Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062560More information: Alberta [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	3,461	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,207	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,183	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,157.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1.10	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	3,465	1,710	1,745
0 to 14 years	880	455	420
0 to 4 years	235	115	115
5 to 9 years	295	140	155
10 to 14 years	350	200	150
15 to 64 years	2,345	1,150	1,195
15 to 19 years	235	125	105
20 to 24 years	150	75	80
25 to 29 years	185	90	90
30 to 34 years	265	110	155
35 to 39 years	355	160	200
40 to 44 years	380	185	195
45 to 49 years	280	150	130
50 to 54 years	220	120	105
55 to 59 years	150	75	70
60 to 64 years	130	60	70
65 years and over	235	100	135
65 to 69 years	85	35	45
70 to 74 years	75	25	45
75 to 79 years	40	20	20
80 to 84 years	20	15	10
85 years and over	10	5	10
85 to 89 years	10	5	5
90 to 94 years	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	25.4	26.6	24.1
15 to 64 years	67.7	67.3	68.5
65 years and over	6.8	5.8	7.7
85 years and over	0.3	0.3	0.6
Average age of the population	33.7	33.1	34.2
Median age of the population	35.2	34.8	35.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,185	...	...
Single-detached house	865	...	...
Semi-detached house	25	...	...
Row house	45	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	245	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,180	...	...
1 person	210	...	...
2 persons	330	...	...
3 persons	215	...	...
4 persons	270	...	...
5 or more persons	155	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,460	1,715	1,750
Average household size	2.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	2,585	1,255	1,325
Married or living common-law	1,690	845	845
Married	1,430	715	715
Living common-law	260	130	130
Living common law - Never married	200	100	100
Living common law - Separated	15	10	5
Living common law - Divorced	45	20	25
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	5
Not married and not living common-law	890	410	480
Not married and not living common law - Never married	635	330	310
Not married and not living common law - Separated	65	25	35
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	125	45	75
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	70	10	60
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	975	...	...
2 persons	355	...	...
3 persons	225	...	...
4 persons	275	...	...
5 or more persons	115	...	...
Average size of census families	3.2	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	970	...	...
Total couple families	835	...	...
Married couples	705	...	...
With children⁶	495	...	...
Without children	215	...	...
Common-law couples	130	...	...
With children⁶	60	...	...
Without children	70	...	...
Total one-parent families	135	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	100	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	40	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	3,460	1,715	1,750
Total - Persons in census families	3,090	1,550	1,545
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,670	835	835
Parents in one-parent families	135	35	95
Children⁶	1,285	680	605
In a two-parent family	1,065	565	495
In a one-parent family	225	115	110
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	370	160	205
Living alone	210	90	120
Living with other relatives⁷	75	25	45
Living with non-relatives only	85	45	45
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,185	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	840	...	...
Couple-family households	735	...	...
With children⁶	485	...	...
Without children	245	...	...
One-parent-family households	105	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	40	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	50	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	30	...	...
One-person households	210	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	2,580	1,255	1,325
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,415	1,175	1,235
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,600	66,000	44,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,420	1,180	1,240
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	56,000	40,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,245	1,125	1,115
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,800	64,500	39,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,005	1,015	985
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,800	66,000	42,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,075	975	1,100
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,560	2,900	7,350
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	290	120	170
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	4,800	5,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	755	355	410
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	2,545	1,220	1,330
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,355	1,145	1,205
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	66,000	80,400	52,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,365	1,150	1,210
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,550	62,900	44,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,175	1,095	1,080
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	63,300	77,800	48,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,935	985	950
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	63,800	76,400	50,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,040	955	1,085
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,590	7,300	9,720
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	280	135	140
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,850	5,600	8,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	785	415	370
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,680	8,360	9,040
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	2,550	1,215	1,330
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,030	545	490
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	75,000	81,000	67,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	92,600	108,400	75,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	715	360	355
