Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062561More information: Alberta [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	9,200	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	3,281	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,209	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,350.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3.91	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	9,200	4,535	4,665
0 to 14 years	2,325	1,195	1,125
0 to 4 years	755	380	370
5 to 9 years	840	430	410
10 to 14 years	730	380	350
15 to 64 years	6,165	3,010	3,155
15 to 19 years	470	230	240
20 to 24 years	315	145	170
25 to 29 years	480	230	250
30 to 34 years	810	390	425
35 to 39 years	935	440	500
40 to 44 years	960	480	480
45 to 49 years	745	400	345
50 to 54 years	545	280	270
55 to 59 years	455	215	240
60 to 64 years	445	210	235
65 years and over	715	335	380
65 to 69 years	310	145	170
70 to 74 years	240	105	130
75 to 79 years	125	60	65
80 to 84 years	30	15	10
85 years and over	10	5	5
85 to 89 years	10	5	10
90 to 94 years	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	25.3	26.4	24.1
15 to 64 years	67.0	66.4	67.6
65 years and over	7.8	7.4	8.1
85 years and over	0.1	0.1	0.1
Average age of the population	34.4	34.1	34.8
Median age of the population	36.0	36.0	36.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,205	...	...
Single-detached house	2,195	...	...
Semi-detached house	265	...	...
Row house	435	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	310	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,210	...	...
1 person	525	...	...
2 persons	1,015	...	...
3 persons	565	...	...
4 persons	715	...	...
5 or more persons	390	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,200	4,530	4,670
Average household size	2.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	6,880	3,340	3,535
Married or living common-law	4,930	2,470	2,465
Married	4,310	2,155	2,155
Living common-law	625	320	310
Living common law - Never married	465	230	230
Living common law - Separated	25	10	15
Living common law - Divorced	125	70	55
Living common law - Widowed	10	5	10
Not married and not living common-law	1,945	870	1,075
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,365	690	675
Not married and not living common law - Separated	115	55	65
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	335	100	235
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	130	20	110
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,675	...	...
2 persons	1,070	...	...
3 persons	570	...	...
4 persons	755	...	...
5 or more persons	275	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,675	...	...
Total couple families	2,450	...	...
Married couples	2,135	...	...
With children⁶	1,385	...	...
Without children	750	...	...
Common-law couples	310	...	...
With children⁶	120	...	...
Without children	190	...	...
Total one-parent families	225	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	170	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	55	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	9,200	4,530	4,665
Total - Persons in census families	8,310	4,140	4,170
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,895	2,455	2,445
Parents in one-parent families	225	55	170
Children⁶	3,190	1,630	1,560
In a two-parent family	2,845	1,455	1,385
In a one-parent family	345	175	175
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	890	395	495
Living alone	525	230	300
Living with other relatives⁷	170	60	105
Living with non-relatives only	200	105	90
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,210	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,370	...	...
Couple-family households	2,195	...	...
With children⁶	1,355	...	...
Without children	840	...	...
One-parent-family households	175	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	110	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	90	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	85	...	...
