Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062561More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48061474More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48060902More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	9,200	...	...	1,115	...	...	591	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	3,281	...	...	567	...	...	340	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,209	...	...	520	...	...	306	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,350.1	...	...	1,546.9	...	...	3,206.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3.91	...	...	0.72	...	...	0.18	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	9,200	4,535	4,665	1,115	555	560	595	300	295
0 to 14 years	2,325	1,195	1,125	190	115	80	80	45	30
0 to 4 years	755	380	370	75	45	25	35	25	10
5 to 9 years	840	430	410	65	35	30	30	10	10
10 to 14 years	730	380	350	55	35	20	15	5	5
15 to 64 years	6,165	3,010	3,155	855	410	445	400	195	200
15 to 19 years	470	230	240	70	35	35	10	10	5
20 to 24 years	315	145	170	110	55	60	15	0	10
25 to 29 years	480	230	250	135	55	80	65	25	45
30 to 34 years	810	390	425	75	40	35	60	30	30
35 to 39 years	935	440	500	95	40	55	70	35	30
40 to 44 years	960	480	480	100	40	60	40	20	20
45 to 49 years	745	400	345	95	50	50	35	25	10
50 to 54 years	545	280	270	75	40	35	30	10	20
55 to 59 years	455	215	240	50	25	20	40	25	15
60 to 64 years	445	210	235	40	30	20	30	20	15
65 years and over	715	335	380	70	30	35	115	55	60
65 to 69 years	310	145	170	30	15	15	35	10	20
70 to 74 years	240	105	130	15	10	15	20	10	15
75 to 79 years	125	60	65	10	5	10	15	5	10
80 to 84 years	30	15	10	5	5	0	30	15	15
85 years and over	10	5	5	5	5	0	20	15	0
85 to 89 years	10	5	10	0	0	0	20	15	0
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	25.3	26.4	24.1	17.0	20.7	14.3	13.4	15.0	10.2
15 to 64 years	67.0	66.4	67.6	76.7	73.9	79.5	67.2	65.0	67.8
65 years and over	7.8	7.4	8.1	6.3	5.4	6.3	19.3	18.3	20.3
85 years and over	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.9	0.0	3.4	5.0	0.0
Average age of the population	34.4	34.1	34.8	34.3	33.4	35.1	43.1	42.8	43.6
Median age of the population	36.0	36.0	36.0	32.8	32.4	34.4	40.0	40.4	39.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,205	...	...	520	...	...	310	...	...
Single-detached house	2,195	...	...	80	...	...	145	...	...
Semi-detached house	265	...	...	10	...	...	15	...	...
Row house	435	...	...	5	...	...	50	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...	10	...	...	30	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	310	...	...	195	...	...	70	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	225	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,210	...	...	520	...	...	305	...	...
1 person	525	...	...	210	...	...	150	...	...
2 persons	1,015	...	...	155	...	...	105	...	...
3 persons	565	...	...	75	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	715	...	...	50	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	390	...	...	30	...	...	10	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,200	4,530	4,670	1,115	550	560	565	280	285
Average household size	2.9	...	...	2.1	...	...	1.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	6,880	3,340	3,535	925	440	485	515	255	260
Married or living common-law	4,930	2,470	2,465	405	205	200	285	145	140
Married	4,310	2,155	2,155	315	160	155	180	90	85
Living common-law	625	320	310	90	45	45	105	50	50
Living common law - Never married	465	230	230	85	40	45	85	35	45
Living common law - Separated	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	125	70	55	5	5	5	20	10	5
Living common law - Widowed	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	1,945	870	1,075	515	235	280	230	110	120
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,365	690	675	380	185	195	145	80	65
Not married and not living common law - Separated	115	55	65	35	15	20	10	0	10
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	335	100	235	75	30	40	45	25	20
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	130	20	110	25	5	20	30	5	25
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,675	...	...	275	...	...	155	...	...
2 persons	1,070	...	...	135	...	...	100	...	...
3 persons	570	...	...	70	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	755	...	...	45	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	275	...	...	20	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.7	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,675	...	...	270	...	...	150	...	...
Total couple families	2,450	...	...	195	...	...	145	...	...
Married couples	2,135	...	...	150	...	...	85	...	...
With children⁶	1,385	...	...	95	...	...	35	...	...
Without children	750	...	...	55	...	...	50	...	...
Common-law couples	310	...	...	50	...	...	55	...	...
With children⁶	120	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
Without children	190	...	...	40	...	...	40	...	...
Total one-parent families	225	...	...	75	...	...	15	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	170	...	...	65	...	...	10	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	55	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	9,200	4,530	4,665	1,115	555	560	565	280	285
Total - Persons in census families	8,310	4,140	4,170	775	390	390	390	200	190
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,895	2,455	2,445	395	200	200	285	145	145
Parents in one-parent families	225	55	170	75	10	70	10	0	10
Children⁶	3,190	1,630	1,560	310	180	125	100	60	35
In a two-parent family	2,845	1,455	1,385	190	110	80	85	50	30
In a one-parent family	345	175	175	115	75	45	15	10	0
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	890	395	495	340	165	170	175	80	95
Living alone	525	230	300	210	110	100	145	65	80
Living with other relatives⁷	170	60	105	45	25	20	5	0	0
Living with non-relatives only	200	105	90	85	30	55	20	15	10
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,210	...	...	520	...	...	305	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,370	...	...	235	...	...	140	...	...
Couple-family households	2,195	...	...	175	...	...	135	...	...
With children⁶	1,355	...	...	95	...	...	45	...	...
Without children	840	...	...	80	...	...	85	...	...
One-parent-family households	175	...	...	65	...	...	10	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	110	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	90	...	...	20	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	85	...	...	40	...	...	10	...	...
