Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062556More information: Alberta [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	3,409	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,530	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,456	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5,410.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.63	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	3,410	1,615	1,790
0 to 14 years	760	390	370
0 to 4 years	310	155	155
5 to 9 years	270	140	130
10 to 14 years	175	100	75
15 to 64 years	2,365	1,105	1,260
15 to 19 years	115	55	60
20 to 24 years	145	60	85
25 to 29 years	305	140	170
30 to 34 years	475	220	255
35 to 39 years	430	200	230
40 to 44 years	305	165	145
45 to 49 years	215	110	105
50 to 54 years	125	65	60
55 to 59 years	125	50	75
60 to 64 years	125	50	80
65 years and over	285	115	165
65 to 69 years	120	50	70
70 to 74 years	90	40	50
75 to 79 years	35	15	20
80 to 84 years	25	5	15
85 years and over	10	5	5
85 to 89 years	15	5	5
90 to 94 years	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	22.3	24.1	20.7
15 to 64 years	69.4	68.4	70.4
65 years and over	8.4	7.1	9.2
85 years and over	0.3	0.3	0.3
Average age of the population	33.8	32.9	34.6
Median age of the population	34.0	34.0	34.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,455	...	...
Single-detached house	415	...	...
Semi-detached house	240	...	...
Row house	130	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	680	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,455	...	...
1 person	465	...	...
2 persons	455	...	...
3 persons	230	...	...
4 persons	220	...	...
5 or more persons	85	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,405	1,615	1,790
Average household size	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	2,645	1,220	1,425
Married or living common-law	1,695	845	850
Married	1,340	670	670
Living common-law	350	175	175
Living common law - Never married	295	145	145
Living common law - Separated	10	10	5
Living common law - Divorced	45	25	20
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	5
Not married and not living common-law	950	380	575
Not married and not living common law - Never married	655	300	355
Not married and not living common law - Separated	60	20	35
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	175	50	125
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	65	10	55
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	945	...	...
2 persons	430	...	...
3 persons	230	...	...
4 persons	220	...	...
5 or more persons	65	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	945	...	...
Total couple families	830	...	...
Married couples	655	...	...
With children⁶	415	...	...
Without children	245	...	...
Common-law couples	175	...	...
With children⁶	55	...	...
Without children	125	...	...
Total one-parent families	115	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	95	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	15	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	3,405	1,615	1,795
Total - Persons in census families	2,765	1,345	1,420
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,665	830	835
Parents in one-parent families	110	20	95
Children⁶	990	495	495
In a two-parent family	825	415	410
In a one-parent family	165	85	80
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	640	270	370
Living alone	465	195	270
Living with other relatives⁷	70	25	45
Living with non-relatives only	105	50	55
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,455	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	870	...	...
Couple-family households	775	...	...
With children⁶	430	...	...
Without children	340	...	...
One-parent-family households	95	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	25	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	25	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	60	...	...
One-person households	465	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	2,645	1,225	1,425
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,550	1,180	1,365
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,400	66,000	46,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,550	1,180	1,365
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,200	55,600	41,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,420	1,150	1,275
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,000	63,200	39,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,185	1,060	1,125
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,800	65,000	42,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,245	975	1,265
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,120	2,500	6,750
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	360	155	210
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,480	6,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	800	325	470
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	2,730	1,300	1,430
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,635	1,260	1,375
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	63,800	74,200	54,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,635	1,260	1,375
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,850	59,700	46,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,500	1,215	1,285
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,300	70,400	48,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,250	1,110	1,135
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	61,400	72,400	50,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,285	1,030	1,250
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,670	7,640	9,520
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	365	165	190
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,680	7,000	10,100
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	810	355	460
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,660	8,600	8,720
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	2,730	1,300	1,430
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,290	705	585
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	71,500	80,000	63,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	82,500	91,200	72,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	740	285	455
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,800	33,600	22,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,800	43,600	29,300
