Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062623More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48060816More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48060652More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	3,391	...	...	440	...	...	3,108	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,366	...	...	216	...	...	2,251	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,332	...	...	210	...	...	1,995	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	806.3	...	...	2,873.9	...	...	18,756.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	4.21	...	...	0.15	...	...	0.17	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	3,390	1,630	1,765	440	210	230	3,105	1,610	1,500
0 to 14 years	715	355	360	50	30	25	155	75	80
0 to 4 years	330	160	175	15	5	5	80	40	45
5 to 9 years	235	110	120	15	10	5	60	35	25
10 to 14 years	150	85	70	20	10	10	20	5	10
15 to 64 years	2,495	1,185	1,310	300	145	155	2,810	1,465	1,345
15 to 19 years	160	75	85	15	5	10	45	10	30
20 to 24 years	170	75	100	40	20	15	300	135	165
25 to 29 years	405	195	205	40	15	20	730	360	365
30 to 34 years	465	205	255	35	15	15	710	380	330
35 to 39 years	400	200	200	40	20	20	415	230	180
40 to 44 years	270	145	130	20	5	15	220	120	100
45 to 49 years	200	110	95	30	15	15	115	60	60
50 to 54 years	170	75	90	30	15	10	125	75	50
55 to 59 years	145	55	85	30	10	20	85	50	35
60 to 64 years	110	45	70	20	15	10	65	35	30
65 years and over	180	85	95	90	40	50	145	70	70
65 to 69 years	80	45	35	25	10	15	60	30	35
70 to 74 years	50	20	30	30	15	15	40	15	25
75 to 79 years	30	20	15	20	10	15	25	15	10
80 to 84 years	15	5	5	10	5	5	10	5	0
85 years and over	5	0	0	5	0	0	5	0	0
85 to 89 years	5	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	21.1	21.8	20.4	11.4	14.3	10.9	5.0	4.7	5.3
15 to 64 years	73.6	72.7	74.2	68.2	69.0	67.4	90.5	91.0	89.7
65 years and over	5.3	5.2	5.4	20.5	19.0	21.7	4.7	4.3	4.7
85 years and over	0.1	0.0	0.0	1.1	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	32.5	32.3	32.8	42.7	41.4	43.8	34.6	35.2	34.0
Median age of the population	32.8	32.8	32.8	40.4	39.2	42.4	32.4	33.2	31.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,335	...	...	210	...	...	1,995	...	...
Single-detached house	630	...	...	75	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	90	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	200	...	...	135	...	...	40	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	400	...	...	0	...	...	175	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,775	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,335	...	...	210	...	...	1,995	...	...
1 person	300	...	...	70	...	...	1,125	...	...
2 persons	480	...	...	80	...	...	700	...	...
3 persons	240	...	...	25	...	...	120	...	...
4 persons	195	...	...	25	...	...	40	...	...
5 or more persons	115	...	...	5	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,395	1,625	1,765	440	210	230	3,110	1,610	1,495
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.1	...	...	1.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	2,675	1,275	1,400	390	185	205	2,950	1,535	1,420
Married or living common-law	1,860	925	935	205	100	100	1,360	710	645
Married	1,515	750	760	170	85	85	765	395	375
Living common-law	345	170	170	40	20	15	590	320	275
Living common law - Never married	285	145	140	25	15	15	550	290	260
Living common law - Separated	25	10	10	5	0	0	5	5	0
Living common law - Divorced	35	15	20	5	0	0	40	25	15
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	815	345	465	180	80	105	1,590	820	770
Not married and not living common law - Never married	590	280	305	115	60	55	1,355	720	640
Not married and not living common law - Separated	55	20	35	15	10	10	55	35	25
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	135	40	90	30	10	25	150	60	95
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	40	5	35	20	0	15	25	15	15
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,020	...	...	130	...	...	700	...	...
2 persons	500	...	...	80	...	...	560	...	...
3 persons	250	...	...	25	...	...	100	...	...
4 persons	195	...	...	20	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	80	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.6	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,025	...	...	125	...	...	705	...	...
Total couple families	910	...	...	105	...	...	655	...	...
Married couples	735	...	...	85	...	...	360	...	...
With children⁶	450	...	...	35	...	...	125	...	...
Without children	290	...	...	45	...	...	230	...	...
Common-law couples	175	...	...	20	...	...	295	...	...
With children⁶	40	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
Without children	135	...	...	15	...	...	290	...	...
Total one-parent families	110	...	...	25	...	...	50	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	90	...	...	20	...	...	40	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	20	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	3,390	1,625	1,765	440	210	230	3,110	1,610	1,500
Total - Persons in census families	2,945	1,420	1,520	330	165	170	1,600	810	790
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,825	905	915	205	105	100	1,310	680	630
Parents in one-parent families	110	20	95	20	5	20	45	5	40
Children⁶	1,010	490	515	105	55	45	240	120	120
In a two-parent family	855	425	430	70	40	30	185	95	90
In a one-parent family	150	70	80	35	20	15	55	25	30
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	445	210	240	105	45	65	1,510	805	710
Living alone	300	130	175	75	30	45	1,125	600	520
Living with other relatives⁷	55	25	30	5	0	5	70	30	45
Living with non-relatives only	90	50	35	25	10	15	310	170	140
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,330	...	...	210	...	...	1,995	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	915	...	...	120	...	...	675	...	...
Couple-family households	820	...	...	95	...	...	630	...	...
With children⁶	440	...	...	40	...	...	130	...	...
Without children	380	...	...	60	...	...	505	...	...
One-parent-family households	95	...	...	25	...	...	40	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	30	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	45	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	40	...	...	15	...	...	180	...	...