One-person households	525	...	...	215	...	...	145	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	6,875	3,335	3,540	920	440	480	485	235	255
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,550	3,195	3,355	865	415	455	480	230	250
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,800	77,500	48,800	36,400	38,000	35,200	50,000	62,000	45,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,560	3,200	3,365	865	415	455	485	235	250
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,400	64,500	42,800	34,000	34,800	33,200	44,800	53,600	41,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,205	3,085	3,120	720	355	365	450	220	230
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,800	77,000	43,600	31,400	35,200	28,800	48,800	61,600	42,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,395	2,740	2,655	660	330	330	385	190	190
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,800	78,000	46,800	33,200	35,600	30,800	51,200	62,000	44,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,525	2,605	2,915	805	375	425	410	185	220
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,400	1,340	6,500	9,700	7,200	11,300	7,000	5,880	8,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	725	290	430	135	65	70	55	30	30
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,880	5,160	6,240	5,280	5,200	5,360	5,560	6,360	4,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,760	805	955	400	185	210	145	65	85
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,700	10,000	10,000	10,000	10,000	10,000	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	6,855	3,350	3,505	915	430	485	470	220	255
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,555	3,210	3,340	835	400	435	460	215	240
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	77,700	95,500	60,550	44,800	49,800	40,400	92,000	123,000	64,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,570	3,220	3,350	835	400	435	455	220	240
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	61,550	73,400	50,160	38,600	41,000	36,400	71,600	92,000	53,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,215	3,100	3,110	735	365	370	440	215	230
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	74,900	93,400	56,450	38,800	44,800	32,800	86,400	117,000	57,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,345	2,710	2,630	695	355	340	360	185	170
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	74,400	91,500	56,700	39,700	45,400	33,800	80,800	97,000	63,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,485	2,600	2,885	780	365	415	385	180	205
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,930	6,530	9,200	11,620	9,840	13,200	9,480	7,750	11,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	705	305	400	150	60	90	55	20	30
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,860	6,650	8,800	5,100	3,800	5,900	6,000	5,200	6,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,775	835	940	400	155	250	135	60	75
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,750	8,340	9,120	9,720	10,400	9,300	9,200	9,200	9,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	6,850	3,345	3,505	915	430	485	470	220	250
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,815	1,605	1,210	255	135	115	175	105	70
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	91,000	101,000	75,500	50,400	52,400	45,200	92,000	101,000	74,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	106,200	122,600	84,400	67,500	80,000	52,000	123,000	140,000	96,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,030	900	1,125	290	135	155	145	60	80
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,200	32,400	25,600	18,400	15,100	19,600	20,600	37,600	20,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	42,160	49,700	36,100	24,800	23,600	26,000	46,000	46,000	45,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	91.4	94.4	86.8	76.0	82.0	69.0	91.0	94.0	86.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	78.0	80.8	73.8	73.6	81.0	66.0	69.5	69.0	71.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	8.5	5.5	13.1	24.1	18.0	31.2	8.8	5.3	14.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.7	1.7	2.0	1.2	2.9	0.8	0.5	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.4	2.4	4.8	11.3	8.6	14.3	3.4	2.3	5.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.1	2.3	4.2	10.4	8.0	13.2	3.0	2.2	4.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	6,880	3,340	3,535	925	440	485	490	230	255
Without total income	325	145	180	55	25	30	5	0	5
With total income	6,550	3,195	3,355	870	415	455	480	230	245
Under $10,000 (including loss)	530	170	360	80	35	40	25	15	10
$10,000 to $19,999	435	170	270	100	45	50	30	10	20
$20,000 to $29,999	660	240	425	175	85	90	90	35	55
$30,000 to $39,999	585	220	365	150	55	90	50	25	25
$40,000 to $49,999	505	200	300	115	55	60	55	20	30
$50,000 to $59,999	500	215	285	80	35	40	30	10	20
$60,000 to $69,999	505	230	275	60	30	30	30	20	15
$70,000 to $79,999	395	205	190	40	25	15	25	15	10
$80,000 to $89,999	355	185	170	25	20	5	20	5	10
$90,000 to $99,999	355	190	160	20	10	5	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	1,720	1,180	545	35	20	10	120	70	50
$100,000 to $149,999	995	635	365	30	15	10	50	25	25
$150,000 and over	725	550	175	5	5	0	65	40	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	6,880	3,340	3,535	925	440	485	490	230	255
Without after-tax income	315	140	175	55	25	30	5	0	5
With after-tax income	6,560	3,195	3,365	870	415	455	480	230	245
Under $10,000 (including loss)	570	180	390	80	35	45	30	15	10
$10,000 to $19,999	465	180	290	100	50	50	30	10	25
$20,000 to $29,999	765	275	495	200	95	105	95	35	55
$30,000 to $39,999	670	270	400	160	65	100	60	30	35
$40,000 to $49,999	640	265	370	130	65	65	50	20	35
$50,000 to $59,999	665	300	365	80	40	40	50	25	20
$60,000 to $69,999	540	280	260	50	30	25	25	15	10
$70,000 to $79,999	475	260	215	35	25	10	25	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	445	235	210	10	0	5	30	10	15
$90,000 to $99,999	300	180	120	15	10	10	15	10	5
$100,000 and over	1,035	780	260	10	10	0	80	50	30
$100,000 to $124,999	435	310	130	5	5	0	30	15	15
$125,000 and over	605	470	135	5	5	0	50	35	20
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	6,880	3,340	3,535	925	440	485	490	230	255
Without employment income	1,480	600	885	260	110	155	105	45	65
With employment income	5,395	2,740	2,655	660	335	325	380	190	195
Under $5,000 (including loss)	505	210	300	75	40	35	45	15	25
$5,000 to $9,999	320	115	210	60	25	40	30	10	20
$10,000 to $19,999	485	170	315	80	40	45	35	15	20
$20,000 to $29,999	345	135	205	85	40	45	20	10	15
$30,000 to $39,999	320	135	180	75	35	35	25	10	15
$40,000 to $49,999	335	140	195	90	35	50	35	10	20
$50,000 to $59,999	340	145	190	65	40	30	20	10	15
$60,000 to $69,999	370	170	200	30	15	15	25	15	10
$70,000 to $79,999	300	165	140	30	15	15	20	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	300	150	150	20	15	0	10	0	10
$90,000 to $99,999	310	160	145	20	10	5	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	1,460	1,035	425	25	15	10	100	60	40
$100,000 to $124,999	565	340	220	20	10	10	25	20	10
$125,000 and over	895	690	200	10	5	0	75	45	30
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	6,875	3,335	3,540	920	440	480	485	235	255
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,445	3,135	3,310	845	405	440	470	230	245
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,600	82,000	47,600	31,600	36,400	30,000	50,800	62,800	42,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,450	3,135	3,315	845	405	440	470	230	245
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,200	67,000	42,000	29,600	32,400	28,000	44,800	53,600	38,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,145	3,050	3,100	725	355	370	440	215	225
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,600	82,000	45,600	32,400	38,000	30,200	51,200	62,400	42,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,405	2,740	2,665	660	330	330	375	185	190
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,200	82,000	47,200	34,800	40,400	31,600	54,400	65,500	42,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,165	2,485	2,680	745	350	395	380	175	205
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	980	890	2,400	1,080	970	3,020	990	890	1,060
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	515	185	330	55	30	25	30	10	20
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,000	4,920	9,800	7,350	5,440	8,900	8,800	x	9,100
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	6,855	3,350	3,505	915	430	485	470	220	255
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,445	3,170	3,275	815	400	415	455	215	240
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	82,600	105,100	60,850	40,200	42,000	38,400	86,400	110,000	65,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,450	3,170	3,285	815	400	415	460	215	240