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	88.2	91.6	84.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	82.2	86.0	77.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	11.8	8.4	16.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	1.3	2.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.6	3.5	6.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.2	3.2	5.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	2,645	1,220	1,425
Without total income	100	40	60
With total income	2,545	1,185	1,365
Under $10,000 (including loss)	160	50	110
$10,000 to $19,999	180	55	120
$20,000 to $29,999	290	100	185
$30,000 to $39,999	260	105	155
$40,000 to $49,999	280	105	175
$50,000 to $59,999	255	95	155
$60,000 to $69,999	235	125	115
$70,000 to $79,999	215	125	90
$80,000 to $89,999	125	70	55
$90,000 to $99,999	120	60	55
$100,000 and over	430	285	145
$100,000 to $149,999	315	195	120
$150,000 and over	115	90	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	2,645	1,220	1,425
Without after-tax income	100	40	60
With after-tax income	2,545	1,185	1,365
Under $10,000 (including loss)	165	50	115
$10,000 to $19,999	185	55	125
$20,000 to $29,999	335	125	215
$30,000 to $39,999	325	120	205
$40,000 to $49,999	360	140	225
$50,000 to $59,999	305	160	145
$60,000 to $69,999	245	135	110
$70,000 to $79,999	180	100	75
$80,000 to $89,999	140	80	60
$90,000 to $99,999	105	60	45
$100,000 and over	195	145	45
$100,000 to $124,999	110	80	30
$125,000 and over	85	70	20
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	2,645	1,220	1,425
Without employment income	460	170	295
With employment income	2,180	1,055	1,130
Under $5,000 (including loss)	190	65	125
$5,000 to $9,999	130	40	90
$10,000 to $19,999	175	65	110
$20,000 to $29,999	185	65	115
$30,000 to $39,999	155	65	90
$40,000 to $49,999	200	85	115
$50,000 to $59,999	195	90	100
$60,000 to $69,999	200	115	90
$70,000 to $79,999	150	90	60
$80,000 to $89,999	125	70	50
$90,000 to $99,999	110	45	60
$100,000 and over	375	260	115
$100,000 to $124,999	190	120	70
$125,000 and over	180	145	40
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	2,645	1,225	1,425
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,505	1,160	1,340
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,000	68,000	44,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,505	1,160	1,340
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,800	56,000	40,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,390	1,130	1,260
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,800	66,500	42,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,170	1,040	1,125
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,800	68,000	44,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,105	930	1,175
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,010	890	1,760
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	225	90	130
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,960	4,360	9,100
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	2,730	1,300	1,430
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,600	1,240	1,360
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	62,850	73,400	53,250
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,600	1,240	1,360
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,950	58,900	45,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,510	1,220	1,290
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,000	71,600	51,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,270	1,100	1,170
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,250	75,000	52,100
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,175	1,005	1,180
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,556	3,450	5,490
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	255	130	120
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,400	4,900	10,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	2,730	1,300	1,430
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,270	695	575
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	69,500	77,000	62,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	79,400	87,800	69,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	700	260	440
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,800	55,600	34,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	46,200	59,600	38,200
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	94.0	96.4	91.0
Employment income (%)	88.0	90.8	84.4
Government transfers (%)	6.1	3.8	9.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.7	1.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,455	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	465	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	985	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,465	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	114,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	95,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	415	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	60,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,050	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	136,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	112,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,455	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	45	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	85	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	95	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	105	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	90	...	...
$100,000 and over	715	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	225	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	150	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200	...	...
$200,000 and over	140	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,455	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	50	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	50	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	70	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	120	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	120	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	130	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	115	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	110	...	...
$100,000 and over	550	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	215	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	155	...	...
