Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24663246More information: Quebec [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	1,594	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,139	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	934	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	37,330.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.04	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	1,595	760	830
0 to 14 years	110	55	55
0 to 4 years	40	25	20
5 to 9 years	35	20	20
10 to 14 years	30	15	15
15 to 64 years	1,170	570	605
15 to 19 years	65	25	40
20 to 24 years	200	90	110
25 to 29 years	210	100	110
30 to 34 years	185	110	75
35 to 39 years	150	75	75
40 to 44 years	95	50	40
45 to 49 years	70	35	40
50 to 54 years	55	20	35
55 to 59 years	65	30	30
60 to 64 years	70	30	40
65 years and over	310	135	180
65 to 69 years	65	30	30
70 to 74 years	60	25	35
75 to 79 years	60	20	40
80 to 84 years	65	30	35
85 years and over	65	25	35
85 to 89 years	30	10	20
90 to 94 years	25	10	15
95 to 99 years	5	0	5
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	6.9	7.2	6.6
15 to 64 years	73.4	75.0	72.9
65 years and over	19.4	17.8	21.7
85 years and over	4.1	3.3	4.2
Average age of the population	41.8	40.7	42.8
Median age of the population	35.6	34.8	36.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	930	...	...
Single-detached house	5	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	925	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	935	...	...
1 person	485	...	...
2 persons	305	...	...
3 persons	95	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,595	760	835
Average household size	1.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,485	700	780
Married or living common-law	645	315	330
Married	475	225	250
Living common-law	170	90	80
Living common law - Never married	140	70	65
Living common law - Separated	5	5	0
Living common law - Divorced	20	10	10
Living common law - Widowed	5	5	0
Not married and not living common-law	840	385	450
Not married and not living common law - Never married	665	335	335
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	0	10
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	100	40	60
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	55	10	45
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	355	...	...
2 persons	240	...	...
3 persons	75	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	355	...	...
Total couple families	305	...	...
Married couples	220	...	...
With children⁶	90	...	...
Without children	130	...	...
Common-law couples	85	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...
Without children	80	...	...
Total one-parent families	55	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	45	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	1,595	760	835
Total - Persons in census families	870	415	455
Married spouses or common-law partners	610	305	300
Parents in one-parent families	50	5	45
Children⁶	215	100	110
In a two-parent family	145	75	75
In a one-parent family	65	30	40
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	720	345	375
Living alone	485	220	270
Living with other relatives⁷	100	45	50
Living with non-relatives only	140	80	55
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	935	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	335	...	...
Couple-family households	290	...	...
With children⁶	95	...	...
Without children	195	...	...
One-parent-family households	45	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	95	...	...
One-person households	485	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,485	700	785
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,380	665	720
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	41,200	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,380	665	720
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	37,200	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,275	610	665
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,000	37,200	25,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	940	490	450
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,000	32,800	24,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,155	525	620
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,600	6,600	8,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	95	50	45
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,600	5,600	5,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	440	225	215
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	9,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,480	665	810
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,380	650	730
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,300	60,200	47,100
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,380	650	730
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,400	48,400	38,900
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,270	625	645
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,700	55,000	42,500
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	925	515	405
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,000	50,800	42,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,145	495	650
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,280	9,640	10,780
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	125	60	60
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,800	4,400	9,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	390	205	180
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,280	9,800	8,700
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,480	670	810
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	385	220	170
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	65,500	72,000	59,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	82,400	94,000	66,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	420	255	170
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	12,300	13,900	10,500
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,000	19,800	20,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	84.0	88.0	79.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	58.8	67.0	49.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.0	12.2	20.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	0.7	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.4	5.5	5.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.9	5.2	4.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,480	705	780
Without total income	100	40	65
With total income	1,385	660	720
Under $10,000 (including loss)	195	80	115
$10,000 to $19,999	140	65	80
$20,000 to $29,999	225	100	125
$30,000 to $39,999	160	75	80
$40,000 to $49,999	155	75	75
$50,000 to $59,999	105	50	55
$60,000 to $69,999	95	40	50
$70,000 to $79,999	70	30	40
$80,000 to $89,999	50	25	25
$90,000 to $99,999	40	20	20
$100,000 and over	145	95	50
$100,000 to $149,999	90	60	30
$150,000 and over	55	35	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,480	705	780
Without after-tax income	100	40	65
With after-tax income	1,385	660	720
Under $10,000 (including loss)	205	80	120
$10,000 to $19,999	155	70	90
$20,000 to $29,999	250	115	135
$30,000 to $39,999	185	80	100
$40,000 to $49,999	190	95	90
$50,000 to $59,999	130	55	70
$60,000 to $69,999	80	40	35
$70,000 to $79,999	55	25	30
$80,000 to $89,999	40	25	20
$90,000 to $99,999	20	15	0
$100,000 and over	80	50	30
$100,000 to $124,999	35	25	15
$125,000 and over	45	25	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,480	705	780
Without employment income	545	215	330
With employment income	940	495	450
Under $5,000 (including loss)	165	75	90
$5,000 to $9,999	100	50	50
$10,000 to $19,999	130	65	65
$20,000 to $29,999	75	40	35
$30,000 to $39,999	65	35	30
$40,000 to $49,999	75	40	35
$50,000 to $59,999	55	25	30
$60,000 to $69,999	60	30	35
$70,000 to $79,999	65	35	30
$80,000 to $89,999	25	15	5
$90,000 to $99,999	35	20	15
$100,000 and over	90	65	30
$100,000 to $124,999	35	25	10
$125,000 and over	55	40	15
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,485	700	785