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	64,400	79,800	49,560	34,300	34,600	34,000	66,400	84,000	51,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,140	3,045	3,090	710	350	360	435	205	230
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	82,600	106,400	59,200	40,400	44,000	37,200	84,800	111,000	62,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,370	2,730	2,645	675	335	340	365	180	190
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	80,900	102,200	59,000	41,900	45,000	39,000	76,000	89,000	64,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,110	2,485	2,620	735	365	370	365	170	200
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,892	3,436	6,275	5,710	4,500	6,880	5,820	4,560	6,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	540	215	325	65	40	25	30	0	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,080	6,950	12,160	6,800	7,200	6,000	12,000	...	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	6,850	3,345	3,505	915	430	485	470	220	250
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,770	1,580	1,185	255	135	115	170	100	70
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	90,000	100,000	75,000	49,600	46,400	52,400	95,000	97,000	80,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	113,500	136,400	83,000	63,600	74,000	51,000	107,000	118,000	92,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,980	885	1,090	260	105	150	145	60	85
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,600	44,000	29,200	22,400	22,400	20,800	36,000	43,200	32,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	50,600	59,000	43,700	29,000	27,600	30,000	56,000	54,000	58,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	95.4	97.4	91.8	87.2	90.0	84.0	95.0	96.0	92.0
Employment income (%)	81.6	83.6	78.2	85.6	89.0	82.0	71.0	67.0	77.0
Government transfers (%)	4.7	2.6	8.2	12.7	9.7	15.9	5.4	3.3	8.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.5	2.0	1.3	1.6	1.0	0.8	x	x
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,210	...	...	520	...	...	305	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	139,000	...	...	60,400	...	...	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	55,200	...	...	71,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	525	...	...	215	...	...	145	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	31,200	...	...	38,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,400	...	...	29,400	...	...	35,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,685	...	...	310	...	...	160	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	154,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	74,500	...	...	123,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,200	...	...	500	...	...	305	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	159,000	...	...	75,200	...	...	138,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	126,400	...	...	64,800	...	...	108,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	505	...	...	170	...	...	140	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	38,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	63,000	...	...	34,000	...	...	54,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,690	...	...	325	...	...	165	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	174,400	...	...	94,800	...	...	202,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	138,400	...	...	81,200	...	...	155,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,210	...	...	520	...	...	305	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	15	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...	45	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	35	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	25	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...	25	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	35	...	...	20	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	50	...	...	25	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	130	...	...	30	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	140	...	...	40	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	125	...	...	35	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	160	...	...	30	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	160	...	...	40	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,215	...	...	115	...	...	125	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	410	...	...	55	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	360	...	...	25	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	610	...	...	25	...	...	30	...	...
$200,000 and over	835	...	...	10	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,210	...	...	520	...	...	305	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	15	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...	45	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	45	...	...	35	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	30	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	45	...	...	30	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	55	...	...	35	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	70	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	170	...	...	45	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	160	...	...	50	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	185	...	...	40	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	230	...	...	30	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	200	...	...	35	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,900	...	...	80	...	...	115	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	475	...	...	45	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	430	...	...	20	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	995	...	...	15	...	...	65	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,620	...	...	285	...	...	155	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	154,000	...	...	81,000	...	...	151,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	73,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	850	...	...	85	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...	76,500	...	...	141,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	68,500	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,505	...	...	105	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	174,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	186,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,000	...	...	89,000	...	...	152,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	210	...	...	75	...	...	10	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	53,200	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	49,600	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	720	335	390	295	140	150	165	75	90
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	64,000	70,500	59,600	32,800	29,800	35,600	38,400	38,400	38,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	54,000	58,400	50,800	31,600	28,200	33,600	35,600	35,600	35,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,610	...	...	295	...	...	165	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	176,400	...	...	95,000	...	...	202,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	139,800	...	...	81,000	...	...	155,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	890	...	...	75	...	...	120	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	165,200	...	...	80,000	...	...	212,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	72,000	...	...	160,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,460	...	...	95	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	191,200	...	...	94,000	...	...	190,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	150,200	...	...	86,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	215	...	...	80	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	126,000	...	...	...	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	96,000	...	...	...	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	695	295	400	260	110	150	140	55	85
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	70,000	70,500	69,600	35,600	35,500	35,500	65,000	84,000	54,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,900	57,600	56,400	32,400	31,600	32,500	54,000	68,000	45,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	9,200	4,535	4,665	1,115	555	560	565	280	280
0 to 17 years	2,635	1,345	1,290	230	135	95	85	50	30
0 to 5 years	945	490	460	90	55	35	35	25	10
18 to 64 years	5,850	2,860	2,990	815	390	425	390	195	200
65 years and over	715	335	380	70	30	35	90	35	50
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	425	205	220	260	135	120	70	35	35
0 to 17 years	135	75	65	70	45	25	10	5	5
0 to 5 years	45	25	20	30	20	5	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	245	120	125	170	85	90	40	25	20