One-person households	525	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	6,875	3,335	3,540
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,550	3,195	3,355
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,800	77,500	48,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,560	3,200	3,365
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,400	64,500	42,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,205	3,085	3,120
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,800	77,000	43,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,395	2,740	2,655
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,800	78,000	46,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,525	2,605	2,915
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,400	1,340	6,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	725	290	430
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,880	5,160	6,240
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,760	805	955
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,700
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	6,855	3,350	3,505
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,555	3,210	3,340
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	77,700	95,500	60,550
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,570	3,220	3,350
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	61,550	73,400	50,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,215	3,100	3,110
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	74,900	93,400	56,450
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,345	2,710	2,630
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	74,400	91,500	56,700
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,485	2,600	2,885
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,930	6,530	9,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	705	305	400
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,860	6,650	8,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,775	835	940
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,750	8,340	9,120
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	6,850	3,345	3,505
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,815	1,605	1,210
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	91,000	101,000	75,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	106,200	122,600	84,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,030	900	1,125
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,200	32,400	25,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	42,160	49,700	36,100
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	91.4	94.4	86.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	78.0	80.8	73.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	8.5	5.5	13.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.7	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.4	2.4	4.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.1	2.3	4.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	6,880	3,340	3,535
Without total income	325	145	180
With total income	6,550	3,195	3,355
Under $10,000 (including loss)	530	170	360
$10,000 to $19,999	435	170	270
$20,000 to $29,999	660	240	425
$30,000 to $39,999	585	220	365
$40,000 to $49,999	505	200	300
$50,000 to $59,999	500	215	285
$60,000 to $69,999	505	230	275
$70,000 to $79,999	395	205	190
$80,000 to $89,999	355	185	170
$90,000 to $99,999	355	190	160
$100,000 and over	1,720	1,180	545
$100,000 to $149,999	995	635	365
$150,000 and over	725	550	175
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	6,880	3,340	3,535
Without after-tax income	315	140	175
With after-tax income	6,560	3,195	3,365
Under $10,000 (including loss)	570	180	390
$10,000 to $19,999	465	180	290
$20,000 to $29,999	765	275	495
$30,000 to $39,999	670	270	400
$40,000 to $49,999	640	265	370
$50,000 to $59,999	665	300	365
$60,000 to $69,999	540	280	260
$70,000 to $79,999	475	260	215
$80,000 to $89,999	445	235	210
$90,000 to $99,999	300	180	120
$100,000 and over	1,035	780	260
$100,000 to $124,999	435	310	130
$125,000 and over	605	470	135
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	6,880	3,340	3,535
Without employment income	1,480	600	885
With employment income	5,395	2,740	2,655
Under $5,000 (including loss)	505	210	300
$5,000 to $9,999	320	115	210
$10,000 to $19,999	485	170	315
$20,000 to $29,999	345	135	205
$30,000 to $39,999	320	135	180
$40,000 to $49,999	335	140	195
$50,000 to $59,999	340	145	190
$60,000 to $69,999	370	170	200
$70,000 to $79,999	300	165	140
$80,000 to $89,999	300	150	150
$90,000 to $99,999	310	160	145
$100,000 and over	1,460	1,035	425
$100,000 to $124,999	565	340	220
$125,000 and over	895	690	200
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	6,875	3,335	3,540
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,445	3,135	3,310
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,600	82,000	47,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,450	3,135	3,315
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,200	67,000	42,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,145	3,050	3,100
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,600	82,000	45,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,405	2,740	2,665
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,200	82,000	47,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,165	2,485	2,680
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	980	890	2,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	515	185	330
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,000	4,920	9,800
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	6,855	3,350	3,505
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,445	3,170	3,275
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	82,600	105,100	60,850
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,450	3,170	3,285
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	64,400	79,800	49,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,140	3,045	3,090
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	82,600	106,400	59,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,370	2,730	2,645
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	80,900	102,200	59,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,110	2,485	2,620
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,892	3,436	6,275
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	540	215	325
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,080	6,950	12,160
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	6,850	3,345	3,505
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,770	1,580	1,185
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	90,000	100,000	75,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	113,500	136,400	83,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,980	885	1,090
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,600	44,000	29,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	50,600	59,000	43,700
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	95.4	97.4	91.8
Employment income (%)	81.6	83.6	78.2
Government transfers (%)	4.7	2.6	8.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.5	2.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,210	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	139,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	525	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,685	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	154,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,200	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	159,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	126,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	505	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	63,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,690	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	174,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	138,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,210	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	130	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	140	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	125	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	160	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	160	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,215	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	410	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	360	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	610	...	...
$200,000 and over	835	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,210	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	45	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	55	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	70	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	170	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	160	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	185	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	230	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	200	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,900	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	475	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	430	...	...
