Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062567More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062624More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	880	...	...	7,975	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	306	...	...	3,137	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	304	...	...	3,062	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,522.8	...	...	1,355.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.25	...	...	5.88	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	880	425	455	7,975	3,860	4,115
0 to 14 years	130	70	60	1,765	865	905
0 to 4 years	40	20	20	795	385	410
5 to 9 years	50	25	25	570	280	290
10 to 14 years	45	30	15	405	205	200
15 to 64 years	605	280	325	5,710	2,775	2,930
15 to 19 years	55	20	35	400	195	205
20 to 24 years	60	35	25	505	250	255
25 to 29 years	40	20	25	765	355	410
30 to 34 years	40	15	20	915	425	490
35 to 39 years	50	20	25	880	430	445
40 to 44 years	45	25	20	685	355	330
45 to 49 years	55	30	25	510	260	250
50 to 54 years	65	30	40	430	230	205
55 to 59 years	100	35	65	340	140	200
60 to 64 years	95	45	50	275	140	140
65 years and over	145	75	70	500	215	285
65 to 69 years	60	30	30	230	100	135
70 to 74 years	35	20	15	145	55	90
75 to 79 years	20	5	15	80	40	45
80 to 84 years	20	10	10	35	20	15
85 years and over	10	0	5	5	5	0
85 to 89 years	10	5	5	5	5	0
90 to 94 years	5	0	0	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.8	16.5	13.2	22.1	22.4	22.0
15 to 64 years	68.8	65.9	71.4	71.6	71.9	71.2
65 years and over	16.5	17.6	15.4	6.3	5.6	6.9
85 years and over	1.1	0.0	1.1	0.1	0.1	0.0
Average age of the population	43.0	42.4	43.5	32.8	32.6	33.0
Median age of the population	46.8	45.2	48.4	32.8	33.2	32.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	305	...	...	3,060	...	...
Single-detached house	300	...	...	1,360	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	355	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	255	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	1,090	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	300	...	...	3,060	...	...
1 person	40	...	...	720	...	...
2 persons	115	...	...	995	...	...
3 persons	55	...	...	530	...	...
4 persons	55	...	...	555	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	265	...	...
Number of persons in private households	880	425	455	7,970	3,855	4,115
Average household size	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	750	355	395	6,210	2,990	3,215
Married or living common-law	495	245	250	3,980	1,990	1,985
Married	460	230	230	3,280	1,640	1,640
Living common-law	35	15	20	695	350	345
Living common law - Never married	30	15	20	580	290	285
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	10	5	0
Living common law - Divorced	5	5	5	100	50	50
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	10	5	5
Not married and not living common-law	250	110	145	2,235	1,000	1,230
Not married and not living common law - Never married	180	90	95	1,630	810	820
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	5	10	150	65	90
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	30	10	25	335	100	235
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	20	5	15	105	25	85
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	270	...	...	2,265	...	...
2 persons	120	...	...	995	...	...
3 persons	55	...	...	525	...	...
4 persons	65	...	...	560	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	190	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	265	...	...	2,265	...	...
Total couple families	245	...	...	1,955	...	...
Married couples	225	...	...	1,610	...	...
With children⁶	130	...	...	1,060	...	...
Without children	100	...	...	545	...	...
Common-law couples	20	...	...	350	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	115	...	...
Without children	10	...	...	235	...	...
Total one-parent families	20	...	...	305	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	15	...	...	245	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	0	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	880	425	455	7,970	3,855	4,115
Total - Persons in census families	805	395	405	6,790	3,320	3,475
Married spouses or common-law partners	490	240	245	3,920	1,955	1,955
Parents in one-parent families	25	5	20	305	65	245
Children⁶	290	150	140	2,570	1,300	1,270
In a two-parent family	255	130	125	2,150	1,095	1,050
In a one-parent family	35	20	15	420	200	215
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	75	30	50	1,180	535	645
Living alone	35	15	25	715	320	395
Living with other relatives⁷	25	5	20	190	70	115
Living with non-relatives only	20	15	5	275	145	130
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	305	...	...	3,065	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	230	...	...	2,020	...	...
Couple-family households	210	...	...	1,765	...	...
With children⁶	115	...	...	1,065	...	...
Without children	100	...	...	705	...	...
One-parent-family households	15	...	...	250	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	20	...	...	85	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	10	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...	85	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	10	...	...	140	...	...