One-person households	300	...	...	75	...	...	1,125	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	2,675	1,270	1,400	385	180	205	2,950	1,530	1,415
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,550	1,220	1,325	375	180	200	2,840	1,490	1,355
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,400	62,000	47,600	46,000	46,000	46,000	55,600	62,800	49,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,550	1,220	1,325	375	180	200	2,840	1,490	1,355
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,600	52,800	42,400	40,800	40,000	42,000	48,800	53,200	43,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,410	1,185	1,225	355	170	185	2,720	1,435	1,280
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,800	59,200	43,200	40,000	43,600	37,600	54,400	62,800	47,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,250	1,115	1,135	280	140	140	2,535	1,340	1,190
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,600	59,200	44,400	36,000	36,400	35,600	55,600	64,000	48,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,225	1,035	1,190	330	155	175	2,515	1,315	1,200
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,720	2,740	6,160	8,500	6,040	10,000	1,310	1,160	1,480
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	355	160	195	35	15	20	275	155	120
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,080	5,600	6,320	5,160	x	x	5,480	5,640	5,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	825	400	425	110	55	55	875	430	445
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,500	10,500	8,000	8,500	8,000	8,700
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	2,685	1,285	1,400	395	205	190	2,920	1,570	1,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,510	1,210	1,305	390	205	185	2,825	1,535	1,285
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,750	67,000	51,120	57,400	58,800	56,000	72,900	83,900	59,850
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,510	1,210	1,305	390	205	185	2,825	1,535	1,285
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,440	55,600	43,760	49,000	50,000	48,000	58,050	65,400	49,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,365	1,165	1,200	375	195	175	2,750	1,515	1,235
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,400	63,100	46,000	50,800	53,200	48,400	69,800	80,500	56,700
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,210	1,110	1,100	310	175	135	2,515	1,395	1,120
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,050	63,100	47,000	47,600	46,800	49,000	69,300	78,600	57,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,215	1,055	1,160	350	185	165	2,490	1,365	1,130
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,630	7,280	9,860	9,480	8,400	10,700	5,530	5,016	6,150
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	455	215	240	40	25	20	225	145	75
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,800	6,800	8,600	7,600	6,800	9,000	4,640	4,800	4,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	825	405	410	125	70	55	830	455	370
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,300	9,520	9,080	8,200	8,800	7,600	8,960	8,240	9,840
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	2,685	1,285	1,400	395	200	195	2,920	1,565	1,350
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,170	620	545	120	70	50	1,370	800	570
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,500	70,000	62,400	75,500	75,500	81,000	83,000	89,000	74,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	74,200	78,000	69,600	84,000	88,000	80,000	98,700	108,400	85,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	830	395	435	105	50	60	980	505	475
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,200	32,800	17,400	21,800	16,400	27,800	25,800	27,200	20,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,400	44,400	23,500	28,000	19,500	35,000	32,900	36,800	28,700
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	87.0	90.4	82.8	85.0	86.0	82.0	93.4	94.6	90.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	82.4	86.4	77.6	66.0	68.0	62.0	84.6	85.2	83.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	13.0	9.5	17.2	15.0	13.2	17.2	6.7	5.3	9.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.4	1.8	3.1	1.4	1.4	1.6	0.5	0.6	0.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.7	5.1	6.4	5.2	5.4	4.8	3.9	3.1	5.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.2	4.8	5.6	4.6	5.2	4.0	3.6	2.9	4.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	2,675	1,275	1,400	390	185	205	2,950	1,535	1,415
Without total income	125	55	70	10	0	10	110	45	65
With total income	2,550	1,220	1,330	375	180	195	2,840	1,485	1,350
Under $10,000 (including loss)	170	55	120	30	15	10	190	75	115
$10,000 to $19,999	165	50	120	20	10	10	190	95	90
$20,000 to $29,999	260	105	160	50	25	20	315	135	175
$30,000 to $39,999	275	105	165	60	25	30	285	135	150
$40,000 to $49,999	265	120	145	50	15	30	295	135	160
$50,000 to $59,999	305	140	170	35	10	25	255	125	130
$60,000 to $69,999	280	130	150	25	15	15	195	105	90
$70,000 to $79,999	195	100	95	20	10	15	230	110	120
$80,000 to $89,999	160	95	70	20	5	10	170	90	85
$90,000 to $99,999	150	100	55	20	15	5	135	80	55
$100,000 and over	320	215	100	50	25	25	580	395	180
$100,000 to $149,999	230	145	80	35	15	20	375	250	130
$150,000 and over	95	75	15	15	5	5	200	150	50
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	2,675	1,275	1,400	390	185	205	2,950	1,535	1,415
Without after-tax income	125	55	70	10	0	10	110	45	65
With after-tax income	2,550	1,220	1,330	375	180	195	2,840	1,485	1,350
Under $10,000 (including loss)	175	55	120	30	15	10	195	80	120
$10,000 to $19,999	175	55	120	25	15	10	190	95	95
$20,000 to $29,999	320	130	185	55	30	30	365	165	195
$30,000 to $39,999	335	140	195	70	30	40	355	165	190
$40,000 to $49,999	380	175	205	55	15	35	370	165	200
$50,000 to $59,999	370	185	190	40	20	20	280	150	130
$60,000 to $69,999	250	130	125	30	15	15	280	150	135
$70,000 to $79,999	200	125	80	15	10	10	205	110	95
$80,000 to $89,999	125	75	50	15	10	10	180	110	75
$90,000 to $99,999	70	45	25	10	10	5	110	75	35
$100,000 and over	150	115	30	25	15	15	305	220	85
$100,000 to $124,999	70	55	15	15	5	10	145	100	45
$125,000 and over	75	60	15	15	10	5	160	120	40
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	2,675	1,275	1,400	390	185	205	2,950	1,535	1,415
Without employment income	425	160	265	105	45	65	420	190	225
With employment income	2,245	1,110	1,135	280	135	145	2,530	1,340	1,190
Under $5,000 (including loss)	170	60	105	45	20	20	195	80	115
$5,000 to $9,999	130	45	90	20	10	15	150	75	70
$10,000 to $19,999	185	75	115	35	20	15	240	110	130
$20,000 to $29,999	170	75	95	20	10	10	185	90	100
$30,000 to $39,999	190	90	105	30	10	20	170	85	85
$40,000 to $49,999	240	105	140	30	15	10	205	85	120
$50,000 to $59,999	245	125	125	15	5	5	220	110	105
$60,000 to $69,999	215	100	115	15	10	5	160	85	80
$70,000 to $79,999	165	90	75	15	5	0	215	110	100
$80,000 to $89,999	135	80	60	15	5	15	150	80	75
$90,000 to $99,999	120	75	50	15	10	5	120	75	50
$100,000 and over	275	195	85	35	20	15	515	355	165
$100,000 to $124,999	135	85	55	15	10	5	245	165	85
$125,000 and over	135	110	30	20	10	10	270	190	80
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	2,675	1,270	1,400	385	180	205	2,950	1,530	1,415
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,515	1,190	1,325	375	180	195	2,775	1,460	1,320
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,000	60,400	45,600	44,400	45,200	41,200	50,000	58,000	44,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,520	1,190	1,325	375	180	195	2,780	1,460	1,320
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,000	51,600	40,400	39,600	40,000	38,800	44,000	50,000	39,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,395	1,170	1,225	350	170	180	2,665	1,405	1,265
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,200	60,400	44,000	41,600	44,800	38,400	50,000	59,200	43,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,245	1,105	1,140	290	140	145	2,450	1,290	1,160
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,000	60,400	45,200	37,200	37,600	36,800	51,600	60,400	43,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,140	1,000	1,145	320	145	170	2,355	1,235	1,120
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	980	890	1,430	1,340	970	4,440	760	670	820
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	260	110	145	25	15	10	125	75	55
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,100	5,400	9,100	8,700	x	x	5,480	6,160	4,720
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	2,685	1,285	1,400	395	205	190	2,920	1,570	1,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,480	1,190	1,290	390	205	185	2,750	1,520	1,230
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,000	68,800	50,000	59,600	62,800	56,000	68,300	78,000	56,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,485	1,190	1,295	390	205	185	2,750	1,520	1,230
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,240	56,400	42,680	49,000	52,400	45,600	55,150	61,550	47,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,385	1,170	1,210	375	200	175	2,640	1,455	1,190
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,450	67,600	47,700	56,600	59,200	53,600	69,000	79,600	56,100
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,240	1,135	1,105	325	185	140	2,415	1,340	1,075
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,850	66,000	49,400	50,000	49,200	51,000	69,200	79,800	56,100
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,070	965	1,110	320	170	150	2,340	1,300	1,040
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,660	2,995	6,100	6,240	5,280	7,300	2,250	1,910	2,675
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	310	125	185	30	20	0	100	40	60
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,600	6,200	10,200	10,000	12,000	...	7,600	9,200	6,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	2,685	1,285	1,400	395	200	195	2,920	1,565	1,350
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,160	615	545	115	70	45	1,360	800	565
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	63,200	68,500	57,600	72,000	72,000	80,000	76,000	83,000	70,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	71,600	76,400	66,000	86,000	88,000	80,000	94,100	105,600	78,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	805	395	405	105	50	55	855	445	410
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,800	48,000	30,800	30,200	22,400	36,000	26,600	26,000	30,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	45,500	55,800	35,400	41,000	26,000	54,000	36,400	39,000	33,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	93.4	96.4	89.6	91.0	92.0	90.0	97.2	97.8	96.0
