Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062530More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062765More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062521More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	3,851	...	...	340	...	...	7,414	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,203	...	...	220	...	...	2,401	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,177	...	...	188	...	...	2,267	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,505.7	...	...	2,294.2	...	...	8,811.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1.10	...	...	0.15	...	...	0.84	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	3,850	1,875	1,975	340	175	165	7,415	3,645	3,765
0 to 14 years	1,060	515	545	35	20	10	1,765	890	870
0 to 4 years	380	190	190	5	5	0	700	360	345
5 to 9 years	400	190	210	15	10	10	590	285	305
10 to 14 years	285	140	145	15	10	5	465	245	220
15 to 64 years	2,600	1,270	1,330	240	120	120	5,125	2,535	2,590
15 to 19 years	220	115	100	15	5	5	390	200	185
20 to 24 years	150	75	75	25	15	10	455	215	240
25 to 29 years	195	95	105	20	10	10	620	305	315
30 to 34 years	385	170	215	25	10	15	875	415	460
35 to 39 years	480	235	250	20	10	10	805	395	410
40 to 44 years	405	190	215	20	5	10	655	320	335
45 to 49 years	275	145	125	25	10	10	490	255	230
50 to 54 years	210	105	105	35	20	10	345	185	165
55 to 59 years	155	80	75	25	10	15	270	135	140
60 to 64 years	125	60	65	40	20	20	220	110	110
65 years and over	190	90	100	65	30	35	530	225	300
65 to 69 years	75	35	45	15	10	10	170	60	110
70 to 74 years	60	30	30	20	10	10	160	80	80
75 to 79 years	30	15	15	15	10	10	85	40	45
80 to 84 years	10	5	10	10	0	10	60	25	35
85 years and over	5	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	30
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	20
90 to 94 years	5	5	0	0	0	0	20	5	10
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	27.5	27.5	27.6	10.3	11.4	6.1	23.8	24.4	23.1
15 to 64 years	67.5	67.7	67.3	70.6	68.6	72.7	69.1	69.5	68.8
65 years and over	4.9	4.8	5.1	19.1	17.1	21.2	7.1	6.2	8.0
85 years and over	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.7	0.4	0.8
Average age of the population	31.7	31.8	31.7	45.7	44.2	47.2	32.7	32.2	33.1
Median age of the population	34.0	34.4	34.0	48.8	47.2	49.6	32.8	32.4	33.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,175	...	...	185	...	...	2,265	...	...
Single-detached house	860	...	...	70	...	...	1,070	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	65	...	...
Row house	310	...	...	0	...	...	90	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	0	...	...	60	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5	...	...	40	...	...	975	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	80	...	...	15	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,180	...	...	190	...	...	2,270	...	...
1 person	130	...	...	95	...	...	380	...	...
2 persons	285	...	...	60	...	...	550	...	...
3 persons	230	...	...	15	...	...	405	...	...
4 persons	325	...	...	10	...	...	475	...	...
5 or more persons	205	...	...	5	...	...	465	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,850	1,875	1,970	340	170	170	7,355	3,625	3,735
Average household size	3.3	...	...	1.8	...	...	3.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	2,790	1,360	1,425	305	150	155	5,655	2,760	2,895
Married or living common-law	2,000	995	1,005	160	85	80	3,615	1,805	1,805
Married	1,795	895	905	120	60	60	3,285	1,640	1,640
Living common-law	205	105	105	45	25	15	335	170	165
Living common law - Never married	165	85	80	35	15	15	280	145	135
Living common law - Separated	5	0	5	0	0	0	10	5	10
Living common law - Divorced	30	15	15	5	5	5	40	20	25
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	785	365	425	145	70	75	2,040	950	1,085
Not married and not living common law - Never married	595	305	285	85	45	40	1,535	810	720
Not married and not living common law - Separated	30	10	20	10	5	0	110	40	70
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	105	40	70	40	15	20	200	65	135
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	55	15	40	15	5	10	200	40	160
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,075	...	...	90	...	...	1,985	...	...
2 persons	350	...	...	60	...	...	695	...	...
3 persons	245	...	...	15	...	...	485	...	...
4 persons	345	...	...	5	...	...	555	...	...
5 or more persons	145	...	...	5	...	...	245	...	...
Average size of census families	3.3	...	...	2.6	...	...	3.2	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.7	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,080	...	...	85	...	...	1,990	...	...
Total couple families	980	...	...	80	...	...	1,725	...	...
Married couples	880	...	...	60	...	...	1,560	...	...
With children⁶	660	...	...	25	...	...	1,150	...	...
Without children	220	...	...	35	...	...	415	...	...
Common-law couples	100	...	...	20	...	...	165	...	...
With children⁶	40	...	...	0	...	...	60	...	...
Without children	60	...	...	20	...	...	110	...	...
Total one-parent families	95	...	...	15	...	...	255	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	80	...	...	5	...	...	210	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	15	...	...	5	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	3,850	1,875	1,975	335	170	165	7,355	3,625	3,735
Total - Persons in census families	3,555	1,750	1,805	230	120	110	6,390	3,175	3,215
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,965	980	985	155	80	75	3,455	1,725	1,730
Parents in one-parent families	95	20	75	10	10	5	260	50	205
Children⁶	1,495	750	745	60	35	25	2,675	1,390	1,280
In a two-parent family	1,365	685	680	55	30	20	2,295	1,195	1,100
In a one-parent family	130	65	70	10	5	10	380	200	180
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	295	125	170	110	50	60	970	450	515
Living alone	130	65	60	95	45	50	375	190	185
Living with other relatives⁷	100	35	65	0	5	0	325	130	200
Living with non-relatives only	65	25	35	10	5	5	270	135	135
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,175	...	...	190	...	...	2,270	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	890	...	...	85	...	...	1,360	...	...
Couple-family households	820	...	...	75	...	...	1,200	...	...
With children⁶	600	...	...	25	...	...	860	...	...
Without children	220	...	...	50	...	...	340	...	...
