Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062538More information: Alberta [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	3,565	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,073	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,054	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,319.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1.07	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	3,565	1,745	1,820
0 to 14 years	905	470	435
0 to 4 years	195	105	95
5 to 9 years	345	185	155
10 to 14 years	360	175	190
15 to 64 years	2,400	1,155	1,245
15 to 19 years	235	115	125
20 to 24 years	220	110	115
25 to 29 years	165	70	90
30 to 34 years	220	100	120
35 to 39 years	325	145	180
40 to 44 years	390	175	215
45 to 49 years	340	185	160
50 to 54 years	225	110	120
55 to 59 years	145	80	60
60 to 64 years	135	65	70
65 years and over	255	120	140
65 to 69 years	115	45	70
70 to 74 years	80	50	30
75 to 79 years	40	15	25
80 to 84 years	10	5	5
85 years and over	10	5	10
85 to 89 years	5	5	0
90 to 94 years	10	0	10
95 to 99 years	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	25.4	26.9	23.9
15 to 64 years	67.3	66.2	68.4
65 years and over	7.2	6.9	7.7
85 years and over	0.3	0.3	0.5
Average age of the population	33.8	33.4	34.1
Median age of the population	35.6	35.2	36.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,055	...	...
Single-detached house	745	...	...
Semi-detached house	100	...	...
Row house	205	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,055	...	...
1 person	90	...	...
2 persons	230	...	...
3 persons	230	...	...
4 persons	305	...	...
5 or more persons	200	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,565	1,740	1,825
Average household size	3.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	2,655	1,270	1,390
Married or living common-law	1,725	865	860
Married	1,560	780	780
Living common-law	165	90	80
Living common law - Never married	140	65	70
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	30	20	15
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	935	410	530
Not married and not living common law - Never married	695	340	360
Not married and not living common law - Separated	40	15	30
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	130	45	85
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	60	10	50
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,005	...	...
2 persons	310	...	...
3 persons	255	...	...
4 persons	315	...	...
5 or more persons	125	...	...
Average size of census families	3.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,000	...	...
Total couple families	845	...	...
Married couples	760	...	...
With children⁶	580	...	...
Without children	180	...	...
Common-law couples	85	...	...
With children⁶	35	...	...
Without children	50	...	...
Total one-parent families	155	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	130	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	25	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	3,565	1,740	1,825
Total - Persons in census families	3,300	1,605	1,695
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,695	850	850
Parents in one-parent families	155	25	130
Children⁶	1,450	735	715
In a two-parent family	1,185	610	575
In a one-parent family	270	125	140
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	265	135	130
Living alone	95	50	45
Living with other relatives⁷	80	30	50
Living with non-relatives only	90	55	35
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,050	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	790	...	...
Couple-family households	675	...	...
With children⁶	520	...	...
Without children	160	...	...
One-parent-family households	110	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	90	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	50	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	25	...	...
One-person households	95	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	2,660	1,275	1,385
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,495	1,190	1,310
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	50,400	35,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,495	1,190	1,310
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,400	44,800	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,245	1,095	1,150
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	50,400	27,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,960	965	995
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,800	53,200	33,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,240	1,040	1,195
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,650	4,840	9,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	320	140	175
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,920	5,480	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	970	455	520
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	10,000	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	2,670	1,275	1,400
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,510	1,195	1,315
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,700	61,900	44,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,510	1,195	1,315
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,600	51,500	38,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,250	1,120	1,130
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,040	58,700	39,500
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,995	980	1,015
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,840	60,500	39,500
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,285	1,055	1,235
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,640	7,880	11,140
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	315	135	180
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000	5,900	7,750
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	995	450	545
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,820	9,480	10,120
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	2,675	1,275	1,395
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	935	510	420
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	70,500	74,000	67,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	81,600	88,800	72,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	845	380	460
