Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062552More information: Alberta [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	4,380	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,664	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,629	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,285.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1.92	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	4,380	2,155	2,220
0 to 14 years	1,120	575	550
0 to 4 years	415	225	190
5 to 9 years	390	195	200
10 to 14 years	320	160	155
15 to 64 years	3,085	1,505	1,585
15 to 19 years	195	100	95
20 to 24 years	210	100	110
25 to 29 years	385	155	230
30 to 34 years	600	310	290
35 to 39 years	560	270	285
40 to 44 years	440	225	220
45 to 49 years	270	140	125
50 to 54 years	185	95	90
55 to 59 years	140	65	75
60 to 64 years	100	50	55
65 years and over	165	75	95
65 to 69 years	80	35	40
70 to 74 years	40	15	25
75 to 79 years	30	15	10
80 to 84 years	10	0	5
85 years and over	10	0	5
85 to 89 years	5	0	5
90 to 94 years	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	25.6	26.7	24.8
15 to 64 years	70.4	69.8	71.4
65 years and over	3.8	3.5	4.3
85 years and over	0.2	0.0	0.2
Average age of the population	30.8	30.5	31.1
Median age of the population	32.4	32.8	32.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,630	...	...
Single-detached house	935	...	...
Semi-detached house	40	...	...
Row house	10	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	640	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,630	...	...
1 person	425	...	...
2 persons	455	...	...
3 persons	265	...	...
4 persons	290	...	...
5 or more persons	200	...	...
Number of persons in private households	4,380	2,155	2,220
Average household size	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	3,260	1,580	1,675
Married or living common-law	2,080	1,040	1,035
Married	1,660	835	825
Living common-law	415	210	210
Living common law - Never married	335	175	160
Living common law - Separated	10	5	5
Living common law - Divorced	65	30	35
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	5
Not married and not living common-law	1,180	535	640
Not married and not living common law - Never married	890	440	450
Not married and not living common law - Separated	90	35	55
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	150	50	100
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	55	15	40
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,165	...	...
2 persons	450	...	...
3 persons	275	...	...
4 persons	310	...	...
5 or more persons	130	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,165	...	...
Total couple families	1,020	...	...
Married couples	815	...	...
With children⁶	605	...	...
Without children	210	...	...
Common-law couples	210	...	...
With children⁶	65	...	...
Without children	140	...	...
Total one-parent families	145	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	110	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	35	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	4,380	2,155	2,220
Total - Persons in census families	3,665	1,805	1,855
Married spouses or common-law partners	2,040	1,020	1,020
Parents in one-parent families	145	30	115
Children⁶	1,480	750	730
In a two-parent family	1,270	640	625
In a one-parent family	210	105	100
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	715	350	365
Living alone	430	200	225
Living with other relatives⁷	115	55	65
Living with non-relatives only	175	100	75
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,625	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	985	...	...
Couple-family households	875	...	...
With children⁶	565	...	...
Without children	305	...	...
One-parent-family households	110	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	60	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	60	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	80	...	...
