Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062629More information: Alberta [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	3,371	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,253	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,190	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4,018.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.84	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	3,370	1,675	1,700
0 to 14 years	810	435	370
0 to 4 years	330	165	165
5 to 9 years	255	150	105
10 to 14 years	220	125	100
15 to 64 years	2,420	1,180	1,240
15 to 19 years	180	80	100
20 to 24 years	195	105	95
25 to 29 years	260	125	135
30 to 34 years	445	200	245
35 to 39 years	395	205	195
40 to 44 years	280	135	140
45 to 49 years	250	115	130
50 to 54 years	195	90	100
55 to 59 years	145	85	65
60 to 64 years	75	50	30
65 years and over	145	55	85
65 to 69 years	65	25	40
70 to 74 years	40	15	25
75 to 79 years	20	5	15
80 to 84 years	10	5	5
85 years and over	5	0	0
85 to 89 years	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	24.0	26.0	21.8
15 to 64 years	71.8	70.4	72.9
65 years and over	4.3	3.3	5.0
85 years and over	0.1	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	31.6	30.9	32.4
Median age of the population	32.8	32.8	32.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,190	...	...
Single-detached house	670	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...
Row house	300	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	60	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	155	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,190	...	...
1 person	220	...	...
2 persons	360	...	...
3 persons	225	...	...
4 persons	245	...	...
5 or more persons	145	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,370	1,675	1,695
Average household size	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	2,565	1,240	1,330
Married or living common-law	1,700	845	855
Married	1,455	720	730
Living common-law	245	125	125
Living common law - Never married	210	110	105
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	35	15	20
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	865	390	475
Not married and not living common law - Never married	655	335	315
Not married and not living common law - Separated	50	15	30
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	105	35	75
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	55	5	50
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	960	...	...
2 persons	380	...	...
3 persons	230	...	...
4 persons	250	...	...
5 or more persons	100	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	955	...	...
Total couple families	830	...	...
Married couples	710	...	...
With children⁶	505	...	...
Without children	200	...	...
Common-law couples	125	...	...
With children⁶	20	...	...
Without children	100	...	...
Total one-parent families	125	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	105	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	20	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	3,370	1,675	1,695
Total - Persons in census families	2,965	1,485	1,485
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,665	830	835
Parents in one-parent families	125	20	105
Children⁶	1,180	635	545
In a two-parent family	990	540	450
In a one-parent family	190	95	90
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	405	185	215
Living alone	215	105	110
Living with other relatives⁷	85	30	55
Living with non-relatives only	100	55	45
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,190	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	830	...	...
Couple-family households	725	...	...
With children⁶	470	...	...
Without children	255	...	...
One-parent-family households	105	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	50	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	40	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	45	...	...
One-person households	220	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	2,565	1,235	1,330
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,375	1,155	1,220
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,800	62,400	41,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,375	1,155	1,220
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,800	53,600	38,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,185	1,100	1,080
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,400	61,600	37,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,005	1,020	985
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,600	63,600	40,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,060	960	1,100
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,240	1,900	7,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	315	130	185
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,680	5,280	5,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	840	375	465
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	8,000	9,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	2,520	1,205	1,315
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,365	1,165	1,205
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,600	67,400	48,100
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,365	1,165	1,205
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,680	55,500	42,100
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,185	1,110	1,065
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,600	65,000	43,700
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,025	1,025	1,000
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,800	64,400	42,900
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,075	985	1,090
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,300	5,960	10,420
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	330	165	165
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,960	4,360	9,500
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	900	410	490
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,620	8,160	9,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	2,525	1,210	1,310
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	930	515	415
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	72,000	81,000	63,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	79,200	88,800	67,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	880	415	465
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,200	38,400	19,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,600	42,400	27,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	87.4	92.4	80.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	80.0	84.4	74.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	12.6	7.5	19.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	0.9	2.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.2	4.5	8.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.7	4.3	7.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	2,565	1,240	1,330
Without total income	190	85	110
With total income	2,375	1,155	1,220
Under $10,000 (including loss)	195	75	125
$10,000 to $19,999	225	85	140
$20,000 to $29,999	270	100	165
$30,000 to $39,999	265	105	155
$40,000 to $49,999	225	90	135
$50,000 to $59,999	195	90	105
$60,000 to $69,999	195	100	95
$70,000 to $79,999	170	95	75
$80,000 to $89,999	130	80	45
$90,000 to $99,999	140	75	60
$100,000 and over	375	260	115
$100,000 to $149,999	275	175	100
$150,000 and over	105	80	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	2,565	1,240	1,330
Without after-tax income	190	85	110
With after-tax income	2,380	1,155	1,220
Under $10,000 (including loss)	200	75	125
$10,000 to $19,999	230	90	140
$20,000 to $29,999	310	120	190
$30,000 to $39,999	315	125	185
$40,000 to $49,999	280	120	155
$50,000 to $59,999	245	125	120
$60,000 to $69,999	225	125	95
$70,000 to $79,999	165	105	65
$80,000 to $89,999	125	70	55
$90,000 to $99,999	105	70	35
$100,000 and over	180	130	50
$100,000 to $124,999	105	70	35