Employment income (%)	88.4	91.2	84.8	70.0	71.0	70.0	89.0	90.2	86.8
Government transfers (%)	6.6	3.5	10.5	8.6	7.1	10.4	2.8	2.1	4.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	1.0	2.9	1.4	1.6	x	0.4	0.3	0.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,335	...	...	210	...	...	1,995	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	86,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	73,500	...	...	70,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	300	...	...	75	...	...	1,125	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	58,000	...	...	66,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,000	...	...	49,600	...	...	56,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,030	...	...	135	...	...	870	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,300	...	...	210	...	...	2,015	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	113,500	...	...	106,000	...	...	102,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	95,600	...	...	90,000	...	...	81,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	290	...	...	80	...	...	1,205	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	58,000	...	...	83,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	57,200	...	...	48,000	...	...	65,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,010	...	...	135	...	...	810	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	125,400	...	...	134,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	106,600	...	...	114,000	...	...	104,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,335	...	...	210	...	...	1,995	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	5	...	...	50	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	40	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	5	...	...	60	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	50	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	70	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	5	...	...	55	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	5	...	...	70	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	40	...	...	10	...	...	90	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	70	...	...	15	...	...	135	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	90	...	...	15	...	...	120	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	80	...	...	20	...	...	175	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	80	...	...	20	...	...	140	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	110	...	...	15	...	...	130	...	...
$100,000 and over	725	...	...	85	...	...	760	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	230	...	...	25	...	...	270	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	180	...	...	25	...	...	150	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	180	...	...	15	...	...	175	...	...
$200,000 and over	130	...	...	15	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,335	...	...	210	...	...	1,995	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	5	...	...	60	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	60	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	55	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...	5	...	...	80	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...	5	...	...	80	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	5	...	...	100	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	45	...	...	5	...	...	90	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	100	...	...	20	...	...	165	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	100	...	...	20	...	...	190	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	115	...	...	25	...	...	185	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	135	...	...	10	...	...	185	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	115	...	...	20	...	...	135	...	...
$100,000 and over	545	...	...	60	...	...	515	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	230	...	...	25	...	...	205	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	145	...	...	20	...	...	120	...	...
$150,000 and over	175	...	...	20	...	...	190	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,000	...	...	130	...	...	725	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	104,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	385	...	...	60	...	...	505	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	109,000	...	...	122,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	485	...	...	40	...	...	135	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	136,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	111,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	105	...	...	25	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	62,800	...	...	67,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	61,200	...	...	61,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.5	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	390	185	205	105	45	60	1,440	775	665
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	57,600	61,200	54,800	46,400	44,000	52,000	56,800	62,800	51,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,200	51,200	48,800	40,800	37,600	44,800	49,200	53,200	44,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	955	...	...	125	...	...	690	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	138,000	...	...	131,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	118,000	...	...	107,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	330	...	...	60	...	...	510	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	121,200	...	...	140,000	...	...	137,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	111,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	490	...	...	40	...	...	110	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...	170,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,200	...	...	140,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	100	...	...	20	...	...	30	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	85,000	...	...	52,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	52,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	405	190	215	90	45	50	1,470	845	630
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	64,400	66,000	62,400	51,000	48,000	52,000	78,800	87,600	67,200
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,400	53,600	49,600	44,000	42,000	46,000	61,200	67,000	53,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	3,390	1,630	1,765	440	210	230	3,105	1,610	1,495
0 to 17 years	815	400	415	60	35	30	180	80	90
0 to 5 years	400	185	215	15	5	10	95	55	50
18 to 64 years	2,395	1,140	1,255	285	140	150	2,785	1,460	1,330
65 years and over	180	90	95	90	40	50	145	70	75
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	170	75	95	45	25	25	420	205	220
0 to 17 years	40	20	25	10	10	5	50	20	35
0 to 5 years	25	10	10	0	5	0	25	10	10
18 to 64 years	100	50	55	30	15	15	340	170	165
65 years and over	25	10	15	5	0	0	35	15	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.0	4.6	5.5	9.6	10.0	9.5	13.7	12.8	14.6
0 to 17 years (%)	5.2	4.5	6.0	16.0	x	x	30.0	26.0	34.0
0 to 5 years (%)	6.4	6.0	6.0	x	x	x	24.0	20.0	28.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.3	4.0	4.4	10.0	9.0	10.0	12.1	11.6	12.6
65 years and over (%)	14.0	12.0	18.0	4.0	x	x	24.0	24.0	24.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	3,390	1,625	1,765	440	210	230	3,110	1,610	1,500
0 to 17 years	815	400	415	65	30	30	175	85	95
0 to 5 years	395	185	210	20	10	5	100	50	45
18 to 64 years	2,395	1,145	1,255	285	140	145	2,785	1,455	1,330
65 years and over	180	85	90	90	35	55	140	65	70
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	105	50	60	30	15	15	340	170	165
0 to 17 years	20	10	10	5	0	5	30	15	15
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	5	0	0	15	5	5
18 to 64 years	80	40	40	20	10	10	285	145	140
65 years and over	5	0	5	0	0	0	20	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.1	3.0	3.2	6.4	7.0	6.0	10.8	10.6	11.0
0 to 17 years (%)	2.4	2.0	2.8	x	x	x	17.0	20.0	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	3.2	2.5	3.0	x	x	x	12.0	12.0	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.3	3.4	3.2	6.8	7.0	7.0	10.2	10.0	10.6
65 years and over (%)	4.0	x	5.0	x	x	x	14.0	14.0	14.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	3,390	1,630	1,765	440	210	230	3,110	1,610	1,495
In bottom half of the distribution	1,400	650	755	175	80	100	1,390	675	715
In bottom decile	140	65	80	40	20	25	410	205	205
In second decile	210	90	120	40	15	25	250	105	140
In third decile	270	135	140	35	15	15	255	135	120
In fourth decile	365	170	190	35	20	15	235	100	135
In fifth decile	420	195	225	25	10	20	235	125	110
In top half of the distribution	1,985	975	1,010	260	130	130	1,715	940	780
In sixth decile	440	210	230	60	30	25	235	120	110
In seventh decile	415	195	215	50	20	30	265	135	130
In eighth decile	360	180	175	50	25	25	290	160	130
In ninth decile	460	225	235	45	25	20	405	215	190
In top decile	310	160	150	60	30	30	520	300	220
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	3,390	...	...	440	...	...	3,105	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.265	...	...	0.319	...	...	0.369	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.332	...	...	0.410	...	...	0.431	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.239	...	...	0.288	...	...	0.333	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.9	...	...	4.1	...	...	5.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	3,390	1,625	1,765	440	210	230	3,110	1,610	1,495
English only	3,155	1,520	1,635	415	200	215	2,715	1,420	1,290
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
English and French	170	85	90	20	5	15	335	170	170
Neither English nor French	60	25	35	0	0	0	55	25	30
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	3,390	1,625	1,765	440	210	230	3,110	1,610	1,495
English	3,270	1,570	1,700	435	210	225	2,965	1,545	1,420
French	35	20	20	0	0	5	60	30	25
English and French	30	20	20	0	0	0	30	10	15
Neither English nor French	55	20	35	0	0	0	55	25	30
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	3,390	1,625	1,765	440	210	230	3,110	1,610	1,495
Single responses	3,145	1,515	1,630	425	205	220	2,960	1,550	1,410
Official languages	2,020	990	1,030	340	170	170	1,935	1,055	880
English	1,980	975	1,010	335	170	170	1,880	1,020	855
French	40	20	20	0	0	5	60	30	25
Non-official languages	1,125	525	600	85	35	50	1,025	490	530
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,125	525	600	85	35	50	1,025	490	530
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	25	25	10	5	5	60	35	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	20	25	10	5	5	55	35	25