One-person households	430	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	3,255	1,580	1,675
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,130	1,525	1,605
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,000	61,200	44,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,130	1,525	1,605
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	51,600	40,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,920	1,460	1,465
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,800	59,600	40,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,740	1,380	1,360
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,200	59,600	42,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,745	1,285	1,455
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,080	2,060	7,050
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	470	210	265
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,600	4,600	6,500
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,040	475	570
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	3,165	1,525	1,640
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,055	1,490	1,560
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,750	71,300	48,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,055	1,490	1,560
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,040	58,250	42,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,890	1,460	1,425
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,500	68,000	42,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,665	1,375	1,295
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,700	67,900	42,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,650	1,220	1,430
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,400	5,970	10,470
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	455	195	260
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,640	5,280	7,650
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,025	430	595
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,880	8,040	9,520
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	3,165	1,525	1,645
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,475	880	590
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	68,500	75,000	60,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	75,000	83,000	63,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	970	395	575
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,000	34,400	17,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,200	41,400	26,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	87.8	93.2	80.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	81.4	87.4	72.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	12.2	6.8	19.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.0	2.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.6	3.5	8.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.0	3.3	7.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	3,260	1,580	1,675
Without total income	130	55	70
With total income	3,130	1,530	1,605
Under $10,000 (including loss)	240	95	145
$10,000 to $19,999	215	80	140
$20,000 to $29,999	325	125	205
$30,000 to $39,999	355	140	215
$40,000 to $49,999	360	155	210
$50,000 to $59,999	330	155	180
$60,000 to $69,999	340	175	165
$70,000 to $79,999	235	135	100
$80,000 to $89,999	210	130	80
$90,000 to $99,999	155	95	60
$100,000 and over	360	250	110
$100,000 to $149,999	275	190	90
$150,000 and over	85	60	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	3,260	1,580	1,675
Without after-tax income	130	55	70
With after-tax income	3,130	1,530	1,605
Under $10,000 (including loss)	245	100	150
$10,000 to $19,999	220	75	140
$20,000 to $29,999	405	155	250
$30,000 to $39,999	440	170	265
$40,000 to $49,999	460	215	245
$50,000 to $59,999	435	220	210
$60,000 to $69,999	330	190	135
$70,000 to $79,999	225	140	85
$80,000 to $89,999	140	80	55
$90,000 to $99,999	90	60	30
$100,000 and over	155	115	40
$100,000 to $124,999	90	65	25
$125,000 and over	65	45	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	3,260	1,580	1,675
Without employment income	520	200	315
With employment income	2,735	1,375	1,360
Under $5,000 (including loss)	200	70	130
$5,000 to $9,999	215	85	125
$10,000 to $19,999	235	95	140
$20,000 to $29,999	225	90	135
$30,000 to $39,999	220	95	130
$40,000 to $49,999	300	140	165
$50,000 to $59,999	260	120	140
$60,000 to $69,999	275	145	130
$70,000 to $79,999	205	125	80
$80,000 to $89,999	180	115	65
$90,000 to $99,999	140	90	50
$100,000 and over	300	210	85
$100,000 to $124,999	165	110	55
$125,000 and over	135	100	30
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	3,255	1,580	1,675
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,065	1,495	1,570
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,800	59,600	43,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,065	1,495	1,570
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	50,800	38,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,870	1,430	1,440
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,600	59,600	42,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,705	1,355	1,355
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,400	60,000	43,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,640	1,245	1,395
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,020	890	2,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	335	150	195
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,300	4,720	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	3,165	1,525	1,640
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,965	1,450	1,515
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,550	70,000	45,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,965	1,450	1,515
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,080	57,050	39,520
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,795	1,420	1,380
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,000	69,200	44,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,625	1,330	1,295
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,050	70,400	43,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,580	1,215	1,365
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,316	2,560	5,875
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	290	130	165
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,800	5,700	11,300
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	3,165	1,525	1,645
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,480	875	605
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,800	71,500	53,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	70,200	79,600	56,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	930	380	550
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,000	48,400	24,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	40,400	53,400	31,400
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	93.4	97.0	88.4
Employment income (%)	87.8	92.4	81.0
Government transfers (%)	6.5	3.1	11.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	0.7	2.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,630	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	430	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,200	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,625	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	112,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	430	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	59,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,195	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	126,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	106,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,630	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	55	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	85	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	120	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	135	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	115	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	135	...	...
$100,000 and over	805	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	240	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	215	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	235	...	...
$200,000 and over	125	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,630	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	45	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	50	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	60	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	130	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	145	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	145	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	125	...	...
$100,000 and over	635	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	270	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	180	...	...
