Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062566More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062516More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	1,616	...	...	9,296	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	527	...	...	2,438	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	519	...	...	2,370	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,879.0	...	...	901.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.56	...	...	10.32	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	1,615	790	825	9,295	4,635	4,660
0 to 14 years	320	155	165	2,650	1,355	1,295
0 to 4 years	70	30	40	1,050	560	485
5 to 9 years	110	60	55	895	450	440
10 to 14 years	140	65	70	715	345	365
15 to 64 years	1,135	560	575	6,235	3,080	3,155
15 to 19 years	150	75	75	515	265	250
20 to 24 years	100	55	45	530	260	265
25 to 29 years	65	35	30	750	360	395
30 to 34 years	60	30	35	1,115	550	560
35 to 39 years	125	60	70	1,100	525	575
40 to 44 years	125	60	65	800	400	395
45 to 49 years	145	65	85	505	270	240
50 to 54 years	155	80	80	355	175	175
55 to 59 years	130	65	65	305	145	165
60 to 64 years	80	50	30	255	125	130
65 years and over	160	75	85	410	200	215
65 to 69 years	80	35	45	180	95	85
70 to 74 years	40	15	20	125	55	65
75 to 79 years	25	10	15	75	30	40
80 to 84 years	20	10	10	25	10	15
85 years and over	5	5	0	15	5	10
85 to 89 years	5	0	0	10	5	10
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.8	19.6	20.0	28.5	29.2	27.8
15 to 64 years	70.3	70.9	69.7	67.1	66.5	67.7
65 years and over	9.9	9.5	10.3	4.4	4.3	4.6
85 years and over	0.3	0.6	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.2
Average age of the population	37.5	37.4	37.6	29.8	29.4	30.1
Median age of the population	39.6	39.2	39.6	31.0	30.8	31.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	520	...	...	2,370	...	...
Single-detached house	480	...	...	1,665	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	95	...	...
Row house	40	...	...	565	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	35	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	520	...	...	2,370	...	...
1 person	55	...	...	120	...	...
2 persons	135	...	...	360	...	...
3 persons	110	...	...	470	...	...
4 persons	155	...	...	675	...	...
5 or more persons	65	...	...	745	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,615	790	825	9,295	4,635	4,660
Average household size	3.1	...	...	3.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,295	635	660	6,645	3,280	3,370
Married or living common-law	850	425	425	4,725	2,360	2,365
Married	805	400	400	4,550	2,270	2,275
Living common-law	50	25	20	180	85	90
Living common law - Never married	30	15	15	145	70	75
Living common law - Separated	5	5	0	10	5	5
Living common law - Divorced	15	10	10	20	10	10
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	445	210	235	1,925	920	1,000
Not married and not living common law - Never married	350	185	165	1,525	825	700
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	5	10	80	25	50
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	60	20	45	140	40	100
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	15	0	15	175	25	155
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	465	...	...	2,490	...	...
2 persons	150	...	...	665	...	...
3 persons	115	...	...	645	...	...
4 persons	155	...	...	800	...	...
5 or more persons	45	...	...	385	...	...
Average size of census families	3.2	...	...	3.4	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	470	...	...	2,495	...	...
Total couple families	420	...	...	2,230	...	...
Married couples	395	...	...	2,145	...	...
With children⁶	285	...	...	1,655	...	...
Without children	110	...	...	490	...	...
Common-law couples	25	...	...	90	...	...
With children⁶	15	...	...	45	...	...
Without children	10	...	...	45	...	...
Total one-parent families	45	...	...	260	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	45	...	...	220	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	1,620	790	830	9,295	4,635	4,660
Total - Persons in census families	1,505	745	765	8,535	4,260	4,280
Married spouses or common-law partners	840	425	420	4,465	2,230	2,235
Parents in one-parent families	45	5	40	260	45	215
Children⁶	620	320	305	3,810	1,985	1,830
In a two-parent family	550	285	270	3,360	1,750	1,615
In a one-parent family	70	35	35	450	235	215
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	110	45	60	760	380	380
Living alone	60	25	35	120	75	40
Living with other relatives⁷	30	10	20	450	195	260
Living with non-relatives only	25	10	10	185	105	80
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	520	...	...	2,370	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	415	...	...	1,610	...	...
Couple-family households	380	...	...	1,470	...	...
With children⁶	275	...	...	1,210	...	...
Without children	100	...	...	265	...	...
One-parent-family households	35	...	...	135	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	20	...	...	330	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	65	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...	185	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	15	...	...	65	...	...
