Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Division No. 6, Census division (CDR)More information: Saskatchewan [Census division] Remove			47060327More information: Saskatchewan [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	276,564	...	...	470	...	...
Population, 2016¹	262,837	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	5.2	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	122,908	...	...	188	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	111,468	...	...	182	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	15.9	...	...	1,843.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	17,363.04	...	...	0.25	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	276,560	136,900	139,660	470	230	240
0 to 14 years	52,715	26,900	25,815	85	40	40
0 to 4 years	16,480	8,325	8,160	25	5	15
5 to 9 years	18,245	9,280	8,965	30	15	15
10 to 14 years	17,990	9,290	8,695	25	20	10
15 to 64 years	179,355	89,915	89,435	290	140	150
15 to 19 years	15,945	8,290	7,655	25	15	10
20 to 24 years	17,150	8,995	8,155	20	5	15
25 to 29 years	17,810	8,905	8,905	15	10	5
30 to 34 years	20,475	10,120	10,360	45	20	20
35 to 39 years	21,250	10,625	10,625	40	20	20
40 to 44 years	19,515	9,835	9,685	25	15	10
45 to 49 years	16,700	8,325	8,380	25	15	15
50 to 54 years	15,535	7,765	7,775	20	10	10
55 to 59 years	17,690	8,610	9,075	35	15	20
60 to 64 years	17,280	8,460	8,825	30	15	20
65 years and over	44,495	20,085	24,410	100	50	50
65 to 69 years	14,895	7,245	7,650	30	15	15
70 to 74 years	11,090	5,280	5,805	30	15	20
75 to 79 years	7,285	3,330	3,950	25	15	10
80 to 84 years	5,195	2,155	3,040	10	5	5
85 years and over	6,030	2,075	3,955	5	5	0
85 to 89 years	3,440	1,245	2,195	5	5	0
90 to 94 years	2,000	695	1,305	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	520	130	390	0	0	0
100 years and over	70	10	60	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.1	19.6	18.5	18.1	17.4	16.7
15 to 64 years	64.9	65.7	64.0	61.7	60.9	62.5
65 years and over	16.1	14.7	17.5	21.3	21.7	20.8
85 years and over	2.2	1.5	2.8	1.1	2.2	0.0
Average age of the population	39.4	38.4	40.3	42.2	42.4	42.0
Median age of the population	38.4	37.6	39.2	41.2	41.6	40.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	111,465	...	...	180	...	...
Single-detached house	75,640	...	...	170	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,965	...	...	15	...	...
Row house	6,350	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,260	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	18,875	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	4,390	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	80	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	910	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	111,470	...	...	180	...	...
1 person	32,370	...	...	35	...	...
2 persons	38,145	...	...	90	...	...
3 persons	16,120	...	...	20	...	...
4 persons	15,295	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	9,535	...	...	20	...	...
Number of persons in private households	271,810	134,695	137,115	470	230	240
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	223,850	110,005	113,840	385	190	200
Married or living common-law	128,720	64,310	64,410	250	125	125
Married	107,865	53,895	53,975	210	105	105
Living common-law	20,850	10,415	10,435	35	20	20
Living common law - Never married	15,730	7,890	7,840	25	10	15
Living common law - Separated	625	340	290	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	4,110	2,035	2,075	15	5	5
Living common law - Widowed	385	155	235	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	95,130	45,695	49,435	140	65	70
Not married and not living common law - Never married	65,330	35,680	29,655	95	50	40
Not married and not living common law - Separated	4,905	2,130	2,775	10	0	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	13,145	5,375	7,765	15	10	10
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	11,745	2,505	9,240	20	5	10
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	75,780	...	...	145	...	...
2 persons	38,405	...	...	85	...	...
3 persons	15,530	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	14,670	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	7,180	...	...	15	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	75,780	...	...	145	...	...
Total couple families	62,760	...	...	125	...	...
Married couples	52,335	...	...	105	...	...
With children⁶	27,985	...	...	45	...	...
Without children	24,350	...	...	65	...	...
Common-law couples	10,425	...	...	20	...	...
With children⁶	4,035	...	...	10	...	...
Without children	6,390	...	...	5	...	...
Total one-parent families	13,025	...	...	20	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	9,910	...	...	15	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	3,115	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	271,805	134,695	137,115	470	230	240
Total - Persons in census families	221,105	109,615	111,490	415	205	210
Married spouses or common-law partners	125,515	62,730	62,780	250	120	125
Parents in one-parent families	13,025	3,115	9,905	25	5	15
Children⁶	82,565	43,765	38,800	140	70	70
In a two-parent family	61,205	32,120	29,090	110	55	55
In a one-parent family	21,360	11,650	9,715	35	20	10
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	50,705	25,085	25,620	55	30	30
Living alone	32,370	14,855	17,515	35	20	20
Living with other relatives⁷	7,020	3,320	3,705	10	5	0
Living with non-relatives only	11,315	6,910	4,410	15	10	5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	111,470	...	...	185	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	67,695	...	...	130	...	...
Couple-family households	57,590	...	...	110	...	...
With children⁶	29,245	...	...	50	...	...
Without children	28,350	...	...	65	...	...
One-parent-family households	10,105	...	...	15	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	2,380	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	520	...	...	5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	3,290	...	...	0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	5,210	...	...	10	...	...
One-person households	32,370	...	...	35	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	219,330	107,930	111,395	390	190	195
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	209,870	102,970	106,900	375	190	190
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,400	51,200	42,400	51,200	62,400	40,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	209,985	103,030	106,950	375	190	190
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	45,200	38,400	45,200	52,400	36,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	190,910	94,825	96,085	350	180	175
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	48,400	35,600	46,800	57,200	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	157,390	80,560	76,825	275	145	130
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	48,800	38,400	50,800	59,200	40,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	185,330	89,320	96,010	320	155	170
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,750	5,680	9,200	9,800	8,100	11,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	19,400	9,935	9,465	40	25	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,760	5,640	6,000	6,850	6,000	x
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	52,195	25,750	26,450	65	25	40
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,200	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	219,290	107,905	111,380	400	215	185
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	209,885	102,915	106,970	385	210	175
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,300	64,100	50,720	57,600	66,500	47,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	209,980	102,965	107,015	385	210	175
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,680	52,100	43,400	48,800	54,400	42,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	191,295	94,875	96,425	370	195	175
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,100	61,200	45,160	50,200	62,400	36,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	157,390	80,320	77,065	290	160	130
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,250	59,000	45,200	53,200	64,000	39,500
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	185,045	89,020	96,025	330	170	160
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,070	8,900	11,160	11,200	9,800	12,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	19,255	9,905	9,350	35	20	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,060	6,195	7,990	7,600	9,000	...
