Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24663474More information: Quebec [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	3,133	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,824	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,723	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	31,205.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.10	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	3,135	1,460	1,670
0 to 14 years	350	175	175
0 to 4 years	160	75	85
5 to 9 years	120	65	60
10 to 14 years	75	45	35
15 to 64 years	2,345	1,140	1,205
15 to 19 years	95	50	45
20 to 24 years	290	150	145
25 to 29 years	425	205	220
30 to 34 years	430	220	210
35 to 39 years	360	150	205
40 to 44 years	220	130	85
45 to 49 years	180	75	105
50 to 54 years	140	65	80
55 to 59 years	105	45	55
60 to 64 years	115	55	55
65 years and over	435	140	295
65 to 69 years	115	45	70
70 to 74 years	135	35	100
75 to 79 years	100	30	65
80 to 84 years	50	20	35
85 years and over	35	15	20
85 to 89 years	30	10	15
90 to 94 years	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.2	12.0	10.5
15 to 64 years	74.8	78.1	72.2
65 years and over	13.9	9.6	17.7
85 years and over	1.1	1.0	1.2
Average age of the population	38.3	36.2	40.1
Median age of the population	34.8	33.6	36.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,720	...	...
Single-detached house	5	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,720	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,720	...	...
1 person	785	...	...
2 persons	610	...	...
3 persons	205	...	...
4 persons	95	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,130	1,460	1,670
Average household size	1.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	2,780	1,285	1,500
Married or living common-law	1,525	765	760
Married	1,165	575	595
Living common-law	360	190	170
Living common law - Never married	305	160	140
Living common law - Separated	5	5	0
Living common law - Divorced	45	25	25
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	1,255	520	740
Not married and not living common law - Never married	865	435	430
Not married and not living common law - Separated	60	25	40
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	195	50	150
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	135	15	120
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	830	...	...
2 persons	545	...	...
3 persons	190	...	...
4 persons	90	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	835	...	...
Total couple families	720	...	...
Married couples	540	...	...
With children⁶	250	...	...
Without children	295	...	...
Common-law couples	180	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...
Without children	165	...	...
Total one-parent families	115	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	95	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	15	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	3,130	1,460	1,670
Total - Persons in census families	2,075	1,010	1,065
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,435	735	705
Parents in one-parent families	110	15	95
Children⁶	520	260	265
In a two-parent family	380	190	195
In a one-parent family	140	70	70
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,055	450	605
Living alone	785	305	485
Living with other relatives⁷	70	30	40
Living with non-relatives only	200	115	85
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,725	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	785	...	...
Couple-family households	685	...	...
With children⁶	250	...	...
Without children	435	...	...
One-parent-family households	100	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	20	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	115	...	...
One-person households	790	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	2,780	1,280	1,500
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,615	1,190	1,420
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	38,000	29,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,615	1,195	1,420
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,800	34,000	28,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,340	1,095	1,245
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	25,800	33,600	19,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,835	930	900
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	38,400	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,165	920	1,245
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,650	6,080	9,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	230	100	130
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	825	390	430
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	9,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	2,775	1,290	1,485
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,625	1,210	1,420
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,440	46,400	39,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,630	1,210	1,420
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,440	38,000	33,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,280	1,095	1,190
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,600	42,800	34,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,825	935	890
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,440	46,000	38,700
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,205	970	1,230
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,590	9,760	11,240
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	265	135	125
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,150	6,700	7,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	875	455	420
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,120	10,440	9,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	2,780	1,290	1,490
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	865	450	420
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,400	60,400	52,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,800	73,200	60,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	785	420	370
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	13,700	11,800	16,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,880	22,600	23,100
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.0	83.2	74.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	69.6	76.4	62.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.9	16.9	25.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.7	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	8.7	9.1	8.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	7.9	8.5	7.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	2,780	1,285	1,495