$125,000 and over	75	60	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	2,565	1,240	1,330
Without employment income	560	215	345
With employment income	2,005	1,025	985
Under $5,000 (including loss)	185	70	115
$5,000 to $9,999	130	50	80
$10,000 to $19,999	195	75	120
$20,000 to $29,999	155	55	100
$30,000 to $39,999	150	70	80
$40,000 to $49,999	170	80	90
$50,000 to $59,999	140	70	65
$60,000 to $69,999	175	95	80
$70,000 to $79,999	145	70	75
$80,000 to $89,999	115	70	45
$90,000 to $99,999	120	75	45
$100,000 and over	320	230	95
$100,000 to $124,999	160	100	55
$125,000 and over	165	130	35
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	2,565	1,235	1,330
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,315	1,125	1,190
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,600	61,600	39,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,315	1,125	1,190
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	52,800	35,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,145	1,075	1,070
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,000	63,600	38,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,000	1,010	990
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,400	63,200	40,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,975	935	1,035
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	980	890	2,520
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	225	80	145
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,700	4,480	11,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	2,520	1,205	1,315
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,290	1,115	1,175
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,100	66,400	48,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,290	1,115	1,175
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,000	54,400	42,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,135	1,065	1,065
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,350	67,200	47,500
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,970	975	995
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,600	68,000	45,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,990	940	1,045
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,300	2,468	5,960
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	210	80	135
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,600	6,200	10,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	2,525	1,210	1,310
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	910	500	405
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	72,500	79,500	64,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	76,600	86,400	64,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	820	385	430
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,200	40,000	27,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	43,900	53,800	35,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	93.4	96.8	89.2
Employment income (%)	85.4	90.0	79.6
Government transfers (%)	6.5	3.2	11.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	0.7	2.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,190	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	220	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	970	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,145	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	100,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	210	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	940	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	126,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,190	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	75	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	95	...	...
$100,000 and over	690	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	200	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	155	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200	...	...
$200,000 and over	130	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,190	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	85	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	75	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	110	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	110	...	...
$100,000 and over	550	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	220	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	160	...	...
$150,000 and over	170	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	935	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	260	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	535	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	115	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	320	165	155
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	60,800	64,000	55,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,400	54,000	48,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	920	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	125,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	220	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	550	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	105	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	270	125	150
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	75,000	88,000	64,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	60,800	67,000	55,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	3,370	1,670	1,700
0 to 17 years	925	490	430
0 to 5 years	395	210	185
18 to 64 years	2,305	1,125	1,180
65 years and over	145	55	85
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	305	145	155
0 to 17 years	125	60	60
0 to 5 years	45	25	25
18 to 64 years	160	80	85
65 years and over	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.9	8.6	9.2
0 to 17 years (%)	13.2	12.4	14.0
0 to 5 years (%)	12.0	12.0	12.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.1	6.8	7.4
65 years and over (%)	12.0	12.0	12.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	3,370	1,675	1,695
0 to 17 years	920	495	430
0 to 5 years	395	210	185
18 to 64 years	2,305	1,125	1,175
65 years and over	140	55	90
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	220	105	110
0 to 17 years	75	35	45
0 to 5 years	30	15	15
18 to 64 years	135	70	65
65 years and over	10	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.5	6.4	6.6
0 to 17 years (%)	8.4	7.2	9.6
0 to 5 years (%)	8.0	7.0	9.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.8	6.2	5.4
65 years and over (%)	6.0	x	6.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	3,370	1,675	1,695
In bottom half of the distribution	1,385	665	720
In bottom decile	285	145	145
In second decile	225	100	130
In third decile	275	135	140
In fourth decile	285	130	150
In fifth decile	315	160	160
In top half of the distribution	1,985	1,010	975
In sixth decile	395	205	190
In seventh decile	425	210	215
In eighth decile	415	205	210
In ninth decile	380	195	190
In top decile	365	195	170
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	3,370	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.297	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.370	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.268	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	3,375	1,675	1,695
English only	3,140	1,570	1,570
French only	5	0	0
English and French	160	75	85
Neither English nor French	70	30	45
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	3,375	1,675	1,695
English	3,260	1,625	1,635
French	25	10	15
English and French	15	10	5
Neither English nor French	70	30	45
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	3,375	1,675	1,695
Single responses	3,060	1,510	1,545
Official languages	1,855	935	925
English	1,835	925	910
French	25	10	15
Non-official languages	1,200	580	620
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,200	580	620
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	30	25
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	55	30	25
Amharic	15	5	10