One-person households	40	...	...	720	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	750	355	395	6,205	2,990	3,215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	715	345	375	5,935	2,880	3,060
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,600	60,400	40,400	50,000	59,600	43,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	715	345	375	5,935	2,880	3,060
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,800	52,800	37,200	44,400	50,800	39,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	675	325	350	5,520	2,735	2,785
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	59,600	33,600	46,800	57,600	37,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	520	260	265	5,055	2,530	2,520
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	59,600	31,800	47,600	57,600	39,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	605	300	305	5,190	2,450	2,740
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,360	3,120	8,300	5,760	2,620	7,950
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	45	15	30	835	350	480
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	x	6,040	6,200	5,960	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	205	95	110	2,000	930	1,070
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,500	10,000	9,500	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	710	315	400	6,280	3,055	3,220
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	665	310	360	6,020	2,945	3,075
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	75,000	104,000	50,400	59,600	70,500	49,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	665	310	360	6,020	2,945	3,075
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,400	80,000	41,600	49,880	57,800	42,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	640	305	335	5,630	2,855	2,775
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	70,000	98,000	44,400	55,500	66,400	44,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	495	255	240	5,170	2,650	2,520
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	70,000	97,000	41,600	55,450	65,500	44,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	575	270	305	5,255	2,480	2,775
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,400	8,500	10,200	8,820	7,190	10,280
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	55	20	30	855	325	530
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,800	5,600	8,000	8,180	6,380	9,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	220	100	125	2,115	1,010	1,105
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	7,200	9,400	8,830	8,640	9,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	715	315	395	6,285	3,060	3,220
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	245	145	95	2,635	1,435	1,200
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	74,500	74,500	72,000	69,500	79,000	58,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	104,000	128,000	70,000	77,300	86,300	66,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	200	80	115	1,965	1,000	960
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,500	12,300	16,200	26,000	31,400	20,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	42,800	67,000	25,200	34,760	42,200	27,050
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	89.0	92.0	83.0	87.0	91.4	81.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	69.0	77.0	56.0	80.0	83.6	75.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	10.8	7.2	17.2	12.9	8.6	18.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.4	1.4	2.0	1.0	3.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.0	2.3	6.9	5.7	4.5	7.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.7	2.2	6.4	5.2	4.2	6.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	750	355	395	6,200	2,990	3,215
Without total income	30	10	20	265	110	150
With total income	715	340	375	5,940	2,880	3,060
Under $10,000 (including loss)	65	25	40	460	170	285
$10,000 to $19,999	80	25	50	440	175	270
$20,000 to $29,999	85	45	35	675	280	400
$30,000 to $39,999	75	25	50	690	265	430
$40,000 to $49,999	70	30	40	710	305	400
$50,000 to $59,999	50	20	30	610	260	350
$60,000 to $69,999	35	15	15	545	270	275
$70,000 to $79,999	40	15	20	410	225	185
$80,000 to $89,999	40	20	20	315	190	125
$90,000 to $99,999	25	15	10	280	165	115
$100,000 and over	155	105	50	805	575	230
$100,000 to $149,999	85	50	35	580	405	180
$150,000 and over	75	55	15	220	175	50
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	750	355	395	6,200	2,990	3,215
Without after-tax income	30	10	20	265	110	150
With after-tax income	715	340	375	5,940	2,880	3,060
Under $10,000 (including loss)	70	25	50	475	175	300
$10,000 to $19,999	80	30	55	445	180	270
$20,000 to $29,999	90	50	40	815	335	485
$30,000 to $39,999	95	30	65	865	360	505
$40,000 to $49,999	65	30	35	855	365	495
$50,000 to $59,999	60	25	35	715	360	360
$60,000 to $69,999	50	20	30	530	290	235
$70,000 to $79,999	35	20	10	410	245	165
$80,000 to $89,999	40	20	20	265	170	100
$90,000 to $99,999	25	20	5	190	125	60
$100,000 and over	95	70	25	375	290	90
$100,000 to $124,999	35	15	15	195	140	50
$125,000 and over	65	55	15	180	145	40
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	750	355	395	6,200	2,990	3,215
Without employment income	220	95	130	1,155	460	695
With employment income	525	260	265	5,050	2,535	2,520
Under $5,000 (including loss)	70	40	35	470	175	295
$5,000 to $9,999	55	20	30	345	140	200
$10,000 to $19,999	55	20	30	495	200	295
$20,000 to $29,999	40	15	25	405	165	235
$30,000 to $39,999	35	15	20	425	180	240
$40,000 to $49,999	30	15	15	495	230	265
$50,000 to $59,999	25	15	15	480	220	260
$60,000 to $69,999	25	10	15	435	230	205
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	15	300	165	130
$80,000 to $89,999	25	15	10	255	155	100
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	10	240	140	105
$100,000 and over	125	85	35	705	515	190
$100,000 to $124,999	40	25	25	375	260	115
$125,000 and over	80	60	15	335	260	70
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	750	355	395	6,205	2,990	3,215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	710	340	370	5,785	2,800	2,985
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,600	61,200	38,400	49,600	59,600	41,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	710	340	370	5,790	2,800	2,990
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600	54,000	35,600	43,600	51,200	38,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	675	325	345	5,465	2,705	2,760
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	60,400	36,000	48,400	59,200	40,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	525	265	260	5,025	2,520	2,505
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	57,600	37,200	48,800	59,200	40,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	590	300	290	4,940	2,310	2,625
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,040	940	1,620	1,030	890	2,240
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	35	15	20	600	245	355
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,150	x	6,800	6,040	4,680	7,200
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	710	315	400	6,280	3,055	3,220
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	655	310	345	5,855	2,890	2,965
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	72,400	94,000	52,800	58,900	70,600	47,440
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	655	310	345	5,855	2,890	2,965
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,700	73,000	44,200	48,800	57,050	40,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	640	305	335	5,565	2,805	2,760
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	69,000	91,000	49,400	57,950	70,200	45,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	480	250	235	5,160	2,630	2,525
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	69,600	86,000	51,200	57,400	68,100	46,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	535	255	270	4,935	2,310	2,620
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,200	6,040	6,360	4,512	3,136	5,725
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	25	0	20	550	190	365
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,600	...	8,000	7,720	6,080	8,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	715	315	395	6,285	3,060	3,220
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	235	135	90	2,630	1,410	1,220
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	75,000	75,500	71,000	66,500	74,000	57,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	94,000	112,000	68,000	75,300	86,000	63,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	190	80	105	1,920	990	930
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,600	12,600	23,200	31,600	39,600	26,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	55,600	68,000	46,000	41,400	49,800	32,300
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	93.2	94.0	91.0	93.6	96.4	89.4
Employment income (%)	70.5	74.0	65.0	85.8	87.8	83.2
Government transfers (%)	6.9	5.4	9.4	6.5	3.6	10.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.4	x	0.9	1.2	0.6	2.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	300	...	...	3,060	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	139,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	40	...	...	720	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	59,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	50,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	265	...	...	2,345	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	148,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	295	...	...	3,090	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	170,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	705	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	68,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	57,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	255	...	...	2,390	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	184,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...	108,900	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	300	...	...	3,060	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	65	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...	70	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	90	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	0	...	...	100	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	195	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	205	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	215	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	190	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	195	...	...