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	52,365	25,980	26,380	95	40	55
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,910	8,860	8,950	8,200	8,000	8,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	219,290	107,910	111,385	395	210	185
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	81,345	44,030	37,315	135	75	55
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	67,000	72,000	62,400	78,500	83,000	64,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	76,300	82,900	68,400	78,000	84,000	68,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	58,055	27,470	30,585	130	70	60
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,000	21,400	17,200	26,000	43,200	11,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,960	32,960	25,340	35,500	48,000	20,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	84.4	88.0	80.2	83.0	88.0	75.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	68.4	71.8	64.2	69.0	74.0	60.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	15.5	12.0	19.8	16.8	12.0	24.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.9	1.4	1.2	1.6	x
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.5	3.8	5.3	4.2	2.6	6.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.9	3.5	4.4	3.6	2.4	5.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	219,325	107,930	111,395	385	190	200
Without total income	9,455	4,960	4,495	10	0	10
With total income	209,870	102,965	106,900	375	185	190
Under $10,000 (including loss)	16,300	7,625	8,675	20	10	10
$10,000 to $19,999	20,005	8,635	11,365	40	10	25
$20,000 to $29,999	28,410	12,305	16,105	50	15	40
$30,000 to $39,999	24,900	10,865	14,030	30	10	20
$40,000 to $49,999	23,635	10,590	13,045	40	20	25
$50,000 to $59,999	20,720	9,820	10,900	35	20	15
$60,000 to $69,999	16,965	8,615	8,345	35	20	15
$70,000 to $79,999	13,690	7,390	6,295	25	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	10,860	5,950	4,905	25	15	5
$90,000 to $99,999	8,765	4,740	4,025	20	15	5
$100,000 and over	25,620	16,425	9,200	45	30	20
$100,000 to $149,999	18,095	11,020	7,070	35	25	15
$150,000 and over	7,530	5,400	2,130	10	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	219,325	107,930	111,395	385	190	200
Without after-tax income	9,345	4,905	4,445	10	0	10
With after-tax income	209,980	103,030	106,950	375	185	190
Under $10,000 (including loss)	17,025	7,875	9,150	25	10	10
$10,000 to $19,999	21,075	9,115	11,960	40	10	30
$20,000 to $29,999	32,575	14,275	18,300	55	15	40
$30,000 to $39,999	30,095	13,490	16,605	50	20	25
$40,000 to $49,999	28,375	13,245	15,130	55	30	20
$50,000 to $59,999	23,350	11,895	11,455	35	20	15
$60,000 to $69,999	17,690	9,435	8,255	45	30	15
$70,000 to $79,999	13,205	7,060	6,145	35	20	10
$80,000 to $89,999	8,585	4,780	3,805	20	15	5
$90,000 to $99,999	5,620	3,335	2,285	10	0	5
$100,000 and over	12,390	8,510	3,875	20	15	5
$100,000 to $124,999	6,780	4,500	2,280	15	10	5
$125,000 and over	5,610	4,015	1,595	5	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	219,325	107,930	111,395	385	190	200
Without employment income	61,940	27,370	34,565	115	45	65
With employment income	157,390	80,565	76,830	275	145	130
Under $5,000 (including loss)	19,355	9,070	10,290	35	15	25
$5,000 to $9,999	11,515	5,275	6,245	15	5	5
$10,000 to $19,999	16,745	7,700	9,045	30	10	15
$20,000 to $29,999	13,620	6,500	7,125	20	5	10
$30,000 to $39,999	13,185	6,190	6,995	15	5	10
$40,000 to $49,999	13,770	6,505	7,265	25	10	10
$50,000 to $59,999	12,975	6,465	6,510	25	10	15
$60,000 to $69,999	11,630	6,195	5,430	20	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	9,710	5,330	4,375	20	15	5
$80,000 to $89,999	8,320	4,565	3,755	20	15	5
$90,000 to $99,999	6,955	3,765	3,190	15	10	0
$100,000 and over	19,595	13,005	6,590	35	20	10
$100,000 to $124,999	9,635	5,845	3,790	20	15	10
$125,000 and over	9,960	7,160	2,805	15	10	5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	219,330	107,930	111,395	390	190	195
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	204,895	100,325	104,570	370	180	190
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,200	51,600	40,400	51,200	62,400	41,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	204,975	100,335	104,640	370	180	190
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	44,800	36,400	44,400	54,800	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	187,725	93,180	94,545	345	175	175
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,800	50,400	36,800	46,800	61,200	36,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	156,150	79,910	76,240	270	145	125
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	50,400	38,800	54,000	62,400	42,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	174,570	84,245	90,325	315	155	165
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	2,280	1,140	4,880	5,880	2,780	7,950
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	14,740	7,165	7,570	35	15	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,120	5,520	7,000	5,200	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	219,290	107,905	111,380	400	215	185
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	204,975	100,245	104,730	380	200	180
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,400	63,200	47,880	55,400	65,500	44,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	205,035	100,255	104,775	380	200	180
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,760	51,040	40,760	46,800	53,600	39,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	188,280	93,295	94,990	360	185	170
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,800	62,700	45,040	52,000	64,500	38,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	156,600	80,020	76,575	295	160	135
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,300	60,700	45,640	52,800	62,800	41,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	174,815	84,295	90,520	330	175	160
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,000	5,775	8,150	7,440	6,360	8,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,850	7,275	7,575	30	20	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,750	6,390	9,050	6,000	6,400	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	219,290	107,910	111,385	395	210	185
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	80,760	43,715	37,050	135	75	55
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	63,600	69,500	58,400	81,000	83,000	71,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	73,000	80,400	64,300	73,000	80,000	66,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	54,070	25,450	28,620	130	65	60
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,400	29,200	22,800	35,600	58,800	16,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,920	41,880	30,600	43,000	60,000	26,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	89.2	92.4	85.4	88.0	92.0	84.0
Employment income (%)	73.6	76.6	69.6	73.0	77.0	68.0
Government transfers (%)	10.8	7.7	14.7	11.6	8.4	17.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.7	1.4	0.8	1.2	x
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	111,470	...	...	180	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	90,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	32,370	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,200	...	...	62,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,600	...	...	53,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	79,100	...	...	150	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	111,465	...	...	185	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	107,900	...	...	119,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	89,800	...	...	101,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	32,355	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,250	...	...	56,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,440	...	...	44,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	79,115	...	...	155	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	128,200	...	...	132,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	106,700	...	...	112,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	111,470	...	...	180	...	...
Under $5,000	1,250	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	530	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	900	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,675	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,865	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,455	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,230	...	...	0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,630	...	...	0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,775	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,975	...	...	0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	7,970	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	7,840	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	7,545	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	6,920	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	6,530	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	48,380	...	...	100	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	13,755	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10,345	...	...	30	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	13,135	...	...	25	...	...
$200,000 and over	11,140	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	111,470	...	...	180	...	...
Under $5,000	1,370	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	525	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	945	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,745	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	4,195	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,930	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,815	...	...	0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	4,445	...	...	0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	4,705	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	4,700	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	9,625	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	9,285	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	8,680	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	7,970	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	7,090	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	38,445	...	...	75	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	14,315	...	...	40	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	9,595	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 and over	14,535	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	75,520	...	...	145	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	28,945	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	32,165	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	139,000	...	...	139,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	12,105	...	...	20	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	43,685	21,765	21,925	50	25	25
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,800	42,800	42,400	55,200	70,500	43,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,000	38,000	38,400	46,000	60,400	35,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	75,560	...	...	145	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	128,800	...	...	126,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,900	...	...	108,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	28,975	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	122,500	...	...	124,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,300	...	...	104,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	32,205	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	154,800	...	...	144,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,800	...	...	124,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	12,080	...	...	20	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	43,635	21,760	21,870	65	40	25
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,700	52,700	52,700	58,000	68,000	44,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,280	43,640	44,920	48,000	56,000	38,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	271,810	134,700	137,110	470	230	240
0 to 17 years	62,015	31,735	30,280	95	50	50
0 to 5 years	20,045	10,115	9,935	35	10	20
18 to 64 years	168,080	83,730	84,350	275	130	140
65 years and over	41,710	19,225	22,485	100	50	50
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	29,305	14,055	15,250	5	0	5
0 to 17 years	8,770	4,485	4,280	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	3,100	1,500	1,605	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	15,855	7,810	8,040	5	0	0
65 years and over	4,680	1,755	2,930	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.8	10.4	11.1	1.6	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	14.1	14.1	14.1	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	14.8	16.1	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	9.4	9.3	9.5	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	11.2	9.1	13.0	x	x	x
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	267,800	132,680	135,120	470	230	240
0 to 17 years	60,495	30,980	29,515	100	50	50
0 to 5 years	19,620	9,930	9,695	30	10	25
18 to 64 years	165,955	82,630	83,325	270	135	140
65 years and over	41,350	19,075	22,280	100	50	50
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	10,990	5,950	5,045	5	0	0
0 to 17 years	2,570	1,335	1,240	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	855	430	425	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	7,855	4,345	3,510	0	0	0
65 years and over	570	270	295	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.1	4.5	3.7	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	4.3	4.3	4.2	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	4.4	4.4	4.4	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	4.7	5.3	4.2	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.4	1.3	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	271,810	134,695	137,115	470	230	240
In bottom half of the distribution	128,190	62,365	65,830	175	85	90
In bottom decile	26,460	13,310	13,150	10	0	10
