Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062785More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48060903More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062519More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	564	...	...	604	...	...	13,230	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	192	...	...	356	...	...	3,757	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	188	...	...	311	...	...	3,573	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,335.9	...	...	1,019.2	...	...	1,247.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.42	...	...	0.59	...	...	10.60	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	565	280	285	605	300	305	13,230	6,475	6,755
0 to 14 years	95	45	50	60	40	20	3,330	1,680	1,650
0 to 4 years	15	10	10	30	15	10	1,450	730	720
5 to 9 years	35	20	15	20	15	5	1,065	550	510
10 to 14 years	45	20	25	15	10	5	815	395	415
15 to 64 years	320	150	165	495	235	255	8,920	4,405	4,515
15 to 19 years	50	30	25	20	15	5	660	320	340
20 to 24 years	30	20	10	25	10	15	755	380	375
25 to 29 years	15	5	10	55	20	30	1,155	510	640
30 to 34 years	15	5	10	90	50	45	1,800	885	910
35 to 39 years	15	5	10	75	35	40	1,480	740	740
40 to 44 years	45	20	30	45	25	20	1,105	555	550
45 to 49 years	40	15	20	50	25	30	725	390	335
50 to 54 years	30	15	15	40	15	20	475	250	225
55 to 59 years	35	15	15	50	25	30	380	195	190
60 to 64 years	45	20	25	40	20	20	390	185	205
65 years and over	155	80	70	55	25	30	975	385	595
65 to 69 years	60	30	25	25	15	5	340	160	180
70 to 74 years	45	20	15	20	5	15	170	80	95
75 to 79 years	30	10	10	0	5	0	155	75	85
80 to 84 years	15	5	10	5	0	5	90	35	50
85 years and over	15	15	5	0	0	0	220	35	190
85 to 89 years	10	10	0	0	0	0	115	20	95
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	0	0	0	90	10	80
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.8	16.1	17.5	9.9	13.3	6.6	25.2	25.9	24.4
15 to 64 years	56.6	53.6	57.9	81.8	78.3	83.6	67.4	68.0	66.8
65 years and over	27.4	28.6	24.6	9.1	8.3	9.8	7.4	5.9	8.8
85 years and over	2.7	5.4	1.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.7	0.5	2.8
Average age of the population	44.7	45.6	44.0	40.1	38.8	41.4	31.9	31.1	32.7
Median age of the population	48.0	49.2	46.4	38.4	37.2	39.2	32.0	32.0	32.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	190	...	...	310	...	...	3,575	...	...
Single-detached house	190	...	...	105	...	...	1,950	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	10	...	...	545	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	80	...	...	590	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	45	...	...	195	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	75	...	...	290	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	190	...	...	310	...	...	3,570	...	...
1 person	20	...	...	140	...	...	350	...	...
2 persons	75	...	...	115	...	...	645	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	40	...	...	775	...	...
4 persons	35	...	...	10	...	...	925	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	5	...	...	880	...	...
Number of persons in private households	565	280	285	565	300	265	12,770	6,315	6,455
Average household size	3.0	...	...	1.8	...	...	3.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	470	235	235	545	260	290	9,900	4,795	5,105
Married or living common-law	315	155	160	260	135	125	6,590	3,285	3,300
Married	290	145	145	145	75	65	6,205	3,095	3,105
Living common-law	20	10	10	115	60	55	385	190	200
Living common law - Never married	10	5	0	105	50	50	310	145	160
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Living common law - Divorced	15	5	5	10	5	5	45	25	25
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Not married and not living common-law	155	80	75	290	130	160	3,310	1,505	1,800
Not married and not living common law - Never married	115	60	50	215	95	115	2,365	1,270	1,095
Not married and not living common law - Separated	10	5	5	10	5	5	160	50	115
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	15	10	5	55	20	35	320	125	195
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	15	10	10	10	0	10	470	70	400
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	175	...	...	150	...	...	3,495	...	...
2 persons	80	...	...	100	...	...	1,040	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	30	...	...	1,005	...	...
4 persons	40	...	...	10	...	...	1,030	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	10	...	...	420	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	2.5	...	...	3.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.1	...	...	1.5	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	170	...	...	145	...	...	3,495	...	...
Total couple families	155	...	...	130	...	...	3,135	...	...
Married couples	145	...	...	70	...	...	2,940	...	...
With children⁶	75	...	...	25	...	...	2,215	...	...
Without children	65	...	...	40	...	...	730	...	...
Common-law couples	10	...	...	60	...	...	195	...	...
With children⁶	5	...	...	10	...	...	95	...	...
Without children	5	...	...	50	...	...	95	...	...
Total one-parent families	20	...	...	20	...	...	360	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	10	...	...	20	...	...	305	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	5	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	565	280	285	565	300	265	12,765	6,315	6,455
Total - Persons in census families	530	260	265	370	195	170	11,460	5,640	5,815
Married spouses or common-law partners	305	155	155	255	130	125	6,270	3,125	3,150
Parents in one-parent families	15	5	15	20	5	15	360	50	305
Children⁶	200	105	100	90	60	35	4,825	2,470	2,355
In a two-parent family	175	90	85	60	40	25	4,250	2,170	2,075
In a one-parent family	30	15	15	35	25	10	580	300	280
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	35	20	20	200	105	95	1,310	670	635
Living alone	20	10	5	140	75	60	355	180	175
Living with other relatives⁷	10	10	5	15	5	5	585	280	300
Living with non-relatives only	10	0	5	45	25	20	375	210	165
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	185	...	...	315	...	...	3,570	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	150	...	...	140	...	...	2,275	...	...
Couple-family households	140	...	...	120	...	...	2,075	...	...
With children⁶	75	...	...	40	...	...	1,640	...	...
Without children	70	...	...	85	...	...	435	...	...
One-parent-family households	10	...	...	20	...	...	200	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...	0	...	...	435	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	95	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	5	...	...	280	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	0	...	...	25	...	...	135	...	...