$100,000 and over	220	...	...	1,585	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	45	...	...	485	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	40	...	...	330	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	45	...	...	460	...	...
$200,000 and over	85	...	...	310	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	300	...	...	3,060	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	65	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	80	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...	95	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	135	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	230	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	265	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	245	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	235	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	265	...	...
$100,000 and over	190	...	...	1,225	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	50	...	...	460	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	35	...	...	340	...	...
$150,000 and over	105	...	...	420	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	260	...	...	2,245	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	146,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	100	...	...	715	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	135	...	...	1,175	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	170,000	...	...	134,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	149,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	290	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	66,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	55	25	30	990	460	530
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	83,000	66,000	88,000	55,600	59,600	51,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	67,500	55,200	69,500	47,200	49,600	45,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	245	...	...	2,265	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	186,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	146,000	...	...	108,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	85	...	...	710	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	184,000	...	...	124,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	142,000	...	...	102,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	125	...	...	1,235	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	196,000	...	...	143,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	156,000	...	...	120,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	275	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	65	25	35	1,030	485	535
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	76,000	x	72,000	62,500	68,800	57,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	62,000	x	60,000	52,200	56,400	48,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	880	425	455	7,970	3,855	4,115
0 to 17 years	155	85	75	2,005	975	1,035
0 to 5 years	50	30	25	920	440	485
18 to 64 years	580	270	315	5,465	2,665	2,800
65 years and over	145	75	70	500	215	280
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	40	20	20	520	230	295
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	165	75	90
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	80	35	40
18 to 64 years	25	10	15	305	135	170
65 years and over	5	5	0	50	20	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.6	4.8	4.4	6.5	5.9	7.1
0 to 17 years (%)	5.0	x	x	8.1	7.4	8.8
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	8.4	8.0	8.8
18 to 64 years (%)	4.4	4.5	4.5	5.6	5.1	6.0
65 years and over (%)	4.0	x	x	10.8	10.0	12.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	880	425	455	7,970	3,855	4,115
0 to 17 years	155	85	75	2,005	975	1,030
0 to 5 years	45	25	25	920	435	480
18 to 64 years	575	270	310	5,465	2,665	2,800
65 years and over	140	75	70	495	215	285
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	25	10	10	315	150	170
0 to 17 years	5	0	0	95	45	55
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	45	20	20
18 to 64 years	15	5	10	200	100	100
65 years and over	5	5	0	20	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.6	2.4	2.8	4.0	3.9	4.1
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	4.7	4.4	5.2
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	4.8	4.4	4.8
18 to 64 years (%)	2.4	2.0	3.0	3.7	3.8	3.7
65 years and over (%)	3.0	x	x	4.4	3.0	5.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	880	425	455	7,970	3,855	4,115
In bottom half of the distribution	240	120	120	3,395	1,570	1,825
In bottom decile	40	20	20	480	220	255
In second decile	40	25	20	540	235	305
In third decile	35	20	15	655	295	365
In fourth decile	70	35	30	860	410	450
In fifth decile	50	20	35	860	410	450
In top half of the distribution	640	305	335	4,575	2,280	2,290
In sixth decile	50	25	25	875	420	455
In seventh decile	110	50	60	950	470	480
In eighth decile	125	55	70	1,055	525	535
In ninth decile	110	60	50	895	455	445
In top decile	245	115	125	795	415	375
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	880	...	...	7,970	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.339	...	...	0.283	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.408	...	...	0.358	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.299	...	...	0.252	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.8	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	880	425	455	7,975	3,855	4,120
English only	805	395	410	7,360	3,585	3,770
French only	0	0	0	10	5	5
English and French	65	25	40	470	220	250
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	135	50	85
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	880	425	455	7,975	3,855	4,120
English	855	415	435	7,650	3,710	3,935
French	5	5	0	130	70	65
English and French	10	0	5	65	35	30
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	130	45	85
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	880	425	455	7,975	3,855	4,120
Single responses	840	405	435	7,510	3,630	3,880
Official languages	550	275	280	5,095	2,480	2,615
English	545	270	275	4,970	2,420	2,550
French	5	0	5	120	60	60
Non-official languages	285	130	155	2,420	1,150	1,270
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	290	130	155	2,420	1,150	1,270
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	80	45	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	75	40	40
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Arabic	25	15	10	60	30	30
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	5	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	5	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	15	15	585	280	305
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	35	15	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	20	5	10
Indonesian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	0	5	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	10	505	240	265
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	50	20	30
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	15
Telugu	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	135	60	75	1,310	635	680
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	20	330	150	180
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Slavic languages	35	15	20	320	150	175
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	5	75	30	40
Russian	10	0	5	170	80	90
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	35	20	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	65	40	30
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	10	5	5	45	25	20
German	10	5	5	40	25	20
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dutch	0	0	0	10	10	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	20	340	175	160
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	5	285	150	140
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	15	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	75	45	35
Hindi	0	0	0	35	20	15
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nepali	5	5	0	10	5	5
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	65	40	30
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	50	20	25