One-parent-family households	70	...	...	5	...	...	160	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	75	...	...	0	...	...	235	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...	0	...	...	40	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	45	...	...	0	...	...	135	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	25	...	...	5	...	...	120	...	...
One-person households	130	...	...	95	...	...	375	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	2,785	1,360	1,425	305	155	150	5,595	2,735	2,865
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,620	1,280	1,340	295	150	150	5,305	2,600	2,700
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,600	62,400	48,000	55,600	71,000	53,200	40,800	46,400	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,620	1,280	1,340	295	150	150	5,305	2,600	2,700
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,200	52,800	42,400	48,000	57,600	45,200	36,800	41,200	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,425	1,205	1,225	285	140	145	4,660	2,390	2,270
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,400	63,200	44,400	55,600	78,500	47,600	36,800	44,000	29,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,170	1,085	1,085	220	115	105	4,330	2,210	2,120
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,200	65,500	46,800	50,400	58,800	46,400	37,200	44,000	31,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,230	1,040	1,185	245	125	115	4,790	2,290	2,505
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,840	2,000	6,750	7,500	8,000	7,300	6,600	4,280	9,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	320	135	185	25	15	10	805	340	470
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,160	6,360	6,400	x	x	6,000	5,800	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	840	400	440	75	40	35	2,205	1,070	1,135
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	8,000	10,000	10,000	10,000	10,000	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	2,795	1,335	1,455	275	140	135	5,750	2,810	2,935
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,645	1,285	1,360	265	135	130	5,445	2,675	2,775
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	65,600	71,700	59,950	126,000	154,000	96,000	46,080	53,800	38,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,645	1,285	1,360	265	135	130	5,445	2,675	2,775
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,450	58,150	50,960	97,000	124,000	69,000	40,040	45,880	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,450	1,190	1,265	255	125	130	4,770	2,455	2,320
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	63,150	71,800	55,000	123,000	160,000	88,000	42,600	51,080	33,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,185	1,075	1,115	200	105	90	4,410	2,270	2,140
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,750	71,000	54,700	99,000	114,000	84,000	43,280	51,700	34,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,300	1,120	1,180	205	110	95	4,930	2,340	2,590
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,270	6,250	10,180	8,000	5,500	11,000	9,670	7,900	11,270
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	275	105	175	0	0	0	800	330	470
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,350	6,200	8,100	...	...	...	7,240	6,760	7,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	880	435	450	75	30	40	2,200	1,070	1,135
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,580	8,640	10,480	10,400	8,000	12,400	9,280	8,920	9,620
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	2,790	1,335	1,455	275	145	135	5,750	2,810	2,935
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,145	625	515	115	65	50	1,990	1,155	835
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	82,000	88,000	75,500	106,000	108,000	93,000	57,200	64,000	49,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	90,800	100,400	79,600	148,000	165,000	132,000	62,250	69,200	52,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	835	360	475	70	30	45	1,885	875	1,005
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,400	20,000	21,800	18,800	x	15,000	19,000	24,800	16,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,400	33,000	33,800	30,000	40,000	24,000	28,640	35,100	23,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	89.0	92.4	85.2	96.0	96.0	92.0	81.0	87.2	72.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	79.0	82.8	74.8	60.0	58.0	64.0	76.0	81.6	68.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	10.9	7.6	14.8	5.0	3.0	8.4	19.0	12.8	27.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	0.7	1.7	x	...	x	2.3	1.6	3.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.3	4.3	6.4	2.5	1.4	4.4	9.0	7.2	11.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.9	4.1	5.8	2.4	1.4	4.0	8.1	6.6	10.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	2,785	1,360	1,430	305	150	155	5,595	2,730	2,865
Without total income	165	80	85	5	5	0	295	135	165
With total income	2,615	1,280	1,340	300	145	150	5,300	2,600	2,705
Under $10,000 (including loss)	275	115	155	20	10	10	545	225	320
$10,000 to $19,999	230	105	125	25	15	15	500	205	300
$20,000 to $29,999	300	135	170	30	15	10	815	365	445
$30,000 to $39,999	205	85	120	30	10	20	755	320	440
$40,000 to $49,999	215	85	125	25	10	15	675	305	365
$50,000 to $59,999	230	100	130	25	10	20	585	300	290
$60,000 to $69,999	190	85	105	15	5	10	405	225	175
$70,000 to $79,999	160	80	80	15	10	5	345	200	150
$80,000 to $89,999	150	85	70	10	5	5	225	140	85
$90,000 to $99,999	140	65	75	5	0	0	135	85	50
$100,000 and over	520	345	180	100	60	35	315	235	80
$100,000 to $149,999	335	210	130	35	15	25	270	190	75
$150,000 and over	185	135	50	65	50	15	50	45	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	2,785	1,360	1,430	305	150	155	5,595	2,730	2,865
Without after-tax income	165	80	85	5	5	0	295	135	165
With after-tax income	2,615	1,280	1,340	300	145	150	5,300	2,600	2,705
Under $10,000 (including loss)	280	120	160	25	15	10	550	225	325
$10,000 to $19,999	235	105	130	25	10	10	520	215	305
$20,000 to $29,999	335	145	190	30	15	15	965	430	535
$30,000 to $39,999	260	110	145	35	15	20	880	385	500
$40,000 to $49,999	295	125	170	40	20	25	820	410	410
$50,000 to $59,999	255	110	150	20	5	10	575	320	260
$60,000 to $69,999	220	120	105	15	5	10	425	240	190
$70,000 to $79,999	190	90	100	15	10	10	230	150	80
$80,000 to $89,999	170	90	75	10	0	10	150	95	55
$90,000 to $99,999	90	55	45	10	5	5	80	55	25
$100,000 and over	290	200	85	75	50	25	105	90	20
$100,000 to $124,999	135	85	50	15	10	5	75	55	15
$125,000 and over	150	115	35	55	40	20	35	30	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	2,785	1,360	1,430	305	150	155	5,595	2,730	2,865
Without employment income	620	270	345	85	35	45	1,265	520	745
With employment income	2,170	1,085	1,080	220	115	105	4,335	2,210	2,120
Under $5,000 (including loss)	230	115	115	40	20	15	425	190	230
$5,000 to $9,999	150	55	95	15	10	5	385	140	250
$10,000 to $19,999	190	70	120	15	10	5	585	260	325
$20,000 to $29,999	130	60	65	10	5	5	435	200	235
$30,000 to $39,999	145	55	90	15	5	10	450	220	235
$40,000 to $49,999	165	75	90	10	0	15	480	245	230
$50,000 to $59,999	170	75	100	10	5	5	385	205	180
$60,000 to $69,999	165	80	90	15	5	5	340	195	150
$70,000 to $79,999	140	70	70	10	5	5	280	160	120