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,600	26,000	18,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,300	38,400	26,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	88.8	92.4	83.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	79.6	82.0	76.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	11.3	7.6	16.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	0.8	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.9	3.9	6.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.4	3.7	5.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	2,585	1,255	1,325
Without total income	170	80	90
With total income	2,410	1,175	1,240
Under $10,000 (including loss)	210	85	120
$10,000 to $19,999	195	85	110
$20,000 to $29,999	275	105	165
$30,000 to $39,999	245	100	150
$40,000 to $49,999	210	90	120
$50,000 to $59,999	195	80	115
$60,000 to $69,999	200	75	120
$70,000 to $79,999	170	90	80
$80,000 to $89,999	155	80	75
$90,000 to $99,999	105	65	40
$100,000 and over	455	320	135
$100,000 to $149,999	310	210	100
$150,000 and over	145	110	35
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	2,585	1,255	1,325
Without after-tax income	160	80	85
With after-tax income	2,420	1,180	1,240
Under $10,000 (including loss)	225	90	130
$10,000 to $19,999	210	90	115
$20,000 to $29,999	325	125	200
$30,000 to $39,999	280	115	165
$40,000 to $49,999	250	105	140
$50,000 to $59,999	265	115	150
$60,000 to $69,999	230	115	115
$70,000 to $79,999	150	90	60
$80,000 to $89,999	125	75	55
$90,000 to $99,999	100	65	35
$100,000 and over	260	190	65
$100,000 to $124,999	135	95	40
$125,000 and over	120	95	25
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	2,585	1,255	1,325
Without employment income	580	240	335
With employment income	2,005	1,015	990
Under $5,000 (including loss)	185	75	105
$5,000 to $9,999	135	55	85
$10,000 to $19,999	200	90	110
$20,000 to $29,999	145	60	80
$30,000 to $39,999	140	60	85
$40,000 to $49,999	145	60	85
$50,000 to $59,999	165	70	100
$60,000 to $69,999	130	60	65
$70,000 to $79,999	150	90	65
$80,000 to $89,999	120	65	55
$90,000 to $99,999	90	60	35
$100,000 and over	390	275	120
$100,000 to $124,999	170	110	60
$125,000 and over	220	165	55
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	2,580	1,255	1,325
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,350	1,140	1,215
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,800	67,000	43,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,355	1,140	1,215
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,600	56,400	39,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,205	1,090	1,120
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,000	67,000	41,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,985	990	995
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,200	69,500	44,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,945	920	1,025
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,050	890	3,120
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	200	90	115
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,800	4,400	10,100
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	2,545	1,220	1,330
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,265	1,100	1,160
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	68,100	83,800	53,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,265	1,100	1,160
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,100	65,600	45,100
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,100	1,055	1,035
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	69,100	84,200	53,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,900	980	920
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	68,200	80,400	55,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,935	930	1,000
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,740	3,440	5,940
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	160	95	65
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,400	7,500	9,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	2,550	1,215	1,330
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,025	545	480
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	74,500	79,500	69,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	90,400	104,400	74,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	655	340	310
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,600	43,200	35,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	43,500	51,000	35,200
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	94.0	96.4	90.4
Employment income (%)	84.0	85.2	82.0
Government transfers (%)	5.9	3.5	9.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.8	1.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,180	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	210	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	975	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,170	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	132,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	108,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	215	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	955	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	146,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	118,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,180	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	80	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	70	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	60	...	...
$100,000 and over	720	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	155	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	150	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	225	...	...
$200,000 and over	190	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,180	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	75	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	90	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	90	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	65	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	100	...	...
$100,000 and over	600	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	195	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	160	...	...
