Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062567More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062300More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	880	...	...	3,857	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	306	...	...	1,063	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	304	...	...	1,049	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,522.8	...	...	5,796.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.25	...	...	0.67	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	880	425	455	3,860	1,955	1,905
0 to 14 years	130	70	60	805	430	380
0 to 4 years	40	20	20	165	85	75
5 to 9 years	50	25	25	245	140	110
10 to 14 years	45	30	15	395	205	190
15 to 64 years	605	280	325	2,730	1,370	1,360
15 to 19 years	55	20	35	365	185	180
20 to 24 years	60	35	25	270	160	110
25 to 29 years	40	20	25	210	105	105
30 to 34 years	40	15	20	190	85	105
35 to 39 years	50	20	25	250	130	120
40 to 44 years	45	25	20	315	140	180
45 to 49 years	55	30	25	400	185	210
50 to 54 years	65	30	40	320	165	160
55 to 59 years	100	35	65	230	125	100
60 to 64 years	95	45	50	170	90	80
65 years and over	145	75	70	320	155	165
65 to 69 years	60	30	30	120	65	60
70 to 74 years	35	20	15	90	45	50
75 to 79 years	20	5	15	50	25	25
80 to 84 years	20	10	10	40	15	25
85 years and over	10	0	5	20	5	10
85 to 89 years	10	5	5	15	5	10
90 to 94 years	5	0	0	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.8	16.5	13.2	20.9	22.0	19.9
15 to 64 years	68.8	65.9	71.4	70.7	70.1	71.4
65 years and over	16.5	17.6	15.4	8.3	7.9	8.7
85 years and over	1.1	0.0	1.1	0.5	0.3	0.5
Average age of the population	43.0	42.4	43.5	35.7	35.1	36.4
Median age of the population	46.8	45.2	48.4	37.2	35.6	38.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	305	...	...	1,050	...	...
Single-detached house	300	...	...	870	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	160	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	300	...	...	1,050	...	...
1 person	40	...	...	70	...	...
2 persons	115	...	...	200	...	...
3 persons	55	...	...	200	...	...
4 persons	55	...	...	310	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	270	...	...
Number of persons in private households	880	425	455	3,860	1,950	1,905
Average household size	2.9	...	...	3.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	750	355	395	3,050	1,525	1,530
Married or living common-law	495	245	250	1,865	945	925
Married	460	230	230	1,730	875	855
Living common-law	35	15	20	135	70	65
Living common law - Never married	30	15	20	100	55	45
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	10	5	5
Living common law - Divorced	5	5	5	25	15	15
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	250	110	145	1,180	580	605
Not married and not living common law - Never married	180	90	95	945	515	430
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	5	10	50	15	35
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	30	10	25	100	35	70
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	20	5	15	85	10	70
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	270	...	...	1,035	...	...
2 persons	120	...	...	285	...	...
3 persons	55	...	...	235	...	...
4 persons	65	...	...	355	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	170	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.4	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	265	...	...	1,035	...	...
Total couple families	245	...	...	915	...	...
Married couples	225	...	...	845	...	...
With children⁶	130	...	...	660	...	...
Without children	100	...	...	190	...	...
Common-law couples	20	...	...	65	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	35	...	...
Without children	10	...	...	30	...	...
Total one-parent families	20	...	...	125	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	15	...	...	100	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	0	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	880	425	455	3,855	1,950	1,905
Total - Persons in census families	805	395	405	3,550	1,805	1,750
Married spouses or common-law partners	490	240	245	1,825	915	905
Parents in one-parent families	25	5	20	125	25	95
Children⁶	290	150	140	1,600	860	740
In a two-parent family	255	130	125	1,395	750	645
In a one-parent family	35	20	15	205	110	95
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	75	30	50	310	150	155
Living alone	35	15	25	70	45	30
Living with other relatives⁷	25	5	20	125	45	80
Living with non-relatives only	20	15	5	110	55	50
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	305	...	...	1,045	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	230	...	...	740	...	...
Couple-family households	210	...	...	670	...	...
With children⁶	115	...	...	530	...	...
Without children	100	...	...	140	...	...
One-parent-family households	15	...	...	70	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	20	...	...	120	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	20	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...	70	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	10	...	...	30	...	...