65 years and over	35	10	25	20	10	10	20	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.6	4.6	4.6	23.0	24.4	21.6	12.4	13.0	12.0
0 to 17 years (%)	5.3	5.6	4.8	29.0	32.0	24.0	10.0	12.0	x
0 to 5 years (%)	5.2	5.6	4.8	32.0	32.0	30.0	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	4.2	4.2	4.3	21.0	21.2	20.8	10.8	11.0	11.0
65 years and over (%)	5.2	3.6	6.4	28.0	32.0	28.0	20.0	20.0	20.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	9,200	4,535	4,665	1,115	555	565	565	285	285
0 to 17 years	2,635	1,345	1,290	230	130	100	85	50	30
0 to 5 years	940	485	455	85	60	30	35	30	5
18 to 64 years	5,850	2,855	2,995	815	390	425	395	195	200
65 years and over	715	330	385	70	35	35	90	35	55
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	265	140	130	145	80	65	40	15	20
0 to 17 years	85	50	35	30	20	10	10	0	5
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	15	10	5	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	165	80	85	115	55	55	25	15	10
65 years and over	10	5	10	5	0	5	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.9	3.0	2.7	13.0	14.0	12.4	6.8	6.0	7.6
0 to 17 years (%)	3.3	3.8	2.6	13.0	14.0	10.0	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	3.2	3.6	2.8	18.0	18.0	20.0	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	2.8	2.8	2.8	13.8	14.4	13.2	7.2	7.0	7.0
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.2	2.0	x	x	x	6.0	x	8.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	9,200	4,535	4,665	1,115	555	560	565	280	285
In bottom half of the distribution	2,535	1,220	1,310	780	385	395	215	105	110
In bottom decile	370	180	185	215	115	105	60	30	30
In second decile	405	180	225	135	60	70	45	20	20
In third decile	475	215	260	155	60	90	40	20	15
In fourth decile	610	305	310	155	85	70	50	25	25
In fifth decile	680	340	335	125	65	60	30	10	15
In top half of the distribution	6,665	3,310	3,355	330	165	165	355	180	170
In sixth decile	760	375	385	120	55	65	35	20	20
In seventh decile	930	450	485	100	55	50	50	30	25
In eighth decile	1,260	645	615	50	30	20	55	30	25
In ninth decile	1,615	810	805	35	15	15	55	20	30
In top decile	2,095	1,030	1,070	25	15	15	155	80	80
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	9,200	...	...	1,115	...	...	565	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.315	...	...	0.334	...	...	0.474	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.369	...	...	0.482	...	...	0.544	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.280	...	...	0.299	...	...	0.408	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5	...	...	3.8	...	...	6.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	9,200	4,535	4,665	1,115	555	565	590	300	290
English only	8,600	4,260	4,340	1,010	505	505	520	265	255
French only	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	470	215	250	70	30	35	70	35	40
Neither English nor French	125	50	75	35	20	15	0	0	0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	9,200	4,535	4,665	1,115	555	565	590	300	290
English	8,920	4,400	4,525	1,065	525	540	580	290	290
French	120	65	50	20	10	10	10	5	0
English and French	30	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	125	50	75	30	15	15	0	0	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	9,200	4,535	4,665	1,115	555	565	590	300	290
Single responses	8,855	4,370	4,490	965	475	495	580	295	285
Official languages	6,805	3,405	3,400	605	295	310	535	280	260
English	6,685	3,340	3,340	585	280	305	525	265	260
French	125	65	55	20	10	10	10	10	0
Non-official languages	2,055	960	1,090	360	180	185	40	20	25
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,055	960	1,090	355	175	180	40	20	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	90	45	50	35	20	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	90	40	45	30	15	15	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	80	35	40	20	15	10	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	20	25	5	0	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	15	25	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	350	150	195	195	90	105	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	5	15	20	5	10	0	0	0
Indonesian	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	305	135	175	155	70	85	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	55	25	30	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	15	0	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,055	515	535	70	40	30	30	10	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	260	125	130	20	10	10	5	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	260	125	130	20	10	10	5	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	80	35	50	5	5	0	0	0	0
Russian	110	55	50	10	0	5	5	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	15	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	50	25	20	0	0	0	5	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	15	10	10	0	0	0	5	0	5
German	15	10	10	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	20	15	0	0	0	5	5	0
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	15	10	0	0	0	5	5	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	350	175	175	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	345	170	170	15	5	5	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	50	20	25	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	60	35	25	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	65	25	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	90	45	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	5	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	60	35	25	10	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	5	5	5	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	5	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	385	185	200	30	20	15	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	5	15	5	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	55	35	20	5	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	295	135	160	15	10	5	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	15	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	105	50	55	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	15	20	5	5	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	260	120	140	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages	255	125	135	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	185	90	100	5	5	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	60	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	10	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	340	165	175	150	80	70	10	0	10
English and French	15	10	10	0	0	0	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	285	140	150	130	70	55	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	30	10	15	20	10	5	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	9,200	4,535	4,665	1,115	555	565	590	300	290
English	6,850	3,400	3,450	600	290	310	535	280	260
French	20	10	10	5	5	5	0	0	0
Non-official language	600	290	310	85	45	40	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	600	290	310	85	45	40	0	0	0
English and French	70	40	30	10	5	0	10	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	1,575	760	815	385	195	185	35	15	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	40	10	25	30	15	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	9,200	4,535	4,665	1,115	555	565	590	300	290
Single responses	8,835	4,350	4,485	1,000	485	515	590	295	290
Official languages	7,615	3,760	3,850	725	345	375	580	295	285
English	7,575	3,740	3,840	720	345	375	580	295	285
French	40	20	15	5	5	5	5	0	0
Non-official languages	1,220	585	630	270	140	130	5	0	5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,220	585	630	270	140	130	5	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	25	30	30	20	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	55	25	30	25	20	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	45	20	25	15	15	5	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	225	105	120	145	70	80	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	215	100	110	130	55	70	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	20	20	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	585	290	295	55	30	25	5	0	5