$150,000 and over	250	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	950	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	255	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	550	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	130	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	295	135	160
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	57,600	66,000	53,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,200	55,600	46,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	925	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	143,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	116,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	240	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	164,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	540	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	150,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	135	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	310	155	155
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	72,500	80,000	65,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	59,200	65,000	54,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	3,465	1,710	1,745
0 to 17 years	1,030	540	490
0 to 5 years	280	145	140
18 to 64 years	2,195	1,070	1,125
65 years and over	235	100	135
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	180	90	90
0 to 17 years	65	35	30
0 to 5 years	15	5	5
18 to 64 years	95	45	55
65 years and over	15	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.2	5.2	5.1
0 to 17 years (%)	6.4	6.8	5.6
0 to 5 years (%)	6.0	6.0	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.5	4.2	4.8
65 years and over (%)	6.0	6.0	5.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	3,460	1,715	1,750
0 to 17 years	1,035	545	490
0 to 5 years	285	140	140
18 to 64 years	2,195	1,070	1,125
65 years and over	235	105	130
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	110	60	50
0 to 17 years	40	25	15
0 to 5 years	15	10	5
18 to 64 years	65	35	30
65 years and over	5	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.2	3.4	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	4.0	4.4	3.6
0 to 5 years (%)	4.5	5.0	4.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.0	3.0	2.8
65 years and over (%)	1.6	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	3,465	1,710	1,750
In bottom half of the distribution	1,295	625	670
In bottom decile	155	75	80
In second decile	180	80	100
In third decile	295	155	145
In fourth decile	340	155	190
In fifth decile	325	165	160
In top half of the distribution	2,165	1,085	1,080
In sixth decile	380	185	195
In seventh decile	435	220	215
In eighth decile	475	230	245
In ninth decile	410	220	190
In top decile	465	235	230
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	3,460	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.297	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.364	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.259	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	3,460	1,715	1,750
English only	3,235	1,625	1,610
French only	0	0	0
English and French	175	75	100
Neither English nor French	50	15	35
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	3,460	1,715	1,750
English	3,355	1,675	1,685
French	40	15	25
English and French	15	10	5
Neither English nor French	50	15	35
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	3,460	1,715	1,750
Single responses	3,300	1,630	1,675
Official languages	2,430	1,225	1,205
English	2,400	1,210	1,185
French	35	15	20
Non-official languages	865	400	465
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	865	400	465
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	20
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	20
Amharic	5	5	5
Arabic	35	15	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	0
Vietnamese	15	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	200	100	100
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	5
Cebuano	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	165	80	85
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	10	20
Kannada	5	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5
Tamil	10	5	5
Telugu	5	0	5
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	410	185	225
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	130	55	70
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	130	55	70
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	5
Czech	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	30	10	20
Russian	55	20	35
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	10
Bosnian	5	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5
Serbian	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	10
German	10	0	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	5
Afrikaans	5	5	5
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	165	80	80
Indo-Aryan languages	130	70	65
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5
Gujarati	5	5	0
Hindi	20	15	10
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	20	20
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5
Urdu	40	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	15	15
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	30	10	20
Dari	10	5	5
Iranian Persian	15	10	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	40	55
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5
Portuguese	15	5	10
Romanian	20	15	10
Spanish	50	20	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	145	65	80
Chinese languages	145	65	80
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	115	50	65
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	160	85	75
English and French	15	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	130	70	65
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	3,460	1,715	1,750
English	2,455	1,245	1,210
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	255	110	145
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	255	110	145
English and French	45	15	25
English and non-official language(s)	655	315	340
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	3,460	1,715	1,750
Single responses	3,310	1,640	1,665
Official languages	2,760	1,390	1,375
English	2,755	1,385	1,370
French	5	0	10
Non-official languages	545	255	295
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	545	255	295
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	15	15
Amharic	5	5	0
Arabic	20	10	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	95	45	45
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	40	40
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	15
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5
Tamil	10	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	255	115	140
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	35	50
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	85	35	50
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	10
Russian	45	15	25
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	110	50	60
Indo-Aryan languages	95	45	50
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	15	10	10
Kacchi	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	10	15
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5
Urdu	25	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	5	10
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	15	5	10
Dari	10	5	5
Iranian Persian	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	25	30
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	5	0
Romanian	15	5	10
Spanish	30	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	115	50	65
Chinese languages	115	50	65
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	100	45	50
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	150	70	75
English and French	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	130	65	65
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	3,460	1,715	1,750
None	2,830	1,415	1,415
English	240	115	125
French	35	15	20
Non-official language	285	135	150
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	285	135	150
English and French	5	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	30	20	15
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	15
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	3,410	1,680	1,730
Official languages	3,360	1,660	1,695
English	3,360	1,660	1,695
French	200	95	105
Non-official languages	1,310	610	695
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,310	610	695
Afro-Asiatic languages	120	65	50
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	120	65	50
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	70	40	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	45	20	25
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	370	170	200
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	0	10
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	10	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	360	165	195
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	20	25
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	25	10	20
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	580	270	305
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	190	75	115
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	190	75	115
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	40	20	25
Russian	110	45	70
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	20	10	10
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	15	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	0	20
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	20	0	20
German	20	0	20
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	220	115	105
Indo-Aryan languages	165	85	85
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	0	0
Hindi	85	40	50
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	25	20
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	50	25	25
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	60	35	25
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	55	25	25
Dari	40	20	20
Iranian Persian	20	20	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	155	75	75
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	70	45	25
Spanish	85	35	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	40	10	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10
American Sign Language	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	165	80	80
Chinese languages	165	80	80
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	125	60	65
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	45	25	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	0	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,410	1,685	1,730
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	85	45	35
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	75	40	35
First Nations (North American Indian)	40	15	20
Métis	40	20	15
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	3,330	1,635	1,690
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,410	1,685	1,730
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	40	25	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,370	1,660	1,710
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,170	...	...
