Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062552More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48060499More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	4,380	...	...	1,579	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,664	...	...	806	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,629	...	...	763	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,285.2	...	...	4,779.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1.92	...	...	0.33	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	4,380	2,155	2,220	1,580	710	870
0 to 14 years	1,120	575	550	195	95	100
0 to 4 years	415	225	190	85	40	45
5 to 9 years	390	195	200	65	35	30
10 to 14 years	320	160	155	50	25	30
15 to 64 years	3,085	1,505	1,585	950	460	490
15 to 19 years	195	100	95	45	25	20
20 to 24 years	210	100	110	80	40	40
25 to 29 years	385	155	230	130	65	60
30 to 34 years	600	310	290	130	65	65
35 to 39 years	560	270	285	110	50	65
40 to 44 years	440	225	220	105	55	50
45 to 49 years	270	140	125	85	45	45
50 to 54 years	185	95	90	75	40	35
55 to 59 years	140	65	75	85	40	45
60 to 64 years	100	50	55	100	35	65
65 years and over	165	75	95	435	150	285
65 to 69 years	80	35	40	80	40	35
70 to 74 years	40	15	25	85	30	55
75 to 79 years	30	15	10	65	30	35
80 to 84 years	10	0	5	90	35	55
85 years and over	10	0	5	120	20	100
85 to 89 years	5	0	5	50	10	40
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	70	5	60
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	25.6	26.7	24.8	12.3	13.4	11.5
15 to 64 years	70.4	69.8	71.4	60.1	64.8	56.3
65 years and over	3.8	3.5	4.3	27.5	21.1	32.8
85 years and over	0.2	0.0	0.2	7.6	2.8	11.5
Average age of the population	30.8	30.5	31.1	47.0	42.9	50.3
Median age of the population	32.4	32.8	32.0	44.4	41.2	49.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,630	...	...	765	...	...
Single-detached house	935	...	...	175	...	...
Semi-detached house	40	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	10	...	...	70	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	640	...	...	510	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,630	...	...	765	...	...
1 person	425	...	...	360	...	...
2 persons	455	...	...	225	...	...
3 persons	265	...	...	80	...	...
4 persons	290	...	...	60	...	...
5 or more persons	200	...	...	35	...	...
Number of persons in private households	4,380	2,155	2,220	1,485	690	795
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	3,260	1,580	1,675	1,380	615	770
Married or living common-law	2,080	1,040	1,035	640	320	320
Married	1,660	835	825	530	265	260
Living common-law	415	210	210	110	55	55
Living common law - Never married	335	175	160	75	40	35
Living common law - Separated	10	5	5	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	65	30	35	30	15	15
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	5	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	1,180	535	640	740	295	450
Not married and not living common law - Never married	890	440	450	365	195	170
Not married and not living common law - Separated	90	35	55	30	10	20
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	150	50	100	165	45	115
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	55	15	40	190	45	140
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,165	...	...	360	...	...
2 persons	450	...	...	205	...	...
3 persons	275	...	...	75	...	...
4 persons	310	...	...	60	...	...
5 or more persons	130	...	...	15	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,165	...	...	360	...	...
Total couple families	1,020	...	...	310	...	...
Married couples	815	...	...	255	...	...
With children⁶	605	...	...	125	...	...
Without children	210	...	...	125	...	...
Common-law couples	210	...	...	55	...	...
With children⁶	65	...	...	15	...	...
Without children	140	...	...	40	...	...
Total one-parent families	145	...	...	50	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	110	...	...	40	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	35	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	4,380	2,155	2,220	1,485	690	795
Total - Persons in census families	3,665	1,805	1,855	980	490	495
Married spouses or common-law partners	2,040	1,020	1,020	620	315	310
Parents in one-parent families	145	30	115	50	10	35
Children⁶	1,480	750	730	310	165	145
In a two-parent family	1,270	640	625	245	130	115
In a one-parent family	210	105	100	65	35	30
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	715	350	365	510	205	305
Living alone	430	200	225	360	120	240
Living with other relatives⁷	115	55	65	40	15	25
Living with non-relatives only	175	100	75	115	70	40
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,625	...	...	760	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	985	...	...	315	...	...
Couple-family households	875	...	...	280	...	...
With children⁶	565	...	...	125	...	...
Without children	305	...	...	150	...	...
One-parent-family households	110	...	...	40	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	60	...	...	10	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	60	...	...	25	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	80	...	...	50	...	...
