Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062561More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48060627More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48060282More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	9,200	...	...	644	...	...	1,441	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	3,281	...	...	397	...	...	645	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,209	...	...	362	...	...	604	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,350.1	...	...	1,768.3	...	...	2,473.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3.91	...	...	0.36	...	...	0.58	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	9,200	4,535	4,665	645	330	315	1,440	645	795
0 to 14 years	2,325	1,195	1,125	50	25	25	145	75	70
0 to 4 years	755	380	370	15	10	10	40	25	15
5 to 9 years	840	430	410	15	10	10	50	20	25
10 to 14 years	730	380	350	15	5	5	55	25	25
15 to 64 years	6,165	3,010	3,155	515	270	250	740	360	375
15 to 19 years	470	230	240	15	10	10	55	25	30
20 to 24 years	315	145	170	35	15	25	75	30	40
25 to 29 years	480	230	250	85	45	45	95	55	35
30 to 34 years	810	390	425	115	60	55	85	35	45
35 to 39 years	935	440	500	65	40	25	85	40	45
40 to 44 years	960	480	480	40	20	15	45	25	20
45 to 49 years	745	400	345	40	15	25	70	40	35
50 to 54 years	545	280	270	45	25	20	65	25	40
55 to 59 years	455	215	240	40	25	15	80	35	50
60 to 64 years	445	210	235	35	15	15	85	45	45
65 years and over	715	335	380	75	35	40	555	210	350
65 to 69 years	310	145	170	40	15	20	90	30	55
70 to 74 years	240	105	130	20	15	10	110	45	65
75 to 79 years	125	60	65	10	5	5	75	30	50
80 to 84 years	30	15	10	5	0	0	105	40	65
85 years and over	10	5	5	5	0	0	185	65	125
85 to 89 years	10	5	10	5	0	5	130	50	80
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	25.3	26.4	24.1	7.8	7.6	7.9	10.1	11.6	8.8
15 to 64 years	67.0	66.4	67.6	79.8	81.8	79.4	51.4	55.8	47.2
65 years and over	7.8	7.4	8.1	11.6	10.6	12.7	38.5	32.6	44.0
85 years and over	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.8	0.0	0.0	12.8	10.1	15.7
Average age of the population	34.4	34.1	34.8	40.1	40.2	40.0	52.5	49.1	55.3
Median age of the population	36.0	36.0	36.0	36.0	36.8	35.6	56.0	49.6	59.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,205	...	...	360	...	...	605	...	...
Single-detached house	2,195	...	...	90	...	...	250	...	...
Semi-detached house	265	...	...	30	...	...	15	...	...
Row house	435	...	...	10	...	...	120	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...	95	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	310	...	...	135	...	...	185	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,210	...	...	365	...	...	605	...	...
1 person	525	...	...	170	...	...	210	...	...
2 persons	1,015	...	...	130	...	...	245	...	...
3 persons	565	...	...	40	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	715	...	...	15	...	...	65	...	...
5 or more persons	390	...	...	5	...	...	30	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,200	4,530	4,670	640	330	310	1,285	605	680
Average household size	2.9	...	...	1.8	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	6,880	3,340	3,535	595	305	295	1,295	570	730
Married or living common-law	4,930	2,470	2,465	300	155	150	735	365	370
Married	4,310	2,155	2,155	175	90	90	655	325	325
Living common-law	625	320	310	120	60	60	80	40	40
Living common law - Never married	465	230	230	95	50	50	60	25	30
Living common law - Separated	25	10	15	5	0	5	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	125	70	55	20	10	10	20	10	5
Living common law - Widowed	10	5	10	5	0	5	5	0	5
Not married and not living common-law	1,945	870	1,075	300	155	145	560	200	360
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,365	690	675	235	125	105	380	150	230
Not married and not living common law - Separated	115	55	65	15	5	10	20	10	10
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	335	100	235	40	15	25	65	25	40
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	130	20	110	10	0	5	95	15	75
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,675	...	...	165	...	...	375	...	...
2 persons	1,070	...	...	120	...	...	240	...	...
3 persons	570	...	...	30	...	...	55	...	...
4 persons	755	...	...	15	...	...	65	...	...
5 or more persons	275	...	...	5	...	...	20	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.5	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,675	...	...	165	...	...	380	...	...
Total couple families	2,450	...	...	150	...	...	335	...	...
Married couples	2,135	...	...	85	...	...	300	...	...
With children⁶	1,385	...	...	35	...	...	105	...	...
Without children	750	...	...	55	...	...	190	...	...
Common-law couples	310	...	...	60	...	...	40	...	...
With children⁶	120	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
Without children	190	...	...	50	...	...	30	...	...
Total one-parent families	225	...	...	15	...	...	40	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	170	...	...	10	...	...	35	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	55	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	9,200	4,530	4,665	640	330	310	1,285	605	680
Total - Persons in census families	8,310	4,140	4,170	390	205	190	995	495	500
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,895	2,455	2,445	290	145	145	670	335	340
Parents in one-parent families	225	55	170	20	5	10	45	10	30
Children⁶	3,190	1,630	1,560	80	50	35	280	150	130
In a two-parent family	2,845	1,455	1,385	60	35	25	220	120	95
In a one-parent family	345	175	175	25	15	5	60	30	30
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	890	395	495	245	125	115	290	110	185
Living alone	525	230	300	175	80	90	205	65	145
Living with other relatives⁷	170	60	105	10	0	5	35	15	20
Living with non-relatives only	200	105	90	65	40	20	40	30	15
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,210	...	...	365	...	...	605	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,370	...	...	155	...	...	340	...	...
Couple-family households	2,195	...	...	140	...	...	315	...	...
With children⁶	1,355	...	...	35	...	...	105	...	...
Without children	840	...	...	105	...	...	210	...	...
One-parent-family households	175	...	...	10	...	...	30	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	110	...	...	5	...	...	15	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	90	...	...	5	...	...	15	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	85	...	...	30	...	...	25	...	...