$150,000 and over	180	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	945	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	345	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	460	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	110	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	570	245	325
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	57,600	63,200	54,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,200	52,400	46,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,000	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	137,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	430	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	126,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	104,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	440	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	155,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	95	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	520	240	280
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	59,000	61,200	57,200
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,800	51,600	48,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	3,410	1,615	1,790
0 to 17 years	845	435	415
0 to 5 years	380	185	195
18 to 64 years	2,280	1,065	1,215
65 years and over	285	115	165
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	225	95	135
0 to 17 years	45	25	20
0 to 5 years	20	10	15
18 to 64 years	145	55	90
65 years and over	40	15	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.7	5.8	7.6
0 to 17 years (%)	5.4	5.6	5.2
0 to 5 years (%)	5.2	4.0	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.4	5.4	7.3
65 years and over (%)	13.0	10.0	15.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	3,405	1,615	1,795
0 to 17 years	845	430	410
0 to 5 years	380	185	195
18 to 64 years	2,285	1,070	1,215
65 years and over	280	120	165
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	150	60	85
0 to 17 years	25	10	10
0 to 5 years	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	100	40	65
65 years and over	20	5	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.3	3.7	4.9
0 to 17 years (%)	3.0	3.2	2.8
0 to 5 years (%)	2.8	2.0	3.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.6	3.8	5.2
65 years and over (%)	6.0	4.0	8.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	3,410	1,615	1,790
In bottom half of the distribution	1,300	570	735
In bottom decile	205	80	125
In second decile	195	85	115
In third decile	285	130	150
In fourth decile	275	125	150
In fifth decile	340	155	190
In top half of the distribution	2,105	1,045	1,060
In sixth decile	385	200	190
In seventh decile	450	235	210
In eighth decile	465	220	245
In ninth decile	470	220	250
In top decile	335	170	165
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	3,405	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.280	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.353	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.246	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	3,405	1,615	1,795
English only	3,160	1,515	1,645
French only	0	0	0
English and French	180	85	100
Neither English nor French	65	20	50
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	3,405	1,615	1,795
English	3,280	1,570	1,710
French	40	15	20
English and French	20	10	15
Neither English nor French	65	15	50
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	3,405	1,615	1,795
Single responses	3,245	1,545	1,705
Official languages	2,285	1,110	1,175
English	2,250	1,095	1,155
French	35	15	20
Non-official languages	960	430	530
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	960	430	530
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	20
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	20
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	35	15	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	240	100	145
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	5
Indonesian	5	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	205	80	120
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	5	10
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5
Tamil	5	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	480	230	255
Albanian	10	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	125	60	65
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	120	60	65
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	0
Polish	25	15	10
Russian	65	25	35
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	10
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	5
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	5	5
German	10	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5
Afrikaans	5	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	110	50	60
Indo-Aryan languages	100	45	55
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	0
Gujarati	15	10	10
Hindi	10	5	10
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5
Nepali	5	5	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	15	20
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	5	5
Dari	5	5	5
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	215	100	115
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5
Portuguese	35	15	20
Romanian	15	5	5
Spanish	155	70	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5
Korean	30	15	10
Mongolian	15	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	95	40	60
Chinese languages	95	40	60
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	60	25	35
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	160	70	90
English and French	10	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	135	60	75
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	3,405	1,615	1,795
English	2,295	1,105	1,185
French	10	5	0
Non-official language	275	115	160
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	275	115	160
English and French	25	10	15
English and non-official language(s)	765	360	405
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	5	15
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	3,405	1,615	1,795
Single responses	3,225	1,530	1,695
Official languages	2,620	1,260	1,360
English	2,610	1,250	1,355
French	15	5	5
Non-official languages	605	270	335
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	605	270	335
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	25	10	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	145	60	85
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	115	50	65
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	5
Tamil	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	300	135	165
Albanian	10	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	30	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	70	30	40
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	0
Polish	10	5	5
Russian	40	15	25
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	70	30	40
Indo-Aryan languages	65	30	35
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	5
Hindi	10	5	5
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	5
Nepali	5	5	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	10	20
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	0
Dari	5	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	155	70	80
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0
Portuguese	25	10	10
Romanian	5	5	5
Spanish	115	55	60
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	10
Mongolian	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	30	45
Chinese languages	70	30	45
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	50	25	30
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	175	85	100
English and French	5	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	170	75	95
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	3,405	1,615	1,795
None	2,720	1,295	1,425
English	275	135	140
French	25	10	15
Non-official language	305	140	160
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	305	140	160
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	20
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	20
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	3,400	1,665	1,735
Official languages	3,325	1,645	1,685
English	3,325	1,645	1,685
French	195	70	120
Non-official languages	1,250	565	680
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,250	565	680
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	25	35
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	25	35
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	55	20	30
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	365	145	215
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	20	15
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	340	140	200
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	555	270	285
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	120	55	65
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	120	55	65
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	15	0	10
Russian	95	45	50
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	20	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	30	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	15	0	0
German	15	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	15	0
Afrikaans	15	15	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	65	25	40
Indo-Aryan languages	50	15	30
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	10	10
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	10	10	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	340	165	175
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	25	20	10
Portuguese	65	35	30
Romanian	25	10	15
Spanish	250	110	135
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10
Korean	65	35	35
Mongolian	25	10	20
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	130	60	65
Chinese languages	130	60	65
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	110	50	60
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	15	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,400	1,665	1,735
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	85	50	35
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	85	50	35
First Nations (North American Indian)	35	15	15
Métis	55	30	20
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	3,315	1,615	1,700
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,400	1,665	1,735
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	25	15	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,375	1,650	1,725
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,460	...	...