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	130	70	60	15	10	5	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	130	70	60	15	10	5	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	75	40	35	5	10	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	210	105	105	20	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	200	100	105	15	5	5	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	30	10	20	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	20	20	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	25	20	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	5	5	5	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	5	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	240	110	125	20	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	10	5	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	20	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	205	100	110	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	15	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	95	45	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	160	75	85	10	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages	160	75	85	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	125	65	65	5	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	5	10	0	0	0	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	5	10	0	0	0	5	0	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	370	185	180	115	65	45	5	5	0
English and French	15	5	5	10	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	350	180	175	105	60	45	5	5	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	9,200	4,530	4,665	1,115	555	560	590	300	290
None	7,755	3,845	3,910	790	395	395	545	280	265
English	510	250	255	135	65	65	0	0	0
French	55	30	30	0	0	0	10	5	5
Non-official language	710	320	390	150	65	80	25	10	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	710	320	390	140	65	75	25	10	15
English and French	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	85	40	45	30	15	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	5	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	60	30	25	10	10	5	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	9,215	4,560	4,660	1,080	545	535	545	260	290
Official languages	9,110	4,520	4,595	1,060	530	525	545	260	290
English	9,110	4,520	4,595	1,060	530	525	545	260	290
French	420	205	220	80	30	50	85	30	50
Non-official languages	2,695	1,290	1,405	535	285	250	105	40	65
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,695	1,290	1,405	535	285	250	105	40	65
Afro-Asiatic languages	185	95	95	60	45	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	185	95	95	60	45	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	135	65	75	45	35	10	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	495	225	270	325	165	165	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	15	10	20	20	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	50	30	25	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	480	220	260	325	165	160	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	110	45	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,480	710	765	115	60	55	90	40	55
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	340	165	170	30	15	10	10	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	340	165	170	30	15	10	10	0	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	85	30	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	180	110	75	20	15	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	60	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	70	50	20	15	15	0	35	15	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	40	35	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
German	40	35	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	40	30	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	500	240	260	25	0	25	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	475	230	250	20	0	15	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	75	30	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	90	55	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	240	115	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	120	55	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	130	65	65	15	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	590	260	330	45	25	15	40	20	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	15	10	15	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	30	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	510	225	285	20	15	10	30	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	30	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	105	45	60	35	10	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	340	195	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	340	195	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	275	150	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	70	45	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,215	4,555	4,660	1,080	550	530	545	260	290
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	295	155	135	65	35	30	15	10	10
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	270	145	125	65	35	30	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	75	40	35	55	30	25	10	0	0
Métis	190	105	85	15	0	10	10	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	8,925	4,405	4,520	1,015	515	500	530	250	280
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,215	4,555	4,660	1,080	550	530	545	260	290
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	70	45	30	45	25	20	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,150	4,515	4,630	1,035	520	515	545	250	290
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,200	...	...	500	...	...	305	...	...
Owner	2,925	...	...	55	...	...	150	...	...
Renter	275	...	...	445	...	...	155	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,200	...	...	500	...	...	305	...	...
Condominium	780	...	...	135	...	...	55	...	...
Not condominium	2,420	...	...	365	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,200	...	...	500	...	...	305	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	40	...	...	185	...	...	95	...	...
2 bedrooms	695	...	...	200	...	...	90	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,445	...	...	80	...	...	75	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,020	...	...	30	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,200	...	...	500	...	...	305	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	685	...	...	365	...	...	115	...	...
5 rooms	490	...	...	55	...	...	65	...	...
6 rooms	570	...	...	35	...	...	35	...	...
7 rooms	405	...	...	15	...	...	50	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,045	...	...	30	...	...	35	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	4.0	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,200	...	...	500	...	...	305	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,125	...	...	460	...	...	305	...	...
More than one person per room	80	...	...	40	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,200	...	...	500	...	...	305	...	...
Suitable	3,125	...	...	410	...	...	305	...	...
Not suitable	75	...	...	95	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,200	...	...	500	...	...	305	...	...
1960 or before	15	...	...	75	...	...	170	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...	195	...	...	25	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	40	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	35	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	20	...	...	30	...	...	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	310	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,780	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,050	...	...	120	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,200	...	...	500	...	...	305	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,195	...	...	490	...	...	290	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...	15	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,200	...	...	500	...	...	305	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,155	...	...	280	...	...	170	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,935	...	...	190	...	...	130	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	120	...	...	30	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,200	...	...	500	...	...	305	...	...
15 to 24 years	40	...	...	55	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	590	...	...	120	...	...	95	...	...
35 to 44 years	975	...	...	145	...	...	70	...	...
45 to 54 years	735	...	...	70	...	...	35	...	...
55 to 64 years	470	...	...	55	...	...	30	...	...
65 to 74 years	295	...	...	35	...	...	45	...	...
75 to 84 years	95	...	...	20	...	...	25	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,185	...	...	490	...	...	305	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,645	...	...	325	...	...	200	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	545	...	...	165	...	...	105	...	...
30% to less than 100%	495	...	...	155	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,200	...	...	500	...	...	305	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	605	...	...	245	...	...	115	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	525	...	...	145	...	...	95	...	...
Not suitable only	60	...	...	75	...	...	0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,595	...	...	255	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,135	...	...	480	...	...	290	...	...
In core need	125	...	...	115	...	...	45	...	...