One-person households	525	...	...	170	...	...	210	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	6,875	3,335	3,540	590	300	285	1,140	530	615
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,550	3,195	3,355	570	295	280	1,100	510	590
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,800	77,500	48,800	52,400	54,400	49,600	50,400	55,600	44,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,560	3,200	3,365	570	295	280	1,100	510	590
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,400	64,500	42,800	45,200	46,800	43,600	44,800	50,400	41,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,205	3,085	3,120	540	280	260	1,040	485	555
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,800	77,000	43,600	48,400	50,800	45,200	41,200	50,400	35,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,395	2,740	2,655	470	245	230	675	345	330
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,800	78,000	46,800	49,200	52,000	45,200	38,400	41,200	33,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,525	2,605	2,915	495	245	245	995	455	540
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,400	1,340	6,500	5,080	5,120	5,080	10,700	9,500	11,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	725	290	430	70	35	30	75	40	40
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,880	5,160	6,240	5,680	5,760	5,000	5,880	4,840	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,760	805	955	185	95	95	265	120	145
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,700	8,000	7,500	9,200	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	6,855	3,350	3,505	565	275	285	1,075	490	585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,555	3,210	3,340	550	265	285	1,020	475	550
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	77,700	95,500	60,550	82,400	99,000	66,500	93,200	124,000	66,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,570	3,220	3,350	550	265	285	1,020	475	550
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	61,550	73,400	50,160	65,200	76,500	54,800	74,000	95,600	55,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,215	3,100	3,110	520	255	270	985	455	525
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	74,900	93,400	56,450	78,800	97,000	62,000	85,800	118,000	58,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,345	2,710	2,630	480	230	250	650	315	335
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	74,400	91,500	56,700	67,200	78,500	56,800	56,300	60,400	52,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,485	2,600	2,885	475	215	260	950	430	520
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,930	6,530	9,200	8,440	8,900	8,100	11,440	10,960	11,840
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	705	305	400	65	40	20	90	45	40
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,860	6,650	8,800	6,800	5,400	10,000	7,800	4,400	11,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,775	835	940	170	85	90	230	105	125
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,750	8,340	9,120	8,700	9,200	8,400	9,900	10,600	9,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	6,850	3,345	3,505	565	275	290	1,075	490	585
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,815	1,605	1,210	260	125	130	230	130	105
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	91,000	101,000	75,500	74,500	88,000	70,000	89,000	83,000	93,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	106,200	122,600	84,400	90,000	104,000	77,000	103,000	92,000	116,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,030	900	1,125	165	75	90	315	150	165
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,200	32,400	25,600	21,400	41,600	20,400	19,600	23,600	18,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	42,160	49,700	36,100	50,800	62,000	42,000	33,600	40,000	27,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	91.4	94.4	86.8	91.0	92.0	88.0	88.4	92.0	83.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	78.0	80.8	73.8	71.5	68.0	75.0	38.4	32.5	47.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	8.5	5.5	13.1	8.8	7.1	11.2	11.4	8.0	16.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.7	1.7	1.0	0.9	1.0	0.7	0.4	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.4	2.4	4.8	3.6	3.0	4.3	2.7	2.1	3.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.1	2.3	4.2	3.3	2.9	3.9	2.4	2.0	3.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	6,880	3,340	3,535	590	305	285	1,140	530	610
Without total income	325	145	180	20	10	5	40	20	20
With total income	6,550	3,195	3,355	570	295	275	1,105	510	590
Under $10,000 (including loss)	530	170	360	50	30	25	80	35	45
$10,000 to $19,999	435	170	270	30	10	20	115	35	75
$20,000 to $29,999	660	240	425	65	30	35	140	55	85
$30,000 to $39,999	585	220	365	60	30	25	120	55	65
$40,000 to $49,999	505	200	300	60	30	30	95	50	50
$50,000 to $59,999	500	215	285	55	25	25	90	45	45
$60,000 to $69,999	505	230	275	35	15	20	80	35	45
$70,000 to $79,999	395	205	190	35	10	20	55	25	35
$80,000 to $89,999	355	185	170	30	20	10	55	20	30
$90,000 to $99,999	355	190	160	25	15	10	35	15	20
$100,000 and over	1,720	1,180	545	120	75	45	240	145	95
$100,000 to $149,999	995	635	365	70	40	35	125	65	60
$150,000 and over	725	550	175	50	35	15	120	80	35
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	6,880	3,340	3,535	590	305	285	1,140	530	610
Without after-tax income	315	140	175	20	10	5	40	20	20
With after-tax income	6,560	3,195	3,365	570	295	275	1,105	510	590
Under $10,000 (including loss)	570	180	390	50	30	25	95	40	55
$10,000 to $19,999	465	180	290	35	15	20	115	40	75
$20,000 to $29,999	765	275	495	85	40	40	140	55	85
$30,000 to $39,999	670	270	400	75	40	40	140	70	75
$40,000 to $49,999	640	265	370	80	40	40	115	50	65
$50,000 to $59,999	665	300	365	40	20	25	100	50	50
$60,000 to $69,999	540	280	260	50	25	25	80	30	45
$70,000 to $79,999	475	260	215	35	20	15	60	25	30
$80,000 to $89,999	445	235	210	25	10	10	50	20	35
$90,000 to $99,999	300	180	120	20	15	10	35	20	20
$100,000 and over	1,035	780	260	80	45	30	165	110	55
$100,000 to $124,999	435	310	130	30	15	15	60	35	30
$125,000 and over	605	470	135	45	35	15	105	80	25
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	6,880	3,340	3,535	590	305	285	1,140	530	610
Without employment income	1,480	600	885	115	60	55	465	180	280
With employment income	5,395	2,740	2,655	475	245	230	680	345	330
Under $5,000 (including loss)	505	210	300	45	25	25	110	60	50
$5,000 to $9,999	320	115	210	20	5	15	65	25	35
$10,000 to $19,999	485	170	315	50	20	25	70	30	45
$20,000 to $29,999	345	135	205	45	20	25	60	25	30
$30,000 to $39,999	320	135	180	35	15	15	50	30	25
$40,000 to $49,999	335	140	195	35	25	15	35	20	20
$50,000 to $59,999	340	145	190	35	15	15	35	15	20
$60,000 to $69,999	370	170	200	35	10	20	40	25	15
$70,000 to $79,999	300	165	140	25	15	15	35	15	20
$80,000 to $89,999	300	150	150	30	15	15	25	10	15
$90,000 to $99,999	310	160	145	15	5	10	20	10	15
$100,000 and over	1,460	1,035	425	90	60	35	130	85	45
$100,000 to $124,999	565	340	220	30	20	10	35	20	20
$125,000 and over	895	690	200	60	40	25	90	70	25
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	6,875	3,335	3,540	590	300	285	1,140	530	615
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,445	3,135	3,310	560	290	275	1,085	500	585
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,600	82,000	47,600	53,600	57,200	49,200	47,200	56,000	42,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,450	3,135	3,315	560	290	275	1,085	500	585
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,200	67,000	42,000	45,600	48,400	43,600	42,400	48,400	38,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,145	3,050	3,100	535	275	260	1,030	480	555
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,600	82,000	45,600	52,800	56,400	49,600	41,200	52,400	37,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,405	2,740	2,665	475	240	235	685	350	340
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,200	82,000	47,200	52,800	55,600	47,200	40,000	45,600	36,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,165	2,485	2,680	470	240	235	950	440	510
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	980	890	2,400	920	890	970	3,200	1,050	7,350
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	515	185	330	35	20	15	30	10	20
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,000	4,920	9,800	5,200	9,000	x	6,000	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	6,855	3,350	3,505	565	275	285	1,075	490	585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,445	3,170	3,275	535	255	280	1,030	475	555
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	82,600	105,100	60,850	82,400	98,000	69,000	76,000	88,800	65,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,450	3,170	3,285	535	255	280	1,030	475	555
