Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24663485More information: Quebec [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	2,412	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	909	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	880	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,705.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.89	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	2,415	1,160	1,255
0 to 14 years	480	230	250
0 to 4 years	105	45	55
5 to 9 years	155	80	75
10 to 14 years	215	100	115
15 to 64 years	1,680	810	875
15 to 19 years	205	105	100
20 to 24 years	125	70	60
25 to 29 years	155	75	80
30 to 34 years	150	70	75
35 to 39 years	160	70	90
40 to 44 years	190	85	105
45 to 49 years	215	100	115
50 to 54 years	180	95	85
55 to 59 years	170	80	90
60 to 64 years	130	60	70
65 years and over	260	130	130
65 to 69 years	100	50	45
70 to 74 years	70	35	30
75 to 79 years	50	20	25
80 to 84 years	30	15	20
85 years and over	15	5	5
85 to 89 years	10	5	10
90 to 94 years	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.9	19.8	19.9
15 to 64 years	69.6	69.8	69.7
65 years and over	10.8	11.2	10.4
85 years and over	0.6	0.4	0.4
Average age of the population	37.4	37.2	37.7
Median age of the population	38.4	37.2	38.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	880	...	...
Single-detached house	380	...	...
Semi-detached house	55	...	...
Row house	95	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	345	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	880	...	...
1 person	230	...	...
2 persons	220	...	...
3 persons	145	...	...
4 persons	175	...	...
5 or more persons	110	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,415	1,160	1,255
Average household size	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,940	935	1,005
Married or living common-law	1,165	580	590
Married	1,010	500	505
Living common-law	155	75	85
Living common law - Never married	125	55	70
Living common law - Separated	5	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	25	15	10
Living common law - Widowed	5	5	5
Not married and not living common-law	775	360	415
Not married and not living common law - Never married	580	310	270
Not married and not living common law - Separated	30	10	20
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	110	30	85
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	55	5	45
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	660	...	...
2 persons	245	...	...
3 persons	140	...	...
4 persons	185	...	...
5 or more persons	90	...	...
Average size of census families	3.2	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	655	...	...
Total couple families	570	...	...
Married couples	490	...	...
With children⁶	355	...	...
Without children	140	...	...
Common-law couples	80	...	...
With children⁶	25	...	...
Without children	55	...	...
Total one-parent families	90	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	70	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	20	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	2,415	1,165	1,255
Total - Persons in census families	2,115	1,035	1,080
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,140	565	575
Parents in one-parent families	85	20	65
Children⁶	885	450	440
In a two-parent family	745	385	365
In a one-parent family	140	65	75
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	300	125	170
Living alone	225	95	135
Living with other relatives⁷	50	15	30
Living with non-relatives only	25	15	10
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	880	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	590	...	...
Couple-family households	520	...	...
With children⁶	345	...	...
Without children	175	...	...
One-parent-family households	70	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	35	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	15	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	15	...	...
