Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062639More information: Alberta [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	3,715	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,126	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,115	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,849.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1.30	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	3,715	1,870	1,850
0 to 14 years	885	450	435
0 to 4 years	195	105	90
5 to 9 years	290	140	150
10 to 14 years	400	205	195
15 to 64 years	2,515	1,270	1,250
15 to 19 years	290	150	140
20 to 24 years	195	100	90
25 to 29 years	160	85	70
30 to 34 years	190	95	95
35 to 39 years	275	140	130
40 to 44 years	360	155	205
45 to 49 years	370	185	185
50 to 54 years	320	165	160
55 to 59 years	205	105	100
60 to 64 years	170	90	80
65 years and over	315	150	165
65 to 69 years	130	65	75
70 to 74 years	100	55	50
75 to 79 years	35	20	20
80 to 84 years	30	10	20
85 years and over	10	5	5
85 to 89 years	5	5	5
90 to 94 years	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	23.8	24.1	23.5
15 to 64 years	67.7	67.9	67.6
65 years and over	8.5	8.0	8.9
85 years and over	0.3	0.3	0.3
Average age of the population	35.6	35.3	35.9
Median age of the population	38.0	37.2	38.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,115	...	...
Single-detached house	985	...	...
Semi-detached house	40	...	...
Row house	85	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,115	...	...
1 person	100	...	...
2 persons	275	...	...
3 persons	200	...	...
4 persons	325	...	...
5 or more persons	210	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,715	1,870	1,850
Average household size	3.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	2,830	1,420	1,415
Married or living common-law	1,925	960	965
Married	1,780	890	895
Living common-law	145	75	75
Living common law - Never married	105	55	50
Living common law - Separated	10	0	5
Living common law - Divorced	30	15	15
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	905	455	450
Not married and not living common law - Never married	695	385	315
Not married and not living common law - Separated	30	10	15
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	110	45	65
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	65	15	55
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,045	...	...
2 persons	330	...	...
3 persons	220	...	...
4 persons	350	...	...
5 or more persons	150	...	...
Average size of census families	3.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,040	...	...
Total couple families	945	...	...
Married couples	870	...	...
With children⁶	625	...	...
Without children	245	...	...
Common-law couples	70	...	...
With children⁶	40	...	...
Without children	30	...	...
Total one-parent families	95	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	70	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	30	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	3,715	1,865	1,845
Total - Persons in census families	3,465	1,745	1,720
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,885	945	945
Parents in one-parent families	100	30	70
Children⁶	1,485	775	710
In a two-parent family	1,330	695	630
In a one-parent family	150	80	75
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	250	120	125
Living alone	100	50	45
Living with other relatives⁷	85	35	45
Living with non-relatives only	65	30	30
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,115	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	875	...	...
Couple-family households	805	...	...
With children⁶	580	...	...
Without children	225	...	...
One-parent-family households	70	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	65	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	45	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	25	...	...
One-person households	100	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	2,830	1,415	1,410
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,645	1,325	1,320
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,000	64,500	40,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,645	1,325	1,320
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	54,800	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,425	1,240	1,185
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,600	64,500	34,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,095	1,095	1,000
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,000	68,000	38,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,295	1,105	1,190
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,840	3,760	7,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	255	125	130
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	860	430	435
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	10,000	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	2,935	1,470	1,460
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,715	1,350	1,365
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	68,600	84,400	53,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,715	1,350	1,365
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,800	66,400	45,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,475	1,255	1,210
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	67,500	83,400	51,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,155	1,115	1,040
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	67,300	81,800	51,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,390	1,155	1,230
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,280	8,020	8,520
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	310	155	160
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,280	5,800	6,700
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	850	465	385
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,640	10,320	8,840
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	2,935	1,470	1,465
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,160	650	510
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	84,000	94,000	67,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	100,200	118,600	76,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	790	375	420