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	64,400	79,800	49,560	66,400	77,000	56,400	61,200	70,400	53,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,140	3,045	3,090	515	250	275	965	440	525
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	82,600	106,400	59,200	81,200	97,000	67,000	72,600	86,000	60,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,370	2,730	2,645	460	220	240	630	305	330
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	80,900	102,200	59,000	70,400	77,500	64,500	68,800	79,500	58,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,110	2,485	2,620	455	210	240	920	430	490
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,892	3,436	6,275	4,760	4,920	4,640	8,760	8,280	9,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	540	215	325	45	25	20	25	0	10
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,080	6,950	12,160	5,000	7,200	2,400	11,000	...	14,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	6,850	3,345	3,505	565	275	290	1,075	490	585
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,770	1,580	1,185	240	110	130	240	135	105
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	90,000	100,000	75,000	78,000	81,000	77,500	83,000	77,000	89,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	113,500	136,400	83,000	90,000	100,000	80,000	113,000	120,000	102,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,980	885	1,090	160	75	85	280	135	150
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,600	44,000	29,200	35,600	36,000	35,600	35,600	44,000	31,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	50,600	59,000	43,700	60,400	60,000	60,000	48,000	51,000	46,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	95.4	97.4	91.8	95.0	96.0	94.0	89.6	91.0	88.0
Employment income (%)	81.6	83.6	78.2	73.5	68.0	80.0	55.6	58.0	52.8
Government transfers (%)	4.7	2.6	8.2	4.9	4.2	5.8	10.3	8.5	12.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.5	2.0	0.5	0.7	0.3	0.4	x	0.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,210	...	...	365	...	...	605	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	139,000	...	...	78,500	...	...	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	86,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	525	...	...	170	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	53,600	...	...	68,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,400	...	...	46,400	...	...	58,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,685	...	...	195	...	...	395	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	154,000	...	...	121,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,200	...	...	355	...	...	580	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	159,000	...	...	126,400	...	...	164,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	126,400	...	...	100,400	...	...	130,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	505	...	...	165	...	...	225	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	66,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	63,000	...	...	54,000	...	...	73,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,690	...	...	190	...	...	360	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	174,400	...	...	180,000	...	...	209,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	138,400	...	...	141,000	...	...	165,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,210	...	...	360	...	...	605	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	10	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	5	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...	10	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	35	...	...	15	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	50	...	...	15	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	130	...	...	30	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	140	...	...	30	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	125	...	...	30	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	160	...	...	20	...	...	40	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	160	...	...	15	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,215	...	...	140	...	...	295	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	410	...	...	35	...	...	75	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	360	...	...	20	...	...	50	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	610	...	...	35	...	...	65	...	...
$200,000 and over	835	...	...	50	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,210	...	...	360	...	...	605	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...	10	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	45	...	...	10	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	10	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	45	...	...	20	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	55	...	...	20	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	70	...	...	20	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	170	...	...	30	...	...	45	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	160	...	...	45	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	185	...	...	25	...	...	35	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	230	...	...	10	...	...	65	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	200	...	...	20	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,900	...	...	120	...	...	240	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	475	...	...	35	...	...	65	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	430	...	...	25	...	...	45	...	...
$150,000 and over	995	...	...	60	...	...	135	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,620	...	...	165	...	...	380	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	154,000	...	...	122,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	2.5	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	850	...	...	105	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...	111,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,505	...	...	40	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	174,000	...	...	178,000	...	...	178,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,000	...	...	144,000	...	...	154,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	3.6	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	210	...	...	15	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	x	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	x	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	720	335	390	235	120	115	255	95	155
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	64,000	70,500	59,600	50,800	50,800	51,200	60,800	53,200	63,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	54,000	58,400	50,800	43,600	43,200	44,000	52,000	50,000	54,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,610	...	...	180	...	...	345	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	176,400	...	...	180,000	...	...	214,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	139,800	...	...	141,000	...	...	169,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	890	...	...	100	...	...	175	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	165,200	...	...	188,000	...	...	142,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	144,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,460	...	...	45	...	...	115	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	191,200	...	...	230,000	...	...	395,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	150,200	...	...	185,000	...	...	300,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	215	...	...	30	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	85,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	72,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	695	295	400	190	80	110	250	90	155
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	70,000	70,500	69,600	66,500	66,000	66,000	87,000	84,000	90,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,900	57,600	56,400	54,000	54,000	53,000	70,000	67,000	71,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	9,200	4,535	4,665	640	330	305	1,285	605	680
0 to 17 years	2,635	1,345	1,290	60	30	25	175	90	80
0 to 5 years	945	490	460	20	15	10	55	35	25
18 to 64 years	5,850	2,860	2,990	510	260	245	710	350	365
65 years and over	715	335	380	75	35	35	400	170	235
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	425	205	220	55	25	30	100	45	60
0 to 17 years	135	75	65	5	5	0	15	10	5
0 to 5 years	45	25	20	0	0	0	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	245	120	125	45	20	20	65	35	35
65 years and over	35	10	25	5	5	5	15	5	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.6	4.6	4.6	8.8	8.0	9.5	7.9	7.2	8.4
