Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062531More information: Alberta [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	5,946	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,933	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,830	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4,628.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1.28	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	5,945	2,925	3,020
0 to 14 years	1,660	890	775
0 to 4 years	620	330	290
5 to 9 years	630	320	310
10 to 14 years	415	235	175
15 to 64 years	3,800	1,855	1,945
15 to 19 years	265	130	135
20 to 24 years	215	110	105
25 to 29 years	330	145	185
30 to 34 years	655	310	350
35 to 39 years	825	395	430
40 to 44 years	600	305	295
45 to 49 years	330	170	160
50 to 54 years	250	130	115
55 to 59 years	180	95	90
60 to 64 years	155	75	85
65 years and over	485	175	305
65 to 69 years	115	55	60
70 to 74 years	85	40	40
75 to 79 years	50	20	30
80 to 84 years	60	15	50
85 years and over	170	45	125
85 to 89 years	80	25	60
90 to 94 years	65	15	50
95 to 99 years	25	5	15
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	27.9	30.4	25.7
15 to 64 years	63.9	63.4	64.4
65 years and over	8.2	6.0	10.1
85 years and over	2.9	1.5	4.1
Average age of the population	32.8	31.2	34.3
Median age of the population	34.0	33.2	34.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,830	...	...
Single-detached house	1,470	...	...
Semi-detached house	180	...	...
Row house	50	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	50	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	70	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,830	...	...
1 person	255	...	...
2 persons	425	...	...
3 persons	380	...	...
4 persons	490	...	...
5 or more persons	280	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,740	2,870	2,870
Average household size	3.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	4,285	2,040	2,245
Married or living common-law	2,970	1,480	1,495
Married	2,640	1,305	1,335
Living common-law	330	175	160
Living common law - Never married	275	140	135
Living common law - Separated	5	5	5
Living common law - Divorced	50	25	25
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	1,310	560	755
Not married and not living common law - Never married	925	455	470
Not married and not living common law - Separated	80	30	50
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	125	40	85
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	180	35	145
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,595	...	...
2 persons	480	...	...
3 persons	415	...	...
4 persons	510	...	...
5 or more persons	195	...	...
Average size of census families	3.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,600	...	...
Total couple families	1,440	...	...
Married couples	1,275	...	...
With children⁶	980	...	...
Without children	290	...	...
Common-law couples	165	...	...
With children⁶	65	...	...
Without children	105	...	...
Total one-parent families	155	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	125	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	30	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	5,740	2,870	2,870
Total - Persons in census families	5,260	2,655	2,605
Married spouses or common-law partners	2,880	1,445	1,435
Parents in one-parent families	155	35	125
Children⁶	2,220	1,180	1,040
In a two-parent family	1,970	1,030	935
In a one-parent family	250	150	105
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	480	210	265
Living alone	255	105	150
Living with other relatives⁷	145	65	80
Living with non-relatives only	85	45	40
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,830	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,355	...	...
Couple-family households	1,235	...	...
With children⁶	915	...	...
Without children	325	...	...
One-parent-family households	115	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	90	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	75	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	45	...	...