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,800	26,200	21,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,650	32,600	28,900
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	89.4	92.0	85.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	77.8	80.0	74.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	10.6	8.1	14.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.8	1.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.9	4.4	5.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.4	4.2	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	2,830	1,420	1,415
Without total income	180	90	95
With total income	2,650	1,325	1,320
Under $10,000 (including loss)	270	110	155
$10,000 to $19,999	240	100	145
$20,000 to $29,999	380	165	215
$30,000 to $39,999	255	105	145
$40,000 to $49,999	180	70	110
$50,000 to $59,999	190	90	105
$60,000 to $69,999	175	65	110
$70,000 to $79,999	135	65	70
$80,000 to $89,999	145	90	55
$90,000 to $99,999	135	85	45
$100,000 and over	545	380	165
$100,000 to $149,999	355	235	120
$150,000 and over	195	145	45
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	2,830	1,420	1,415
Without after-tax income	180	90	95
With after-tax income	2,650	1,325	1,320
Under $10,000 (including loss)	265	115	155
$10,000 to $19,999	255	105	150
$20,000 to $29,999	420	180	245
$30,000 to $39,999	285	120	160
$40,000 to $49,999	235	100	135
$50,000 to $59,999	220	100	125
$60,000 to $69,999	200	100	100
$70,000 to $79,999	185	115	65
$80,000 to $89,999	160	90	70
$90,000 to $99,999	100	65	35
$100,000 and over	320	235	85
$100,000 to $124,999	165	120	50
$125,000 and over	155	120	30
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	2,830	1,420	1,415
Without employment income	735	320	410
With employment income	2,095	1,095	1,000
Under $5,000 (including loss)	255	120	135
$5,000 to $9,999	170	65	105
$10,000 to $19,999	185	75	110
$20,000 to $29,999	160	75	80
$30,000 to $39,999	130	50	80
$40,000 to $49,999	120	45	70
$50,000 to $59,999	140	65	80
$60,000 to $69,999	140	65	75
$70,000 to $79,999	110	55	55
$80,000 to $89,999	105	70	30
$90,000 to $99,999	115	60	50
$100,000 and over	475	340	135
$100,000 to $124,999	200	130	70
$125,000 and over	275	210	65
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	2,830	1,415	1,410
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,580	1,290	1,290
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,400	67,500	38,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,580	1,290	1,290
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,800	57,600	36,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,385	1,225	1,160
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,000	67,500	38,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,100	1,105	990
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,000	72,000	41,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,125	1,050	1,075
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,030	900	2,720
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	165	70	100
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,750	6,320	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	2,935	1,470	1,460
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,680	1,350	1,330
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	68,200	83,500	52,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,680	1,350	1,330
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,850	65,000	44,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,450	1,255	1,195
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	70,600	86,600	53,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,165	1,140	1,030
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	71,600	86,400	55,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,185	1,085	1,100
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,244	3,320	5,160
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	150	70	75
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,500	7,000	8,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	2,935	1,470	1,465
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,165	650	515
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	84,000	97,000	64,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	99,800	120,200	73,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	770	375	395
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,400	30,400	29,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	40,700	44,200	37,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	95.0	96.8	92.0
Employment income (%)	85.0	87.2	81.2
Government transfers (%)	5.1	3.2	8.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	0.4	0.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,115	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	100	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,015	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	150,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,130	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	164,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	134,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	85	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,050	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	170,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	138,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,115	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	35	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	35	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	65	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	800	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	125	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	155	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	240	...	...
$200,000 and over	280	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,115	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	70	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	60	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	720	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	190	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	185	...	...