One-person households	430	...	...	360	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	3,255	1,580	1,675	1,295	595	700
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,130	1,525	1,605	1,245	575	670
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,000	61,200	44,800	39,600	45,200	36,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,130	1,525	1,605	1,245	575	670
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	51,600	40,000	36,000	40,400	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,920	1,460	1,465	1,115	525	590
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,800	59,600	40,400	33,200	38,800	26,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,740	1,380	1,360	850	425	430
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,200	59,600	42,400	38,000	42,000	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,745	1,285	1,455	1,165	525	640
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,080	2,060	7,050	10,500	8,300	13,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	470	210	265	165	80	85
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,600	4,600	6,500	5,120	6,280	4,080
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,040	475	570	370	185	190
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	3,165	1,525	1,640	1,315	640	670
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,055	1,490	1,560	1,275	630	645
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,750	71,300	48,720	46,200	50,000	42,500
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,055	1,490	1,560	1,275	630	645
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,040	58,250	42,200	40,600	43,600	37,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,890	1,460	1,425	1,150	580	575
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,500	68,000	42,720	38,400	42,200	34,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,665	1,375	1,295	870	460	410
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,700	67,900	42,800	42,200	44,000	40,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,650	1,220	1,430	1,185	580	605
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,400	5,970	10,470	12,380	12,120	12,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	455	195	260	190	125	65
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,640	5,280	7,650	7,000	7,300	6,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,025	430	595	425	250	175
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,880	8,040	9,520	9,200	9,300	9,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	3,165	1,525	1,645	1,315	640	675
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,475	880	590	420	200	220
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	68,500	75,000	60,000	56,800	61,200	53,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	75,000	83,000	63,200	61,600	69,000	54,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	970	395	575	360	205	155
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,000	34,400	17,800	18,800	23,400	13,300
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,200	41,400	26,000	25,000	27,000	22,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	87.8	93.2	80.2	75.2	77.5	72.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	81.4	87.4	72.8	62.2	64.0	60.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	12.2	6.8	19.7	24.9	22.4	27.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.0	2.6	2.2	2.8	1.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.6	3.5	8.4	7.6	8.1	7.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.0	3.3	7.5	6.7	7.4	5.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	3,260	1,580	1,675	1,295	595	700
Without total income	130	55	70	50	20	30
With total income	3,130	1,530	1,605	1,240	575	670
Under $10,000 (including loss)	240	95	145	80	30	50
$10,000 to $19,999	215	80	140	120	50	70
$20,000 to $29,999	325	125	205	235	80	150
$30,000 to $39,999	355	140	215	195	85	105
$40,000 to $49,999	360	155	210	160	75	85
$50,000 to $59,999	330	155	180	130	65	65
$60,000 to $69,999	340	175	165	110	60	55
$70,000 to $79,999	235	135	100	65	30	35
$80,000 to $89,999	210	130	80	35	25	15
$90,000 to $99,999	155	95	60	35	15	15
$100,000 and over	360	250	110	85	55	30
$100,000 to $149,999	275	190	90	70	40	30
$150,000 and over	85	60	25	15	15	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	3,260	1,580	1,675	1,295	595	700
Without after-tax income	130	55	70	50	20	30
With after-tax income	3,130	1,530	1,605	1,240	575	670
Under $10,000 (including loss)	245	100	150	85	35	50
$10,000 to $19,999	220	75	140	125	50	75
$20,000 to $29,999	405	155	250	260	90	175
$30,000 to $39,999	440	170	265	235	110	120
$40,000 to $49,999	460	215	245	190	95	95
$50,000 to $59,999	435	220	210	145	70	75
$60,000 to $69,999	330	190	135	75	40	35
$70,000 to $79,999	225	140	85	45	30	20
$80,000 to $89,999	140	80	55	35	25	10
$90,000 to $99,999	90	60	30	20	10	10
$100,000 and over	155	115	40	35	20	15
$100,000 to $124,999	90	65	25	15	10	10
$125,000 and over	65	45	15	15	5	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	3,260	1,580	1,675	1,295	595	700
Without employment income	520	200	315	445	170	270
With employment income	2,735	1,375	1,360	850	425	425
Under $5,000 (including loss)	200	70	130	95	30	60
$5,000 to $9,999	215	85	125	70	35	35
$10,000 to $19,999	235	95	140	110	45	65
$20,000 to $29,999	225	90	135	85	40	45
$30,000 to $39,999	220	95	130	90	50	35
$40,000 to $49,999	300	140	165	90	40	45
$50,000 to $59,999	260	120	140	75	40	40
$60,000 to $69,999	275	145	130	70	35	40
$70,000 to $79,999	205	125	80	40	20	20
$80,000 to $89,999	180	115	65	20	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	140	90	50	30	20	10
$100,000 and over	300	210	85	70	45	20
$100,000 to $124,999	165	110	55	45	30	15
$125,000 and over	135	100	30	30	15	10
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	3,255	1,580	1,675	1,295	595	700
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,065	1,495	1,570	1,230	565	660
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,800	59,600	43,200	38,000	42,400	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,065	1,495	1,570	1,230	565	660
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	50,800	38,800	34,800	38,000	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,870	1,430	1,440	1,105	525	580
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,600	59,600	42,400	34,800	38,400	31,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,705	1,355	1,355	860	430	430
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,400	60,000	43,200	40,800	44,400	38,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,640	1,245	1,395	1,115	500	610
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,020	890	2,300	2,440	1,080	5,240
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	335	150	195	90	50	40
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,300	4,720	8,500	5,520	5,480	6,240
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	3,165	1,525	1,640	1,315	640	670
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,965	1,450	1,515	1,255	620	635
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,550	70,000	45,640	44,100	49,000	39,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,965	1,450	1,515	1,255	620	635
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,080	57,050	39,520	38,500	42,200	35,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,795	1,420	1,380	1,125	575	545
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,000	69,200	44,400	41,600	46,000	36,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,625	1,330	1,295	880	470	410
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,050	70,400	43,280	45,300	47,600	42,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,580	1,215	1,365	1,145	535	610
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,316	2,560	5,875	7,580	6,920	8,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	290	130	165	90	60	35
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,800	5,700	11,300	8,000	7,600	9,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	3,165	1,525	1,645	1,315	640	675
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,480	875	605	410	190	220
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,800	71,500	53,200	54,400	58,000	52,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	70,200	79,600	56,800	60,400	68,500	53,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	930	380	550	335	200	135
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,000	48,400	24,800	30,600	32,000	27,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	40,400	53,400	31,400	34,800	37,600	30,400
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	93.4	97.0	88.4	84.4	88.0	80.0
Employment income (%)	87.8	92.4	81.0	72.0	74.0	69.5