$150,000 and over	180	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,140	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	315	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	665	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	130	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	600	300	305
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	58,400	62,000	54,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,600	51,600	46,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,110	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	126,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	350	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	125,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	103,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	615	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	134,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	120	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	655	330	330
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	63,700	68,400	59,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,900	55,400	50,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	4,380	2,160	2,225
0 to 17 years	1,240	635	605
0 to 5 years	520	275	245
18 to 64 years	2,970	1,445	1,525
65 years and over	165	75	95
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	225	110	115
0 to 17 years	70	30	35
0 to 5 years	25	10	15
18 to 64 years	135	70	65
65 years and over	25	5	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.2	5.1	5.2
0 to 17 years (%)	5.4	4.8	6.4
0 to 5 years (%)	4.4	3.0	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.6	5.0	4.2
65 years and over (%)	13.0	10.0	16.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	4,380	2,155	2,220
0 to 17 years	1,240	630	605
0 to 5 years	520	275	240
18 to 64 years	2,970	1,450	1,520
65 years and over	170	80	95
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	130	70	65
0 to 17 years	35	15	20
0 to 5 years	15	5	10
18 to 64 years	90	50	45
65 years and over	5	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.0	3.2	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	3.0	2.4	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	2.8	2.0	4.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.1	3.5	2.8
65 years and over (%)	3.0	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	4,380	2,155	2,220
In bottom half of the distribution	1,875	890	980
In bottom decile	200	100	100
In second decile	285	125	165
In third decile	420	195	230
In fourth decile	465	230	235
In fifth decile	500	240	255
In top half of the distribution	2,510	1,265	1,245
In sixth decile	570	295	285
In seventh decile	590	295	295
In eighth decile	660	330	330
In ninth decile	435	220	215
In top decile	250	130	120
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	4,380	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.248	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.315	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.222	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.7	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	4,380	2,155	2,220
English only	4,140	2,050	2,090
French only	0	0	0
English and French	175	80	95
Neither English nor French	70	25	35
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	4,380	2,155	2,220
English	4,265	2,110	2,160
French	35	20	20
English and French	15	5	5
Neither English nor French	65	25	35
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	4,380	2,155	2,220
Single responses	4,120	2,025	2,095
Official languages	2,870	1,440	1,430
English	2,835	1,425	1,410
French	35	15	20
Non-official languages	1,245	580	665
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,245	580	665
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	35	35
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	35	30
Amharic	10	0	5
Arabic	40	20	15
Aramaic languages	5	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	15	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	380	165	215
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	15	10	5
Cebuano	20	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5
Ilocano	15	10	10
Indonesian	5	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	300	125	175
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	15	15
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	0
Tamil	10	10	5
Telugu	5	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	575	280	295
Albanian	5	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	105	45	50
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	105	45	50
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5
Czech	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	30	15	15
Russian	40	20	25
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	5
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	5	5	0
German	5	5	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5
Afrikaans	5	5	5
Dutch	5	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	270	140	130
Indo-Aryan languages	215	110	100
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	5
Gujarati	30	20	15
Hindi	35	20	15
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	5
Nepali	5	5	5
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	80	40	40
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	5	10
Urdu	30	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	55	25	30
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	25	10	15
Persian languages	25	15	15
Dari	20	10	10
Iranian Persian	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	185	80	105
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	10
Romanian	40	20	20
Spanish	125	55	70
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	20	5	15
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	20	20
Akan (Twi)	5	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	5	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	30	30
Chinese languages	50	25	20
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	5
Burmese	5	0	5
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5
Lao	10	5	5
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	10
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	265	130	130
English and French	10	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	215	110	105
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	10
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	4,380	2,155	2,220
English	2,895	1,450	1,445
French	5	0	5
Non-official language	320	145	170
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	320	145	170
English and French	20	10	15
English and non-official language(s)	1,070	515	555
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	50	25	30
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	4,380	2,155	2,220
Single responses	4,130	2,040	2,095
Official languages	3,345	1,665	1,680
English	3,330	1,660	1,670
French	15	5	5
Non-official languages	790	375	415
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	790	375	415
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	20	15
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	15
Aramaic languages	0	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	220	100	125
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	5	5
Cebuano	15	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	10
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	170	75	100
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	380	180	195