One-person households	55	...	...	120	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,295	635	660	6,650	3,285	3,365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,240	610	635	6,225	3,100	3,125
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,000	64,500	35,600	37,600	43,600	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,240	610	635	6,225	3,100	3,125
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	54,400	32,800	34,800	39,600	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,155	580	570	5,465	2,860	2,600
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	63,600	30,000	33,200	41,600	23,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	905	470	440	5,090	2,660	2,430
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,000	75,500	41,200	31,800	39,600	25,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	995	465	530	5,700	2,820	2,880
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,080	2,660	6,080	6,850	3,160	10,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	80	35	45	970	325	645
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,040	5,840	6,000	5,520	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	350	165	185	2,770	1,325	1,440
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,395	685	710	6,550	3,295	3,260
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,345	650	695	6,155	3,115	3,040
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	80,700	110,600	52,700	43,760	49,280	38,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,345	650	695	6,155	3,115	3,040
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,450	82,000	44,100	38,600	42,680	34,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,260	625	630	5,435	2,895	2,540
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	80,400	110,000	51,000	39,480	46,160	31,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	965	465	500	5,075	2,700	2,380
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	92,200	130,500	56,000	38,840	44,760	32,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,105	520	590	5,600	2,810	2,795
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,800	5,920	7,600	9,770	7,060	12,480
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	80	35	45	925	345	580
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,200	6,800	7,600	8,100	7,480	8,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	365	160	205	2,550	1,295	1,260
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,280	7,600	8,800	9,130	8,640	9,640
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,390	680	710	6,555	3,295	3,260
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	555	320	230	2,265	1,340	925
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	99,000	125,000	75,500	51,600	56,400	47,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	139,500	177,000	86,000	56,100	61,400	48,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	355	120	235	2,045	950	1,095
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,600	26,600	18,000	17,800	22,600	15,900
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,800	31,600	33,600	26,360	30,100	23,120
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	93.2	96.0	88.0	79.6	87.0	69.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	82.0	85.0	76.0	73.2	78.6	66.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	6.9	4.2	12.2	20.3	12.9	30.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.5	0.3	1.0	2.8	1.7	4.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.1	1.8	5.6	9.6	7.9	11.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.8	1.7	4.9	8.6	7.3	10.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,295	635	660	6,645	3,280	3,370
Without total income	55	30	30	425	185	240
With total income	1,240	610	630	6,225	3,100	3,125
Under $10,000 (including loss)	180	80	100	660	245	415
$10,000 to $19,999	130	50	80	670	285	380
$20,000 to $29,999	145	60	85	1,010	450	560
$30,000 to $39,999	95	35	65	965	410	555
$40,000 to $49,999	80	40	40	810	405	410
$50,000 to $59,999	65	30	40	660	340	320
$60,000 to $69,999	60	30	30	465	255	215
$70,000 to $79,999	65	30	30	325	210	120
$80,000 to $89,999	45	20	25	195	145	50
$90,000 to $99,999	55	25	35	160	125	40
$100,000 and over	315	215	95	295	230	65
$100,000 to $149,999	170	100	65	255	195	60
$150,000 and over	140	115	25	40	30	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,295	635	660	6,645	3,280	3,370
Without after-tax income	55	30	30	420	185	240
With after-tax income	1,240	610	630	6,225	3,100	3,125
Under $10,000 (including loss)	185	80	110	665	250	415
$10,000 to $19,999	130	50	85	685	295	390
$20,000 to $29,999	175	75	105	1,190	535	660
$30,000 to $39,999	90	35	55	1,110	510	595
$40,000 to $49,999	90	45	50	960	490	470
$50,000 to $59,999	90	45	50	640	345	295
$60,000 to $69,999	70	35	35	400	250	150
$70,000 to $79,999	70	30	40	255	190	65
$80,000 to $89,999	70	30	35	150	115	35
$90,000 to $99,999	40	30	15	70	50	20
$100,000 and over	215	160	55	100	80	25
$100,000 to $124,999	85	55	30	70	50	15
$125,000 and over	130	105	30	35	25	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,295	635	660	6,645	3,280	3,370
Without employment income	390	170	225	1,560	620	940
With employment income	905	465	440	5,085	2,660	2,425
Under $5,000 (including loss)	110	55	60	615	260	355
$5,000 to $9,999	65	35	35	495	190	305
$10,000 to $19,999	90	25	60	695	325	370
$20,000 to $29,999	65	25	35	615	300	315
$30,000 to $39,999	40	15	20	550	270	280
$40,000 to $49,999	45	25	25	545	275	265
$50,000 to $59,999	40	15	25	460	245	215
$60,000 to $69,999	50	25	30	325	190	135
$70,000 to $79,999	45	20	25	250	180	70
$80,000 to $89,999	40	20	15	155	130	30
$90,000 to $99,999	50	15	30	130	100	25
$100,000 and over	260	180	75	245	195	50
$100,000 to $124,999	90	50	35	170	135	40
$125,000 and over	170	130	40	75	65	10
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,295	635	660	6,650	3,285	3,365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,165	575	585	6,015	2,995	3,025
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,000	72,000	36,800	36,400	43,200	30,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,165	575	585	6,015	2,995	3,025
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,000	63,200	34,000	33,600	38,800	29,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,100	550	550	5,330	2,825	2,505
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,800	73,500	36,800	36,400	44,000	29,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	930	485	445	5,045	2,670	2,380
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,600	79,000	42,400	35,200	41,200	30,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	905	445	460	5,410	2,670	2,735
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,010	890	2,040	1,160	940	4,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	50	20	30	600	180	420
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,750	5,760	9,600	7,150	5,440	8,300
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,395	685	710	6,550	3,295	3,260
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,245	600	640	5,945	2,995	2,945
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	86,800	116,000	59,400	41,840	48,280	35,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,245	600	640	5,945	2,995	2,945
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	66,000	85,600	47,900	36,720	41,600	31,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,195	585	615	5,250	2,850	2,400
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	86,600	116,400	58,000	42,360	48,520	35,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	985	500	490	5,000	2,700	2,305
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	92,200	124,400	59,600	41,440	46,920	35,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	965	470	495	5,295	2,605	2,690
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,140	3,040	5,180	4,936	2,490	7,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	25	0	20	595	180	420
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	14,000	...	14,000	8,960	7,650	9,560
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,390	680	710	6,555	3,295	3,260
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	555	325	230	2,215	1,310	905
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	105,000	129,000	66,000	50,400	56,400	43,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	138,500	176,000	86,000	54,800	60,550	46,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	315	100	215	1,895	940	960
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,400	23,400	23,000	26,800	29,000	25,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	39,200	39,000	39,200	32,640	35,800	29,550
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	96.4	98.0	93.0	89.4	95.6	81.2
Employment income (%)	84.4	89.0	77.0	83.4	87.4	77.8
Government transfers (%)	3.7	2.0	6.8	10.5	4.5	18.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.3	x	0.6	2.2	0.9	3.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	520	...	...	2,370	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	149,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	55	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	56,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	48,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	460	...	...	2,255	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	157,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	550	...	...	2,380	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	197,000	...	...	113,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	152,000	...	...	99,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...	115	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	240,000	...	...	58,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...	49,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	505	...	...	2,265	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	192,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	153,000	...	...	102,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	520	...	...	2,370	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	115	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	140	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	205	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	220	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...	215	...	...