$80,000 to $89,999	130	65	65	5	0	0	175	115	60
$90,000 to $99,999	120	60	60	0	0	0	125	80	40
$100,000 and over	445	305	140	60	45	20	265	200	70
$100,000 to $124,999	200	120	75	15	5	10	165	115	55
$125,000 and over	245	185	60	45	35	15	95	85	10
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	2,785	1,360	1,425	305	155	150	5,595	2,735	2,865
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,555	1,255	1,305	295	145	145	5,110	2,495	2,615
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,800	63,600	47,600	58,800	78,500	49,200	38,800	45,600	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,560	1,255	1,310	295	145	145	5,105	2,495	2,615
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,000	54,000	42,800	48,800	62,800	42,800	35,200	40,800	31,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,405	1,205	1,205	280	140	140	4,565	2,340	2,230
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,200	64,000	47,600	58,800	83,000	48,000	39,600	46,800	32,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,195	1,105	1,085	225	120	105	4,275	2,195	2,080
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,800	65,500	50,800	50,000	56,400	46,000	39,600	46,400	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,085	965	1,125	230	115	115	4,530	2,160	2,365
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	980	890	2,160	980	960	990	1,050	900	3,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	210	75	135	15	10	5	480	195	295
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,600	6,600	11,400	x	x	x	7,100	5,280	8,900
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	2,795	1,335	1,455	275	140	135	5,750	2,810	2,935
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,565	1,255	1,310	270	140	130	5,250	2,580	2,670
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	64,200	70,800	57,850	137,000	176,000	94,000	43,520	51,500	35,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,565	1,255	1,310	270	140	130	5,250	2,580	2,670
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,850	57,300	48,640	110,000	150,000	67,000	37,600	43,560	31,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,415	1,195	1,220	265	135	130	4,685	2,420	2,265
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	64,400	72,000	56,800	139,000	188,000	88,000	43,880	51,950	35,280
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,210	1,110	1,100	215	115	105	4,340	2,270	2,070
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	65,000	71,400	58,500	109,000	128,000	88,000	44,960	52,500	36,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,150	1,025	1,125	205	105	95	4,725	2,250	2,475
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,348	2,790	5,770	4,880	3,900	6,000	4,860	3,216	6,355
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	205	85	120	0	0	0	520	200	320
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,200	7,900	11,800	...	...	...	9,280	7,650	10,300
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	2,790	1,335	1,455	275	145	135	5,750	2,810	2,935
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,135	635	500	115	65	50	1,955	1,145	810
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	83,000	86,000	74,500	87,000	109,000	87,000	57,200	62,800	45,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	88,400	95,200	79,600	142,000	148,000	136,000	59,000	66,000	49,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	805	355	445	70	25	45	1,745	825	920
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,800	28,400	34,800	19,200	x	17,600	28,200	33,600	24,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	43,300	43,200	43,400	44,000	52,000	42,000	35,000	40,800	29,850
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	94.4	96.8	91.6	98.0	100.0	96.0	90.0	94.6	83.6
Employment income (%)	87.0	88.8	84.8	63.0	58.0	74.0	85.4	89.8	79.4
Government transfers (%)	5.7	3.2	8.6	2.6	1.7	4.6	10.1	5.5	16.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	0.8	1.9	x	x	x	2.1	1.2	3.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,180	...	...	190	...	...	2,270	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...	87,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	70,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	130	...	...	95	...	...	375	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	51,600	...	...	55,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	43,200	...	...	47,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,045	...	...	90	...	...	1,890	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...	220,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	174,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,180	...	...	185	...	...	2,325	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	147,200	...	...	182,000	...	...	107,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	122,200	...	...	142,000	...	...	93,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	155	...	...	100	...	...	400	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	71,000	...	...	58,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	49,000	...	...	49,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,020	...	...	80	...	...	1,925	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	152,400	...	...	320,000	...	...	118,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	126,600	...	...	256,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,180	...	...	190	...	...	2,270	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	0	...	...	45	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	60	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	5	...	...	60	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	45	...	...	20	...	...	140	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	40	...	...	10	...	...	175	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	45	...	...	5	...	...	175	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	55	...	...	5	...	...	205	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	70	...	...	5	...	...	175	...	...
$100,000 and over	810	...	...	85	...	...	1,090	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	160	...	...	10	...	...	375	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	150	...	...	5	...	...	250	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	245	...	...	10	...	...	295	...	...
$200,000 and over	260	...	...	60	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,180	...	...	190	...	...	2,270	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	60	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	5	...	...	60	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	75	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	45	...	...	15	...	...	200	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	60	...	...	10	...	...	205	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	75	...	...	10	...	...	225	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	75	...	...	0	...	...	210	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	75	...	...	5	...	...	195	...	...
$100,000 and over	710	...	...	80	...	...	850	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	210	...	...	20	...	...	345	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	180	...	...	5	...	...	220	...	...