Arabic	40	25	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	95	45	55
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	5	0	5
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	35	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	25	20
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	10
Tamil	25	10	10
Telugu	5	5	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	570	290	280
Albanian	20	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	20	25
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	5
Russian	20	5	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	10
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	20	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	10	0
German	10	10	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5
Afrikaans	5	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	330	175	160
Indo-Aryan languages	275	140	130
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	25	10	10
Gujarati	35	20	20
Hindi	30	15	15
Kacchi	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	5
Nepali	5	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	20	25
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	15	10
Urdu	95	55	45
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	55	30	25
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	25	15	10
Persian languages	30	15	15
Dari	20	10	10
Iranian Persian	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	70	75
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	10
Spanish	125	60	60
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5
Korean	85	40	40
Mongolian	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	45	20	30
Akan (Twi)	5	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	5
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	245	105	140
Chinese languages	245	105	135
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	90	35	55
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	150	70	80
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	310	160	150
English and French	25	15	10
English and non-official language(s)	260	130	125
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	15
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	3,375	1,675	1,695
English	1,840	935	910
French	10	10	0
Non-official language	305	145	155
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	305	145	155
English and French	25	15	5
English and non-official language(s)	1,140	535	600
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	15	5
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	15
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	3,375	1,675	1,695
Single responses	3,105	1,540	1,560
Official languages	2,390	1,200	1,190
English	2,375	1,195	1,185
French	10	5	5
Non-official languages	715	345	370
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	710	345	365
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	20	15
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	20	15
Amharic	5	0	5
Arabic	30	15	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	25	30
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5
Ilocano	5	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	20	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	5	5	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	20	15
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	5
Tamil	20	10	5
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	325	165	160
Albanian	10	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0
Russian	5	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	190	95	95
Indo-Aryan languages	175	85	85
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	15	5	10
Gujarati	15	5	10
Hindi	30	15	15
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	10	15
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5
Urdu	70	35	30
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	10
Persian languages	10	10	0
Dari	10	5	5
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	55	50
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	10	10	5
Spanish	90	45	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	60	25	30
Mongolian	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	160	70	90
Chinese languages	155	70	85
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	65	30	35
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	85	40	50
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	265	130	140
English and French	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	250	125	130
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	3,370	1,675	1,695
None	2,385	1,200	1,190
English	335	155	180
French	20	15	5
Non-official language	495	230	260
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5
Non-Indigenous	485	230	255
English and French	5	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	55	30	30
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	65	35	35
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	3,375	1,670	1,710
Official languages	3,305	1,645	1,660
English	3,305	1,645	1,660
French	160	85	75
Non-official languages	1,875	915	955
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,855	910	950
Afro-Asiatic languages	115	60	55
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	10	0	0
Hausa	10	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	110	60	50
Amharic	50	20	25
Arabic	60	30	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	0	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	0	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	145	85	60
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	140	85	55
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	95	40	55
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	20	35
Tamil	50	25	25
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	790	410	380
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	0
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	20	15	0
Indo-Iranian languages	545	285	260
Indo-Aryan languages	480	250	230
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	30	15	15
Gujarati	35	20	20
Hindi	175	90	90
Kacchi	10	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	20	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	140	65	75
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	35	20	15
Urdu	115	70	45
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0
Iranian languages	85	45	40
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	80	45	35
Dari	65	35	30
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	185	85	100
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	10
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	180	85	95
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	30	15	10
Korean	135	50	85
Mongolian	20	15	10
Niger-Congo languages	225	120	105
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	45	25	30
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	120	60	60
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	365	155	205
Chinese languages	350	155	190
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	150	60	90
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	20	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	205	95	110
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	0	15
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	15	0	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	0	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,380	1,670	1,710
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	60	25	35
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	60	25	35
First Nations (North American Indian)	45	15	25
Métis	15	0	15
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	3,315	1,650	1,670
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,380	1,670	1,710
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	45	15	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,335	1,655	1,680
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,145	...	...