One-person households	20	...	...	140	...	...	350	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	470	230	235	505	260	245	9,440	4,630	4,805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	440	210	230	490	250	235	8,870	4,380	4,490
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	74,500	111,000	56,000	51,600	56,800	47,600	41,600	47,600	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	440	210	230	490	250	235	8,870	4,380	4,490
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	63,200	89,000	49,200	44,800	49,200	41,600	37,600	42,000	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	425	210	220	445	220	220	7,940	4,110	3,830
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	65,000	116,000	50,000	50,000	55,200	44,400	37,600	45,200	30,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	300	155	145	400	205	195	7,395	3,785	3,610
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,000	95,000	40,800	49,200	54,000	44,000	36,400	44,000	30,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	370	190	175	415	210	210	8,095	3,910	4,185
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,100	8,400	7,650	6,950	6,750	6,950	6,200	2,980	9,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10	10	5	65	30	35	1,360	520	845
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	6,500	6,280	6,650	6,000	5,480	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	100	50	45	165	85	80	3,765	1,770	1,995
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000	7,000	7,500	10,000	10,300	8,200	8,000	8,000	8,600
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	510	245	270	450	215	235	9,475	4,630	4,850
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	495	225	270	445	210	235	8,900	4,365	4,535
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	135,000	194,000	85,000	66,400	66,000	67,000	46,240	52,800	39,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	495	225	270	445	210	235	8,905	4,365	4,540
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	100,000	139,000	67,000	54,200	54,000	54,400	40,240	45,120	35,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	480	225	255	390	175	215	8,005	4,105	3,905
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	131,000	186,000	82,000	66,400	69,500	63,600	41,680	49,440	33,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	315	175	135	365	155	210	7,475	3,790	3,680
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	125,000	158,000	82,000	65,600	69,000	62,800	41,280	48,440	33,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	430	200	230	385	165	225	8,150	3,925	4,230
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,520	9,200	9,800	9,640	9,800	9,500	9,570	7,120	11,840
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	0	0	0	40	20	25	1,500	545	960
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	...	...	...	5,400	6,000	4,800	8,000	6,640	8,760
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	105	45	60	165	75	95	3,850	1,730	2,120
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,800	9,600	8,000	10,400	10,800	10,000	9,220	8,910	9,470
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	510	245	270	445	215	240	9,480	4,630	4,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	100	55	40	190	105	85	3,190	1,900	1,290
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	109,000	131,000	86,000	86,000	79,500	91,000	56,400	61,600	48,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	240,000	350,000	92,000	97,000	90,000	106,000	60,450	65,200	53,350
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	175	100	70	155	50	100	3,285	1,430	1,855
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,400	34,400	39,600	24,200	22,000	24,200	21,000	24,800	17,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	80,000	77,000	84,000	32,500	25,000	36,500	28,040	31,600	25,260
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	94.0	96.0	90.0	87.0	88.0	86.0	81.0	87.8	72.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	59.0	64.0	50.0	80.0	78.0	82.0	75.0	79.6	69.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	6.1	4.2	9.8	12.7	12.0	13.2	18.9	12.1	27.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	x	x	x	0.8	0.8	0.8	2.9	1.6	4.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	1.6	1.1	2.5	6.3	6.0	6.5	9.4	7.2	12.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	1.4	1.0	2.2	5.9	5.6	6.0	8.6	6.7	11.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	470	235	235	505	260	245	9,435	4,630	4,805
Without total income	30	20	10	15	10	5	570	255	315
With total income	440	215	225	490	250	240	8,865	4,375	4,490
Under $10,000 (including loss)	45	15	30	25	10	20	825	310	515
$10,000 to $19,999	35	10	25	30	20	15	840	355	480
$20,000 to $29,999	40	15	20	60	35	30	1,260	570	695
$30,000 to $39,999	20	10	15	60	30	30	1,305	510	800
$40,000 to $49,999	25	5	20	60	25	30	1,215	610	605
$50,000 to $59,999	20	10	15	30	20	15	980	505	475
$60,000 to $69,999	25	5	20	40	25	15	780	430	350
$70,000 to $79,999	25	10	10	35	15	15	560	340	220
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	10	25	15	10	370	240	125
$90,000 to $99,999	20	5	10	25	10	10	255	165	90
$100,000 and over	170	110	55	100	55	45	480	345	135
$100,000 to $149,999	60	30	30	60	35	25	380	265	120
$150,000 and over	115	80	30	40	20	15	95	80	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	470	235	235	505	260	245	9,435	4,630	4,805
Without after-tax income	30	20	10	15	10	5	565	255	315
With after-tax income	440	215	225	490	250	240	8,865	4,375	4,495
Under $10,000 (including loss)	45	20	30	30	10	20	830	315	520
$10,000 to $19,999	40	10	30	30	15	15	870	370	500
$20,000 to $29,999	45	20	25	75	30	40	1,475	650	820
$30,000 to $39,999	30	10	20	70	40	35	1,585	690	900
$40,000 to $49,999	25	10	15	50	25	25	1,420	725	695
$50,000 to $59,999	25	10	20	55	35	20	1,065	590	480
$60,000 to $69,999	25	10	15	35	15	20	700	425	275
$70,000 to $79,999	25	10	10	40	20	20	395	245	150
$80,000 to $89,999	20	5	15	30	15	10	225	155	70
$90,000 to $99,999	15	5	10	20	10	10	105	65	40
$100,000 and over	140	95	40	55	30	25	200	155	45
$100,000 to $124,999	35	15	15	30	20	10	130	90	35
$125,000 and over	105	80	30	25	10	10	70	60	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	470	235	235	505	260	245	9,435	4,630	4,805
Without employment income	170	80	90	105	55	45	2,040	845	1,200
With employment income	300	155	145	405	205	200	7,400	3,790	3,610
Under $5,000 (including loss)	50	30	25	35	20	15	705	295	410
$5,000 to $9,999	25	15	10	30	10	15	675	275	405
$10,000 to $19,999	20	10	15	45	15	30	910	395	510
$20,000 to $29,999	20	5	10	35	20	15	850	415	435
$30,000 to $39,999	15	5	10	25	15	15	825	375	450
$40,000 to $49,999	10	0	10	35	20	20	805	400	405
$50,000 to $59,999	15	0	10	20	15	10	715	380	330
$60,000 to $69,999	10	0	10	30	20	10	585	335	250
$70,000 to $79,999	5	0	10	25	10	15	425	285	145
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	0	20	15	10	295	195	100
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	20	5	10	195	135	60
$100,000 and over	105	75	30	80	45	30	405	300	105
$100,000 to $124,999	20	10	10	35	20	15	240	165	80
$125,000 and over	85	65	20	50	30	20	160	130	25