$150,000 and over	345	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,005	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	148,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	230	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	665	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	160,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	80	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	165	90	75
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,000	62,400	47,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,600	53,200	44,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,025	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	171,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	139,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	260	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	162,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	670	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	180,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	146,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	140	70	70
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	76,000	100,000	52,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	61,000	74,000	46,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	3,715	1,870	1,850
0 to 17 years	1,075	550	525
0 to 5 years	245	125	120
18 to 64 years	2,325	1,170	1,155
65 years and over	315	150	165
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	200	105	90
0 to 17 years	65	40	30
0 to 5 years	15	10	5
18 to 64 years	110	55	55
65 years and over	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.4	5.7	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	6.8	5.2
0 to 5 years (%)	7.0	8.0	5.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.7	4.8	4.4
65 years and over (%)	8.0	7.0	9.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	3,715	1,865	1,845
0 to 17 years	1,075	545	530
0 to 5 years	245	125	120
18 to 64 years	2,330	1,175	1,160
65 years and over	310	145	165
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	130	75	55
0 to 17 years	45	30	20
0 to 5 years	10	10	0
18 to 64 years	85	45	35
65 years and over	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.6	4.0	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	4.0	4.8	3.2
0 to 5 years (%)	4.5	6.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	3.5	3.8	3.2
65 years and over (%)	3.0	3.0	2.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	3,715	1,870	1,850
In bottom half of the distribution	1,105	555	550
In bottom decile	185	105	85
In second decile	200	90	110
In third decile	180	90	90
In fourth decile	255	125	135
In fifth decile	285	145	145
In top half of the distribution	2,610	1,315	1,295
In sixth decile	380	195	190
In seventh decile	465	235	230
In eighth decile	550	260	285
In ninth decile	540	270	270
In top decile	675	355	320
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	3,715	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.286	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.363	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.252	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	3,715	1,865	1,845
English only	3,380	1,715	1,660
French only	0	0	0
English and French	265	120	140
Neither English nor French	75	25	45
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	3,715	1,865	1,845
English	3,585	1,810	1,775
French	35	15	15
English and French	20	10	15
Neither English nor French	75	25	45
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	3,715	1,865	1,845
Single responses	3,480	1,745	1,740
Official languages	2,240	1,160	1,080
English	2,215	1,145	1,070
French	25	20	10
Non-official languages	1,240	580	660
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,240	580	660
Afro-Asiatic languages	140	70	70
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	5
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	130	65	65
Amharic	10	10	5
Arabic	100	45	50
Aramaic languages	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	65	30	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	60	30	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	105	40	60
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	35	50
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	25	20
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	20	20
Tamil	5	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	465	220	245
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	15	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	15	25
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	5
Russian	10	5	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0
Serbian	10	0	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	10
German	5	0	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	0
Afrikaans	5	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	320	160	155
Indo-Aryan languages	240	120	115
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	25	10	15
Gujarati	25	5	15
Hindi	20	10	10
Kacchi	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	85	45	40
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	70	35	30
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	80	40	40
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	20	10	10
Persian languages	60	25	35
Dari	25	10	15
Iranian Persian	30	15	20
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	40	50
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	5
Spanish	70	30	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	5
Korean	25	10	15
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	20	15
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	345	155	185
Chinese languages	340	155	185
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	140	65	70
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	190	85	105
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0
Burmese	5	5	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	235	125	110
English and French	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	200	105	95
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	10
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	3,715	1,865	1,845
English	2,230	1,150	1,085
French	10	10	5
Non-official language	320	150	170
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	320	150	170
English and French	40	20	15
English and non-official language(s)	1,060	515	550
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	15
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	3,715	1,865	1,845
Single responses	3,465	1,740	1,725
Official languages	2,740	1,400	1,340
English	2,730	1,390	1,340
French	15	5	5
Non-official languages	720	340	380
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	720	340	380
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	30	40
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	5
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	35	35
Amharic	10	5	0
Arabic	40	15	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	55	30	25
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	20	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10
Tamil	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	285	130	150
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	215	105	115
Indo-Aryan languages	165	85	85
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	5
Gujarati	5	5	0
Hindi	15	5	10
Kacchi	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	35	30
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	50	20	30
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	50	20	30
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	15	10	10
Persian languages	35	15	20
Dari	15	10	10
Iranian Persian	20	10	15
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	20	30
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	40	15	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	235	115	125
Chinese languages	235	115	125
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	110	55	55
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	125	55	65
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	250	130	125
English and French	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	240	120	120
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	3,715	1,870	1,845
None	2,770	1,410	1,365
English	330	160	175
French	35	20	15
Non-official language	465	235	235
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	465	235	235
English and French	5	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	40	15	20
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	55	25	25
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	3,725	1,890	1,835
Official languages	3,645	1,865	1,780
English	3,645	1,865	1,780
French	235	120	115
Non-official languages	1,850	875	980
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,850	875	980
Afro-Asiatic languages	170	85	80
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	145	80	65
Amharic	55	35	20
Arabic	95	40	50
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	20	15	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115	55	60
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	115	55	60
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	190	90	100
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	0	15
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	175	80	95
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	65	25	40
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	60	25	35
Tamil	20	15	10
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	760	375	380
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	20	15
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	20	15	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	560	275	280
Indo-Aryan languages	510	260	250
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	40	15	25
Gujarati	55	20	30
Hindi	140	65	75
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	200	120	85
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	225	130	100
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	100	45	55
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	45	20	25
Persian languages	60	25	35
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	40	15	30
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	160	85	75
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	0
Portuguese	10	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	140	70	70
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10
Korean	35	10	30
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	120	65	45
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	40	15	25
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	50	30	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	450	200	255
Chinese languages	450	200	255
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	190	80	105
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	25	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	320	130	185
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	20	10
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	20	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,725	1,890	1,835
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	125	50	75
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	120	50	70
First Nations (North American Indian)	25	15	10
Métis	95	35	55
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	3,595	1,835	1,760
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,725	1,890	1,835
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	40	15	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,685	1,880	1,810
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,130	...	...