Without total income	165	85	75
With total income	2,615	1,195	1,420
Under $10,000 (including loss)	395	160	240
$10,000 to $19,999	330	135	195
$20,000 to $29,999	485	195	290
$30,000 to $39,999	315	140	175
$40,000 to $49,999	290	130	165
$50,000 to $59,999	210	100	110
$60,000 to $69,999	175	85	90
$70,000 to $79,999	120	65	55
$80,000 to $89,999	85	40	40
$90,000 to $99,999	65	40	25
$100,000 and over	150	105	45
$100,000 to $149,999	115	75	40
$150,000 and over	35	30	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	2,780	1,285	1,495
Without after-tax income	165	90	75
With after-tax income	2,615	1,195	1,420
Under $10,000 (including loss)	405	165	245
$10,000 to $19,999	335	140	195
$20,000 to $29,999	535	225	315
$30,000 to $39,999	400	170	235
$40,000 to $49,999	345	170	180
$50,000 to $59,999	235	115	120
$60,000 to $69,999	145	85	65
$70,000 to $79,999	75	45	30
$80,000 to $89,999	55	35	25
$90,000 to $99,999	30	20	10
$100,000 and over	50	40	15
$100,000 to $124,999	25	20	5
$125,000 and over	20	20	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	2,780	1,285	1,495
Without employment income	945	350	595
With employment income	1,830	930	905
Under $5,000 (including loss)	305	135	170
$5,000 to $9,999	195	95	100
$10,000 to $19,999	235	120	120
$20,000 to $29,999	130	60	70
$30,000 to $39,999	145	70	75
$40,000 to $49,999	185	85	105
$50,000 to $59,999	150	85	65
$60,000 to $69,999	135	70	65
$70,000 to $79,999	90	55	35
$80,000 to $89,999	70	35	30
$90,000 to $99,999	60	40	25
$100,000 and over	125	90	35
$100,000 to $124,999	65	40	20
$125,000 and over	65	50	15
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	2,780	1,280	1,500
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,505	1,165	1,345
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,000	32,400	26,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,505	1,165	1,345
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,600	30,800	25,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,260	1,080	1,180
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,200	32,000	22,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,765	900	865
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	36,800	29,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,945	835	1,115
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,570	1,400	2,220
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	115	55	60
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,600	4,160	7,650
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	2,775	1,290	1,485
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,535	1,190	1,350
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	43,800	35,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,535	1,190	1,350
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,840	35,700	30,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,255	1,090	1,165
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,840	44,400	33,700
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,775	920	850
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,880	47,800	37,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,965	870	1,090
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,045	4,210	7,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	120	65	55
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,600	5,600	12,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	2,780	1,290	1,490
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	840	445	405
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,000	55,200	46,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,400	69,600	52,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	720	405	315
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,800	21,600	25,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,450	29,100	30,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.0	92.8	82.8
Employment income (%)	76.6	84.8	67.6
Government transfers (%)	11.9	7.0	17.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.7	1.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,720	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	50,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	45,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	790	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	935	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,740	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	64,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	53,650	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	790	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	945	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	69,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,720	...	...
Under $5,000	145	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	125	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	105	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	65	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	90	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	90	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	95	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	120	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	145	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	105	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	85	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	85	...	...
$100,000 and over	330	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	145	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	85	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	55	...	...
$200,000 and over	50	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,720	...	...
Under $5,000	145	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	135	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	110	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	95	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	110	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	100	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	95	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	150	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	115	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	190	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	100	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	35	...	...