One-person households	40	...	...	70	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	750	355	395	3,050	1,525	1,525
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	715	345	375	2,845	1,420	1,420
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,600	60,400	40,400	38,400	43,200	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	715	345	375	2,845	1,420	1,420
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,800	52,800	37,200	34,800	38,800	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	675	325	350	2,530	1,295	1,230
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	59,600	33,600	34,000	41,200	26,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	520	260	265	2,215	1,160	1,055
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	59,600	31,800	37,200	42,800	31,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	605	300	305	2,485	1,200	1,285
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,360	3,120	8,300	7,100	6,000	8,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	45	15	30	350	165	185
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	x	6,040	5,480	5,760	5,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	205	95	110	1,110	560	560
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,500	10,000	9,500	10,000	10,000	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	710	315	400	3,060	1,520	1,540
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	665	310	360	2,845	1,425	1,415
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	75,000	104,000	50,400	51,080	56,450	45,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	665	310	360	2,845	1,425	1,415
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,400	80,000	41,600	43,480	47,200	39,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	640	305	335	2,495	1,270	1,220
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	70,000	98,000	44,400	47,480	54,300	40,300
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	495	255	240	2,210	1,140	1,065
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	70,000	97,000	41,600	48,880	55,000	42,300
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	575	270	305	2,440	1,170	1,270
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,400	8,500	10,200	10,990	9,700	12,180
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	55	20	30	405	170	235
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,800	5,600	8,000	6,600	7,250	6,120
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	220	100	125	1,155	585	575
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	7,200	9,400	10,480	10,200	10,760
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	715	315	395	3,055	1,525	1,540
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	245	145	95	985	585	395
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	74,500	74,500	72,000	65,500	66,500	64,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	104,000	128,000	70,000	77,200	79,600	73,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	200	80	115	915	410	510
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,500	12,300	16,200	14,900	15,000	14,900
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	42,800	67,000	25,200	27,600	29,100	26,500
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	89.0	92.0	83.0	81.6	86.0	76.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	69.0	77.0	56.0	74.4	78.4	69.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	10.8	7.2	17.2	18.5	14.2	23.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.4	1.4	1.8	1.5	2.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.0	2.3	6.9	9.1	7.8	10.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.7	2.2	6.4	8.4	7.4	9.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	750	355	395	3,050	1,525	1,530
Without total income	30	10	20	210	100	105
With total income	715	340	375	2,840	1,425	1,420
Under $10,000 (including loss)	65	25	40	350	145	200
$10,000 to $19,999	80	25	50	325	150	180
$20,000 to $29,999	85	45	35	460	215	240
$30,000 to $39,999	75	25	50	345	155	190
$40,000 to $49,999	70	30	40	285	135	155
$50,000 to $59,999	50	20	30	205	95	110
$60,000 to $69,999	35	15	15	170	85	90
$70,000 to $79,999	40	15	20	135	70	60
$80,000 to $89,999	40	20	20	115	65	50
$90,000 to $99,999	25	15	10	105	70	40
$100,000 and over	155	105	50	350	245	105
$100,000 to $149,999	85	50	35	220	135	80
$150,000 and over	75	55	15	135	105	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	750	355	395	3,050	1,525	1,530
Without after-tax income	30	10	20	210	100	105
With after-tax income	715	340	375	2,840	1,425	1,420
Under $10,000 (including loss)	70	25	50	350	150	200
$10,000 to $19,999	80	30	55	345	150	190
$20,000 to $29,999	90	50	40	520	250	275
$30,000 to $39,999	95	30	65	380	175	210
$40,000 to $49,999	65	30	35	320	150	165
$50,000 to $59,999	60	25	35	210	105	105
$60,000 to $69,999	50	20	30	190	85	100
$70,000 to $79,999	35	20	10	140	90	50
$80,000 to $89,999	40	20	20	120	65	50
$90,000 to $99,999	25	20	5	70	45	20
$100,000 and over	95	70	25	200	155	50
$100,000 to $124,999	35	15	15	100	70	30
$125,000 and over	65	55	15	100	80	20
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	750	355	395	3,050	1,525	1,530
Without employment income	220	95	130	830	360	470
With employment income	525	260	265	2,220	1,165	1,060
Under $5,000 (including loss)	70	40	35	325	170	160
$5,000 to $9,999	55	20	30	205	95	110
$10,000 to $19,999	55	20	30	275	120	150
$20,000 to $29,999	40	15	25	180	80	100
$30,000 to $39,999	35	15	20	175	85	85
$40,000 to $49,999	30	15	15	180	95	80
$50,000 to $59,999	25	15	15	165	75	85
$60,000 to $69,999	25	10	15	130	65	60
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	15	105	60	50
$80,000 to $89,999	25	15	10	100	55	40
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	10	90	50	35
$100,000 and over	125	85	35	305	215	90
$100,000 to $124,999	40	25	25	125	70	50
$125,000 and over	80	60	15	180	145	35
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	750	355	395	3,050	1,525	1,525
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	710	340	370	2,715	1,355	1,360
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,600	61,200	38,400	38,000	43,600	32,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	710	340	370	2,715	1,355	1,360
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600	54,000	35,600	34,800	38,400	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	675	325	345	2,475	1,260	1,215
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	60,400	36,000	38,800	44,800	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	525	265	260	2,190	1,130	1,065
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	57,600	37,200	41,600	47,600	36,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	590	300	290	2,275	1,120	1,155
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,040	940	1,620	1,120	910	2,780
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	35	15	20	175	75	95
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,150	x	6,800	5,680	5,640	5,680
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	710	315	400	3,060	1,520	1,540
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	655	310	345	2,710	1,320	1,390
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	72,400	94,000	52,800	50,280	56,800	44,120
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	655	310	345	2,710	1,320	1,390
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,700	73,000	44,200	42,520	47,400	37,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	640	305	335	2,430	1,210	1,225
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	69,000	91,000	49,400	51,350	58,700	44,100
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	480	250	235	2,205	1,125	1,080
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	69,600	86,000	51,200	53,350	59,300	47,100
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	535	255	270	2,285	1,080	1,210
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,200	6,040	6,360	4,968	3,630	6,160
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	25	0	20	155	70	85
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,600	...	8,000	7,100	8,400	6,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	715	315	395	3,055	1,525	1,540
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	235	135	90	995	590	405