One-person households	225	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,940	935	1,000
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,825	875	950
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,200	49,600	45,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,825	875	950
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	42,400	40,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,670	815	855
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	46,400	39,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,450	730	720
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	48,800	43,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,405	620	785
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,200	8,000	8,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	180	100	85
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,640	5,480	6,500
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	600	320	280
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,920	920	1,005
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,800	845	955
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	63,100	71,600	55,500
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,800	845	955
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,720	52,700	45,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,640	780	860
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,150	69,400	51,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,395	685	710
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	61,900	69,000	55,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,440	625	810
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,420	9,840	10,860
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	155	85	70
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	5,700	11,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	660	345	310
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,120	8,240	8,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,915	915	1,005
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	760	370	390
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	69,000	79,000	66,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	87,000	97,200	77,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	520	245	270
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,200	17,600	13,700
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,800	38,800	29,200
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	86.8	90.0	83.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	75.8	77.6	74.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	13.2	10.2	16.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.8	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.2	5.0	5.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.7	4.7	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,940	935	1,005
Without total income	120	60	55
With total income	1,820	870	945
Under $10,000 (including loss)	200	85	110
$10,000 to $19,999	175	75	105
$20,000 to $29,999	215	105	105
$30,000 to $39,999	175	90	85
$40,000 to $49,999	195	85	105
$50,000 to $59,999	170	70	100
$60,000 to $69,999	130	55	70
$70,000 to $79,999	95	45	50
$80,000 to $89,999	75	25	45
$90,000 to $99,999	80	45	35
$100,000 and over	320	195	125
$100,000 to $149,999	180	95	80
$150,000 and over	145	95	45
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,940	935	1,005
Without after-tax income	120	60	55
With after-tax income	1,820	870	945
Under $10,000 (including loss)	205	90	115
$10,000 to $19,999	185	80	105
$20,000 to $29,999	250	125	125
$30,000 to $39,999	235	115	120
$40,000 to $49,999	220	90	130
$50,000 to $59,999	200	90	115
$60,000 to $69,999	120	50	70
$70,000 to $79,999	105	65	45
$80,000 to $89,999	65	35	35
$90,000 to $99,999	60	30	30
$100,000 and over	170	105	60
$100,000 to $124,999	75	45	30
$125,000 and over	90	65	30
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,940	935	1,005
Without employment income	490	205	285
With employment income	1,445	725	720
Under $5,000 (including loss)	175	90	90
$5,000 to $9,999	120	60	55
$10,000 to $19,999	145	70	75
$20,000 to $29,999	95	50	45
$30,000 to $39,999	125	50	70
$40,000 to $49,999	115	50	65
$50,000 to $59,999	120	45	70
$60,000 to $69,999	90	40	55
$70,000 to $79,999	60	30	35
$80,000 to $89,999	70	30	35
$90,000 to $99,999	65	40	30
$100,000 and over	275	170	100
$100,000 to $124,999	100	55	45
$125,000 and over	170	120	55
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,940	935	1,000
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,775	850	925
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,200	47,200	41,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,775	850	920
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	40,800	37,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,645	800	845
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	48,000	38,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,430	715	710
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,400	50,400	42,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,220	505	710
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,100	1,920	4,640
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	130	70	60
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,320	5,200	6,950
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,920	920	1,005
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,740	810	925
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,700	74,000	54,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,740	810	925
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,320	53,700	43,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,595	740	855
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	64,100	77,000	52,700
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,380	675	710
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	64,600	74,000	55,700
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,225	525	700
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,080	5,540	8,240
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	120	70	50
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,000	6,400	12,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,915	915	1,005
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	765	375	390
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,500	73,500	61,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	84,400	95,600	73,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	480	225	250
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,200	24,200	26,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	45,000	53,200	37,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	92.2	95.2	88.8
Employment income (%)	80.6	82.8	78.0
Government transfers (%)	7.8	4.8	11.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.7	1.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	880	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	225	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	655	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	850	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	133,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	103,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	200	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	650	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	154,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	118,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	880	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	60	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	40	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	50	...	...
$100,000 and over	470	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	110	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	80	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	115	...	...
$200,000 and over	170	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	880	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	65	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	65	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	70	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	55	...	...
$100,000 and over	375	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	110	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	90	...	...