0 to 17 years (%)	5.3	5.6	4.8	10.0	12.0	x	10.0	10.0	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	5.2	5.6	4.8	x	x	x	12.0	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	4.2	4.2	4.3	8.8	8.0	9.5	9.2	9.0	9.5
65 years and over (%)	5.2	3.6	6.4	8.0	x	12.0	4.0	2.5	6.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	9,200	4,535	4,665	640	330	310	1,280	605	680
0 to 17 years	2,635	1,345	1,290	55	30	30	170	90	85
0 to 5 years	940	485	455	20	10	5	55	35	20
18 to 64 years	5,850	2,855	2,995	505	260	245	715	345	365
65 years and over	715	330	385	75	40	35	405	170	230
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	265	140	130	60	25	30	65	35	35
0 to 17 years	85	50	35	5	5	0	10	5	5
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	165	80	85	50	25	25	55	25	25
65 years and over	10	5	10	0	0	5	5	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.9	3.0	2.7	8.8	9.0	8.5	5.4	5.6	5.2
0 to 17 years (%)	3.3	3.8	2.6	8.0	x	x	5.0	x	6.0
0 to 5 years (%)	3.2	3.6	2.8	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	2.8	2.8	2.8	9.6	9.5	10.0	7.4	8.5	6.4
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.2	2.0	x	x	x	2.0	x	2.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	9,200	4,535	4,665	640	330	305	1,285	605	680
In bottom half of the distribution	2,535	1,220	1,310	285	145	140	455	215	240
In bottom decile	370	180	185	65	30	30	95	45	50
In second decile	405	180	225	35	15	25	90	40	50
In third decile	475	215	260	65	30	35	80	40	40
In fourth decile	610	305	310	65	35	25	100	50	55
In fifth decile	680	340	335	55	25	30	95	50	45
In top half of the distribution	6,665	3,310	3,355	350	185	165	830	390	440
In sixth decile	760	375	385	40	15	20	105	55	50
In seventh decile	930	450	485	60	25	30	125	50	75
In eighth decile	1,260	645	615	50	30	20	105	50	55
In ninth decile	1,615	810	805	60	35	30	185	80	110
In top decile	2,095	1,030	1,070	145	80	65	310	160	150
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	9,200	...	...	640	...	...	1,280	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.315	...	...	0.398	...	...	0.435	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.369	...	...	0.466	...	...	0.516	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.280	...	...	0.360	...	...	0.390	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5	...	...	4.6	...	...	4.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	9,200	4,535	4,665	645	330	315	1,280	605	680
English only	8,600	4,260	4,340	570	295	275	1,145	555	595
French only	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	470	215	250	70	30	40	100	45	60
Neither English nor French	125	50	75	5	5	0	30	10	20
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	9,200	4,535	4,665	645	330	315	1,280	605	680
English	8,920	4,400	4,525	625	320	305	1,235	585	650
French	120	65	50	10	10	5	15	5	10
English and French	30	20	15	0	0	0	5	0	5
Neither English nor French	125	50	75	5	0	0	35	10	25
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	9,200	4,535	4,665	645	330	315	1,280	605	680
Single responses	8,855	4,370	4,490	625	320	300	1,245	585	660
Official languages	6,805	3,405	3,400	540	280	255	905	440	465
English	6,685	3,340	3,340	525	275	255	890	430	460
French	125	65	55	10	10	5	15	5	5
Non-official languages	2,055	960	1,090	90	40	45	340	145	190
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,055	960	1,090	90	40	45	335	145	195
Afro-Asiatic languages	90	45	50	5	0	5	5	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	90	40	45	5	0	5	5	5	5
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	80	35	40	0	0	0	5	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	20	25	0	0	5	5	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	15	25	0	0	0	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	350	150	195	5	0	5	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	305	135	175	5	0	5	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	55	25	30	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	15	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,055	515	535	60	25	30	120	55	65
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	260	125	130	20	10	10	15	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	260	125	130	20	10	10	15	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	80	35	50	5	0	0	5	0	0
Russian	110	55	50	5	5	0	5	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	15	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	5	10	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	50	25	20	15	5	10	40	25	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	15	10	10	10	0	5	25	15	10
German	15	10	10	10	0	5	25	15	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	20	15	0	0	0	15	5	10
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	15	10	0	0	0	15	5	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	350	175	175	10	0	5	25	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	345	170	170	10	0	10	15	5	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	50	20	25	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gujarati	60	35	25	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hindi	65	25	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	90	45	40	5	0	5	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	60	35	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	10	10	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	10	10	5
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0	0	0	10	10	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	385	185	200	10	5	5	30	10	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Portuguese	20	5	15	0	0	0	5	0	5
Romanian	55	35	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	295	135	160	10	5	5	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	105	50	55	5	0	5	35	10	20
Mongolian	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	260	120	140	10	5	5	135	60	80
Chinese languages	255	125	135	10	5	5	135	60	75
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	185	90	100	0	0	0	55	20	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	60	30	35	10	5	5	75	30	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	15	5	0	0	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	10	10	5	0	0	5	0	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	340	165	175	15	5	15	40	20	20
English and French	15	10	10	5	5	5	5	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	285	140	150	10	5	5	30	15	15
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	30	10	15	5	0	0	5	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	9,200	4,535	4,665	645	330	315	1,280	605	680
English	6,850	3,400	3,450	540	280	260	950	460	495
French	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	600	290	310	10	5	5	95	40	50
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	600	290	310	10	5	5	95	40	50
English and French	70	40	30	20	5	10	15	10	15
English and non-official language(s)	1,575	760	815	65	30	30	205	95	110
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	20	20	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	40	10	25	0	0	0	10	5	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	9,200	4,535	4,665	645	330	315	1,280	605	680
Single responses	8,835	4,350	4,485	630	325	305	1,250	585	660
Official languages	7,615	3,760	3,850	590	305	290	1,075	515	560
English	7,575	3,740	3,840	590	305	285	1,065	510	555
French	40	20	15	5	0	5	10	5	5
Non-official languages	1,220	585	630	35	20	15	175	75	100
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,220	585	630	35	20	15	175	75	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	25	30	0	0	0	5	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	55	25	30	0	0	0	5	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	45	20	25	0	0	0	5	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	225	105	120	5	0	0	5	5	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	215	100	110	5	0	0	5	5	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	585	290	295	20	10	10	45	20	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	130	70	60	5	0	0	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	130	70	60	5	0	0	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	75	40	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	210	105	105	5	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	200	100	105	5	0	0	10	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	30	10	20	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	35	20	20	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hindi	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	35	30	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	15	5	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	15	5	5
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0	0	0	15	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	240	110	125	10	5	5	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Portuguese	10	0	10	0	0	0	5	0	5