Government transfers (%)	6.5	3.1	11.6	15.7	12.2	19.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	0.7	2.7	1.3	1.4	1.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,630	...	...	765	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	66,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	59,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	430	...	...	360	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...	42,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,800	...	...	38,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,200	...	...	405	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,625	...	...	760	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	112,300	...	...	77,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	430	...	...	330	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	48,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	59,000	...	...	42,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,195	...	...	430	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	126,800	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	106,600	...	...	87,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,630	...	...	765	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	55	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	45	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	55	...	...	45	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	85	...	...	65	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	120	...	...	75	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	135	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	115	...	...	60	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	135	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 and over	805	...	...	195	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	240	...	...	80	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	215	...	...	50	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	235	...	...	45	...	...
$200,000 and over	125	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,630	...	...	765	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	55	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	45	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	50	...	...	50	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	60	...	...	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	130	...	...	80	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165	...	...	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	145	...	...	70	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	145	...	...	55	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	125	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	635	...	...	140	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	270	...	...	65	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	180	...	...	35	...	...
$150,000 and over	180	...	...	30	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,140	...	...	365	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	315	...	...	160	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	71,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	665	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	130	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	79,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	600	300	305	470	190	280
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	58,400	62,000	54,400	39,600	42,000	38,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,600	51,600	46,400	36,400	38,400	35,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,110	...	...	385	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	126,800	...	...	97,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,600	...	...	84,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	350	...	...	160	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	125,200	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	103,600	...	...	79,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	615	...	...	150	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	134,500	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,600	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	120	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	655	330	330	465	230	240
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	63,700	68,400	59,000	46,200	45,600	46,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,900	55,400	50,400	40,800	40,000	41,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	4,380	2,160	2,225	1,485	690	795
0 to 17 years	1,240	635	605	215	110	105
0 to 5 years	520	275	245	100	50	50
18 to 64 years	2,970	1,445	1,525	920	450	470
65 years and over	165	75	95	350	135	215
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	225	110	115	195	85	110
0 to 17 years	70	30	35	25	15	10
0 to 5 years	25	10	15	20	10	10
18 to 64 years	135	70	65	95	50	50
65 years and over	25	5	15	75	20	50
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.2	5.1	5.2	13.1	12.2	14.0
0 to 17 years (%)	5.4	4.8	6.4	12.0	14.0	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	4.4	3.0	6.0	20.0	20.0	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.6	5.0	4.2	10.6	10.8	10.4
65 years and over (%)	13.0	10.0	16.0	20.0	15.0	24.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	4,380	2,155	2,220	1,485	690	795
0 to 17 years	1,240	630	605	220	105	110
0 to 5 years	520	275	240	105	50	50
18 to 64 years	2,970	1,450	1,520	920	445	475
65 years and over	170	80	95	350	135	215
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	130	70	65	110	55	55
0 to 17 years	35	15	20	15	10	5
0 to 5 years	15	5	10	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	90	50	45	75	40	35
65 years and over	5	5	0	20	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.0	3.2	2.9	7.5	8.0	7.0
0 to 17 years (%)	3.0	2.4	3.4	8.0	8.0	8.0
0 to 5 years (%)	2.8	2.0	4.0	10.0	10.0	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.1	3.5	2.8	7.8	8.5	6.8
65 years and over (%)	3.0	x	x	6.4	5.0	7.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	4,380	2,155	2,220	1,485	690	795
In bottom half of the distribution	1,875	890	980	910	410	505
In bottom decile	200	100	100	165	80	90
In second decile	285	125	165	200	75	120
In third decile	420	195	230	205	95	110
In fourth decile	465	230	235	175	80	95
In fifth decile	500	240	255	165	80	90
In top half of the distribution	2,510	1,265	1,245	575	280	295
In sixth decile	570	295	285	195	90	100
In seventh decile	590	295	295	130	55	75
In eighth decile	660	330	330	115	65	55
In ninth decile	435	220	215	80	40	40
In top decile	250	130	120	60	30	30
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	4,380	...	...	1,485	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.248	...	...	0.289	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.315	...	...	0.417	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.222	...	...	0.259	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.7	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	4,380	2,155	2,220	1,490	690	795
English only	4,140	2,050	2,090	1,385	650	740
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	175	80	95	60	30	35
Neither English nor French	70	25	35	35	15	20
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	4,380	2,155	2,220	1,490	690	795
English	4,265	2,110	2,160	1,435	670	760
French	35	20	20	10	5	10
English and French	15	5	5	10	0	5
Neither English nor French	65	25	35	30	10	20
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	4,380	2,155	2,220	1,490	690	795
Single responses	4,120	2,025	2,095	1,390	645	750
Official languages	2,870	1,440	1,430	910	415	495
English	2,835	1,425	1,410	895	410	480
French	35	15	20	15	5	10
Non-official languages	1,245	580	665	480	225	255
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,245	580	665	480	225	255
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	35	35	20	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	35	30	20	15	10
Amharic	10	0	5	10	5	5
Arabic	40	20	15	15	10	5
Aramaic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	15	20	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	380	165	215	100	45	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	10	10	5	0	0
Indonesian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	300	125	175	85	40	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	15	15	15	10	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	0	5	5	5
Tamil	10	10	5	5	5	5
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	575	280	295	225	110	115
Albanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	105	45	50	65	30	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	105	45	50	60	25	30
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	15	15	10	5	0
Russian	40	20	25	30	5	20
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	5	10	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	5	10	10	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	5	20	10	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	5	0	15	5	10