$150,000 and over	50	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	845	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	440	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	260	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	110	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	985	420	570
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,400	31,800	31,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,400	29,600	29,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	840	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	71,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	460	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	235	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	105	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	45,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,040	445	595
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,700	34,400	40,200
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,850	29,200	33,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	3,135	1,460	1,670
0 to 17 years	390	200	190
0 to 5 years	180	85	105
18 to 64 years	2,305	1,120	1,185
65 years and over	435	145	290
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	955	435	525
0 to 17 years	130	65	70
0 to 5 years	50	15	35
18 to 64 years	675	330	350
65 years and over	150	40	110
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	30.6	29.7	31.3
0 to 17 years (%)	33.5	33.0	35.0
0 to 5 years (%)	28.0	20.0	32.0
18 to 64 years (%)	29.3	29.3	29.2
65 years and over (%)	34.5	28.0	37.5
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	3,130	1,460	1,675
0 to 17 years	390	195	195
0 to 5 years	185	80	100
18 to 64 years	2,305	1,120	1,180
65 years and over	435	140	295
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	680	330	350
0 to 17 years	90	50	45
0 to 5 years	25	5	15
18 to 64 years	525	260	265
65 years and over	65	25	45
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	21.7	22.7	20.9
0 to 17 years (%)	23.2	24.0	23.0
0 to 5 years (%)	14.0	10.0	16.0
18 to 64 years (%)	22.7	23.2	22.2
65 years and over (%)	14.8	17.0	14.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	3,135	1,460	1,670
In bottom half of the distribution	2,275	1,030	1,245
In bottom decile	845	400	445
In second decile	440	170	270
In third decile	350	160	195
In fourth decile	325	145	180
In fifth decile	315	150	165
In top half of the distribution	855	430	425
In sixth decile	225	110	110
In seventh decile	225	110	115
In eighth decile	170	95	70
In ninth decile	145	70	75
In top decile	100	45	50
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	3,130	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.402	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.524	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.357	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	8.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	3,130	1,460	1,675
English only	960	465	495
French only	325	120	210
English and French	1,635	785	850
Neither English nor French	205	90	110
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	3,130	1,460	1,675
English	1,415	685	725
French	915	400	515
English and French	605	280	325
Neither English nor French	200	90	110
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	3,130	1,460	1,675
Single responses	2,900	1,360	1,535
Official languages	985	450	530
English	325	165	160
French	655	285	370
Non-official languages	1,915	910	1,005
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,915	910	1,005
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	40	25
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	40	20
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	65	40	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	5	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5
Telugu	5	0	5
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	580	285	290
Albanian	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	120	55	65
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	120	55	65
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	10
Russian	95	45	55
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	0
German	5	5	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	195	100	95
Indo-Aryan languages	60	35	25
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5
Gujarati	5	5	0
Hindi	15	5	5
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	20	10
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	140	65	75
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	135	65	70
Dari	5	0	5
Iranian Persian	130	60	65
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	250	120	130
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	10
Portuguese	85	40	45
Romanian	25	10	10
Spanish	125	60	60
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5
Korean	95	40	50
Mongolian	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,110	505	605
Chinese languages	1,110	505	605
Hakka	5	0	5
Mandarin	915	420	495
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	10	5
Yue (Cantonese)	160	75	85
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	235	100	135
English and French	55	25	30
English and non-official language(s)	85	35	50
French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	15	20
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	10
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	3,130	1,460	1,675
English	385	200	190
French	565	240	325
Non-official language	955	450	505
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	955	450	505
English and French	190	90	100
English and non-official language(s)	545	255	290
French and non-official language(s)	110	55	55
English, French and non-official language(s)	310	145	165
Multiple non-official languages	70	30	35
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	3,130	1,460	1,675
Single responses	2,875	1,340	1,530
Official languages	1,340	620	720
English	655	325	330
French	685	300	390
Non-official languages	1,535	725	810
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,535	720	815
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	15
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	35	20	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	450	215	235
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	95	45	55
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	95	45	55
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	10
Russian	85	40	45
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	165	85	80
Indo-Aryan languages	45	25	20
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	15	10	10
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	10
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	115	55	60
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	115	55	65
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	105	50	55
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	190	85	100
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	75	35	40
Romanian	15	5	10
Spanish	95	45	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0
Korean	90	40	55
Mongolian	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	910	420	490
Chinese languages	910	420	490
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	775	365	415
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	5
Yue (Cantonese)	110	50	60
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	255	120	140
English and French	60	30	35
English and non-official language(s)	105	45	55
French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	20	20
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	3,130	1,460	1,675
None	2,085	980	1,105
English	385	180	210
French	145	65	75
Non-official language	220	90	135
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	220	90	135
English and French	110	50	60
English and non-official language(s)	65	35	30
French and non-official language(s)	70	35	35
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	35	15	20
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	3,115	1,465	1,655
Official languages	2,945	1,390	1,555
English	2,630	1,280	1,350
French	1,990	930	1,060
Non-official languages	2,265	1,085	1,175
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,265	1,085	1,175
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	45	20
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	75	45	20
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	65	45	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	25	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	25	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	15	0	10
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	10
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	785	400	385
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	160	80	70
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	160	80	70
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	25	10	15
Russian	140	75	65
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	20	10
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	20	10	10
German	20	10	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	290	150	140
Indo-Aryan languages	130	70	55
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	30	15	15
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	90	45	45
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	25	25
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	160	80	80
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	150	75	75
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	145	70	75
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	340	160	180
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	75	35	40
Portuguese	95	40	50
Romanian	20	15	10
Spanish	170	90	80
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	45	20	20
Korean	115	45	70
Mongolian	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	40	30	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,190	555	635
Chinese languages	1,190	555	635
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,070	495	575
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	25	15	10
Yue (Cantonese)	195	85	115
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,120	1,465	1,655
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	10	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	0	0
Métis	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	3,105	1,460	1,650
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,120	1,465	1,655
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,120	1,465	1,655
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,735	...	...