Romanian	20	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	205	100	110	5	5	5	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	95	45	50	0	0	0	30	10	20
Mongolian	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	160	75	85	5	5	5	80	35	45
Chinese languages	160	75	85	5	5	5	80	35	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	125	65	65	0	0	0	35	15	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	15	20	10	5	5	40	20	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	370	185	180	15	5	10	35	15	20
English and French	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	350	180	175	10	5	10	35	15	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	9,200	4,530	4,665	640	330	315	1,285	605	680
None	7,755	3,845	3,910	570	290	280	1,080	515	570
English	510	250	255	20	10	15	70	30	40
French	55	30	30	15	10	10	15	5	10
Non-official language	710	320	390	30	20	15	100	45	50
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	710	320	390	30	20	15	100	45	50
English and French	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	85	40	45	0	0	5	5	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	60	30	25	5	0	0	10	5	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	9,215	4,560	4,660	640	320	320	1,230	585	645
Official languages	9,110	4,520	4,595	640	320	320	1,190	570	620
English	9,110	4,520	4,595	640	320	320	1,190	570	620
French	420	205	220	60	30	30	85	55	35
Non-official languages	2,695	1,290	1,405	145	60	85	370	170	200
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,695	1,290	1,405	145	60	85	370	170	200
Afro-Asiatic languages	185	95	95	0	0	0	15	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	185	95	95	0	0	0	15	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	135	65	75	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	495	225	270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	50	30	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	480	220	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	110	45	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,480	710	765	105	50	60	135	65	75
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	340	165	170	20	0	20	55	35	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	340	165	170	20	0	20	55	35	20
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	85	30	55	0	0	0	35	20	10
Russian	180	110	75	10	0	0	30	25	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	60	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	70	50	20	20	10	10	35	25	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	40	35	0	20	10	10	20	15	0
German	40	35	0	20	10	10	20	15	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	40	30	10	0	0	0	15	10	0
Afrikaans	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	15	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	500	240	260	20	10	10	15	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	475	230	250	20	10	10	15	0	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	75	30	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	90	55	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	240	115	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	120	55	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	130	65	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	590	260	330	55	25	25	45	0	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	0	20	0	0	0	10	0	10
Portuguese	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	30	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	510	225	285	50	25	25	35	0	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	30	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	10	20	10	0	10	35	10	25
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	105	45	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	340	195	150	20	10	10	135	65	70
Chinese languages	340	195	150	20	10	10	135	65	70
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	275	150	120	0	0	0	55	20	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	70	45	30	20	10	10	100	55	50
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	15	10	10	10	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,215	4,555	4,660	645	320	325	1,225	580	645
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	295	155	135	10	0	0	55	20	30
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	270	145	125	0	0	0	55	20	30
First Nations (North American Indian)	75	40	35	0	0	0	10	0	10
Métis	190	105	85	0	0	0	45	20	20
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	8,925	4,405	4,520	635	320	315	1,175	560	610
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,215	4,555	4,660	645	320	325	1,225	580	645
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	70	45	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,150	4,515	4,630	635	320	315	1,220	580	645
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,200	...	...	355	...	...	580	...	...
Owner	2,925	...	...	180	...	...	430	...	...
Renter	275	...	...	180	...	...	155	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,200	...	...	355	...	...	580	...	...
Condominium	780	...	...	130	...	...	315	...	...
Not condominium	2,420	...	...	225	...	...	270	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,200	...	...	355	...	...	580	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	40	...	...	95	...	...	85	...	...
2 bedrooms	695	...	...	145	...	...	210	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,445	...	...	85	...	...	115	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,020	...	...	30	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,200	...	...	355	...	...	580	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	685	...	...	170	...	...	220	...	...
5 rooms	490	...	...	40	...	...	65	...	...
6 rooms	570	...	...	70	...	...	85	...	...
7 rooms	405	...	...	30	...	...	50	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,045	...	...	45	...	...	160	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	5.2	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,200	...	...	355	...	...	580	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,125	...	...	355	...	...	570	...	...
More than one person per room	80	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,200	...	...	355	...	...	580	...	...
Suitable	3,125	...	...	345	...	...	560	...	...
Not suitable	75	...	...	15	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,200	...	...	355	...	...	580	...	...
1960 or before	15	...	...	120	...	...	15	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...	55	...	...	195	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	40	...	...	75	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	25	...	...	50	...	...
2001 to 2005	20	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	310	...	...	15	...	...	20	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,780	...	...	35	...	...	155	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,050	...	...	60	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,200	...	...	355	...	...	580	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,195	...	...	310	...	...	570	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...	50	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,200	...	...	355	...	...	580	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,155	...	...	215	...	...	330	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,935	...	...	145	...	...	235	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	120	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,200	...	...	355	...	...	580	...	...
15 to 24 years	40	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	590	...	...	90	...	...	80	...	...
35 to 44 years	975	...	...	70	...	...	75	...	...
45 to 54 years	735	...	...	65	...	...	60	...	...
55 to 64 years	470	...	...	50	...	...	120	...	...
65 to 74 years	295	...	...	65	...	...	105	...	...
75 to 84 years	95	...	...	10	...	...	80	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,185	...	...	345	...	...	585	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,645	...	...	235	...	...	465	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	545	...	...	110	...	...	115	...	...
30% to less than 100%	495	...	...	105	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,200	...	...	360	...	...	580	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	605	...	...	150	...	...	140	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	525	...	...	90	...	...	110	...	...
Not suitable only	60	...	...	15	...	...	15	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...	25	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,595	...	...	210	...	...	435	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,135	...	...	335	...	...	575	...	...
In core need	125	...	...	40	...	...	35	...	...