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,330	635	695
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,400	35,200	27,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,330	635	695
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,400	32,400	25,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,205	580	630
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,000	35,600	24,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	905	455	445
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,800	32,000	22,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,035	470	555
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,740	1,390	2,160
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	40	20	20
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,650	5,400	6,850
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,480	665	810
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,345	625	720
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,550	57,600	48,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,345	625	720
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,160	46,200	38,700
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,225	590	635
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,500	56,400	46,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	880	475	405
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,900	52,200	47,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,035	450	585
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,400	5,740	8,680
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	40	0	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,000	...	12,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,480	670	810
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	395	220	170
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,000	65,000	54,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	73,600	86,000	57,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	370	220	150
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,000	13,700	21,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,400	22,400	47,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	89.2	93.0	85.0
Employment income (%)	62.2	68.5	55.2
Government transfers (%)	10.8	7.2	14.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	x	0.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	935	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	52,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	485	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	445	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	955	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	62,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	495	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	55,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	455	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	81,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	935	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	45	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	55	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	75	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	85	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	75	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	55	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	45	...	...
$100,000 and over	200	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	70	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	45	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	40	...	...
$200,000 and over	55	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	935	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	55	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	55	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	55	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	115	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	85	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	70	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	135	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	55	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	30	...	...
$150,000 and over	50	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	395	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	195	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	100	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	45	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	620	300	325
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	38,800	36,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	35,600	33,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	405	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	190	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	105	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	55	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	52,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	615	290	325
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,000	46,400	51,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,200	39,200	41,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	1,595	760	830
0 to 17 years	140	60	80
0 to 5 years	55	30	20
18 to 64 years	1,140	565	580
65 years and over	315	135	180
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	415	185	230
0 to 17 years	30	15	15
0 to 5 years	10	10	0
18 to 64 years	335	145	185
65 years and over	45	20	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	25.9	23.8	27.8
0 to 17 years (%)	24.0	24.0	24.0
0 to 5 years (%)	20.0	25.0	16.0
18 to 64 years (%)	29.2	25.6	32.8
65 years and over (%)	14.8	16.0	14.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	1,595	760	835
0 to 17 years	140	65	75
0 to 5 years	50	30	25
18 to 64 years	1,145	565	575
65 years and over	310	130	180
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	310	145	165
0 to 17 years	20	10	5
0 to 5 years	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	270	120	145
65 years and over	20	15	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	19.6	19.2	19.8
0 to 17 years (%)	14.0	18.0	12.0
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	23.6	21.6	25.6
65 years and over (%)	7.2	10.0	5.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	1,595	760	830
In bottom half of the distribution	1,030	490	540
In bottom decile	370	170	195
In second decile	195	95	100
In third decile	190	90	100
In fourth decile	165	85	85
In fifth decile	110	55	55
In top half of the distribution	565	270	290
In sixth decile	145	65	85
In seventh decile	85	40	45
In eighth decile	110	50	60
In ninth decile	80	40	35
In top decile	140	70	75
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	1,595	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.463	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.561	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.403	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	8.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	1,595	765	835
English only	595	315	280
French only	70	25	40
English and French	915	415	500
Neither English nor French	20	10	10
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	1,595	765	835
English	1,020	500	520
French	385	180	205
English and French	175	70	100
Neither English nor French	20	10	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	1,595	765	835
Single responses	1,465	690	775
Official languages	755	355	395
English	445	210	235
French	310	150	160
Non-official languages	710	330	380
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	710	330	375
Afro-Asiatic languages	140	70	70
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	140	70	70
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	135	70	65
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	5
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	15	10	5
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	395	195	195
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	10	20
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	5
Russian	15	5	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	5	5