$150,000 and over	995	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,620	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	154,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	850	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,505	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	174,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	210	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	720	335	390
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	64,000	70,500	59,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	54,000	58,400	50,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,610	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	176,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	139,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	890	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	165,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,460	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	191,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	150,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	215	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	695	295	400
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	70,000	70,500	69,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,900	57,600	56,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	9,200	4,535	4,665
0 to 17 years	2,635	1,345	1,290
0 to 5 years	945	490	460
18 to 64 years	5,850	2,860	2,990
65 years and over	715	335	380
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	425	205	220
0 to 17 years	135	75	65
0 to 5 years	45	25	20
18 to 64 years	245	120	125
65 years and over	35	10	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.6	4.6	4.6
0 to 17 years (%)	5.3	5.6	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	5.2	5.6	4.8
18 to 64 years (%)	4.2	4.2	4.3
65 years and over (%)	5.2	3.6	6.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	9,200	4,535	4,665
0 to 17 years	2,635	1,345	1,290
0 to 5 years	940	485	455
18 to 64 years	5,850	2,855	2,995
65 years and over	715	330	385
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	265	140	130
0 to 17 years	85	50	35
0 to 5 years	35	20	15
18 to 64 years	165	80	85
65 years and over	10	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.9	3.0	2.7
0 to 17 years (%)	3.3	3.8	2.6
0 to 5 years (%)	3.2	3.6	2.8
18 to 64 years (%)	2.8	2.8	2.8
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.2	2.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	9,200	4,535	4,665
In bottom half of the distribution	2,535	1,220	1,310
In bottom decile	370	180	185
In second decile	405	180	225
In third decile	475	215	260
In fourth decile	610	305	310
In fifth decile	680	340	335
In top half of the distribution	6,665	3,310	3,355
In sixth decile	760	375	385
In seventh decile	930	450	485
In eighth decile	1,260	645	615
In ninth decile	1,615	810	805
In top decile	2,095	1,030	1,070
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	9,200	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.315	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.369	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.280	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	9,200	4,535	4,665
English only	8,600	4,260	4,340
French only	5	5	0
English and French	470	215	250
Neither English nor French	125	50	75
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	9,200	4,535	4,665
English	8,920	4,400	4,525
French	120	65	50
English and French	30	20	15
Neither English nor French	125	50	75
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	9,200	4,535	4,665
Single responses	8,855	4,370	4,490
Official languages	6,805	3,405	3,400
English	6,685	3,340	3,340
French	125	65	55
Non-official languages	2,055	960	1,090
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,055	960	1,090
Afro-Asiatic languages	90	45	50
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	90	40	45
Amharic	5	0	0
Arabic	80	35	40
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	20	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	0
Vietnamese	45	15	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	350	150	195
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	5	15
Indonesian	5	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	305	135	175
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	55	25	30
Kannada	10	0	5
Malayalam	10	5	10
Tamil	20	10	15
Telugu	10	5	5
Tulu	5	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,055	515	535
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	260	125	130
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	260	125	130
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	80	35	50
Russian	110	55	50
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	15
Bosnian	5	5	5
Croatian	10	10	5
Serbian	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	50	25	20
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	15	10	10
German	15	10	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	20	15
Afrikaans	5	0	0
Dutch	25	15	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	350	175	175
Indo-Aryan languages	345	170	170
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	50	20	25
Gujarati	60	35	25
Hindi	65	25	35
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	90	45	40
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	5
Urdu	60	35	25
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	5
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	385	185	200
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	5
Portuguese	20	5	15
Romanian	55	35	20
Spanish	295	135	160
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5
Korean	105	50	55
Mongolian	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	35	15	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	10	5	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	260	120	140
Chinese languages	255	125	135
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	185	90	100
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5
Yue (Cantonese)	60	30	35
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	5	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	15
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	340	165	175
English and French	15	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	285	140	150
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	30	10	15
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	9,200	4,535	4,665
English	6,850	3,400	3,450
French	20	10	10
Non-official language	600	290	310
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	600	290	310
English and French	70	40	30
English and non-official language(s)	1,575	760	815
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	20	20
Multiple non-official languages	40	10	25
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	9,200	4,535	4,665
Single responses	8,835	4,350	4,485
Official languages	7,615	3,760	3,850
English	7,575	3,740	3,840
French	40	20	15
Non-official languages	1,220	585	630
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,220	585	630
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	25	30
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	55	25	30
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	45	20	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	225	105	120
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	5
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	215	100	110
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	20	20
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10
Tamil	15	10	5
Telugu	5	0	5