$150,000 and over	175	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	640	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	175	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	375	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	166,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	85	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	250	110	145
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,800	47,200	54,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,000	40,400	46,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	645	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	153,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	118,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	170	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	380	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	185,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	139,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	80	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	220	80	140
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	66,500	79,000	59,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,600	59,000	48,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	2,415	1,160	1,255
0 to 17 years	615	300	320
0 to 5 years	130	55	75
18 to 64 years	1,540	735	805
65 years and over	260	130	130
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	175	80	100
0 to 17 years	50	25	25
0 to 5 years	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	105	50	60
65 years and over	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.4	6.9	7.8
0 to 17 years (%)	7.4	7.2	7.6
0 to 5 years (%)	6.0	x	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.8	6.2	7.4
65 years and over (%)	10.0	10.0	12.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	2,415	1,165	1,255
0 to 17 years	615	300	315
0 to 5 years	125	55	75
18 to 64 years	1,545	735	805
65 years and over	260	125	135
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	105	45	55
0 to 17 years	30	10	20
0 to 5 years	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	60	30	35
65 years and over	10	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.3	4.0	4.6
0 to 17 years (%)	4.8	3.2	6.4
0 to 5 years (%)	5.0	x	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.0	4.4	4.0
65 years and over (%)	4.5	4.0	5.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	2,415	1,160	1,255
In bottom half of the distribution	930	430	495
In bottom decile	150	70	80
In second decile	155	75	80
In third decile	160	70	90
In fourth decile	245	125	125
In fifth decile	220	100	120
In top half of the distribution	1,485	725	755
In sixth decile	265	135	130
In seventh decile	215	105	105
In eighth decile	300	135	160
In ninth decile	335	165	165
In top decile	380	185	190
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	2,415	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.339	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.423	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.281	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	2,415	1,165	1,255
English only	465	225	235
French only	100	45	55
English and French	1,795	865	930
Neither English nor French	55	20	35
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	2,415	1,165	1,255
English	1,375	675	695
French	635	290	345
English and French	345	170	175
Neither English nor French	55	20	35
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	2,415	1,165	1,255
Single responses	2,165	1,050	1,115
Official languages	1,180	585	590
English	685	355	335
French	490	235	260
Non-official languages	980	460	525
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	980	460	525
Afro-Asiatic languages	225	115	115
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	10	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	220	110	110
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	215	105	105
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	10	0	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	15	15
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	30	10	15
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	490	220	270
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	20	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	60	25	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	60	25	35
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	10
Russian	30	15	20
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	5
German	5	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	25	5	20
Indo-Iranian languages	170	75	90
Indo-Aryan languages	90	45	50
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	10
Hindi	15	5	10
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	15
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	25	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	75	30	45
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	65	25	35
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	60	25	30
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	5	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	210	100	115
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	105	50	55
Portuguese	15	5	10
Romanian	30	15	10
Spanish	65	30	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	165	85	90
Chinese languages	165	85	90
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	140	70	75
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	15	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	250	110	140
English and French	95	45	50
English and non-official language(s)	75	35	40
French and non-official language(s)	35	15	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	20	15
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	2,415	1,165	1,255
English	810	405	400
French	320	150	170
Non-official language	310	150	160
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	310	150	160
English and French	260	125	130
English and non-official language(s)	290	140	150
French and non-official language(s)	65	30	35
English, French and non-official language(s)	335	145	185
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	2,415	1,165	1,255
Single responses	2,140	1,040	1,100
Official languages	1,600	775	825
English	1,150	555	590
French	455	220	235
Non-official languages	535	260	275
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	535	260	275
Afro-Asiatic languages	120	65	55
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	10	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	110	55	55
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	110	55	55
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	10
Haitian Creole	5	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	5	10
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	20	5	10
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	215	105	110
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	15	15
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	0
Russian	20	5	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	105	50	55
Indo-Aryan languages	55	30	30
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	5
Hindi	10	0	5
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	10	15
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	15	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	55	25	30
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	40	20	25
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	40	15	25
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	30	35
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	15	10	10
Spanish	40	25	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	150	75	80
Chinese languages	150	75	80
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	140	65	70
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	280	125	155
English and French	90	40	55
English and non-official language(s)	100	50	55
French and non-official language(s)	30	10	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	25	30
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	2,415	1,165	1,255
None	1,630	795	835
English	190	100	95
French	190	85	100
Non-official language	175	75	100
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	175	75	100
English and French	60	25	30
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	25
French and non-official language(s)	105	45	60
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	2,460	1,185	1,275
Official languages	2,410	1,165	1,245
English	2,350	1,145	1,205
French	1,935	930	1,005
Non-official languages	1,485	695	790
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,485	695	790
Afro-Asiatic languages	420	215	205
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	40	25	15
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	420	215	205
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	395	205	195
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	50	20	30
Haitian Creole	25	15	15
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	20	30
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	35	10	25
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	715	330	385
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	40	15	30
Balto-Slavic languages	80	40	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	80	40	35
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	20	0	10
Russian	60	30	30
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	15	0	10
German	15	0	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	35	10	25
Indo-Iranian languages	180	100	80
Indo-Aryan languages	140	80	60
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	40	20	25
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70	40	30
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	15	10
Urdu	35	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	20	20
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	40	20	20
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	35	20	20
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	395	180	220
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	175	80	90
Portuguese	20	10	10
Romanian	40	25	20
Spanish	195	95	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	25	0	15
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	250	120	130
Chinese languages	250	120	130
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	210	110	110
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	55	25	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,460	1,185	1,275
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	10	0	10
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	2,450	1,185	1,265
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,460	1,185	1,275
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,460	1,185	1,275
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	850	...	...