In second decile	25,580	11,835	13,750	35	15	20
In third decile	25,265	12,270	12,995	40	20	20
In fourth decile	25,225	12,275	12,950	45	25	25
In fifth decile	25,665	12,675	12,985	40	20	20
In top half of the distribution	143,620	72,335	71,285	295	150	150
In sixth decile	26,985	13,365	13,615	45	25	20
In seventh decile	28,390	14,245	14,140	75	40	30
In eighth decile	29,835	14,980	14,850	70	35	40
In ninth decile	30,690	15,505	15,185	60	25	30
In top decile	27,720	14,235	13,485	50	25	30
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	271,805	...	...	470	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.329	...	...	0.246	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.429	...	...	0.326	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.290	...	...	0.219	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	273,000	135,220	137,780	470	230	235
English only	254,735	127,005	127,730	440	215	225
French only	180	80	100	0	0	0
English and French	15,100	6,795	8,305	25	15	10
Neither English nor French	2,980	1,340	1,640	0	0	0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	273,000	135,220	137,780	470	230	235
English	266,955	132,395	134,560	465	230	235
French	2,585	1,250	1,335	0	0	0
English and French	615	315	300	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	2,845	1,265	1,580	0	0	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	273,000	135,220	137,780	470	230	235
Single responses	264,075	130,815	133,260	460	230	235
Official languages	220,605	109,085	111,520	395	195	195
English	218,010	107,835	110,175	390	195	200
French	2,595	1,255	1,345	0	0	0
Non-official languages	43,475	21,730	21,740	60	30	35
Indigenous languages³⁹	495	205	290	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	340	130	210	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	250	100	150	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	250	100	150	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	80	30	55	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	130	55	80	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	80	30	55	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	85	25	55	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	70	25	40	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	20	10	15	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	105	55	50	0	0	0
Assiniboine	30	20	15	0	0	0
Dakota	60	25	35	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	42,975	21,530	21,450	60	30	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	3,045	1,525	1,525	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Hausa	20	5	10	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	585	280	305	0	0	0
Bilen	75	40	35	0	0	0
Oromo	50	20	30	0	0	0
Somali	425	205	225	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages	2,445	1,240	1,205	0	0	0
Amharic	170	85	90	0	0	0
Arabic	1,765	895	870	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	465	245	225	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,625	780	845	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,590	760	825	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	7,570	3,595	3,980	15	10	5
Bikol	35	15	15	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	200	95	110	0	0	0
Cebuano	430	205	230	0	0	0
Fijian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	95	40	55	0	0	0
Ilocano	440	205	235	0	0	0
Indonesian	25	5	20	0	0	0
Kankanaey	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	10	5	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	80	40	40	0	0	0
Pangasinan	25	15	15	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	6,090	2,900	3,190	10	5	5
Waray-Waray	30	10	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	75	35	40	0	0	0
Creole languages	80	40	35	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	5	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	30	15	15	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,120	615	505	0	0	0
Kannada	30	10	20	0	0	0
Malayalam	630	340	295	0	0	0
Tamil	205	115	95	0	0	0
Telugu	240	150	95	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	21,620	11,125	10,495	25	10	15
Albanian	180	95	85	0	0	0
Armenian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	3,050	1,405	1,650	10	0	5
Baltic languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Latvian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	3,000	1,380	1,625	10	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Czech	30	15	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	400	180	220	5	0	5
Russian	885	415	465	0	0	0
Rusyn	10	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	360	175	185	0	0	0
Bosnian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Croatian	140	65	75	0	0	0
Serbian	135	70	70	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,225	545	680	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,555	1,215	1,335	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	1,975	930	1,050	5	0	0
German	1,960	925	1,040	5	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	490	245	240	5	0	0
Afrikaans	185	105	80	0	0	0
Dutch	225	110	120	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Low Saxon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	50	25	25	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	85	40	45	0	0	0
Danish	40	25	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Swedish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	470	240	230	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	13,305	7,150	6,155	10	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	12,460	6,705	5,755	10	5	0
Assamese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bengali	1,370	720	650	0	0	0
Gujarati	2,650	1,495	1,155	0	0	0
Hindi	1,180	660	515	0	0	0
Kacchi	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	10	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	25	10	10	0	0	0
Marathi	65	40	30	0	0	0
Nepali	360	180	175	0	0	0
Oriya languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Odia	10	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	4,085	2,195	1,890	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	50	25	25	0	0	0
Urdu	2,515	1,285	1,235	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	100	60	40	0	0	0
Iranian languages	845	440	400	0	0	0
Baluchi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	55	35	25	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	175	100	70	0	0	0
Persian languages	600	300	300	0	0	0
Dari	215	105	105	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	340	170	170	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	50	25	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,030	1,005	1,025	5	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	305	155	150	0	0	0
Portuguese	180	85	95	0	0	0
Romanian	225	100	125	0	0	0
Spanish	1,320	660	660	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	90	25	65	0	0	0
Korean	550	240	315	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	1,165	595	570	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	60	30	35	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	20	15	5	0	0	0
Éwé	20	5	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ganda	35	20	15	0	0	0
Gikuyu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Igbo	145	85	60	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	70	40	25	0	0	0
Lingala	10	5	5	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ndebele	5	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	110	50	55	0	0	0
Shona	30	20	10	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Swahili	150	80	75	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	345	170	170	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	100	40	55	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	170	95	75	0	0	0
Dinka	55	35	25	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	90	50	45	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	30	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5,235	2,570	2,665	10	5	5
Chinese languages	4,695	2,290	2,400	5	0	0
Hakka	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	3,230	1,595	1,640	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	60	25	35	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	1,265	605	655	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	90	45	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	525	265	260	0	0	0
Burmese	30	15	10	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages	420	215	205	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	350	180	165	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	70	30	40	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	5	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	180	75	105	0	0	0
Lao	130	60	70	0	0	0
Thai	50	15	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	135	60	75	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	100	50	50	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	345	160	180	0	0	0
Estonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	20	5	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	320	155	170	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	8,920	4,405	4,515	15	5	5
English and French	855	435	420	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	7,005	3,470	3,540	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	145	75	75	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	125	60	65	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	790	370	415	5	5	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	273,000	135,220	137,780	470	230	235
English	221,875	109,690	112,185	395	200	200
French	670	325	340	0	0	0
Non-official language	11,810	5,880	5,930	20	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	30	5	20	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	11,780	5,870	5,910	20	10	10
English and French	2,240	1,040	1,200	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	33,880	17,030	16,855	45	20	30
French and non-official language(s)	115	50	65	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	965	475	495	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	1,435	730	705	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	273,000	135,220	137,780	470	230	235
Single responses	263,665	130,495	133,170	460	230	235
Official languages	236,510	116,775	119,730	425	210	220
English	235,505	116,295	119,215	425	210	220
French	1,005	480	520	0	0	0
Non-official languages	27,155	13,720	13,435	35	20	15
Indigenous languages³⁹	110	45	65	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	80	35	45	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	70	25	40	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	70	25	40	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Assiniboine	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dakota	10	5	5	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	27,050	13,675	13,370	35	20	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,100	1,015	1,080	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	420	195	220	0	0	0
Bilen	65	35	25	0	0	0
Oromo	45	20	25	0	0	0
Somali	290	135	155	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,685	820	865	0	0	0
Amharic	70	30	45	0	0	0
Arabic	1,230	595	630	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	355	180	175	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,285	635	655	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,275	630	645	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	4,830	2,340	2,490	5	5	5
Bikol	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	135	65	70	0	0	0
Cebuano	235	115	120	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	40	15	20	0	0	0
Ilocano	185	90	95	0	0	0
Indonesian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kankanaey	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	50	25	20	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	4,095	1,980	2,115	5	5	5
Waray-Waray	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	5	0	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	750	395	355	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	455	245	220	0	0	0
Tamil	125	65	65	0	0	0
Telugu	135	75	60	0	0	0
Tulu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	12,775	6,675	6,095	10	5	5
Albanian	85	40	45	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,230	610	625	0	0	0
Baltic languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
Latvian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,210	595	615	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	95	45	55	0	0	0
Russian	570	280	290	0	0	0
Rusyn	10	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	145	70	80	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Croatian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Serbian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	340	175	170	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	470	225	245	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	335	160	175	0	0	0
German	335	160	175	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
Afrikaans	100	55	55	0	0	0
Dutch	10	10	5	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	240	115	130	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	9,870	5,260	4,610	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	9,320	4,980	4,330	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	970	505	465	0	0	0
Gujarati	1,995	1,105	890	0	0	0
Hindi	850	485	365	0	0	0
Kacchi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	5	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	20	0	0	0
Nepali	270	135	135	0	0	0
Oriya languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,330	1,795	1,540	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	1,750	880	870	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	65	40	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	555	275	275	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	35	15	20	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	110	60	50	0	0	0
Persian languages	395	195	200	0	0	0
