Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062579More information: Alberta [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	1,698	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	476	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	469	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,538.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.67	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	1,695	850	850
0 to 14 years	400	210	190
0 to 4 years	85	40	45
5 to 9 years	150	80	65
10 to 14 years	170	90	80
15 to 64 years	1,225	600	625
15 to 19 years	145	70	75
20 to 24 years	125	65	55
25 to 29 years	85	45	40
30 to 34 years	95	45	45
35 to 39 years	115	45	65
40 to 44 years	145	70	80
45 to 49 years	190	90	100
50 to 54 years	165	75	90
55 to 59 years	110	60	45
60 to 64 years	55	30	30
65 years and over	75	40	40
65 to 69 years	40	25	20
70 to 74 years	10	0	5
75 to 79 years	10	5	10
80 to 84 years	15	5	10
85 years and over	5	5	0
85 to 89 years	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	23.6	24.7	22.4
15 to 64 years	72.3	70.6	73.5
65 years and over	4.4	4.7	4.7
85 years and over	0.3	0.6	0.0
Average age of the population	33.8	33.4	34.2
Median age of the population	35.2	33.2	36.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	470	...	...
Single-detached house	455	...	...
Semi-detached house	15	...	...
Row house	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	470	...	...
1 person	25	...	...
2 persons	75	...	...
3 persons	110	...	...
4 persons	155	...	...
5 or more persons	100	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,695	850	850
Average household size	3.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,300	635	660
Married or living common-law	845	420	425
Married	790	395	400
Living common-law	55	25	25
Living common law - Never married	35	15	20
Living common law - Separated	5	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	15	5	10
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	450	220	230
Not married and not living common law - Never married	370	195	175
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	10	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	40	10	25
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	25	0	20
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	460	...	...
2 persons	100	...	...
3 persons	125	...	...
4 persons	160	...	...
5 or more persons	70	...	...
Average size of census families	3.5	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	460	...	...
Total couple families	410	...	...
Married couples	390	...	...
With children⁶	310	...	...
Without children	70	...	...
Common-law couples	25	...	...
With children⁶	20	...	...
Without children	5	...	...
Total one-parent families	45	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	35	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	1,695	850	850
Total - Persons in census families	1,600	805	790
Married spouses or common-law partners	825	410	415
Parents in one-parent families	45	10	35
Children⁶	725	385	345
In a two-parent family	650	345	305
In a one-parent family	80	40	35
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	95	40	55
Living alone	25	15	10
Living with other relatives⁷	45	15	25
Living with non-relatives only	30	15	15
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	470	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	375	...	...
Couple-family households	340	...	...
With children⁶	285	...	...
Without children	60	...	...
One-parent-family households	35	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	35	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	25	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	5	...	...
One-person households	25	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,295	640	655
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,235	605	635
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,800	56,400	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,235	605	635
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,400	48,400	31,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,130	575	560
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	54,800	24,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,030	525	505
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	57,200	27,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,055	500	560
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,120	2,260	6,450
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	145	65	80
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,880	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	455	205	250
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	9,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,335	645	690
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,275	590	685
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,000	68,400	43,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,275	590	685
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,500	56,400	37,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,165	555	610
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,900	66,400	38,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,060	515	545
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,600	67,600	38,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,075	485	595
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,100	7,800	10,160
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	175	90	90
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,350	6,600	8,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	520	225	295
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,280	10,400	8,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,330	640	695
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	490	275	215
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	76,500	85,000	72,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	86,000	100,000	68,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	410	175	235
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,200	20,000	14,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,100	34,000	23,800
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	86.0	91.0	79.5
Employment income (%)¹⁹	79.2	86.0	70.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	14.0	9.3	20.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	1.4	2.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	7.5	6.1	9.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.9	5.8	8.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,300	635	660
Without total income	60	35	20
With total income	1,240	600	635
Under $10,000 (including loss)	170	50	115
$10,000 to $19,999	160	65	95
$20,000 to $29,999	145	60	80
$30,000 to $39,999	120	55	65
$40,000 to $49,999	95	40	50
$50,000 to $59,999	100	45	60
$60,000 to $69,999	80	40	40
$70,000 to $79,999	65	30	35
$80,000 to $89,999	50	30	20
$90,000 to $99,999	60	35	25
$100,000 and over	195	145	50
$100,000 to $149,999	120	80	40
$150,000 and over	75	65	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,300	635	660
Without after-tax income	60	35	20
With after-tax income	1,240	600	635
Under $10,000 (including loss)	165	50	120
$10,000 to $19,999	165	65	95
$20,000 to $29,999	170	75	90
$30,000 to $39,999	135	60	70
$40,000 to $49,999	140	55	80
$50,000 to $59,999	100	50	50
$60,000 to $69,999	80	45	40
$70,000 to $79,999	65	40	30
$80,000 to $89,999	50	35	20
$90,000 to $99,999	50	30	20
$100,000 and over	115	95	20
$100,000 to $124,999	50	40	10
$125,000 and over	65	55	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,300	635	660
Without employment income	270	115	155
With employment income	1,025	525	500
Under $5,000 (including loss)	110	40	65
$5,000 to $9,999	125	35	90
$10,000 to $19,999	130	60	70
$20,000 to $29,999	70	30	40
$30,000 to $39,999	65	40	25
$40,000 to $49,999	65	30	40