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	25	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	55	25	30
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	10
Russian	35	20	20
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5
Afrikaans	5	5	5
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	195	100	95
Indo-Aryan languages	165	90	80
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10
Hindi	20	10	10
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	5
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	35	35
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	5	10
Urdu	40	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	10	20
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	15	5	5
Persian languages	15	10	10
Dari	10	5	5
Iranian Persian	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	120	50	70
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	10
Romanian	25	15	15
Spanish	80	35	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	20	5	10
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	5	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	25
Chinese languages	45	20	25
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	15	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5
Burmese	5	0	5
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0
Lao	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	5
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	250	120	130
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	235	115	120
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	4,380	2,155	2,220
None	3,415	1,690	1,725
English	360	175	185
French	15	10	5
Non-official language	440	210	225
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	440	210	225
English and French	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	80	35	40
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	60	30	35
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	4,285	2,135	2,150
Official languages	4,210	2,105	2,105
English	4,210	2,105	2,100
French	230	100	130
Non-official languages	1,705	810	895
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,705	810	895
Afro-Asiatic languages	135	70	70
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	130	65	65
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	120	60	55
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	30	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	15	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	490	205	285
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	70	40	35
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	455	180	270
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	70	30	35
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	10	0
Tamil	40	15	30
Telugu	15	10	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	690	375	320
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	125	70	55
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	125	70	55
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	30	25	0
Russian	70	25	45
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	20	10
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	0
Serbian	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	20	25
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	25	15	15
German	25	15	15
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	10
Afrikaans	15	10	10
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	275	150	130
Indo-Aryan languages	260	140	115
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10
Gujarati	15	10	10
Hindi	105	65	35
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	35	40
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	50	25	25
Urdu	65	35	30
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	0	10
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	20	0	10
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	275	140	130
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0
Portuguese	30	20	10
Romanian	70	35	40
Spanish	190	95	90
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0
Korean	20	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	80	25	55
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	15	30
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	50	35	20
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	115	55	60
Chinese languages	90	40	50
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	25	30
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	55	25	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	15
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	20	15	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	4,290	2,135	2,155
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	140	70	65
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	130	70	65
First Nations (North American Indian)	70	30	35
Métis	65	40	25
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	4,155	2,065	2,090
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	4,290	2,135	2,155
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	70	40	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,220	2,095	2,120
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,625	...	...
Owner	1,270	...	...
Renter	355	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,625	...	...
Condominium	795	...	...
Not condominium	835	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,625	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	175	...	...
2 bedrooms	575	...	...
3 bedrooms	575	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	300	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,625	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	755	...	...
5 rooms	245	...	...
6 rooms	205	...	...
7 rooms	160	...	...
8 or more rooms	265	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,625	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,565	...	...
More than one person per room	60	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,625	...	...
Suitable	1,555	...	...
Not suitable	70	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,625	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	40	...	...
2006 to 2010	400	...	...
2011 to 2015	710	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	470	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,625	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,570	...	...
Major repairs needed	55	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,625	...	...
One-maintainer household	715	...	...
Two-maintainer household	855	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	55	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,625	...	...
15 to 24 years	45	...	...
25 to 34 years	560	...	...
35 to 44 years	550	...	...
45 to 54 years	235	...	...
55 to 64 years	140	...	...
65 to 74 years	70	...	...
75 to 84 years	15	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,625	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,255	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	370	...	...
30% to less than 100%	350	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,630	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	465	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	350	...	...
Not suitable only	50	...	...
Major repairs needed only	35	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,160	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,605	...	...
In core need	85	...	...