Not in core need	3,005	...	...	300	...	...	540	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,925	...	...	175	...	...	425	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	81.9	...	...	80.0	...	...	34.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.1	...	...	26.5	...	...	15.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.8	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,240	...	...	2,120	...	...	1,030	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,306	...	...	2,500	...	...	1,370	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	552,000	...	...	500,000	...	...	552,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	583,500	...	...	655,000	...	...	622,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	270	...	...	180	...	...	150	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	38.9	...	...	37.1	...	...	33.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.0	...	...	14.3	...	...	13.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,860	...	...	1,350	...	...	1,780	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,840	...	...	1,520	...	...	1,720	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	9,220	4,560	4,655	645	325	325	1,225	580	645
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	60	40	20	0	0	0	10	0	10
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	60	40	20	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	40	20	15	0	0	0	10	0	10
Métis single ancestry	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	255	125	130	15	0	0	75	35	45
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	255	125	130	10	0	0	75	35	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	165	80	80	0	0	0	40	15	25
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	95	45	45	0	0	0	35	20	15
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,900	4,395	4,505	630	315	315	1,145	550	595
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	9,220	4,560	4,660	645	320	325	1,225	580	645
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	8,620	4,295	4,325	645	320	325	1,160	570	590
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,555	1,315	1,245	90	60	30	180	105	75
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,060	2,980	3,080	555	265	290	985	470	520
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	600	265	330	0	0	0	65	10	55
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	9,220	4,560	4,660	645	320	325	1,225	580	645
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	6,625	3,335	3,290	560	280	280	905	455	450
Immigrants⁸¹	2,550	1,210	1,345	85	45	40	285	120	165
Before 1980	175	50	120	15	15	0	125	55	70
1980 to 1990	205	120	90	30	20	10	70	25	40
1991 to 2000	345	160	185	10	0	10	25	10	15
2001 to 2010	880	430	450	10	0	10	35	15	20
2011 to 2021⁸²	950	445	505	15	10	10	25	10	20
2011 to 2015	585	265	315	15	10	10	25	10	15
2016 to 2021	365	180	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	40	15	25	0	0	0	35	0	30
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,555	1,205	1,345	85	45	45	285	120	165
Under 5 years	280	130	145	15	15	0	15	0	10
5 to 14 years	390	205	185	15	10	0	15	0	10
15 to 24 years	450	160	290	15	0	10	105	50	55
25 to 44 years	1,235	605	635	35	15	20	115	50	70
45 years and over	200	100	100	0	0	0	30	10	20
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,555	1,205	1,345	85	45	45	285	120	165
Americas	470	210	260	15	10	0	50	25	25
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	65	20	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	65	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	150	75	80	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	150	70	80	10	0	0	25	10	15
Europe	560	255	310	25	15	15	90	30	55
Bosnia and Herzegovina	25	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	10	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
Poland	50	20	30	0	0	0	25	15	10
Portugal	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	25	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	85	40	45	0	0	0	15	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	200	80	120	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	80	40	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	170	75	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	50	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	1,320	640	680	30	10	25	140	65	80
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	185	75	110	0	0	0	55	20	35
Hong Kong⁹¹	40	30	10	15	0	10	30	15	10
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	500	245	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	10	10	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bangladesh	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	280	145	140	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pakistan	65	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	100	50	50	0	0	0	25	10	15
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	35	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	365	180	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Americas	65	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	90	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	35	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	40	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	160	80	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	20	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	55	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	35	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	9,215	4,560	4,660	640	320	320	1,225	585	645
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,665	1,260	1,410	85	45	40	335	135	205
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,855	995	865	105	45	60	285	155	130
Third generation or more¹⁰²	4,690	2,305	2,385	450	230	220	610	295	315
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,380	1,155	1,225	65	30	40	160	65	100
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,560	785	775	60	30	30	95	40	55
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	595	385	210	20	10	10	45	25	20
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	965	400	560	45	20	25	50	15	35
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	535	230	305	0	0	0	40	15	25
Refugees¹⁰⁸	280	135	145	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,380	1,155	1,225	65	30	40	160	65	100
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	130	80	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	325	135	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	70	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	135	75	65	0	0	0	15	0	15
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,715	830	885	60	30	30	135	55	80
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	9,215	4,555	4,660	645	320	325	1,225	580	645
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,880	1,400	1,480	105	45	65	360	155	210
South Asian	705	330	375	10	0	0	30	10	20
Chinese	445	240	210	25	15	10	180	75	110
Black	255	120	140	10	0	0	45	30	15
Filipino	670	350	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab	155	70	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin American	380	165	215	20	10	10	20	0	15
Southeast Asian	110	55	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	10	0	10	35	10	25
Japanese	20	0	20	0	0	0	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	35	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	70	30	45	0	0	0	25	10	10
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	6,335	3,160	3,175	535	275	260	860	425	440
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	9,215	4,560	4,660	645	320	320	1,230	580	645
Canadian	1,160	630	530	80	50	30	125	85	45
English	1,750	875	875	125	65	60	265	115	145
Irish	1,365	655	710	100	65	35	120	50	70
Scottish	1,330	615	715	195	100	95	210	105	110
French, n.o.s.¹²²	685	270	415	50	25	25	100	40	60
German	1,085	565	515	110	50	60	205	115	90
Chinese	435	225	210	35	20	15	160	70	100
Italian	280	120	160	20	0	15	30	0	25
Indian (India)	395	190	210	10	0	0	20	0	15
Ukrainian	650	330	320	60	35	30	120	70	50
Dutch	330	160	170	30	10	15	30	15	10
Polish	380	150	230	65	25	40	65	40	25
Québécois	20	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	445	215	230	50	35	15	80	35	45
Filipino	620	335	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
French Canadian	70	30	40	10	0	10	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	135	75	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	95	40	50	0	0	0	25	10	20
Métis	110	60	50	10	10	0	35	15	20
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	235	115	120	15	10	10	15	0	10
Russian	290	165	125	15	0	10	45	35	15
Norwegian	340	140	205	15	0	10	45	15	35
Welsh	125	60	70	30	10	20	45	15	35
Portuguese	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
American	120	55	70	25	15	10	15	10	10
Spanish	195	115	85	0	0	0	15	0	10
Swedish	85	45	40	10	0	0	10	0	10
Hungarian	120	60	60	10	0	10	15	0	10
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	120	55	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	55	30	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	40	30	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0	0	0	25	0	15
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	55	45	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	30	10	15	0	0	0	20	20	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	100	35	60	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	50	35	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	20	15	0	0	0	40	15	30
Romanian	100	60	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	80	60	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	95	60	35	30	15	15	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	15	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	40	25	15	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belgian	60	20	40	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	80	35	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	80	35	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	10	10	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swiss	70	15	55	20	0	15	10	0	10
Finnish	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	25	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	60	25	40	0	0	0	30	15	20