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	585	290	295
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	130	70	60
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	130	70	60
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	35	15	20
Russian	75	40	35
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0
Serbian	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	210	105	105
Indo-Aryan languages	200	100	105
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	30	10	20
Gujarati	35	20	20
Hindi	20	10	15
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	35	30
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5
Urdu	45	25	20
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	5
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	240	110	125
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	10
Romanian	20	15	10
Spanish	205	100	110
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5
Korean	95	45	50
Mongolian	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	20	5	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	10	5	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	160	75	85
Chinese languages	160	75	85
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	125	65	65
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	15	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	5	10
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	5	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	370	185	180
English and French	15	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	350	180	175
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	9,200	4,530	4,665
None	7,755	3,845	3,910
English	510	250	255
French	55	30	30
Non-official language	710	320	390
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	710	320	390
English and French	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	85	40	45
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	60	30	25
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	9,215	4,560	4,660
Official languages	9,110	4,520	4,595
English	9,110	4,520	4,595
French	420	205	220
Non-official languages	2,695	1,290	1,405
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,695	1,290	1,405
Afro-Asiatic languages	185	95	95
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	185	95	95
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	135	65	75
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	15	10
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	495	225	270
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	15	10
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	50	30	25
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	480	220	260
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	110	45	60
Kannada	25	15	10
Malayalam	20	10	10
Tamil	25	10	15
Telugu	30	15	15
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,480	710	765
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	340	165	170
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	340	165	170
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	85	30	55
Russian	180	110	75
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	60	30	30
Bosnian	25	15	10
Croatian	20	0	15
Serbian	20	0	15
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	70	50	20
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	40	35	0
German	40	35	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	40	30	10
Afrikaans	10	10	0
Dutch	15	15	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	500	240	260
Indo-Aryan languages	475	230	250
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	75	30	45
Gujarati	90	55	40
Hindi	240	115	125
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	120	55	65
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	130	65	65
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	10	10
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	15	10	10
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	590	260	330
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	30	0	20
Portuguese	30	15	10
Romanian	30	20	15
Spanish	510	225	285
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	30	10	25
Korean	30	10	20
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	105	45	60
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	25	10	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	15	0	10
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	0	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	340	195	150
Chinese languages	340	195	150
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	275	150	120
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	70	45	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,215	4,555	4,660
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	295	155	135
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	270	145	125
First Nations (North American Indian)	75	40	35
Métis	190	105	85
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	8,925	4,405	4,520
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,215	4,555	4,660
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	70	45	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,150	4,515	4,630
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,200	...	...
Owner	2,925	...	...
Renter	275	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,200	...	...
Condominium	780	...	...
Not condominium	2,420	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,200	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	40	...	...
2 bedrooms	695	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,445	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,020	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,200	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	685	...	...
5 rooms	490	...	...
6 rooms	570	...	...
7 rooms	405	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,045	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,200	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,125	...	...
More than one person per room	80	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,200	...	...
Suitable	3,125	...	...
Not suitable	75	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,200	...	...
1960 or before	15	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	20	...	...
2006 to 2010	310	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,780	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,050	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,200	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,195	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,200	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,155	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,935	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	120	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,200	...	...
15 to 24 years	40	...	...
25 to 34 years	590	...	...
35 to 44 years	975	...	...
45 to 54 years	735	...	...
55 to 64 years	470	...	...
65 to 74 years	295	...	...
75 to 84 years	95	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,185	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,645	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	545	...	...
30% to less than 100%	495	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,200	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	605	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	525	...	...
Not suitable only	60	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,595	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,135	...	...
In core need	125	...	...