$100,000 and over	370	...	...	1,300	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	60	...	...	490	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	50	...	...	325	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	90	...	...	325	...	...
$200,000 and over	170	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	520	...	...	2,370	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	55	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	130	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	225	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	270	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	260	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	40	...	...	275	...	...
$100,000 and over	325	...	...	995	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	60	...	...	455	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	65	...	...	245	...	...
$150,000 and over	200	...	...	295	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	455	...	...	2,255	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	158,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.4	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	105	...	...	300	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	300	...	...	1,675	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	188,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	156,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	185	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	80	35	45	305	185	125
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	71,000	82,000	68,000	38,800	38,800	38,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	58,400	69,500	56,000	34,800	34,800	34,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	495	...	...	2,265	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	191,000	...	...	113,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	152,500	...	...	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	105	...	...	340	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	142,000	...	...	101,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	86,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	345	...	...	1,640	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	222,000	...	...	118,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	174,000	...	...	104,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	185	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	77,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	75	25	50	305	195	110
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	185,000	440,000	40,000	42,400	46,000	36,500
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	116,000	260,000	33,000	36,800	39,600	32,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	1,615	790	825	9,295	4,635	4,660
0 to 17 years	400	195	200	2,975	1,520	1,455
0 to 5 years	90	40	50	1,235	650	585
18 to 64 years	1,050	520	535	5,905	2,915	2,995
65 years and over	165	75	85	410	200	210
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	100	45	55	620	295	325
0 to 17 years	30	15	15	275	135	140
0 to 5 years	5	0	0	95	45	50
18 to 64 years	65	25	35	320	155	165
65 years and over	15	5	5	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.3	5.8	6.8	6.7	6.4	6.9
0 to 17 years (%)	7.2	6.0	8.0	9.3	8.8	9.8
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	7.8	7.0	8.4
18 to 64 years (%)	5.8	5.6	6.0	5.4	5.2	5.6
65 years and over (%)	7.0	6.0	6.0	6.0	5.0	7.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	1,620	790	830	9,295	4,635	4,660
0 to 17 years	400	200	205	2,975	1,520	1,455
0 to 5 years	90	45	50	1,240	650	585
18 to 64 years	1,055	520	530	5,910	2,915	2,990
65 years and over	165	75	90	415	200	215
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	45	15	30	295	150	145
0 to 17 years	10	5	10	100	50	45
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	40	25	20
18 to 64 years	30	10	15	190	95	90
65 years and over	5	5	5	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.8	2.0	3.6	3.2	3.3	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	3.2	x	5.0	3.5	3.5	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	3.2	3.2	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	2.8	2.4	3.2	3.1	3.3	3.0
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	2.4	2.0	3.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	1,615	790	825	9,295	4,635	4,660
In bottom half of the distribution	420	195	220	5,410	2,665	2,745
In bottom decile	85	40	50	545	265	280
In second decile	95	40	45	870	425	440
In third decile	55	25	30	1,260	605	655
In fourth decile	70	35	30	1,385	685	700
In fifth decile	115	50	60	1,350	685	665
In top half of the distribution	1,195	595	600	3,885	1,970	1,910
In sixth decile	120	50	65	1,185	615	570
In seventh decile	150	75	80	1,080	545	535
In eighth decile	180	85	90	925	455	470
In ninth decile	255	135	125	495	255	235
In top decile	485	250	240	205	100	100
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	1,620	...	...	9,295	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.348	...	...	0.229	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.403	...	...	0.332	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.303	...	...	0.208	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	1,620	790	830	9,295	4,635	4,660
English only	1,485	735	750	8,350	4,200	4,155
French only	0	0	0	15	5	10
English and French	105	45	65	195	100	100
Neither English nor French	25	5	15	730	330	395
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	1,620	790	830	9,295	4,635	4,660
English	1,570	770	800	8,490	4,265	4,220
French	20	10	10	60	25	30
English and French	0	0	0	35	15	15
Neither English nor French	25	5	15	715	320	390
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	1,620	790	830	9,295	4,635	4,660
Single responses	1,535	760	770	8,065	4,010	4,050
Official languages	1,135	570	565	1,985	980	1,005
English	1,115	565	555	1,945	965	980
French	15	5	5	40	15	20
Non-official languages	400	195	210	6,080	3,030	3,050
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	400	195	210	6,080	3,030	3,050
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	175	90	90
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	20	15	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	155	80	80
Amharic	0	0	0	50	15	30
Arabic	20	10	10	95	55	45
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	55	25	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	55	25	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	10	15	515	235	275
Bikol	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cebuano	5	0	5	30	20	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	30	15	15
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	15	425	190	235
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	10	5	5
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	95	50	45
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malayalam	5	0	0	35	20	15
Tamil	10	5	5	45	20	20
Telugu	0	0	0	15	10	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	175	90	85	5,080	2,550	2,525
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	5	25	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	15	5	25	15	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	0	15	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
German	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	35	45	4,955	2,485	2,470
Indo-Aryan languages	65	30	35	4,745	2,390	2,355
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	100	50	50
Gujarati	5	5	0	230	120	115
Hindi	15	5	10	280	145	140
Kacchi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	15	5	10
Nepali	0	0	0	130	70	55
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	15	3,135	1,590	1,545
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	15	15	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Urdu	5	5	5	800	385	420
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iranian languages	15	5	10	210	95	115
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	30	10	25
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	95	45	50
Persian languages	15	5	10	85	40	45
Dari	0	0	0	70	30	40
Iranian Persian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	35	25	90	50	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	10	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	5	0	0