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	470	230	235	505	260	245	9,440	4,630	4,805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	435	220	215	475	240	235	8,655	4,285	4,370
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	75,500	111,000	54,800	48,400	56,000	44,400	39,200	46,400	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	435	220	215	480	245	235	8,660	4,285	4,375
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	64,500	86,000	48,400	42,800	48,800	39,200	36,000	41,200	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	410	205	205	445	220	225	7,795	4,025	3,770
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	75,500	114,000	48,400	49,200	56,800	43,600	39,600	47,200	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	310	160	145	395	200	195	7,370	3,775	3,595
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,400	95,000	40,400	49,600	56,400	44,800	38,000	44,800	32,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	345	185	160	395	195	200	7,755	3,775	3,980
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	2,520	1,230	3,840	930	800	1,020	1,050	900	3,520
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	10	0	0	40	25	20	885	295	595
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	x	...	...	5,600	5,080	x	6,800	4,760	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	510	245	270	450	215	235	9,475	4,630	4,850
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	480	225	255	430	195	235	8,665	4,285	4,380
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	149,000	216,000	90,000	62,800	63,600	62,000	43,440	50,400	36,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	480	225	255	430	195	235	8,665	4,285	4,380
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	107,200	147,000	71,500	51,600	52,800	50,800	37,840	43,000	32,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	450	210	235	400	175	225	7,870	4,040	3,825
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	152,500	220,000	91,000	62,800	65,500	60,400	43,360	51,250	35,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	335	175	160	360	150	210	7,450	3,820	3,635
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	138,500	200,000	72,000	63,000	66,000	60,800	42,680	49,600	35,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	400	205	195	370	160	215	7,775	3,785	3,995
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,280	7,950	8,700	4,900	5,000	4,800	4,520	2,324	6,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	0	0	0	25	0	0	1,000	305	695
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	...	...	...	12,000	...	...	8,800	6,080	10,020
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	510	245	270	445	215	240	9,480	4,630	4,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	100	55	40	190	105	85	3,155	1,880	1,275
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	119,000	131,000	82,000	71,000	65,000	82,000	50,400	55,200	42,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	248,000	360,000	96,000	89,000	79,000	102,000	56,200	61,750	48,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	175	95	80	135	40	100	3,035	1,330	1,700
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,400	62,400	25,400	25,600	49,200	20,000	30,200	34,400	26,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	104,000	136,000	68,000	38,500	48,000	35,500	35,240	40,960	30,760
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	95.0	96.0	92.0	93.0	94.0	92.0	90.6	96.0	83.6
Employment income (%)	64.0	71.0	50.0	84.0	80.0	86.0	84.6	87.8	80.2
Government transfers (%)	4.7	3.4	7.4	6.8	6.4	7.1	9.3	4.1	16.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	x	x	...	1.0	x	x	2.3	0.9	4.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	190	...	...	310	...	...	3,570	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	228,000	...	...	87,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	184,000	...	...	75,500	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	20	...	...	140	...	...	350	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	43,600	...	...	53,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	38,800	...	...	46,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	170	...	...	175	...	...	3,220	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	244,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	190,000	...	...	99,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	190	...	...	295	...	...	3,585	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	352,000	...	...	99,000	...	...	114,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	260,000	...	...	81,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	160	...	...	350	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	71,500	...	...	65,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	56,000	...	...	54,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	185	...	...	140	...	...	3,230	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	352,000	...	...	132,000	...	...	120,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	262,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	190	...	...	310	...	...	3,570	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	5	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	15	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	15	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	60	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	60	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	80	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	145	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	0	...	...	20	...	...	220	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	0	...	...	20	...	...	250	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5	...	...	20	...	...	315	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	0	...	...	25	...	...	315	...	...
$100,000 and over	150	...	...	130	...	...	1,985	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	10	...	...	35	...	...	700	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	25	...	...	515	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	25	...	...	30	...	...	515	...	...
$200,000 and over	105	...	...	40	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	190	...	...	310	...	...	3,570	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	5	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	20	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	15	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	15	...	...	65	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	65	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	85	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	90	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	0	...	...	20	...	...	200	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5	...	...	30	...	...	290	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	0	...	...	25	...	...	355	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5	...	...	20	...	...	400	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	0	...	...	20	...	...	350	...	...
$100,000 and over	150	...	...	100	...	...	1,580	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	35	...	...	700	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	420	...	...