German	10	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	5
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	250	140	110
Indo-Aryan languages	70	40	25
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	20	15	5
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	180	95	90
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	180	95	90
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	170	85	85
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	10	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	35	45
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5
Portuguese	5	5	0
Romanian	10	0	10
Spanish	55	25	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5
Korean	15	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	30	50
Chinese languages	80	30	50
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	75	30	50
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	5	5	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	15	5	10
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	125	70	55
English and French	30	20	5
English and non-official language(s)	55	30	25
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	0	10
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	1,595	765	835
English	500	255	245
French	205	90	110
Non-official language	225	100	120
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	225	100	120
English and French	145	70	80
English and non-official language(s)	315	150	160
French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	150	65	85
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	1,595	765	835
Single responses	1,425	675	750
Official languages	995	485	515
English	705	350	355
French	295	135	155
Non-official languages	430	190	240
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	430	190	240
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	35	45
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	75	35	45
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	70	30	40
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	5
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	20	10	5
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	240	120	125
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	190	100	90
Indo-Aryan languages	40	25	20
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	145	80	70
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	145	80	70
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	135	75	60
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	10	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	5	0	5
Spanish	30	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	25	40
Chinese languages	65	25	40
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	60	25	40
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	5	5	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	165	85	80
English and French	45	20	25
English and non-official language(s)	85	40	40
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	15	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	1,590	760	835
None	1,050	520	530
English	190	85	110
French	90	40	55
Non-official language	125	60	60
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	125	60	60
English and French	35	10	20
English and non-official language(s)	30	10	15
French and non-official language(s)	40	15	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	15
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	1,580	740	850
Official languages	1,565	730	835
English	1,470	700	775
French	1,010	455	555
Non-official languages	1,075	490	585
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,075	490	585
Afro-Asiatic languages	330	140	190
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	330	140	190
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	310	130	180
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	10	15
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	60	35	30
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	25	0	15
Telugu	40	25	10
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	600	305	295
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	20
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	20	0	20
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	85	40	40
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	80	40	40
German	55	35	25
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	0	20
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	10	10	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	265	175	90
Indo-Aryan languages	105	70	35
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	55	45	10
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	60	35	25
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	15	15	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	160	105	55
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	160	105	55
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	150	100	50
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	240	90	150
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	90	50	35
Portuguese	15	0	10
Romanian	10	0	10
Spanish	170	60	115
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	20	55
Chinese languages	75	20	55
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	70	20	40
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	0	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	10	10
Azerbaijani	10	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	0	25
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,580	735	845
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	10	10	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,575	725	845
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,580	735	845
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,580	735	845
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	955	...	...
Owner	150	...	...
Renter	800	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	955	...	...
Condominium	315	...	...
Not condominium	640	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	955	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...
1 bedroom	515	...	...
2 bedrooms	380	...	...
3 bedrooms	35	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	955	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	825	...	...
5 rooms	85	...	...
6 rooms	20	...	...
7 rooms	15	...	...
8 or more rooms	10	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	955	...	...
One person or fewer per room	945	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	955	...	...
Suitable	860	...	...
Not suitable	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	955	...	...
1960 or before	170	...	...
1961 to 1980	560	...	...
1981 to 1990	120	...	...
1991 to 2000	45	...	...
2001 to 2005	20	...	...
2006 to 2010	15	...	...
2011 to 2015	15	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	955	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	860	...	...
Major repairs needed	100	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	955	...	...
One-maintainer household	645	...	...
Two-maintainer household	280	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	30	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	955	...	...
15 to 24 years	95	...	...
25 to 34 years	225	...	...
35 to 44 years	150	...	...
45 to 54 years	90	...	...
55 to 64 years	100	...	...
65 to 74 years	130	...	...
75 to 84 years	100	...	...
85 years and over	65	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	930	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	495	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	430	...	...
30% to less than 100%	330	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	955	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	550	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	360	...	...
Not suitable only	65	...	...
Major repairs needed only	60	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	35	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	400	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	830	...	...
In core need	100	...	...