Owner	550	...	...
Renter	300	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	850	...	...
Condominium	350	...	...
Not condominium	500	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	850	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	165	...	...
2 bedrooms	195	...	...
3 bedrooms	220	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	260	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	850	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	340	...	...
5 rooms	145	...	...
6 rooms	75	...	...
7 rooms	75	...	...
8 or more rooms	220	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	850	...	...
One person or fewer per room	825	...	...
More than one person per room	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	850	...	...
Suitable	820	...	...
Not suitable	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	850	...	...
1960 or before	30	...	...
1961 to 1980	60	...	...
1981 to 1990	50	...	...
1991 to 2000	15	...	...
2001 to 2005	65	...	...
2006 to 2010	200	...	...
2011 to 2015	165	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	260	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	850	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	830	...	...
Major repairs needed	20	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	850	...	...
One-maintainer household	375	...	...
Two-maintainer household	460	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	850	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	110	...	...
35 to 44 years	205	...	...
45 to 54 years	240	...	...
55 to 64 years	145	...	...
65 to 74 years	90	...	...
75 to 84 years	55	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	850	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	660	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	185	...	...
30% to less than 100%	165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	855	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	230	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	170	...	...
Not suitable only	25	...	...
Major repairs needed only	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	625	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	830	...	...
In core need	30	...	...
Not in core need	795	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	550	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	77.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	18.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,000	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,100	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	650,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	716,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	300	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	28.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,350	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,370	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	2,455	1,185	1,275
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	2,455	1,185	1,270
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	2,460	1,185	1,275
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	2,215	1,060	1,150
Canadian citizens aged under 18	610	315	295
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,595	745	860
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	250	125	120
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	2,460	1,185	1,275
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	1,455	700	760
Immigrants⁸¹	950	470	480
Before 1980	90	50	40
1980 to 1990	90	45	45
1991 to 2000	170	75	95
2001 to 2010	365	195	175
2011 to 2021⁸²	230	105	125
2011 to 2015	125	50	70
2016 to 2021	105	55	50
Non-permanent residents⁸³	55	20	35
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	945	465	480
Under 5 years	105	50	50
5 to 14 years	205	115	90
15 to 24 years	140	50	95
25 to 44 years	420	215	210
45 years and over	75	35	35
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	945	465	480
Americas	130	50	80
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	15	10	10
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	20	10	10
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	20	10	15
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	25	0	20
Other places of birth in Americas	35	15	25
Europe	130	60	70
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	20	15	0
Germany	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	25	10	10
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	15	0	15
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	0	20
Africa	270	135	130
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	195	95	100
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	30	25
Asia	420	225	200
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	40	20	20
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	50	20	25
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	145	70	70
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	10	10
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	55	35	20
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	45	35	15
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	105	55	50
Americas	20	0	15
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	40	25	15
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	40	25	15
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	45	30	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	2,460	1,185	1,275
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,035	510	525
Second generation¹⁰¹	760	365	395
Third generation or more¹⁰²	665	315	350
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	855	415	440
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	585	310	275
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	215	145	75
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	365	170	200
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	200	65	135
Refugees¹⁰⁸	60	40	25
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	855	415	440
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	50	30	20
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	50	25	25
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	0	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	35	25	15
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	10
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	690	330	360
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	2,460	1,185	1,275
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,225	590	635
South Asian	200	110	90
Chinese	265	135	130
Black	205	80	125
Filipino	10	0	0
Arab	290	150	140
Latin American	95	50	45
Southeast Asian	0	0	0
West Asian	85	40	40
Korean	25	10	15
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	0	10
Multiple visible minorities	35	15	20
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,230	595	645
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	2,460	1,185	1,275
Canadian	245	130	110
English	115	35	80
Irish	130	60	65
Scottish	70	40	30
French, n.o.s.¹²²	235	105	125
German	20	0	15
Chinese	260	135	125
Italian	320	150	175
Indian (India)	95	45	45
Ukrainian	20	10	0
Dutch	20	0	15
Polish	30	15	10
Québécois	25	10	15
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	35	20	15
Filipino	20	10	10
French Canadian	40	25	10