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,400	19,000	15,100
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,640	31,500	13,500
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	83.4	88.8	76.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	75.2	80.4	68.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.6	11.2	23.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.1	2.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	8.1	6.1	10.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	7.4	5.8	9.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	2,655	1,270	1,390
Without total income	160	85	75
With total income	2,500	1,185	1,310
Under $10,000 (including loss)	265	105	165
$10,000 to $19,999	275	120	150
$20,000 to $29,999	390	155	240
$30,000 to $39,999	265	105	160
$40,000 to $49,999	235	110	120
$50,000 to $59,999	190	90	105
$60,000 to $69,999	180	95	80
$70,000 to $79,999	150	70	80
$80,000 to $89,999	105	70	35
$90,000 to $99,999	105	55	45
$100,000 and over	345	215	125
$100,000 to $149,999	245	140	105
$150,000 and over	100	80	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	2,655	1,270	1,390
Without after-tax income	160	85	75
With after-tax income	2,500	1,185	1,310
Under $10,000 (including loss)	270	105	170
$10,000 to $19,999	290	130	155
$20,000 to $29,999	430	170	260
$30,000 to $39,999	300	130	175
$40,000 to $49,999	270	125	140
$50,000 to $59,999	240	125	120
$60,000 to $69,999	195	100	95
$70,000 to $79,999	140	80	55
$80,000 to $89,999	105	55	50
$90,000 to $99,999	75	35	40
$100,000 and over	185	135	55
$100,000 to $124,999	105	65	35
$125,000 and over	85	65	20
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	2,655	1,270	1,390
Without employment income	695	305	395
With employment income	1,960	965	995
Under $5,000 (including loss)	245	95	150
$5,000 to $9,999	180	75	110
$10,000 to $19,999	225	85	135
$20,000 to $29,999	165	80	85
$30,000 to $39,999	145	60	85
$40,000 to $49,999	140	65	80
$50,000 to $59,999	135	75	60
$60,000 to $69,999	160	90	75
$70,000 to $79,999	100	45	55
$80,000 to $89,999	95	60	30
$90,000 to $99,999	65	30	30
$100,000 and over	310	200	110
$100,000 to $124,999	155	80	70
$125,000 and over	155	115	40
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	2,660	1,275	1,385
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,445	1,170	1,280
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	50,400	32,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,445	1,170	1,280
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	45,200	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,225	1,095	1,130
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	54,000	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,965	975	985
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,000	56,000	36,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,125	1,000	1,130
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,040	890	2,360
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	165	65	105
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,600	6,160	6,750
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	2,670	1,275	1,400
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,450	1,175	1,275
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,500	59,700	45,900
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,450	1,175	1,275
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,280	49,300	39,700
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,225	1,100	1,125
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,050	60,700	45,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,990	975	1,020
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,450	62,900	46,300
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,115	970	1,140
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,012	3,510	6,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	155	55	100
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,200	6,800	7,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	2,675	1,275	1,395
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	925	505	420
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	70,000	81,000	63,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	79,400	88,000	69,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	760	350	415
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,400	22,600	21,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,000	40,000	30,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	91.8	95.2	87.6
Employment income (%)	84.2	87.2	80.4
Government transfers (%)	8.2	4.9	12.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.5	1.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,055	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	95	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	960	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,050	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	106,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	80	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	61,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	965	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	130,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	110,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,055	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	45	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	75	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	65	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	620	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	150	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	130	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	185	...	...
$200,000 and over	155	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,055	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	100	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	85	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	80	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	80	...	...
$100,000 and over	525	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	170	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	145	...	...