Spanish	40	25	20	80	45	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	15	15	5	5	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	5	70	35	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ndebele	0	0	0	5	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	20	5	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	110	45	65	45	25	25
Chinese languages	105	45	60	45	25	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	70	30	45	15	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	15	10	25	10	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	75	25	50	1,230	625	605
English and French	0	0	0	10	10	0
English and non-official language(s)	75	25	50	1,135	575	560
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	0	70	35	35
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	1,620	790	830	9,295	4,635	4,660
English	1,130	565	565	1,715	855	865
French	5	0	0	20	5	10
Non-official language	115	50	70	2,455	1,210	1,245
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	115	50	70	2,455	1,210	1,245
English and French	15	10	10	35	20	15
English and non-official language(s)	340	160	175	4,745	2,380	2,360
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	55	20	35
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	270	140	130
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	1,620	790	830	9,295	4,635	4,660
Single responses	1,555	765	795	8,055	4,015	4,035
Official languages	1,315	650	660	2,925	1,445	1,485
English	1,310	650	655	2,905	1,435	1,475
French	5	0	0	25	10	15
Non-official languages	245	110	135	5,120	2,575	2,550
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	245	110	135	5,120	2,575	2,550
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	5	125	60	60
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	5	105	50	50
Amharic	0	0	0	30	10	15
Arabic	0	0	5	70	35	30
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	325	155	170
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	10	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	5	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	290	135	155
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	5	5	80	40	40
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	5	25	15	15
Tamil	10	5	5	40	20	20
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	95	40	50	4,500	2,265	2,235
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	15	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	15	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	55	25	30	4,420	2,230	2,190
Indo-Aryan languages	50	25	30	4,255	2,155	2,100
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	70	35	40
Gujarati	0	0	0	180	95	95
Hindi	5	5	5	250	135	120
Kacchi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	105	60	50
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10	2,895	1,475	1,425
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	10	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	705	345	365
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	5
Iranian languages	5	5	5	165	75	95
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	75	35	40
Persian languages	5	5	5	65	30	35
Dari	0	0	0	60	30	35
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	15	65	30	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	10	10	55	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	5	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	35	50	35	15	15
Chinese languages	80	35	45	35	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	65	25	35	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	10	5	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	60	30	30	1,245	620	625
English and French	0	0	0	10	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	60	30	30	1,195	595	600
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	1,615	790	830	9,295	4,635	4,660
None	1,305	640	660	5,185	2,570	2,615
English	110	50	55	1,915	975	945
French	20	5	10	30	15	20
Non-official language	150	70	80	1,435	705	730
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	150	70	80	1,435	705	730
English and French	0	0	0	10	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	500	260	245
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	25	5	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10	185	100	85
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	1,775	845	935	9,240	4,700	4,540
Official languages	1,745	830	915	8,595	4,435	4,160
English	1,745	830	915	8,560	4,415	4,140
French	105	40	65	265	150	115
Non-official languages	710	320	390	8,165	4,130	4,035
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	710	320	390	8,165	4,130	4,035
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	45	35	340	180	165
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Hausa	0	0	0	15	15	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	80	45	35	305	150	160
Amharic	0	0	0	125	40	85
Arabic	80	45	35	150	90	60
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	55	30	20
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	125	50	75
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	115	45	70
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	65	25	40	815	410	410
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	55	35	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	30	10	15
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	20	35	815	410	410
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	60	25	35
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	205	115	85
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	55	30	30
Tamil	0	0	0	145	80	60
Telugu	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	340	155	185	6,485	3,270	3,215
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	10	45	20	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	15	10	45	20	20
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	15	10	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	155	60	90	6,310	3,190	3,120
Indo-Aryan languages	135	50	80	6,115	3,095	3,020
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	135	65	70
Gujarati	40	20	20	425	225	195
Hindi	65	30	35	1,935	975	960
Kacchi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	45	25	15
Nepali	0	0	0	170	90	80
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	20	25	4,025	2,050	1,975
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	0	20	1,465	720	740
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	30	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	310	160	150
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	165	85	75
Persian languages	0	0	0	105	50	55
Dari	0	0	0	90	45	50
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	135	65	70	235	120	120
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	15	15	35	20	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	100	50	50	200	105	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Korean	45	25	25	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	15	150	90	65
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	35	25	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	15	10	10
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	0	10	0	10
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	75	45	30
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	150	60	90	35	20	15
Chinese languages	150	60	90	30	20	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	90	30	55	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	55	25	30	30	20	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,775	845	935	9,235	4,700	4,535
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	45	10	35	25	10	20
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	45	10	35	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian)	25	0	20	10	0	0
Métis	20	0	15	15	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,730	835	895	9,210	4,690	4,520
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,775	845	935	9,235	4,700	4,535
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	15	0	15	10	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,755	840	915	9,225	4,690	4,535
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	550	...	...	2,380	...	...