Dari	120	65	55	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	235	110	125	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	40	20	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	860	420	440	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Portuguese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Romanian	75	35	40	0	0	0
Spanish	650	320	330	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	10	30	0	0	0
Korean	420	195	225	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	480	235	240	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Éwé	0	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	15	10	10	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	50	25	25	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	35	25	10	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	5	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	70	30	35	0	0	0
Shona	15	10	10	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	95	50	50	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	10	5	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	110	50	60	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	15	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	110	60	50	0	0	0
Dinka	40	20	20	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	30	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	85	50	35	0	0	0
American Sign Language	65	40	25	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	3,925	1,940	1,990	10	5	5
Chinese languages	3,515	1,730	1,785	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	2,595	1,295	1,305	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	815	390	425	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	55	25	35	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	405	210	200	0	0	0
Burmese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	335	170	160	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	280	140	135	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	50	30	25	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	75	35	35	0	0	0
Lao	60	30	30	0	0	0
Thai	15	5	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	80	40	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	70	40	35	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	9,335	4,730	4,610	5	0	5
English and French	355	175	175	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	8,650	4,395	4,255	5	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	55	25	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	85	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	190	85	100	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	273,000	135,220	137,775	470	230	240
None	241,530	119,505	122,030	420	210	210
English	11,430	5,765	5,660	15	10	5
French	1,920	895	1,025	5	0	0
Non-official language	12,975	6,405	6,575	20	5	20
Indigenous³⁹	640	270	370	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	12,335	6,130	6,205	20	5	15
English and French	130	65	65	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	2,780	1,465	1,315	0	5	0
French and non-official language(s)	415	185	230	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	20	15	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	1,775	910	865	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	271,810	134,695	137,110	505	265	235
Official languages	268,840	133,380	135,460	505	265	235
English	268,710	133,310	135,395	505	265	235
French	15,120	7,020	8,095	20	15	10
Non-official languages	59,050	29,465	29,585	90	30	60
Indigenous languages³⁹	1,685	815	865	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	1,210	590	630	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	1,020	485	535	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	1,020	485	535	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	30	10	25	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	430	195	240	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	25	15	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	545	275	270	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	270	150	120	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	270	150	120	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	235	130	105	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	20	15	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	20	0	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	20	0	20	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	90	45	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	405	195	205	0	0	0
Assiniboine	110	65	50	0	0	0
Dakota	210	100	110	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	100	50	50	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	25	15	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	57,410	28,660	28,750	70	25	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	4,415	2,240	2,175	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	85	30	60	0	0	0
Hausa	85	30	60	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	850	415	430	0	0	0
Bilen	135	75	60	0	0	0
Oromo	55	15	40	0	0	0
Somali	615	300	315	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	40	30	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages	3,675	1,890	1,785	0	0	0
Amharic	355	175	180	0	0	0
Arabic	2,690	1,410	1,280	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	115	50	65	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	85	40	50	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	295	170	125	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	670	335	330	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	2,145	1,030	1,115	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	75	45	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	2,065	980	1,085	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10,370	4,955	5,415	35	15	20
Bikol	120	50	75	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	270	135	135	0	0	0
Cebuano	650	300	350	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	160	75	85	0	0	0
Ilocano	1,090	510	580	0	0	0
Indonesian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Kankanaey	55	25	30	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	60	45	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	175	95	90	0	0	0
Pangasinan	45	25	15	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10,050	4,780	5,270	35	15	20
Waray-Waray	100	60	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	355	185	165	0	0	0
Creole languages	365	185	185	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	30	20	10	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	70	40	35	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	80	35	40	0	0	0
Sango	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	100	50	55	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	60	30	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,665	865	805	0	0	0
Kannada	80	35	40	0	0	0
Malayalam	920	470	450	0	0	0
Tamil	440	255	185	0	0	0
Telugu	400	215	185	0	0	0
Tulu	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	28,730	14,680	14,050	15	0	15
Albanian	265	150	115	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	3,980	1,885	2,100	0	0	0
Baltic languages	80	40	35	0	0	0
Latvian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages	3,940	1,865	2,075	0	0	0
Belarusian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Czech	60	30	35	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	430	200	235	0	0	0
Russian	1,700	820	880	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	635	325	310	0	0	0
Bosnian	170	85	80	0	0	0
Croatian	310	170	135	0	0	0
Serbian	275	140	140	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Slovak	50	20	30	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	60	30	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,845	845	1,005	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	15	20	0	0	0
Irish	20	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,950	1,495	1,455	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
High German languages	2,125	1,050	1,080	0	0	0
German	2,100	1,040	1,060	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	665	380	280	0	0	0
Afrikaans	255	165	90	0	0	0
Dutch	325	185	140	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	55	20	35	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	30	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	190	85	115	0	0	0
Danish	35	20	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	80	30	55	0	0	0
Swedish	75	35	40	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	810	425	385	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	17,495	9,240	8,255	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	16,600	8,745	7,860	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	1,835	930	910	0	0	0
Gujarati	3,350	1,865	1,485	0	0	0
Hindi	7,755	4,125	3,630	0	0	0
Kacchi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	45	25	20	0	0	0
Konkani	30	20	10	0	0	0
Marathi	260	130	130	0	0	0
Nepali	390	205	185	0	0	0
Oriya languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	20	0	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	6,085	3,235	2,845	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	40	20	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	45	25	15	0	0	0
Urdu	3,975	2,050	1,920	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	210	120	90	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,095	600	495	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	100	40	60	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	275	150	125	0	0	0
Persian languages	775	430	340	0	0	0
Dari	355	185	170	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	420	240	180	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	30	25	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,930	1,870	2,060	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	615	260	355	0	0	0
Portuguese	350	175	175	0	0	0
Romanian	230	120	105	0	0	0
Spanish	2,895	1,380	1,515	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Japanese	415	180	235	0	0	0
Korean	665	315	345	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	3,150	1,610	1,540	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	195	85	105	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	70	40	25	0	0	0
Éwé	35	25	15	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ga	75	55	25	0	0	0
Ganda	45	25	20	0	0	0
Gikuyu	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	535	285	245	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	155	75	80	0	0	0
Lingala	45	30	20	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	25	15	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	160	80	75	0	0	0
Shona	30	10	15	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Swahili	475	240	235	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	25	10	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	1,295	655	645	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	320	170	150	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	185	85	100	0	0	0
Dinka	55	25	30	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	130	60	65	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	360	190	170	0	0	0
American Sign Language	280	145	135	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	85	50	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	6,215	3,060	3,150	0	0	0
Chinese languages	5,475	2,730	2,745	0	0	0
Hakka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	4,235	2,110	2,125	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	70	35	35	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	15	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	1,645	810	835	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	685	305	380	0	0	0
Burmese	140	60	80	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	30	25	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	525	235	290	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	455	210	250	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	65	25	45	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	75	25	50	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	60	25	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	250	120	125	0	0	0
Lao	190	105	85	0	0	0
Thai	95	30	65	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	190	85	105	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	170	80	90	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	335	160	180	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	325	155	175	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	70	45	25	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	271,810	134,700	137,110	500	270	240
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	30,960	14,825	16,135	75	35	40
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	30,240	14,485	15,755	75	35	40
First Nations (North American Indian)	19,680	9,320	10,360	35	20	15
Métis	10,425	5,125	5,300	40	15	20
Inuk (Inuit)	140	45	95	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	405	180	225	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	315	160	150	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	240,845	119,870	120,980	425	235	190
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	271,810	134,700	137,110	500	270	240
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	18,225	8,635	9,590	35	20	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	253,580	126,060	127,520	465	250	215
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	111,465	...	...	185	...	...
Owner	77,480	...	...	170	...	...
Renter	32,925	...	...	15	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	1,065	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	111,465	...	...	185	...	...
Condominium	14,640	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	96,825	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	111,465	...	...	185	...	...
No bedrooms	530	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	11,660	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	27,095	...	...	15	...	...
3 bedrooms	38,300	...	...	75	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	33,875	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	111,465	...	...	185	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	29,700	...	...	20	...	...
5 rooms	17,140	...	...	15	...	...