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	15	15	50	20	25
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	20	10	15	45	20	20
Dari	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iranian Persian	15	5	10	20	10	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	5	5	10	5	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	15	30	560	255	300
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	5	10	5	0
Portuguese	5	0	5	40	15	25
Romanian	5	0	0	100	50	50
Spanish	20	5	10	410	185	225
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Korean	20	5	5	60	30	30
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	80	40	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	30	15	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	20	30	160	70	85
Chinese languages	55	20	30	160	70	85
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	10	20	100	45	60
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	50	25	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	10	10	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	40	20	20	465	225	235
English and French	10	5	0	25	15	10
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	20	390	190	200
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	880	425	455	7,975	3,855	4,120
English	570	280	285	5,015	2,425	2,590
French	0	0	0	40	20	20
Non-official language	95	45	50	680	315	365
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	95	45	50	680	315	365
English and French	5	0	5	85	50	35
English and non-official language(s)	190	90	95	2,040	985	1,055
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	55	30	25
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	10	55	30	25
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	880	425	455	7,975	3,855	4,120
Single responses	855	415	435	7,465	3,605	3,860
Official languages	680	335	345	5,905	2,855	3,050
English	680	335	340	5,845	2,825	3,025
French	0	0	0	60	25	30
Non-official languages	170	80	90	1,560	755	805
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	170	80	90	1,560	755	805
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	40	15	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	15	40	15	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	15	30	10	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	10	15	370	175	190
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	5	340	165	175
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	45	20	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	65	25	45	885	430	455
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	5	240	115	120
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slavic languages	10	0	5	230	115	120
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	50	25	30
Russian	0	0	0	145	75	70
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dutch	0	0	0	0	5	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	15	240	120	120
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	210	105	100
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	55	30	30
Hindi	0	0	0	25	10	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	40	20	20
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	40	20	25
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	10	10	30	15	15
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	15	10	10	25	15	15
Dari	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	10	20	390	185	205
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Portuguese	5	0	5	15	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	55	25	25
Spanish	15	5	10	305	145	160
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	5	45	20	25
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	20	110	55	55
Chinese languages	35	15	20	110	55	55
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	15	80	40	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	30	15	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	20	510	250	260
English and French	0	0	0	25	20	10
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	460	225	235
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	880	425	455	7,975	3,860	4,120
None	685	335	350	6,160	2,970	3,190
English	60	30	35	715	350	370
French	5	0	5	55	30	25
Non-official language	105	55	55	805	385	415
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	105	55	55	800	385	420
English and French	0	0	0	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	125	65	60
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	25	15	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	85	40	45
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	850	385	460	8,125	3,970	4,155
Official languages	835	380	455	8,000	3,930	4,070
English	835	380	455	8,000	3,925	4,070
French	95	20	65	455	210	245
Non-official languages	380	170	210	3,250	1,585	1,665
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	375	170	205	3,250	1,585	1,665
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	210	90	120
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	200	85	110
Amharic	0	0	0	45	15	30
Arabic	0	0	0	110	45	65
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	25	0	780	380	400
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	50	20	30
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	55	30	25
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	25	0	770	370	400
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	60	25	35
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	35	10	30
Telugu	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	220	90	130	1,640	830	810
Albanian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	105	35	65	490	240	240
Baltic languages	0	0	0	30	0	20
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	30	0	20
Slavic languages	105	35	65	470	240	230
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	0	105	60	45
Russian	60	15	45	300	155	140
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Serbian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	100	55	45
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	15	0	80	45	40
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	15	10	0	60	40	25
German	10	10	0	60	40	25
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	15	415	205	210
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	360	170	190
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	20	0	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	95	50	40
Hindi	0	0	0	155	75	85
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	30	20	15
Urdu	0	0	0	40	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	65	35	30
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	20	10	10	50	30	30
Dari	0	0	0	50	30	20
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	30	40	685	350	335
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	0	40	20	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Romanian	0	0	0	100	60	40
Spanish	55	25	35	530	260	265
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	20	15	50	20	25
Mongolian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	265	130	135
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	50	35	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	10	10
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	145	70	75
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	20	40	200	85	115
Chinese languages	60	20	40	200	85	115
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	10	25	165	70	95
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	20	60	30	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	850	390	465	8,130	3,975	4,150
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	35	0	35	260	110	150
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	35	0	35	240	105	135
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	110	45	70
Métis	0	0	0	125	60	70
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	810	390	425	7,870	3,865	4,005
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	850	390	465	8,130	3,975	4,150
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	75	25	45
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	830	390	440	8,050	3,945	4,105
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	295	...	...	3,090	...	...