$150,000 and over	320	...	...	60	...	...	285	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,035	...	...	90	...	...	1,825	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	220,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	182,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.5	...	...	2.6	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	225	...	...	50	...	...	365	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	168,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	121,000	...	...	79,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	695	...	...	25	...	...	1,185	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	157,000	...	...	424,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	306,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.2	...	...	3.9	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	85	...	...	10	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	x	...	...	73,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	x	...	...	67,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	195	95	100	100	50	55	645	320	325
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	53,600	53,600	53,200	50,800	50,800	50,400	50,000	54,400	46,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,400	46,400	46,800	43,200	42,800	43,200	43,600	46,000	40,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,015	...	...	85	...	...	1,810	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	150,800	...	...	320,000	...	...	118,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	125,200	...	...	256,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	195	...	...	55	...	...	380	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...	290,000	...	...	96,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	250,000	...	...	83,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	670	...	...	15	...	...	1,140	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	159,600	...	...	500,000	...	...	131,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,600	...	...	360,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	120	...	...	0	...	...	215	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	...	...	...	81,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	x	...	...	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	210	110	100	100	45	55	705	360	345
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	99,000	88,000	112,000	71,000	84,000	62,000	51,600	58,000	44,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	81,000	69,000	96,000	49,000	66,000	36,000	44,100	48,600	39,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	3,845	1,875	1,970	340	175	165	7,355	3,625	3,730
0 to 17 years	1,200	580	620	35	20	15	1,990	1,005	985
0 to 5 years	460	230	225	5	5	5	825	420	405
18 to 64 years	2,455	1,205	1,255	235	120	120	4,890	2,415	2,475
65 years and over	190	90	100	65	30	35	475	200	275
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	240	130	110	40	20	15	485	225	260
0 to 17 years	80	45	35	0	0	0	165	85	80
0 to 5 years	30	20	10	0	0	0	85	50	40
18 to 64 years	150	80	70	30	25	10	270	130	140
65 years and over	10	5	5	5	0	5	50	10	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.2	6.8	5.6	11.0	13.0	8.0	6.6	6.3	6.9
0 to 17 years (%)	6.7	7.8	6.0	x	x	x	8.3	8.4	8.2
0 to 5 years (%)	6.4	8.0	5.0	x	x	x	10.6	11.2	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.1	6.4	5.6	13.0	18.0	8.0	5.6	5.4	5.7
65 years and over (%)	4.0	4.0	4.0	10.0	x	16.0	10.0	6.0	13.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	3,850	1,875	1,975	335	170	165	7,355	3,620	3,735
0 to 17 years	1,200	580	615	40	25	15	1,990	1,010	980
0 to 5 years	460	230	225	5	5	5	830	425	405
18 to 64 years	2,460	1,200	1,255	240	120	115	4,895	2,415	2,480
65 years and over	190	90	95	65	25	35	475	200	270
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	165	90	75	25	20	5	280	140	140
0 to 17 years	50	30	25	0	0	0	80	40	45
0 to 5 years	20	15	10	0	0	0	35	15	15
18 to 64 years	105	55	50	25	15	5	190	95	90
65 years and over	5	0	5	0	0	0	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.3	4.6	3.9	7.2	10.0	5.0	3.8	3.9	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	4.4	5.2	3.8	x	x	x	4.0	3.8	4.2
0 to 5 years (%)	4.8	6.0	4.0	x	x	x	4.4	4.5	4.5
18 to 64 years (%)	4.2	4.4	4.0	9.5	14.0	6.0	3.8	4.1	3.6
65 years and over (%)	4.0	x	4.0	x	x	x	2.8	2.5	3.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	3,845	1,875	1,970	340	175	165	7,355	3,625	3,730
In bottom half of the distribution	1,250	595	650	125	60	65	3,860	1,875	1,985
In bottom decile	215	115	100	30	20	10	440	215	225
In second decile	195	95	100	15	10	5	620	280	340
In third decile	220	100	120	20	10	15	745	365	380
In fourth decile	275	130	145	25	10	15	1,030	495	535
In fifth decile	340	160	180	30	15	15	1,020	515	505
In top half of the distribution	2,600	1,275	1,325	215	115	105	3,495	1,750	1,750
In sixth decile	360	185	180	15	10	10	1,000	510	490
In seventh decile	525	245	275	0	0	0	885	435	450
In eighth decile	510	245	265	10	5	10	800	400	400
In ninth decile	645	320	325	20	10	15	560	275	285
In top decile	555	275	275	160	90	70	255	125	125
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	3,850	...	...	335	...	...	7,355	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.284	...	...	0.556	...	...	0.238	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.348	...	...	0.592	...	...	0.337	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.253	...	...	0.518	...	...	0.215	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	10.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	3,850	1,875	1,970	335	170	165	7,355	3,620	3,735
English only	3,525	1,735	1,795	290	145	140	6,650	3,320	3,330
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
English and French	190	85	105	50	25	25	300	135	165
Neither English nor French	130	55	75	0	0	0	400	165	230
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	3,850	1,875	1,970	335	170	165	7,355	3,620	3,735
English	3,660	1,785	1,870	330	170	165	6,825	3,395	3,435
French	40	25	15	5	5	5	100	50	55
English and French	25	15	15	0	0	0	45	25	20
Neither English nor French	125	50	70	0	0	0	380	160	225
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	3,850	1,875	1,970	335	170	165	7,355	3,620	3,735
Single responses	3,605	1,760	1,845	330	165	160	6,605	3,260	3,345
Official languages	2,095	1,035	1,060	290	150	135	2,720	1,365	1,355
English	2,060	1,015	1,045	285	150	135	2,635	1,325	1,305
French	40	25	15	5	5	5	85	35	45
Non-official languages	1,510	725	790	40	15	25	3,890	1,895	1,990
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,510	725	790	40	15	25	3,890	1,895	1,990
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	50	50	0	0	0	125	70	55
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	85	45	45	0	0	0	110	60	50
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0	30	15	15
Arabic	75	40	40	0	0	0	65	40	30
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	5	0	0	0	5	10	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	15	0	0	0	80	35	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	35	15	15	0	0	0	75	35	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	170	70	100	5	5	5	525	230	295
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cebuano	10	5	5	0	0	0	20	15	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0	30	15	20
Indonesian	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	145	65	80	5	5	5	430	185	240
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0	145	70	75
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	10	15	0	0	0	85	45	45
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	0	40	25	20