One-person households	255	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	4,085	1,985	2,095
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,870	1,890	1,980
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,600	65,000	46,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,870	1,890	1,980
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,400	55,200	42,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,570	1,795	1,780
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,000	64,500	42,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,245	1,660	1,585
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,000	66,000	46,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,370	1,565	1,805
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,720	1,490	6,950
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	490	195	290
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,280	5,840	6,850
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,180	540	640
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	3,980	1,945	2,040
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,760	1,830	1,940
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	64,000	76,300	52,450
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,760	1,830	1,940
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,350	62,100	45,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,475	1,745	1,735
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	61,400	74,600	48,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,170	1,605	1,565
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	63,000	76,000	49,640
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,270	1,505	1,760
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,390	6,050	10,390
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	495	175	320
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,320	7,400	8,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,110	470	640
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,280	8,880	9,560
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	3,980	1,945	2,035
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,685	970	710
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	78,000	86,000	66,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	86,600	96,200	73,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,215	540	675
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,000	35,600	25,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,000	44,800	30,850
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	88.6	93.4	82.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	83.0	87.6	76.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	11.4	6.6	18.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	0.9	2.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.8	3.2	6.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.3	3.0	6.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	4,080	1,985	2,100
Without total income	215	95	115
With total income	3,870	1,890	1,980
Under $10,000 (including loss)	315	110	205
$10,000 to $19,999	290	120	165
$20,000 to $29,999	420	160	255
$30,000 to $39,999	350	135	210
$40,000 to $49,999	375	165	210
$50,000 to $59,999	350	160	190
$60,000 to $69,999	365	170	195
$70,000 to $79,999	270	150	115
$80,000 to $89,999	240	140	100
$90,000 to $99,999	215	105	105
$100,000 and over	680	470	215
$100,000 to $149,999	490	325	170
$150,000 and over	190	150	40
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	4,080	1,985	2,100
Without after-tax income	215	95	115
With after-tax income	3,870	1,890	1,980
Under $10,000 (including loss)	320	110	210
$10,000 to $19,999	300	125	175
$20,000 to $29,999	475	190	285
$30,000 to $39,999	435	170	260
$40,000 to $49,999	500	225	270
$50,000 to $59,999	445	210	235
$60,000 to $69,999	380	215	160
$70,000 to $79,999	300	165	140
$80,000 to $89,999	255	140	110
$90,000 to $99,999	150	105	45
$100,000 and over	320	230	85
$100,000 to $124,999	175	110	60
$125,000 and over	145	120	25
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	4,080	1,985	2,100
Without employment income	835	325	510
With employment income	3,250	1,660	1,590
Under $5,000 (including loss)	275	120	160
$5,000 to $9,999	195	75	115
$10,000 to $19,999	245	95	150
$20,000 to $29,999	215	80	140
$30,000 to $39,999	235	105	135
$40,000 to $49,999	285	135	150
$50,000 to $59,999	290	135	160
$60,000 to $69,999	285	145	145
$70,000 to $79,999	230	140	90
$80,000 to $89,999	220	120	100
$90,000 to $99,999	205	110	90
$100,000 and over	575	410	165
$100,000 to $124,999	295	205	90
$125,000 and over	280	205	70
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	4,085	1,985	2,095
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,785	1,845	1,940
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,000	64,000	44,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,785	1,845	1,940
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,200	54,400	40,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,530	1,780	1,750
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,000	64,500	43,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,240	1,665	1,575
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,600	65,500	46,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,240	1,510	1,730
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,020	890	2,980
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	355	110	245
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,200	5,200	10,500
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	3,980	1,945	2,040
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,695	1,805	1,895
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,950	73,500	49,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,695	1,805	1,895
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,640	59,550	42,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,405	1,735	1,675
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,750	74,000	48,960
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,160	1,630	1,525
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	62,300	73,600	50,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,220	1,515	1,705
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,704	2,608	6,570
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	385	120	265
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,480	6,700	10,700
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	3,980	1,945	2,035
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,650	965	685
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	74,000	83,000	61,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	81,700	91,200	68,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,175	530	645
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,400	41,200	33,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	42,800	51,200	35,700
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	93.2	97.0	88.0
Employment income (%)	87.2	90.6	82.4
Government transfers (%)	6.7	3.0	12.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	0.6	3.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,830	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	255	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,575	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,805	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	133,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	111,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	240	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,560	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	142,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	118,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,830	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	60	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	75	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	85	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	95	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	120	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,215	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	315	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	275	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	335	...	...
$200,000 and over	295	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,830	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	75	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	115	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	120	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	145	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	165	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,000	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	355	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	265	...	...