$150,000 and over	115	...	...	45	...	...	460	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	165	...	...	155	...	...	3,155	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	246,000	...	...	122,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	188,000	...	...	104,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	2.5	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	70	...	...	90	...	...	470	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	242,000	...	...	118,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	184,000	...	...	99,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	85	...	...	40	...	...	2,270	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	292,000	...	...	190,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	232,000	...	...	151,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.2	...	...	3.5	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	15	...	...	20	...	...	275	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	81,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	72,500	...	...	70,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	3.2	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	25	10	10	185	100	85	725	385	335
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	71,500	x	x	44,800	47,200	42,000	46,400	46,400	46,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	61,200	x	x	38,800	40,400	37,600	41,200	41,200	41,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	180	...	...	100	...	...	3,135	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	352,000	...	...	140,000	...	...	117,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	260,000	...	...	114,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	65	...	...	385	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	250,000	...	...	144,000	...	...	103,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	195,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	88,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	95	...	...	25	...	...	2,395	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	460,000	...	...	170,000	...	...	123,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	330,000	...	...	140,000	...	...	108,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	15	...	...	260	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	180,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	150,000	...	...	70,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	0	0	0	240	110	130	770	355	415
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	x	...	x	65,500	65,000	66,000	55,100	55,800	54,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	x	...	x	52,800	52,000	53,000	46,300	46,600	46,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	565	280	285	565	295	265	12,770	6,310	6,455
0 to 17 years	130	65	65	70	45	25	3,725	1,870	1,850
0 to 5 years	20	5	10	30	15	15	1,690	860	830
18 to 64 years	285	130	150	440	230	210	8,435	4,150	4,285
65 years and over	150	85	70	55	25	30	610	295	315
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	25	15	15	60	25	30	675	320	350
0 to 17 years	5	5	0	5	0	5	270	135	135
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	60
18 to 64 years	15	10	5	40	25	15	375	175	200
65 years and over	5	0	5	15	0	15	20	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.8	5.0	5.0	10.0	8.5	12.0	5.3	5.1	5.4
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	7.4	7.2	7.5
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	7.9	8.8	7.2
18 to 64 years (%)	6.0	6.0	5.0	9.2	9.5	9.0	4.5	4.2	4.7
65 years and over (%)	5.0	x	6.0	20.0	x	36.0	3.8	4.5	3.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	565	280	285	565	300	265	12,765	6,315	6,455
0 to 17 years	125	65	65	70	40	30	3,725	1,875	1,855
0 to 5 years	15	10	10	35	20	20	1,690	860	830
18 to 64 years	285	130	150	440	230	210	8,430	4,145	4,290
65 years and over	155	80	70	55	25	30	610	295	315
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	25	5	15	40	20	20	375	185	190
0 to 17 years	5	0	5	0	0	0	130	65	60
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	25
18 to 64 years	10	5	10	40	20	15	240	115	125
65 years and over	5	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.0	3.0	4.5	7.4	6.8	8.5	3.0	2.9	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.4	3.5	3.3
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.4	4.0	2.8
18 to 64 years (%)	4.0	5.0	4.0	8.5	8.5	8.0	2.9	2.8	2.9
65 years and over (%)	3.0	x	6.0	8.0	x	12.0	1.2	x	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	565	280	285	560	300	265	12,770	6,310	6,455
In bottom half of the distribution	90	40	45	230	120	110	6,730	3,280	3,450
In bottom decile	30	15	15	60	25	35	610	295	315
In second decile	10	5	10	40	20	20	1,035	505	535
In third decile	20	5	10	55	30	20	1,395	675	725
In fourth decile	5	5	0	35	20	20	1,685	835	850
In fifth decile	20	10	10	45	25	15	2,005	975	1,030
In top half of the distribution	475	235	235	330	175	155	6,040	3,035	3,005
In sixth decile	25	15	10	45	20	20	1,615	795	815
In seventh decile	30	10	15	50	30	25	1,625	820	805
In eighth decile	30	15	15	55	30	30	1,445	715	730
In ninth decile	80	40	40	65	35	35	945	490	460
In top decile	315	160	155	115	60	55	410	220	195
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	565	...	...	565	...	...	12,765	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.478	...	...	0.350	...	...	0.230	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.514	...	...	0.430	...	...	0.321	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.422	...	...	0.314	...	...	0.208	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	6.4	...	...	4.3	...	...	2.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	565	280	285	565	300	265	12,965	6,375	6,590
English only	505	255	255	495	265	230	11,615	5,820	5,800
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
English and French	55	25	30	70	35	35	435	190	240
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	0	0	0	900	355	540
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	565	280	285	565	300	265	12,965	6,375	6,590
English	555	275	280	550	295	260	11,870	5,915	5,955
French	10	5	5	10	10	0	120	55	65
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	40
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	0	0	0	875	350	530
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	565	280	285	565	300	265	12,965	6,375	6,590
Single responses	540	270	270	545	290	260	11,530	5,660	5,870
Official languages	445	230	215	500	270	235	3,625	1,795	1,825
English	440	225	210	490	255	230	3,510	1,745	1,765
French	5	5	5	10	10	0	110	50	65
Non-official languages	90	35	55	45	20	20	7,905	3,865	4,045
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	90	35	55	45	20	20	7,905	3,865	4,040
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0	210	95	110
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	25
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0	165	80	90
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20
Arabic	5	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	55
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hebrew	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	970	435	535
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0	0	0	825	365	455
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	120	115
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	70
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	25
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	15	15	35	15	20	6,085	3,025	3,055
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	5	5	5	20	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	5	5	5	20	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	15	10	10	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	5	0	5	5	10	5	0	5
German	0	0	0	5	5	10	5	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	0	5	5	5	5	5	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	5	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	5	0	5,780	2,870	2,910
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	0	5	0	5,425	2,690	2,740
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	170	180
Hindi	0	0	0	5	5	0	340	170	170
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,920	1,940	1,980
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	295	290
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	180	170
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	115	100
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	75	75
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	25
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	5	10	5	5	270	135	135
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	5	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	0	0	0	5	5	0	250	130	125
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	0	0	0	5	0	0	5	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	15	0	0	0	135	60	75
Chinese languages	35	15	15	0	0	0	130	55	75
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	15	0	0	0	25	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0	0	0	95	45	50
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	15	20	15	10	1,430	715	720
English and French	0	0	0	10	5	5	30	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	10	5	5	1,255	615	640
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	120	65	60
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	565	280	285	565	300	265	12,965	6,375	6,590
English	460	235	225	510	275	240	3,435	1,700	1,730
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	25
Non-official language	15	10	10	5	5	5	3,140	1,515	1,630
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	10	5	5	5	3,140	1,515	1,625
English and French	10	5	5	5	5	0	80	35	40
English and non-official language(s)	80	35	45	40	20	20	5,860	2,900	2,955
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	40
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	150	170