Japanese	45	15	30	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	85	45	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	30	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	45	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	90	45	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	65	40	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	80	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	55	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	45	10	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	30	20	10	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	45	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	25	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	35	0	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	30	10	25	20	0	15	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	35	25	10	15	10	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	40	35	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	25	10	10	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	110	60	45	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	145	65	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	40	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	25	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	9,215	4,555	4,655	645	320	325	1,225	580	645
Buddhist	60	25	35	0	0	0	10	0	10
Christian	4,885	2,285	2,600	200	85	120	555	250	300
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	925	435	490	15	0	10	105	50	55
Anabaptist	10	0	10	10	0	0	20	10	10
Anglican	200	90	115	0	0	0	20	10	10
Baptist	55	25	30	0	0	0	30	20	10
Catholic	2,350	1,100	1,250	90	45	50	195	85	110
Christian Orthodox	110	55	55	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	50	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	195	90	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	60	25	45	0	0	0	40	15	30
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	95	55	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	75	40	30	20	10	10	20	10	10
Reformed	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	380	150	230	20	10	10	60	15	40
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	345	175	170	30	15	20	60	30	25
Hindu	240	125	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	345	160	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	110	55	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	45	25	20	10	0	10	10	0	10
No religion and secular perspectives	3,505	1,875	1,640	425	235	190	630	315	315
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	9,085	4,505	4,585	640	315	325	1,215	575	640
Non-movers	7,745	3,840	3,910	515	265	250	1,080	515	560
Movers	1,340	665	675	130	50	75	140	60	75
Non-migrants	940	490	455	90	40	55	100	50	50
Migrants	395	175	220	35	15	20	35	10	30
Internal migrants	300	140	165	35	15	15	20	0	15
Intraprovincial migrants	80	45	40	25	15	10	15	0	10
Interprovincial migrants	220	95	130	10	0	10	0	0	0
External migrants	95	40	55	0	0	0	20	0	15
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	8,440	4,165	4,270	615	300	315	1,185	555	625
Non-movers	4,425	2,225	2,200	235	120	125	795	370	425
Movers	4,015	1,945	2,070	380	190	190	390	190	205
Non-migrants	2,780	1,350	1,430	290	145	145	265	130	130
Migrants	1,235	590	645	85	45	40	125	50	75
Internal migrants	965	465	500	85	45	40	105	50	50
Intraprovincial migrants	490	260	230	50	25	25	60	30	30
Interprovincial migrants	480	205	270	35	20	15	40	15	25
External migrants	265	125	145	0	0	0	20	0	20
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,850	3,345	3,505	565	275	290	1,075	490	585
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	640	330	305	55	35	15	95	35	55
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,215	3,015	3,205	510	240	270	985	460	525
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,335	2,630	2,710	425	205	220	575	285	295
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	280	155	125	25	20	0	15	0	15
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,055	2,470	2,590	400	190	215	555	280	275
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,855	3,350	3,505	565	275	290	1,075	490	585
No certificate, diploma or degree	545	290	260	40	30	15	75	20	55
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,615	770	845	135	65	75	225	75	150
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,690	2,285	2,405	390	185	205	775	390	385
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,020	1,065	955	140	65	70	270	145	115
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	475	390	80	40	25	15	70	60	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	140	100	40	15	15	0	20	10	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	330	295	40	20	20	0	60	50	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,275	555	720	85	35	45	165	80	85
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	270	120	150	20	10	15	30	10	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,670	1,220	1,450	250	115	130	510	245	265
Bachelor's degree	1,890	830	1,060	170	75	95	325	165	165
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	140	55	85	25	10	10	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	25	15	10	0	0	30	10	25
Master's degree	545	280	270	30	20	10	105	55	50
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	55	30	25	15	0	10	40	15	30
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,340	2,625	2,710	425	205	220	575	285	290
No certificate, diploma or degree	205	120	85	15	10	0	15	0	15
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	995	505	490	90	40	50	90	45	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,135	1,995	2,135	320	155	165	470	240	230
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,765	945	820	95	55	40	155	95	60
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	420	350	70	25	20	0	50	40	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	110	80	30	20	10	0	15	10	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	310	270	35	10	10	0	40	35	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,120	490	635	65	30	30	85	50	35
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	220	110	115	10	0	0	20	10	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,375	1,050	1,320	220	100	125	315	145	165
Bachelor's degree	1,665	715	945	150	65	85	225	120	110
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	125	45	80	20	15	15	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	25	15	10	0	0	25	0	25
Master's degree	505	250	255	30	15	15	50	20	30
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	15	25	15	0	10	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,855	3,350	3,505	565	280	290	1,075	490	580
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,165	1,060	1,100	180	90	85	300	100	200
Education	295	75	220	25	10	15	80	20	55
13. Education	295	75	220	25	10	15	80	20	55
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125	55	75	10	0	10	35	10	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	120	45	75	10	0	10	35	10	25
Humanities	155	50	100	25	10	10	30	15	15
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	35	0	30	10	0	10	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	10	25	10	10	0	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	10	0	0	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	485	150	330	50	15	40	75	10	65
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55	10	45	15	0	15	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	60	0	60	0	0	0	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	95	40	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	100	25	75	10	0	10	30	0	30
45. Social sciences	155	75	85	30	0	15	15	0	10
Business, management and public administration	1,260	570	685	80	45	35	115	45	70
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	45	0	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,205	570	635	75	45	30	115	45	70
Physical and life sciences and technologies	185	80	105	30	25	10	75	40	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	25	30	15	10	10	25	10	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	10	35	0	0	0	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	85	50	35	15	15	0	35	25	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	205	140	65	10	0	10	35	25	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	175	115	60	10	0	10	20	20	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,050	910	140	75	65	10	195	175	20
04. Architecture and related services	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	425	345	75	15	15	0	85	80	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	245	215	30	25	20	0	50	35	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	165	160	0	20	20	0	40	40	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	135	125	10	0	0	0	15	15	0
48. Precision production	50	50	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	20	25	15	0	15	10	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	15	20	10	0	10	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	720	120	600	60	10	50	105	35	70
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	15	20	0	0	0	20	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	675	100	575	45	0	40	65	10	55
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	10	0	0	15	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	170	120	55	0	0	0	15	0	15
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	75	35	40	0	0	0	15	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	65	50	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,335	2,625	2,710	425	205	220	575	285	290
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,200	630	570	105	50	55	110	45	60
Education	230	45	185	25	10	15	30	10	20
13. Education	230	45	185	25	10	15	30	10	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	50	60	10	0	0	15	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	105	40	60	10	0	0	15	10	10
Humanities	115	30	85	15	15	0	25	10	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	410	125	285	50	15	40	50	0	45
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	10	40	15	0	15	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	55	0	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	85	35	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	85	15	65	10	0	10	15	0	15
45. Social sciences	120	60	60	25	10	15	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	1,115	490	625	60	30	25	80	30	50
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	0	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,075	490	580	55	30	20	80	30	50
Physical and life sciences and technologies	170	65	105	30	20	10	45	30	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	25	30	10	0	10	10	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	10	30	0	0	0	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	65	30	30	15	15	0	25	15	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	185	125	60	10	0	10	25	25	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	160	110	50	10	0	10	20	20	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	970	830	140	60	55	10	110	95	10