Owner	1,060	...	...
Renter	400	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,460	...	...
Condominium	760	...	...
Not condominium	705	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,460	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	235	...	...
2 bedrooms	625	...	...
3 bedrooms	465	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	135	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,460	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	800	...	...
5 rooms	265	...	...
6 rooms	160	...	...
7 rooms	80	...	...
8 or more rooms	160	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,460	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,430	...	...
More than one person per room	30	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,460	...	...
Suitable	1,415	...	...
Not suitable	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,460	...	...
1960 or before	15	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	20	...	...
2006 to 2010	40	...	...
2011 to 2015	465	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	915	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,460	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,455	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,460	...	...
One-maintainer household	665	...	...
Two-maintainer household	750	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	50	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,460	...	...
15 to 24 years	45	...	...
25 to 34 years	450	...	...
35 to 44 years	430	...	...
45 to 54 years	215	...	...
55 to 64 years	145	...	...
65 to 74 years	115	...	...
75 to 84 years	45	...	...
85 years and over	15	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,460	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,135	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	330	...	...
30% to less than 100%	310	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,460	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	370	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	320	...	...
Not suitable only	40	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,090	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,440	...	...
In core need	130	...	...
Not in core need	1,310	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,060	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	90.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	16.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,960	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,996	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	376,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	402,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	400	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	37.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,470	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,545	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	3,395	1,665	1,735
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	35	30	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	30	25	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	15	10	0
Métis single ancestry	15	15	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	65	35	30
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	65	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	10	15
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	40	25	15
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	3,300	1,600	1,700
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	3,395	1,665	1,735
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	2,930	1,450	1,480
Canadian citizens aged under 18	695	380	320
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,235	1,070	1,165
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	470	220	250
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	3,395	1,665	1,735
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	2,220	1,145	1,075
Immigrants⁸¹	1,110	490	620
Before 1980	45	20	30
1980 to 1990	75	35	40
1991 to 2000	95	25	65
2001 to 2010	345	165	180
2011 to 2021⁸²	550	245	305
2011 to 2015	290	145	145
2016 to 2021	265	100	160
Non-permanent residents⁸³	65	35	35
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,110	490	620
Under 5 years	90	25	60
5 to 14 years	200	85	120
15 to 24 years	135	75	60
25 to 44 years	575	260	310
45 years and over	115	40	70
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,110	490	620
Americas	165	80	85
Brazil	20	10	10
Colombia	20	10	15
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	25	15	10
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	30	10	20
Other places of birth in Americas	55	20	35
Europe	225	110	115
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	15	15	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	15	10	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	20	10	0
Russian Federation	45	20	25
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	20	15
United Kingdom⁸⁷	55	15	35
Other places of birth in Europe	40	20	15
Africa	70	25	50
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	30	0	25
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	15	10
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	10
Asia	630	265	370
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	90	50	45
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	35	15	20
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	330	135	195
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	50	15	30
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	85	30	60
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	10
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	265	100	165
Americas	30	10	20
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	40	20	25
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	10	10
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0
Africa	20	10	15
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	15	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	165	60	105
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	35	15	20
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	15	0	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	20	0	15
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	75	30	40
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	10
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	3,400	1,665	1,735
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,205	530	675
Second generation¹⁰¹	680	365	320
Third generation or more¹⁰²	1,515	775	740
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,070	470	595
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	740	325	415
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	310	155	155
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	425	165	260
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	235	105	125
Refugees¹⁰⁸	90	40	55
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,070	470	595
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	55	30	20
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	215	100	115
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	35	15	20
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	95	30	70
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	665	300	370
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	3,400	1,665	1,735
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,215	550	665
South Asian	155	75	80
Chinese	120	55	70
Black	35	0	30
Filipino	405	170	235
Arab	55	25	30
Latin American	210	105	100
Southeast Asian	45	30	15
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	60	35	30
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	35	15	25
Multiple visible minorities	65	30	35
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	2,185	1,115	1,070
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	3,400	1,665	1,735
Canadian	325	185	135
English	635	290	345
Irish	495	220	270
Scottish	490	230	260
French, n.o.s.¹²²	220	130	90
German	370	200	170
Chinese	180	75	105
Italian	85	45	30
Indian (India)	115	55	60
Ukrainian	200	95	105
Dutch	125	70	55
Polish	130	70	60
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	120	55	65