German	5	5	0	15	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	10	0	10
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	5	0	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	270	140	130	40	20	25
Indo-Aryan languages	215	110	100	30	10	20
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	5	5	0	0
Gujarati	30	20	15	10	5	10
Hindi	35	20	15	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	80	40	40	10	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Urdu	30	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	55	25	30	15	10	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	25	10	15	0	0	0
Persian languages	25	15	15	15	10	5
Dari	20	10	10	5	5	5
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	185	80	105	95	50	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	10	15	10	5
Romanian	40	20	20	20	10	10
Spanish	125	55	70	60	35	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	20	5	15	35	15	25
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	20	20	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	30	30	40	15	25
Chinese languages	50	25	20	40	15	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10	25	10	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	15	10	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
Lao	10	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	10	15	10	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	10	15	10	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	265	130	130	95	50	50
English and French	10	5	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	215	110	105	85	45	40
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	10	10	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	4,380	2,155	2,220	1,490	690	795
English	2,895	1,450	1,445	940	425	515
French	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-official language	320	145	170	150	70	80
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	320	145	170	150	70	80
English and French	20	10	15	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	1,070	515	555	360	180	185
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	50	25	30	15	5	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	4,380	2,155	2,220	1,490	690	795
Single responses	4,130	2,040	2,095	1,410	645	760
Official languages	3,345	1,665	1,680	1,080	485	600
English	3,330	1,660	1,670	1,080	485	595
French	15	5	5	5	0	0
Non-official languages	790	375	415	325	160	165
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	790	375	415	325	160	165
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	20	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	20	15	20	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Arabic	20	15	15	10	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	220	100	125	70	40	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	10	5	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	170	75	100	60	35	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	10	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	380	180	195	145	70	75
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	25	30	35	20	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	55	25	30	35	15	20
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Russian	35	20	20	25	10	15
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	195	100	95	30	15	20
Indo-Aryan languages	165	90	80	20	5	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	10	5	5
Hindi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	35	35	10	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Urdu	40	20	15	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	10	20	10	5	10
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	15	5	5	0	0	0
Persian languages	15	10	10	10	5	10
Dari	10	5	5	5	5	5
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	120	50	70	70	40	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	10	10	5	5
Romanian	25	15	15	15	10	10
Spanish	80	35	50	45	25	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	5	10	35	15	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	25	30	15	20
Chinese languages	45	20	25	30	15	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	5	20	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	15	15	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	5	0	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	5	0	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	250	120	130	85	50	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	235	115	120	75	45	30
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	4,380	2,155	2,220	1,485	690	795
None	3,415	1,690	1,725	1,155	530	625
English	360	175	185	125	65	65
French	15	10	5	10	0	5
Non-official language	440	210	225	140	60	75
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	440	210	225	140	60	75
English and French	5	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	80	35	40	35	20	15
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	60	30	35	20	5	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	4,285	2,135	2,150	1,545	750	795
Official languages	4,210	2,105	2,105	1,495	730	765
English	4,210	2,105	2,100	1,495	730	765
French	230	100	130	85	45	40
Non-official languages	1,705	810	895	660	320	345
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,705	810	895	660	320	345
Afro-Asiatic languages	135	70	70	60	35	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hausa	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	130	65	65	55	30	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	120	60	55	10	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	30	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	15	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	490	205	285	125	55	70
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	70	40	35	45	15	25
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	455	180	270	125	55	70
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	70	30	35	15	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	40	15	30	10	0	0
Telugu	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	690	375	320	305	165	140
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	125	70	55	80	45	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	125	70	55	80	45	35
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	25	0	15	0	10
Russian	70	25	45	25	20	15
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	20	10	25	15	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	0	25	15	10
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	0	15	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	20	25	30	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	25	15	15	20	10	0
German	25	15	15	20	10	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	10	15	0	10
Afrikaans	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	275	150	130	50	35	15
Indo-Aryan languages	260	140	115	40	25	15
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	105	65	35	25	15	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	50	25	25	0	0	0
Urdu	65	35	30	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	0	10	10	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	20	0	10	10	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	275	140	130	150	75	75
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	25	10	15
Portuguese	30	20	10	10	0	10
Romanian	70	35	40	40	20	25
Spanish	190	95	90	100	45	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	20	0	20
Korean	20	10	10	35	15	20
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	80	25	55	40	20	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	25	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	15	30	20	10	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	50	35	20	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	115	55	60	65	25	40
Chinese languages	90	40	50	65	25	40
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	25	30	45	20	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	55	25	25	30	10	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	15	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	20	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	20	20	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	4,290	2,135	2,155	1,545	750	795
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	140	70	65	70	30	45
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	130	70	65	70	30	45
First Nations (North American Indian)	70	30	35	55	15	35
Métis	65	40	25	20	15	10
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	4,155	2,065	2,090	1,475	715	755
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	4,290	2,135	2,155	1,545	750	795
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	70	40	25	25	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,220	2,095	2,120	1,525	740	785
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,625	...	...	765	...	...