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0
Russian	65	25	45
Norwegian	20	10	15
Welsh	0	0	0
Portuguese	45	20	20
American	0	0	0
Spanish	30	10	20
Swedish	30	0	20
Hungarian	15	15	0
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	30	15	10
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0
Jewish	40	30	15
Punjabi	30	20	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	70	35	25
Greek	95	35	65
Jamaican	15	0	15
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	20
Romanian	75	35	40
Lebanese	90	40	55
Iranian	35	15	20
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0
Belgian	10	0	0
Haitian	70	35	40
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	20	10	15
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	310	155	160
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	25	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	35	20	15
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	30	10	20
Guyanese	25	10	10
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	35	15	20
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	60	20	35
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	20	15	0
African Caribbean	10	0	10
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	40	20	20
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	30	10	15
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	80	50	30
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	2,460	1,185	1,275
Buddhist	0	0	0
Christian	1,450	675	780
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	190	105	90
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	40	10	30
Baptist	40	20	15
Catholic	700	325	375
Christian Orthodox	350	160	185
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	30	10	20
Presbyterian	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	10	10	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	75	30	45
Hindu	60	25	40
Jewish	80	45	30
Muslim	235	135	100
Sikh	70	45	35
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	530	250	275
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	2,455	1,180	1,275
Non-movers	2,125	1,055	1,070
Movers	330	125	205
Non-migrants	225	95	130
Migrants	105	30	75
Internal migrants	75	25	50
Intraprovincial migrants	55	15	40
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	10
External migrants	30	0	25
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	2,365	1,140	1,230
Non-movers	1,380	665	715
Movers	985	475	515
Non-migrants	495	240	255
Migrants	495	235	260
Internal migrants	340	160	180
Intraprovincial migrants	320	145	175
Interprovincial migrants	25	20	0
External migrants	155	70	85
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,920	915	1,005
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	245	135	110
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,670	780	895
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,320	605	715
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	60	35	25
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,260	570	690
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,920	920	1,000
No certificate, diploma or degree	215	110	105
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	300	155	145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,405	650	750
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	490	215	270
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	100	80	20
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	75	60	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	25	15	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	335	120	220
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	50	25	25
Bachelor's degree or higher	915	435	480
Bachelor's degree	575	245	330
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	85	25	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	15	10
Master's degree	195	125	75
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	20	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,325	605	715
No certificate, diploma or degree	45	20	25
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	145	85	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,125	500	625
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	320	140	180
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	70	45	20
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	45	35	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	10	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	205	75	135
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	20	20
Bachelor's degree or higher	810	360	445
Bachelor's degree	500	205	295
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80	25	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	20	10
Master's degree	170	105	70
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	10	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,920	915	1,000
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	520	265	250
Education	65	10	60
13. Education	65	10	60
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	25	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	25	20	10
Humanities	105	25	80
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	35	0	30
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	40	15	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	160	50	110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	10	10
45. Social sciences	105	35	75
Business, management and public administration	345	120	220
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	340	120	210
Physical and life sciences and technologies	105	60	45
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	15	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	30	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	20	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	85	60	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	75	60	20
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	270	200	70
04. Architecture and related services	15	0	15
14. Engineering	170	115	55
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	30	30	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25	25	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	30	20	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	30	20	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	185	75	110
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	180	70	110
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	25	0	15
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,325	610	715
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	195	105	90
Education	45	10	35
13. Education	45	10	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	25	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	25	15	10
Humanities	75	10	70
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	140	40	95
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	10	0
45. Social sciences	90	25	65
Business, management and public administration	290	95	195
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	280	95	190
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	25	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	10	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	55	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	50	15