$150,000 and over	380	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,555	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	335	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,045	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	130	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	335	150	185
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	64,500	66,500	62,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	54,400	56,800	53,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,555	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	140,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	117,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	345	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	109,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,030	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	150,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	125,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	310	120	185
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	70,000	86,000	59,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	57,600	69,000	50,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	5,745	2,870	2,870
0 to 17 years	1,820	960	855
0 to 5 years	765	405	360
18 to 64 years	3,630	1,775	1,855
65 years and over	295	130	160
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	285	140	145
0 to 17 years	105	65	45
0 to 5 years	40	30	10
18 to 64 years	150	60	80
65 years and over	35	15	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.0	4.9	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	5.8	6.6	5.0
0 to 5 years (%)	5.4	7.2	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	4.1	3.6	4.5
65 years and over (%)	11.0	10.0	12.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	5,740	2,870	2,870
0 to 17 years	1,820	965	860
0 to 5 years	760	410	355
18 to 64 years	3,625	1,775	1,855
65 years and over	290	135	160
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	200	105	100
0 to 17 years	75	45	30
0 to 5 years	25	20	5
18 to 64 years	115	50	60
65 years and over	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.5	3.5	3.5
0 to 17 years (%)	4.2	4.6	3.6
0 to 5 years (%)	3.6	5.2	1.6
18 to 64 years (%)	3.1	2.8	3.4
65 years and over (%)	4.0	5.0	3.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	5,740	2,870	2,870
In bottom half of the distribution	2,080	1,035	1,045
In bottom decile	260	130	130
In second decile	285	135	155
In third decile	405	205	205
In fourth decile	465	220	240
In fifth decile	665	350	320
In top half of the distribution	3,660	1,835	1,820
In sixth decile	745	360	380
In seventh decile	715	365	345
In eighth decile	800	400	395
In ninth decile	730	370	360
In top decile	675	340	335
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	5,740	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.263	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.334	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.234	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	5,945	2,925	3,020
English only	5,510	2,740	2,770
French only	0	0	5
English and French	280	125	155
Neither English nor French	150	55	95
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	5,945	2,925	3,020
English	5,705	2,830	2,880
French	70	30	35
English and French	25	15	10
Neither English nor French	140	55	90
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	5,945	2,925	3,020
Single responses	5,410	2,655	2,755
Official languages	3,245	1,625	1,615
English	3,180	1,595	1,585
French	65	35	35
Non-official languages	2,165	1,030	1,135
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,165	1,030	1,135
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	55	45
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	10	5	5
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	90	50	45
Amharic	10	5	5
Arabic	60	30	25
Aramaic languages	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	10	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	25	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0
Vietnamese	55	25	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	320	150	175
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	5	5
Cebuano	20	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	5	10
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	280	130	155
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	105	45	55
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	65	30	40
Tamil	20	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	795	370	420
Albanian	15	5	10
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	75	35	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	75	35	40
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	5	5
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	5
Russian	30	10	20
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	15	15
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	15	5	10
German	15	5	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5
Afrikaans	5	5	5
Dutch	5	5	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	475	225	250
Indo-Aryan languages	365	170	195
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	20	5	15
Gujarati	40	15	25
Hindi	40	25	20
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	5
Nepali	15	5	10
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	110	55	55
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5
Urdu	75	40	30
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	30	10	25
Iranian languages	110	55	50
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	100	50	50
Dari	60	30	30
Iranian Persian	35	20	15
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	5	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	200	90	110
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5
Portuguese	15	5	10
Romanian	15	10	5
Spanish	155	70	90
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	10
Korean	70	30	35
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	110	60	50
Akan (Twi)	10	10	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	15	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	5
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	0
Yoruba	50	30	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	585	275	305
Chinese languages	580	275	305
Hakka	5	5	0
Mandarin	235	120	115
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	325	150	175
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	535	275	265
English and French	20	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	480	245	230
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	15
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	5,945	2,925	3,020
English	3,215	1,600	1,620
French	15	10	10
Non-official language	560	265	295
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	560	265	295
English and French	55	25	35
English and non-official language(s)	2,000	980	1,015
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	20	20
Multiple non-official languages	65	30	30
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	5,945	2,925	3,020
Single responses	5,440	2,670	2,775
Official languages	4,065	2,005	2,060
English	4,045	2,000	2,045
French	25	10	15
Non-official languages	1,375	660	715
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,375	660	715
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	35	35
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	10	5	5
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	30	35
Amharic	15	0	10
Arabic	35	15	15
Aramaic languages	5	0	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	210	95	110
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	5	5
Cebuano	10	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	180	85	95
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	75	35	35
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	40	20	20