Owner	960	...	...
Renter	210	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,170	...	...
Condominium	300	...	...
Not condominium	865	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,170	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	45	...	...
2 bedrooms	260	...	...
3 bedrooms	530	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	335	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,170	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	305	...	...
5 rooms	205	...	...
6 rooms	155	...	...
7 rooms	140	...	...
8 or more rooms	365	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,170	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,145	...	...
More than one person per room	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,170	...	...
Suitable	1,115	...	...
Not suitable	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,170	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	35	...	...
2001 to 2005	85	...	...
2006 to 2010	665	...	...
2011 to 2015	300	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	80	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,170	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,140	...	...
Major repairs needed	30	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,170	...	...
One-maintainer household	515	...	...
Two-maintainer household	615	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	40	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,170	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	185	...	...
35 to 44 years	415	...	...
45 to 54 years	295	...	...
55 to 64 years	130	...	...
65 to 74 years	85	...	...
75 to 84 years	40	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,170	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	865	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	310	...	...
30% to less than 100%	270	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,175	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	365	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	280	...	...
Not suitable only	45	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	805	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,140	...	...
In core need	90	...	...
Not in core need	1,045	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	955	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	85.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	24.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,120	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,104	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	448,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	475,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	215	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	34.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	15.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,760	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,800	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	3,410	1,680	1,725
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	85	30	50
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	75	30	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	10	20
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	15	30
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	3,315	1,650	1,670
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	3,410	1,680	1,730
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	3,140	1,570	1,570
Canadian citizens aged under 18	985	515	470
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,155	1,050	1,100
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	275	115	155
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	3,410	1,680	1,730
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	2,260	1,130	1,135
Immigrants⁸¹	1,125	545	580
Before 1980	35	10	25
1980 to 1990	85	50	35
1991 to 2000	145	75	75
2001 to 2010	400	200	200
2011 to 2021⁸²	450	215	240
2011 to 2015	245	130	115
2016 to 2021	210	80	125
Non-permanent residents⁸³	25	10	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,125	550	580
Under 5 years	70	45	30
5 to 14 years	235	105	130
15 to 24 years	140	60	75
25 to 44 years	580	290	290
45 years and over	105	45	55
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,125	550	580
Americas	70	35	35
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	20	0	20
Other places of birth in Americas	25	15	10
Europe	195	90	105
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	25	10	20
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	40	25	15
Russian Federation	20	10	10
Serbia⁸⁶	10	10	0
Ukraine	25	10	15
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Europe	40	25	20
Africa	110	45	60
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	30	20	10
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	50	20	30
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	15
Asia	755	375	375
Afghanistan	20	15	10
Iran⁸⁸	20	15	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	105	40	60
Hong Kong⁹¹	20	10	10
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	360	185	180
Viet Nam	30	15	15
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	100	50	50
Pakistan	25	15	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	60	30	30
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	205	80	130
Americas	10	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	30	20	15
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	0	15
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	15	0
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	160	65	100
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	25	10	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	25	10	15
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	25	10	15
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	75	30	40
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	3,410	1,685	1,730
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,185	560	620
Second generation¹⁰¹	675	330	340
Third generation or more¹⁰²	1,555	795	760
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,090	535	555
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	775	390	380
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	290	185	100
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	485	205	280
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	225	90	140
Refugees¹⁰⁸	85	55	35
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,090	535	555
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	190	85	100
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	20	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	60	30	30
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	810	395	410
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	3,410	1,685	1,730
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,185	610	575
South Asian	200	110	90
Chinese	190	100	90
Black	125	65	65
Filipino	425	210	210
Arab	45	30	15
Latin American	30	10	20
Southeast Asian	55	35	20
West Asian	65	30	35
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	35	20	10
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	2,225	1,070	1,155
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	3,410	1,680	1,730
Canadian	490	255	235
English	445	230	215
Irish	425	195	230
Scottish	475	225	250
French, n.o.s.¹²²	260	135	130
German	375	190	185
Chinese	220	120	95
Italian	90	30	65
Indian (India)	140	65	75
Ukrainian	270	125	145
Dutch	100	35	65
Polish	110	50	60
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	60	20	40