$150,000 and over	215	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	950	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	175	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	615	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	139,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	135	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	185	100	85
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,400	47,600	52,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,600	41,200	47,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	945	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	129,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	185	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	635	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	147,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	123,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	120	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	170	105	65
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,000	54,000	60,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,400	43,000	52,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	3,565	1,745	1,820
0 to 17 years	1,050	540	515
0 to 5 years	260	135	120
18 to 64 years	2,255	1,085	1,175
65 years and over	260	120	140
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	215	105	105
0 to 17 years	65	30	35
0 to 5 years	15	10	10
18 to 64 years	120	65	55
65 years and over	30	20	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.0	6.3	5.9
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	5.6	6.8
0 to 5 years (%)	6.0	6.0	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.3	5.8	5.0
65 years and over (%)	12.0	14.0	10.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	3,565	1,740	1,825
0 to 17 years	1,055	540	510
0 to 5 years	255	135	120
18 to 64 years	2,255	1,080	1,175
65 years and over	255	120	140
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	170	95	75
0 to 17 years	55	30	20
0 to 5 years	15	5	5
18 to 64 years	105	55	45
65 years and over	15	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.8	5.5	4.2
0 to 17 years (%)	5.0	5.6	4.4
0 to 5 years (%)	5.0	5.0	5.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.6	5.4	3.9
65 years and over (%)	5.0	5.0	6.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	3,565	1,745	1,820
In bottom half of the distribution	1,565	760	800
In bottom decile	225	125	100
In second decile	285	135	155
In third decile	370	175	195
In fourth decile	375	190	185
In fifth decile	310	150	160
In top half of the distribution	2,000	980	1,025
In sixth decile	330	150	175
In seventh decile	440	215	225
In eighth decile	455	230	230
In ninth decile	415	205	210
In top decile	360	175	180
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	3,565	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.286	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.388	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.255	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	3,565	1,740	1,825
English only	3,245	1,605	1,645
French only	0	0	0
English and French	115	50	60
Neither English nor French	200	85	120
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	3,565	1,740	1,825
English	3,340	1,645	1,690
French	15	10	5
English and French	15	10	5
Neither English nor French	195	80	115
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	3,565	1,740	1,825
Single responses	3,285	1,610	1,680
Official languages	1,640	815	820
English	1,625	815	810
French	15	5	10
Non-official languages	1,645	790	855
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,645	790	855
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	50	55
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	100	50	55
Amharic	20	10	10
Arabic	70	35	35
Aramaic languages	5	0	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	95	45	50
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	85	40	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	20	15
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	5
Tamil	20	10	10
Telugu	5	5	5
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	575	285	295
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	20	15
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5
Russian	15	10	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	5	5	5
German	5	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	455	215	240
Indo-Aryan languages	415	195	220
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	10
Gujarati	25	10	15
Hindi	25	10	15
Kacchi	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	150	75	80
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0
Urdu	170	80	85
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	20	25
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	5
Persian languages	40	15	15
Dari	15	5	5
Iranian Persian	20	10	15
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	40	35
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	65	40	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10
Korean	40	25	20
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	40	20	20
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	15	10	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	715	335	385
Chinese languages	715	335	385
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	235	100	130
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	460	225	240
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	275	130	150
English and French	10	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	240	110	125
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	20
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	3,565	1,740	1,825
English	1,650	830	820
French	5	5	5
Non-official language	510	245	265
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	510	245	265
English and French	15	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	1,295	620	675
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	5	10
Multiple non-official languages	75	30	40
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	3,565	1,740	1,825
Single responses	3,245	1,590	1,655
Official languages	2,195	1,075	1,110
English	2,180	1,075	1,105
French	10	5	5
Non-official languages	1,050	510	540
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,050	510	540
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	20
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	20
Amharic	5	0	0
Arabic	20	10	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	55	25	30
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	20	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	0
Tamil	10	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	355	175	180
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	20	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	20	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0
Russian	15	15	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	300	140	160
Indo-Aryan languages	270	130	145
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	5
Gujarati	20	10	10
Hindi	25	10	15
Kacchi	5	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	110	55	55
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	105	50	55
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	10	15
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	5
Persian languages	20	10	10
Dari	10	5	5
Iranian Persian	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	20	15
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	35	20	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5
Korean	35	20	20
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	535	255	280
Chinese languages	535	255	280
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	195	90	105
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	330	160	165
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	320	155	170
English and French	5	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	300	145	160
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	3,565	1,740	1,825
None	2,410	1,190	1,225
English	380	195	185
French	15	10	10
Non-official language	595	275	320
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	595	275	320
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	100	45	60
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	55	25	25
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	3,530	1,770	1,760
Official languages	3,340	1,705	1,635
English	3,340	1,705	1,635
French	105	45	60
Non-official languages	2,090	980	1,110
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,090	980	1,110
Afro-Asiatic languages	160	80	80
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	160	80	80
Amharic	50	20	30
Arabic	110	55	45
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	20	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	20	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	155	55	105
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	10	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	125	40	85
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	20	25
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	15	25
Tamil	10	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	790	395	390
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	45	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	70	45	25
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	50	30	20
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	15
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	15	10	10
German	15	10	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	515	265	250
Indo-Aryan languages	480	250	230
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	55	20	35
Hindi	170	75	95
Kacchi	35	20	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	205	110	95
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	235	115	120
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	15	15
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	30	15	15
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	190	80	105
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	25	10	15
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	160	75	90
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	35	20	20
Korean	75	40	35
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	95	50	45
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	20	15	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	45	20	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	735	345	395
Chinese languages	735	345	395
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	365	155	210
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	495	245	250
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,530	1,770	1,760
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	100	50	45
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	90	50	40
First Nations (North American Indian)	35	25	10
Métis	40	25	20
Inuk (Inuit)	20	10	15
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	3,430	1,715	1,715
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,530	1,770	1,760
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	30	25	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,500	1,745	1,755
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,050	...	...