Not in core need	3,005	...	...	360	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,925	...	...	55	...	...	145	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	81.9	...	...	63.6	...	...	58.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.1	...	...	0.0	...	...	24.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.8	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,240	...	...	1,980	...	...	1,860	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,306	...	...	1,650	...	...	2,280	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	552,000	...	...	460,000	...	...	800,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	583,500	...	...	460,000	...	...	880,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	270	...	...	450	...	...	160	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	16.7	...	...	18.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	38.9	...	...	36.8	...	...	43.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.0	...	...	27.4	...	...	27.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,860	...	...	1,240	...	...	1,350	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,840	...	...	1,236	...	...	1,320	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	9,220	4,560	4,655	1,080	545	535	550	255	290
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	60	40	20	45	25	20	10	10	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	60	40	20	45	25	20	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	40	20	15	45	25	20	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	255	125	130	20	0	10	15	0	10
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	255	125	130	20	0	10	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	165	80	80	20	0	10	15	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	95	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,900	4,395	4,505	1,020	515	500	520	245	275
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	9,220	4,560	4,660	1,080	545	535	545	255	290
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	8,620	4,295	4,325	735	365	370	510	240	265
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,555	1,315	1,245	150	105	45	75	40	35
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,060	2,980	3,080	590	260	330	430	200	235
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	600	265	330	345	180	160	40	20	20
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	9,220	4,560	4,660	1,080	545	535	545	255	290
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	6,625	3,335	3,290	570	285	280	475	230	245
Immigrants⁸¹	2,550	1,210	1,345	485	240	240	50	10	40
Before 1980	175	50	120	10	10	0	15	0	10
1980 to 1990	205	120	90	20	10	0	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	345	160	185	40	20	20	10	0	10
2001 to 2010	880	430	450	95	35	60	10	0	10
2011 to 2021⁸²	950	445	505	315	165	155	20	10	10
2011 to 2015	585	265	315	100	60	45	15	10	0
2016 to 2021	365	180	185	215	110	110	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	40	15	25	25	15	10	20	15	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,555	1,205	1,345	480	240	240	50	15	35
Under 5 years	280	130	145	25	15	10	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	390	205	185	105	50	55	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	450	160	290	75	40	35	10	0	0
25 to 44 years	1,235	605	635	240	125	120	25	0	25
45 years and over	200	100	100	40	20	20	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,555	1,205	1,345	480	240	240	50	15	35
Americas	470	210	260	25	15	15	15	0	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	65	20	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	65	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	150	75	80	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	150	70	80	15	10	10	0	0	0
Europe	560	255	310	30	20	10	25	10	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	25	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	15	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	25	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	85	40	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	200	80	120	10	10	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	80	40	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	170	75	95	75	50	25	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	50	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	20	20	45	35	15	0	0	0
Asia	1,320	640	680	360	165	190	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	185	75	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	40	30	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	500	245	255	310	145	170	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	280	145	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	65	40	30	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	100	50	50	25	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	35	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	365	180	185	220	110	110	0	0	0
Americas	65	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	90	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	35	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	40	20	25	25	10	15	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Asia	160	80	80	185	90	95	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	20	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	55	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	35	20	10	165	75	90	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	9,215	4,560	4,660	1,080	550	535	545	260	290
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,665	1,260	1,410	515	260	255	80	30	50
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,855	995	865	195	115	80	115	40	75
Third generation or more¹⁰²	4,690	2,305	2,385	370	175	195	350	185	165
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,380	1,155	1,225	470	230	240	35	10	25
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,560	785	775	320	135	185	15	0	15
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	595	385	210	105	45	65	10	0	10
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	965	400	560	210	95	120	10	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	535	230	305	90	50	40	20	10	10
Refugees¹⁰⁸	280	135	145	65	45	20	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,380	1,155	1,225	470	230	240	35	10	25
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	130	80	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	325	135	185	115	45	70	10	0	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	70	35	30	15	0	10	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	135	75	65	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,715	830	885	325	175	150	20	10	10
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	9,215	4,555	4,660	1,080	550	530	545	260	290
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,880	1,400	1,480	580	310	270	55	15	40
South Asian	705	330	375	20	0	15	15	0	0
Chinese	445	240	210	0	0	0	10	0	10
Black	255	120	140	90	55	30	0	0	0
Filipino	670	350	320	360	175	185	10	0	10
Arab	155	70	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin American	380	165	215	10	0	0	10	0	10
Southeast Asian	110	55	50	50	25	25	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	35	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	70	30	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	6,335	3,160	3,175	500	235	265	490	245	250
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	9,215	4,560	4,660	1,080	545	535	545	255	285
Canadian	1,160	630	530	160	75	85	55	35	20
English	1,750	875	875	80	35	50	185	90	95
Irish	1,365	655	710	65	30	35	125	45	80
Scottish	1,330	615	715	100	40	55	155	75	75
French, n.o.s.¹²²	685	270	415	65	30	35	75	30	45
German	1,085	565	515	50	20	30	145	55	100
Chinese	435	225	210	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italian	280	120	160	15	0	10	15	0	10
Indian (India)	395	190	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	650	330	320	55	25	25	35	25	10
Dutch	330	160	170	55	20	30	15	0	15
Polish	380	150	230	20	10	10	25	0	20
Québécois	20	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	445	215	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Filipino	620	335	285	300	150	145	10	0	10
French Canadian	70	30	40	15	10	0	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	135	75	60	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	95	40	50	30	20	10	0	0	0
Métis	110	60	50	0	0	0	10	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	235	115	120	25	10	15	30	20	15
Russian	290	165	125	0	0	0	15	0	10
Norwegian	340	140	205	10	0	0	25	20	10
Welsh	125	60	70	0	0	0	35	15	10
Portuguese	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
American	120	55	70	0	0	0	20	0	20
Spanish	195	115	85	25	15	10	0	0	0
Swedish	85	45	40	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hungarian	120	60	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	120	55	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	55	30	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	40	30	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	55	45	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	100	35	60	60	25	30	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	50	35	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	100	60	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	80	60	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	95	60	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	15	10	15	10	0	10	20	10	10
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	40	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	60	20	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	80	35	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	80	35	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	70	15	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	25	15	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lankan	25	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	60	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	15	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	85	45	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	30	10	10	15	10	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	45	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	90	45	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	65	40	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	80	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	55	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	45	10	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	45	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	30	15	15	35	20	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	25	0	20	0	0	0	10	0	10