Filipino	405	180	230
French Canadian	15	0	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	85	40	40
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	10	0	0
Métis	60	45	15
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	65	35	30
Russian	80	30	50
Norwegian	105	45	60
Welsh	90	60	35
Portuguese	30	15	15
American	40	15	20
Spanish	50	25	25
Swedish	35	0	30
Hungarian	65	20	40
Acadian	20	0	20
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0
Jewish	10	10	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	25	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	45	20	25
Greek	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	45	25	20
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	50	20	30
Romanian	50	25	20
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	20	10	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	20	10	10
Danish	35	25	10
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	10	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	35	10	25
Belgian	10	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	20	0	15
Mexican	60	40	20
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	10	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	10
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	30	15	15
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	15	0	10
Colombian	60	25	30
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	15	0	15
Syrian	15	0	15
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	15	0	15
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	20	10	15
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	15	10	0
Australian	25	10	15
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	25	0	20
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	30	10	15
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	15	10	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	10	0	10
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	35	10	20
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	3,400	1,665	1,735
Buddhist	25	0	25
Christian	1,815	845	970
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	360	175	190
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	80	30	50
Baptist	55	40	15
Catholic	940	445	500
Christian Orthodox	85	35	55
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	40	15	25
Lutheran	20	10	10
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	35	10	25
Presbyterian	20	10	10
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	40	10	30
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	125	60	65
Hindu	25	10	15
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	70	30	40
Sikh	25	15	15
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	10	0	10
No religion and secular perspectives	1,415	750	665
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	3,345	1,645	1,700
Non-movers	2,755	1,330	1,430
Movers	585	310	270
Non-migrants	430	225	205
Migrants	155	90	60
Internal migrants	145	80	60
Intraprovincial migrants	90	55	35
Interprovincial migrants	55	25	25
External migrants	15	15	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	3,100	1,505	1,595
Non-movers	920	430	495
Movers	2,175	1,080	1,095
Non-migrants	1,505	760	755
Migrants	670	320	350
Internal migrants	480	235	245
Intraprovincial migrants	225	120	105
Interprovincial migrants	255	120	135
External migrants	190	85	105
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,730	1,300	1,430
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	285	165	115
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,450	1,130	1,320
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,190	1,065	1,120
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	115	95	20
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,075	975	1,100
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,735	1,300	1,430
No certificate, diploma or degree	255	150	105
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	585	270	315
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,895	885	1,015
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	835	495	340
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	200	155	45
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	70	45	30
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	130	115	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	490	260	230
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	145	80	60
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,060	385	675
Bachelor's degree	840	280	560
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80	25	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0
Master's degree	120	70	50
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	10	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,190	1,065	1,125
No certificate, diploma or degree	100	80	20
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	410	190	225
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,675	785	885
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	705	430	270
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	190	145	45
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	70	40	30
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	125	105	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	390	220	170
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	125	65	55
Bachelor's degree or higher	970	360	615
Bachelor's degree	780	265	510
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	25	45
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0
Master's degree	105	60	50
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,735	1,305	1,430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	840	420	420
Education	185	30	155
13. Education	185	30	155
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	15	35
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	10	35
Humanities	70	20	55
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	0	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0
54. History	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	190	60	135
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	10	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	30	15	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	60	0	55
45. Social sciences	55	25	25
Business, management and public administration	360	160	205
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	360	160	200
Physical and life sciences and technologies	90	30	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	15	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	0	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	10	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	115	85	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105	85	20
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	465	395	70
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	195	145	50
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	95	85	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	80	75	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	60	60	0
48. Precision production	25	25	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	35	10	20
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	0	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	0
Health and related fields	270	55	215
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	0	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	235	50	195
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	65	25	40
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	35	0	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,185	1,065	1,125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	515	275	235
Education	170	25	145
13. Education	170	25	145
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	20	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	40	10	30
Humanities	50	10	45
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	175	55	120
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	10	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	20	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	60	0	55
45. Social sciences	45	30	20