Owner	795	...	...
Renter	255	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,050	...	...
Condominium	170	...	...
Not condominium	880	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,050	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	15	...	...
2 bedrooms	75	...	...
3 bedrooms	580	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	385	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,050	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	250	...	...
5 rooms	200	...	...
6 rooms	185	...	...
7 rooms	115	...	...
8 or more rooms	300	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,050	...	...
One person or fewer per room	995	...	...
More than one person per room	50	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,050	...	...
Suitable	995	...	...
Not suitable	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,050	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	45	...	...
2001 to 2005	100	...	...
2006 to 2010	550	...	...
2011 to 2015	310	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,050	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,040	...	...
Major repairs needed	0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,050	...	...
One-maintainer household	385	...	...
Two-maintainer household	595	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	70	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,050	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	110	...	...
35 to 44 years	360	...	...
45 to 54 years	330	...	...
55 to 64 years	155	...	...
65 to 74 years	65	...	...
75 to 84 years	15	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,045	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	805	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	240	...	...
30% to less than 100%	220	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,050	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	295	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	235	...	...
Not suitable only	50	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	750	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,030	...	...
In core need	65	...	...
Not in core need	965	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	795	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	79.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	19.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,200	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,036	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	499,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	250	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	36.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	14.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,800	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,860	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	3,530	1,770	1,760
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	30	20	10
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	30	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	25	20	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	60	30	30
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	55	30	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	15	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	3,440	1,715	1,720
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	3,535	1,770	1,760
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	3,085	1,580	1,510
Canadian citizens aged under 18	950	550	400
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,135	1,030	1,110
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	445	190	255
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	3,535	1,770	1,760
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	1,755	925	830
Immigrants⁸¹	1,740	820	920
Before 1980	120	70	55
1980 to 1990	175	85	90
1991 to 2000	385	185	205
2001 to 2010	525	225	305
2011 to 2021⁸²	525	260	270
2011 to 2015	380	200	180
2016 to 2021	145	60	85
Non-permanent residents⁸³	40	25	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,740	820	920
Under 5 years	170	90	85
5 to 14 years	320	155	160
15 to 24 years	275	130	140
25 to 44 years	790	365	430
45 years and over	180	75	110
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,740	820	920
Americas	190	85	105
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	35	20	15
El Salvador	15	0	15
Guyana	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	35	10	25
Mexico	10	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10
United States of America	30	0	30
Other places of birth in Americas	45	30	20
Europe	90	45	40
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	15	10	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	15	15
Other places of birth in Europe	30	20	10
Africa	220	110	110
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	45	15	25
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	95	55	45
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	70	35	40
Asia	1,235	585	650
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	20	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	310	145	170
Hong Kong⁹¹	100	45	60
Korea, South⁹²	45	20	25
Taiwan	20	10	10
Philippines	155	55	100
Viet Nam	60	35	30
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	185	95	90
Pakistan	170	75	90
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	140	85	50
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	145	60	85
Americas	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	55	30	25
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	45	25	25
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	75	30	50
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	0	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	20	15	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	3,530	1,770	1,760
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,790	840	945
Second generation¹⁰¹	995	505	490
Third generation or more¹⁰²	750	425	325
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,615	750	865
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	950	475	475
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	375	235	140
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	575	240	340
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	430	165	275
Refugees¹⁰⁸	220	110	110
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,615	750	865
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	80	35	45
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	130	50	85
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	15	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	90	50	40
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,290	600	690
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	3,530	1,770	1,760
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,540	1,230	1,310
South Asian	630	340	295
Chinese	805	380	425
Black	325	170	155
Filipino	185	65	120
Arab	90	55	30
Latin American	145	70	75
Southeast Asian	75	30	40
West Asian	45	20	25
Korean	70	35	35
Japanese	35	10	25
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	120	55	65
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	990	540	455
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	3,530	1,770	1,760
Canadian	310	190	125
English	205	105	95
Irish	210	105	105
Scottish	140	70	70
French, n.o.s.¹²²	105	55	50
German	185	85	100
Chinese	750	355	395
Italian	70	35	35
Indian (India)	330	185	145
Ukrainian	60	35	20
Dutch	55	15	40
Polish	65	40	30
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	75	40	35
Filipino	225	80	145
French Canadian	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	30	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	40	20	15
Métis	25	0	20
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	25	0	15
Russian	45	20	15
Norwegian	10	0	0
Welsh	20	10	10