6 rooms	15,890	...	...	30	...	...
7 rooms	14,670	...	...	40	...	...
8 or more rooms	34,070	...	...	90	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	111,465	...	...	185	...	...
One person or fewer per room	108,250	...	...	175	...	...
More than one person per room	3,220	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	111,465	...	...	185	...	...
Suitable	105,375	...	...	175	...	...
Not suitable	6,095	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	111,465	...	...	185	...	...
1960 or before	22,220	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	36,890	...	...	160	...	...
1981 to 1990	14,205	...	...	20	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,810	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	5,000	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	6,765	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	10,825	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	7,750	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	111,465	...	...	185	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	103,065	...	...	160	...	...
Major repairs needed	8,405	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	111,465	...	...	185	...	...
One-maintainer household	55,815	...	...	80	...	...
Two-maintainer household	51,205	...	...	100	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	4,450	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	111,465	...	...	185	...	...
15 to 24 years	4,160	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	17,715	...	...	15	...	...
35 to 44 years	22,455	...	...	45	...	...
45 to 54 years	18,555	...	...	30	...	...
55 to 64 years	20,890	...	...	40	...	...
65 to 74 years	15,810	...	...	25	...	...
75 to 84 years	8,260	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	3,625	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	108,290	...	...	185	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	88,520	...	...	160	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	19,770	...	...	25	...	...
30% to less than 100%	18,050	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	111,470	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	31,260	...	...	55	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	17,345	...	...	20	...	...
Not suitable only	4,750	...	...	10	...	...
Major repairs needed only	6,250	...	...	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	760	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	1,580	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	490	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	90	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	80,210	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	106,565	...	...	185	...	...
In core need	10,575	...	...	0	...	...
Not in core need	95,990	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	76,020	...	...	170	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	61.9	...	...	67.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.1	...	...	11.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,340	...	...	1,540	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,448	...	...	1,450	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	344,000	...	...	320,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	369,200	...	...	324,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	32,765	...	...	20	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	15.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	35.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	23.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,130	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,200	...	...	2,000	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,065	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	5.7	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	250	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	282	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	271,810	134,695	137,115	500	265	235
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	17,730	8,380	9,350	35	10	30
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	17,095	8,090	9,005	35	10	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	14,610	6,905	7,705	25	10	15
Métis single ancestry	2,430	1,180	1,255	15	0	15
Inuit single ancestry	55	10	45	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	635	285	345	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	620	270	345	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	14,075	6,845	7,235	50	25	20
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	13,325	6,510	6,820	50	25	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	7,405	3,600	3,810	15	10	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	5,825	2,870	2,955	30	15	15
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	95	35	55	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	755	335	420	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	695	315	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	40	10	25	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	240,000	119,470	120,530	415	230	190
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	271,805	134,695	137,110	505	265	235
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	243,075	120,095	122,975	490	265	230
Canadian citizens aged under 18	56,720	28,925	27,795	120	65	55
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	186,350	91,175	95,180	370	200	170
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	28,735	14,595	14,135	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	271,805	134,695	137,110	505	265	235
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	218,365	107,745	110,620	445	245	205
Immigrants⁸¹	47,185	23,440	23,740	55	20	35
Before 1980	4,290	2,100	2,185	15	0	10
1980 to 1990	1,965	1,000	965	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	2,940	1,365	1,570	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	9,655	4,695	4,960	25	10	15
2011 to 2021⁸²	28,335	14,275	14,060	0	0	0
2011 to 2015	13,125	6,730	6,395	0	0	0
2016 to 2021	15,210	7,545	7,665	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	6,265	3,510	2,755	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	47,185	23,445	23,745	55	25	30
Under 5 years	4,575	2,420	2,150	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	8,600	4,605	4,000	10	10	0
15 to 24 years	7,545	3,395	4,150	15	0	15
25 to 44 years	22,565	10,995	11,565	20	10	10
45 years and over	3,900	2,025	1,875	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	47,185	23,445	23,745	55	25	30
Americas	3,560	1,685	1,875	0	0	0
Brazil	110	55	50	0	0	0
Colombia	115	70	45	0	0	0
El Salvador	160	80	85	0	0	0
Guyana	75	35	35	0	0	0
Haiti	25	15	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	675	315	355	0	0	0
Mexico	340	180	160	0	0	0
Peru	30	10	25	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	85	30	50	0	0	0
United States of America	1,390	590	800	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	555	300	255	0	0	0
Europe	6,580	3,300	3,280	20	0	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	205	105	105	0	0	0
Croatia	220	125	100	0	0	0
France	125	50	75	0	0	0
Germany	560	265	290	0	0	0
Greece	275	165	110	0	0	0
Hungary	130	65	65	0	0	0
Italy	305	140	165	0	0	0
Netherlands	260	170	90	0	0	0
Poland	255	105	145	0	0	0
Portugal	35	15	25	0	0	0
Romania	190	90	100	0	0	0
Russian Federation	210	95	115	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	95	50	45	0	0	0
Ukraine	925	420	500	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	1,850	930	920	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	935	505	430	0	0	0
Africa	6,400	3,330	3,070	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	230	115	110	0	0	0
Egypt	345	175	170	0	0	0
Eritrea	425	220	205	0	0	0
Ethiopia	325	130	195	0	0	0
Morocco	40	25	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	2,255	1,175	1,075	0	0	0
Somalia	345	165	180	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	380	215	165	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	2,045	1,105	940	0	0	0
Asia	30,450	15,050	15,400	25	10	10
Afghanistan	260	125	135	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	255	160	100	0	0	0
Iraq	190	95	90	0	0	0
Lebanon	75	55	15	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	640	290	355	0	0	0
Turkey	90	45	50	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	2,950	1,385	1,565	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	260	130	130	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	420	190	225	0	0	0
Taiwan	55	25	25	0	0	0
Philippines	10,135	4,855	5,280	25	10	10
Viet Nam	1,425	645	780	0	0	0
Bangladesh	1,255	670	585	0	0	0
India	7,535	3,915	3,620	0	0	0
Pakistan	2,660	1,340	1,315	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	65	45	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	2,190	1,090	1,105	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	190	75	115	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	15,215	7,545	7,665	0	0	0
Americas	835	410	420	0	0	0
Brazil	50	30	20	0	0	0
Colombia	15	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	240	135	110	0	0	0
Mexico	115	60	55	0	0	0
United States of America	280	115	170	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	110	60	45	0	0	0
Europe	845	490	360	0	0	0
France	25	15	10	0	0	0
Germany	30	0	20	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	75	50	25	0	0	0
Italy	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	35	15	25	0	0	0
Ukraine	180	80	105	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	195	130	65	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	300	195	110	0	0	0
Africa	2,785	1,445	1,345	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	25	10	20	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	45	30	15	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	25	15	10	0	0	0
Egypt	165	80	85	0	0	0
Eritrea	215	105	110	0	0	0
Ethiopia	95	30	60	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	1,415	765	655	0	0	0
Somalia	75	35	40	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	110	65	40	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	110	55	55	0	0	0
Tunisia	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	470	230	235	0	0	0
Asia	10,710	5,190	5,520	0	0	0
Afghanistan	105	40	65	0	0	0
Bangladesh	490	245	250	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	1,215	605	610	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	20	0	15	0	0	0
India	3,990	1,985	2,005	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	40	20	20	0	0	0
Iraq	45	20	25	0	0	0
Israel	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	20	0	0	0
Jordan	60	35	30	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	90	30	55	0	0	0
Lebanon	40	30	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	790	400	395	0	0	0
Philippines	2,440	1,145	1,295	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	135	75	65	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	15	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	555	260	300	0	0	0
Turkey	35	15	20	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	55	20	35	0	0	0
Viet Nam	320	130	190	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	220	110	110	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	35	10	25	0	0	0
Australia	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	15	0	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	271,810	134,700	137,110	505	270	235
First generation¹⁰⁰	54,775	27,520	27,255	50	25	30
Second generation¹⁰¹	33,430	16,145	17,285	65	30	35
Third generation or more¹⁰²	183,600	91,035	92,570	385	210	170
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	42,890	21,340	21,555	40	15	25