Tamil	20	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	495	240	255
Albanian	10	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	25	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	25	20
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0
Russian	15	10	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	310	145	160
Indo-Aryan languages	235	105	130
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	5
Gujarati	30	15	20
Hindi	30	15	15
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	0
Nepali	15	5	10
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70	35	35
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5
Urdu	45	25	20
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	30	10	25
Iranian languages	75	40	30
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	70	40	30
Dari	35	20	15
Iranian Persian	25	15	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	5	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	130	60	70
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	5	0
Romanian	10	5	5
Spanish	115	50	65
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5
Korean	55	25	30
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	30	20
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	10	5	0
Yoruba	15	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	385	185	205
Chinese languages	385	185	205
Hakka	5	0	0
Mandarin	170	85	85
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	205	95	115
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	500	260	245
English and French	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	485	250	235
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	5,945	2,925	3,015
None	4,185	2,080	2,105
English	625	305	320
French	45	20	25
Non-official language	855	405	445
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	855	405	445
English and French	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	130	55	75
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	85	40	45
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	5,630	2,790	2,835
Official languages	5,485	2,720	2,765
English	5,485	2,720	2,760
French	260	125	130
Non-official languages	2,960	1,385	1,575
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,960	1,385	1,575
Afro-Asiatic languages	145	85	65
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	10	0	0
Hausa	10	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	135	70	60
Amharic	45	25	20
Arabic	75	35	35
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	35	15	15
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	30	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	25	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	355	165	190
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	10
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	335	160	180
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	170	80	90
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	105	60	45
Tamil	70	25	40
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,285	610	680
Albanian	45	20	25
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	125	50	70
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	120	50	70
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	50	20	30
Russian	55	25	30
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	55	25	25
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	40	25	15
German	40	25	15
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	0	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	845	420	425
Indo-Aryan languages	780	400	380
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	35	20	15
Gujarati	65	30	35
Hindi	340	155	185
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	300	160	140
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	230	135	100
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	90	40	50
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	90	40	50
Dari	70	30	40
Iranian Persian	25	10	15
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	265	110	155
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	10
Portuguese	20	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	240	95	140
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	30	10	20
Korean	65	30	35
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	330	165	160
Akan (Twi)	15	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	25	0	20
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	15	10	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	95	55	40
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	30	15	15
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	155	70	85
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	585	250	335
Chinese languages	580	250	330
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	275	135	145
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	365	145	220
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	10
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,630	2,790	2,835
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	70	50	20
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	70	50	15
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	10	0
Métis	55	45	10
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	5,555	2,740	2,815
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,630	2,790	2,835
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	10	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,615	2,780	2,835
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,805	...	...
Owner	1,585	...	...
Renter	215	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,805	...	...
Condominium	225	...	...
Not condominium	1,580	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,805	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	75	...	...
2 bedrooms	230	...	...
3 bedrooms	950	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	545	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,805	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	465	...	...
5 rooms	415	...	...
6 rooms	310	...	...
7 rooms	220	...	...
8 or more rooms	390	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,805	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,730	...	...
More than one person per room	75	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,805	...	...
Suitable	1,725	...	...
Not suitable	80	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,805	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	15	...	...
2001 to 2005	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	85	...	...
2011 to 2015	970	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	715	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,805	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,800	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,805	...	...
One-maintainer household	630	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,055	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	120	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,805	...	...
15 to 24 years	30	...	...
25 to 34 years	425	...	...
35 to 44 years	730	...	...
45 to 54 years	355	...	...
55 to 64 years	130	...	...
65 to 74 years	60	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...
85 years and over	60	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,795	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,350	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	445	...	...
30% to less than 100%	410	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,805	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	500	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	415	...	...
Not suitable only	50	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,300	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,765	...	...
In core need	80	...	...