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	565	280	285	565	300	265	12,965	6,375	6,590
Single responses	555	275	275	560	295	260	11,355	5,585	5,765
Official languages	505	255	250	540	290	255	5,050	2,480	2,570
English	505	255	250	540	290	255	4,990	2,455	2,535
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	35
Non-official languages	45	20	25	20	10	10	6,305	3,110	3,200
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	45	20	25	20	10	10	6,305	3,110	3,195
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	320	370
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	295	350
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	115
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	75
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	20
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	5	15	5	5	5,080	2,535	2,545
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	4,885	2,430	2,450
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	4,650	2,315	2,340
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	130	145
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	145	135
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	40
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,455	1,710	1,745
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	240	220
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	120	115
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	75	65
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	190	95	90
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	90	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	10	0	0	0	85	40	45
Chinese languages	20	15	10	0	0	0	80	35	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10	0	0	0	20	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	0	0	0	60	30	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	0	5	5	0	0	1,610	785	820
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	0	0	0	1,530	745	785
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	565	280	285	565	300	265	12,965	6,375	6,585
None	490	245	245	520	275	245	7,835	3,825	4,005
English	25	15	15	10	10	5	2,310	1,170	1,140
French	0	0	5	10	5	0	60	30	30
Non-official language	45	20	25	25	5	15	1,890	910	980
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	45	20	25	25	5	15	1,890	910	980
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	290	280
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	5	0	255	130	130
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	610	285	330	470	225	240	12,830	6,310	6,520
Official languages	600	280	325	470	225	240	11,950	5,935	6,015
English	600	280	325	470	225	240	11,940	5,930	6,010
French	50	25	25	45	15	30	360	180	180
Non-official languages	160	65	95	70	20	45	10,225	5,065	5,160
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	160	65	95	70	20	45	10,225	5,065	5,160
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	0	15	0	0	0	345	175	165
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	0	15	0	0	0	275	135	140
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	35
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	110	95
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,335	615	720
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	40	60
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	60	30
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,295	600	700
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	175	155
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	100	90
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	75	50
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	35	50	55	20	40	7,540	3,815	3,725
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	75	30	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	75	30	45
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	35	15	25	15	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	10	10	0	35	15	20	10	0	0
German	10	0	0	35	15	20	10	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	15	10	0	10	7,160	3,640	3,525
Indo-Aryan languages	25	10	15	10	0	10	6,820	3,460	3,360
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	85
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	280	240
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,440	1,250	1,195
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	0	0	0	0	4,945	2,480	2,475
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,100	565	535
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	235	210
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	90
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	50
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	100	65
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	95	55
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	10	25	30	15	15	395	190	205
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
Spanish	30	10	25	20	0	10	300	140	165
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	205	210
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	85	85
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	25	30	0	0	0	210	95	125
Chinese languages	55	25	30	0	0	0	210	95	125
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	20	25	0	0	0	65	25	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	65	85
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	615	285	330	470	225	245	12,830	6,310	6,520
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	10	0	0	15	15	0	65	30	35
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	10	0	0	15	15	0	65	25	35
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Métis	0	0	0	15	15	0	30	15	15
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	600	280	320	450	215	235	12,760	6,280	6,480
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	615	285	330	470	225	245	12,830	6,310	6,520
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	615	285	330	470	225	245	12,790	6,300	6,495
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	190	...	...	300	...	...	3,585	...	...
Owner	190	...	...	150	...	...	3,125	...	...
Renter	0	...	...	150	...	...	455	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	190	...	...	300	...	...	3,585	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	80	...	...	920	...	...
Not condominium	190	...	...	220	...	...	2,665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	190	...	...	300	...	...	3,585	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	35	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	110	...	...	235	...	...
2 bedrooms	0	...	...	70	...	...	505	...	...
3 bedrooms	25	...	...	80	...	...	1,585	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	165	...	...	30	...	...	1,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	190	...	...	300	...	...	3,585	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	0	...	...	155	...	...	1,350	...	...
5 rooms	10	...	...	50	...	...	875	...	...
6 rooms	0	...	...	35	...	...	555	...	...
7 rooms	15	...	...	20	...	...	365	...	...
8 or more rooms	160	...	...	40	...	...	445	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	10.3	...	...	4.7	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	190	...	...	300	...	...	3,585	...	...
One person or fewer per room	180	...	...	300	...	...	3,205	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	0	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	190	...	...	300	...	...	3,585	...	...
Suitable	190	...	...	290	...	...	3,140	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	10	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	190	...	...	300	...	...	3,585	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	165	...	...	15	...	...
1961 to 1980	80	...	...	30	...	...	20	...	...
1981 to 1990	80	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	30	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	0	...	...	45	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	40	...	...	720	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	25	...	...	2,750	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	190	...	...	300	...	...	3,585	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	175	...	...	270	...	...	3,505	...	...
Major repairs needed	15	...	...	30	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	190	...	...	300	...	...	3,585	...	...
One-maintainer household	70	...	...	205	...	...	1,180	...	...
Two-maintainer household	110	...	...	85	...	...	1,910	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	10	...	...	495	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	190	...	...	300	...	...	3,585	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	10	...	...	60	...	...
25 to 34 years	0	...	...	80	...	...	1,125	...	...
35 to 44 years	10	...	...	70	...	...	1,325	...	...
45 to 54 years	50	...	...	55	...	...	670	...	...
55 to 64 years	40	...	...	40	...	...	285	...	...
65 to 74 years	40	...	...	35	...	...	95	...	...
75 to 84 years	35	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	190	...	...	300	...	...	3,575	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	175	...	...	210	...	...	2,445	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	20	...	...	85	...	...	1,130	...	...
30% to less than 100%	0	...	...	85	...	...	1,105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	190	...	...	300	...	...	3,585	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...	105	...	...	1,525	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	20	...	...	65	...	...	1,010	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	10	...	...	345	...	...
Major repairs needed only	20	...	...	10	...	...	45	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	90	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	15	...	...	25	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	150	...	...	195	...	...	2,055	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	185	...	...	300	...	...	3,550	...	...
In core need	0	...	...	45	...	...	230	...	...