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	230	165	65
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10
14. Engineering	155	100	55
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	30	30	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0
48. Precision production	15	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	15	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	155	60	95
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	155	60	95
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	10	15
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,325	610	715
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	195	105	90
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,130	500	625
Location of study inside Canada	795	350	445
Same as province or territory of residence	710	305	405
Different than province or territory of residence	85	45	40
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	330	150	180
Americas	50	20	35
United States of America	25	0	15
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	10	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	0
Europe	55	30	25
Belgium	0	0	0
France	10	10	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	10	0
Africa	90	45	55
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	75	35	40
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	10	0
Asia	130	55	70
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	10
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	40	15	25
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	15	10	10
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	15	10	10
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,920	920	1,000
In the labour force	1,360	675	685
Employed	1,225	605	620
Unemployed	135	65	70
Not in the labour force	560	245	315
Participation rate	70.8	73.4	68.5
Employment rate	63.8	65.8	62.0
Unemployment rate	9.9	9.6	10.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,920	915	1,000
Did not work¹⁸⁶	560	255	305
Worked	1,360	660	695
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	785	390	395
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	580	275	300
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.8	41.6	40.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,360	670	685
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	15	20
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,320	655	665
Employee	1,130	520	620
Permanent position	945	440	505
Temporary position	190	80	110
Fixed term (1 year or more)	65	30	35
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	120	55	70
Self-employed¹⁹²	185	140	50
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,360	670	685
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	15	20
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,320	655	665
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	60	55	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	290	95	195
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	205	130	80
3 Health occupations	105	35	70
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	155	45	110
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	40	10	25
6 Sales and service occupations	300	160	145
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	135	120	20
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	35	15	20
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,360	670	685
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	15	20
All industries¹⁹¹	1,320	655	665
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0
22 Utilities	20	15	10
23 Construction	30	30	0
31-33 Manufacturing	150	70	75
41 Wholesale trade	120	55	65
44-45 Retail trade	180	80	100
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	120	90	30
51 Information and cultural industries	30	25	0
52 Finance and insurance	60	30	35
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	15	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	170	90	75
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	40	25	15
61 Educational services	95	30	65
62 Health care and social assistance	150	40	105
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	15	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	45	25	25
81 Other services (except public administration)	25	20	0
91 Public administration	35	0	25
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,455	720	730
English	320	165	155
French	180	55	125
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	855	450	405
English and non-official language(s)	40	25	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	25	30
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,455	720	730
Single responses	1,145	570	570
Official languages	1,130	565	570
English	780	425	355
French	350	135	215
Non-official languages	10	10	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	10	0
Chinese languages	0	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	310	150	160
English and French	295	140	155
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,455	720	730
None	795	365	430
English	170	90	85
French	410	235	175
Non-official language	45	20	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	45	20	25
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,220	605	615
Worked at home	410	180	230
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	120	95	25
Usual place of work	695	335	360
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	695	335	360
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	300	145	155
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	305	130	175
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	80	50	25
Commute to a different province or territory	15	15	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	815	430	380
Car, truck or van	740	395	345
Car, truck or van - as a driver	710	385	330
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	30	10	20
Public transit	45	20	20
Walked	20	10	20
Bicycle	10	10	0
Other method	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	815	430	380
Less than 15 minutes	80	25	55
15 to 29 minutes	350	170	175
30 to 44 minutes	250	145	105
45 to 59 minutes	80	60	20
60 minutes and over	65	30	30
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	815	430	380
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	45	40	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	115	75	45
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	225	115	110
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	205	110	90
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	145	60	85
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	80	35	40
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	625	305	320
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	315	160	150
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	310	145	165
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	515	260	255
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	265	140	130
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	200	110	95
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	60	30	30
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	245	120	130

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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