Telugu	10	5	10	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	475	230	250	30	10	15	2,805	1,395	1,405
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	15	25	0	0	5	30	15	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	15	25	0	0	5	25	15	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	5	0	5	5	0	5
Russian	20	5	10	0	0	0	10	5	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbian	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	5	10	0	5	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	5	0	5	0	5	5	0	5
German	5	5	0	5	0	5	5	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	5	0	0	5	5	0
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	5	5	0	0	5	5	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	305	145	155	10	5	5	2,540	1,265	1,275
Indo-Aryan languages	280	135	140	10	5	5	2,395	1,190	1,205
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35
Gujarati	5	0	5	0	0	0	150	65	80
Hindi	25	10	15	0	0	0	170	90	80
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	165	80	80	10	5	0	1,535	765	770
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	70	35	30	0	0	0	395	200	195
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iranian languages	25	15	15	0	0	0	145	75	70
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Persian languages	25	15	15	0	0	0	90	45	45
Dari	20	10	10	0	0	0	70	40	35
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	0	5	0	0	0	5	5	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	105	50	55	5	5	5	210	110	100
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	5	5	0	0	0	5	5	0
Portuguese	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	0
Romanian	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	5	5
Spanish	75	35	45	5	0	5	200	105	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	55	35	20	0	0	0	10	5	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	30	25	0	0	0	105	50	60
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0	0	0	20	5	15
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	15	10	0	0	0	40	25	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	560	265	290	5	0	0	65	25	40
Chinese languages	560	270	290	5	0	0	65	25	35
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	220	115	110	0	0	0	15	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	330	155	175	5	0	0	40	20	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	5	0	0	5	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	5	0	0	5	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	240	115	130	10	5	5	750	365	385
English and French	10	5	5	0	0	0	20	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	210	105	105	10	5	0	645	310	340
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0	0	0	10	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	10	0	0	0	65	35	35
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	3,850	1,875	1,970	335	170	165	7,355	3,620	3,735
English	2,145	1,050	1,095	300	160	145	2,575	1,305	1,270
French	15	5	5	0	0	0	30	10	15
Non-official language	415	200	210	5	0	0	1,480	720	755
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	415	200	210	5	0	0	1,475	720	755
English and French	30	15	20	0	0	0	55	20	40
English and non-official language(s)	1,165	565	600	30	15	20	2,995	1,455	1,535
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	20	15	0	0	0	55	35	20
Multiple non-official languages	40	20	20	0	0	0	165	75	90
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	3,850	1,875	1,970	335	170	165	7,355	3,620	3,735
Single responses	3,575	1,740	1,835	320	165	155	6,555	3,235	3,320
Official languages	2,675	1,300	1,370	310	160	150	3,550	1,765	1,785
English	2,650	1,285	1,365	310	160	150	3,510	1,750	1,760
French	20	10	10	0	0	0	45	15	30
Non-official languages	905	445	460	10	5	5	3,000	1,470	1,535
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	905	445	460	10	5	5	3,000	1,470	1,530
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	25	15	0	0	0	90	40	50
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	20	15	0	0	0	80	35	40
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Arabic	35	25	15	0	0	0	45	25	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	50	20	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0	0	0	50	20	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	85	45	45	5	5	5	345	160	180
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
Indonesian	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	40	30	5	5	5	285	135	155
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	10	0	5
Haitian Creole	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	15	0	0	0	115	55	60
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	5	10	0	0	0	65	30	35
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	0	40	20	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	300	140	160	0	5	0	2,290	1,140	1,145
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0	20	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0	15	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	220	110	115	0	0	0	2,130	1,075	1,060
Indo-Aryan languages	205	100	105	0	0	0	2,030	1,020	1,010
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65
Hindi	30	10	15	0	0	0	130	70	60
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	120	60	65	0	0	0	1,385	695	690
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	20	20	0	0	0	310	165	145
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0	105	55	50
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
Persian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0	65	30	30
Dari	10	5	5	0	0	0	55	30	30
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	25	30	0	0	0	130	55	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	35	10	20	0	0	0	125	55	70
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	40	20	20	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	10	0	0	0	40	15	30
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	10	0	0	0	20	5	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	370	180	190	0	0	0	35	15	15
Chinese languages	370	185	185	0	0	0	35	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	170	90	80	0	0	0	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	200	95	105	0	0	0	15	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	275	135	140	20	10	10	800	385	415
English and French	5	0	5	0	0	0	15	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	260	125	135	20	10	10	745	355	390
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	3,850	1,875	1,975	335	170	170	7,355	3,625	3,735
None	2,800	1,375	1,430	310	160	150	4,700	2,330	2,375
English	395	200	200	10	5	0	1,095	535	560
French	35	10	20	0	0	0	45	20	30
Non-official language	490	230	260	20	10	10	1,035	485	550
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	485	230	255	20	10	10	1,035	485	550
English and French	10	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	0	0	0	295	155	145
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	5	0	5	20	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	65	30	30	0	0	0	150	90	65
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	3,885	1,895	1,995	300	160	145	7,415	3,615	3,800
Official languages	3,730	1,815	1,915	300	160	145	6,995	3,460	3,535
English	3,730	1,815	1,915	300	160	145	6,985	3,460	3,525
French	170	65	110	30	10	15	360	140	215
Non-official languages	2,085	1,060	1,020	75	30	35	5,235	2,550	2,685
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,085	1,060	1,020	75	30	35	5,235	2,550	2,685
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	55	55	0	0	0	175	100	75
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	110	55	55	0	0	0	165	100	65
Amharic	25	10	15	0	0	0	30	10	10
Arabic	85	40	40	0	0	0	125	75	45