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	29,735	15,300	14,435	30	10	20
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	12,165	7,715	4,445	15	0	0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	17,570	7,585	9,980	15	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	7,745	3,230	4,510	10	0	0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	5,340	2,765	2,570	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	80	40	35	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	42,890	21,340	21,555	40	15	25
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	555	315	235	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	5,245	2,845	2,400	0	0	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	1,330	700	625	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	3,655	2,170	1,480	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	205	90	115	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	31,910	15,215	16,695	35	15	25
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	271,810	134,700	137,110	500	270	240
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	58,680	29,640	29,035	75	40	40
South Asian	19,545	10,225	9,320	0	0	0
Chinese	6,055	3,080	2,985	0	0	0
Black	10,000	5,140	4,860	0	0	0
Filipino	12,405	5,935	6,470	55	30	25
Arab	2,010	1,040	970	0	0	0
Latin American	1,430	690	735	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	3,580	1,750	1,830	0	0	0
West Asian	935	500	430	0	0	0
Korean	635	290	350	0	0	0
Japanese	285	125	155	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	445	195	245	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	1,355	670	685	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	213,130	105,050	108,075	430	230	200
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	271,810	134,695	137,110	505	265	235
Canadian	24,290	12,290	12,000	40	20	25
English	52,865	25,785	27,080	90	40	50
Irish	36,705	17,480	19,225	40	30	10
Scottish	43,455	21,300	22,155	70	40	30
French, n.o.s.¹²²	23,300	11,320	11,980	40	20	25
German	71,780	35,405	36,380	205	130	70
Chinese	6,635	3,300	3,335	0	0	0
Italian	3,525	1,720	1,800	0	0	0
Indian (India)	9,600	5,090	4,510	0	0	0
Ukrainian	32,055	15,485	16,570	45	30	15
Dutch	5,885	2,885	3,005	30	20	10
Polish	14,070	6,800	7,270	50	20	35
Québécois	180	85	95	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	6,150	3,070	3,080	40	10	30
Filipino	11,225	5,390	5,835	40	20	20
French Canadian	1,255	650	605	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	3,445	1,840	1,605	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	10,430	4,975	5,460	10	10	0
Métis	9,595	4,650	4,945	40	15	25
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	2,835	1,485	1,350	0	0	0
Russian	7,770	3,770	3,995	15	15	0
Norwegian	12,460	6,025	6,435	40	25	15
Welsh	4,520	2,165	2,360	10	10	0
Portuguese	460	235	220	0	0	0
American	2,855	1,470	1,385	0	0	0
Spanish	1,700	745	950	0	0	0
Swedish	6,520	3,095	3,425	30	15	10
Hungarian	10,180	5,025	5,160	25	0	20
Acadian	180	95	90	0	0	0
Pakistani	2,940	1,500	1,445	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	1,745	920	825	0	0	0
Jewish	775	410	365	0	0	0
Punjabi	1,970	1,030	940	0	0	0
Vietnamese	2,100	1,030	1,070	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	1,005	530	475	0	0	0
Greek	1,420	755	660	0	0	0
Jamaican	1,025	475	555	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	2,130	1,045	1,085	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	6,285	2,945	3,335	0	0	0
Korean	655	305	345	0	0	0
Romanian	5,665	2,740	2,925	15	10	10
Lebanese	320	160	160	0	0	0
Iranian	415	235	180	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	635	335	300	0	0	0
Danish	2,625	1,225	1,400	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	2,295	1,065	1,230	0	0	0
Sikh	1,195	655	540	0	0	0
Austrian	7,490	3,710	3,780	35	30	10
Belgian	2,110	1,095	1,015	25	15	10
Haitian	55	35	20	0	0	0
Hindu	1,330	690	640	0	0	0
Mexican	605	315	290	0	0	0
Mennonite	880	430	445	0	0	0
Swiss	1,040	510	530	0	0	0
Finnish	1,035	505	525	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	100	60	40	0	0	0
Croatian	690	350	340	0	0	0
Japanese	425	190	235	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	425	210	215	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	145	60	85	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	1,430	735	695	0	0	0
Muslim	630	340	290	0	0	0
Egyptian	400	215	185	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	185	80	100	0	0	0
Tamil	120	65	50	0	0	0
Icelandic	1,595	680	910	0	0	0
Colombian	165	80	80	0	0	0
Moroccan	45	30	10	0	0	0
Czech	1,290	625	670	0	0	0
Syrian	485	200	285	0	0	0
Guyanese	130	45	80	0	0	0
Afghan	460	240	225	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	225	105	125	0	0	0
Serbian	560	275	285	0	0	0
Ojibway	525	225	300	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	150	60	90	0	0	0
Hong Konger	125	60	65	0	0	0
Ontarian	125	55	75	0	0	0
Persian	170	100	70	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	150	85	60	0	0	0
Turkish	225	125	105	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	210	80	135	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	1,270	670	600	0	0	0
Algerian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Brazilian	225	115	115	0	0	0
Nigerian	1,450	780	670	0	0	0
Armenian	75	25	50	0	0	0
Slovak	430	255	170	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	520	245	275	0	0	0
Somali	665	290	375	0	0	0
Taiwanese	65	50	15	0	0	0
Iraqi	175	90	85	0	0	0
Salvadorean	165	85	75	0	0	0
African Caribbean	165	95	70	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	365	180	190	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	235	110	120	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	125	70	60	0	0	0
Algonquin	35	20	15	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	65	40	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	265	130	140	0	0	0
South African	305	175	130	0	0	0
Australian	335	195	140	0	0	0
Palestinian	60	25	40	0	0	0
Chilean	330	190	140	0	0	0
Congolese	140	90	55	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	355	165	195	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	115	40	70	0	0	0
Peruvian	55	15	45	0	0	0
Yoruba	1,155	600	560	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	95	50	45	0	0	0
Berber	15	0	10	0	0	0
Albanian	210	125	85	0	0	0
Maltese	75	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Slovenian	160	70	90	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	205	115	85	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	30	0	30	0	0	0
Gujarati	485	240	240	0	0	0
Eritrean	640	340	305	0	0	0
African Canadian	140	80	65	0	0	0
Israeli	90	45	50	0	0	0
Mohawk	40	25	20	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	580	250	330	0	0	0
Bulgarian	65	25	35	0	0	0
Albertan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Ghanaian	235	105	130	0	0	0
Barbadian	110	55	50	0	0	0
African American	285	155	130	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	210	85	125	0	0	0
Tunisian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	160	65	90	0	0	0
Cuban	35	20	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	240	110	125	0	0	0
Venezuelan	80	35	45	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	105	55	50	0	0	0
Bengali	450	225	225	0	0	0
Cameroonian	75	30	45	0	0	0
Guatemalan	35	25	10	0	0	0
Indonesian	110	40	70	0	0	0
Laotian	345	190	155	0	0	0
Ilocano	405	205	200	0	0	0
Northern Irish	120	70	50	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	100	60	40	0	0	0
British Columbian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	45	35	15	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Estonian	65	20	50	0	0	0
Kurdish	80	35	45	0	0	0
Fijian	70	30	30	0	0	0
Jatt	110	60	40	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	60	35	25	0	0	0
Coptic	55	35	20	0	0	0
Thai	185	80	105	0	0	0
Dominican	65	30	30	0	0	0
Nepali	285	155	130	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Igbo	595	320	280	0	0	0
Byelorussian	100	50	50	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	110	55	55	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	100	65	40	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	130	65	60	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	25	10	15	0	0	0
New Zealander	95	55	40	0	0	0
Sudanese	245	125	125	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	190	90	100	0	0	0
Malaysian	55	35	25	0	0	0
Plains Cree	900	415	485	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	20	15	10	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	1,665	785	880	0	0	0
Buddhist	35	20	20	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	35	15	20	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	115	40	75	0	0	0
Ivorian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Saulteaux	2,185	1,005	1,180	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	145	65	75	0	0	0
Burundian	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tigrinya	185	100	85	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	40	20	20	0	0	0
Mauritian	75	50	30	0	0	0
Kenyan	115	55	65	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	55	45	10	0	0	0
Manitoban	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	135	75	60	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	190	105	90	0	0	0
Chaldean	30	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhalese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mayan	35	20	15	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	145	75	75	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	100	45	50	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	10	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	95	45	50	0	0	0
Malay	115	60	55	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	25	15	10	0	0	0
Burmese	210	100	110	0	0	0
Mongolian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	100	60	45	0	0	0
Oromo	45	15	30	0	0	0
Tanzanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	0	10	0	0	0
Central African	30	20	10	0	0	0
Libyan	40	20	20	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	45	30	15	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	15	10	0	0	0	0
Igorot	170	85	80	0	0	0
Fulani	15	15	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	65	30	30	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	60	30	35	0	0	0
Roma	45	25	20	0	0	0
Costa Rican	15	0	15	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	45	30	15	0	0	0
Singaporean	45	25	15	0	0	0
Karen	485	250	235	0	0	0
Edo	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tajik	20	10	10	0	0	0
Amhara	25	25	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	271,810	134,700	137,110	500	270	240
Buddhist	1,815	870	945	0	0	0
Christian	145,570	68,540	77,030	310	165	150
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	20,950	10,170	10,775	50	20	30
Anabaptist	525	225	300	0	0	0
Anglican	5,940	2,725	3,215	10	10	0
Baptist	3,260	1,515	1,750	0	0	0
Catholic	65,505	31,475	34,030	195	100	95
Christian Orthodox	4,165	2,060	2,100	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	1,035	480	555	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	735	380	355	0	0	0
Lutheran	14,235	6,615	7,620	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	405	180	225	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	3,420	1,575	1,850	0	0	0
Presbyterian	1,060	500	560	0	0	0
Reformed	180	100	80	0	0	0
United Church	17,860	7,630	10,230	35	20	10
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	6,300	2,915	3,385	0	0	0
Hindu	6,600	3,500	3,100	0	0	0
Jewish	370	220	155	0	0	0
Muslim	10,460	5,295	5,175	0	0	0
Sikh	4,450	2,310	2,140	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	2,725	1,220	1,505	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	1,820	820	1,000	35	15	15