04. Architecture and related services	35	10	25	10	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	390	310	75	15	15	0	40	40	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	240	210	35	20	15	0	20	15	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	150	145	0	15	15	0	35	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	110	100	10	0	0	0	10	10	0
48. Precision production	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	20	25	10	0	10	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	15	20	10	0	10	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	635	110	525	45	10	35	70	20	55
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	10	20	0	0	0	15	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	595	95	500	35	0	30	50	15	40
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	10	0	0	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	150	110	40	0	0	0	15	0	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	60	30	30	0	0	0	10	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	65	50	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,335	2,625	2,710	425	205	220	575	285	290
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,200	630	570	105	50	55	110	45	60
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,135	2,000	2,140	320	155	165	465	240	230
Location of study inside Canada	3,055	1,475	1,580	285	135	150	420	220	200
Same as province or territory of residence	2,070	1,005	1,065	195	85	110	280	170	115
Different than province or territory of residence	980	465	515	85	50	35	135	45	85
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,080	525	560	35	20	15	50	25	25
Americas	300	185	115	20	10	10	10	10	0
United States of America	175	130	50	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	25	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	55	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	220	110	110	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	40	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	120	75	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	70	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	455	165	290	0	0	0	35	10	20
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	50	20	30	0	0	0	15	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	200	70	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	135	60	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	35	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	6,855	3,350	3,505	565	275	290	1,075	490	585
In the labour force	5,170	2,715	2,455	460	225	230	590	310	285
Employed	4,705	2,460	2,240	420	200	215	510	270	245
Unemployed	470	250	210	40	25	15	80	40	40
Not in the labour force	1,685	630	1,050	105	50	55	480	180	300
Participation rate	75.4	81.0	70.0	81.4	81.8	79.3	54.9	63.3	48.7
Employment rate	68.6	73.4	63.9	74.3	72.7	74.1	47.4	55.1	41.9
Unemployment rate	9.1	9.2	8.6	8.7	11.1	6.5	13.6	12.9	14.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	6,855	3,350	3,505	565	280	290	1,075	490	580
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,720	660	1,060	120	60	60	485	185	300
Worked	5,135	2,685	2,445	445	215	225	590	305	290
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,945	1,690	1,250	260	130	135	265	150	115
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,190	995	1,195	185	90	95	325	155	170
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	43.1	41.4	43.2	43.0	43.4	38.4	40.2	36.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,170	2,715	2,455	460	230	235	590	305	280
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110	55	50	10	0	0	10	10	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,060	2,660	2,405	450	225	225	575	300	280
Employee	4,255	2,175	2,080	340	165	175	430	220	210
Permanent position	3,725	1,935	1,790	265	135	130	335	180	155
Temporary position	530	240	290	75	30	40	100	40	55
Fixed term (1 year or more)	195	70	125	35	10	25	30	15	15
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	335	170	165	35	25	20	75	25	40
Self-employed¹⁹²	805	480	325	115	60	55	150	80	65
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,170	2,715	2,455	460	230	235	590	305	280
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110	55	50	10	0	0	10	10	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,060	2,660	2,405	450	225	225	575	300	280
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	80	60	25	15	10	10	10	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,080	315	765	110	55	60	130	45	80
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	665	465	195	70	50	15	110	100	10
3 Health occupations	500	70	425	40	10	30	55	0	45
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	510	220	295	65	15	45	60	25	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	120	60	60	40	0	35	55	10	40
6 Sales and service occupations	1,075	540	535	50	20	35	75	25	45
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	805	725	75	50	50	0	75	60	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	90	75	10	15	15	0	10	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	130	115	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,170	2,715	2,455	460	230	235	590	305	280
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110	55	50	10	0	0	10	10	0
All industries¹⁹¹	5,060	2,660	2,405	450	225	225	575	300	280
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	280	205	80	25	15	0	55	30	25
22 Utilities	55	45	10	0	0	0	10	10	0
23 Construction	570	460	110	45	45	0	50	40	10
31-33 Manufacturing	205	155	55	25	20	0	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	250	180	75	10	10	0	10	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	470	240	230	10	0	0	35	0	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	305	210	90	10	10	0	40	10	30
51 Information and cultural industries	120	75	45	0	0	0	10	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	210	85	120	30	15	20	25	25	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	85	35	50	30	15	15	20	15	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	610	345	265	60	35	20	105	70	35
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	0	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	155	80	70	15	15	0	20	10	15
61 Educational services	285	75	205	40	0	35	65	30	35
62 Health care and social assistance	710	105	605	55	10	45	85	20	70
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	80	35	45	20	10	0	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	200	90	115	0	0	0	20	10	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	200	80	120	30	0	25	0	0	0
91 Public administration	215	135	75	40	10	35	15	15	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,390	2,795	2,595	475	235	240	630	325	310
English	5,205	2,715	2,495	455	220	230	585	300	285
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	35	15	20	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	15	20	0	0	0	10	10	0
English and French	35	15	20	0	0	0	10	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	110	50	55	10	0	0	15	0	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,390	2,795	2,595	475	235	240	630	325	310
Single responses	5,370	2,785	2,585	465	235	235	625	320	310
Official languages	5,325	2,760	2,560	465	230	235	605	310	305
English	5,310	2,755	2,550	460	230	235	605	310	305
French	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	50	25	25	0	0	0	15	15	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	50	25	25	0	0	0	15	15	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	10	0	0	0	10	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,390	2,795	2,595	475	235	240	630	325	310
None	5,260	2,740	2,525	465	220	240	605	315	290
English	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	25	15	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-official language	65	30	40	0	0	0	15	0	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	65	30	40	0	0	0	15	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,705	2,465	2,240	420	200	215	510	265	245
Worked at home	1,425	695	725	165	95	70	220	120	95
Worked outside Canada	35	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	570	445	130	70	50	25	60	50	15
Usual place of work	2,680	1,300	1,380	180	60	115	235	100	135
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,680	1,300	1,380	180	60	115	235	100	135
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,365	1,130	1,230	150	45	110	225	95	130
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	225	105	115	20	15	10	10	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	65	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,250	1,745	1,510	250	105	140	295	145	145
Car, truck or van	3,030	1,640	1,390	220	105	115	230	105	130
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,865	1,600	1,265	200	95	105	215	105	110
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	165	40	125	20	10	10	20	0	20
Public transit	70	15	55	10	0	10	25	10	15
Walked	50	20	20	20	0	20	15	10	0
Bicycle	20	20	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other method	80	50	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,250	1,745	1,510	250	105	140	295	145	145
Less than 15 minutes	625	260	370	90	40	55	80	25	50
15 to 29 minutes	1,510	850	665	100	40	60	145	75	70
30 to 44 minutes	850	475	375	50	30	20	70	45	25
45 to 59 minutes	170	95	70	10	0	0	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	100	65	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,250	1,745	1,510	250	105	140	295	145	145
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	245	190	55	10	0	10	15	0	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	740	435	310	30	30	0	40	30	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	865	460	405	70	10	60	90	55	35
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	625	320	305	60	35	30	45	15	30
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	350	120	225	60	20	40	70	30	40
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	430	220	210	10	15	0	25	0	25
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,660	1,360	1,300	55	30	25	175	90	85
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	180	95	85	5	0	5	15	10	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,485	1,265	1,220	50	30	25	160	85	80
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,835	935	900	40	20	20	130	65	70
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	130	75	60	5	0	0	5	5	0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	60	35	25	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	75	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,705	865	845	35	20	20	125	60	65

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not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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