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	0	15	0	0	0	140	65	70
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	10	0	0	0	130	65	65
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	275	130	145	0	0	0	725	320	405
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	0	25	0	0	0	50	25	25
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ilocano	15	0	15	0	0	0	65	25	40
Indonesian	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	240	115	125	0	0	0	705	305	400
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	10	20	0	0	0	190	65	115
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	10	20	0	0	0	110	45	65
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	650	340	305	45	15	30	3,585	1,795	1,790
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	35	35	10	0	10	20	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	55	25	35	10	0	10	20	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	0	15	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian	30	10	20	0	0	0	20	10	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	25	0	15	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	25	0	15	10	0	10
German	0	0	0	25	0	15	10	0	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	405	205	200	0	0	0	3,210	1,620	1,585
Indo-Aryan languages	390	195	195	0	0	0	3,035	1,535	1,500
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	50
Gujarati	30	15	10	0	0	0	235	110	120
Hindi	120	65	55	0	0	0	1,145	595	555
Kacchi	15	10	0	0	0	0	45	20	30
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	235	125	110	0	0	0	2,120	1,060	1,060
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	165	80	90	0	0	0	545	280	265
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iranian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0	190	100	95
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	40	20
Persian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0	70	25	45
Dari	30	15	15	0	0	0	60	20	35
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	155	90	60	20	10	15	335	155	180
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Portuguese	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	110	55	50	20	10	10	325	145	175
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	35	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	120	70	55	0	0	0	310	140	170
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	0	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	15	15	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	20	10	10	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	25	10	0	0	0	120	55	65
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0	35	15	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	840	420	415	15	0	10	125	65	65
Chinese languages	825	410	415	15	0	10	115	60	60
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	365	185	180	0	0	0	30	20	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	600	295	300	10	0	0	110	50	55
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,890	1,895	1,990	300	165	140	7,415	3,615	3,800
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	40	20	20	15	15	0	80	25	55
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	40	20	20	15	15	0	80	25	55
First Nations (North American Indian)	15	10	15	0	0	0	30	15	20
Métis	20	10	0	10	10	0	50	10	40
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	3,850	1,875	1,970	290	150	140	7,335	3,590	3,745
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,890	1,895	1,990	300	165	140	7,415	3,615	3,800
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	15	10	15	10	10	0	30	15	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,865	1,885	1,980	295	150	140	7,385	3,600	3,780
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,180	...	...	185	...	...	2,325	...	...
Owner	1,055	...	...	110	...	...	1,575	...	...
Renter	125	...	...	70	...	...	745	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,180	...	...	185	...	...	2,325	...	...
Condominium	220	...	...	55	...	...	1,200	...	...
Not condominium	955	...	...	130	...	...	1,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,180	...	...	185	...	...	2,325	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	15	...	...	60	...	...	165	...	...
2 bedrooms	185	...	...	55	...	...	1,055	...	...
3 bedrooms	610	...	...	15	...	...	490	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	375	...	...	40	...	...	610	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,180	...	...	185	...	...	2,325	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	195	...	...	80	...	...	1,205	...	...
5 rooms	240	...	...	20	...	...	310	...	...
6 rooms	230	...	...	15	...	...	230	...	...
7 rooms	190	...	...	0	...	...	250	...	...
8 or more rooms	325	...	...	55	...	...	335	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.0	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,180	...	...	185	...	...	2,325	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,125	...	...	185	...	...	2,065	...	...
More than one person per room	55	...	...	0	...	...	255	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,180	...	...	185	...	...	2,325	...	...
Suitable	1,130	...	...	185	...	...	2,030	...	...
Not suitable	50	...	...	0	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,180	...	...	185	...	...	2,325	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	35	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...	100	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	20	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	15	...	...	0	...	...	40	...	...
2006 to 2010	25	...	...	0	...	...	620	...	...
2011 to 2015	905	...	...	0	...	...	1,100	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	230	...	...	10	...	...	545	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,180	...	...	185	...	...	2,325	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,180	...	...	160	...	...	2,205	...	...
Major repairs needed	0	...	...	20	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,180	...	...	185	...	...	2,325	...	...
One-maintainer household	445	...	...	125	...	...	930	...	...
Two-maintainer household	665	...	...	60	...	...	1,145	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	70	...	...	0	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,180	...	...	185	...	...	2,325	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	0	...	...	45	...	...
25 to 34 years	210	...	...	30	...	...	605	...	...
35 to 44 years	430	...	...	30	...	...	775	...	...
45 to 54 years	300	...	...	30	...	...	455	...	...
55 to 64 years	150	...	...	40	...	...	280	...	...
65 to 74 years	55	...	...	25	...	...	90	...	...
75 to 84 years	15	...	...	20	...	...	45	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,175	...	...	180	...	...	2,315	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	880	...	...	125	...	...	1,635	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	295	...	...	60	...	...	680	...	...
30% to less than 100%	260	...	...	50	...	...	670	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,180	...	...	185	...	...	2,325	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	315	...	...	80	...	...	990	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	265	...	...	55	...	...	585	...	...
Not suitable only	25	...	...	0	...	...	220	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...	20	...	...	90	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	25	...	...	0	...	...	70	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	860	...	...	105	...	...	1,330	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,135	...	...	180	...	...	2,305	...	...
In core need	60	...	...	25	...	...	230	...	...