Not in core need	185	...	...	255	...	...	3,320	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	190	...	...	155	...	...	3,130	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	39.5	...	...	48.4	...	...	96.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.9	...	...	19.4	...	...	31.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	5.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,880	...	...	1,740	...	...	2,200	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,120	...	...	1,520	...	...	2,238	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,000,000	...	...	500,000	...	...	428,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,270,000	...	...	540,000	...	...	442,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	145	...	...	455	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	...	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	37.9	...	...	32.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	...	...	...	24.1	...	...	16.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	1,300	...	...	1,580	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	1,240	...	...	1,585	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	610	280	325	465	225	245	12,825	6,315	6,515
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	10	0	0	15	10	0	65	30	35
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	10	0	0	15	10	0	65	30	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	15	0	0	20	15	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	600	275	320	440	210	230	12,745	6,270	6,480
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	610	280	325	470	225	240	12,830	6,310	6,520
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	585	275	315	455	220	235	8,795	4,395	4,395
Canadian citizens aged under 18	125	65	70	20	10	0	3,325	1,670	1,660
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	465	210	245	435	210	225	5,470	2,725	2,740
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	20	10	15	10	0	10	4,035	1,915	2,120
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	610	280	325	470	225	240	12,830	6,310	6,520
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	450	210	235	425	210	215	4,375	2,180	2,195
Immigrants⁸¹	155	70	85	45	15	30	8,015	3,900	4,120
Before 1980	55	25	35	0	0	0	115	55	60
1980 to 1990	15	0	10	15	0	10	180	85	95
1991 to 2000	15	0	10	10	0	0	770	405	370
2001 to 2010	30	25	10	10	0	10	2,275	1,110	1,165
2011 to 2021⁸²	40	25	20	10	0	0	4,675	2,245	2,430
2011 to 2015	30	20	15	0	0	0	2,235	1,120	1,115
2016 to 2021	0	0	0	10	0	0	2,440	1,130	1,310
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	230	210
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	155	70	85	45	15	30	8,015	3,900	4,115
Under 5 years	15	0	15	0	0	0	555	230	320
5 to 14 years	10	10	0	10	0	0	1,020	545	470
15 to 24 years	40	15	20	0	0	0	1,635	760	870
25 to 44 years	75	30	45	20	10	15	3,910	1,920	1,990
45 years and over	20	15	10	10	0	10	910	445	470
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	155	70	85	45	15	30	8,015	3,900	4,115
Americas	25	15	10	0	0	0	295	150	150
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	50	30
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
United States of America	10	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Europe	30	15	20	30	10	15	205	85	115
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germany	10	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	15	0	10	55	15	40
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	25
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	370	400
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	55
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	120	130
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	25
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	155	145
Asia	80	40	45	0	0	0	6,675	3,255	3,420
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	90	70
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	45
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	40	20	20	0	0	0	75	20	55
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	595	670
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	75	55
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	1,965	1,980
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	295	310
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	0	225	90	135
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	10	0	10	80	40	35
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	0	0	0	10	0	0	2,445	1,130	1,310
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	70
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	25
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	125	145
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	85
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	915	1,060
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,325	635	695
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	170	245
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	610	285	330	470	230	240	12,830	6,310	6,520
First generation¹⁰⁰	195	75	120	60	30	25	8,525	4,180	4,350
Second generation¹⁰¹	180	100	85	85	30	55	3,475	1,725	1,745
Third generation or more¹⁰²	230	110	125	325	165	155	830	405	425
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	105	50	50	40	15	25	7,905	3,845	4,055
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	70	40	30	30	15	20	4,200	2,230	1,970
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	30	15	15	15	10	0	1,845	1,230	615
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	40	20	20	20	0	15	2,355	1,000	1,355
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	35	15	20	10	0	10	2,875	1,175	1,700
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	400	370
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	20
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	105	50	50	40	15	25	7,905	3,845	4,055
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	215	105
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	365	435
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	45	30
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20	0	10	10	0	10	775	525	245
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	75	40	35	30	10	20	5,930	2,695	3,235
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	610	285	330	470	225	245	12,830	6,310	6,520
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	200	80	115	25	10	10	11,765	5,790	5,970
South Asian	45	20	20	0	0	0	7,195	3,635	3,560
Chinese	75	40	45	0	0	0	195	90	105
Black	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	570	625
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	765	895
Arab	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	105	120
Latin American	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	110	130
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	105	135
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	205	125
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	90	130
Multiple visible minorities	35	0	30	0	0	0	230	95	135
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	410	205	205	445	215	225	1,065	515	545
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	610	280	330	470	225	240	12,830	6,310	6,520
Canadian	30	0	25	15	0	10	445	180	265
English	95	50	40	180	90	90	265	110	155
Irish	30	10	25	110	40	70	265	120	145
Scottish	115	60	50	145	70	70	235	130	105
French, n.o.s.¹²²	55	25	30	45	15	25	145	80	65
German	45	30	15	105	55	55	265	120	150
Chinese	80	40	40	0	0	0	285	110	175
Italian	30	15	15	25	0	20	70	35	35
Indian (India)	35	10	20	10	0	10	3,355	1,705	1,650
Ukrainian	35	15	15	55	25	30	120	45	75
Dutch	0	0	0	35	15	25	40	15	25
Polish	10	10	0	20	20	0	70	25	45
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	40	30	10	35	15	25	30	0	25
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,585	730	860
French Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	25	10	0	20	15	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	15	10	0	75	35	35
Russian	35	25	15	10	0	10	60	15	45
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	35
Welsh	0	0	0	20	15	10	10	0	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
American	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	25
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	45	80
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	0	10	0	10
Hungarian	30	20	0	15	15	0	30	20	10
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	320	335
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	120	135
Jewish	65	30	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	775	775
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	70
Greek	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	45
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	135	150
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	0	30
Romanian	10	0	0	10	0	0	35	25	15
Lebanese	20	15	10	0	0	0	35	20	15
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25
Danish	40	20	20	10	10	0	10	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	550	555
Austrian	0	0	0	15	0	0	10	0	10
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	240	225
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	25
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	100	100
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	70
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	45	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	35
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	145	100
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	70	50
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	95	95
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	50
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	35
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	65
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	60
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	30