Not in core need	1,525	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,270	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	93.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	21.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,020	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,012	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	375,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	355	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	26.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,420	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,470	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	4,290	2,135	2,155
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	55	30	30
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	55	30	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	40	25	15
Métis single ancestry	15	10	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	120	55	65
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	105	55	55
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	60	35	25
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	50	25	30
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	4,115	2,050	2,060
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	4,290	2,140	2,150
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	3,605	1,830	1,780
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,120	605	510
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,490	1,220	1,265
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	680	310	375
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	4,290	2,140	2,150
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	2,755	1,405	1,350
Immigrants⁸¹	1,495	715	780
Before 1980	60	35	25
1980 to 1990	45	20	25
1991 to 2000	190	110	80
2001 to 2010	410	180	230
2011 to 2021⁸²	795	370	420
2011 to 2015	370	185	185
2016 to 2021	420	190	235
Non-permanent residents⁸³	40	15	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,490	720	775
Under 5 years	155	90	65
5 to 14 years	280	120	155
15 to 24 years	210	120	85
25 to 44 years	745	345	395
45 years and over	110	45	65
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,490	720	775
Americas	175	85	95
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	45	20	25
El Salvador	10	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	40	25	20
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	30	10	15
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	15
Europe	250	135	115
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	10	10	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	20	10	10
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	45	25	15
Russian Federation	15	0	15
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	70	30	35
Other places of birth in Europe	50	25	25
Africa	190	100	90
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	15	10
Egypt	15	10	10
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	75	35	35
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	25	15
Asia	855	390	470
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	50	20	25
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	10
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	450	185	265
Viet Nam	40	10	25
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	115	65	50
Pakistan	25	15	15
Sri Lanka	45	25	20
Other places of birth in Asia	80	40	45
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	20	10	10
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	420	185	235
Americas	45	20	30
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	45	25	15
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	80	40	40
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	70	40	35
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	250	100	155
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	25	10	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	40	15	25
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	150	55	95
Saudi Arabia	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	4,285	2,135	2,155
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,560	745	815
Second generation¹⁰¹	930	490	440
Third generation or more¹⁰²	1,800	905	900
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,435	680	755
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	925	445	475
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	370	220	150
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	555	225	330
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	360	145	220
Refugees¹⁰⁸	150	85	65
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,435	680	755
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	65	35	25
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	225	110	120
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	45	25	20
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	110	60	50
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	985	440	545
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	4,290	2,135	2,155
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,830	900	930
South Asian	375	210	165
Chinese	150	60	90
Black	255	130	125
Filipino	530	245	290
Arab	120	60	55
Latin American	140	75	70
Southeast Asian	135	55	80
West Asian	15	10	10
Korean	15	0	10
Japanese	20	10	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	75	40	30
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	2,460	1,240	1,220
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	4,290	2,135	2,150
Canadian	465	245	220
English	635	320	320
Irish	425	225	200
Scottish	435	205	235
French, n.o.s.¹²²	285	130	150
German	390	170	220
Chinese	205	80	120
Italian	90	50	40
Indian (India)	185	115	70
Ukrainian	225	110	115
Dutch	130	80	55
Polish	165	100	65
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	95	45	55
Filipino	485	210	275
French Canadian	15	10	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	110	45	65
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	75	35	40
Métis	75	30	45
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	85	45	40
Russian	110	45	60
Norwegian	90	45	45
Welsh	40	15	30
Portuguese	15	0	10
American	75	40	35
Spanish	80	35	45
Swedish	85	45	40
Hungarian	45	10	30
Acadian	10	0	0
Pakistani	70	40	30
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	80	45	35
Jewish	20	15	0
Punjabi	40	15	30
Vietnamese	90	40	50
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	60	20	35
Greek	10	10	0
Jamaican	20	10	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	55	30	20
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	80	35	40
Lebanese	15	10	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	10	10	0
Danish	40	20	20
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	10	10	0
Sikh	35	10	25
Austrian	15	0	15
Belgian	15	0	10
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	45	30	20
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	25	10	10
Finnish	20	10	10
Sri Lankan	55	30	25
Croatian	35	10	20
Japanese	20	10	10
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	0	10
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	30	10	20
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	15	10	0
Colombian	45	20	20
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	10
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	25	15	10
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	20	15	10
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	10
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	75	35	40