Portuguese	20	10	10
American	0	0	0
Spanish	70	35	35
Swedish	15	10	0
Hungarian	20	10	10
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	230	110	115
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	145	70	75
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	60	30	30
Vietnamese	65	20	40
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	70	45	25
Greek	0	0	0
Jamaican	35	15	25
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	60	30	35
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	60	30	30
Romanian	0	0	0
Lebanese	25	10	10
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0
Danish	20	10	10
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	10	10	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	45	30	15
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	50	15	35
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	20	10	10
Egyptian	15	15	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	30	15	20
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	40	25	20
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	25	15	10
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	50	40	10
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	15	0	10
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	45	30	15
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	25	15	15
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	20	10	10
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	15	0	15
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	50	25	20
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	20	15	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	20	15	10
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	10
Indonesian	40	15	20
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	15	0	10
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	3,530	1,770	1,760
Buddhist	110	40	70
Christian	1,320	650	670
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	450	220	235
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	25	15	10
Baptist	30	20	10
Catholic	540	255	285
Christian Orthodox	90	55	35
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0
Presbyterian	20	10	10
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	25	10	15
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	80	45	40
Hindu	180	100	80
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	470	245	220
Sikh	105	60	50
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	25	10	15
No religion and secular perspectives	1,325	665	660
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	3,510	1,765	1,745
Non-movers	3,255	1,645	1,610
Movers	255	120	135
Non-migrants	185	80	100
Migrants	70	35	35
Internal migrants	70	35	35
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	65	35	35
External migrants	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	3,335	1,660	1,675
Non-movers	2,300	1,140	1,160
Movers	1,035	525	515
Non-migrants	730	375	355
Migrants	310	150	160
Internal migrants	220	115	105
Intraprovincial migrants	45	35	10
Interprovincial migrants	180	85	95
External migrants	90	35	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,675	1,270	1,395
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	395	170	230
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,280	1,105	1,175
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,950	945	1,010
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	180	75	95
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,780	865	910
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,670	1,275	1,400
No certificate, diploma or degree	345	155	190
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	710	390	320
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,615	735	885
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	740	310	435
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	130	75	55
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	35	10	25
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	95	65	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	465	180	290
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	140	55	85
Bachelor's degree or higher	880	425	450
Bachelor's degree	605	285	325
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35	15	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	15
Master's degree	205	115	90
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	15	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,955	945	1,010
No certificate, diploma or degree	125	65	60
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	405	230	175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,425	655	775
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	625	260	365
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	125	70	55
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	35	15	25
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	90	60	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	370	130	240
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	125	60	70
Bachelor's degree or higher	800	390	405
Bachelor's degree	535	250	285
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40	15	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10
Master's degree	205	115	85
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,675	1,275	1,400
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,060	540	515
Education	80	15	60
13. Education	80	15	60
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	15	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	15	15	0
Humanities	65	40	25
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	190	65	125
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	35	0	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	30	0	30
45. Social sciences	85	45	40
Business, management and public administration	410	115	295
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	390	115	270
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75	35	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	50	25	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	100	75	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	75	65	10
25. Library science	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	355	295	60
04. Architecture and related services	35	20	15
14. Engineering	150	130	20
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	90	75	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	40	30	10
48. Precision production	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	0	20
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	15	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	10
Health and related fields	225	45	180
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	10	25
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	195	35	155
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	75	25	50
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	50	10	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,955	945	1,010
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	530	295	240
Education	70	15	50
13. Education	70	15	50
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	15	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	15	15	0
Humanities	55	30	25
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	160	60	100
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	30	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	0	25
45. Social sciences	70	40	30
Business, management and public administration	380	110	275
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	360	110	255
Physical and life sciences and technologies	65	30	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	40	20	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	85	60	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	65	55	10