Not in core need	1,075	...	...	150	...	...	2,075	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,055	...	...	110	...	...	1,575	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	88.2	...	...	36.4	...	...	93.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	22.3	...	...	18.2	...	...	26.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.9	...	...	0.0	...	...	5.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,300	...	...	1,680	...	...	1,960	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,320	...	...	2,080	...	...	2,072	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	1,100,000	...	...	420,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	546,000	...	...	1,680,000	...	...	399,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	125	...	...	70	...	...	750	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	48.0	...	...	50.0	...	...	36.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.8	...	...	28.6	...	...	20.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,920	...	...	1,050	...	...	1,410	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,960	...	...	1,480	...	...	1,440	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	3,885	1,895	1,990	300	160	140	7,415	3,615	3,800
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	70	20	45	10	10	0	60	35	25
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	70	20	45	10	10	0	55	30	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	40	15	30	10	10	0	15	10	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	10	10	0	0	0	45	25	25
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	3,815	1,870	1,940	290	145	140	7,330	3,570	3,755
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	3,885	1,895	1,990	305	160	140	7,415	3,615	3,800
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	3,380	1,645	1,735	280	150	125	5,735	2,835	2,905
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,135	545	590	30	20	0	1,715	840	870
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,245	1,100	1,145	250	130	120	4,025	1,995	2,035
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	510	250	255	20	0	15	1,675	780	895
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	3,885	1,895	1,990	305	160	140	7,415	3,615	3,800
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	2,175	1,080	1,095	240	130	115	3,035	1,520	1,515
Immigrants⁸¹	1,655	795	860	50	25	25	4,205	1,995	2,210
Before 1980	65	30	35	30	20	15	160	75	80
1980 to 1990	120	65	60	0	0	0	180	80	105
1991 to 2000	300	130	165	0	0	0	580	290	290
2001 to 2010	560	265	290	10	10	0	1,410	640	775
2011 to 2021⁸²	615	310	305	0	0	0	1,875	910	965
2011 to 2015	345	185	160	0	0	0	975	480	495
2016 to 2021	265	130	145	0	0	0	900	430	470
Non-permanent residents⁸³	55	20	35	0	0	0	170	95	75
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,650	790	860	50	25	25	4,205	1,995	2,210
Under 5 years	165	85	75	10	0	10	345	170	170
5 to 14 years	295	145	155	25	15	10	635	325	315
15 to 24 years	240	115	120	0	0	0	765	330	430
25 to 44 years	770	355	415	25	10	10	1,985	960	1,025
45 years and over	185	95	90	0	0	0	485	210	275
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,650	790	860	50	25	25	4,205	1,995	2,210
Americas	110	50	60	10	10	0	345	155	195
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	45
El Salvador	20	10	10	0	0	0	60	30	30
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	10	10	0	0	0	40	15	30
Mexico	25	20	10	0	0	0	35	15	15
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	10	10	0	0	35	15	20
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	10	0	0	0	70	30	40
Europe	135	60	70	25	10	10	55	25	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	10	10	0	10	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	25	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	10	25	10	0	0	30	10	15
Other places of birth in Europe	25	20	10	0	0	0	10	10	0
Africa	250	135	120	0	0	0	550	255	300
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0	30	10	20
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nigeria	165	90	75	0	0	0	240	110	135
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	25	15	0	0	0	220	105	110
Asia	1,160	555	610	15	10	10	3,205	1,535	1,670
Afghanistan	35	15	20	0	0	0	85	40	40
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iraq	35	20	20	0	0	0	30	15	20
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	360	180	185	0	0	0	35	10	25
Hong Kong⁹¹	110	40	65	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	35	25	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	255	115	140	0	0	0	685	300	390
Viet Nam	45	30	20	0	0	0	100	30	65
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30
India	135	65	70	0	0	0	1,665	830	835
Pakistan	60	30	35	0	0	0	340	175	165
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	85	30	55	0	0	0	150	75	75
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	270	125	140	0	0	0	900	430	470
Americas	15	0	10	0	0	0	50	35	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	0
Mexico	15	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	40	20	20	0	0	0	10	10	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	55	25	35	0	0	0	220	90	130
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nigeria	45	20	20	0	0	0	150	70	85
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30
Asia	160	70	85	0	0	0	610	300	310
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	95	45	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	0	0	0	455	230	225
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	10	0	0	0	40	25	15
Philippines	30	15	20	0	0	0	65	25	35
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	3,885	1,895	1,990	300	160	140	7,415	3,615	3,800
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,745	835	905	70	40	30	4,420	2,110	2,320
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,130	585	540	75	50	30	1,990	1,010	975
Third generation or more¹⁰²	1,020	475	545	150	70	80	1,005	495	510
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,590	770	825	25	15	10	4,050	1,920	2,125
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,030	500	530	25	15	10	2,055	1,045	1,010
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	375	225	150	10	10	0	910	515	390
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	660	275	380	15	0	10	1,150	530	615
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	445	200	245	0	0	0	1,465	585	880
Refugees¹⁰⁸	115	65	50	0	0	0	505	275	235
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,590	770	825	25	15	10	4,050	1,920	2,125
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	50	25	25	0	0	0	115	90	25
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	135	50	85	0	0	0	320	105	215
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	55	35	20	0	0	0	50	30	15
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	110	65	50	10	0	0	280	200	80
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,235	585	645	0	0	0	3,280	1,485	1,790
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	3,885	1,895	1,990	300	160	140	7,415	3,615	3,800
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,685	1,320	1,360	50	35	15	6,155	3,015	3,140
South Asian	535	255	280	15	15	0	3,335	1,665	1,670
Chinese	935	465	470	25	15	15	170	85	80
Black	385	180	205	0	0	0	715	350	370
Filipino	320	165	155	0	0	0	890	365	525
Arab	75	35	45	0	0	0	150	90	60
Latin American	80	35	40	0	0	0	300	140	160
Southeast Asian	75	35	40	0	0	0	230	110	120
West Asian	45	30	15	0	0	0	165	90	80
Korean	45	35	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25	15	20	0	0	0	75	40	30
Multiple visible minorities	135	55	80	0	0	0	125	70	50
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,200	570	630	250	125	125	1,260	605	655
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	3,885	1,900	1,990	305	160	140	7,415	3,615	3,800
Canadian	240	105	130	35	20	15	490	280	210