No religion and secular perspectives	97,990	51,925	46,070	155	90	70
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	268,775	133,125	135,650	505	265	235
Non-movers	231,715	114,880	116,840	430	230	200
Movers	37,055	18,245	18,810	70	30	40
Non-migrants	26,475	12,975	13,500	45	25	25
Migrants	10,585	5,275	5,305	0	0	0
Internal migrants	8,095	4,005	4,090	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	5,590	2,700	2,890	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	2,505	1,305	1,195	0	0	0
External migrants	2,485	1,270	1,215	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	255,385	126,450	128,935	480	270	215
Non-movers	152,490	75,740	76,750	330	190	130
Movers	102,895	50,715	52,185	155	75	85
Non-migrants	56,190	27,620	28,570	120	60	65
Migrants	46,700	23,085	23,615	35	15	20
Internal migrants	31,865	15,665	16,195	35	15	20
Intraprovincial migrants	24,005	11,820	12,185	20	10	10
Interprovincial migrants	7,860	3,845	4,015	15	10	10
External migrants	14,835	7,420	7,420	0	0	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	219,290	107,910	111,385	395	210	185
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	34,335	19,015	15,320	70	40	35
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	184,955	88,890	96,060	325	175	155
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	144,975	71,815	73,160	275	150	125
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	13,175	8,115	5,060	35	25	15
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	131,800	63,705	68,095	240	130	110
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	219,290	107,910	111,380	400	215	185
No certificate, diploma or degree	30,960	16,615	14,345	60	35	25
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	69,720	35,180	34,540	130	65	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	118,610	56,115	62,490	205	115	90
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	61,050	30,310	30,735	130	85	45
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	19,305	14,090	5,205	60	50	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	7,600	4,225	3,375	15	10	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	11,705	9,870	1,835	50	40	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	32,530	12,640	19,885	50	20	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	9,220	3,575	5,645	20	10	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	57,560	25,805	31,755	80	30	45
Bachelor's degree	40,725	17,830	22,895	65	30	30
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,910	1,295	1,615	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,435	700	735	0	0	0
Master's degree	10,965	5,060	5,900	10	0	10
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	1,530	915	610	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	144,975	71,820	73,160	270	150	125
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,380	6,770	4,610	25	20	10
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	41,250	21,630	19,620	85	45	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	92,340	43,420	48,925	165	90	75
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45,010	22,725	22,285	95	60	30
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	14,535	10,740	3,800	40	25	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	5,585	3,165	2,425	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	8,945	7,570	1,375	30	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	24,415	9,600	14,815	45	20	25
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,060	2,390	3,670	10	10	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	47,330	20,690	26,640	70	30	40
Bachelor's degree	33,160	14,260	18,900	60	30	30
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,325	1,010	1,315	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,225	545	675	0	0	0
Master's degree	9,475	4,215	5,260	0	0	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	1,145	655	490	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	219,290	107,910	111,380	395	215	180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	100,680	51,795	48,890	190	100	95
Education	9,700	2,515	7,185	35	10	20
13. Education	9,700	2,515	7,185	35	10	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,845	1,265	1,575	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	400	270	130	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,445	995	1,445	0	0	0
Humanities	5,055	2,015	3,040	10	10	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	395	105	290	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	1,210	370	845	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,340	450	890	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	95	30	70	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	420	195	230	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	825	485	335	0	0	0
54. History	665	365	300	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	105	10	90	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10,550	3,900	6,650	10	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	225	50	175	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,230	550	680	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,605	110	1,495	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,565	720	840	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	190	85	105	0	0	0
42. Psychology	2,220	605	1,615	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	3,525	1,780	1,745	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	29,070	10,960	18,110	25	15	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	35	10	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	2,680	735	1,940	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	26,365	10,215	16,150	25	15	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,470	1,640	1,830	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,370	590	780	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	770	325	440	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	45	10	35	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,055	655	400	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	230	65	175	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	5,890	3,885	2,010	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	4,985	3,490	1,500	0	0	0
25. Library science	230	45	185	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	590	305	290	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	80	45	35	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	24,465	22,235	2,225	65	55	10
04. Architecture and related services	605	395	210	0	0	0
14. Engineering	5,650	4,535	1,115	0	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	4,800	4,320	485	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	6,450	6,270	175	25	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,365	4,290	75	20	20	0
48. Precision production	2,595	2,430	170	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,645	1,675	975	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	2,140	1,320	820	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	505	355	150	0	0	0
Health and related fields	18,795	3,480	15,315	30	10	25
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	1,355	655	700	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	16,975	2,585	14,395	30	10	25
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	45	15	30	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	420	225	200	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	6,115	2,545	3,570	15	10	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	3,850	790	3,060	10	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	25	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,390	940	445	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	845	785	60	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	144,970	71,815	73,155	275	150	120
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	52,635	28,400	24,235	110	60	50
Education	6,520	1,615	4,905	25	10	15
13. Education	6,520	1,615	4,905	25	10	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,285	1,015	1,265	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	280	195	80	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,005	820	1,185	0	0	0
Humanities	3,730	1,445	2,280	10	10	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	280	75	210	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	925	285	640	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,070	370	695	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	70	20	45	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	310	130	190	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	525	315	205	0	0	0
54. History	485	245	235	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	65	0	60	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	8,615	3,035	5,575	10	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	195	40	155	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,075	505	570	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,345	110	1,240	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,245	520	725	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	150	60	90	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,660	395	1,270	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,940	1,405	1,535	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	23,455	8,725	14,735	30	10	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	10	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	2,170	555	1,615	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	21,255	8,160	13,095	30	10	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,770	1,255	1,515	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,085	425	660	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	600	240	360	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	35	10	25	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	880	535	345	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	170	50	120	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	4,940	3,240	1,705	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	4,295	2,990	1,305	0	0	0
25. Library science	175	30	140	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	405	180	225	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	70	35	35	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	19,070	17,145	1,925	45	35	10
04. Architecture and related services	470	270	195	0	0	0
14. Engineering	4,680	3,695	990	0	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	3,750	3,320	430	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	4,880	4,745	130	20	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,290	3,245	45	10	10	0
48. Precision production	2,000	1,870	130	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,000	1,180	820	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	1,585	890	690	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	415	285	135	0	0	0
Health and related fields	14,140	2,740	11,400	25	0	20
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	990	485	505	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	12,765	2,080	10,690	25	0	20
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	30	10	20	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	350	170	180	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,815	2,015	2,800	10	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	3,000	635	2,365	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,120	735	380	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	685	635	50	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	144,970	71,815	73,155	275	150	120
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	52,635	28,400	24,235	110	60	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	92,345	43,415	48,930	160	90	75