Not in core need	1,680	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,590	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	92.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	22.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,260	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,290	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	476,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	482,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	220	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	40.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	9.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,020	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,140	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	5,625	2,790	2,835
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	75	35	40
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	75	35	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	25	15
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	10	15
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	5,545	2,750	2,800
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	5,625	2,795	2,840
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	4,710	2,410	2,300
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,640	875	765
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,070	1,535	1,530
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	920	380	535
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	5,625	2,795	2,840
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	3,045	1,535	1,510
Immigrants⁸¹	2,510	1,215	1,295
Before 1980	90	40	50
1980 to 1990	125	65	60
1991 to 2000	280	155	125
2001 to 2010	685	355	330
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,325	600	725
2011 to 2015	780	370	410
2016 to 2021	545	230	315
Non-permanent residents⁸³	75	40	30
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,510	1,215	1,295
Under 5 years	275	155	120
5 to 14 years	405	215	190
15 to 24 years	340	140	205
25 to 44 years	1,290	605	685
45 years and over	195	100	100
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,510	1,215	1,295
Americas	245	115	125
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	20	10	10
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	30	20	10
Mexico	35	15	25
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	20	10	15
United States of America	80	35	40
Other places of birth in Americas	45	15	25
Europe	205	95	105
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	15	10	0
Poland	35	15	20
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	10	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45	20	25
Other places of birth in Europe	75	35	40
Africa	485	265	220
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	10
Eritrea	20	15	0
Ethiopia	30	20	15
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	290	160	135
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	115	60	50
Asia	1,580	740	840
Afghanistan	60	30	30
Iran⁸⁸	20	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	215	95	120
Hong Kong⁹¹	115	60	55
Korea, South⁹²	40	20	20
Taiwan	15	0	15
Philippines	305	145	160
Viet Nam	55	20	30
Bangladesh	10	0	10
India	405	185	220
Pakistan	145	75	70
Sri Lanka	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	160	65	90
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	540	230	315
Americas	60	30	35
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	25	15	15
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	25	10	10
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0
Africa	145	75	70
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	125	65	55
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	310	115	200
Afghanistan	10	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	75	25	55
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	10
India	135	60	75
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	55	25	30
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	5,630	2,790	2,835
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,630	1,275	1,355
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,645	810	840
Third generation or more¹⁰²	1,350	710	640
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,415	1,175	1,240
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,610	825	780
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	620	395	225
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	990	435	555
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	585	240	345
Refugees¹⁰⁸	195	100	95
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	25	0	15
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,415	1,175	1,240
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	60	25	35
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	310	125	180
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	60	30	30
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	230	115	120
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	10
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,745	880	865
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	5,630	2,790	2,835
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	3,720	1,825	1,895
South Asian	995	485	515
Chinese	680	315	360
Black	815	465	355
Filipino	460	220	245
Arab	65	40	30
Latin American	155	65	90
Southeast Asian	130	60	75
West Asian	155	70	85
Korean	60	25	35
Japanese	20	10	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	30	15	25
Multiple visible minorities	150	65	85
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,910	970	940
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	5,625	2,795	2,840
Canadian	405	195	210
English	440	200	240
Irish	370	185	185
Scottish	380	220	165
French, n.o.s.¹²²	205	110	95
German	400	225	175
Chinese	720	335	385
Italian	80	35	45
Indian (India)	485	220	270
Ukrainian	205	110	100
Dutch	95	50	50
Polish	140	80	65
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	155	85	65
Filipino	460	215	245
French Canadian	20	15	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	80	40	35
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	10	0	0
Métis	45	25	20
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	75	40	35
Russian	110	50	55
Norwegian	100	50	45
Welsh	35	15	20
Portuguese	40	20	25
American	45	25	15
Spanish	90	40	50
Swedish	40	30	10
Hungarian	60	40	20
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	125	70	55
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	260	130	130
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	50	25	20
Vietnamese	135	65	70
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	65	45	15
Greek	0	0	0
Jamaican	25	15	15
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	100	50	55
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	10	0	10
Korean	70	30	40
Romanian	15	15	10
Lebanese	15	10	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	40	15	15
Danish	20	0	15
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0
Sikh	160	75	80
Austrian	80	40	35
Belgian	15	10	10
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	65	35	35
Mexican	45	20	20
Mennonite	30	20	15
Swiss	15	0	10
Finnish	20	10	10
Sri Lankan	30	10	15
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	30	15	15
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	70	35	35
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	60	40	20
Egyptian	30	0	25
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	35	15	15
Tamil	10	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	30	15	15
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	110	50	65
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	75	35	40
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	0	15
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	20	10	15
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	90	45	50
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	25	10	15
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	10
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	150	85	65
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	10	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	20	15	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	20	10	15