Not in core need	730	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	155	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	35.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	27.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	940	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,440	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	340,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	480,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	805	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	49.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	12.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,450	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,600	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,585	735	845
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	15	0	10
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,565	735	835
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,580	735	845
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,115	495	615
Canadian citizens aged under 18	95	50	40
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,020	445	570
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	470	245	230
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,580	735	845
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	660	320	340
Immigrants⁸¹	650	265	390
Before 1980	80	40	40
1980 to 1990	75	40	30
1991 to 2000	120	35	90
2001 to 2010	150	50	95
2011 to 2021⁸²	230	100	125
2011 to 2015	70	35	35
2016 to 2021	155	65	95
Non-permanent residents⁸³	275	155	120
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	650	265	390
Under 5 years	55	25	25
5 to 14 years	100	50	55
15 to 24 years	90	45	45
25 to 44 years	320	120	205
45 years and over	80	20	55
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	650	265	390
Americas	80	20	55
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	10
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10
Europe	110	40	70
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	55	20	35
Germany	15	0	10
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	10
Africa	110	55	55
Algeria	25	15	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	20	15	10
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	35	20	15
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	15
Asia	355	145	205
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	90	35	55
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	10	15
Syria⁸⁹	55	15	40
Turkey	10	0	10
China⁹⁰	30	0	20
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	20	0	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	0
India	65	35	30
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	30	15
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	155	65	95
Americas	15	0	15
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	10
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	15	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	125	55	65
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	60	35	25
Iran⁸⁸	35	0	25
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	1,580	740	845
First generation¹⁰⁰	935	415	520
Second generation¹⁰¹	360	210	150
Third generation or more¹⁰²	280	110	170
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	570	225	345
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	415	190	230
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	195	80	115
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	225	105	120
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	100	35	75
Refugees¹⁰⁸	40	0	35
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	570	225	345
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	0	20
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	50	15	30
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	40	15	20
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	35	20	20
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	425	165	260
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	1,580	735	845
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	815	395	415
South Asian	200	115	80
Chinese	90	30	60
Black	35	25	15
Filipino	15	0	10
Arab	230	90	140
Latin American	30	0	25
Southeast Asian	10	0	0
West Asian	170	105	65
Korean	10	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	15	15	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	770	340	430
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	1,580	735	850
Canadian	85	35	50
English	75	35	40
Irish	90	30	55
Scottish	75	35	40
French, n.o.s.¹²²	155	60	95
German	30	25	10
Chinese	85	20	65
Italian	40	30	10
Indian (India)	125	70	55
Ukrainian	25	0	20
Dutch	0	0	0
Polish	25	20	10
Québécois	30	10	15
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0
Filipino	15	0	15
French Canadian	40	15	25
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	25	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	20	15	0
Russian	60	30	35
Norwegian	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	20	0
American	10	0	10
Spanish	25	0	15
Swedish	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	0	10
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10	10	0
Jewish	90	35	55
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	115	55	60
Greek	15	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	20	10	10
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	20	0	15
Lebanese	50	10	40
Iranian	85	35	50
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	20	10	10
Danish	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	10	0	10
Belgian	15	0	10
Haitian	10	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	20	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	30	20	10
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	20	15	10
Moroccan	50	20	30
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	50	0	40
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	70	65	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	25	0	20
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	25	15	10
Algerian	35	20	15
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	0	10
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	10	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	25	20	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	10
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	20	15	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	35	30	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	1,585	735	845
Buddhist	10	0	0
Christian	500	190	310
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	80	40	45
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	20	0	15
Baptist	0	0	0
Catholic	295	115	180
Christian Orthodox	35	0	30
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0
Presbyterian	20	0	15
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	20	20	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	20	0	20
Hindu	75	50	25
Jewish	145	60	90
Muslim	390	190	200
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	20	10	10
No religion and secular perspectives	450	245	210
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,570	730	840
Non-movers	1,220	580	640
Movers	350	145	200
Non-migrants	205	90	115
Migrants	150	60	90
Internal migrants	65	25	40
Intraprovincial migrants	20	10	10
Interprovincial migrants	45	20	25
External migrants	85	35	50
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	1,540	700	835
Non-movers	575	245	335
Movers	960	455	500
Non-migrants	345	155	190
Migrants	610	300	315
Internal migrants	205	100	100
Intraprovincial migrants	120	55	65
Interprovincial migrants	90	45	40
External migrants	405	200	205
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,480	670	810
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	100	35	65
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,375	625	745
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	880	445	430
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	25	15	10
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	860	430	425
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,480	665	810
No certificate, diploma or degree	90	30	60
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	200	75	130
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,185	565	615
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	220	90	125
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	45	25	20
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	45	20	20
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	110	55	55
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	65	15	40
Bachelor's degree or higher	965	475	490
Bachelor's degree	445	200	245
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	20	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	10	20
Master's degree	355	210	145
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	75	30	40
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	880	450	435
No certificate, diploma or degree	20	10	10
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	65	40	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	795	395	395
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	115	50	60
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	30	15	20