Owner	500	...	...	2,140	...	...
Renter	55	...	...	235	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	550	...	...	2,380	...	...
Condominium	105	...	...	365	...	...
Not condominium	450	...	...	2,020	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	550	...	...	2,380	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	20	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	85	...	...
2 bedrooms	40	...	...	235	...	...
3 bedrooms	240	...	...	1,410	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	265	...	...	635	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	550	...	...	2,380	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	65	...	...	875	...	...
5 rooms	70	...	...	690	...	...
6 rooms	90	...	...	485	...	...
7 rooms	100	...	...	145	...	...
8 or more rooms	230	...	...	185	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.3	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	550	...	...	2,380	...	...
One person or fewer per room	550	...	...	2,020	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	355	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	550	...	...	2,380	...	...
Suitable	540	...	...	2,020	...	...
Not suitable	15	...	...	365	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	550	...	...	2,380	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	10	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	305	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	80	...	...	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	55	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2015	35	...	...	400	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	70	...	...	1,935	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	550	...	...	2,380	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	545	...	...	2,325	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	550	...	...	2,380	...	...
One-maintainer household	200	...	...	730	...	...
Two-maintainer household	330	...	...	1,305	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	25	...	...	345	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	550	...	...	2,380	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	30	...	...	640	...	...
35 to 44 years	145	...	...	960	...	...
45 to 54 years	165	...	...	465	...	...
55 to 64 years	130	...	...	210	...	...
65 to 74 years	70	...	...	65	...	...
75 to 84 years	20	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	555	...	...	2,380	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	460	...	...	1,665	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	90	...	...	715	...	...
30% to less than 100%	85	...	...	685	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	555	...	...	2,380	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	110	...	...	1,050	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	85	...	...	640	...	...
Not suitable only	10	...	...	290	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	50	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	70	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	445	...	...	1,325	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	550	...	...	2,345	...	...
In core need	35	...	...	140	...	...
Not in core need	510	...	...	2,205	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	500	...	...	2,145	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	63.0	...	...	95.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.0	...	...	29.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.0	...	...	5.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,220	...	...	2,200	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,230	...	...	2,230	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	552,000	...	...	448,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	672,000	...	...	461,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	50	...	...	235	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	31.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	17.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,880	...	...	1,760	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,850	...	...	1,780	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,775	840	930	9,235	4,695	4,535
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	30	0	30	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	30	0	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	20	0	15	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	35	20	15	45	15	25
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	35	20	15	45	15	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	25	10	15
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	15	15	25	10	10
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,710	820	890	9,195	4,680	4,510
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,775	840	930	9,235	4,700	4,535
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,620	790	835	6,070	3,090	2,980
Canadian citizens aged under 18	445	205	240	2,640	1,360	1,280
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,175	580	590	3,425	1,730	1,695
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	150	50	100	3,165	1,610	1,555
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,775	840	930	9,235	4,700	4,535
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	1,200	565	640	2,955	1,555	1,405
Immigrants⁸¹	565	275	295	5,900	2,930	2,970
Before 1980	65	40	25	60	30	35
1980 to 1990	40	20	15	110	65	45
1991 to 2000	65	35	35	575	290	285
2001 to 2010	170	85	80	1,670	795	865
2011 to 2021⁸²	225	90	135	3,490	1,755	1,740
2011 to 2015	140	50	85	1,760	890	870
2016 to 2021	85	35	50	1,730	865	865
Non-permanent residents⁸³	10	0	0	385	215	165
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	570	270	295	5,900	2,930	2,970
Under 5 years	50	15	35	410	220	185
5 to 14 years	115	70	45	735	415	325
15 to 24 years	85	45	45	1,195	515	675
25 to 44 years	240	110	135	2,845	1,465	1,380
45 years and over	75	40	30	720	315	400
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	570	270	295	5,900	2,930	2,970
Americas	70	40	30	170	80	95
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	35	15	20
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	30	10	20
Jamaica	0	0	0	35	10	20
Mexico	0	0	0	25	10	20
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	20	10	10	0	0	0
United States of America	30	10	15	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	15	10	0
Europe	70	30	40	60	25	35
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	15	0	10	15	0	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	30	10	15
Africa	100	50	45	395	210	185
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	60	35	30	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	15	0	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	55	20	35
Morocco	0	0	0	15	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	125	75	55
Somalia	0	0	0	15	10	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	15	20	165	100	65
Asia	330	150	180	5,265	2,610	2,655
Afghanistan	0	0	0	80	35	40
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	30	20	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	70	30	40	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	20	10	0	10	10	0
Korea, South⁹²	50	25	30	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	65	30	35	765	375	395
Viet Nam	0	0	0	60	30	35
Bangladesh	0	0	0	85	45	40
India	70	35	35	3,175	1,595	1,575
Pakistan	0	0	0	770	360	410
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	50	30	25
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	10	220	105	110
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	10	10	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	85	35	50	1,725	860	865
Americas	0	0	0	60	30	30
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	20	10	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	25	10	20
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	120	65	60
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	85	50	35
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	10	0
Asia	75	30	45	1,525	765	755
Afghanistan	0	0	0	30	15	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	30	20	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	20	10	10	1,125	590	530