Amharic	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	15	20	5	0	0	55	30	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0	15	5	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0	0	0	15	5	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	350	150	200	5	5	5	50	20	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	275	115	155	5	5	5	40	20	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	5	5	0	30	15	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	5	5	0	10	5	5
Tamil	15	5	10	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	575	275	300	35	15	20	540	285	250
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	145	60	80	20	10	10	115	50	60
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	140	60	85	20	10	10	115	50	60
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	10	10	5	0	0	20	5	10
Russian	75	30	45	10	5	5	50	20	25
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	15	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0	15	5	5
Serbian	5	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	10
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	5	0	5	0	20	15	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	15	5	5	0	0	0	5	5	5
German	15	5	5	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	10	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	195	105	95	0	0	0	215	120	95
Indo-Aryan languages	175	95	85	0	0	0	140	80	60
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	5	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gujarati	45	25	20	0	0	0	15	10	5
Hindi	25	15	10	0	0	0	60	30	30
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	20	0	0	0	20	10	5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	30	15	15	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0	80	40	35
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0	70	40	30
Dari	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	0	0	0	60	30	30
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	220	105	115	10	5	10	185	100	85
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	5	0	5	5	5	0
Portuguese	15	5	5	0	0	0	55	20	30
Romanian	35	20	15	0	0	0	15	0	10
Spanish	170	85	85	10	0	5	110	70	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Korean	15	5	5	10	0	5	75	25	45
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	20	20	0	0	0	15	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	10	0	0	0	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	25	30	10	5	5	195	85	110
Chinese languages	55	25	30	10	5	5	195	85	110
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	15	10	0	5	120	45	75
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	15	0	0	0	75	35	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	5	0	5	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	5	0	5	5	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	250	110	135	20	10	10	145	65	85
English and French	15	5	5	5	0	0	20	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	215	95	115	10	5	5	115	50	65
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	5	0	5	10	0	15
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	3,390	1,625	1,765	440	210	230	3,110	1,610	1,495
English	2,055	985	1,070	355	175	180	2,035	1,080	955
French	5	0	5	0	0	0	15	10	10
Non-official language	330	160	170	15	5	10	215	95	120
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	330	160	170	15	5	10	215	95	120
English and French	35	15	15	0	0	5	40	25	15
English and non-official language(s)	915	445	470	60	20	40	755	380	375
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0	0	0	15	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	35	15	20	0	0	0	30	15	15
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	3,390	1,625	1,765	440	210	230	3,110	1,610	1,495
Single responses	3,165	1,510	1,650	430	205	225	2,985	1,555	1,430
Official languages	2,430	1,160	1,270	395	190	205	2,500	1,325	1,175
English	2,420	1,155	1,265	395	190	205	2,480	1,310	1,165
French	10	5	5	0	0	0	20	10	10
Non-official languages	730	350	380	35	20	20	480	230	250
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	730	350	380	35	20	20	480	230	250
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	5	0	5	25	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	5	0	5	25	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	5	5	0	0	0	25	15	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	220	100	120	5	5	5	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	170	80	90	5	0	5	10	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	5	5	0	0	0	20	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
Tamil	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	405	195	210	15	5	10	260	135	125
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	105	45	60	10	5	5	55	20	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	105	45	60	10	5	5	55	20	30
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Russian	60	25	35	5	5	0	25	5	15
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	5	10	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbian	10	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	140	70	70	0	0	0	115	60	50
Indo-Aryan languages	125	65	65	0	0	0	45	25	20
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	20	10	10	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	20	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	10	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	10	0	0	0	70	40	35
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	10	5	10	0	0	0	65	35	30
Dari	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0	0	0	60	30	30
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	155	75	75	0	0	0	90	45	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	5	5	0	0	0	40	15	25
Romanian	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	135	70	65	0	0	0	45	25	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Korean	10	5	5	0	0	0	50	15	35
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	25	10	5	5	85	35	55
Chinese languages	45	25	25	10	5	5	85	35	55
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	15	10	0	5	60	20	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	15	10	0	0	0	25	10	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	230	115	115	10	10	0	130	55	70
English and French	5	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	210	105	105	10	10	0	110	50	60
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	3,395	1,625	1,765	440	210	230	3,105	1,610	1,495
None	2,565	1,230	1,340	380	185	195	2,365	1,225	1,140
English	335	165	170	15	5	5	205	100	100
French	20	10	15	5	0	5	30	20	15
Non-official language	375	175	195	35	15	25	395	205	190
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	365	175	195	35	15	25	395	205	190
English and French	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	0	0	0	35	20	15
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	40	20	25	0	0	0	65	30	30
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	3,430	1,605	1,820	440	230	210	3,025	1,610	1,415
Official languages	3,375	1,585	1,790	440	230	210	2,985	1,595	1,390
English	3,375	1,585	1,790	440	230	210	2,985	1,595	1,380
French	145	55	90	30	0	25	285	115	170
Non-official languages	1,470	735	735	90	50	40	1,330	650	675
Indigenous languages³⁹	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,445	720	715	90	50	40	1,330	650	675
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	60	40	15	10	0	55	40	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	85	45	40	15	10	0	50	35	15
Amharic	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	45	30	15	0	0	0	50	30	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	10	10	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	425	205	225	0	0	0	65	30	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	385	190	200	0	0	0	55	30	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	15	15	10	10	0	75	35	35
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	10	0	55	25	25
Tamil	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	745	375	370	60	30	20	805	460	345
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	140	65	75	35	20	15	105	55	55
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	140	65	75	35	20	15	105	55	55
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	15	10	0	0	0	20	10	10
Russian	100	50	55	20	10	10	60	35	25
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	15	20	10	10	0	85	55	35
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	25	15	10	10	10	0	40	25	15
German	25	15	10	10	10	0	40	25	15
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	325	155	160	10	10	0	380	220	160
Indo-Aryan languages	280	135	145	10	10	0	295	160	135
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Gujarati	45	20	25	0	0	0	40	25	10
Hindi	105	50	55	10	10	0	200	105	100
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	125	60	65	0	0	0	55	25	25
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	75	40	35	0	0	0	25	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	25	20	0	0	0	85	60	25
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	40	25	20	0	0	0	80	60	20
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	50	20
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	245	135	110	15	0	10	255	150	110
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	30
Romanian	45	25	20	0	0	0	15	0	10
Spanish	180	95	90	0	0	0	195	110	80
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	15	10	0	0	0	25	10	20
Korean	15	10	10	0	0	0	75	15	65
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	110	60	50	0	0	0	80	40	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	25	10	15	0	0	0	45	20	25
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	70	35	35	0	0	0	25	15	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	185	70	115
Chinese languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	185	70	115
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10	0	0	0	135	45	90
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,425	1,610	1,820	440	225	210	3,025	1,610	1,415
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	80	35	50	15	0	0	60	30	30
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	75	35	45	15	0	0	55	30	30
First Nations (North American Indian)	35	25	15	15	0	0	10	0	10
Métis	35	10	30	0	0	0	45	30	20
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	3,345	1,575	1,770	430	220	210	2,965	1,580	1,385
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,425	1,610	1,820	440	225	210	3,025	1,610	1,415
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	35	25	15	15	0	0	20	0	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,395	1,585	1,805	430	220	210	3,005	1,605	1,400
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,300	...	...	215	...	...	2,015	...	...