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	35	0	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	30	10	25	20	10	10	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	35	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	40	35	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	110	60	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	145	65	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	40	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	25	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	9,215	4,555	4,655	1,080	550	530	545	260	290
Buddhist	60	25	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian	4,885	2,285	2,600	665	330	335	155	70	80
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	925	435	490	100	40	60	15	10	0
Anabaptist	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	200	90	115	0	0	0	20	15	0
Baptist	55	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	2,350	1,100	1,250	520	275	245	60	30	30
Christian Orthodox	110	55	55	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jehovah's Witness	50	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	195	90	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	60	25	45	0	0	0	10	0	10
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	95	55	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	75	40	30	15	0	15	0	0	0
Reformed	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	380	150	230	10	0	0	15	0	15
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	345	175	170	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hindu	240	125	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	345	160	185	85	50	35	10	0	0
Sikh	110	55	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	45	25	20	0	0	0	10	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	3,505	1,875	1,640	305	155	145	370	170	200
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	9,085	4,505	4,585	1,075	540	535	540	255	285
Non-movers	7,745	3,840	3,910	640	350	290	425	215	210
Movers	1,340	665	675	440	195	245	120	45	75
Non-migrants	940	490	455	335	135	195	105	40	65
Migrants	395	175	220	105	55	50	10	0	10
Internal migrants	300	140	165	90	50	40	10	0	10
Intraprovincial migrants	80	45	40	30	15	15	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	220	95	130	65	35	30	10	0	10
External migrants	95	40	55	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	8,440	4,165	4,270	1,010	485	525	515	235	280
Non-movers	4,425	2,225	2,200	275	145	130	255	125	130
Movers	4,015	1,945	2,070	735	340	390	260	110	150
Non-migrants	2,780	1,350	1,430	415	175	240	150	60	90
Migrants	1,235	590	645	320	170	150	110	50	60
Internal migrants	965	465	500	150	95	60	100	45	55
Intraprovincial migrants	490	260	230	90	55	35	40	0	35
Interprovincial migrants	480	205	270	65	35	25	65	40	20
External migrants	265	125	145	170	75	90	0	0	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,850	3,345	3,505	915	430	485	470	220	255
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	640	330	305	160	80	75	25	10	15
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,215	3,015	3,205	755	345	410	445	210	235
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,335	2,630	2,710	625	295	335	365	170	195
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	280	155	125	65	40	25	10	10	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,055	2,470	2,590	560	255	305	345	165	190
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,855	3,350	3,505	915	430	485	470	215	255
No certificate, diploma or degree	545	290	260	150	85	65	20	10	15
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,615	770	845	265	140	125	95	60	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,690	2,285	2,405	495	205	290	355	150	205
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,020	1,065	955	275	115	165	105	35	65
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	475	390	80	70	45	25	20	15	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	140	100	40	40	25	15	10	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	330	295	40	30	25	10	15	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,275	555	720	160	50	110	70	20	50
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	270	120	150	45	15	30	15	0	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,670	1,220	1,450	225	95	130	245	115	130
Bachelor's degree	1,890	830	1,060	185	80	105	135	60	85
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	140	55	85	10	10	0	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	25	15	0	0	0	15	0	15
Master's degree	545	280	270	30	10	20	60	35	25
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	55	30	25	0	0	0	20	15	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,340	2,625	2,710	630	295	335	360	170	190
No certificate, diploma or degree	205	120	85	55	35	20	10	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	995	505	490	155	85	70	80	55	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,135	1,995	2,135	415	170	250	270	110	165
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,765	945	820	225	90	130	85	30	55
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	420	350	70	50	35	15	15	15	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	110	80	30	25	20	10	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	310	270	35	25	15	10	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,120	490	635	135	45	90	60	20	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	220	110	115	35	15	20	10	0	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,375	1,050	1,320	195	75	115	185	80	110
Bachelor's degree	1,665	715	945	165	70	95	95	35	65
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	125	45	80	15	10	0	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	25	15	0	0	0	10	0	0
Master's degree	505	250	255	20	0	20	50	25	25
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	15	25	0	0	0	20	15	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,855	3,350	3,505	920	430	485	470	215	250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,165	1,060	1,100	415	220	190	120	70	50
Education	295	75	220	20	0	20	20	0	15
13. Education	295	75	220	20	0	20	20	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125	55	75	15	0	10	35	10	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	120	45	75	15	0	10	35	10	30
Humanities	155	50	100	15	15	0	15	0	15
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	35	0	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	10	25	10	0	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	485	150	330	55	25	30	40	15	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55	10	45	10	10	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	60	0	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	95	40	55	15	0	10	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	100	25	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	155	75	85	20	10	10	20	0	15
Business, management and public administration	1,260	570	685	125	30	100	85	35	55
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	45	0	45	0	0	0	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,205	570	635	125	30	95	80	35	50
Physical and life sciences and technologies	185	80	105	10	0	0	35	30	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	25	30	0	0	0	15	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	10	35	0	0	0	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	85	50	35	0	0	0	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	205	140	65	20	10	15	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	175	115	60	20	10	15	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,050	910	140	105	90	10	40	40	0
04. Architecture and related services	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	425	345	75	55	50	10	15	15	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	245	215	30	10	10	0	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	165	160	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	135	125	10	20	20	0	10	10	0
48. Precision production	50	50	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	20	25	0	0	0	10	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Health and related fields	720	120	600	90	20	70	45	10	35
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	675	100	575	90	20	70	35	0	35
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	170	120	55	40	15	30	10	0	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	75	35	40	30	0	30	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	65	50	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,335	2,625	2,710	625	295	330	360	170	195
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,200	630	570	215	125	85	90	60	25
Education	230	45	185	25	0	25	10	0	10
13. Education	230	45	185	25	0	25	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	50	60	10	0	0	35	0	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	105	40	60	10	0	0	35	0	30
Humanities	115	30	85	15	15	0	10	0	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	0	25	10	0	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	410	125	285	45	25	20	25	0	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	10	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	55	0	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	85	35	55	15	0	10	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	85	15	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	120	60	60	15	10	0	20	0	10
Business, management and public administration	1,115	490	625	110	25	90	65	30	40
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	0	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,075	490	580	110	25	85	65	30	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	170	65	105	0	0	0	25	15	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	25	30	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	10	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	65	30	30	0	0	0	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	185	125	60	15	0	10	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	160	110	50	15	0	10	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	970	830	140	85	80	10	30	25	0