Filipino	325	170	150
French Canadian	45	15	35
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	80	40	40
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	10	0	0
Métis	50	15	30
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	85	40	45
Russian	140	65	80
Norwegian	100	35	65
Welsh	50	25	25
Portuguese	10	0	0
American	50	15	35
Spanish	45	25	25
Swedish	35	15	20
Hungarian	30	25	0
Acadian	10	10	0
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0
Jewish	55	15	35
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	30	15	15
Greek	0	0	0
Jamaican	25	20	15
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	65	40	30
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	20	0	10
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	75	45	30
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	10	10	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	20	0	20
Danish	25	10	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	30	0	30
Belgian	15	0	15
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	35	20	10
Mexican	20	0	15
Mennonite	30	15	10
Swiss	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	20	10	10
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	45	30	20
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	35	15	20
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	60	20	40
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	50	25	25
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	10	0	0
Australian	15	0	10
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	0	15
Albertan	30	20	15
Ghanaian	20	10	10
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	20	10	10
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	30	10	25
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	3,410	1,685	1,730
Buddhist	40	15	25
Christian	1,610	775	830
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	265	125	135
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	40	0	40
Baptist	15	10	0
Catholic	900	430	465
Christian Orthodox	135	70	65
Jehovah's Witness	10	0	0
Latter Day Saints	45	15	30
Lutheran	25	15	10
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	30	10	20
Presbyterian	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	50	25	20
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	90	55	35
Hindu	70	35	35
Jewish	25	15	15
Muslim	205	105	100
Sikh	50	30	20
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	1,410	705	705
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	3,395	1,675	1,725
Non-movers	3,030	1,490	1,540
Movers	365	180	185
Non-migrants	275	130	145
Migrants	95	50	40
Internal migrants	75	45	30
Intraprovincial migrants	55	35	25
Interprovincial migrants	20	15	10
External migrants	20	10	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	3,230	1,590	1,635
Non-movers	1,880	950	930
Movers	1,350	640	710
Non-migrants	880	450	430
Migrants	465	185	280
Internal migrants	340	140	200
Intraprovincial migrants	155	75	80
Interprovincial migrants	185	65	115
External migrants	120	45	80
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,550	1,215	1,330
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	310	135	170
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,240	1,080	1,160
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,915	940	975
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	100	50	45
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,815	885	930
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,545	1,220	1,330
No certificate, diploma or degree	275	115	155
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	620	295	325
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,650	805	850
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	790	425	365
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	215	170	45
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	60	30	35
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	155	140	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	490	225	270
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	85	30	55
Bachelor's degree or higher	860	380	480
Bachelor's degree	600	275	325
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	75	15	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0
Master's degree	165	75	90
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,915	935	980
No certificate, diploma or degree	70	40	35
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	415	205	205
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,425	690	735
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	665	365	300
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	180	145	35
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	45	20	25
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	135	120	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	415	195	220
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70	25	45
Bachelor's degree or higher	760	325	435
Bachelor's degree	525	220	305
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	15	45
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0
Master's degree	155	75	85
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,550	1,220	1,330
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	895	410	480
Education	80	15	65
13. Education	80	15	65
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	20	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	25	15	10
Humanities	75	30	45
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0
54. History	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	125	35	90
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	15	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	50	15	35
Business, management and public administration	335	115	220
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	320	115	200
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60	35	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	15	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	20	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	75	40	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	65	35	25
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	495	420	70
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	0
14. Engineering	195	150	40
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	95	80	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	90	90	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	75	75	0
48. Precision production	30	25	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	35	10	30
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	0	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	0	15
Health and related fields	255	55	200
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	235	35	200
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	85	35	50
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	45	10	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,915	935	975
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	485	245	240
Education	65	10	55
13. Education	65	10	55
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	20	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	20	15	10
Humanities	65	25	45
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0
54. History	15	0	15
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	115	30	85
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	15	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	45	10	35
Business, management and public administration	300	95	200