Not in core need	3,005	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,925	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	81.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,240	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,306	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	552,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	583,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	270	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	38.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,860	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,840	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	9,220	4,560	4,655
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	60	40	20
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	60	40	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	40	20	15
Métis single ancestry	20	15	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	255	125	130
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	255	125	130
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	165	80	80
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	95	45	45
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,900	4,395	4,505
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	9,220	4,560	4,660
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	8,620	4,295	4,325
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,555	1,315	1,245
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,060	2,980	3,080
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	600	265	330
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	9,220	4,560	4,660
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	6,625	3,335	3,290
Immigrants⁸¹	2,550	1,210	1,345
Before 1980	175	50	120
1980 to 1990	205	120	90
1991 to 2000	345	160	185
2001 to 2010	880	430	450
2011 to 2021⁸²	950	445	505
2011 to 2015	585	265	315
2016 to 2021	365	180	185
Non-permanent residents⁸³	40	15	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,555	1,205	1,345
Under 5 years	280	130	145
5 to 14 years	390	205	185
15 to 24 years	450	160	290
25 to 44 years	1,235	605	635
45 years and over	200	100	100
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,555	1,205	1,345
Americas	470	210	260
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	65	20	40
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0
Mexico	65	30	35
Peru	10	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	150	75	80
Other places of birth in Americas	150	70	80
Europe	560	255	310
Bosnia and Herzegovina	25	10	20
Croatia	15	10	10
France	0	0	0
Germany	15	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	10	0
Poland	50	20	30
Portugal	10	10	0
Romania	25	15	15
Russian Federation	85	40	45
Serbia⁸⁶	10	0	10
Ukraine	20	0	20
United Kingdom⁸⁷	200	80	120
Other places of birth in Europe	80	40	45
Africa	170	75	95
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	30	10	20
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	50	25	30
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	10	20
Other places of birth in Africa	45	20	20
Asia	1,320	640	680
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	15	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	185	75	110
Hong Kong⁹¹	40	30	10
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	500	245	255
Viet Nam	25	10	10
Bangladesh	40	20	20
India	280	145	140
Pakistan	65	40	30
Sri Lanka	15	0	15
Other places of birth in Asia	100	50	50
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	35	25	10
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	365	180	185
Americas	65	30	30
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	30	15	15
Venezuela⁹⁵	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	90	45	45
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	35	15	15
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	15
Africa	40	20	25
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	160	80	80
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	20	0	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	55	25	30
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	35	20	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	9,215	4,560	4,660
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,665	1,260	1,410
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,855	995	865
Third generation or more¹⁰²	4,690	2,305	2,385
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,380	1,155	1,225
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,560	785	775
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	595	385	210
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	965	400	560
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	535	230	305
Refugees¹⁰⁸	280	135	145
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,380	1,155	1,225
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	130	80	50
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	325	135	185
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	70	35	30
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	135	75	65
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,715	830	885
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	9,215	4,555	4,660
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,880	1,400	1,480
South Asian	705	330	375
Chinese	445	240	210
Black	255	120	140
Filipino	670	350	320
Arab	155	70	80
Latin American	380	165	215
Southeast Asian	110	55	50
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10
Japanese	20	0	20
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	35	20	10
Multiple visible minorities	70	30	45
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	6,335	3,160	3,175
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	9,215	4,560	4,660
Canadian	1,160	630	530
English	1,750	875	875
Irish	1,365	655	710
Scottish	1,330	615	715
French, n.o.s.¹²²	685	270	415
German	1,085	565	515
Chinese	435	225	210
Italian	280	120	160
Indian (India)	395	190	210
Ukrainian	650	330	320
Dutch	330	160	170
Polish	380	150	230
Québécois	20	0	10
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	445	215	230
Filipino	620	335	285
French Canadian	70	30	40
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	135	75	60
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	95	40	50
Métis	110	60	50
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	235	115	120
Russian	290	165	125
Norwegian	340	140	205
Welsh	125	60	70
Portuguese	30	20	10
American	120	55	70
Spanish	195	115	85
Swedish	85	45	40
Hungarian	120	60	60
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	120	55	65
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	55	30	25
Jewish	40	30	10
Punjabi	35	15	20
Vietnamese	20	10	10
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	55	45	15
Jamaican	30	10	15
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	100	35	60
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	50	35	15
Korean	30	20	15
Romanian	100	60	45
Lebanese	80	60	20
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	20	15	0
Danish	95	60	35
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	15	10	15
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	40	25	15
Belgian	60	20	40
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	80	35	45
Mexican	80	35	45
Mennonite	10	10	0
Swiss	70	15	55
Finnish	25	15	10
Sri Lankan	25	0	20
Croatian	60	25	40
Japanese	45	15	30
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	20	0	15
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	85	45	40
Muslim	30	10	10
Egyptian	45	25	20
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	90	45	40
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	65	40	20
Colombian	80	30	50
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	55	25	30
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	45	10	30
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0
Hong Konger	30	20	10
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	45	25	20
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	30	15	15
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	20	0	15
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	25	0	20
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	35	0	35
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	30	10	25
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	10	0	10
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	0	20
South African	10	10	0
Australian	35	25	10
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	10	10