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	75,000	75,500	71,000	62,000	62,000	62,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	94,000	112,000	68,000	74,600	76,800	71,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	190	80	105	865	360	500
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,600	12,600	23,200	29,200	32,800	26,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	55,600	68,000	46,000	39,500	44,000	36,200
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	93.2	94.0	91.0	91.6	94.8	88.0
Employment income (%)	70.5	74.0	65.0	86.4	89.2	83.2
Government transfers (%)	6.9	5.4	9.4	8.3	5.2	12.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.4	x	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	300	...	...	1,050	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	139,000	...	...	129,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	40	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	53,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	47,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	265	...	...	975	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	148,000	...	...	135,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	295	...	...	1,060	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	170,000	...	...	137,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...	116,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	58,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	48,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	255	...	...	965	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	184,000	...	...	145,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...	123,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	300	...	...	1,050	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	0	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	50	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	55	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	70	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	220	...	...	670	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	45	...	...	125	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	40	...	...	135	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	45	...	...	195	...	...
$200,000 and over	85	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	300	...	...	1,050	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	45	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	65	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	70	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	85	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	75	...	...
$100,000 and over	190	...	...	590	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	50	...	...	160	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	35	...	...	145	...	...
$150,000 and over	105	...	...	290	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	260	...	...	960	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	146,000	...	...	132,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	100	...	...	155	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	135	...	...	690	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	170,000	...	...	146,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	149,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	100	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	55	25	30	180	100	75
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	83,000	66,000	88,000	39,200	42,800	38,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	67,500	55,200	69,500	36,400	38,400	33,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	245	...	...	945	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	186,000	...	...	142,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	146,000	...	...	121,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	85	...	...	165	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	184,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	142,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	125	...	...	660	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	196,000	...	...	156,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	156,000	...	...	132,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	65	25	35	240	125	120
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	76,000	x	72,000	43,200	48,000	38,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	62,000	x	60,000	37,600	41,000	34,500
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	880	425	455	3,860	1,955	1,905
0 to 17 years	155	85	75	1,045	550	495
0 to 5 years	50	30	25	200	110	90
18 to 64 years	580	270	315	2,495	1,250	1,245
65 years and over	145	75	70	325	155	165
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	40	20	20	205	105	100
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	65	30	30
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	20	10	10
18 to 64 years	25	10	15	120	60	60
65 years and over	5	5	0	15	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.6	4.8	4.4	5.4	5.4	5.3
0 to 17 years (%)	5.0	x	x	6.2	6.0	6.4
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	9.0	8.0	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.4	4.5	4.5	5.0	5.0	5.0
65 years and over (%)	4.0	x	x	6.0	6.0	5.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	880	425	455	3,855	1,950	1,905
0 to 17 years	155	85	75	1,040	550	495
0 to 5 years	45	25	25	200	105	95
18 to 64 years	575	270	310	2,495	1,250	1,240
65 years and over	140	75	70	320	155	165
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	25	10	10	130	70	60
0 to 17 years	5	0	0	30	20	15
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	15	5	10	90	50	40
65 years and over	5	5	0	5	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.6	2.4	2.8	3.4	3.7	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	3.0	3.2	2.8
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	4.0	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	2.4	2.0	3.0	3.7	3.9	3.4
65 years and over (%)	3.0	x	x	2.5	3.0	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	880	425	455	3,860	1,955	1,905
In bottom half of the distribution	240	120	120	1,500	750	745
In bottom decile	40	20	20	190	105	90
In second decile	40	25	20	270	135	140
In third decile	35	20	15	315	150	160
In fourth decile	70	35	30	360	185	170
In fifth decile	50	20	35	365	175	195
In top half of the distribution	640	305	335	2,360	1,200	1,155
In sixth decile	50	25	25	410	210	200
In seventh decile	110	50	60	450	230	220
In eighth decile	125	55	70	510	240	270
In ninth decile	110	60	50	575	300	280
In top decile	245	115	125	405	215	190
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	880	...	...	3,855	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.339	...	...	0.272	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.408	...	...	0.371	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.299	...	...	0.241	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.8	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	880	425	455	3,855	1,950	1,900
English only	805	395	410	3,470	1,795	1,675
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	65	25	40	135	50	80
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	255	110	145
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	880	425	455	3,855	1,950	1,900
English	855	415	435	3,565	1,835	1,730
French	5	5	0	20	10	20
English and French	10	0	5	20	10	10
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	255	110	145
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	880	425	455	3,855	1,950	1,900
Single responses	840	405	435	3,540	1,785	1,755
Official languages	550	275	280	1,620	865	755
English	545	270	275	1,595	855	745
French	5	0	5	20	5	15
Non-official languages	285	130	155	1,920	925	995
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	290	130	155	1,915	925	995
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	65	35	35
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	65	35	35
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	10	65	30	30
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	115	60	60
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	110	60	60