$50,000 to $59,999	80	30	45
$60,000 to $69,999	65	35	25
$70,000 to $79,999	55	20	30
$80,000 to $89,999	45	30	15
$90,000 to $99,999	40	30	15
$100,000 and over	180	140	45
$100,000 to $124,999	75	50	25
$125,000 and over	100	85	15
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,295	640	655
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,155	565	585
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,600	61,600	35,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,155	565	585
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200	52,000	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,070	545	520
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,200	62,400	35,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	965	505	465
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,400	64,000	38,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	950	460	490
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,020	890	2,560
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	95	40	50
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,320	4,520	5,520
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,335	645	690
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,185	570	615
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,000	69,200	45,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,185	570	615
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,300	56,000	39,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,095	530	565
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,200	72,400	44,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,010	505	505
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,300	72,400	46,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	935	435	505
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,210	2,190	5,940
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	100	50	50
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,600	7,400	9,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,330	640	695
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	475	265	210
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	75,000	84,000	66,500
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	85,200	99,000	68,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	395	170	225
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,400	30,400	30,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,800	42,800	34,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	94.0	98.0	89.0
Employment income (%)	88.8	93.0	83.0
Government transfers (%)	5.8	2.4	10.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.0	1.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	470	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	141,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	25	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	440	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	485	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	122,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	455	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	149,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	126,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	470	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	340	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	70	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	60	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	115	...	...
$200,000 and over	100	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	470	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	35	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	300	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	90	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	75	...	...
$150,000 and over	140	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	435	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	143,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	65	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	330	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	153,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	55	25	30
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	55,200	94,000	45,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,800	77,000	42,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	460	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	145,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	123,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	156,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	335	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	155,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	50	25	25
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	66,000	85,000	48,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	54,000	68,000	40,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	1,700	850	850
0 to 17 years	485	250	230
0 to 5 years	110	55	55
18 to 64 years	1,140	560	580
65 years and over	75	35	35
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	60	25	35
0 to 17 years	15	5	10
0 to 5 years	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	40	20	25
65 years and over	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	3.7	3.0	4.4
0 to 17 years (%)	3.6	2.0	5.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	3.7	3.6	3.8
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	1,695	850	850
0 to 17 years	485	250	235
0 to 5 years	110	50	60
18 to 64 years	1,145	560	580
65 years and over	75	40	35
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	50	20	30
0 to 17 years	10	0	5
0 to 5 years	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	35	15	20
65 years and over	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.8	2.4	3.4
0 to 17 years (%)	2.0	1.6	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	3.0	2.4	3.6
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	1,695	850	850
In bottom half of the distribution	520	235	285
In bottom decile	60	20	35
In second decile	65	30	35
In third decile	150	70	75
In fourth decile	135	55	80
In fifth decile	110	55	55
In top half of the distribution	1,175	615	565
In sixth decile	200	105	95
In seventh decile	215	115	105
In eighth decile	290	150	140
In ninth decile	230	115	115
In top decile	240	125	115
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	1,695	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.268	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.336	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.238	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	1,695	850	850
English only	1,575	790	780
French only	0	0	0
English and French	95	40	50
Neither English nor French	25	15	20
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	1,695	850	850
English	1,620	815	805
French	20	10	10
English and French	25	15	10
Neither English nor French	25	15	20
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	1,695	850	850
Single responses	1,530	765	770
Official languages	785	395	395
English	765	385	385
French	20	10	10
Non-official languages	750	370	375
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	750	370	375
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	25	30
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	55	30	30
Amharic	10	5	5
Arabic	35	20	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160	80	80
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	5
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	140	70	70
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	5	10
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	345	175	170
Albanian	10	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	50	50
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	100	50	50
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5
Russian	55	25	30
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	10