Owner	1,270	...	...	430	...	...
Renter	355	...	...	330	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,625	...	...	765	...	...
Condominium	795	...	...	580	...	...
Not condominium	835	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,625	...	...	765	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	175	...	...	125	...	...
2 bedrooms	575	...	...	435	...	...
3 bedrooms	575	...	...	130	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	300	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,625	...	...	765	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	755	...	...	470	...	...
5 rooms	245	...	...	110	...	...
6 rooms	205	...	...	80	...	...
7 rooms	160	...	...	50	...	...
8 or more rooms	265	...	...	65	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.2	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,625	...	...	765	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,565	...	...	720	...	...
More than one person per room	60	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,625	...	...	765	...	...
Suitable	1,555	...	...	690	...	...
Not suitable	70	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,625	...	...	765	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...	15	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	95	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	315	...	...
2001 to 2005	40	...	...	95	...	...
2006 to 2010	400	...	...	200	...	...
2011 to 2015	710	...	...	30	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	470	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,625	...	...	765	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,570	...	...	720	...	...
Major repairs needed	55	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,625	...	...	765	...	...
One-maintainer household	715	...	...	450	...	...
Two-maintainer household	855	...	...	265	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	55	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,625	...	...	765	...	...
15 to 24 years	45	...	...	25	...	...
25 to 34 years	560	...	...	105	...	...
35 to 44 years	550	...	...	135	...	...
45 to 54 years	235	...	...	105	...	...
55 to 64 years	140	...	...	115	...	...
65 to 74 years	70	...	...	130	...	...
75 to 84 years	15	...	...	75	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,625	...	...	750	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,255	...	...	530	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	370	...	...	225	...	...
30% to less than 100%	350	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,630	...	...	765	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	465	...	...	310	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	350	...	...	200	...	...
Not suitable only	50	...	...	55	...	...
Major repairs needed only	35	...	...	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	15	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,160	...	...	450	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,605	...	...	745	...	...
In core need	85	...	...	165	...	...
Not in core need	1,525	...	...	580	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,270	...	...	430	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	93.7	...	...	54.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	21.7	...	...	24.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.4	...	...	15.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,020	...	...	1,180	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,012	...	...	1,272	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	274,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	375,000	...	...	289,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	355	...	...	330	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	26.8	...	...	36.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.0	...	...	29.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,420	...	...	1,400	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,470	...	...	1,390	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	4,290	2,135	2,155	1,545	745	800
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	55	30	30	30	15	15
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	55	30	30	30	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	40	25	15	25	10	15
Métis single ancestry	15	10	10	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	120	55	65	40	10	30
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	105	55	55	40	10	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	60	35	25	25	10	20
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	50	25	30	15	0	15
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	4,115	2,050	2,060	1,475	725	750
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	4,290	2,140	2,150	1,545	745	800
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	3,605	1,830	1,780	1,190	590	600
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,120	605	510	160	85	80
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,490	1,220	1,265	1,030	505	525
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	680	310	375	355	160	195
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	4,290	2,140	2,150	1,545	745	800
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	2,755	1,405	1,350	850	455	395
Immigrants⁸¹	1,495	715	780	645	265	375
Before 1980	60	35	25	100	25	70
1980 to 1990	45	20	25	30	0	30
1991 to 2000	190	110	80	50	20	35
2001 to 2010	410	180	230	135	75	60
2011 to 2021⁸²	795	370	420	335	145	185
2011 to 2015	370	185	185	55	20	30
2016 to 2021	420	190	235	275	125	150
Non-permanent residents⁸³	40	15	25	55	25	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,490	720	775	640	265	380
Under 5 years	155	90	65	65	15	50
5 to 14 years	280	120	155	95	50	40
15 to 24 years	210	120	85	110	45	60
25 to 44 years	745	345	395	275	105	170
45 years and over	110	45	65	100	50	55
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,490	720	775	640	265	380
Americas	175	85	95	110	55	50
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	45	20	25	25	20	10
El Salvador	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	40	25	20	10	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	30	10	15	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	15	30	15	15
Europe	250	135	115	175	50	120
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	10	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	15	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	0	10
Poland	20	10	10	10	0	10
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	45	25	15	30	15	10
Russian Federation	15	0	15	15	0	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	15	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	70	30	35	60	0	60
Other places of birth in Europe	50	25	25	10	0	10
Africa	190	100	90	110	45	65
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	15	10	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	75	35	35	45	20	30
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	25	15	0	0	0
Asia	855	390	470	250	115	140
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	50	20	25	35	10	25
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	10	15	0	10
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	450	185	265	120	45	70
Viet Nam	40	10	25	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	115	65	50	35	20	15
Pakistan	25	15	15	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	45	25	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	80	40	45	25	10	15
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	20	10	10	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	420	185	235	275	125	150