Location of study inside Canada	73,285	34,190	39,095	145	85	65
Same as province or territory of residence	60,795	27,940	32,855	110	60	50
Different than province or territory of residence	12,490	6,255	6,235	35	20	15
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	19,055	9,225	9,835	20	0	15
Americas	2,030	1,025	1,005	0	0	0
United States of America	1,535	820	715	0	0	0
Mexico	80	35	50	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	120	45	75	0	0	0
Brazil	105	55	45	0	0	0
Colombia	35	10	25	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	15	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	120	50	75	0	0	0
Europe	2,040	1,130	910	0	0	0
Belgium	20	15	0	0	0	0
France	50	25	20	0	0	0
Germany	95	60	35	0	0	0
Netherlands	45	40	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	20	0	10	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	35	15	15	0	0	0
Poland	30	10	15	0	0	0
Romania	30	10	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	115	60	50	0	0	0
Ukraine	455	210	245	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	115	60	55	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	665	425	245	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	45	25	25	0	0	0
Italy	30	15	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	280	125	150	0	0	0
Africa	1,725	870	850	0	0	0
Nigeria	930	470	455	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	15	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	135	60	75	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	170	90	75	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	475	235	240	0	0	0
Asia	13,040	6,070	6,970	15	0	10
Iran⁸⁸	180	90	95	0	0	0
Iraq	40	20	20	0	0	0
Israel	50	20	30	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	10	10	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	50	20	25	0	0	0
Turkey	30	15	15	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	1,185	540	645	0	0	0
Taiwan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	55	15	40	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	190	70	120	0	0	0
Philippines	4,435	1,945	2,495	15	0	10
Viet Nam	345	165	175	0	0	0
Bangladesh	575	265	305	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	35	20	15	0	0	0
India	4,535	2,245	2,295	0	0	0
Pakistan	995	470	525	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	300	150	145	0	0	0
Oceania	225	125	100	0	0	0
Australia	195	120	70	0	0	0
New Zealand	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	219,290	107,910	111,380	400	215	185
In the labour force	147,325	76,720	70,610	285	160	115
Employed	133,705	69,320	64,385	260	140	110
Unemployed	13,625	7,400	6,225	25	20	0
Not in the labour force	71,960	31,190	40,775	115	55	65
Participation rate	67.2	71.1	63.4	71.3	74.4	62.2
Employment rate	61.0	64.2	57.8	65.0	65.1	59.5
Unemployment rate	9.2	9.6	8.8	8.8	12.5	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	219,290	107,910	111,380	395	215	185
Did not work¹⁸⁶	73,555	32,675	40,880	130	65	65
Worked	145,735	75,235	70,500	270	150	120
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	83,715	45,545	38,170	135	80	55
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	62,020	29,690	32,330	135	70	65
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	42.7	41.7	42.4	44.0	40.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	147,325	76,720	70,610	280	160	120
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	3,930	2,080	1,850	15	15	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	143,400	74,640	68,760	270	145	120
Employee	125,135	63,410	61,725	230	135	95
Permanent position	103,800	53,190	50,610	185	105	75
Temporary position	21,335	10,220	11,120	45	25	20
Fixed term (1 year or more)	6,560	2,770	3,785	0	0	0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	14,780	7,445	7,330	40	20	15
Self-employed¹⁹²	18,270	11,230	7,035	35	10	25
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	147,325	76,720	70,610	280	160	120
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	3,930	2,080	1,850	15	15	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	143,400	74,640	68,760	270	145	120
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	1,750	1,065	685	10	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	26,545	8,245	18,300	45	10	35
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	10,575	8,050	2,525	10	10	0
3 Health occupations	12,430	2,260	10,165	15	0	15
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	18,800	6,610	12,190	40	15	25
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	3,235	1,385	1,850	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	35,840	16,555	19,290	60	35	25
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	24,930	22,970	1,960	70	65	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	5,235	3,935	1,295	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,060	3,555	505	10	10	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	147,325	76,720	70,610	280	160	120
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	3,930	2,080	1,850	15	15	0
All industries¹⁹¹	143,400	74,640	68,760	270	145	120
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	4,280	3,025	1,260	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,425	1,205	220	0	0	0
22 Utilities	2,340	1,470	865	0	0	0
23 Construction	10,975	9,575	1,400	35	35	0
31-33 Manufacturing	6,555	5,485	1,065	15	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	5,365	4,075	1,285	25	20	0
44-45 Retail trade	16,095	8,360	7,740	35	25	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	5,985	4,860	1,125	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	3,435	1,930	1,505	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	7,975	3,155	4,820	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	2,335	1,315	1,015	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	8,270	4,570	3,700	25	0	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	210	90	115	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	5,055	3,005	2,050	15	15	0
61 Educational services	10,225	3,310	6,915	35	10	20
62 Health care and social assistance	20,585	3,965	16,615	35	0	35
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	2,635	1,365	1,270	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	8,395	3,905	4,490	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	7,035	3,280	3,750	0	0	0
91 Public administration	14,220	6,685	7,540	20	10	10
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	155,835	80,495	75,345	285	160	130
English	150,680	78,040	72,630	270	150	120
French	435	140	290	0	0	0
Non-official language	615	295	325	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	610	295	320	0	0	0
English and French	1,280	470	815	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	2,710	1,480	1,230	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	40	25	10	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	155,835	80,495	75,345	285	160	130
Single responses	155,120	80,135	74,985	285	160	130
Official languages	154,120	79,595	74,520	285	160	130
English	153,335	79,370	73,965	285	160	130
French	780	225	555	0	0	0
Non-official languages	1,000	535	470	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	990	525	465	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	110	55	55	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	110	55	55	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	10	25	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	250	125	125	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	20	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	175	85	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	135	75	65	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	0	20	0	0	0
Hindi	15	15	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	45	30	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Dari	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	535	300	230	0	0	0
Chinese languages	510	285	220	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	380	215	165	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	115	65	50	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	20	10	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	715	360	360	0	0	0
English and French	145	60	90	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	560	300	260	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	155,835	80,495	75,345	285	160	130
None	152,330	78,765	73,565	270	150	120
English	655	280	380	0	0	0
French	810	330	480	0	0	0
Non-official language	1,575	870	700	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	75	30	50	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	1,495	840	655	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	45	20	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	50	30	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	370	195	175	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	133,705	69,320	64,385	255	145	115
Worked at home	28,085	12,965	15,115	55	25	35
Worked outside Canada	220	170	50	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	15,390	11,995	3,395	55	40	15
Usual place of work	90,015	44,185	45,825	150	80	65
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	90,015	44,185	45,825	150	85	65
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	71,750	33,900	37,850	135	65	65
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15,785	8,770	7,015	10	10	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,970	1,160	815	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	505	355	145	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	105,400	56,180	49,220	200	125	75
Car, truck or van	95,440	51,955	43,485	190	120	75
Car, truck or van - as a driver	88,700	49,885	38,815	185	120	65
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	6,740	2,075	4,665	10	0	10
Public transit	3,185	1,240	1,945	0	0	0
Walked	4,060	1,685	2,375	0	0	0
Bicycle	570	390	180	0	0	0
Other method	2,140	905	1,240	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	105,400	56,180	49,220	200	125	75
Less than 15 minutes	41,875	21,015	20,860	75	35	35
15 to 29 minutes	47,460	25,830	21,625	105	70	35
30 to 44 minutes	9,355	5,330	4,025	20	15	0
45 to 59 minutes	3,640	2,040	1,600	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	3,075	1,965	1,110	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	105,400	56,180	49,220	200	125	75
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,305	3,870	1,430	25	25	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	18,095	11,105	6,985	40	15	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	33,845	17,605	16,240	70	45	20
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	20,670	9,630	11,035	35	10	25
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	11,875	5,275	6,605	25	10	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	15,610	8,680	6,930	20	15	0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	63,120	32,320	30,800	100	50	50
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,420	2,245	2,175	15	5	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	58,700	30,075	28,625	85	45	40
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	45,365	23,355	22,005	70	40	30
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,375	1,730	1,640	10	10	0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	2,305	1,135	1,170	5	5	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	1,070	595	475	5	5	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	41,990	21,625	20,360	60	30	25

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 4, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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