25. Library science	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	320	265	55
04. Architecture and related services	35	20	15
14. Engineering	140	120	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	70	60	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35	25	10
48. Precision production	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	0	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	185	40	145
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	10	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	160	35	125
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	70	25	50
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	50	10	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,955	945	1,010
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	530	295	240
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,425	650	770
Location of study inside Canada	905	410	495
Same as province or territory of residence	690	290	395
Different than province or territory of residence	210	115	100
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	520	245	275
Americas	70	30	35
United States of America	15	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	20	10	10
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	10	0
Europe	70	55	10
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	30	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	10	10
Africa	45	15	30
Nigeria	30	15	20
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	15	0	10
Asia	320	130	190
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	75	30	45
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	20	0	15
Japan	10	0	10
Korea, South⁹²	25	10	15
Philippines	55	25	30
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	70	25	40
Pakistan	35	15	20
Other locations of study in Asia	15	0	0
Oceania	15	0	10
Australia	15	0	10
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	2,670	1,275	1,400
In the labour force	1,960	980	985
Employed	1,655	835	815
Unemployed	310	140	165
Not in the labour force	710	295	410
Participation rate	73.4	76.9	70.4
Employment rate	62.0	65.5	58.2
Unemployment rate	15.8	14.3	16.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	2,675	1,275	1,400
Did not work¹⁸⁶	800	330	475
Worked	1,875	950	925
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	970	535	435
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	905	415	490
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.5	40.4	38.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,960	975	985
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	100	40	60
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,865	940	925
Employee	1,555	740	815
Permanent position	1,290	625	670
Temporary position	260	115	145
Fixed term (1 year or more)	80	35	45
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	185	75	105
Self-employed¹⁹²	310	200	110
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,960	975	985
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	100	40	60
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,865	940	925
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	20	20	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	390	120	270
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	250	190	60
3 Health occupations	165	40	120
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	195	50	140
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	45	25	20
6 Sales and service occupations	415	170	240
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	320	275	40
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	55	35	20
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,960	975	985
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	100	40	60
All industries¹⁹¹	1,865	940	925
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	90	50	45
22 Utilities	25	15	15
23 Construction	155	140	20
31-33 Manufacturing	55	45	15
41 Wholesale trade	85	55	30
44-45 Retail trade	180	75	105
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	160	125	40
51 Information and cultural industries	40	30	10
52 Finance and insurance	105	25	80
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	50	15	30
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	195	115	80
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	55	15	35
61 Educational services	125	40	85
62 Health care and social assistance	230	35	195
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	55	30	25
72 Accommodation and food services	85	45	40
81 Other services (except public administration)	85	25	55
91 Public administration	85	55	30
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,025	1,025	1,000
English	1,835	940	895
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	25	10	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	25	10	15
English and French	15	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	145	60	85
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,025	1,025	1,000
Single responses	2,000	1,005	995
Official languages	1,925	975	955
English	1,925	975	955
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	70	30	40
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	70	30	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	0	15
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	15	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	25	20
Chinese languages	50	25	20
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	0	15
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	20	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	20	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,025	1,025	1,000
None	1,880	965	910
English	45	25	20
French	15	0	10
Non-official language	55	15	35
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	55	15	35
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,655	830	815
Worked at home	500	215	285
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	230	190	40
Usual place of work	915	425	495
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	915	425	490
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	840	370	470
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	50	30	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	15	0
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,145	610	530
Car, truck or van	1,035	545	490
Car, truck or van - as a driver	975	530	440
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	60	20	45
Public transit	65	40	25
Walked	0	0	0
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	35	20	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,145	610	530
Less than 15 minutes	190	95	100
15 to 29 minutes	570	280	290
30 to 44 minutes	260	160	95
45 to 59 minutes	70	45	25
60 minutes and over	65	35	25
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,145	610	530
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	95	70	20
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	160	110	55
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	295	145	150
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	195	90	110
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	225	110	120
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	175	90	85
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,065	540	520
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35	20	20
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,030	530	505
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	845	430	420
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	25	10	15
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	5	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	820	415	405

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...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 15, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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