Ghanaian	30	25	10
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	25	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	35	20	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	30	15	15
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	30	10	15
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	80	45	35
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	35	15	20
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	20	15	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	15	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	15	10
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	40	20	15
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	5,630	2,790	2,835
Buddhist	180	80	100
Christian	2,735	1,345	1,390
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	690	350	340
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	75	40	40
Baptist	55	30	25
Catholic	1,255	580	680
Christian Orthodox	140	80	60
Jehovah's Witness	25	20	10
Latter Day Saints	50	20	30
Lutheran	50	30	20
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	10	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	165	85	80
Presbyterian	30	0	25
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	55	20	35
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	115	70	45
Hindu	330	145	180
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	485	235	250
Sikh	220	105	120
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	30	20	15
No religion and secular perspectives	1,650	865	785
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	5,540	2,740	2,805
Non-movers	4,795	2,395	2,405
Movers	750	340	405
Non-migrants	645	280	360
Migrants	105	65	40
Internal migrants	70	50	25
Intraprovincial migrants	10	10	0
Interprovincial migrants	65	40	25
External migrants	35	15	20
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	5,085	2,510	2,575
Non-movers	2,445	1,220	1,225
Movers	2,645	1,295	1,350
Non-migrants	1,880	930	950
Migrants	760	365	400
Internal migrants	390	190	200
Intraprovincial migrants	150	85	65
Interprovincial migrants	245	110	135
External migrants	375	175	200
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,980	1,945	2,035
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	470	260	215
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,510	1,685	1,830
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,250	1,575	1,670
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	200	110	95
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,045	1,470	1,575
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,980	1,945	2,040
No certificate, diploma or degree	425	220	205
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	750	405	340
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,805	1,315	1,490
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,080	515	565
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	250	185	70
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	75	40	40
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	175	145	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	725	300	425
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	110	30	80
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,725	800	925
Bachelor's degree	1,175	520	655
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	35	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	20
Master's degree	440	230	210
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	20	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,250	1,580	1,670
No certificate, diploma or degree	170	80	90
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	450	255	195
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,630	1,240	1,385
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	970	470	505
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	240	170	65
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	70	30	40
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	165	135	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	630	265	365
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	100	30	70
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,655	775	885
Bachelor's degree	1,125	500	620
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	50	25	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	0	15
Master's degree	440	220	215
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	20	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,985	1,945	2,040
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,175	630	550
Education	150	35	115
13. Education	150	35	115
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	20	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	15	15
Humanities	135	40	90
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	10	15
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	0	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	10	10
54. History	15	10	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	230	65	165
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	10	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	30
22. Legal professions and studies	30	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10
42. Psychology	40	10	25
45. Social sciences	85	30	50
Business, management and public administration	780	290	495
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	15	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	750	275	475
Physical and life sciences and technologies	125	75	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	40	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	40	25	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	205	140	70
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	180	125	50
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	620	535	80
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	0
14. Engineering	295	230	65
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	140	125	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	85	85	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	70	70	0
48. Precision production	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	60	20	40
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	30	0	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	15	15
Health and related fields	365	35	330
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	0	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	350	35	310
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	95	55	40
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	55	25	35
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	20	15	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,245	1,575	1,670
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	620	340	280
Education	150	35	115
13. Education	150	35	115
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	15	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	15	10
Humanities	120	45	75
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	10	15
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	0	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	10
54. History	15	10	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	215	65	150
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	10	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	25	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10
42. Psychology	40	15	25
45. Social sciences	75	35	45
Business, management and public administration	740	280	460
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	10	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	715	265	445
Physical and life sciences and technologies	115	70	45
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	35	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	45	25	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	195	130	70
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	170	115	50
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	585	505	80
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	0
14. Engineering	280	225	65