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	25	10	10
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	15	10	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	15	0	10
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	30	0	25
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	20	10	15
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	30	15	10
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	30	15	15
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	45	25	20
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	10	10	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	30	15	15
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	4,290	2,135	2,155
Buddhist	135	55	80
Christian	2,025	965	1,065
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	460	225	230
Anabaptist	20	15	10
Anglican	115	40	75
Baptist	45	15	30
Catholic	1,070	515	555
Christian Orthodox	125	60	65
Jehovah's Witness	15	0	15
Latter Day Saints	50	25	20
Lutheran	25	15	10
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	35	25	10
Presbyterian	15	0	10
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	25	0	25
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	25	10	10
Hindu	115	65	55
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	205	115	85
Sikh	85	40	45
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	15	0	10
No religion and secular perspectives	1,705	895	815
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	4,205	2,100	2,105
Non-movers	3,440	1,730	1,710
Movers	760	365	390
Non-migrants	585	290	290
Migrants	175	75	100
Internal migrants	115	65	55
Intraprovincial migrants	70	35	40
Interprovincial migrants	45	30	15
External migrants	55	10	45
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	3,890	1,900	1,990
Non-movers	1,805	920	885
Movers	2,085	980	1,105
Non-migrants	1,380	670	710
Migrants	705	310	390
Internal migrants	485	240	245
Intraprovincial migrants	275	145	130
Interprovincial migrants	215	95	120
External migrants	220	70	150
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,165	1,525	1,640
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	335	190	145
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,830	1,335	1,495
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,635	1,310	1,325
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	180	120	65
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,445	1,190	1,255
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,170	1,530	1,640
No certificate, diploma or degree	290	175	120
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	820	405	420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,055	950	1,100
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	965	490	475
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	235	190	45
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	65	30	30
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	175	160	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	630	265	365
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	100	35	65
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,085	460	625
Bachelor's degree	825	340	485
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	15	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0
Master's degree	170	90	80
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,635	1,310	1,325
No certificate, diploma or degree	150	105	45
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	620	330	290
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,860	875	990
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	850	450	400
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	215	175	35
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	50	25	25
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	160	145	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	535	240	295
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	100	35	65
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,015	425	585
Bachelor's degree	765	310	455
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	15	45
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0
Master's degree	165	90	75
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,170	1,525	1,640
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,115	575	540
Education	90	10	75
13. Education	90	10	75
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	20	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	55	15	40
Humanities	80	30	50
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0
54. History	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	270	55	215
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	30
22. Legal professions and studies	50	0	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	60	0	60
45. Social sciences	90	25	65
Business, management and public administration	485	210	280
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	460	200	260
Physical and life sciences and technologies	80	30	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	35	20	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	105	75	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	75	60	15
25. Library science	15	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	415	360	50
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0
14. Engineering	135	105	30
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	85	70	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	90	90	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	50	50	0
48. Precision production	35	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	25	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	20	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0
Health and related fields	315	55	260
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	0	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	305	55	245
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	115	75	35
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	25	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	65	40	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,630	1,310	1,320
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	770	430	335
Education	85	10	70
13. Education	85	10	70
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	55	20	35
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	50	15	35
Humanities	75	30	45
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0
54. History	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	220	40	180
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	35	0	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10
42. Psychology	55	0	50
45. Social sciences	80	20	60
Business, management and public administration	450	200	245
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	430	195	235
Physical and life sciences and technologies	70	20	45
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	35	15	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	65	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	65	50	10
25. Library science	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	380	340	50
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0
14. Engineering	125	100	25
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	85	65	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	85	80	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	50	50	0