Owner	270	...	...	2,320	...	...
Renter	25	...	...	770	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	295	...	...	3,090	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	1,295	...	...
Not condominium	295	...	...	1,800	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	295	...	...	3,090	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	10	...	...	265	...	...
2 bedrooms	10	...	...	1,005	...	...
3 bedrooms	105	...	...	1,200	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	165	...	...	615	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	295	...	...	3,090	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	20	...	...	1,305	...	...
5 rooms	10	...	...	520	...	...
6 rooms	35	...	...	385	...	...
7 rooms	70	...	...	270	...	...
8 or more rooms	155	...	...	610	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	8.2	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	295	...	...	3,090	...	...
One person or fewer per room	295	...	...	3,015	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	295	...	...	3,090	...	...
Suitable	290	...	...	2,985	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	295	...	...	3,090	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	50	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	230	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	20	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	945	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	2,115	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	295	...	...	3,090	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	280	...	...	3,080	...	...
Major repairs needed	15	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	295	...	...	3,090	...	...
One-maintainer household	95	...	...	1,325	...	...
Two-maintainer household	175	...	...	1,620	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	25	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	295	...	...	3,090	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	120	...	...
25 to 34 years	10	...	...	860	...	...
35 to 44 years	50	...	...	910	...	...
45 to 54 years	50	...	...	545	...	...
55 to 64 years	90	...	...	395	...	...
65 to 74 years	60	...	...	210	...	...
75 to 84 years	25	...	...	45	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	295	...	...	3,095	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	255	...	...	2,395	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	35	...	...	700	...	...
30% to less than 100%	30	...	...	665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	295	...	...	3,095	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	50	...	...	810	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	30	...	...	690	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	105	...	...
Major repairs needed only	15	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	245	...	...	2,285	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	290	...	...	3,060	...	...
In core need	20	...	...	200	...	...
Not in core need	270	...	...	2,860	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	270	...	...	2,320	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	50.0	...	...	88.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.3	...	...	21.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	940	...	...	2,020	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,490	...	...	2,038	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000	...	...	420,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	624,000	...	...	436,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	20	...	...	775	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	25.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	14.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	1,360	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	850	...	...	1,440	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	845	385	460	8,125	3,975	4,155
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	75	25	50
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	70	20	50
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	60	20	40
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	15	0	15
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	25	0	25	190	85	110
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	25	0	25	180	85	95
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	0	20	100	45	60
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	75	40	40
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	815	385	435	7,860	3,865	3,995
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	850	385	460	8,125	3,975	4,155
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	725	330	395	7,060	3,445	3,615
Canadian citizens aged under 18	125	80	45	1,920	925	995
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	600	255	345	5,140	2,520	2,620
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	125	55	70	1,065	530	540
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	850	385	460	8,125	3,975	4,155
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	505	250	250	4,985	2,450	2,535
Immigrants⁸¹	300	120	180	3,055	1,480	1,575
Before 1980	60	15	50	120	55	65
1980 to 1990	40	10	25	60	35	30
1991 to 2000	45	20	25	305	145	160
2001 to 2010	70	40	35	975	475	500
2011 to 2021⁸²	85	35	50	1,590	770	825
2011 to 2015	20	10	10	960	470	490
2016 to 2021	65	25	40	625	295	335
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	90	50	40
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	300	120	180	3,055	1,480	1,575
Under 5 years	15	0	15	260	145	115
5 to 14 years	35	0	30	515	260	255
15 to 24 years	60	30	30	490	190	295
25 to 44 years	155	75	75	1,570	790	775
45 years and over	35	10	20	225	95	135
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	300	120	180	3,055	1,480	1,575
Americas	40	10	35	480	220	255
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	150	65	80
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	35	10	20
Mexico	0	0	0	60	30	30
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	10	40	15	25
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	10	165	80	85
Europe	100	30	65	625	325	300
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	20	10	10
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	20	10	10
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	15	10	10
Italy	0	0	0	15	15	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	75	50	30
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	80	50	25
Russian Federation	25	0	15	75	35	35
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	80	45	40
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	0	15	120	50	70
Other places of birth in Europe	40	15	30	110	45	65
Africa	0	0	0	500	225	270
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20	10	15
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	35	20	20
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	230	100	135
Somalia	0	0	0	15	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	175	85	95
Asia	160	75	80	1,435	685	745
Afghanistan	10	0	10	25	10	15
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	30	15	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	40	15	30	110	60	55
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	15	0	10
Korea, South⁹²	30	15	15	35	10	30
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Philippines	25	20	0	755	365	395
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	25	0	20
India	0	0	0	165	90	70
Pakistan	0	0	0	55	25	25
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	45	20	20
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	0	135	75	55
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	15	15	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	60	25	40	625	295	335
Americas	0	0	0	115	60	50
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	35	25	15
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	15	10	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	45	25	25
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	0	85	30	50
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	30	15	15
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	35	10	20
Africa	0	0	0	135	60	75
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	20	15	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	85	35	50
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	30	10	15
Asia	40	15	25	285	130	155
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	20	0	20	30	20	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	25	20	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	185	85	100