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	130	110	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	75	75	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	70	70	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	60	20	40
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	30	10	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	15	15
Health and related fields	335	35	300
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	0	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	315	35	285
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	85	45	40
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	45	10	35
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	20	15	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	3,245	1,575	1,670
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	620	340	280
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,625	1,240	1,390
Location of study inside Canada	1,600	765	835
Same as province or territory of residence	1,170	540	630
Different than province or territory of residence	430	220	205
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,030	475	555
Americas	125	70	65
United States of America	60	35	20
Mexico	15	10	10
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	10
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	25	15	10
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	150	85	60
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	65	35	35
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	40	30	15
Africa	155	70	85
Nigeria	95	45	60
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	40	20	20
Asia	585	240	340
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	35	10	25
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	0
Japan	10	0	10
Korea, South⁹²	20	10	10
Philippines	150	65	90
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	210	95	115
Pakistan	60	25	30
Other locations of study in Asia	50	20	30
Oceania	15	15	10
Australia	15	15	10
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	3,980	1,945	2,040
In the labour force	3,150	1,640	1,500
Employed	2,895	1,515	1,375
Unemployed	255	130	125
Not in the labour force	840	300	535
Participation rate	79.1	84.3	73.5
Employment rate	72.7	77.9	67.4
Unemployment rate	8.1	7.9	8.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	3,985	1,945	2,040
Did not work¹⁸⁶	960	355	605
Worked	3,025	1,585	1,435
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,720	1,005	715
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,300	585	715
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	43.7	40.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	3,145	1,645	1,500
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	70	30	35
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	3,075	1,615	1,465
Employee	2,725	1,395	1,330
Permanent position	2,435	1,285	1,150
Temporary position	290	110	180
Fixed term (1 year or more)	90	35	60
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	205	80	125
Self-employed¹⁹²	350	215	135
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	3,145	1,645	1,500
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	70	30	35
All occupations¹⁹¹	3,075	1,615	1,465
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	15	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	610	180	435
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	480	390	90
3 Health occupations	310	35	275
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	360	120	240
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	55	25	35
6 Sales and service occupations	660	330	330
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	490	450	35
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	25	25	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	65	40	20
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	3,145	1,645	1,500
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	70	30	35
All industries¹⁹¹	3,075	1,615	1,465
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	155	105	55
22 Utilities	40	30	0
23 Construction	260	215	45
31-33 Manufacturing	110	80	35
41 Wholesale trade	90	55	30
44-45 Retail trade	285	155	130
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	195	170	20
51 Information and cultural industries	60	55	10
52 Finance and insurance	160	55	105
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	90	40	45
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	350	225	125
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	10	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	125	70	55
61 Educational services	175	60	120
62 Health care and social assistance	530	70	455
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	60	25	35
72 Accommodation and food services	145	75	70
81 Other services (except public administration)	85	35	50
91 Public administration	130	60	75
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	3,215	1,655	1,560
English	3,005	1,555	1,450
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	15	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	10
English and French	35	20	20
English and non-official language(s)	130	65	65
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	10
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	3,215	1,655	1,560
Single responses	3,190	1,650	1,540
Official languages	3,145	1,625	1,520
English	3,135	1,620	1,515
French	15	10	0
Non-official languages	45	25	25
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	45	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	10
Chinese languages	30	15	10
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	10	20
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	25	0	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	3,215	1,655	1,560
None	3,050	1,575	1,475
English	15	0	0
French	25	10	20
Non-official language	125	60	65
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	125	60	65
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,890	1,510	1,380
Worked at home	955	500	455
Worked outside Canada	25	15	10
No fixed workplace address	395	285	110
Usual place of work	1,520	710	805
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,515	715	805
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,385	630	750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	95	55	45
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	35	30	0
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,910	995	910
Car, truck or van	1,710	895	815
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,610	880	735
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	100	20	80
Public transit	100	50	50
Walked	45	10	35
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	50	35	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,910	995	910
Less than 15 minutes	210	80	135
15 to 29 minutes	875	450	425
30 to 44 minutes	615	340	275
45 to 59 minutes	120	55	65
60 minutes and over	85	75	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,910	995	910
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	125	90	35
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	330	190	145
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	560	265	300
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	325	165	155
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	235	125	110
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	335	155	180
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,840	975	865
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	115	60	50
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,725	915	810
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,175	625	550
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75	40	35
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	20	15
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35	15	20
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,105	585	515

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...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 16, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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