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	15	15	190	85	110
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	5
Indonesian	5	0	0	10	5	5
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	10	165	70	95
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	30	15	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	5	10
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	135	60	75	635	305	330
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	20	35	20	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	15	20	35	20	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	5	15	10	5
Russian	10	0	5	15	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
German	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	20	475	230	250
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	5	425	205	225
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	5
Hindi	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nepali	5	5	0	10	5	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	235	110	125
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	120	50	65
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Iranian languages	25	15	15	50	30	25
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	20	10	15	50	25	20
Dari	0	0	0	30	15	15
Iranian Persian	15	5	10	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	5	5	10	5	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	15	30	95	45	55
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	5	20	5	10
Portuguese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Romanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	5	10	80	35	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korean	20	5	5	20	10	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	40	25	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	20	30	790	390	400
Chinese languages	55	20	30	790	390	400
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	10	20	275	135	140
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	495	245	255
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	40	20	20	320	165	150
English and French	10	5	0	10	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	20	280	150	125
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	880	425	455	3,855	1,950	1,900
English	570	280	285	1,715	910	805
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	95	45	50	685	310	365
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	95	45	50	685	310	365
English and French	5	0	5	25	10	20
English and non-official language(s)	190	90	95	1,360	680	675
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	10	65	40	30
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	880	425	455	3,855	1,950	1,900
Single responses	855	415	435	3,580	1,810	1,765
Official languages	680	335	345	2,285	1,190	1,090
English	680	335	340	2,285	1,195	1,090
French	0	0	0	5	5	0
Non-official languages	170	80	90	1,295	625	675
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	170	80	90	1,295	625	675
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	40	20	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	15	40	20	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	15	35	20	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	75	40	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	75	40	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	10	15	100	45	55
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	5	80	35	50
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	65	25	45	440	205	235
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	5	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	5	5	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	15	365	170	195
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	335	155	185
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	185	80	100
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	105	50	60
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	10	10	30	15	10
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	15	10	10	30	15	10
Dari	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	10	20	60	30	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	5	10	60	25	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	5	20	10	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	20	585	285	300
Chinese languages	35	15	20	585	285	300
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	15	210	100	110
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	360	180	180
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	20	280	140	140
English and French	0	0	0	10	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	265	135	130
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	880	425	455	3,855	1,950	1,905
None	685	335	350	2,635	1,345	1,290
English	60	30	35	465	230	235
French	5	0	5	20	5	15
Non-official language	105	55	55	590	300	295
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	105	55	55	590	300	295
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	80	35	40
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	65	35	30
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	850	385	460	3,805	1,910	1,895
Official languages	835	380	455	3,550	1,785	1,755
English	835	380	455	3,550	1,785	1,755
French	95	20	65	125	40	85
Non-official languages	380	170	210	2,490	1,175	1,315
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	375	170	205	2,490	1,175	1,315
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	70	30	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	65	25	40
Amharic	0	0	0	25	10	15
Arabic	0	0	0	40	15	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	195	100	95
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	195	100	95
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	25	0	240	70	170
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	0	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	25	0	225	70	155
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	20	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	220	90	130	795	375	420
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	105	35	65	65	35	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	105	35	65	65	35	35
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	0	30	15	10
Russian	60	15	45	30	10	20
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	15	0	15	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	15	10	0	10	0	0
German	10	10	0	10	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	15	540	265	270
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	475	245	230
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	45	20	20
Hindi	0	0	0	110	65	50
Kacchi	0	0	0	20	0	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	260	145	115
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	145	70	80
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	75	30	50
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	20	10	10	75	25	50
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	30	40	185	75	105
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	0	20	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	55	25	35	165	70	95
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	0	20	10	15
Korean	30	20	15	35	0	30
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	60	40	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	35	25	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	20	40	1,115	555	560
Chinese languages	60	20	40	1,115	555	560
Hakka	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mandarin	35	10	25	520	250	270
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	50	15	30
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	20	740	360	380
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	850	390	465	3,800	1,910	1,900
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	35	0	35	35	35	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	35	0	35	35	35	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	35	35	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	810	390	425	3,765	1,870	1,900
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	850	390	465	3,800	1,910	1,900
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	830	390	440	3,800	1,905	1,900
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	295	...	...	1,060	...	...