Americas	45	20	30	45	20	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	20	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	45	25	15	25	15	15
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	25	15	15
Africa	80	40	40	105	45	55
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	70	40	35	45	20	30
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	250	100	155	110	50	60
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	25	10	15	15	0	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	40	15	25	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	150	55	95	65	35	35
Saudi Arabia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	4,285	2,135	2,155	1,545	750	795
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,560	745	815	715	310	405
Second generation¹⁰¹	930	490	440	260	135	125
Third generation or more¹⁰²	1,800	905	900	570	305	265
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,435	680	755	545	240	305
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	925	445	475	290	140	155
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	370	220	150	110	65	45
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	555	225	330	185	75	110
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	360	145	220	135	55	75
Refugees¹⁰⁸	150	85	65	110	40	70
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	15	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,435	680	755	545	240	305
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	65	35	25	30	10	20
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	225	110	120	95	50	45
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	45	25	20	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	110	60	50	15	10	10
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	985	440	545	400	170	230
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	4,290	2,135	2,155	1,545	750	795
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,830	900	930	570	250	310
South Asian	375	210	165	60	30	30
Chinese	150	60	90	70	20	45
Black	255	130	125	130	65	65
Filipino	530	245	290	135	50	85
Arab	120	60	55	10	10	0
Latin American	140	75	70	65	35	30
Southeast Asian	135	55	80	0	0	0
West Asian	15	10	10	10	0	0
Korean	15	0	10	20	0	10
Japanese	20	10	10	25	0	20
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	75	40	30	15	10	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	2,460	1,240	1,220	975	490	485
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	4,290	2,135	2,150	1,545	750	795
Canadian	465	245	220	105	50	55
English	635	320	320	220	90	125
Irish	425	225	200	150	65	90
Scottish	435	205	235	140	55	90
French, n.o.s.¹²²	285	130	150	85	60	30
German	390	170	220	170	90	80
Chinese	205	80	120	80	35	45
Italian	90	50	40	45	20	20
Indian (India)	185	115	70	20	20	0
Ukrainian	225	110	115	105	55	50
Dutch	130	80	55	55	35	25
Polish	165	100	65	65	20	40
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	95	45	55	45	25	20
Filipino	485	210	275	120	50	75
French Canadian	15	10	0	10	0	10
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	110	45	65	25	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	75	35	40	10	0	10
Métis	75	30	45	15	0	10
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	85	45	40	55	30	25
Russian	110	45	60	45	30	15
Norwegian	90	45	45	25	15	10
Welsh	40	15	30	20	0	0
Portuguese	15	0	10	0	0	0
American	75	40	35	10	0	10
Spanish	80	35	45	25	10	20
Swedish	85	45	40	30	15	10
Hungarian	45	10	30	40	25	10
Acadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	70	40	30	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	80	45	35	50	30	25
Jewish	20	15	0	15	15	0
Punjabi	40	15	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	90	40	50	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	60	20	35	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	20	10	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	55	30	20	30	15	10
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	10	10	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	80	35	40	40	20	20
Lebanese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	10	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	40	20	20	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	10	10	0	10	0	10
Sikh	35	10	25	0	0	0
Austrian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Belgian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	30	10	20
Mexican	45	30	20	10	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	15	15	0
Swiss	25	10	10	0	0	0
Finnish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	55	30	25	0	0	0
Croatian	35	10	20	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	10	30	10	25
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	30	10	20	40	20	20
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Colombian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	10	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	20	15	10	20	10	10
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	75	35	40	15	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	25	10	10	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	15	10	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	30	0	25	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	30	15	15
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	30	15	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	30	15	15	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	45	25	20	10	0	10
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	4,290	2,135	2,155	1,545	750	795
Buddhist	135	55	80	10	0	10
Christian	2,025	965	1,065	855	385	475
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	460	225	230	85	30	55
Anabaptist	20	15	10	0	0	0
Anglican	115	40	75	35	10	25
Baptist	45	15	30	0	0	0
Catholic	1,070	515	555	380	180	200
Christian Orthodox	125	60	65	135	65	70
Jehovah's Witness	15	0	15	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	50	25	20	0	0	0
Lutheran	25	15	10	25	15	10
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	35	25	10	10	0	0
Presbyterian	15	0	10	45	10	30
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	25	0	25	40	15	30
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	25	10	10	60	35	25
Hindu	115	65	55	60	30	30
Jewish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Muslim	205	115	85	10	10	0
Sikh	85	40	45	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	15	0	10	30	10	15
No religion and secular perspectives	1,705	895	815	570	295	270
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	4,205	2,100	2,105	1,535	745	795
Non-movers	3,440	1,730	1,710	1,205	595	610
Movers	760	365	390	330	150	185
Non-migrants	585	290	290	280	130	155
Migrants	175	75	100	45	20	30
Internal migrants	115	65	55	20	15	10
Intraprovincial migrants	70	35	40	10	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	45	30	15	15	0	0
External migrants	55	10	45	20	0	20
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	3,890	1,900	1,990	1,440	705	735
Non-movers	1,805	920	885	695	340	350
Movers	2,085	980	1,105	745	360	385
Non-migrants	1,380	670	710	425	205	220
Migrants	705	310	390	325	155	170
Internal migrants	485	240	245	125	55	65
Intraprovincial migrants	275	145	130	55	25	30
Interprovincial migrants	215	95	120	70	30	40
External migrants	220	70	150	195	100	100
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,165	1,525	1,640	1,315	640	675
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	335	190	145	180	80	95
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,830	1,335	1,495	1,135	560	580
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,635	1,310	1,325	845	430	415
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	180	120	65	50	35	15
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,445	1,190	1,255	795	400	390