Owner	745	...	...
Renter	995	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,735	...	...
Condominium	1,585	...	...
Not condominium	150	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,735	...	...
No bedrooms	55	...	...
1 bedroom	765	...	...
2 bedrooms	785	...	...
3 bedrooms	135	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,735	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,575	...	...
5 rooms	140	...	...
6 rooms	15	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,735	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,685	...	...
More than one person per room	55	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,735	...	...
Suitable	1,595	...	...
Not suitable	140	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,735	...	...
1960 or before	30	...	...
1961 to 1980	10	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	30	...	...
2011 to 2015	520	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,140	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,735	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,710	...	...
Major repairs needed	25	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,735	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,080	...	...
Two-maintainer household	630	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	25	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,735	...	...
15 to 24 years	190	...	...
25 to 34 years	575	...	...
35 to 44 years	290	...	...
45 to 54 years	220	...	...
55 to 64 years	105	...	...
65 to 74 years	185	...	...
75 to 84 years	135	...	...
85 years and over	40	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,680	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	845	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	835	...	...
30% to less than 100%	675	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,735	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	945	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	780	...	...
Not suitable only	100	...	...
Major repairs needed only	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	45	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	790	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,525	...	...
In core need	225	...	...
Not in core need	1,300	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	740	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	76.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	42.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	13.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,370	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,416	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	417,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	995	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	8.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	55.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	15.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,410	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,356	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	3,115	1,460	1,650
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	10	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	3,105	1,460	1,645
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	3,115	1,460	1,650
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,785	855	930
Canadian citizens aged under 18	245	130	120
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,535	725	810
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,330	610	725
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	3,115	1,460	1,650
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	1,065	485	580
Immigrants⁸¹	1,345	635	705
Before 1980	60	20	40
1980 to 1990	85	55	30
1991 to 2000	175	105	75
2001 to 2010	295	135	160
2011 to 2021⁸²	720	320	405
2011 to 2015	305	150	160
2016 to 2021	420	175	245
Non-permanent residents⁸³	710	335	370
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,345	635	705
Under 5 years	70	30	40
5 to 14 years	240	135	110
15 to 24 years	210	110	105
25 to 44 years	690	305	385
45 years and over	130	60	70
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,345	635	705
Americas	120	50	65
Brazil	15	0	10
Colombia	35	20	20
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	35	10	30
Europe	175	90	85
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	30	15	10
Germany	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	20	10	15
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	20	10	15
Portugal	20	0	10
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	10	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	45	20	25
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	10
Africa	75	45	35
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	20	15	10
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	30	20
Asia	965	450	515
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	125	60	60
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	15	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	570	255	315
Hong Kong⁹¹	25	20	0
Korea, South⁹²	75	35	40
Taiwan	20	10	10
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	40	20	15
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	40	20	25
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	45	15	30
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	420	175	245
Americas	30	20	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	50	20	25
France	15	0	10
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	15	15
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	45	25	15
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	25	10
Asia	300	110	190
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	205	75	135
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	15	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	20	10	15
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	35	10	25
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	3,115	1,465	1,655
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,075	995	1,085
Second generation¹⁰¹	410	195	215
Third generation or more¹⁰²	630	280	355
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,285	620	670
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	840	420	425
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	430	220	205
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	410	200	215
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	345	155	190
Refugees¹⁰⁸	90	40	50
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	10
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,285	620	670
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	45	20	20
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	85	35	50
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	55	35	20
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	185	75	110
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	15	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	900	430	470
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	3,115	1,465	1,655
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,060	975	1,090
South Asian	165	85	75
Chinese	1,180	550	630
Black	130	55	75
Filipino	0	0	0
Arab	75	55	25
Latin American	115	60	55
Southeast Asian	50	25	30
West Asian	165	80	85
Korean	115	45	70
Japanese	15	0	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	0	10
Multiple visible minorities	35	15	25
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,050	490	560
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	3,115	1,460	1,655
Canadian	285	110	170
English	30	10	20
Irish	70	35	40
Scottish	55	15	40
French, n.o.s.¹²²	240	115	130
German	10	10	0
Chinese	1,015	495	520
Italian	120	55	60
Indian (India)	105	60	45
Ukrainian	40	20	20
Dutch	0	0	0
Polish	45	25	20
Québécois	60	20	40
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0
French Canadian	35	10	30
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	45	25	25
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	10	0	0
Métis	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	10	0	10