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	45	25	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	100	30	75
Philippines	0	0	0	200	90	105
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	15	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	1,775	845	935	9,240	4,700	4,540
First generation¹⁰⁰	610	305	310	6,320	3,165	3,150
Second generation¹⁰¹	425	200	220	2,685	1,415	1,270
Third generation or more¹⁰²	745	340	405	235	115	115
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	500	235	265	5,835	2,900	2,935
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	380	185	195	3,065	1,670	1,395
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	155	115	45	1,375	855	520
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	230	75	150	1,695	820	875
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	100	35	70	2,125	920	1,205
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	10	0	545	270	280
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	95	45	50
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	500	235	265	5,835	2,900	2,935
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	255	160	95
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	90	40	45	605	290	320
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	15	0	50	35	20
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	60	35	30	470	290	175
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	330	145	185	4,445	2,130	2,320
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	1,775	845	935	9,235	4,700	4,535
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	690	300	385	8,910	4,525	4,390
South Asian	200	90	110	6,570	3,335	3,230
Chinese	175	65	110	30	25	10
Black	25	0	15	680	320	355
Filipino	55	35	20	970	505	465
Arab	55	25	25	125	70	50
Latin American	30	15	10	125	55	70
Southeast Asian	25	0	20	190	80	110
West Asian	0	0	0	110	65	45
Korean	60	25	30	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	35	25	10
Multiple visible minorities	45	15	30	75	40	30
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,090	540	545	325	175	145
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	1,775	840	930	9,235	4,700	4,540
Canadian	195	80	115	475	230	250
English	265	155	115	65	45	15
Irish	200	85	110	70	35	35
Scottish	180	85	95	70	45	20
French, n.o.s.¹²²	125	65	60	55	30	20
German	185	115	70	55	35	20
Chinese	170	70	105	70	45	25
Italian	115	40	75	20	15	10
Indian (India)	80	35	40	2,825	1,395	1,430
Ukrainian	150	70	80	0	0	0
Dutch	80	60	20	15	15	0
Polish	95	40	55	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	70	45	20	0	0	0
Filipino	50	20	25	885	445	440
French Canadian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	35	20	15
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	20	0	20	0	0	0
Métis	40	20	25	20	10	15
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	40	25	15	0	0	0
Russian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	10	15	15	10	10
Welsh	45	10	35	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	25	0	15
Spanish	20	15	0	50	15	35
Swedish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	25	0	20	1,215	610	610
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	175	70	105
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	905	465	440
Vietnamese	0	0	0	150	60	90
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	30	10	20	40	15	25
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	35	20	20
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	65	20	45	125	75	50
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	35	40	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	50	25	20
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	1,040	535	505
Austrian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	40	15	30
Hindu	0	0	0	365	190	175
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	70	45	20
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	25	15	10	135	60	75
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	20	20	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	210	115	95
Egyptian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	45	20	25
Tamil	0	0	0	40	20	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Czech	15	0	10	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	110	70	45
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	90	40	50
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	70	35	35
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	50	25	25
Salvadorean	0	0	0	35	20	15
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	75	25	55
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	25	10	15	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	40	30	15
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	105	45	55
Eritrean	0	0	0	40	25	15
African Canadian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	20	20	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	125	55	70
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	140	75	60
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	25	15	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	40	20	20
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	75	35	40
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Yemeni	0	0	0	40	25	10
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	45	15	30
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	1,775	845	935	9,235	4,700	4,535
Buddhist	0	0	0	55	20	35
Christian	870	380	490	1,910	960	950
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	175	80	95	470	235	235
Anabaptist	10	0	10	0	0	0
Anglican	30	10	15	15	10	0
Baptist	15	10	0	20	10	10
Catholic	370	165	210	965	490	475
Christian Orthodox	25	10	15	80	45	40
Jehovah's Witness	35	10	25	50	25	25
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	105	55	50
Presbyterian	50	20	35	0	0	0
Reformed	35	25	10	0	0	0
United Church	85	35	50	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	25	15	10	155	70	85
Hindu	80	30	55	1,230	640	595
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	180	80	95	2,075	1,060	1,020
Sikh	0	0	0	3,420	1,730	1,690
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	25	10	15
No religion and secular perspectives	600	335	265	515	285	230
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,760	835	920	9,000	4,560	4,440
Non-movers	1,625	775	850	7,005	3,540	3,465
Movers	140	65	75	2,000	1,025	975
Non-migrants	90	40	50	1,645	820	825
Migrants	50	25	25	355	205	150
Internal migrants	30	20	15	290	170	120
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	115	65	50
Interprovincial migrants	30	20	0	170	110	65
External migrants	20	10	10	70	35	30
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	1,685	810	870	8,165	4,065	4,095
Non-movers	1,025	500	525	1,550	730	815
Movers	665	315	345	6,615	3,335	3,280
Non-migrants	490	220	270	4,440	2,220	2,225
Migrants	175	90	80	2,175	1,120	1,055
Internal migrants	120	75	45	930	500	430
Intraprovincial migrants	35	20	20	270	145	125
Interprovincial migrants	80	55	25	655	355	305
External migrants	55	15	35	1,245	615	625
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,390	680	710	6,555	3,295	3,260
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	140	80	65	1,235	575	655
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,250	605	640	5,320	2,720	2,605
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	985	465	525	5,200	2,540	2,660
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	15	10	10	720	320	400
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	970	455	515	4,485	2,220	2,260
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,395	685	710	6,555	3,295	3,260
No certificate, diploma or degree	130	70	65	1,160	540	615
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	305	135	170	1,695	985	710
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	955	475	475	3,700	1,770	1,925
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	285	160	125	1,265	620	645
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	80	70	10	170	100	70
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	30	20	10	85	30	50