Owner	1,145	...	...	150	...	...	525	...	...
Renter	155	...	...	60	...	...	1,490	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,300	...	...	215	...	...	2,015	...	...
Condominium	480	...	...	130	...	...	1,740	...	...
Not condominium	825	...	...	80	...	...	275	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,300	...	...	215	...	...	2,015	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0	...	...	60	...	...
1 bedroom	75	...	...	0	...	...	895	...	...
2 bedrooms	385	...	...	95	...	...	1,020	...	...
3 bedrooms	605	...	...	50	...	...	40	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	220	...	...	60	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,300	...	...	215	...	...	2,015	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	500	...	...	50	...	...	1,695	...	...
5 rooms	255	...	...	55	...	...	200	...	...
6 rooms	220	...	...	15	...	...	90	...	...
7 rooms	155	...	...	30	...	...	15	...	...
8 or more rooms	175	...	...	60	...	...	20	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.4	...	...	6.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,300	...	...	215	...	...	2,015	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,245	...	...	205	...	...	1,985	...	...
More than one person per room	55	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,300	...	...	215	...	...	2,015	...	...
Suitable	1,205	...	...	205	...	...	1,940	...	...
Not suitable	95	...	...	10	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,300	...	...	215	...	...	2,015	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	0	...	...	40	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...	205	...	...	105	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	0	...	...	125	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	0	...	...	130	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	0	...	...	95	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	0	...	...	485	...	...
2011 to 2015	70	...	...	0	...	...	420	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,220	...	...	0	...	...	610	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,300	...	...	215	...	...	2,015	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,285	...	...	200	...	...	1,985	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...	10	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,300	...	...	215	...	...	2,015	...	...
One-maintainer household	530	...	...	110	...	...	1,420	...	...
Two-maintainer household	685	...	...	95	...	...	570	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	80	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,300	...	...	215	...	...	2,015	...	...
15 to 24 years	45	...	...	0	...	...	160	...	...
25 to 34 years	440	...	...	35	...	...	1,010	...	...
35 to 44 years	385	...	...	35	...	...	450	...	...
45 to 54 years	190	...	...	45	...	...	170	...	...
55 to 64 years	160	...	...	30	...	...	130	...	...
65 to 74 years	50	...	...	40	...	...	60	...	...
75 to 84 years	25	...	...	10	...	...	35	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,295	...	...	210	...	...	1,985	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	945	...	...	160	...	...	1,425	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	350	...	...	50	...	...	555	...	...
30% to less than 100%	325	...	...	45	...	...	470	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,300	...	...	210	...	...	2,015	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	430	...	...	70	...	...	645	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	325	...	...	55	...	...	540	...	...
Not suitable only	85	...	...	10	...	...	55	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...	10	...	...	30	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	870	...	...	140	...	...	1,370	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,270	...	...	205	...	...	1,900	...	...
In core need	75	...	...	30	...	...	165	...	...
Not in core need	1,195	...	...	175	...	...	1,730	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,140	...	...	145	...	...	520	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	91.2	...	...	65.5	...	...	76.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.4	...	...	20.7	...	...	26.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.1	...	...	0.0	...	...	8.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,060	...	...	1,540	...	...	1,860	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,004	...	...	1,840	...	...	1,800	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	500,000	...	...	324,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	416,000	...	...	440,000	...	...	346,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	155	...	...	65	...	...	1,490	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	1.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	38.7	...	...	30.8	...	...	28.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	24.1	...	...	30.8	...	...	8.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,320	...	...	1,400	...	...	1,490	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,360	...	...	1,160	...	...	1,532	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	3,425	1,610	1,820	440	225	215	3,025	1,605	1,415
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	45	20	20	0	0	0	10	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	45	20	20	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	35	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	50	20	30	20	10	10	45	30	15
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	50	20	30	20	10	10	40	25	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	10	15	20	10	10	15	10	10
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	10	20	0	0	0	20	20	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	3,340	1,570	1,770	410	210	205	2,970	1,575	1,400
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	3,430	1,605	1,820	440	230	210	3,020	1,610	1,415
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	2,820	1,320	1,500	410	215	195	2,275	1,240	1,030
Canadian citizens aged under 18	800	340	460	50	25	25	80	35	45
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,020	980	1,040	365	195	175	2,195	1,210	985
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	605	290	320	25	10	15	750	365	385
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	3,430	1,605	1,820	440	230	210	3,020	1,610	1,415
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	1,970	930	1,045	345	180	165	1,730	990	740
Immigrants⁸¹	1,425	665	755	90	50	40	1,005	470	535
Before 1980	20	10	15	20	10	10	30	15	20
1980 to 1990	75	25	50	10	0	0	50	20	35
1991 to 2000	150	70	75	15	0	0	125	60	60
2001 to 2010	390	180	210	25	20	0	255	105	145
2011 to 2021⁸²	790	380	410	25	10	15	545	270	275
2011 to 2015	370	185	190	10	0	0	145	65	80
2016 to 2021	415	195	225	20	10	10	405	210	190
Non-permanent residents⁸³	30	20	15	0	0	0	290	145	145
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,420	665	755	90	45	45	1,005	465	535
Under 5 years	120	45	70	10	10	0	70	30	40
5 to 14 years	255	120	130	15	0	10	185	65	125
15 to 24 years	190	80	105	15	10	10	165	85	75
25 to 44 years	745	355	395	45	30	15	510	270	240
45 years and over	110	60	50	10	0	10	70	20	45
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,420	665	755	90	45	45	1,005	465	535
Americas	160	70	90	0	0	0	130	75	55
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Colombia	55	20	30	0	0	0	25	15	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	30	15	15	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Americas	35	0	25	0	0	0	40	20	15
Europe	235	125	115	55	30	25	135	75	60
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	35	20	15	0	0	0	10	0	10
Russian Federation	15	0	10	20	10	15	10	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	15	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	80	30	45	10	0	0	30	15	15
Other places of birth in Europe	45	20	20	15	10	0	30	20	10
Africa	235	115	120	0	0	0	140	60	85
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	150	70	80	0	0	0	65	30	30
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	0	0	0	45	20	25
Other places of birth in Africa	35	20	10	0	0	0	30	0	25
Asia	790	350	435	30	20	15	595	260	335
Afghanistan	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	50	20
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
China⁹⁰	20	15	0	0	0	0	90	35	60
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Korea, South⁹²	20	10	10	10	0	10	50	10	45
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
Philippines	435	180	250	0	0	0	50	25	20
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
India	145	75	75	10	10	0	160	80	85
Pakistan	65	30	30	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	70	20	45	0	0	0	85	25	60