Owner	270	...	...	940	...	...
Renter	25	...	...	115	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	295	...	...	1,060	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	35	...	...
Not condominium	295	...	...	1,020	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	295	...	...	1,060	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	10	...	...	10	...	...
2 bedrooms	10	...	...	50	...	...
3 bedrooms	105	...	...	545	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	165	...	...	455	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	295	...	...	1,060	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	20	...	...	190	...	...
5 rooms	10	...	...	165	...	...
6 rooms	35	...	...	230	...	...
7 rooms	70	...	...	140	...	...
8 or more rooms	155	...	...	335	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	8.2	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	295	...	...	1,060	...	...
One person or fewer per room	295	...	...	1,005	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	295	...	...	1,060	...	...
Suitable	290	...	...	995	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	295	...	...	1,060	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	50	...	...	15	...	...
1991 to 2000	230	...	...	60	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	440	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	490	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	55	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	295	...	...	1,060	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	280	...	...	1,025	...	...
Major repairs needed	15	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	295	...	...	1,060	...	...
One-maintainer household	95	...	...	400	...	...
Two-maintainer household	175	...	...	545	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	25	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	295	...	...	1,060	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	10	...	...	110	...	...
35 to 44 years	50	...	...	265	...	...
45 to 54 years	50	...	...	380	...	...
55 to 64 years	90	...	...	170	...	...
65 to 74 years	60	...	...	110	...	...
75 to 84 years	25	...	...	20	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	295	...	...	1,060	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	255	...	...	855	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	35	...	...	205	...	...
30% to less than 100%	30	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	295	...	...	1,060	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	50	...	...	280	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	30	...	...	185	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	50	...	...
Major repairs needed only	15	...	...	20	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	245	...	...	780	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	290	...	...	1,045	...	...
In core need	20	...	...	45	...	...
Not in core need	270	...	...	1,000	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	270	...	...	945	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	50.0	...	...	74.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.3	...	...	18.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	940	...	...	1,940	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,490	...	...	1,864	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000	...	...	520,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	624,000	...	...	523,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	20	...	...	115	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	30.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	1,960	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	850	...	...	1,760	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	845	385	460	3,805	1,905	1,895
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	10	10	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	25	0	25	25	15	10
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	25	0	25	20	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	0	20	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	15	15	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	815	385	435	3,770	1,880	1,890
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	850	385	460	3,805	1,905	1,895
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	725	330	395	3,415	1,725	1,690
Canadian citizens aged under 18	125	80	45	980	505	475
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	600	255	345	2,435	1,215	1,220
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	125	55	70	390	185	205
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	850	385	460	3,805	1,905	1,895
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	505	250	250	1,830	980	855
Immigrants⁸¹	300	120	180	1,925	900	1,025
Before 1980	60	15	50	105	60	45
1980 to 1990	40	10	25	240	120	120
1991 to 2000	45	20	25	530	260	275
2001 to 2010	70	40	35	725	345	380
2011 to 2021⁸²	85	35	50	320	120	200
2011 to 2015	20	10	10	170	60	105
2016 to 2021	65	25	40	155	60	95
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	45	30	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	300	120	180	1,925	900	1,025
Under 5 years	15	0	15	150	60	90
5 to 14 years	35	0	30	265	120	140
15 to 24 years	60	30	30	400	230	170
25 to 44 years	155	75	75	860	365	495
45 years and over	35	10	20	245	125	125
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	300	120	180	1,925	900	1,025
Americas	40	10	35	140	55	80
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	40	15	30
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	15	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	25	10	15
Peru	0	0	0	20	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	10	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	10	15	0	10
Europe	100	30	65	110	55	55
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	20	10	10
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	0	15	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	0	15	45	30	20
Other places of birth in Europe	40	15	30	25	0	20
Africa	0	0	0	155	80	80
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	15	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	90	50	40
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	25	10	15
Asia	160	75	80	1,525	705	820
Afghanistan	10	0	10	30	15	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	40	15	30	525	260	265
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	90	45	45
Korea, South⁹²	30	15	15	30	0	20
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Philippines	25	20	0	230	80	145
Viet Nam	0	0	0	160	80	85
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	210	105	110
Pakistan	0	0	0	110	50	55
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	0	80	35	45
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	60	25	40	155	65	95
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	0	15	0	15
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	40	15	25	130	50	75
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	20	0	20	40	15	20
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	45	20	20
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	15	0	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25	10	15
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	850	390	465	3,805	1,910	1,900