Owner	1,020	...	...
Renter	115	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,130	...	...
Condominium	85	...	...
Not condominium	1,040	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,130	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	20	...	...
2 bedrooms	45	...	...
3 bedrooms	575	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	495	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,130	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	140	...	...
5 rooms	170	...	...
6 rooms	185	...	...
7 rooms	180	...	...
8 or more rooms	460	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,130	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,090	...	...
More than one person per room	45	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,130	...	...
Suitable	1,080	...	...
Not suitable	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,130	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	30	...	...
2001 to 2005	490	...	...
2006 to 2010	515	...	...
2011 to 2015	80	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,130	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,090	...	...
Major repairs needed	40	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,130	...	...
One-maintainer household	355	...	...
Two-maintainer household	705	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	75	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,130	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	85	...	...
35 to 44 years	290	...	...
45 to 54 years	370	...	...
55 to 64 years	240	...	...
65 to 74 years	115	...	...
75 to 84 years	25	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,135	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	945	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	185	...	...
30% to less than 100%	180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,130	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	255	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	170	...	...
Not suitable only	35	...	...
Major repairs needed only	30	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	870	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,125	...	...
In core need	55	...	...
Not in core need	1,065	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,015	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	75.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,200	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,060	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	536,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	528,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	110	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	27.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	14.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,040	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,840	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	3,730	1,890	1,835
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	25	10	15
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	125	55	70
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	125	55	70
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	40	15	20
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	85	35	45
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	3,580	1,825	1,750
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	3,725	1,890	1,835
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	3,435	1,750	1,680
Canadian citizens aged under 18	940	485	450
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,495	1,270	1,230
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	290	140	155
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	3,725	1,890	1,835
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	2,090	1,105	985
Immigrants⁸¹	1,610	775	830
Before 1980	125	65	65
1980 to 1990	235	130	110
1991 to 2000	280	120	165
2001 to 2010	555	280	270
2011 to 2021⁸²	410	185	225
2011 to 2015	260	105	155
2016 to 2021	150	80	70
Non-permanent residents⁸³	30	10	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,610	775	830
Under 5 years	145	75	75
5 to 14 years	275	140	135
15 to 24 years	300	165	135
25 to 44 years	755	350	405
45 years and over	135	50	80
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,610	775	830
Americas	95	50	40
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	25	10	15
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	25	15	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	105	50	55
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	10
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	20	25
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10
Africa	310	175	140
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	35	10	25
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	50	30	20
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	140	75	60
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	60	30	30
Asia	1,095	500	595
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	25	10	15
Iraq	20	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	15	0	10
China⁹⁰	145	60	85
Hong Kong⁹¹	60	30	30
Korea, South⁹²	30	10	15
Taiwan	20	10	10
Philippines	180	85	95
Viet Nam	105	55	50
Bangladesh	30	15	15
India	225	95	125
Pakistan	155	80	75
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	90	35	50
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	150	80	70
Americas	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	25	20	10
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	100	45	50
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	10	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	35	20	15
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	10
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	3,725	1,890	1,835
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,670	815	855
Second generation¹⁰¹	985	500	485
Third generation or more¹⁰²	1,065	570	495
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,485	715	765
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	875	430	445
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	330	195	135
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	545	235	315
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	405	150	250
Refugees¹⁰⁸	180	120	65
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	20	15	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,485	715	765
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	45	40	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	105	40	65
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	40	15	25
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	85	35	45
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,200	575	620
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	3,725	1,890	1,835
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,175	1,095	1,080
South Asian	645	320	325
Chinese	500	245	250
Black	290	180	115
Filipino	260	125	135
Arab	85	35	55
Latin American	65	30	35
Southeast Asian	130	75	50
West Asian	65	25	40
Korean	30	10	25
Japanese	15	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	80	40	40
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,550	795	755
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	3,725	1,890	1,835
Canadian	230	120	110
English	415	230	185
Irish	240	115	130
Scottish	370	175	195
French, n.o.s.¹²²	125	55	70
German	275	135	135
Chinese	500	260	240
Italian	145	70	75
Indian (India)	320	145	170
Ukrainian	145	75	65
Dutch	85	40	45
Polish	65	35	30
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	70	45	25
Filipino	285	145	140
French Canadian	15	10	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	95	50	45
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	20	10	10
Métis	105	45	60
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	40	30	15
Russian	25	25	0
Norwegian	35	15	20
Welsh	60	25	30
Portuguese	30	25	10
American	25	10	15
Spanish	100	55	45
Swedish	65	30	35
Hungarian	45	25	20
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	180	95	80
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	10	0
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	70	45	25