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	15	15	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	850	390	465	8,130	3,970	4,150
First generation¹⁰⁰	355	135	215	3,200	1,580	1,620
Second generation¹⁰¹	200	105	90	1,715	825	890
Third generation or more¹⁰²	300	140	155	3,205	1,565	1,640
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	235	110	130	2,940	1,420	1,515
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	155	80	80	2,025	1,020	1,000
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	70	55	20	780	435	345
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	85	25	60	1,240	590	655
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	40	15	30	520	195	335
Refugees¹⁰⁸	40	20	25	330	180	150
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	60	30	30
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	235	110	130	2,940	1,420	1,515
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	185	115	75
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	35	20	10	485	195	290
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	10	70	40	30
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	125	65	60
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	195	80	110	2,065	1,005	1,065
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	850	390	465	8,130	3,975	4,150
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	255	130	130	3,505	1,660	1,840
South Asian	25	20	10	390	195	195
Chinese	85	35	50	270	100	165
Black	0	0	0	855	395	465
Filipino	30	30	0	1,015	500	520
Arab	0	0	0	125	70	50
Latin American	10	0	10	480	230	250
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	110	30	75
West Asian	10	0	10	120	65	50
Korean	30	20	10	60	30	30
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	15	10	10
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	65	40	25
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	595	255	335	4,625	2,315	2,310
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	850	385	460	8,125	3,975	4,155
Canadian	95	40	55	730	380	360
English	115	45	70	1,040	495	550
Irish	105	55	55	860	345	520
Scottish	100	45	55	905	390	510
French, n.o.s.¹²²	45	20	25	425	230	195
German	120	75	50	815	400	410
Chinese	80	30	50	260	120	140
Italian	40	15	25	180	110	70
Indian (India)	20	15	10	200	100	100
Ukrainian	15	10	0	435	245	195
Dutch	20	10	10	265	120	145
Polish	25	25	0	285	115	175
Québécois	0	0	0	15	0	10
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	40	15	25	170	80	95
Filipino	0	0	0	890	440	455
French Canadian	0	0	0	30	20	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	210	120	95
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	75	30	40
Métis	0	0	0	105	50	55
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	225	95	135
Russian	30	15	15	215	110	105
Norwegian	30	20	10	110	55	55
Welsh	15	0	10	130	75	60
Portuguese	0	0	0	55	30	20
American	0	0	0	120	75	45
Spanish	25	10	20	130	40	90
Swedish	15	0	15	80	45	35
Hungarian	0	0	0	120	55	60
Acadian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	20	10	10
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	220	95	125
Jewish	0	0	0	25	20	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	55	40	20
Greek	25	10	10	30	20	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	65	35	30
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	35	30	0	135	75	60
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	35	25	0
Korean	20	10	15	65	30	35
Romanian	0	0	0	135	90	45
Lebanese	0	0	0	50	30	20
Iranian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	40	20	15
Danish	0	0	0	55	25	30
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	30	0	30
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	40	25	15	30	20	10
Belgian	0	0	0	50	30	15
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	65	25	40
Mexican	0	0	0	55	30	25
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	35	10	20
Croatian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	80	50	30
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	35	20	15
Muslim	0	0	0	10	10	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	125	60	60
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	40	30	0
Colombian	0	0	0	130	65	65
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	25	10	20	15	0	15
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	55	25	25
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Turkish	0	0	0	45	25	20
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	30	0	20
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Nigerian	0	0	0	105	50	50
Armenian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	10
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	20	0	15
Somali	0	0	0	25	20	15
Taiwanese	0	0	0	20	0	20
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	40	15	25
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	45	15	25
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	30	10	20
South African	0	0	0	25	15	10
Australian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Congolese	0	0	0	30	15	20
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0	55	20	25
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	50	25	30
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	100	45	65
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	20	20	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	25	10	10
Eritrean	0	0	0	15	0	10
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	20	20	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	20	10	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	35	0	30
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Albertan	0	0	0	20	0	10
Ghanaian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	15	15	10
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	70	40	25
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	40	25	20
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	60	30	30
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	25	15	15
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Buddhist	0	0	0	15	10	10
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	15	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	25	15	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	30	15	15
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	850	390	465	8,130	3,975	4,150
Buddhist	0	0	0	60	25	30
Christian	485	205	280	4,395	2,065	2,330
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	100	40	60	1,105	505	595
Anabaptist	0	0	0	30	10	15
Anglican	20	0	15	100	55	45
Baptist	15	0	15	15	0	10
Catholic	185	100	90	2,115	1,015	1,100
Christian Orthodox	70	35	35	200	110	90
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	50	25	30
Latter Day Saints	10	0	0	155	75	85
Lutheran	0	0	0	50	25	25
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	15	0	15	250	105	140
Presbyterian	15	0	10	25	10	20
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	25	0	15	125	50	75
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	25	0	20	180	85	90
Hindu	0	0	0	230	110	115
Jewish	10	0	10	45	20	25
Muslim	75	35	35	405	230	180
Sikh	0	0	0	40	20	20
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	30	10	15
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	15	0	10
No religion and secular perspectives	265	135	130	2,915	1,495	1,425
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	835	375	460	7,955	3,890	4,065
Non-movers	755	350	410	6,280	3,110	3,175
Movers	80	30	55	1,675	785	885
Non-migrants	60	20	45	1,280	595	685
Migrants	20	10	0	390	190	205
Internal migrants	0	0	0	345	175	175
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	160	80	75
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	190	90	95
External migrants	0	0	0	45	20	30
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	800	360	440	7,320	3,570	3,745
Non-movers	645	295	350	2,060	985	1,075
Movers	155	65	90	5,255	2,585	2,670
Non-migrants	55	15	40	3,720	1,850	1,870
Migrants	100	50	50	1,540	735	810
Internal migrants	15	15	0	1,065	485	585
Intraprovincial migrants	15	10	0	635	280	345
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	435	205	230
External migrants	80	35	50	475	250	225
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	715	315	400	6,285	3,055	3,220
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	70	25	50	675	355	320
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	640	290	350	5,605	2,705	2,905
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	465	210	245	4,915	2,385	2,530