First generation¹⁰⁰	355	135	215	1,995	935	1,060
Second generation¹⁰¹	200	105	90	1,105	575	525
Third generation or more¹⁰²	300	140	155	705	395	315
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	235	110	130	1,820	840	980
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	155	80	80	880	405	475
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	70	55	20	380	220	160
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	85	25	60	500	190	315
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	40	15	30	625	260	360
Refugees¹⁰⁸	40	20	25	295	160	130
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	25	20	10
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	235	110	130	1,820	840	980
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	45	30	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	35	20	10	155	45	105
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	10	25	15	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	90	40	50
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	15	0	15
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	195	80	110	1,495	705	785
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	850	390	465	3,800	1,910	1,900
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	255	130	130	2,970	1,465	1,505
South Asian	25	20	10	580	315	255
Chinese	85	35	50	1,220	635	585
Black	0	0	0	245	125	115
Filipino	30	30	0	320	105	210
Arab	0	0	0	55	20	30
Latin American	10	0	10	100	40	60
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	175	100	80
West Asian	10	0	10	115	50	65
Korean	30	20	10	25	0	25
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	125	60	60
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	595	255	335	830	445	395
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	850	385	460	3,805	1,910	1,895
Canadian	95	40	55	210	130	85
English	115	45	70	230	130	100
Irish	105	55	55	150	70	75
Scottish	100	45	55	195	115	80
French, n.o.s.¹²²	45	20	25	85	45	40
German	120	75	50	185	100	85
Chinese	80	30	50	1,120	585	540
Italian	40	15	25	85	35	45
Indian (India)	20	15	10	325	200	125
Ukrainian	15	10	0	80	50	30
Dutch	20	10	10	35	20	15
Polish	25	25	0	80	50	30
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	40	15	25	80	30	45
Filipino	0	0	0	280	95	185
French Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	10	10	0
Métis	0	0	0	25	20	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	25	10	15
Russian	30	15	15	25	10	20
Norwegian	30	20	10	10	0	15
Welsh	15	0	10	40	25	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	25	20	0
American	0	0	0	15	10	0
Spanish	25	10	20	50	15	30
Swedish	15	0	15	60	30	25
Hungarian	0	0	0	55	25	25
Acadian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	75	25	45
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	45	30	15
Jewish	0	0	0	30	10	20
Punjabi	0	0	0	45	15	25
Vietnamese	0	0	0	235	125	110
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	10	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	25	20	10
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	35	30	0	100	45	55
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	15	30	0	25
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	40	15	20
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	60	30	35
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	75	35	35
Austrian	40	25	15	20	10	10
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	40	20	20
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	15	15	0
Finnish	0	0	0	30	10	15
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	0	15
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	55	25	30
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	10	10	0
Muslim	0	0	0	35	10	20
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	25	0	15
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	25	10	20	10	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	110	50	60
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	65	25	40
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	30	20	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	25	10	20
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	20	10
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	25	0	15
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	70	40	35
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	25	0	15
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	850	390	465	3,800	1,910	1,900
Buddhist	0	0	0	110	45	60
Christian	485	205	280	1,495	685	810
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	100	40	60	285	150	140
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	20	0	15	20	15	0
Baptist	15	0	15	70	35	35
Catholic	185	100	90	780	345	435
Christian Orthodox	70	35	35	10	10	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	15	10	10
Latter Day Saints	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	40	15	20
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	15	0	15	90	40	55
Presbyterian	15	0	10	10	0	10
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	25	0	15	30	0	25
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	25	0	20	145	65	80
Hindu	0	0	0	95	55	35
Jewish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Muslim	75	35	35	380	165	215
Sikh	0	0	0	220	125	90
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	75	45	30
No religion and secular perspectives	265	135	130	1,435	775	660
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	835	375	460	3,765	1,885	1,880
Non-movers	755	350	410	3,455	1,715	1,740
Movers	80	30	55	310	170	140
Non-migrants	60	20	45	260	145	110
Migrants	20	10	0	55	25	25
Internal migrants	0	0	0	40	20	20
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	20	10	10
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	20	10	10
External migrants	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	800	360	440	3,660	1,840	1,825
Non-movers	645	295	350	2,780	1,400	1,380
Movers	155	65	90	885	440	445
Non-migrants	55	15	40	585	305	280
Migrants	100	50	50	300	135	170
Internal migrants	15	15	0	210	100	110
Intraprovincial migrants	15	10	0	100	50	50
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	110	45	65
External migrants	80	35	50	95	35	55
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	715	315	400	3,060	1,525	1,540
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	70	25	50	625	310	315
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	640	290	350	2,435	1,215	1,225
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	465	210	245	2,090	1,025	1,060
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	15	0	0	230	110	120
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	450	210	240	1,860	920	945
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	710	320	400	3,060	1,520	1,540
No certificate, diploma or degree	70	20	45	620	310	315
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	155	70	90	790	420	360
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	490	225	265	1,650	785	865
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	140	40	95	605	265	340
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	15	10	95	70	30
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	10	10	55	35	20
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	40	35	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	95	25	70	425	165	260