Peruvian	10	0	10
Yoruba	50	20	30
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	40	35	10
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	0	10
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	25	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	110	60	45
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	15	10
Venezuelan	145	65	75
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	30	10	20
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	15	0	15
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	10	10	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	40	20	15
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	20	10	0
Buddhist	20	15	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	10	0	10
Igorot	30	10	15
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	25	15	15
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	9,215	4,555	4,655
Buddhist	60	25	35
Christian	4,885	2,285	2,600
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	925	435	490
Anabaptist	10	0	10
Anglican	200	90	115
Baptist	55	25	30
Catholic	2,350	1,100	1,250
Christian Orthodox	110	55	55
Jehovah's Witness	50	30	20
Latter Day Saints	195	90	105
Lutheran	60	25	45
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	95	55	40
Presbyterian	75	40	30
Reformed	20	10	10
United Church	380	150	230
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	345	175	170
Hindu	240	125	115
Jewish	30	20	10
Muslim	345	160	185
Sikh	110	55	55
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	45	25	20
No religion and secular perspectives	3,505	1,875	1,640
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	9,085	4,505	4,585
Non-movers	7,745	3,840	3,910
Movers	1,340	665	675
Non-migrants	940	490	455
Migrants	395	175	220
Internal migrants	300	140	165
Intraprovincial migrants	80	45	40
Interprovincial migrants	220	95	130
External migrants	95	40	55
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	8,440	4,165	4,270
Non-movers	4,425	2,225	2,200
Movers	4,015	1,945	2,070
Non-migrants	2,780	1,350	1,430
Migrants	1,235	590	645
Internal migrants	965	465	500
Intraprovincial migrants	490	260	230
Interprovincial migrants	480	205	270
External migrants	265	125	145
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,850	3,345	3,505
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	640	330	305
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,215	3,015	3,205
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,335	2,630	2,710
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	280	155	125
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,055	2,470	2,590
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,855	3,350	3,505
No certificate, diploma or degree	545	290	260
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,615	770	845
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,690	2,285	2,405
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,020	1,065	955
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	475	390	80
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	140	100	40
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	330	295	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,275	555	720
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	270	120	150
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,670	1,220	1,450
Bachelor's degree	1,890	830	1,060
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	140	55	85
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	25	15
Master's degree	545	280	270
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	55	30	25
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,340	2,625	2,710
No certificate, diploma or degree	205	120	85
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	995	505	490
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,135	1,995	2,135
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,765	945	820
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	420	350	70
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	110	80	30
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	310	270	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,120	490	635
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	220	110	115
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,375	1,050	1,320
Bachelor's degree	1,665	715	945
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	125	45	80
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	25	15
Master's degree	505	250	255
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	15	25
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,855	3,350	3,505
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,165	1,060	1,100
Education	295	75	220
13. Education	295	75	220
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125	55	75
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	120	45	75
Humanities	155	50	100
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	35	0	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	10	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	20	20
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	485	150	330
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55	10	45
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	60	0	60
22. Legal professions and studies	95	40	55
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10
42. Psychology	100	25	75
45. Social sciences	155	75	85
Business, management and public administration	1,260	570	685
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	45	0	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,205	570	635
Physical and life sciences and technologies	185	80	105
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	25	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	10	35
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	85	50	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	205	140	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	175	115	60
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	20	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,050	910	140
04. Architecture and related services	35	15	20
14. Engineering	425	345	75
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	245	215	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	165	160	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	135	125	10
48. Precision production	50	50	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	20	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	15	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	0	0
Health and related fields	720	120	600
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	15	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	675	100	575
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	170	120	55
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	75	35	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	65	50	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,335	2,625	2,710
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,200	630	570
Education	230	45	185
13. Education	230	45	185
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	50	60
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	105	40	60
Humanities	115	30	85
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	0	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	410	125	285
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	10	40
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	55	0	55
22. Legal professions and studies	85	35	55
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10
42. Psychology	85	15	65
45. Social sciences	120	60	60
Business, management and public administration	1,115	490	625
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	0	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,075	490	580
Physical and life sciences and technologies	170	65	105
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	25	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	10	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	65	30	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	185	125	60
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	160	110	50
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	20	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	970	830	140
04. Architecture and related services	35	10	25
14. Engineering	390	310	75