Owner	850	...	...
Renter	295	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,145	...	...
Condominium	450	...	...
Not condominium	695	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,145	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	50	...	...
2 bedrooms	240	...	...
3 bedrooms	580	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	270	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,145	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	330	...	...
5 rooms	355	...	...
6 rooms	200	...	...
7 rooms	75	...	...
8 or more rooms	190	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,145	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,080	...	...
More than one person per room	70	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,145	...	...
Suitable	1,080	...	...
Not suitable	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,145	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	15	...	...
2001 to 2005	25	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	695	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	400	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,145	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,135	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,145	...	...
One-maintainer household	475	...	...
Two-maintainer household	590	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	80	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,145	...	...
15 to 24 years	45	...	...
25 to 34 years	340	...	...
35 to 44 years	325	...	...
45 to 54 years	230	...	...
55 to 64 years	165	...	...
65 to 74 years	35	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,140	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	840	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	300	...	...
30% to less than 100%	265	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,150	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	365	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	290	...	...
Not suitable only	60	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	780	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,105	...	...
In core need	60	...	...
Not in core need	1,045	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	850	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	92.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	23.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,280	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,244	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	440,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	471,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	295	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	10.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	32.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	16.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,700	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,570	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	3,380	1,670	1,705
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	30	15	20
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	30	15	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	25	15	15
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	40	15	25
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	40	15	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	10	10
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	10	15
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	3,310	1,640	1,665
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	3,375	1,675	1,705
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	2,745	1,375	1,375
Canadian citizens aged under 18	835	435	400
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,910	935	975
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	630	300	330
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	3,375	1,675	1,705
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	1,690	820	865
Immigrants⁸¹	1,605	800	810
Before 1980	35	15	20
1980 to 1990	70	35	30
1991 to 2000	175	105	65
2001 to 2010	550	290	265
2011 to 2021⁸²	780	360	425
2011 to 2015	380	170	210
2016 to 2021	405	190	215
Non-permanent residents⁸³	85	50	35
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,605	800	805
Under 5 years	125	70	55
5 to 14 years	340	180	160
15 to 24 years	205	85	115
25 to 44 years	795	380	415
45 years and over	140	80	60
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,605	800	805
Americas	170	85	85
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	30	15	15
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	40	20	20
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	30	20	10
Other places of birth in Americas	50	20	30
Europe	95	55	45
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	70	35	40
Other places of birth in Europe	20	15	0
Africa	425	210	220
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	25	10	15
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	30	15	15
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	270	130	140
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	85	45	45
Asia	905	450	455
Afghanistan	40	20	20
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	90	35	60
Hong Kong⁹¹	85	55	30
Korea, South⁹²	90	40	55
Taiwan	10	0	10
Philippines	145	85	60
Viet Nam	10	0	10
Bangladesh	25	10	10
India	205	105	100
Pakistan	70	40	30
Sri Lanka	35	20	20
Other places of birth in Asia	80	25	50
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	400	190	210
Americas	25	15	15
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	10	10	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	20	15	10
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	175	80	100
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	160	70	90
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10
Asia	175	75	95
Afghanistan	10	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	35	10	20
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	0	10
India	35	15	15
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	20	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	50	25	25
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	3,375	1,670	1,710
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,735	865	870
Second generation¹⁰¹	805	410	400
Third generation or more¹⁰²	835	395	445
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,570	785	780
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,165	610	555
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	395	250	145
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	770	355	415
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	290	110	180
Refugees¹⁰⁸	115	70	45
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,570	785	780
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	55	35	25
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	125	60	65
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	40	20	20
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	130	80	55
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	10	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,205	585	620
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	3,380	1,670	1,710
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,335	1,170	1,165
South Asian	595	300	300
Chinese	395	185	205
Black	600	305	295
Filipino	130	75	60
Arab	35	30	0
Latin American	125	55	65
Southeast Asian	35	0	25
West Asian	90	55	35
Korean	145	65	80
Japanese	15	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	45	20	20
Multiple visible minorities	130	70	60
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,045	500	545
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	3,375	1,675	1,705
Canadian	160	95	65
English	245	120	125
Irish	220	80	135
Scottish	220	80	145
French, n.o.s.¹²²	120	60	65
German	235	105	130
Chinese	410	195	215
Italian	85	55	30
Indian (India)	250	125	120
Ukrainian	90	50	35
Dutch	55	35	20
Polish	30	15	10
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	90	40	45
Filipino	125	75	45
French Canadian	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	40	20	15
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	20	0	15
Métis	20	0	20
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	50	30	25