Business, management and public administration	330	140	190
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	330	140	185
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75	20	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	15	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	0	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	110	80	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105	80	20
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	440	370	70
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	195	135	50
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	95	85	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	75	70	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	50	50	0
48. Precision production	25	25	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	10	20
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	15	0	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0
Health and related fields	205	40	165
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	0	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	190	40	150
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	45	20	25
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	30	10	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,185	1,065	1,125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	515	275	235
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,675	790	885
Location of study inside Canada	1,180	575	605
Same as province or territory of residence	825	410	420
Different than province or territory of residence	355	165	190
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	495	220	275
Americas	110	35	70
United States of America	40	15	25
Mexico	20	0	15
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	30	10	20
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	80	45	30
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	10	0
Ukraine	15	15	0
Ireland⁹⁶	20	10	10
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	20	20	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	15	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	275	115	160
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	25	15	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	30	15	20
Philippines	155	60	100
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	40	20	25
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	15	10	10
Oceania	10	0	10
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	2,735	1,300	1,430
In the labour force	2,150	1,075	1,080
Employed	1,990	1,000	990
Unemployed	165	75	90
Not in the labour force	580	230	350
Participation rate	78.6	82.7	75.5
Employment rate	72.8	76.9	69.2
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.0	8.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	2,735	1,305	1,430
Did not work¹⁸⁶	660	290	375
Worked	2,070	1,015	1,055
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,310	715	600
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	755	295	455
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	44.5	41.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,150	1,075	1,080
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	15	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,125	1,055	1,070
Employee	1,920	940	980
Permanent position	1,690	845	845
Temporary position	230	90	140
Fixed term (1 year or more)	105	45	60
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	130	50	80
Self-employed¹⁹²	205	115	85
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,150	1,075	1,080
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	15	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,125	1,055	1,070
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	415	115	300
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	310	220	90
3 Health occupations	170	35	135
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	235	45	190
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	40	20	20
6 Sales and service occupations	490	200	295
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	360	350	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	40	30	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	60	40	20
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,150	1,075	1,080
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	15	10
All industries¹⁹¹	2,125	1,055	1,070
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	90	70	20
22 Utilities	35	10	20
23 Construction	230	210	25
31-33 Manufacturing	80	70	10
41 Wholesale trade	110	55	50
44-45 Retail trade	170	70	105
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	115	85	35
51 Information and cultural industries	30	10	15
52 Finance and insurance	105	50	55
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	50	25	25
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	275	155	115
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	30	30	0
61 Educational services	165	20	145
62 Health care and social assistance	315	65	245
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	135	40	100
81 Other services (except public administration)	90	50	40
91 Public administration	80	30	50
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,250	1,115	1,135
English	2,145	1,065	1,075
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	25	10	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	25	10	15
English and French	15	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	65	20	35
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,250	1,115	1,135
Single responses	2,250	1,115	1,135
Official languages	2,215	1,095	1,120
English	2,210	1,095	1,115
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	30	20	15
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	30	20	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	10
Chinese languages	15	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,250	1,115	1,135
None	2,175	1,080	1,090
English	15	10	0
French	15	10	0
Non-official language	50	15	35
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	50	15	35
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,990	995	990
Worked at home	570	255	320
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	280	205	80
Usual place of work	1,130	540	590
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,130	540	590
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,005	450	555
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	95	80	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	10	10
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,415	745	670
Car, truck or van	1,235	660	575
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,165	630	530
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	70	25	40
Public transit	45	25	20
Walked	65	25	40
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	65	30	35
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,415	745	670
Less than 15 minutes	325	120	205
15 to 29 minutes	630	365	260
30 to 44 minutes	340	180	160
45 to 59 minutes	55	40	15
60 minutes and over	60	45	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,415	745	670
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	80	70	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	315	205	110
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	450	200	250
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	230	110	120
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	145	65	75
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	190	90	100
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	845	435	415
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	40	20	20
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	810	415	390
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	515	265	245
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	10	10
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	0	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	495	260	235

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...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 15, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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