Vietnamese	70	35	35
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	25	15	10
Greek	30	15	15
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	75	25	45
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	25	0	15
Korean	35	15	25
Romanian	20	10	0
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	40	10	30
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	30	15	10
Danish	30	15	15
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0
Sikh	25	15	10
Austrian	0	0	0
Belgian	40	15	25
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0
Finnish	45	20	25
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	10
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	55	25	35
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	15	15	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	10	25
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	30	15	10
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	20	10	10
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	40	15	20
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	30	15	15
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	35	10	25
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	80	45	35
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	25	10	20
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	25	20	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	0	10
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	45	20	25
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	40	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	25	15	10
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	30	10	20
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	65	40	25
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	50	25	30
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	45	25	25
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	0	10
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	3,725	1,890	1,835
Buddhist	120	50	75
Christian	1,785	915	875
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	460	245	220
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	55	35	20
Baptist	20	15	0
Catholic	855	415	435
Christian Orthodox	100	40	60
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	15	0	10
Lutheran	25	10	10
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	110	70	40
Presbyterian	25	20	10
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	15	0	10
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	85	45	40
Hindu	35	20	15
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	525	260	270
Sikh	165	85	80
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	10	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	1,075	570	505
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	3,695	1,875	1,815
Non-movers	3,410	1,735	1,680
Movers	285	140	140
Non-migrants	245	120	120
Migrants	40	25	20
Internal migrants	20	10	10
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	15	0	10
External migrants	20	15	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	3,580	1,825	1,755
Non-movers	2,605	1,340	1,265
Movers	975	480	490
Non-migrants	615	320	300
Migrants	355	165	190
Internal migrants	240	95	140
Intraprovincial migrants	95	45	55
Interprovincial migrants	140	55	90
External migrants	120	70	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,935	1,475	1,460
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	365	170	195
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,565	1,295	1,270
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,160	1,085	1,075
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	110	65	45
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,050	1,015	1,030
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,935	1,470	1,460
No certificate, diploma or degree	335	155	180
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	615	330	285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,985	985	990
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	765	405	360
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	155	95	60
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	55	15	40
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	100	75	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	480	245	240
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	130	70	60
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,220	580	630
Bachelor's degree	820	395	430
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80	35	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	20	15
Master's degree	240	115	130
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	25	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,160	1,080	1,075
No certificate, diploma or degree	80	50	35
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	395	220	175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,680	810	865
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	625	330	295
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	130	80	50
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	45	10	30
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	90	70	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	390	190	200
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	105	60	50
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,055	485	570
Bachelor's degree	695	310	380
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	75	40	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	15	10
Master's degree	220	100	120
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	15	20
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,930	1,470	1,460
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	950	485	465
Education	125	50	75
13. Education	125	50	75
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	20	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	20	10
Humanities	85	20	65
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	20	45
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	220	85	130
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	20	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	35	10	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	30	0	30
45. Social sciences	90	50	40
Business, management and public administration	440	185	255
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	430	185	245
Physical and life sciences and technologies	110	50	60
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	15	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	15	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	30	15	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	135	80	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105	70	30
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	10	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	470	395	80
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	215	170	50
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	145	125	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	35	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	45	45	0
48. Precision production	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	20	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0
Health and related fields	290	65	230
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	280	50	225
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	60	25	35
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	45	15	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,155	1,085	1,075
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	480	270	210
Education	105	35	70
13. Education	105	35	70
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	15	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	15	10
Humanities	70	15	60
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	10	45
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	180	70	115
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	25	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	30	0	30
45. Social sciences	90	50	40
Business, management and public administration	365	150	220
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	360	150	210