Russian	20	10	10
Norwegian	40	15	20
Welsh	35	15	10
Portuguese	0	0	0
American	40	10	25
Spanish	10	0	10
Swedish	40	25	20
Hungarian	50	30	20
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	120	65	55
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	110	45	65
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	50	25	25
Vietnamese	55	20	35
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	35	15	20
Jamaican	50	25	30
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	25	15	10
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	150	70	80
Romanian	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	15	15	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	25	10	20
Danish	25	15	10
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	20	0	15
Belgian	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	70	25	45
Mexican	30	15	20
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0
Finnish	40	15	25
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	15
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	45	20	25
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	20	0	10
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	45	20	20
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	25	10	15
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	40	15	20
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	85	50	35
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	30	20	10
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	20	15	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	30	10	15
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	120	65	50
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	20	15	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	0	10
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	10	0	10
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	15	15	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	20	20	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	50	20	25
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	100	60	45
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	20	10	10
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	35	10	25
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	55	30	25
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	40	20	20
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	15	0	15
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	15	10
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	3,380	1,670	1,705
Buddhist	110	45	70
Christian	1,500	720	780
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	555	285	270
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	25	15	10
Baptist	35	15	15
Catholic	460	210	250
Christian Orthodox	35	15	25
Jehovah's Witness	15	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	15	0	10
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	240	130	115
Presbyterian	40	10	30
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	15	0	15
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	50	10	35
Hindu	165	85	80
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	315	185	135
Sikh	95	40	55
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	20	15	0
No religion and secular perspectives	1,170	585	585
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	3,330	1,640	1,695
Non-movers	2,475	1,235	1,245
Movers	850	400	445
Non-migrants	600	265	335
Migrants	255	140	115
Internal migrants	160	95	70
Intraprovincial migrants	65	40	25
Interprovincial migrants	95	55	40
External migrants	90	45	45
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	3,025	1,485	1,540
Non-movers	1,440	735	705
Movers	1,590	755	840
Non-migrants	960	430	530
Migrants	625	320	305
Internal migrants	295	150	145
Intraprovincial migrants	145	70	75
Interprovincial migrants	145	80	70
External migrants	335	165	165
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,525	1,210	1,310
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	195	90	110
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,320	1,120	1,205
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,990	945	1,045
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	95	45	50
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,895	900	995
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,520	1,205	1,315
No certificate, diploma or degree	180	85	95
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	550	260	285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,785	860	930
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	595	305	285
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	120	85	30
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	60	45	20
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	55	40	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	390	180	215
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	85	40	40
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,195	550	640
Bachelor's degree	835	370	455
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	25	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	10
Master's degree	295	140	155
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,990	945	1,040
No certificate, diploma or degree	80	50	35
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	295	140	150
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,615	760	860
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	530	270	255
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	105	75	30
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	50	40	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	50	40	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	350	165	190
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70	30	40
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,085	485	600
Bachelor's degree	735	315	420
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	50	25	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	10
Master's degree	280	135	150
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,520	1,205	1,315
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	735	345	385
Education	95	25	75
13. Education	95	25	75
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	15	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	40	15	30
Humanities	90	40	50
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	30	0	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	10	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	235	80	155
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	10	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	25	10	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	10	0
42. Psychology	35	0	30
45. Social sciences	95	45	50
Business, management and public administration	410	155	260
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	395	155	245
Physical and life sciences and technologies	100	35	65
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	25	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	30	10	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	115	90	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	100	80	20
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	380	315	60
04. Architecture and related services	15	0	0
14. Engineering	185	155	35
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	70	55	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	35	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	65	65	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	10	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	245	55	185
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	235	50	180
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	60	40	25
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	40	15	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	15	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,990	945	1,045
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	375	190	190
Education	95	20	75
13. Education	95	20	75
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	0	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	40	0	30
Humanities	85	35	50
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	15	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	195	65	135