48. Precision production	35	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	40	20	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	20	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	300	55	245
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	0	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	285	55	230
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	95	70	25
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	20	10	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	45	30	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,630	1,310	1,320
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	770	430	335
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,865	880	985
Location of study inside Canada	1,265	600	670
Same as province or territory of residence	940	465	480
Different than province or territory of residence	330	135	190
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	595	280	315
Americas	90	50	45
United States of America	50	20	25
Mexico	20	10	10
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	125	70	55
Belgium	0	0	0
France	20	10	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	25	10	10
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	20	15	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	35	25	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	40	25	20
Nigeria	20	10	15
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	10	0
Asia	330	135	195
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	190	65	120
Viet Nam	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	15	0
India	55	30	25
Pakistan	20	15	10
Other locations of study in Asia	15	0	15
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	3,170	1,530	1,640
In the labour force	2,610	1,350	1,260
Employed	2,370	1,235	1,130
Unemployed	245	115	130
Not in the labour force	555	175	380
Participation rate	82.3	88.2	76.8
Employment rate	74.8	80.7	68.9
Unemployment rate	9.4	8.5	10.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	3,170	1,525	1,640
Did not work¹⁸⁶	610	195	415
Worked	2,560	1,330	1,225
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,555	930	630
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	995	405	600
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.4	45.5	41.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,610	1,350	1,260
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	20	40
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,550	1,325	1,220
Employee	2,290	1,215	1,075
Permanent position	2,020	1,105	915
Temporary position	270	110	160
Fixed term (1 year or more)	120	45	70
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	150	65	90
Self-employed¹⁹²	260	110	145
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,610	1,350	1,260
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	20	40
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,550	1,325	1,220
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	10	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	570	175	395
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	255	200	55
3 Health occupations	205	30	175
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	220	75	150
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	45	20	25
6 Sales and service occupations	620	250	370
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	495	460	35
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	30	30	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	95	75	20
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,610	1,350	1,260
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	20	40
All industries¹⁹¹	2,550	1,325	1,220
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	50	45	10
22 Utilities	25	25	0
23 Construction	300	255	45
31-33 Manufacturing	230	180	50
41 Wholesale trade	135	75	60
44-45 Retail trade	285	120	165
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	115	90	30
51 Information and cultural industries	35	20	15
52 Finance and insurance	120	45	75
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	70	25	45
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	250	125	120
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	95	65	35
61 Educational services	95	15	80
62 Health care and social assistance	345	70	270
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	45	20	30
72 Accommodation and food services	155	65	95
81 Other services (except public administration)	85	30	60
91 Public administration	95	65	30
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,665	1,370	1,300
English	2,550	1,300	1,245
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	35	20	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	20	15
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	65	35	35
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,665	1,370	1,300
Single responses	2,660	1,360	1,300
Official languages	2,605	1,335	1,270
English	2,600	1,330	1,270
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	55	25	30
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	55	25	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	20	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	20	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0
Chinese languages	10	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,665	1,370	1,300
None	2,595	1,330	1,265
English	20	10	10
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	35	20	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	20	15
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,365	1,235	1,130
Worked at home	600	315	285
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	385	280	110
Usual place of work	1,380	645	735
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,375	645	730
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,270	575	695
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	60	30	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	35	30	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,760	920	840
Car, truck or van	1,625	885	740
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,510	850	660
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	120	35	80
Public transit	100	25	75
Walked	0	0	0
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	35	15	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,760	920	840
Less than 15 minutes	300	120	185
15 to 29 minutes	845	445	400
30 to 44 minutes	450	290	160
45 to 59 minutes	65	15	45
60 minutes and over	100	45	60
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,760	920	840
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	160	110	50
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	435	290	145
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	425	195	230
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	325	150	170
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	180	55	125
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	240	120	120
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,250	640	610
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75	45	30
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,180	595	580
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	800	395	405
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	50	30	15
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	15	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	25	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	745	355	385

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 15, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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