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	50	50	0	95	75	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	170	80	95	800	380	420
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	15	15	285	135	150
Bachelor's degree or higher	670	320	350	2,435	1,150	1,285
Bachelor's degree	500	240	265	1,565	760	805
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	10	15	125	55	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	0	15	55	30	25
Master's degree	115	55	60	680	300	380
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	15	0	20	10	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	985	460	520	5,205	2,540	2,665
No certificate, diploma or degree	10	0	10	660	285	370
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	165	65	100	1,175	670	510
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	810	395	415	3,370	1,585	1,785
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	235	125	110	1,080	525	550
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	60	50	15	145	80	65
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	20	15	10	70	30	45
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	40	35	0	70	55	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	150	70	85	675	320	355
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	10	15	250	125	130
Bachelor's degree or higher	570	265	305	2,295	1,065	1,235
Bachelor's degree	430	200	225	1,455	695	765
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	10	10	110	50	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	0	15	55	30	20
Master's degree	100	50	50	655	280	370
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	20	10	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,395	685	710	6,555	3,295	3,260
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	440	210	230	2,855	1,525	1,330
Education	60	10	45	145	20	120
13. Education	60	10	45	145	20	120
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	10	10	45	25	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	15	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	30	20	15
Humanities	45	15	30	345	120	225
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	25	10	15
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	40	15	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	10	220	75	145
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	15	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	30	10	20
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	140	75	65	270	105	165
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	15	30	0	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	45	20	25
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	10	40	15	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	25	10	15	20	10	15
45. Social sciences	75	55	20	120	60	60
Business, management and public administration	220	95	120	895	445	450
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	35	10	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	210	95	115	865	440	425
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75	40	35	210	95	115
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	10	10	75	25	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	75	30	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	45	25	20	45	30	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	35	25	340	185	155
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	35	25	310	175	135
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	20	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	160	135	25	650	530	125
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	20	0	10
14. Engineering	80	70	10	365	290	80
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	40	20	15	160	125	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	25	20	0	35	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	55	55	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	0	15	50	40	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	45	30	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	0	15	0	0	0
Health and related fields	115	20	95	665	155	515
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	25	20	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	115	20	95	630	125	500
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	15	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	35	30	0	80	45	35
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	10	0	40	10	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	25	20	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	985	465	520	5,200	2,540	2,665
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	180	70	105	1,830	955	875
Education	40	10	35	130	20	110
13. Education	40	10	35	130	20	110
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	0	10	45	25	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	15	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	30	20	15
Humanities	35	0	25	325	115	205
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	20	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	40	10	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	10	205	75	135
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	15	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	30	10	20
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	130	70	60	245	100	145
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	30	0	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	40	20	20
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	10	40	15	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	25	10	15	25	10	15
45. Social sciences	65	50	15	105	55	55
Business, management and public administration	195	90	110	830	410	415
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	30	10	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	190	90	100	800	400	400
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	20	30	165	80	90
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0	70	25	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0	60	25	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	0	20	35	25	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	65	40	25	320	175	145
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	55	35	20	300	165	125
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	130	105	25	575	455	115
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	20	10	10
14. Engineering	60	55	10	320	250	75
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	35	20	15	155	125	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	15	0	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	45	45	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	0	15	45	35	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	35	25	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	0	15	10	10	0
Health and related fields	105	15	85	635	145	490
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	20	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	105	15	85	595	120	480
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	15	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	30	30	0	60	35	30
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	15	0	30	10	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	15	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	985	465	520	5,200	2,540	2,665
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	180	70	105	1,830	955	875
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	805	390	415	3,375	1,585	1,785
Location of study inside Canada	615	315	300	1,075	470	605
Same as province or territory of residence	420	205	220	700	290	415
Different than province or territory of residence	190	105	85	375	185	190
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	195	80	110	2,300	1,110	1,185
Americas	30	20	10	70	40	30
United States of America	20	15	10	30	15	15
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	20	10	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	30	10	20	85	55	35
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	15	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	45	30	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	15	0	10	65	35	40