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	10	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	25	10	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	10	0
42. Psychology	30	0	30
45. Social sciences	75	35	45
Business, management and public administration	370	135	235
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	360	135	220
Physical and life sciences and technologies	80	30	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	25	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	0	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	100	80	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	70	20
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	345	285	60
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0
14. Engineering	160	130	35
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	70	55	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	35	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	65	60	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	10	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	230	60	175
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	220	50	165
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	50	30	20
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	35	15	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,990	945	1,045
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	375	190	190
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,615	760	855
Location of study inside Canada	925	445	480
Same as province or territory of residence	730	340	400
Different than province or territory of residence	195	115	85
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	690	310	375
Americas	125	50	80
United States of America	55	25	30
Mexico	10	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	10
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	20	15	15
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	80	50	30
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	60	40	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	160	70	95
Nigeria	145	70	75
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	315	140	180
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	30	10	20
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	10
Japan	15	0	10
Korea, South⁹²	30	15	15
Philippines	60	30	35
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	15	10	0
India	105	50	60
Pakistan	30	10	20
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	2,520	1,205	1,315
In the labour force	2,070	1,055	1,020
Employed	1,790	935	855
Unemployed	280	120	160
Not in the labour force	450	155	295
Participation rate	82.1	87.6	77.6
Employment rate	71.0	77.6	65.0
Unemployment rate	13.5	11.4	15.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	2,520	1,205	1,315
Did not work¹⁸⁶	585	205	380
Worked	1,930	995	935
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	980	540	445
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	950	460	490
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.7	41.6	39.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,070	1,055	1,015
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	70	25	50
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,000	1,030	970
Employee	1,770	915	860
Permanent position	1,445	760	690
Temporary position	330	155	175
Fixed term (1 year or more)	130	65	70
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	195	90	105
Self-employed¹⁹²	225	120	115
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,070	1,055	1,015
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	70	25	50
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,000	1,030	970
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	10	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	450	175	270
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	300	240	65
3 Health occupations	190	55	135
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	215	80	130
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	30	10	20
6 Sales and service occupations	480	195	285
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	265	225	35
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	15	15	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	40	30	15
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,070	1,055	1,015
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	70	25	50
All industries¹⁹¹	2,000	1,030	970
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	65	30	30
22 Utilities	25	15	10
23 Construction	135	110	25
31-33 Manufacturing	50	50	0
41 Wholesale trade	75	60	20
44-45 Retail trade	250	115	130
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	125	75	50
51 Information and cultural industries	20	15	0
52 Finance and insurance	75	30	45
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	50	25	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	275	150	125
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	85	45	40
61 Educational services	155	65	85
62 Health care and social assistance	310	85	225
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	120	55	60
81 Other services (except public administration)	110	40	65
91 Public administration	80	45	30
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,125	1,090	1,040
English	2,015	1,040	970
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	15	0	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	0	10
English and French	10	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	70	35	35
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,125	1,090	1,040
Single responses	2,115	1,080	1,030
Official languages	2,075	1,060	1,010
English	2,070	1,055	1,010
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	40	20	20
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	40	20	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	0	15
Chinese languages	20	0	15
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,125	1,090	1,040
None	2,050	1,060	995
English	20	15	0
French	10	0	10
Non-official language	30	10	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	30	10	25
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	0	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,790	940	855
Worked at home	490	250	240
Worked outside Canada	15	15	0
No fixed workplace address	210	145	70
Usual place of work	1,080	525	550
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,080	525	555
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	950	460	490
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	95	40	55
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	15	0
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,285	665	620
Car, truck or van	1,125	580	545
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,065	570	500
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	60	10	50
Public transit	70	40	30
Walked	45	20	15
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	45	20	25
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,285	665	620
Less than 15 minutes	230	115	115
15 to 29 minutes	555	275	275
30 to 44 minutes	345	190	155
45 to 59 minutes	75	40	35
60 minutes and over	70	40	30
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,285	665	620
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	100	70	25
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	240	140	95
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	375	180	190
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	235	110	125
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	155	80	75
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	180	85	100
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	930	495	435
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	45	20	20
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	885	470	415
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	575	310	260
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	20	15
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	10	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	5	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	540	290	250

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 16, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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