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	20	10	10
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	5
German	5	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	140	80	65
Indo-Aryan languages	110	55	50
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	5
Gujarati	30	15	15
Hindi	25	15	15
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5
Urdu	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	25	10
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	30	25	10
Dari	20	10	10
Iranian Persian	10	10	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	45	50
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5
Romanian	15	10	5
Spanish	70	30	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	35	15	20
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	45	55
Chinese languages	100	45	55
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	90	45	50
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	165	80	80
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	145	75	70
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	1,695	850	850
English	780	395	385
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	200	85	110
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	200	85	110
English and French	5	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	655	330	320
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	15
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	1,695	850	850
Single responses	1,540	770	770
Official languages	1,030	525	505
English	1,020	520	495
French	15	5	5
Non-official languages	505	240	265
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	505	240	265
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	15
Amharic	15	5	10
Arabic	15	10	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	105	50	55
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	40	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	5
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	235	120	115
Albanian	5	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	80	40	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	80	40	40
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5
Russian	50	25	25
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	5	10
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	20	5	10
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	90	50	40
Indo-Aryan languages	70	35	35
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	10	15
Hindi	20	10	10
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	15	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	20	10	10
Dari	10	0	5
Iranian Persian	10	5	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	25	30
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	40	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	30	15	15
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	30	45
Chinese languages	75	30	45
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	65	30	35
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	155	80	80
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	155	80	80
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	1,695	850	850
None	1,125	560	570
English	250	120	125
French	5	0	0
Non-official language	260	140	125
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	260	135	125
English and French	10	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	15
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	1,755	885	870
Official languages	1,715	870	845
English	1,715	870	845
French	85	40	45
Non-official languages	990	495	500
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	980	485	495
Afro-Asiatic languages	125	60	65
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	125	60	65
Amharic	40	20	20
Arabic	60	30	35
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	15	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	230	105	125
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	10	20
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	230	105	125
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	460	250	210
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	80	45	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	80	45	35
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	55	30	25
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	0
German	10	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	20	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages	240	140	100
Indo-Aryan languages	160	85	75
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	40	25	15
Hindi	90	45	40
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	25	15	15
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	20	15
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	80	55	30
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	80	55	30
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	20	20	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	120	40	80
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	0	10
Romanian	20	10	10
Spanish	90	30	60
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	50	75
Chinese languages	125	50	75
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	95	40	55
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	20	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,755	885	870
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	55	30	20
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	55	30	20
First Nations (North American Indian)	35	25	15
Métis	20	10	10
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,700	850	850
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,755	885	870
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	35	25	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,720	860	860
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	485	...	...
Owner	430	...	...
Renter	55	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	485	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...
Not condominium	480	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	485	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	15	...	...
3 bedrooms	290	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	485	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	100	...	...
5 rooms	90	...	...
6 rooms	110	...	...
7 rooms	95	...	...
8 or more rooms	95	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	485	...	...
One person or fewer per room	455	...	...
More than one person per room	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	485	...	...
Suitable	455	...	...
Not suitable	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	485	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	115	...	...
2006 to 2010	285	...	...
2011 to 2015	60	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	485	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	475	...	...
Major repairs needed	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	485	...	...
One-maintainer household	185	...	...
Two-maintainer household	255	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	45	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	485	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	40	...	...
35 to 44 years	125	...	...
45 to 54 years	195	...	...
55 to 64 years	100	...	...
65 to 74 years	15	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	485	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	400	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	85	...	...
30% to less than 100%	70	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	485	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	125	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	80	...	...
Not suitable only	30	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	360	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	475	...	...
In core need	20	...	...