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,170	1,530	1,640	1,315	640	670
No certificate, diploma or degree	290	175	120	155	65	100
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	820	405	420	435	225	210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,055	950	1,100	725	355	370
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	965	490	475	375	195	180
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	235	190	45	110	75	35
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	65	30	30	40	25	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	175	160	15	75	50	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	630	265	365	215	95	120
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	100	35	65	50	25	25
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,085	460	625	345	160	190
Bachelor's degree	825	340	485	250	110	135
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	15	55	35	10	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	170	90	80	45	25	15
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	20	10	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,635	1,310	1,325	840	430	410
No certificate, diploma or degree	150	105	45	45	25	20
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	620	330	290	260	145	115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,860	875	990	535	255	285
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	850	450	400	270	145	125
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	215	175	35	50	45	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	50	25	25	15	15	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	160	145	10	35	25	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	535	240	295	165	70	90
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	100	35	65	55	20	30
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,015	425	585	270	115	155
Bachelor's degree	765	310	455	185	80	105
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	15	45	30	10	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	165	90	75	40	20	20
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	0	0	15	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,170	1,525	1,640	1,310	640	675
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,115	575	540	590	280	305
Education	90	10	75	55	20	35
13. Education	90	10	75	55	20	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	20	40	30	20	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	55	15	40	25	15	10
Humanities	80	30	50	20	10	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	20	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0	15	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0	0	0
54. History	10	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	270	55	215	70	20	50
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	30	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	50	0	50	20	10	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	60	0	60	20	0	20
45. Social sciences	90	25	65	20	10	10
Business, management and public administration	485	210	280	165	55	110
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	20	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	460	200	260	150	50	100
Physical and life sciences and technologies	80	30	50	35	10	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	20	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	35	20	20	20	0	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	105	75	35	25	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	75	60	15	15	15	0
25. Library science	15	0	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	415	360	50	190	170	20
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	135	105	30	50	50	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	85	70	15	60	40	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	90	90	0	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	50	50	0	40	35	0
48. Precision production	35	35	0	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	25	15	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	20	15	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	315	55	260	105	25	80
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	0	15	20	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	305	55	245	85	10	70
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	115	75	35	30	15	20
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	25	10	10	25	10	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	65	40	25	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,630	1,310	1,320	845	430	415
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	770	430	335	305	175	130
Education	85	10	70	35	10	30
13. Education	85	10	70	35	10	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	55	20	35	25	15	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	50	15	35	25	15	10
Humanities	75	30	45	10	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0	15	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0	0	0
54. History	10	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	220	40	180	60	15	45
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	25	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	35	0	30	20	10	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	55	0	50	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	80	20	60	15	10	10
Business, management and public administration	450	200	245	150	50	100
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	15	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	430	195	235	145	45	95
Physical and life sciences and technologies	70	20	45	30	10	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	20	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	35	15	15	15	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	65	30	15	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	65	50	10	10	10	0
25. Library science	10	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	380	340	50	140	120	20
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	125	100	25	40	40	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	85	65	15	50	30	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	85	80	0	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	50	50	0	30	25	0
48. Precision production	35	35	0	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	40	20	10	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	20	10	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	300	55	245	65	15	50
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	0	15	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	285	55	230	55	10	50
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	95	70	25	10	10	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	20	10	15	10	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	45	30	10	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,630	1,310	1,320	845	430	415
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	770	430	335	305	175	130
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,865	880	985	540	255	280
Location of study inside Canada	1,265	600	670	345	175	170
Same as province or territory of residence	940	465	480	245	125	120
Different than province or territory of residence	330	135	190	100	50	45
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	595	280	315	190	75	115
Americas	90	50	45	35	20	15
United States of America	50	20	25	0	0	0
Mexico	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	15	10	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	125	70	55	30	10	20