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	10	20	85	30	50
Bachelor's degree or higher	345	180	165	1,045	525	520
Bachelor's degree	205	110	100	770	395	370
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	10	15	45	0	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	0	0	0
Master's degree	95	55	50	200	100	100
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	20	0	20	10	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	460	215	250	2,085	1,030	1,060
No certificate, diploma or degree	10	0	10	225	105	115
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	65	25	40	450	260	195
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	385	180	200	1,410	660	750
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	40	75	490	205	285
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	10	0	80	50	30
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	45	25	20
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	30	25	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	80	20	55	345	130	220
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	10	20	65	20	40
Bachelor's degree or higher	265	145	120	920	460	465
Bachelor's degree	155	80	75	665	340	325
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	10	10	35	10	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	75	45	40	190	90	100
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	15	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	715	315	395	3,060	1,520	1,535
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	225	90	135	1,410	735	675
Education	30	10	25	110	20	90
13. Education	30	10	25	110	20	90
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	0	15	40	35	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	20	0	15	30	25	0
Humanities	55	15	35	40	25	25
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	15	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	30	10	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	15	10	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	85	40	40	145	60	90
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	15	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	0	35	20	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	20	0	15	35	10	25
45. Social sciences	25	20	10	50	30	15
Business, management and public administration	110	50	65	425	185	230
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	10	0	20	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	100	40	60	405	185	215
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	10	0	100	45	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	20	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	25	0	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	45	30	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	0	15	110	65	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	100	60	40
25. Library science	10	0	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	105	90	10	325	260	60
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	25	20	0
14. Engineering	70	55	0	180	140	35
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	20	20	0	50	30	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	50	50	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	25	25	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	15	0	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	15	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	55	15	45	245	40	210
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	10	0	20	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	40	0	35	225	25	200
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	85	40	45
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	40	15	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	30	10	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	460	215	245	2,090	1,025	1,060
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	80	30	50	675	365	310
Education	25	10	20	110	20	90
13. Education	25	10	20	110	20	90
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	0	15	30	30	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	25	0	15	20	20	0
Humanities	40	15	25	25	10	15
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	15	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	15	10	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	15	30	140	60	80
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	15	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	10	10	0	35	20	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	35	10	25
45. Social sciences	15	0	10	50	30	20
Business, management and public administration	95	35	55	385	180	205
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	10	0	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	80	35	50	365	175	195
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	0	10	90	35	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	25	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	30	10	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	35	20	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	10	95	55	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	85	50	35
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	85	75	0	255	200	55
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	15	0	0
14. Engineering	60	50	0	150	120	30
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	20	20	0	45	25	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	40	40	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	15	0	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	15	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	40	10	30	195	30	160
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	10	0	15	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	30	0	30	175	20	160
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	80	40	40
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	35	15	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	30	10	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	460	215	245	2,090	1,025	1,060
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	80	30	50	675	365	310
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	380	180	205	1,410	660	750
Location of study inside Canada	235	105	130	930	450	480
Same as province or territory of residence	150	60	85	755	375	380
Different than province or territory of residence	85	40	45	175	80	100
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	145	80	70	485	210	270
Americas	40	25	15	40	20	20
United States of America	25	25	0	20	10	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	15	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	40	20	20	55	35	20
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0	30	25	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	25	10	20
Nigeria	0	0	0	25	10	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	70	35	35	355	145	210
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	0	15	100	40	55
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	15	10	10	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	110	40	70
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	70	30	40
Pakistan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	15	10	10