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	415	195	225	15	0	10	400	210	195
Americas	35	20	20	0	0	0	40	25	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	15	0	15	0	0	0	10	10	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	40	20	15	15	0	10	20	10	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	115	50	60	0	0	0	90	50	45
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	105	45	60	0	0	0	55	30	25
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	230	110	125	0	0	0	255	130	130
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	65	30	35	0	0	0	95	45	50
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	120	65	60	0	0	0	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	3,425	1,605	1,820	440	230	210	3,025	1,610	1,415
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,495	690	805	95	50	45	1,325	625	695
Second generation¹⁰¹	800	380	420	60	35	25	540	305	235
Third generation or more¹⁰²	1,130	540	595	280	145	145	1,160	680	480
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,400	660	740	70	40	35	970	455	515
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	980	475	505	55	35	15	800	395	405
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	385	230	155	25	20	10	360	220	135
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	595	245	355	25	15	15	440	170	270
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	315	145	170	10	0	10	125	30	85
Refugees¹⁰⁸	90	35	60	10	0	0	55	30	20
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,400	660	740	70	40	35	970	455	515
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	10	10	0	0	0	20	15	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	235	125	110	10	0	10	110	60	50
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	20	10	0	0	0	55	20	40
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	95	50	45	0	0	0	155	90	70
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,015	450	565	55	35	25	635	280	355
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	3,425	1,605	1,820	440	230	210	3,025	1,610	1,415
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,640	755	880	40	20	20	1,320	635	685
South Asian	350	165	185	10	10	0	375	205	175
Chinese	35	15	20	0	0	0	225	110	120
Black	305	150	155	0	0	0	185	65	125
Filipino	630	275	360	0	0	0	75	40	35
Arab	55	30	25	0	0	0	50	35	15
Latin American	155	80	85	0	0	0	110	60	50
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
West Asian	20	0	15	0	0	0	80	60	20
Korean	15	10	10	10	0	0	100	25	75
Japanese	20	0	15	0	0	0	35	15	20
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Multiple visible minorities	45	25	25	0	0	0	40	20	15
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,795	850	935	395	205	190	1,705	970	730
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	3,430	1,605	1,815	440	230	210	3,025	1,610	1,415
Canadian	360	200	160	10	0	10	180	90	95
English	400	170	230	80	50	30	425	245	180
Irish	270	130	135	80	40	40	395	210	185
Scottish	355	145	210	110	50	60	370	215	155
French, n.o.s.¹²²	185	60	125	80	45	35	210	95	110
German	320	140	180	100	65	35	380	215	160
Chinese	80	25	55	0	0	0	250	120	130
Italian	75	55	20	0	0	0	105	65	45
Indian (India)	180	75	105	15	15	0	245	115	125
Ukrainian	135	55	80	25	15	10	130	75	55
Dutch	70	45	30	15	0	10	85	45	40
Polish	105	50	55	20	10	10	135	55	70
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	75	25	50	25	15	15	130	85	45
Filipino	570	240	330	0	0	0	95	55	40
French Canadian	25	0	15	25	0	20	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	85	45	40	15	10	0	75	35	35
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	30	0	20	0	0	0	30	25	10
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	50	20	30	15	10	0	65	35	30
Russian	145	80	75	25	10	15	60	30	30
Norwegian	60	35	30	0	0	0	100	70	30
Welsh	10	10	0	0	0	0	55	45	10
Portuguese	20	0	20	0	0	0	30	15	10
American	20	0	15	0	0	0	25	15	15
Spanish	75	30	50	0	0	0	25	20	0
Swedish	60	20	30	0	0	0	50	25	25
Hungarian	45	25	20	15	15	0	45	25	20
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	75	40	35	0	0	0	15	15	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	65	35	30	0	0	0	60	25	30
Jewish	40	15	20	15	0	10	10	10	0
Punjabi	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	25
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	25	10	15	0	0	0	40	15	30
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	15	15	10	0	10	65	20	50
Romanian	40	20	20	0	0	0	25	20	10
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	45	15
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	45	10	35	20	10	15	15	10	10
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	25	15	10	10	0	10	20	15	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	35	15	20	0	0	0	65	30	35
Mexican	15	10	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	15	10	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	10	15	10	0
Sri Lankan	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Japanese	20	0	15	0	0	0	40	20	20
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	25	25	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	35	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	45	25	25	0	0	0	50	20	25
Tamil	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	20	15	10	15	15	0
Colombian	50	20	20	0	0	0	25	20	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Afghan	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nigerian	120	65	55	0	0	0	15	0	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Australian	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	80	25	60	0	0	0	15	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	0	20	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Albertan	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	45	25	20	0	0	0	30	15	15
Byelorussian	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	20	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	3,425	1,610	1,820	440	225	210	3,025	1,610	1,415
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	15
Christian	1,890	825	1,060	180	70	115	850	420	425
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	455	185	275	30	15	10	180	90	85
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	40	20	20	10	10	0	55	25	25
Baptist	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	1,015	465	545	65	20	50	440	210	225
Christian Orthodox	85	40	40	15	10	10	35	15	15
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	45	10	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	60	20	45	20	10	10	60	30	25
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	100	50	55	25	10	15	35	20	15
Hindu	125	55	75	10	10	0	200	105	90
Jewish	0	0	0	25	10	10	10	10	0
Muslim	190	100	85	0	0	0	140	60	80
Sikh	60	25	40	0	0	0	25	15	15
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	10	10	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
No religion and secular perspectives	1,130	590	545	225	135	85	1,725	965	760
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	3,345	1,560	1,785	440	230	210	2,990	1,600	1,390
Non-movers	2,220	1,005	1,220	410	220	190	1,945	1,070	875
Movers	1,125	560	565	30	10	20	1,045	535	515
Non-migrants	1,000	500	500	10	0	10	705	345	355
Migrants	120	60	60	20	10	15	340	185	160
Internal migrants	110	55	55	20	10	15	235	125	115
Intraprovincial migrants	55	30	25	0	0	0	80	50	30
Interprovincial migrants	60	30	30	20	10	15	155	75	85
External migrants	15	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	3,090	1,475	1,615	430	220	210	2,970	1,590	1,380
Non-movers	115	60	60	290	155	135	590	330	260
Movers	2,975	1,415	1,560	140	65	80	2,385	1,270	1,115
Non-migrants	2,285	1,060	1,225	95	45	50	1,145	615	535
Migrants	695	355	335	45	20	30	1,235	650	580
Internal migrants	450	240	200	35	15	15	720	365	355
Intraprovincial migrants	205	110	95	15	10	10	355	200	155
Interprovincial migrants	240	135	105	20	10	10	370	170	200
External migrants	245	115	130	0	0	0	510	285	225
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,685	1,285	1,400	395	200	195	2,920	1,570	1,350
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	290	150	140	20	0	15	110	60	45
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,390	1,130	1,260	375	200	175	2,810	1,505	1,305
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,160	1,065	1,095	245	135	110	2,475	1,405	1,075
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	115	75	40	0	0	0	45	35	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,050	995	1,055	245	135	110	2,435	1,365	1,070
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,685	1,285	1,400	395	205	190	2,920	1,565	1,355
No certificate, diploma or degree	260	130	135	15	0	15	85	50	40
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	645	335	310	140	75	70	410	200	210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,780	825	960	240	130	110	2,425	1,320	1,105