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	55	25
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	45	80
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	15
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	60
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	55
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	25
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	615	285	330	465	225	245	12,830	6,310	6,520
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	50	85
Christian	235	100	135	135	65	70	3,660	1,740	1,920
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	435	525
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	25	10	15	20	10	10	20	0	15
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Catholic	100	50	55	55	25	30	1,940	940	995
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	70	90
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lutheran	0	0	0	15	0	0	10	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	90	120
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	15	10	0	10	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	25	15	10	10	0	10	135	65	70
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	740	700
Jewish	145	70	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,110	1,070	1,040
Sikh	15	0	10	10	0	10	4,215	2,105	2,115
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	205	105	100	310	150	160	1,270	605	670
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	610	280	325	465	225	240	12,495	6,125	6,365
Non-movers	555	250	310	390	195	195	10,085	4,950	5,140
Movers	50	30	20	75	30	45	2,410	1,175	1,230
Non-migrants	25	10	10	55	20	35	1,795	885	905
Migrants	30	20	15	20	10	10	610	295	320
Internal migrants	30	20	15	20	10	10	420	215	205
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	75	90
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	15	0	0	255	145	115
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	80	115
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	610	285	330	460	230	235	11,265	5,520	5,745
Non-movers	475	215	265	255	140	120	2,500	1,290	1,215
Movers	130	65	65	200	85	115	8,765	4,235	4,530
Non-migrants	90	50	40	130	60	70	6,065	2,940	3,130
Migrants	45	15	30	75	30	45	2,700	1,295	1,400
Internal migrants	30	15	20	75	30	45	1,215	620	595
Intraprovincial migrants	25	10	15	25	10	15	440	215	225
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	50	25	30	770	405	365
External migrants	15	0	10	0	0	0	1,485	675	805
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	510	245	270	445	215	235	9,480	4,630	4,850
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	45	25	20	60	35	30	1,625	775	850
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	470	220	250	385	180	205	7,855	3,855	4,000
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	275	130	155	360	175	190	7,390	3,595	3,795
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	0	0	0	50	25	25	925	425	500
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	270	130	145	310	150	165	6,465	3,170	3,295
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	510	245	265	450	215	235	9,480	4,630	4,855
No certificate, diploma or degree	40	25	15	50	25	25	1,515	720	795
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	140	65	80	105	45	55	2,145	1,155	990
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	330	155	180	295	135	155	5,820	2,750	3,070
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	80	45	35	135	55	80	2,145	1,070	1,080
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	10	0	25	20	10	345	235	110
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	90	55
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0	20	20	0	195	145	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	65	25	35	105	35	65	1,280	590	695
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	245	270
Bachelor's degree or higher	255	115	145	160	80	80	3,670	1,680	1,990
Bachelor's degree	120	45	75	95	55	40	2,405	1,100	1,300
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35	10	20	0	0	0	170	75	90
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	20	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Master's degree	55	15	40	40	15	25	1,000	455	545
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	10	0	25	0	10	35	15	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	275	125	150	365	175	185	7,390	3,595	3,795
No certificate, diploma or degree	0	0	0	40	20	25	820	375	450
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	40	20	20	80	35	45	1,410	815	595
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	230	110	120	240	115	125	5,155	2,405	2,755
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	55	25	30	100	40	60	1,800	880	920
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	15	15	0	25	10	10	290	195	95
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	45
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	15	0	20	10	0	180	135	45
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	45	15	30	75	30	45	1,065	475	590
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	205	235
Bachelor's degree or higher	170	85	90	140	70	65	3,360	1,525	1,835
Bachelor's degree	80	40	45	90	50	35	2,175	985	1,195
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	10	15	0	0	0	130	60	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	0	0	0	75	40	35
Master's degree	35	15	25	35	20	20	945	430	515
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	15	0	10	0	10	30	20	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	515	240	270	450	210	235	9,480	4,625	4,850
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	180	90	90	150	75	80	3,660	1,875	1,785
Education	25	0	25	0	0	0	200	15	180
13. Education	25	0	25	0	0	0	200	15	180
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	55	25	30	85	25	55
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	55	25	25	85	25	55
Humanities	20	0	15	15	0	0	430	170	255
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	40
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	120	160
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
54. History	10	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	50	20	30	25	0	20	425	125	295
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0	50	0	50
22. Legal professions and studies	25	15	0	0	0	0	85	30	60
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	0	10	10	0	10	50	0	50
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	80	100
Business, management and public administration	50	25	30	65	35	30	1,510	670	835
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	45	25	25	55	35	20	1,455	655	800
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	15	10	30	30	0	290	125	165
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	20	20	0	90	25	60
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0	110	50	60
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	10	0	0	0	0	85	50	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	0	10	0	0	0	540	300	240
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	250	195
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	65	55	0	55	35	20	1,115	955	160
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	10	0	0	25	10	15
14. Engineering	25	15	0	10	0	10	570	445	115
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	20	20	0	10	10	0	230	195	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	15	10	0	105	105	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	145	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	45	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	50	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	45	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Health and related fields	60	25	40	50	0	40	965	215	750
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	10	0	0	15	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	40	0	30	40	0	40	950	205	745
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	95	105
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	50	90
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	280	125	150	360	175	190	7,395	3,595	3,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	45	15	30	125	60	60	2,235	1,190	1,040
Education	20	0	20	10	0	0	170	15	155
13. Education	20	0	20	10	0	0	170	15	155
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	45	20	20	80	30	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	40	20	20	80	30	50
Humanities	10	0	10	10	0	10	340	130	215
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	85	130
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	20	25	20	0	15	360	110	250
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0	35	0	30
22. Legal professions and studies	25	15	0	0	0	0	70	20	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	0	10	0	10	40	0	30
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	70	100
Business, management and public administration	40	20	20	55	35	20	1,325	580	745
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	40	20	20	55	35	20	1,270	560	710
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	25	20	0	250	105	140
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	15	15	0	80	25	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	45	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	0	15	0	0	0	500	265	235
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	225	190
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	50	40	10	35	25	10	1,005	860	145
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
14. Engineering	20	15	10	10	0	10	530	415	110
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	15	15	0	0	0	0	200	175	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	10	0	0	90	90	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0	130	130	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	55	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	45	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Health and related fields	30	10	20	40	0	35	885	190	700