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	240	210	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	150	145	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	110	100	10
48. Precision production	50	45	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	20	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	15	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	0	10
Health and related fields	635	110	525
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	10	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	595	95	500
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	150	110	40
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	60	30	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	65	50	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,335	2,625	2,710
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,200	630	570
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,135	2,000	2,140
Location of study inside Canada	3,055	1,475	1,580
Same as province or territory of residence	2,070	1,005	1,065
Different than province or territory of residence	980	465	515
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,080	525	560
Americas	300	185	115
United States of America	175	130	50
Mexico	25	15	15
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	15
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	55	25	30
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	220	110	110
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	10	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	10
Russian Federation	40	10	25
Ukraine	15	10	10
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	120	75	50
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	70	35	35
Nigeria	30	20	10
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	10
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	0
Other locations of study in Africa	15	0	10
Asia	455	165	290
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	10	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	50	20	30
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	200	70	130
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	135	60	80
Pakistan	20	0	15
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	0
Oceania	35	25	10
Australia	25	15	10
New Zealand	10	10	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	6,855	3,350	3,505
In the labour force	5,170	2,715	2,455
Employed	4,705	2,460	2,240
Unemployed	470	250	210
Not in the labour force	1,685	630	1,050
Participation rate	75.4	81.0	70.0
Employment rate	68.6	73.4	63.9
Unemployment rate	9.1	9.2	8.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	6,855	3,350	3,505
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,720	660	1,060
Worked	5,135	2,685	2,445
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,945	1,690	1,250
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,190	995	1,195
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	43.1	41.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,170	2,715	2,455
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110	55	50
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,060	2,660	2,405
Employee	4,255	2,175	2,080
Permanent position	3,725	1,935	1,790
Temporary position	530	240	290
Fixed term (1 year or more)	195	70	125
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	335	170	165
Self-employed¹⁹²	805	480	325
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,170	2,715	2,455
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110	55	50
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,060	2,660	2,405
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	80	60	25
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,080	315	765
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	665	465	195
3 Health occupations	500	70	425
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	510	220	295
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	120	60	60
6 Sales and service occupations	1,075	540	535
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	805	725	75
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	90	75	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	130	115	20
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,170	2,715	2,455
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110	55	50
All industries¹⁹¹	5,060	2,660	2,405
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	25	15	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	280	205	80
22 Utilities	55	45	10
23 Construction	570	460	110
31-33 Manufacturing	205	155	55
41 Wholesale trade	250	180	75
44-45 Retail trade	470	240	230
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	305	210	90
51 Information and cultural industries	120	75	45
52 Finance and insurance	210	85	120
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	85	35	50
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	610	345	265
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	0	25
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	155	80	70
61 Educational services	285	75	205
62 Health care and social assistance	710	105	605
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	80	35	45
72 Accommodation and food services	200	90	115
81 Other services (except public administration)	200	80	120
91 Public administration	215	135	75
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,390	2,795	2,595
English	5,205	2,715	2,495
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	35	15	20
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	15	20
English and French	35	15	20
English and non-official language(s)	110	50	55
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,390	2,795	2,595
Single responses	5,370	2,785	2,585
Official languages	5,325	2,760	2,560
English	5,310	2,755	2,550
French	15	0	10
Non-official languages	50	25	25
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	50	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10
Chinese languages	20	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	10
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,390	2,795	2,595
None	5,260	2,740	2,525
English	20	10	10
French	25	15	10
Non-official language	65	30	40
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	65	30	40
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	0	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,705	2,465	2,240
Worked at home	1,425	695	725
Worked outside Canada	35	20	10
No fixed workplace address	570	445	130
Usual place of work	2,680	1,300	1,380
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,680	1,300	1,380
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,365	1,130	1,230
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	225	105	115
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	65	35	30
Commute to a different province or territory	30	30	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,250	1,745	1,510
Car, truck or van	3,030	1,640	1,390
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,865	1,600	1,265
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	165	40	125
Public transit	70	15	55
Walked	50	20	20
Bicycle	20	20	0
Other method	80	50	35
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,250	1,745	1,510
Less than 15 minutes	625	260	370
15 to 29 minutes	1,510	850	665
30 to 44 minutes	850	475	375
45 to 59 minutes	170	95	70
60 minutes and over	100	65	30
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,250	1,745	1,510
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	245	190	55
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	740	435	310
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	865	460	405
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	625	320	305
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	350	120	225
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	430	220	210
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,660	1,360	1,300
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	180	95	85
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,485	1,265	1,220
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,835	935	900
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	130	75	60
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	60	35	25
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	75	35	35
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,705	865	845

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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