04. Architecture and related services	35	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	390	310	75	50	45	10	10	10	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	240	210	35	15	0	0	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	150	145	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	110	100	10	10	10	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	20	25	0	0	0	10	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	0
Health and related fields	635	110	525	80	15	65	40	10	35
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	595	95	500	80	15	65	35	0	30
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	150	110	40	35	10	25	10	0	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	60	30	30	25	0	25	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	65	50	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,335	2,625	2,710	625	295	330	360	170	195
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,200	630	570	215	125	85	90	60	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,135	2,000	2,140	415	165	250	275	105	165
Location of study inside Canada	3,055	1,475	1,580	215	85	135	240	100	140
Same as province or territory of residence	2,070	1,005	1,065	175	65	110	150	60	85
Different than province or territory of residence	980	465	515	45	15	25	90	35	55
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,080	525	560	200	90	110	30	15	20
Americas	300	185	115	25	10	15	10	10	0
United States of America	175	130	50	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mexico	25	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	55	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	220	110	110	0	0	0	15	0	15
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	40	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	120	75	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	70	35	35	35	20	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	30	20	10	15	10	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	15	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	455	165	290	145	60	85	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	200	70	130	145	60	85	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	135	60	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	35	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	6,855	3,350	3,505	915	430	485	470	215	255
In the labour force	5,170	2,715	2,455	615	295	320	335	170	170
Employed	4,705	2,460	2,240	535	250	280	305	155	155
Unemployed	470	250	210	80	45	35	30	10	20
Not in the labour force	1,685	630	1,050	305	135	170	135	50	85
Participation rate	75.4	81.0	70.0	67.2	68.6	66.0	71.3	79.1	66.7
Employment rate	68.6	73.4	63.9	58.5	58.1	57.7	64.9	72.1	60.8
Unemployment rate	9.1	9.2	8.6	13.0	15.3	10.9	9.0	5.9	11.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	6,855	3,350	3,505	920	430	485	470	215	250
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,720	660	1,060	340	140	200	145	50	95
Worked	5,135	2,685	2,445	570	290	285	330	165	155
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,945	1,690	1,250	270	150	120	175	105	70
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,190	995	1,195	305	140	165	150	65	90
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	43.1	41.4	40.6	41.0	40.2	40.7	41.6	40.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,170	2,715	2,455	615	300	320	335	165	165
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110	55	50	20	0	15	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,060	2,660	2,405	600	290	305	335	165	165
Employee	4,255	2,175	2,080	570	275	290	240	125	120
Permanent position	3,725	1,935	1,790	455	235	220	220	110	110
Temporary position	530	240	290	110	40	70	20	15	10
Fixed term (1 year or more)	195	70	125	45	15	30	0	0	0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	335	170	165	65	25	40	15	0	10
Self-employed¹⁹²	805	480	325	30	15	15	95	40	50
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,170	2,715	2,455	615	300	320	335	165	165
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110	55	50	20	0	15	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,060	2,660	2,405	600	290	305	335	165	165
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	80	60	25	0	0	0	30	15	15
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,080	315	765	75	20	55	60	25	35
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	665	465	195	25	20	0	45	25	15
3 Health occupations	500	70	425	40	0	40	30	10	25
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	510	220	295	60	20	40	35	20	15
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	120	60	60	15	10	0	25	0	20
6 Sales and service occupations	1,075	540	535	250	90	155	70	35	40
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	805	725	75	85	85	0	20	15	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	90	75	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	130	115	20	40	30	10	15	10	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,170	2,715	2,455	615	300	320	335	165	165
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110	55	50	20	0	15	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	5,060	2,660	2,405	600	290	305	335	165	165
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	280	205	80	15	0	10	35	20	20
22 Utilities	55	45	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	570	460	110	45	35	15	15	15	0
31-33 Manufacturing	205	155	55	40	40	0	15	15	0
41 Wholesale trade	250	180	75	0	0	0	20	20	0
44-45 Retail trade	470	240	230	90	30	60	15	0	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	305	210	90	30	30	0	15	0	10
51 Information and cultural industries	120	75	45	0	0	0	15	0	15
52 Finance and insurance	210	85	120	10	0	10	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	85	35	50	0	0	0	10	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	610	345	265	55	30	30	50	25	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	0	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	155	80	70	35	15	20	25	15	15
61 Educational services	285	75	205	25	10	15	30	10	20
62 Health care and social assistance	710	105	605	80	15	70	35	10	30
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	80	35	45	10	0	0	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	200	90	115	85	45	40	25	10	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	200	80	120	40	25	20	20	15	15
91 Public administration	215	135	75	10	0	10	15	15	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,390	2,795	2,595	670	335	335	360	180	180
English	5,205	2,715	2,495	625	305	315	340	165	175
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	35	15	20	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	15	20	10	10	0	0	0	0
English and French	35	15	20	20	10	0	15	15	0
English and non-official language(s)	110	50	55	25	15	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,390	2,795	2,595	670	335	335	360	180	180
Single responses	5,370	2,785	2,585	655	330	325	360	180	180
Official languages	5,325	2,760	2,560	645	320	325	360	180	180
English	5,310	2,755	2,550	645	320	325	360	180	180
French	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	50	25	25	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	50	25	25	10	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	10	15	10	10	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,390	2,795	2,595	670	335	335	360	180	180
None	5,260	2,740	2,525	645	320	330	340	165	175
English	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	25	15	10	20	10	0	15	15	0
Non-official language	65	30	40	15	10	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	65	30	40	15	10	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,705	2,465	2,240	540	250	285	305	155	150
Worked at home	1,425	695	725	60	20	35	115	60	55
Worked outside Canada	35	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	570	445	130	65	30	25	20	20	0
Usual place of work	2,680	1,300	1,380	415	195	225	175	75	95
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,680	1,300	1,380	415	195	220	175	80	95
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,365	1,130	1,230	395	185	205	165	70	90
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	225	105	115	20	10	10	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	65	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,250	1,745	1,510	475	230	245	190	100	90
Car, truck or van	3,030	1,640	1,390	320	180	145	155	80	80
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,865	1,600	1,265	285	160	125	155	80	70
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	165	40	125	35	15	15	0	0	0
Public transit	70	15	55	100	40	65	0	0	0
Walked	50	20	20	30	10	20	15	0	10
Bicycle	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	80	50	35	15	0	15	10	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,250	1,745	1,510	475	230	245	190	100	90
Less than 15 minutes	625	260	370	150	65	85	55	20	35
15 to 29 minutes	1,510	850	665	200	115	85	100	50	45
30 to 44 minutes	850	475	375	60	30	35	35	25	10
45 to 59 minutes	170	95	70	20	15	0	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	100	65	30	45	15	35	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,250	1,745	1,510	475	230	245	190	100	90
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	245	190	55	20	15	0	15	0	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	740	435	310	85	45	35	20	10	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	865	460	405	110	55	55	70	45	25
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	625	320	305	55	35	25	50	35	20
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	350	120	225	90	20	70	25	10	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	430	220	210	115	55	60	0	0	0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,660	1,360	1,300	235	135	100	80	55	35
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	180	95	85	25	15	15	10	10	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,485	1,265	1,220	210	120	90	70	45	25
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,835	935	900	155	85	75	50	25	20
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	130	75	60	20	5	10	5	5	0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	60	35	25	10	5	5	0	0	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	75	35	35	10	0	10	5	5	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,705	865	845	135	75	60	40	20	20

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not applicable
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suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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