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	15	0	0	300	180	120
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	450	210	240	4,615	2,210	2,405
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	710	320	400	6,280	3,060	3,220
No certificate, diploma or degree	70	20	45	620	330	295
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	155	70	90	1,655	845	815
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	490	225	265	3,995	1,885	2,115
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	140	40	95	1,965	960	1,010
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	15	10	455	350	100
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	10	10	150	75	65
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	310	275	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	95	25	70	1,230	495	735
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	10	20	285	110	170
Bachelor's degree or higher	345	180	165	2,030	925	1,105
Bachelor's degree	205	110	100	1,525	670	855
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	10	15	115	45	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	55	15	35
Master's degree	95	55	50	315	180	135
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	20	0	25	10	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	460	215	250	4,915	2,390	2,530
No certificate, diploma or degree	10	0	10	260	155	100
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	65	25	40	1,095	585	515
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	385	180	200	3,560	1,650	1,910
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	40	75	1,700	815	880
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	10	0	400	310	90
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	135	70	65
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	270	240	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	80	20	55	1,055	415	645
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	10	20	240	90	150
Bachelor's degree or higher	265	145	120	1,860	830	1,025
Bachelor's degree	155	80	75	1,400	605	790
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	10	10	90	35	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	50	10	35
Master's degree	75	45	40	305	170	130
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	20	10	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	715	315	395	6,280	3,060	3,225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	225	90	135	2,285	1,175	1,105
Education	30	10	25	160	50	110
13. Education	30	10	25	160	50	110
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	0	15	85	35	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	15	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	20	0	15	80	25	50
Humanities	55	15	35	165	60	100
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	25	10	15
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	25	0	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	65	20	45
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	20	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	15	10	0
54. History	15	10	0	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	85	40	40	380	95	280
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	45	20	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	55	0	55
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	0	100	30	75
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	20	0	15	45	0	45
45. Social sciences	25	20	10	115	45	70
Business, management and public administration	110	50	65	965	365	600
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	10	0	60	0	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	100	40	60	900	360	540
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	10	0	105	40	60
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	45	0	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	20	15	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	30	20	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	0	15	265	175	90
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	225	155	65
25. Library science	10	0	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	30	15	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	105	90	10	895	775	120
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	25	15	10
14. Engineering	70	55	0	320	255	65
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	20	20	0	205	170	45
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	160	155	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	140	140	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	30	30	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	90	35	55
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	60	25	40
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	25	10	15
Health and related fields	55	15	45	690	145	550
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	10	0	35	15	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	40	0	35	640	120	520
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	15	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	190	100	95
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	115	30	85
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	50	40	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	25	25	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	460	215	245	4,915	2,385	2,530
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	80	30	50	1,355	740	615
Education	25	10	20	155	50	105
13. Education	25	10	20	155	50	105
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	0	15	75	30	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	25	0	15	60	20	45
Humanities	40	15	25	140	50	90
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	20	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	20	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	55	20	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	15	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	10	0	0
54. History	15	10	0	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	15	30	330	80	245
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	45	20	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	45	0	45
22. Legal professions and studies	10	10	0	100	30	70
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	45	0	45
45. Social sciences	15	0	10	85	35	50
Business, management and public administration	95	35	55	845	315	535
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	10	0	50	0	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	80	35	50	795	305	490
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	0	10	100	40	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	40	0	40
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	20	15	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	30	20	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	10	255	165	90
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	215	150	70
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	25	15	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	85	75	0	790	670	110
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	30	15	10
14. Engineering	60	50	0	285	230	60
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	20	20	0	170	125	40
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	150	145	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	125	125	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	30	30	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	80	30	45
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	50	20	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	25	10	15
Health and related fields	40	10	30	630	125	505
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	10	0	30	15	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	30	0	30	595	110	485
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	165	85	80
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	100	30	70
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	45	35	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	20	20	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	460	215	245	4,915	2,385	2,530
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	80	30	50	1,355	740	615
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	380	180	205	3,560	1,645	1,910
Location of study inside Canada	235	105	130	2,225	1,010	1,215
Same as province or territory of residence	150	60	85	1,605	725	880
Different than province or territory of residence	85	40	45	620	290	335