Not in core need	455	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	430	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	84.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,200	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,100	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	480,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	482,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	55	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	36.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,080	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,850	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,755	880	875
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	35	20	15
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	35	20	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	30	20	10
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	20	10	10
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,700	850	845
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,755	880	875
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,575	795	780
Canadian citizens aged under 18	475	275	200
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,100	520	580
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	180	85	95
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,755	880	875
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	845	425	420
Immigrants⁸¹	910	460	450
Before 1980	0	0	0
1980 to 1990	40	15	20
1991 to 2000	90	50	40
2001 to 2010	500	260	235
2011 to 2021⁸²	275	120	155
2011 to 2015	130	60	70
2016 to 2021	140	60	80
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	910	460	450
Under 5 years	75	50	25
5 to 14 years	120	60	60
15 to 24 years	155	80	70
25 to 44 years	490	230	255
45 years and over	70	35	35
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	910	460	450
Americas	70	25	45
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	20	10	10
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	95	65	30
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	15	0	0
Russian Federation	15	10	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	10	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	15	0
Africa	120	55	60
Algeria	15	10	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	30	10	20
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	50	30	20
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	0	15
Asia	630	310	320
Afghanistan	60	35	25
Iran⁸⁸	30	15	10
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	80	35	45
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	0	10
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	235	110	125
Viet Nam	15	0	15
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	125	70	55
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	35	20
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	140	65	80
Americas	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	15	10	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	30	15	20
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	95	35	60
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	20	10	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	30	0	25
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	1,755	885	870
First generation¹⁰⁰	925	460	465
Second generation¹⁰¹	405	205	205
Third generation or more¹⁰²	425	220	200
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	905	455	450
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	600	310	285
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	235	170	70
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	360	145	220
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	210	80	125
Refugees¹⁰⁸	95	60	35
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	905	455	450
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	10	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	70	35	35
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	20	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	25	10	20
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	765	380	385
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	1,755	885	870
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,110	555	550
South Asian	240	135	95
Chinese	130	55	75
Black	175	80	90
Filipino	290	135	160
Arab	55	25	30
Latin American	40	15	20
Southeast Asian	15	10	0
West Asian	110	75	35
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	55	20	35
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	645	325	325
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	1,750	880	875
Canadian	120	40	80
English	185	110	75
Irish	70	55	15
Scottish	125	55	70
French, n.o.s.¹²²	50	35	10
German	90	35	50
Chinese	165	80	85
Italian	35	15	20
Indian (India)	105	60	50
Ukrainian	65	30	35
Dutch	0	0	0
Polish	40	35	0
Québécois	15	0	10
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	15	0	15
Filipino	265	125	140
French Canadian	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	35	10	25
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0
Métis	20	10	10
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0
Russian	35	15	20
Norwegian	35	15	20
Welsh	20	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0
American	0	0	0
Spanish	50	25	25
Swedish	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	15	10
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	25	20	0
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	60	25	35
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	10
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	20	10	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0
Danish	25	10	15
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	35	25	10
Mexican	20	10	10
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	30	25	10
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	15	10	10
Muslim	35	20	15
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	35	15	25
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	65	40	25
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	30	15	15
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	35	15	20
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	25	0	25
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	50	25	30
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	20	20
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	20	15	10
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	1,755	885	870
Buddhist	25	0	20
Christian	900	435	460
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	200	100	100
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0
Catholic	435	215	215
Christian Orthodox	100	45	50
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	25	0	15
Lutheran	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	40	20	15
Presbyterian	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	20	0	15
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	70	30	35
Hindu	155	90	65
Jewish	20	10	15
Muslim	180	100	80
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	460	230	230
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,750	880	875
Non-movers	1,550	760	785
Movers	205	115	85
Non-migrants	175	100	70
Migrants	30	20	15
Internal migrants	30	20	15
Intraprovincial migrants	30	20	15
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	1,675	840	835
Non-movers	1,215	640	580
Movers	460	200	255
Non-migrants	235	110	130
Migrants	225	95	125
Internal migrants	130	50	75
Intraprovincial migrants	75	25	50
Interprovincial migrants	50	25	25
External migrants	95	45	55
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,330	640	695
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	170	65	105
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,165	580	590
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	990	485	505
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	75	25	45
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	920	460	460
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,335	645	690
No certificate, diploma or degree	165	60	95
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	315	160	155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	855	415	440
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	280	105	175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35	20	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	20	15	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	190	65	125
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	50	15	30
Bachelor's degree or higher	575	310	265
Bachelor's degree	405	205	200
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	35	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	10
Master's degree	90	55	35
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	995	485	510
No certificate, diploma or degree	70	25	40
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	160	90	75
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	760	370	395