Russian	85	55	30
Norwegian	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Portuguese	40	15	30
American	0	0	0
Spanish	35	15	25
Swedish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	0	10
Jewish	50	35	15
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	25	20
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	50	30	20
Greek	0	0	0
Jamaican	10	0	10
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	165	65	95
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	95	40	55
Romanian	0	0	0
Lebanese	15	15	0
Iranian	140	65	70
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	35	20	15
Danish	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0
Hindu	15	10	0
Mexican	15	10	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	15
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	25	15	15
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	30	20	10
Moroccan	10	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	35	10	25
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	15	0	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	15	0	15
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	65	30	35
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	10	10
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	10	0	10
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	25	10	10
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	10	10
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	15	10	10
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	10	10	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	15	0	10
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	0	15
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	3,120	1,465	1,655
Buddhist	90	35	55
Christian	1,085	455	635
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	205	85	115
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	15	0	10
Baptist	0	0	0
Catholic	750	310	440
Christian Orthodox	70	40	35
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	15	10	10
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	20	0	15
Hindu	95	45	45
Jewish	45	25	15
Muslim	180	90	80
Sikh	50	25	20
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	1,575	780	790
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	3,080	1,450	1,635
Non-movers	2,280	1,060	1,220
Movers	805	390	410
Non-migrants	555	285	270
Migrants	250	105	140
Internal migrants	150	70	80
Intraprovincial migrants	80	40	40
Interprovincial migrants	70	25	40
External migrants	95	35	65
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	2,965	1,380	1,585
Non-movers	515	205	310
Movers	2,450	1,180	1,265
Non-migrants	1,235	615	630
Migrants	1,205	570	640
Internal migrants	515	275	245
Intraprovincial migrants	355	200	155
Interprovincial migrants	160	75	85
External migrants	695	300	395
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,780	1,290	1,490
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	235	95	130
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,545	1,190	1,355
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,930	915	1,015
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	40	25	10
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,895	885	1,005
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,775	1,290	1,490
No certificate, diploma or degree	200	80	120
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	395	195	195
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,185	1,015	1,170
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	830	345	485
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	235	100	135
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	125	50	70
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	110	50	65
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	435	185	245
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	165	60	105
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,355	670	685
Bachelor's degree	820	425	395
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	105	50	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	15
Master's degree	375	165	210
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	15	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,935	910	1,020
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	20	10
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	165	85	80
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,745	810	935
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	550	225	325
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	115	45	70
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	75	30	45
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	40	20	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	290	135	160
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	145	50	95
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,195	585	610
Bachelor's degree	690	345	345
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	55	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	10	15
Master's degree	365	160	200
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	20	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,780	1,290	1,490
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	590	275	320
Education	35	15	20
13. Education	35	15	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125	45	80
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	105	30	75
Humanities	130	45	90
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	25
23. English language and literature/letters	35	15	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	25	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	10	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	210	100	110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	15	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	30
22. Legal professions and studies	35	20	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	10	15
45. Social sciences	70	40	30
Business, management and public administration	625	235	390
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	625	235	390
Physical and life sciences and technologies	160	85	80
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	40	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	25	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	15	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	210	135	75
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	195	130	65
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	400	290	110
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0
14. Engineering	240	175	70
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	65	40	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	25	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	45	35	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	15	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	15	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	195	35	165
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	180	25	155
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	70	40	30
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	45	25	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,935	915	1,020
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	190	100	85
Education	25	10	15
13. Education	25	10	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	45	65
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	90	30	55
Humanities	95	25	75
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	30	10	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	10	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	165	70	95
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	15	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	30	20	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	10	15
45. Social sciences	45	20	25
Business, management and public administration	515	215	300
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	515	215	300
Physical and life sciences and technologies	130	55	80