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	820	380	440	95	60	35	515	290	220
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	135	105	30	25	25	0	95	85	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	45	20	20	0	0	0	35	30	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	95	85	10	25	25	0	65	55	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	570	225	340	55	25	30	365	180	180
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	45	75	15	0	0	50	25	25
Bachelor's degree or higher	960	445	515	145	70	75	1,910	1,025	880
Bachelor's degree	705	325	380	110	45	65	1,265	685	585
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	50	20	30	0	0	0	140	60	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	15	0	0	0	65	40	25
Master's degree	180	100	85	30	15	15	415	230	185
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,165	1,065	1,095	250	140	110	2,480	1,400	1,075
No certificate, diploma or degree	85	50	35	0	0	0	25	25	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	465	255	205	95	55	40	275	155	115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,615	755	860	155	80	70	2,180	1,220	960
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	720	340	380	65	45	20	415	255	165
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	115	95	20	10	10	0	90	75	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	35	20	20	0	0	0	30	25	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	80	75	0	10	10	0	60	55	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	495	200	295	45	25	20	285	160	130
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	105	45	60	0	0	0	40	20	20
Bachelor's degree or higher	890	420	475	85	40	50	1,760	965	795
Bachelor's degree	650	305	345	60	25	35	1,145	645	505
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	50	15	35	0	0	0	130	60	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	0	10	0	0	0	65	40	25
Master's degree	175	95	80	25	15	10	400	215	180
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,690	1,285	1,405	395	205	195	2,920	1,565	1,355
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	905	465	445	160	75	80	500	250	250
Education	85	25	65	15	0	15	45	0	40
13. Education	85	25	65	15	0	15	45	0	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	20	25	15	0	0	65	35	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	40	15	25	15	0	0	60	30	30
Humanities	70	20	50	0	0	0	90	25	65
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	0	0	0	0	35	0	35
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	20	0	0	0	20	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	15	15	0	0	0	20	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	190	60	125	35	15	20	325	155	170
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0	0	0	0	45	15	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15	0	0	0	15	10	10
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	20	0	0	0	80	35	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	15	0	0	0	15	10	0
42. Psychology	30	10	20	10	0	10	55	20	35
45. Social sciences	85	35	40	15	15	0	125	65	60
Business, management and public administration	470	200	265	50	35	20	700	365	340
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	0	0	0	30	10	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	455	195	260	50	35	20	670	355	315
Physical and life sciences and technologies	90	45	40	20	10	10	160	100	60
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	20	15	0	0	0	55	30	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	10	0	10	15	15	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	35	20	15	10	10	0	80	45	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	145	90	50	0	0	0	155	120	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	135	90	45	0	0	0	110	80	30
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	315	260	50	60	50	10	500	385	115
04. Architecture and related services	25	10	10	0	0	0	35	10	25
14. Engineering	100	85	15	30	20	10	345	265	80
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	85	70	20	10	10	0	70	65	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	50	40	0	20	20	0	30	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25	25	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
48. Precision production	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	10	15	0	0	0	15	0	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Health and related fields	275	55	225	30	0	25	290	90	205
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	10	15	0	0	0	30	10	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	240	40	200	25	0	25	240	60	175
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	80	40	45	15	10	0	70	40	25
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	40	10	35	10	0	0	40	20	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	25	15	10	0	0	0	20	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,160	1,070	1,100	245	135	110	2,480	1,405	1,075
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	545	310	240	95	55	40	300	185	115
Education	80	20	55	10	0	10	30	0	30
13. Education	80	20	55	10	0	10	30	0	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	20	20	10	0	10	55	30	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	15	20	10	0	10	55	30	25
Humanities	70	20	50	0	0	0	90	25	60
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	0	0	0	0	35	0	35
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	20	0	0	0	15	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	10	20	0	0	0	20	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	175	60	115	25	10	10	300	150	155
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0	0	0	0	40	15	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	15	0	0	0	15	10	10
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	20	0	0	0	70	35	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	15	0	0	0	15	10	0
42. Psychology	30	10	20	0	0	0	50	20	35
45. Social sciences	70	35	35	10	10	0	110	60	45
Business, management and public administration	420	175	240	45	30	15	650	345	300
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	415	175	240	45	30	15	615	335	280
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75	35	40	15	10	10	145	90	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	10	15	0	0	0	45	30	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	10	0	10	15	15	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	30	20	10	0	0	0	70	40	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	135	85	45	0	0	0	150	115	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	135	85	40	0	0	0	105	75	30
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	25	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	290	235	50	35	30	0	465	355	100
04. Architecture and related services	20	0	10	0	0	0	25	0	20
14. Engineering	95	80	20	15	10	0	320	250	70
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	80	65	15	10	10	0	70	60	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	50	40	10	10	10	0	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	20	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
48. Precision production	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	0	15	0	0	0	15	0	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Health and related fields	245	50	200	10	0	10	230	70	155
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	10	15	0	0	0	20	10	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	210	35	175	10	0	10	185	45	140
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	65	35	30	0	0	0	60	35	25
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	25	10	20	0	0	0	35	20	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	30	15	10	0	0	0	20	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,160	1,070	1,100	245	135	110	2,480	1,405	1,075
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	545	310	240	95	55	40	300	185	115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,615	760	855	155	85	70	2,180	1,220	960
Location of study inside Canada	1,000	480	515	115	60	50	1,535	860	680
Same as province or territory of residence	730	335	390	80	45	40	970	540	430
Different than province or territory of residence	265	145	125	30	20	15	565	320	250
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	615	280	340	40	15	20	640	365	285
Americas	75	30	45	0	0	0	175	105	70
United States of America	25	10	10	0	0	0	75	45	25
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30
Colombia	20	0	15	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	25	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Europe	110	55	55	15	10	10	130	75	55