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	240	85	150
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	30	15	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	20	0	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	165	60	110
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	40	10	30
Bachelor's degree or higher	525	285	240
Bachelor's degree	360	185	180
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	50	30	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10
Master's degree	95	60	35
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,335	645	690
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	480	225	250
Education	30	10	20
13. Education	30	10	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10
Humanities	50	15	30
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	15	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	60	20	40
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	0	10
45. Social sciences	25	15	10
Business, management and public administration	200	75	125
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	200	75	125
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	25	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	40	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	30	15
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	250	195	55
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	180	150	30
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	45	25	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	115	15	105
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	105	15	100
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	15	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	990	485	505
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	230	120	115
Education	25	10	15
13. Education	25	10	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0
Humanities	45	20	25
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	50	15	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	0	10
45. Social sciences	20	10	10
Business, management and public administration	190	70	120
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	180	65	120
Physical and life sciences and technologies	40	25	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50	35	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	30	15
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	220	175	45
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	160	130	30
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	30	20	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	105	0	100
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	95	0	95
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	15	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	990	485	505
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	230	120	115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	760	370	390
Location of study inside Canada	310	160	155
Same as province or territory of residence	225	110	115
Different than province or territory of residence	85	50	35
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	450	210	235
Americas	40	25	15
United States of America	20	15	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	55	35	20
Belgium	0	0	0
France	10	10	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	0	0
Africa	35	10	25
Nigeria	10	0	0
Algeria	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	325	140	185
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	50	20	30
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	155	70	85
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	65	30	35
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	25	10	15
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,335	645	690
In the labour force	1,025	510	515
Employed	845	430	415
Unemployed	180	80	105
Not in the labour force	310	135	175
Participation rate	76.8	79.1	74.6
Employment rate	63.3	66.7	60.1
Unemployment rate	17.6	15.7	20.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,335	645	690
Did not work¹⁸⁶	385	170	215
Worked	945	470	475
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	500	280	220
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	445	190	255
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.4	41.3	37.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,025	505	515
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	75	45	35
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	950	465	485
Employee	855	420	440
Permanent position	720	370	355
Temporary position	130	55	80
Fixed term (1 year or more)	35	15	20
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	100	35	60
Self-employed¹⁹²	90	45	50
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,025	505	515
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	75	45	35
All occupations¹⁹¹	950	465	485
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	180	55	125
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	150	125	25
3 Health occupations	95	10	85
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	95	35	65
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	25	15	15
6 Sales and service occupations	230	70	160
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	125	125	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	35	20	10
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,025	505	515
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	75	45	35
All industries¹⁹¹	950	465	485
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	20	15
22 Utilities	0	0	0
23 Construction	65	60	10
31-33 Manufacturing	60	55	10
41 Wholesale trade	20	0	15
44-45 Retail trade	125	45	80
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	30	25	0
51 Information and cultural industries	10	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	35	10	25
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	20	20	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	140	100	40
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	25	0	20
61 Educational services	25	0	25
62 Health care and social assistance	145	20	125
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	35	15	25
72 Accommodation and food services	40	0	35
81 Other services (except public administration)	65	35	25
91 Public administration	55	30	20
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,040	515	525
English	965	485	480
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	65	25	40
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,040	515	525
Single responses	1,035	515	520
Official languages	1,005	500	510
English	1,005	500	510
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	25	15	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	25	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	15	10
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,040	515	525
None	985	490	495
English	15	10	0
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	45	20	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	45	20	25
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	840	430	410
Worked at home	215	115	100
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	65	45	15
Usual place of work	550	255	300
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	550	250	295
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	495	210	280
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	45	30	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	620	300	315
Car, truck or van	495	245	250
Car, truck or van - as a driver	455	235	220
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	45	15	30
Public transit	80	25	50
Walked	0	0	0
Bicycle	10	10	0
Other method	30	15	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	620	300	315
Less than 15 minutes	75	50	30
15 to 29 minutes	265	100	165
30 to 44 minutes	170	100	65
45 to 59 minutes	65	30	30
60 minutes and over	45	20	25
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	620	300	315
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	65	50	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	110	45	65
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	140	70	70
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	155	75	75
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	90	40	45
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	50	20	35
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	500	255	240
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	40	20	20
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	455	235	220
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	405	215	190
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	20	15
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	15	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	10	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	370	195	175

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 16, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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