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	20	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	25	10	10	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	20	15	10	10	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	35	25	15	10	0	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	40	25	20	15	10	0
Nigeria	20	10	15	15	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	330	135	195	110	40	70
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	15	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	190	65	120	55	20	30
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	15	0	0	0	0
India	55	30	25	20	10	15
Pakistan	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	15	0	15	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	3,170	1,530	1,640	1,315	640	670
In the labour force	2,610	1,350	1,260	820	435	380
Employed	2,370	1,235	1,130	725	375	350
Unemployed	245	115	130	95	55	35
Not in the labour force	555	175	380	495	205	290
Participation rate	82.3	88.2	76.8	62.4	68.0	56.7
Employment rate	74.8	80.7	68.9	55.1	58.6	52.2
Unemployment rate	9.4	8.5	10.3	11.6	12.6	9.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	3,170	1,525	1,640	1,310	640	675
Did not work¹⁸⁶	610	195	415	490	205	290
Worked	2,560	1,330	1,225	820	435	380
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,555	930	630	445	220	230
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	995	405	600	375	220	160
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.4	45.5	41.2	40.5	39.9	41.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,610	1,350	1,260	815	435	385
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	20	40	20	10	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,550	1,325	1,220	795	430	375
Employee	2,290	1,215	1,075	700	355	345
Permanent position	2,020	1,105	915	605	305	300
Temporary position	270	110	160	95	45	45
Fixed term (1 year or more)	120	45	70	40	30	10
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	150	65	90	50	20	35
Self-employed¹⁹²	260	110	145	100	75	25
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,610	1,350	1,260	815	435	385
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	20	40	20	10	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,550	1,325	1,220	795	430	375
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	10	10	0	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	570	175	395	195	55	140
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	255	200	55	80	55	25
3 Health occupations	205	30	175	50	10	35
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	220	75	150	40	15	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	45	20	25	10	10	0
6 Sales and service occupations	620	250	370	240	105	130
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	495	460	35	145	145	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	30	30	0	15	10	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	95	75	20	25	20	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,610	1,350	1,260	815	435	385
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	20	40	20	10	10
All industries¹⁹¹	2,550	1,325	1,220	795	430	375
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	50	45	10	25	20	10
22 Utilities	25	25	0	20	10	15
23 Construction	300	255	45	95	70	20
31-33 Manufacturing	230	180	50	50	40	10
41 Wholesale trade	135	75	60	25	15	10
44-45 Retail trade	285	120	165	105	55	55
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	115	90	30	50	40	10
51 Information and cultural industries	35	20	15	15	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	120	45	75	35	0	35
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	70	25	45	10	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	250	125	120	80	40	45
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	95	65	35	45	25	25
61 Educational services	95	15	80	30	20	10
62 Health care and social assistance	345	70	270	80	35	45
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	45	20	30	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	155	65	95	65	20	40
81 Other services (except public administration)	85	30	60	20	0	20
91 Public administration	95	65	30	10	0	10
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,665	1,370	1,300	880	465	415
English	2,550	1,300	1,245	835	440	395
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	35	20	15	10	10	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	20	15	10	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	15	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	65	35	35	25	15	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,665	1,370	1,300	880	465	415
Single responses	2,660	1,360	1,300	880	465	415
Official languages	2,605	1,335	1,270	875	460	415
English	2,600	1,330	1,270	875	460	415
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	55	25	30	10	10	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	55	25	30	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	20	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,665	1,370	1,300	880	465	415
None	2,595	1,330	1,265	845	445	395
English	20	10	10	0	0	0
French	0	0	0	15	0	10
Non-official language	35	20	15	25	15	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	20	15	25	15	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,365	1,235	1,130	725	375	350
Worked at home	600	315	285	175	50	125
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	15	15	0
No fixed workplace address	385	280	110	115	90	20
Usual place of work	1,380	645	735	420	225	200
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,375	645	730	425	225	200
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,270	575	695	350	180	170
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	60	30	25	70	40	30
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	10	0	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	35	30	10	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,760	920	840	540	310	225
Car, truck or van	1,625	885	740	420	270	150
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,510	850	660	370	250	125
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	120	35	80	50	25	25
Public transit	100	25	75	65	20	45
Walked	0	0	0	15	0	15
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	35	15	20	35	20	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,760	920	840	540	310	225
Less than 15 minutes	300	120	185	115	40	75
15 to 29 minutes	845	445	400	230	150	80
30 to 44 minutes	450	290	160	125	80	45
45 to 59 minutes	65	15	45	25	10	10
60 minutes and over	100	45	60	50	35	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,760	920	840	540	310	225
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	160	110	50	35	25	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	435	290	145	105	55	55
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	425	195	230	120	75	40
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	325	150	170	85	35	45
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	180	55	125	85	45	45
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	240	120	120	100	75	25
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,250	640	610	220	110	110
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75	45	30	25	10	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,180	595	580	195	100	95
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	800	395	405	135	70	65
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	50	30	15	10	5	5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	15	5	10	0	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	25	5	5	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	745	355	385	120	65	55

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 27, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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