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	10	10	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	50	35	20	0	0	0	55	40	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Africa	80	40	45	0	0	0	90	50	35
Nigeria	65	30	35	0	0	0	35	25	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Other locations of study in Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Asia	340	155	190	20	0	10	225	110	115
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	30	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	10	0	0	0	40	0	40
Philippines	210	100	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	70	30	40	0	0	0	95	45	45
Pakistan	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	15	10	10	0	0	0	25	15	10
Oceania	10	0	0	0	0	0	30	25	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	2,685	1,285	1,400	395	205	190	2,920	1,565	1,355
In the labour force	2,125	1,055	1,070	245	135	115	2,560	1,410	1,145
Employed	1,900	945	955	220	110	110	2,245	1,255	990
Unemployed	225	105	120	25	25	0	315	160	155
Not in the labour force	560	230	325	150	70	80	365	155	210
Participation rate	79.1	82.1	76.4	62.0	65.9	60.5	87.7	90.1	84.5
Employment rate	70.8	73.5	68.2	55.7	53.7	57.9	76.9	80.2	73.1
Unemployment rate	10.6	10.0	11.2	10.2	18.5	0.0	12.3	11.3	13.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	2,690	1,285	1,405	395	205	195	2,920	1,565	1,355
Did not work¹⁸⁶	620	250	370	160	80	80	435	180	255
Worked	2,065	1,040	1,030	240	125	115	2,485	1,385	1,095
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,190	625	565	125	75	50	1,425	850	575
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	875	410	465	110	45	60	1,060	535	520
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	42.8	40.6	42.2	44.4	40.0	42.2	43.4	40.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,130	1,050	1,075	250	135	110	2,555	1,415	1,145
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	10	20	10	10	0	80	30	50
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,095	1,040	1,055	240	130	110	2,480	1,385	1,095
Employee	1,900	935	965	200	105	100	2,215	1,210	1,000
Permanent position	1,640	850	790	180	85	90	1,850	1,065	780
Temporary position	265	85	175	25	15	10	365	145	220
Fixed term (1 year or more)	80	25	55	0	0	0	175	60	115
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	180	60	120	15	15	0	190	85	105
Self-employed¹⁹²	190	105	90	40	25	15	265	170	95
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,130	1,050	1,075	250	135	110	2,555	1,415	1,145
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	10	20	10	10	0	80	30	50
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,095	1,040	1,055	240	130	110	2,480	1,385	1,095
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	20	0	0	0	0	0	30	30	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	530	190	340	50	20	30	625	265	360
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	215	175	35	35	15	15	515	375	145
3 Health occupations	220	45	175	15	0	10	205	60	140
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	200	60	145	10	0	0	285	135	150
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	25	0	25	15	0	10	80	45	40
6 Sales and service occupations	460	200	260	65	25	45	500	285	220
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	345	305	45	50	50	0	190	170	25
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	30	15	10	0	0	0	15	10	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	55	45	15	0	0	0	25	15	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,130	1,050	1,075	250	135	110	2,555	1,415	1,145
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	10	20	10	10	0	80	30	50
All industries¹⁹¹	2,095	1,040	1,055	240	130	110	2,480	1,385	1,095
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	0	10	0	0	0	20	10	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	95	65	35	25	10	10	155	95	55
22 Utilities	10	10	0	0	0	0	35	20	10
23 Construction	205	170	40	25	25	0	135	95	40
31-33 Manufacturing	130	90	40	0	0	0	50	45	0
41 Wholesale trade	80	60	20	10	0	0	60	30	25
44-45 Retail trade	220	105	110	35	25	15	250	125	120
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	90	60	25	15	15	0	80	65	15
51 Information and cultural industries	50	35	15	0	0	0	75	40	35
52 Finance and insurance	125	50	75	10	0	0	145	100	40
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	45	20	25	0	0	0	75	45	30
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	240	135	105	20	0	15	575	360	215
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	100	30	65	0	0	0	65	40	25
61 Educational services	115	30	85	0	0	0	135	45	85
62 Health care and social assistance	305	50	250	30	0	25	275	90	185
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	10	15	15	10	0	55	35	25
72 Accommodation and food services	95	35	55	15	0	10	160	95	65
81 Other services (except public administration)	100	30	65	10	0	10	50	15	35
91 Public administration	60	40	20	15	0	10	90	25	70
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,215	1,080	1,135	250	130	125	2,575	1,440	1,140
English	2,060	1,010	1,050	245	125	120	2,465	1,380	1,085
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	15
English and French	25	0	25	0	0	0	20	0	15
English and non-official language(s)	115	65	45	0	0	0	80	60	25
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,215	1,080	1,135	250	130	125	2,575	1,440	1,140
Single responses	2,195	1,065	1,125	250	130	125	2,555	1,420	1,140
Official languages	2,180	1,060	1,115	250	130	125	2,540	1,420	1,120
English	2,170	1,060	1,110	250	130	125	2,540	1,420	1,120
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	15	0	10	0	0	0	15	0	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	0	10	0	0	0	15	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,215	1,080	1,135	250	130	125	2,575	1,440	1,140
None	2,085	1,020	1,060	245	125	120	2,500	1,400	1,100
English	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	20	0	15	0	0	0	20	0	15
Non-official language	80	40	40	0	0	0	55	35	20
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	80	40	40	0	0	0	55	35	20
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,900	945	960	220	110	110	2,245	1,250	990
Worked at home	470	215	255	70	25	50	1,030	590	440
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
No fixed workplace address	260	180	75	25	15	10	195	160	35
Usual place of work	1,170	545	625	125	75	50	1,005	505	505
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,170	545	625	125	75	50	1,005	500	510
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,050	480	570	120	70	50	965	475	490
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	80	45	35	0	0	0	20	20	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	30	20	10	0	0	0	15	0	10
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,430	725	705	150	90	60	1,200	660	545
Car, truck or van	1,245	660	585	115	75	40	700	385	315
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,160	645	515	105	75	30	630	370	260
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	90	20	75	10	0	10	75	15	60
Public transit	75	20	55	30	15	15	180	105	75
Walked	35	0	30	0	0	0	270	135	135
Bicycle	10	10	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other method	65	30	35	0	0	0	35	20	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,430	725	705	150	90	60	1,200	660	545
Less than 15 minutes	210	85	125	15	10	10	315	175	140
15 to 29 minutes	700	345	355	90	55	35	625	345	280
30 to 44 minutes	370	220	145	25	15	10	195	110	85
45 to 59 minutes	80	40	45	10	0	0	25	10	15
60 minutes and over	65	40	25	0	0	0	45	20	25
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,430	725	705	150	90	60	1,200	660	545
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	110	85	25	0	0	0	60	45	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	285	165	110	35	20	15	185	100	85
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	460	220	235	45	25	20	365	200	170
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	220	90	135	20	15	10	310	165	145
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	140	70	70	20	10	15	165	90	75
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	220	95	120	20	15	10	115	60	60
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	820	400	420	65	30	35	180	85	95
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	65	35	30	0	0	0	10	5	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	755	370	390	60	30	30	175	80	90
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	465	230	235	50	25	25	95	45	50
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35	20	15	0	0	0	10	0	5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	5	10	0	0	0	5	0	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	430	210	220	50	20	20	90	40	50

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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