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	145	80	70	1,335	640	700
Americas	40	25	15	205	100	95
United States of America	25	25	0	50	30	25
Mexico	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	35	15	25
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	50	20	30
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	30	15	10
Europe	40	20	20	310	165	145
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	10	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	25	10	15
Poland	0	0	0	30	15	15
Romania	0	0	0	35	25	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ukraine	0	0	0	45	25	20
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	15	10	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0	70	40	30
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	25	10	20
Africa	0	0	0	180	90	90
Nigeria	0	0	0	115	50	65
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	40	25	20
Asia	70	35	35	620	270	345
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	15	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	0	15	35	15	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	15	10	10	25	10	15
Philippines	0	0	0	375	150	225
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	10	10
India	0	0	0	100	45	55
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	35	25	10
Oceania	0	0	0	25	10	15
Australia	0	0	0	20	0	15
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	710	320	400	6,280	3,060	3,220
In the labour force	415	210	215	5,040	2,610	2,425
Employed	375	185	185	4,590	2,425	2,165
Unemployed	45	25	25	450	185	265
Not in the labour force	295	110	185	1,245	450	795
Participation rate	58.5	65.6	53.8	80.3	85.3	75.3
Employment rate	52.8	57.8	46.3	73.1	79.2	67.2
Unemployment rate	10.8	11.9	11.6	8.9	7.1	10.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	715	315	395	6,280	3,060	3,225
Did not work¹⁸⁶	250	80	175	1,500	545	950
Worked	455	235	220	4,785	2,510	2,275
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	240	140	100	2,720	1,470	1,255
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	215	90	125	2,065	1,045	1,025
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.2	41.4	39.0	42.1	43.2	40.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	420	210	210	5,035	2,610	2,425
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	125	50	75
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	405	205	205	4,915	2,560	2,355
Employee	310	155	155	4,360	2,230	2,125
Permanent position	250	135	120	3,805	1,985	1,820
Temporary position	60	20	35	555	250	310
Fixed term (1 year or more)	25	0	25	170	85	90
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	35	20	15	380	165	220
Self-employed¹⁹²	90	50	45	555	330	225
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	420	210	210	5,035	2,610	2,425
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	125	50	75
All occupations¹⁹¹	405	205	205	4,915	2,560	2,355
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	10	10	0	15	15	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	75	35	40	1,010	265	740
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35	30	0	520	400	125
3 Health occupations	40	10	30	515	120	400
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	70	30	45	470	135	335
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20	0	15	80	40	40
6 Sales and service occupations	115	55	60	1,150	540	605
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	30	30	0	965	875	95
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	65	55	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	120	115	10
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	420	210	210	5,035	2,610	2,425
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	125	50	75
All industries¹⁹¹	405	205	205	4,915	2,560	2,355
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	25	15	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	30	0	220	150	70
22 Utilities	0	0	0	40	25	15
23 Construction	25	20	0	535	470	70
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	250	185	60
41 Wholesale trade	15	0	10	175	115	60
44-45 Retail trade	50	10	35	545	290	250
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	10	0	315	225	95
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	0	70	55	15
52 Finance and insurance	10	10	10	175	50	125
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	10	0	95	50	40
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	50	35	10	515	270	250
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	0	0	210	120	85
61 Educational services	45	20	25	210	70	140
62 Health care and social assistance	60	10	50	810	160	650
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	0	55	20	35
72 Accommodation and food services	50	25	20	255	110	145
81 Other services (except public administration)	15	0	10	215	100	115
91 Public administration	15	10	0	210	90	120
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	475	245	235	5,165	2,650	2,510
English	435	235	200	4,985	2,555	2,420
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	10	0	0	15	0	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	15	0	10
English and French	10	0	10	35	10	25
English and non-official language(s)	20	0	15	130	70	60
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	475	245	235	5,165	2,650	2,510
Single responses	475	245	235	5,135	2,635	2,500
Official languages	460	235	220	5,120	2,630	2,490
English	445	235	215	5,105	2,625	2,480
French	10	0	10	15	0	0
Non-official languages	20	10	10	15	0	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	20	10	10	15	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	25	15	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	25	15	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	475	245	235	5,165	2,650	2,510
None	445	240	205	5,010	2,570	2,440
English	20	0	20	15	0	0
French	0	0	0	20	0	15
Non-official language	10	0	10	105	65	40
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	10	105	65	40
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	370	185	185	4,590	2,425	2,165
Worked at home	105	65	40	1,110	510	600
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	25	20	10
No fixed workplace address	20	15	0	715	610	105
Usual place of work	250	110	140	2,735	1,290	1,455
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	250	110	140	2,735	1,285	1,455
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	240	105	135	2,430	1,115	1,320
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	240	130	115
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	55	35	20
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	265	120	145	3,455	1,895	1,560
Car, truck or van	225	95	130	3,140	1,780	1,365
Car, truck or van - as a driver	205	85	120	3,030	1,745	1,285
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	25	10	10	110	35	75
Public transit	15	10	0	185	55	130
Walked	20	15	0	40	10	25
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	10	0	10	85	40	40
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	265	120	145	3,455	1,895	1,560
Less than 15 minutes	75	35	45	375	150	230
15 to 29 minutes	135	65	75	1,560	855	705
30 to 44 minutes	35	20	15	990	565	430
45 to 59 minutes	10	0	10	270	175	100
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	255	160	95
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	265	120	145	3,455	1,895	1,560
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	295	225	65
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	30	20	15	745	480	265
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	60	40	20	990	480	510
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	75	25	45	575	270	305
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	70	15	55	340	165	175
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	25	15	0	505	265	240
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	160	80	80	2,040	995	1,050
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	5	10	110	55	60
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	145	75	70	1,925	940	990
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	120	65	60	1,200	595	610
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	5	5	80	40	40
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	0	0	45	20	25
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	0	35	20	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	105	55	50	1,125	555	570

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 28, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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