Nigeria	0	0	0	30	20	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	0	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	35	15	20
Asia	120	50	70	2,060	980	1,090
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South⁹²	25	10	15	0	0	0
Philippines	30	10	20	375	165	210
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	35	20	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	20	0	15
India	35	15	15	1,275	620	665
Pakistan	0	0	0	255	120	135
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	80	50	25
Oceania	0	0	0	15	15	0
Australia	0	0	0	15	15	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,395	685	710	6,555	3,295	3,260
In the labour force	1,010	520	495	4,840	2,620	2,215
Employed	865	440	425	4,370	2,415	1,945
Unemployed	150	80	70	475	205	270
Not in the labour force	385	165	215	1,715	675	1,045
Participation rate	72.4	75.9	69.7	73.8	79.5	67.9
Employment rate	62.0	64.2	59.9	66.7	73.3	59.7
Unemployment rate	14.9	15.4	14.1	9.8	7.8	12.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,395	685	710	6,555	3,295	3,260
Did not work¹⁸⁶	420	185	230	1,985	835	1,150
Worked	975	495	480	4,570	2,460	2,115
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	590	350	245	2,365	1,415	950
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	380	145	235	2,205	1,045	1,165
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	44.3	40.3	40.4	42.4	38.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,010	515	490	4,840	2,625	2,220
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	30	10	95	40	55
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	975	490	485	4,740	2,585	2,165
Employee	790	370	420	4,070	2,040	2,025
Permanent position	655	310	345	3,505	1,805	1,700
Temporary position	140	60	75	560	240	325
Fixed term (1 year or more)	45	25	20	180	80	105
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	95	30	60	380	160	225
Self-employed¹⁹²	185	120	60	670	540	135
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,010	515	490	4,840	2,625	2,220
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	30	10	95	40	55
All occupations¹⁹¹	975	490	485	4,740	2,585	2,165
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	45	30	15	15	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	210	60	150	690	280	415
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	120	95	20	345	265	80
3 Health occupations	70	20	55	450	70	375
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	120	45	75	300	55	250
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	35	10	20	40	20	20
6 Sales and service occupations	215	85	130	1,340	590	750
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	135	115	20	1,360	1,180	185
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	10	0	20	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	15	15	0	185	100	85
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,010	515	490	4,840	2,625	2,220
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	30	10	95	40	55
All industries¹⁹¹	975	490	485	4,740	2,585	2,165
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	10	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	60	30	25	40	40	0
22 Utilities	20	20	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	55	40	15	265	245	20
31-33 Manufacturing	35	15	20	170	105	60
41 Wholesale trade	25	15	10	110	70	40
44-45 Retail trade	110	40	70	710	370	335
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	50	45	10	945	745	200
51 Information and cultural industries	20	15	0	70	45	30
52 Finance and insurance	75	35	40	185	75	105
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15	15	0	70	50	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	170	85	85	320	195	125
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	25	10	15	275	150	125
61 Educational services	75	30	45	200	50	150
62 Health care and social assistance	85	15	70	630	100	530
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	15	0	10	25	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	50	25	25	425	180	250
81 Other services (except public administration)	30	15	15	160	80	80
91 Public administration	55	35	25	130	60	65
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,020	525	500	5,175	2,790	2,390
English	980	495	485	4,365	2,340	2,020
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	125	65	65
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	125	65	65
English and French	20	15	0	20	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	15	665	370	290
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,020	525	500	5,175	2,790	2,390
Single responses	1,010	510	495	5,030	2,695	2,340
Official languages	1,000	510	495	4,805	2,550	2,255
English	1,000	510	495	4,805	2,550	2,255
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	225	140	85
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	225	140	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	210	135	75
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	200	125	75
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	195	125	70
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	180	120	65
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	0	0	150	95	50
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	0	140	95	40
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,020	525	500	5,175	2,790	2,390
None	1,000	505	490	4,625	2,495	2,125
English	0	0	0	95	70	25
French	20	15	0	15	10	10
Non-official language	0	0	0	345	185	165
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	345	185	165
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	100	30	70
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	865	440	425	4,365	2,415	1,945
Worked at home	345	180	170	650	365	285
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	85	65	20	910	680	240
Usual place of work	430	200	235	2,795	1,375	1,420
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	430	195	235	2,795	1,375	1,420
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	375	175	200	2,290	1,080	1,210
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	40	0	35	460	250	210
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	15	0	35	25	10
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	15	15	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	515	265	255	3,710	2,050	1,655
Car, truck or van	465	245	225	3,275	1,890	1,380
Car, truck or van - as a driver	460	240	215	3,020	1,805	1,215
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	0	0	250	85	165
Public transit	15	0	15	345	125	225
Walked	15	10	10	20	0	10
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	15	10	10	75	35	45
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	515	265	255	3,710	2,050	1,655
Less than 15 minutes	105	30	70	720	390	335
15 to 29 minutes	225	105	115	1,690	950	745
30 to 44 minutes	135	85	45	970	550	420
45 to 59 minutes	55	35	15	155	65	90
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	170	95	70
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	515	265	255	3,710	2,050	1,655
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	15	10	0	270	165	105
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	90	60	30	555	255	300
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	155	85	75	680	345	335
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	80	35	50	620	370	255
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	90	30	60	565	315	250
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	80	40	40	1,010	600	410
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	410	205	210	3,010	1,535	1,475
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	25	10	15	90	40	50
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	385	190	195	2,925	1,505	1,425
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	330	170	165	1,910	945	960
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	10	10	60	25	35
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	5	35	15	20
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	5	25	10	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	315	160	155	1,850	920	925

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 27, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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