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	30	10	20
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	40	25	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	10	20
Bachelor's degree or higher	680	350	335
Bachelor's degree	270	120	145
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	15	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	0	15
Master's degree	310	185	120
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	50	20	30
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,475	670	810
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	295	100	195
Education	65	10	50
13. Education	65	10	50
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	75	30	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	75	30	45
Humanities	100	50	50
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	25
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	15	10	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	150	60	90
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	45	20	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	35	10	25
45. Social sciences	35	20	15
Business, management and public administration	275	140	130
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	265	140	125
Physical and life sciences and technologies	70	25	45
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	10	40
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	90	35	60
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	25	25
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	0	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	215	180	40
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	0
14. Engineering	170	135	35
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	115	40	80
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	105	25	80
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	25	10	15
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	20	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	880	445	435
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	90	45	35
Education	15	0	10
13. Education	15	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	15	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	15	15
Humanities	45	20	25
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	125	50	70
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	40	15	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	10	15
45. Social sciences	30	20	10
Business, management and public administration	175	80	90
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	170	80	85
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	20	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	0	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	25	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	25	25
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	175	140	35
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	155	125	35
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	100	35	70
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	95	30	70
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	0	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	880	445	435
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	90	45	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	795	400	395
Location of study inside Canada	465	265	200
Same as province or territory of residence	410	235	175
Different than province or territory of residence	50	30	25
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	330	130	200
Americas	40	0	35
United States of America	20	0	15
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	10
Europe	65	25	40
Belgium	0	0	0
France	25	10	15
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	10	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	20	0	15
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	205	95	105
Iran⁸⁸	70	45	30
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	10
China⁹⁰	15	0	15
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	60	40	20
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	15	0	10
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,480	665	810
In the labour force	890	480	410
Employed	770	425	345
Unemployed	120	55	70
Not in the labour force	585	185	400
Participation rate	60.1	72.2	50.6
Employment rate	52.0	63.9	42.6
Unemployment rate	13.5	11.5	17.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,475	670	810
Did not work¹⁸⁶	595	160	435
Worked	880	510	375
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	425	230	195
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	460	280	180
Average weeks worked in reference year	37.5	36.2	39.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	890	480	410
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	15	20
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	850	460	385
Employee	760	410	350
Permanent position	560	320	245
Temporary position	195	90	105
Fixed term (1 year or more)	120	45	75
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	80	45	35
Self-employed¹⁹²	95	55	35
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	890	480	410
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	15	20
All occupations¹⁹¹	850	460	385
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	30	20	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	200	95	105
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	135	95	35
3 Health occupations	70	20	55
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	135	60	65
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	50	15	35
6 Sales and service occupations	185	105	80
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	35	35	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	15	15	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	890	480	410
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	15	20
All industries¹⁹¹	850	460	385
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0
23 Construction	45	35	10
31-33 Manufacturing	40	30	10
41 Wholesale trade	20	15	0
44-45 Retail trade	80	55	25
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	15	0	10
51 Information and cultural industries	30	15	15
52 Finance and insurance	65	35	35
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	20	15	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	180	85	95
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	20	15	10
61 Educational services	120	60	55
62 Health care and social assistance	75	20	55
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	70	30	35
81 Other services (except public administration)	25	10	15
91 Public administration	10	10	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	940	515	425
English	420	260	160
French	120	60	55
Non-official language	15	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	0	0
English and French	355	185	170
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	0	20
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	940	515	425
Single responses	820	455	365
Official languages	815	450	360
English	580	345	235
French	230	110	120
Non-official languages	15	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	110	60	50
English and French	110	60	50
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	940	515	425
None	655	380	275
English	100	50	55
French	150	80	70
Non-official language	20	0	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	0	10
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	770	425	345
Worked at home	315	180	130
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	60	30	30
Usual place of work	395	210	180
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	390	215	180
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	335	185	150
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	25	10	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	450	245	210
Car, truck or van	165	90	80
Car, truck or van - as a driver	150	90	60
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	0	10
Public transit	115	60	55
Walked	145	85	65
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	20	15	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	450	245	210
Less than 15 minutes	85	55	25
15 to 29 minutes	165	95	70
30 to 44 minutes	145	75	70
45 to 59 minutes	45	15	30
60 minutes and over	20	0	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	450	245	210
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	15	15	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	35	20	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	105	45	55
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	150	85	65
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	110	55	60
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	35	15	20
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	140	70	75
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75	35	35
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	35	35
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	100	40	60
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	65	30	35
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	55	25	30
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35	10	25

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 9, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table