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	280	95	185
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	30	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	10	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	15	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	55	30	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	55	30	25
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	440	370	65
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0
14. Engineering	170	140	35
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	95	75	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	70	70	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	65	65	0
48. Precision production	25	20	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	30	0	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	0	15
Health and related fields	200	45	155
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	180	30	155
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	80	35	45
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	40	10	35
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,915	935	975
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	485	245	240
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,430	695	735
Location of study inside Canada	940	460	480
Same as province or territory of residence	700	335	365
Different than province or territory of residence	240	125	115
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	485	230	250
Americas	35	15	20
United States of America	20	10	10
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	85	45	40
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	30	15	15
Russian Federation	15	0	10
Ukraine	10	10	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	35	20	15
Nigeria	15	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	15	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	320	150	170
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	15	0	15
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	25	10	15
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	175	90	85
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	60	30	35
Pakistan	20	10	10
Other locations of study in Asia	10	10	0
Oceania	10	0	10
Australia	10	0	10
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	2,545	1,220	1,330
In the labour force	1,815	955	865
Employed	1,665	880	790
Unemployed	150	75	75
Not in the labour force	730	260	470
Participation rate	71.3	78.3	65.0
Employment rate	65.4	72.1	59.4
Unemployment rate	8.3	7.9	8.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	2,550	1,220	1,330
Did not work¹⁸⁶	740	275	460
Worked	1,810	940	870
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,065	575	490
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	745	370	380
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.1	42.6	41.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,815	955	860
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	15	15
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,785	940	845
Employee	1,500	750	745
Permanent position	1,360	700	660
Temporary position	135	50	85
Fixed term (1 year or more)	40	10	30
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	95	40	55
Self-employed¹⁹²	285	185	100
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,815	955	860
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	15	15
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,785	940	845
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	15	15	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	440	125	315
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	215	155	60
3 Health occupations	145	20	125
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	150	25	120
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	30	20	15
6 Sales and service occupations	410	220	190
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	320	300	25
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	55	55	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,815	955	860
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	15	15
All industries¹⁹¹	1,785	940	845
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	85	45	40
22 Utilities	10	0	0
23 Construction	205	165	40
31-33 Manufacturing	130	95	30
41 Wholesale trade	70	30	45
44-45 Retail trade	185	110	75
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	90	70	20
51 Information and cultural industries	30	15	10
52 Finance and insurance	65	30	40
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	25	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	230	130	95
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	50	15	30
61 Educational services	85	25	60
62 Health care and social assistance	240	40	200
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	90	45	45
81 Other services (except public administration)	75	40	30
91 Public administration	90	40	50
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,930	990	940
English	1,865	960	910
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	15	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	45	30	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,930	990	940
Single responses	1,920	985	935
Official languages	1,920	985	935
English	1,920	985	935
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,930	990	940
None	1,875	965	910
English	0	0	0
French	10	0	0
Non-official language	25	10	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	25	10	15
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,665	880	790
Worked at home	505	225	285
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	235	185	50
Usual place of work	925	470	460
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	925	470	460
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	825	420	405
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	85	35	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,160	655	505
Car, truck or van	1,055	620	440
Car, truck or van - as a driver	980	590	385
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	80	30	60
Public transit	50	15	30
Walked	30	20	15
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	20	0	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,160	655	505
Less than 15 minutes	240	105	130
15 to 29 minutes	510	295	215
30 to 44 minutes	280	175	100
45 to 59 minutes	60	30	25
60 minutes and over	70	40	35
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,160	655	505
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	80	65	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	235	165	65
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	365	205	165
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	165	75	90
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	150	70	80
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	160	75	90
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,050	545	500
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	55	20	30
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	995	525	470
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	790	420	375
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	40	15	25
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	10	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	5	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	750	405	350

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 1, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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