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	710	320	400	3,060	1,520	1,540
In the labour force	415	210	215	2,165	1,145	1,020
Employed	375	185	185	1,845	980	860
Unemployed	45	25	25	320	165	155
Not in the labour force	295	110	185	895	375	520
Participation rate	58.5	65.6	53.8	70.8	75.3	66.2
Employment rate	52.8	57.8	46.3	60.3	64.5	55.8
Unemployment rate	10.8	11.9	11.6	14.8	14.4	15.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	715	315	395	3,060	1,520	1,535
Did not work¹⁸⁶	250	80	175	1,050	450	600
Worked	455	235	220	2,010	1,070	945
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	240	140	100	1,025	615	410
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	215	90	125	985	450	535
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.2	41.4	39.0	39.3	40.7	37.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	420	210	210	2,160	1,145	1,015
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	90	45	35
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	405	205	205	2,075	1,095	980
Employee	310	155	155	1,745	865	875
Permanent position	250	135	120	1,350	680	670
Temporary position	60	20	35	390	180	205
Fixed term (1 year or more)	25	0	25	165	80	85
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	35	20	15	230	100	125
Self-employed¹⁹²	90	50	45	330	230	100
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	420	210	210	2,160	1,145	1,015
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	90	45	35
All occupations¹⁹¹	405	205	205	2,075	1,095	980
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	10	10	0	20	10	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	75	35	40	410	180	235
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35	30	0	270	200	70
3 Health occupations	40	10	30	185	45	140
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	70	30	45	205	55	145
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20	0	15	55	30	25
6 Sales and service occupations	115	55	60	560	255	310
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	30	30	0	255	230	25
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	25	25	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	85	60	25
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	420	210	210	2,160	1,145	1,015
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	90	45	35
All industries¹⁹¹	405	205	205	2,075	1,095	980
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	30	0	105	55	45
22 Utilities	0	0	0	25	20	0
23 Construction	25	20	0	110	95	15
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	125	90	30
41 Wholesale trade	15	0	10	35	30	10
44-45 Retail trade	50	10	35	175	80	100
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	10	0	130	95	35
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	0	25	15	15
52 Finance and insurance	10	10	10	70	35	35
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	10	0	60	40	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	50	35	10	240	160	85
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	0	0	105	60	40
61 Educational services	45	20	25	145	55	90
62 Health care and social assistance	60	10	50	270	50	220
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	0	45	15	30
72 Accommodation and food services	50	25	20	200	105	100
81 Other services (except public administration)	15	0	10	135	65	70
91 Public administration	15	10	0	70	35	35
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	475	245	235	2,225	1,180	1,050
English	435	235	200	1,945	1,030	915
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	10	0	0	110	60	55
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	110	60	55
English and French	10	0	10	10	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	20	0	15	130	70	55
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	475	245	235	2,225	1,180	1,050
Single responses	475	245	235	2,210	1,165	1,050
Official languages	460	235	220	2,045	1,085	965
English	445	235	215	2,040	1,085	955
French	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-official languages	20	10	10	160	75	85
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	20	10	10	160	75	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	35	15	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	15	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10	110	55	55
Chinese languages	15	10	10	110	55	55
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10	15	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	95	45	50
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	15	15	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	475	245	235	2,225	1,180	1,050
None	445	240	205	2,070	1,095	975
English	20	0	20	35	0	25
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	10	0	10	110	75	35
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	10	110	75	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	370	185	185	1,845	985	860
Worked at home	105	65	40	575	275	300
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	20	15	0	220	175	50
Usual place of work	250	110	140	1,045	530	515
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	250	110	140	1,045	530	515
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	240	105	135	940	475	465
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	70	40	35
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	20	0	15
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	15	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	265	120	145	1,265	700	560
Car, truck or van	225	95	130	1,075	615	460
Car, truck or van - as a driver	205	85	120	960	580	375
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	25	10	10	120	30	85
Public transit	15	10	0	105	45	55
Walked	20	15	0	50	25	25
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	10	0	10	30	10	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	265	120	145	1,265	700	560
Less than 15 minutes	75	35	45	230	100	130
15 to 29 minutes	135	65	75	620	340	280
30 to 44 minutes	35	20	15	305	195	110
45 to 59 minutes	10	0	10	60	40	25
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	50	25	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	265	120	145	1,265	700	560
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	85	75	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	30	20	15	180	95	85
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	60	40	20	305	170	135
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	75	25	45	195	100	100
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	70	15	55	265	160	105
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	25	15	0	225	95	125
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	160	80	80	1,075	565	505
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	5	10	70	35	40
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	145	75	70	1,005	530	475
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	120	65	60	895	470	420
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	5	5	60	30	30
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	0	0	25	15	20
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	0	30	15	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	105	55	50	830	440	390

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 28, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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