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	10	0	0	15	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	0	15	30	0	30	870	170	695
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	95
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	40	85
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	30	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	280	125	150	360	175	190	7,395	3,595	3,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	45	15	30	125	60	60	2,235	1,190	1,040
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	230	110	120	240	115	125	5,155	2,405	2,755
Location of study inside Canada	160	75	90	220	105	110	2,000	910	1,085
Same as province or territory of residence	90	40	55	140	65	75	1,375	550	825
Different than province or territory of residence	70	35	35	80	50	35	625	360	260
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	70	30	30	20	10	10	3,160	1,495	1,665
Americas	0	0	0	15	10	10	80	40	40
United States of America	0	0	0	15	10	10	60	25	40
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	20	10	10	0	0	0	100	45	55
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	95	95
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20
Asia	40	20	20	0	0	0	2,755	1,290	1,470
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	30	15	15	0	0	0	15	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	590	275	320
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	40	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,775	830	940
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	105	120
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	25	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	510	245	265	450	215	235	9,480	4,630	4,855
In the labour force	295	165	135	345	165	180	7,345	3,865	3,480
Employed	265	150	120	310	150	160	6,510	3,490	3,015
Unemployed	30	15	10	35	15	20	835	375	460
Not in the labour force	215	80	135	105	50	55	2,135	765	1,375
Participation rate	57.8	67.3	50.9	76.7	76.7	76.6	77.5	83.5	71.7
Employment rate	52.0	61.2	45.3	68.9	69.8	68.1	68.7	75.4	62.1
Unemployment rate	10.2	9.1	7.4	10.1	9.1	11.1	11.4	9.7	13.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	515	240	270	450	210	235	9,480	4,625	4,850
Did not work¹⁸⁶	220	80	140	95	50	45	2,675	1,100	1,580
Worked	290	160	130	350	160	190	6,805	3,530	3,270
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	100	60	45	190	105	85	3,300	1,970	1,330
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	190	100	90	160	50	105	3,505	1,560	1,945
Average weeks worked in reference year	37.8	38.4	37.2	43.3	46.0	41.0	39.6	41.6	37.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	300	165	135	345	165	180	7,345	3,865	3,475
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	10	0	0	0	215	105	110
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	285	155	125	340	160	180	7,125	3,760	3,370
Employee	195	100	95	305	135	170	6,155	3,020	3,135
Permanent position	155	75	80	255	105	155	5,235	2,630	2,605
Temporary position	40	20	15	50	25	20	925	390	530
Fixed term (1 year or more)	0	0	0	30	15	15	285	115	170
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	35	20	10	20	15	0	640	275	365
Self-employed¹⁹²	90	60	30	40	30	10	970	735	230
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	300	165	135	345	165	180	7,345	3,865	3,475
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	10	0	0	0	215	105	110
All occupations¹⁹¹	285	155	125	340	160	180	7,125	3,760	3,370
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	15	10	10	15	15	0	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	75	15	50	50	0	40	965	315	640
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	50	30	20	65	35	30	570	430	140
3 Health occupations	40	25	15	40	10	30	615	85	530
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	35	25	10	45	20	20	540	160	380
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	10	0	25	0	25	65	30	30
6 Sales and service occupations	40	25	15	70	35	30	2,140	875	1,265
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	15	15	0	35	25	10	1,840	1,590	245
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	10	10	0	95	85	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	180	120
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	300	165	135	345	165	180	7,345	3,865	3,475
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	10	0	0	0	215	105	110
All industries¹⁹¹	285	155	125	340	160	180	7,125	3,760	3,370
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	20	10	25	15	15	140	115	30
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
23 Construction	10	10	0	20	10	15	445	390	55
31-33 Manufacturing	10	0	10	15	10	0	400	280	115
41 Wholesale trade	15	10	0	20	15	0	200	140	65
44-45 Retail trade	20	15	0	15	0	10	1,170	545	625
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	15	15	0	1,270	985	280
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	10	0	0	135	70	65
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	15	10	0	220	105	115
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	10	0	15	10	0	90	55	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	75	45	35	50	35	15	395	230	165
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	0	10	0	0	0	385	225	160
61 Educational services	15	0	15	20	15	0	250	85	165
62 Health care and social assistance	40	25	20	55	0	50	985	110	870
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	10	15	0	10	45	15	35
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	0	30	10	25	525	200	330
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	15	10	0	210	95	115
91 Public administration	15	10	0	10	0	10	195	90	105
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	315	170	145	370	170	200	7,645	3,945	3,700
English	310	170	140	365	165	195	6,650	3,380	3,275
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	110	95
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	110	95
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	425	305
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	315	170	145	370	170	200	7,645	3,945	3,700
Single responses	315	170	145	370	170	200	7,470	3,840	3,625
Official languages	315	170	145	370	170	200	7,115	3,635	3,475
English	315	170	145	370	170	200	7,095	3,620	3,475
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	205	150
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	205	150
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	185	125
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	175	125
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	175	125
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	165	100
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	100	75
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	100	60
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	315	170	145	370	170	200	7,645	3,945	3,700
None	310	170	140	365	165	195	7,025	3,595	3,435
English	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	50
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	215	175
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	215	175
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	270	150	120	310	150	160	6,505	3,490	3,015
Worked at home	140	65	75	100	55	45	925	465	465
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
No fixed workplace address	0	0	0	25	20	0	1,250	925	330
Usual place of work	130	80	45	185	80	110	4,310	2,090	2,220
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	130	80	45	185	75	115	4,315	2,095	2,220
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	130	80	45	170	65	105	3,420	1,630	1,795
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	15	10	0	790	410	380
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	130	85	45	210	100	115	5,565	3,015	2,545
Car, truck or van	105	75	35	160	70	80	4,945	2,795	2,145
Car, truck or van - as a driver	105	75	35	150	65	80	4,590	2,710	1,880
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	10	0	0	355	85	265
Public transit	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	150	305
Walked	0	0	0	15	10	10	40	15	25
Bicycle	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	30	15	20	125	55	65
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	130	85	45	210	100	115	5,565	3,015	2,545
Less than 15 minutes	20	20	0	80	30	50	830	370	455
15 to 29 minutes	85	50	35	100	40	55	2,695	1,485	1,210
30 to 44 minutes	20	0	10	25	25	0	1,455	860	595
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	160	100
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	140	185
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	130	85	45	210	100	115	5,565	3,015	2,545
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	295	150
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	0	0	0	25	10	15	870	515	355
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	35	25	10	65	20	45	1,040	520	520
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	55	35	20	80	40	40	930	445	485
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	20	0	15	25	10	10	890	440	450
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	15	10	0	20	0	10	1,385	800	585
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	130	70	65	70	45	25	3,765	1,890	1,870
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	5	5	15	5	0	165	85	80
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	120	60	60	55	35	20	3,595	1,810	1,785
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	115	60	55	40	30	15	2,235	1,115	1,115
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	5	5	5	5	5	115	55	60
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	10	5	5	65	35	40
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	5	5	0	0	45	25	20
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	105	55	55	30	20	10	2,120	1,060	1,055

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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