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85	40	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	10	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	10	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	15	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	110	70	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	60	25
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	405	330	75
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	180	140	50
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	125	105	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	35	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35	35	0
48. Precision production	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	20	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	15	0
Health and related fields	260	55	205
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	245	45	200
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	45	20	25
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	30	10	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,155	1,085	1,075
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	480	270	210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,680	815	870
Location of study inside Canada	1,145	565	580
Same as province or territory of residence	825	390	435
Different than province or territory of residence	320	175	145
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	530	245	285
Americas	60	30	35
United States of America	25	10	20
Mexico	15	0	15
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	55	25	25
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	15	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	75	50	25
Nigeria	40	25	10
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	15
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	20	15	0
Asia	325	140	190
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	15	0	10
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	40	20	20
Taiwan	10	0	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	0
Philippines	75	35	40
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	85	40	45
Pakistan	50	20	30
Other locations of study in Asia	20	10	10
Oceania	15	0	10
Australia	10	0	10
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	2,935	1,470	1,460
In the labour force	2,210	1,165	1,040
Employed	1,940	1,025	910
Unemployed	270	140	130
Not in the labour force	720	305	420
Participation rate	75.3	79.3	71.2
Employment rate	66.1	69.7	62.3
Unemployment rate	12.2	12.0	12.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	2,930	1,470	1,460
Did not work¹⁸⁶	825	365	465
Worked	2,105	1,105	1,000
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,220	685	535
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	885	425	465
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.5	44.0	42.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,210	1,165	1,045
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	105	55	50
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,110	1,110	995
Employee	1,755	900	855
Permanent position	1,440	750	685
Temporary position	320	145	175
Fixed term (1 year or more)	150	65	80
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	170	80	95
Self-employed¹⁹²	350	215	135
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,210	1,165	1,045
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	105	55	50
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,110	1,110	995
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	20	15	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	420	140	280
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	315	235	80
3 Health occupations	215	55	155
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	255	90	170
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	35	25	10
6 Sales and service occupations	480	245	230
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	285	245	40
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	20	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	65	45	25
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,210	1,165	1,045
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	105	55	50
All industries¹⁹¹	2,110	1,110	995
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	135	70	65
22 Utilities	15	15	0
23 Construction	135	105	30
31-33 Manufacturing	95	60	35
41 Wholesale trade	35	25	0
44-45 Retail trade	210	100	110
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	180	120	60
51 Information and cultural industries	50	40	10
52 Finance and insurance	120	75	45
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	40	25	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	260	135	130
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	65	30	35
61 Educational services	200	75	120
62 Health care and social assistance	275	75	205
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	0	20
72 Accommodation and food services	115	60	50
81 Other services (except public administration)	60	35	30
91 Public administration	105	60	50
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,225	1,185	1,040
English	2,070	1,100	970
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	20	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	0	0
English and French	25	10	15
English and non-official language(s)	115	65	50
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,225	1,185	1,040
Single responses	2,185	1,160	1,020
Official languages	2,145	1,140	1,005
English	2,140	1,140	1,000
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	35	15	20
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	35	15	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	0
Chinese languages	15	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	40	20	20
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	40	20	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,225	1,185	1,040
None	2,125	1,130	1,000
English	25	10	10
French	20	10	15
Non-official language	50	30	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	50	30	15
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,940	1,025	915
Worked at home	525	240	290
Worked outside Canada	20	15	0
No fixed workplace address	260	185	75
Usual place of work	1,135	590	550
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,135	590	550
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,035	525	510
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	70	45	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	25	25	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,390	775	620
Car, truck or van	1,270	735	535
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,170	710	460
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	95	25	70
Public transit	35	10	30
Walked	20	0	20
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	65	25	40
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,390	775	620
Less than 15 minutes	235	85	150
15 to 29 minutes	630	335	290
30 to 44 minutes	385	270	115
45 to 59 minutes	75	45	30
60 minutes and over	70	40	25
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,390	775	620
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	60	35	30
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	255	155	95
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	365	195	170
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	295	160	130
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	205	105	100
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	205	120	85
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,095	560	535
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	85	45	45
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,005	515	495
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	885	445	435
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75	40	35
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	15	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	25	25
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	810	410	400

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 16, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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