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	20	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	20	0	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	175	115	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	165	110	50
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	310	215	100
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10
14. Engineering	220	155	65
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	45	30	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	10	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	145	30	120
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	135	20	110
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	40	25	15
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	20	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,935	915	1,020
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	190	100	85
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,740	810	930
Location of study inside Canada	975	480	500
Same as province or territory of residence	895	445	445
Different than province or territory of residence	80	30	55
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	765	335	435
Americas	110	50	60
United States of America	25	10	10
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	40	20	25
Colombia	25	15	15
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	190	100	90
Belgium	0	0	0
France	90	50	40
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	10	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	15	10	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	10
Ukraine	25	15	10
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	0	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0
Africa	15	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	0	0
Asia	445	165	275
Iran⁸⁸	55	25	40
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	255	85	165
Taiwan	10	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	15
Korea, South⁹²	20	10	10
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	55	25	30
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	15	10	10
Oceania	10	0	0
Australia	10	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	2,775	1,290	1,490
In the labour force	1,805	915	885
Employed	1,635	835	805
Unemployed	165	80	85
Not in the labour force	980	375	600
Participation rate	65.0	70.9	59.4
Employment rate	58.9	64.7	54.0
Unemployment rate	9.1	8.7	9.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	2,780	1,290	1,490
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,035	360	670
Worked	1,745	930	820
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	895	460	430
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	850	465	390
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.8	39.4	40.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,800	915	885
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	15	40
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,745	895	850
Employee	1,485	730	755
Permanent position	1,225	620	610
Temporary position	260	110	150
Fixed term (1 year or more)	140	40	95
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	120	65	55
Self-employed¹⁹²	260	165	90
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,800	915	885
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	15	40
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,745	895	850
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	25	25	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	430	180	245
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	285	175	110
3 Health occupations	115	20	95
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	100	35	70
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	100	45	55
6 Sales and service occupations	510	260	250
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	135	125	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	40	25	15
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,800	915	885
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	15	40
All industries¹⁹¹	1,745	895	850
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0
23 Construction	55	45	10
31-33 Manufacturing	130	80	45
41 Wholesale trade	70	25	50
44-45 Retail trade	205	125	85
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	110	75	30
51 Information and cultural industries	75	60	15
52 Finance and insurance	170	65	110
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	20	10	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	305	170	135
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	45	30	15
61 Educational services	90	35	55
62 Health care and social assistance	165	35	135
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	20	0
72 Accommodation and food services	160	60	105
81 Other services (except public administration)	45	30	15
91 Public administration	55	25	30
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,910	995	915
English	605	335	275
French	240	130	105
Non-official language	80	45	40
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	80	45	40
English and French	810	380	430
English and non-official language(s)	75	35	35
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	85	60	25
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,910	995	915
Single responses	1,615	860	755
Official languages	1,485	800	690
English	985	520	465
French	505	280	225
Non-official languages	130	65	65
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	130	65	65
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	110	55	55
Chinese languages	110	55	55
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	105	55	50
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	290	130	165
English and French	255	120	135
English and non-official language(s)	25	0	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,910	995	915
None	1,200	625	570
English	270	145	125
French	325	140	190
Non-official language	40	30	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	40	30	10
English and French	10	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	30	20	0
French and non-official language(s)	35	25	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,640	835	800
Worked at home	710	370	340
Worked outside Canada	15	10	0
No fixed workplace address	110	90	15
Usual place of work	810	365	440
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	810	365	440
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	665	315	345
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	80	40	40
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	55	15	50
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	920	460	460
Car, truck or van	455	280	180
Car, truck or van - as a driver	420	275	150
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	35	0	30
Public transit	370	130	240
Walked	65	40	30
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	20	15	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	920	460	460
Less than 15 minutes	145	90	55
15 to 29 minutes	290	170	120
30 to 44 minutes	315	125	190
45 to 59 minutes	85	40	40
60 minutes and over	80	35	50
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	920	460	460
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	20	20	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	95	45	50
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	180	95	85
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	220	95	125
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	260	135	125
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	135	70	70
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	395	200	195
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	135	65	70
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	265	135	125
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	230	125	105
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	100	55	50
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	90	50	45
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	130	75	60

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not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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