English	350	175	170	70	45	30	290	150	140
Irish	240	100	145	60	30	35	235	100	135
Scottish	365	170	195	95	45	50	205	70	130
French, n.o.s.¹²²	165	75	90	20	15	10	140	70	65
German	250	115	135	35	20	20	235	115	120
Chinese	930	450	480	25	10	15	285	140	140
Italian	140	60	75	0	0	0	90	40	50
Indian (India)	380	190	190	15	15	0	1,845	900	945
Ukrainian	160	85	80	20	0	15	100	55	45
Dutch	55	45	0	15	0	15	25	15	15
Polish	110	60	50	20	10	15	45	25	15
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	25	25	0	15	0	0	75	45	30
Filipino	300	145	155	0	0	0	810	345	465
French Canadian	0	0	0	10	0	10	15	0	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	25	10	10	0	0	0	100	15	85
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	30	10	20	0	0	0	25	10	10
Métis	30	15	15	0	0	0	55	25	25
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	75	40	40	10	0	10	50	25	25
Russian	30	20	15	0	0	0	35	10	25
Norwegian	75	15	60	10	0	0	35	15	20
Welsh	10	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Portuguese	15	10	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
American	25	20	10	0	0	0	30	20	10
Spanish	40	15	25	0	0	0	210	90	120
Swedish	35	20	15	20	15	0	10	0	10
Hungarian	10	0	10	10	10	0	85	65	25
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	115	45	70	0	0	0	400	210	185
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	25	10	15	0	0	0	120	60	55
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	80	50	30	0	0	0	525	260	265
Vietnamese	50	30	20	0	0	0	185	95	85
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	35	20	15	0	0	0	65	40	25
Greek	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	25	10	20	0	0	0	75	35	40
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	130	75	50	0	0	0	120	60	65
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	55	40	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	35	25	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Danish	30	10	15	20	10	10	40	30	10
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sikh	40	20	15	0	0	0	460	250	205
Austrian	20	0	15	0	0	0	20	15	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
Hindu	25	15	10	0	0	0	90	45	45
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swiss	45	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	45
Egyptian	40	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	30	15
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Afghan	40	20	20	0	0	0	130	70	60
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Hong Konger	105	45	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	85	45	40	0	0	0	135	60	70
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	40	15	20	0	0	0	40	25	20
Salvadorean	15	0	15	0	0	0	30	10	20
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	25
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	60	30	35	0	0	0	55	30	25
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eritrean	25	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	85	40	45	0	0	0	45	25	30
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	35	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	3,890	1,895	1,990	300	165	140	7,415	3,615	3,800
Buddhist	115	50	70	0	0	0	95	50	45
Christian	1,670	795	875	155	80	80	2,445	1,070	1,375
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	490	240	255	30	15	10	670	310	365
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	35	15	25	25	10	15	55	20	40
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	780	375	410	75	35	35	1,230	530	700
Christian Orthodox	45	20	30	0	0	0	40	25	20
Jehovah's Witness	35	20	15	0	0	0	40	10	25
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	40
Lutheran	15	15	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	115	65	45	0	0	0	245	105	145
Presbyterian	20	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	30	10	20	10	0	0	20	10	10
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	75	25	50	0	0	0	30	20	10
Hindu	25	20	10	0	0	0	545	250	295
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	315	140	175	0	0	0	1,255	665	590
Sikh	190	95	95	0	0	0	1,845	940	905
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	40	20	20	10	0	0	50	10	40
No religion and secular perspectives	1,520	770	755	135	80	60	1,190	635	555
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	3,810	1,865	1,950	305	160	140	7,295	3,555	3,735
Non-movers	3,365	1,660	1,700	275	140	130	6,260	3,070	3,190
Movers	450	205	245	25	15	0	1,035	485	545
Non-migrants	310	140	175	20	15	0	745	360	390
Migrants	140	70	75	10	0	0	285	130	155
Internal migrants	80	40	40	0	0	0	145	65	75
Intraprovincial migrants	35	0	25	0	0	0	70	25	45
Interprovincial migrants	45	30	15	0	0	0	75	45	35
External migrants	60	30	30	0	0	0	145	60	80
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	3,495	1,700	1,795	300	155	140	6,780	3,320	3,460
Non-movers	2,030	1,000	1,030	175	95	80	3,695	1,805	1,890
Movers	1,470	695	770	125	65	60	3,085	1,515	1,570
Non-migrants	940	460	480	65	30	30	1,875	910	965
Migrants	520	235	290	55	35	25	1,210	605	605
Internal migrants	310	135	170	45	25	20	550	275	280
Intraprovincial migrants	125	55	70	20	15	10	255	120	135
Interprovincial migrants	185	85	95	20	10	10	300	155	150
External migrants	220	95	115	15	10	0	655	335	320
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,790	1,335	1,455	275	145	135	5,750	2,810	2,935
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	310	140	170	15	10	0	940	445	490
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,480	1,195	1,285	265	135	130	4,805	2,370	2,445
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,205	1,050	1,160	190	100	90	4,355	2,210	2,145
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	115	60	50	10	0	0	440	240	205
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,095	985	1,110	185	100	85	3,915	1,975	1,945
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,795	1,335	1,455	275	140	135	5,745	2,815	2,930
No certificate, diploma or degree	285	115	165	20	15	0	885	405	480
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	580	290	285	55	30	25	1,445	680	765
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,930	930	1,000	205	100	105	3,420	1,730	1,690
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	680	340	345	35	15	20	1,410	775	635
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	120	80	40	10	0	0	310	240	70
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	35	20	20	0	0	0	145	105	45
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	90	60	25	0	0	0	165	140	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	430	185	240	25	10	15	880	410	470
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	130	65	60	0	0	0	225	120	100
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,250	590	660	170	85	85	2,015	955	1,055
Bachelor's degree	895	395	505	105	50	50	1,380	660	720
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	75	40	30	0	0	0	140	70	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	65	25	40	15	0	15	40	10	30
Master's degree	210	125	85	45	25	15	440	205	235
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,210	1,045	1,160	190	100	95	4,355	2,210	2,150
No certificate, diploma or degree	85	40	45	10	0	0	390	195	190
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	355	180	170	30	20	15	960	480	485
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,770	835	940	155	80	75	3,010	1,535	1,475
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	610	300	315	25	20	10	1,170	670	500
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	115	75	40	10	10	0	260	210	50
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	35	15	15	0	0	0	115	80	30
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	85	55	25	10	10	0	140	130	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	385	160	225	15	0	10	730	360	375
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	110	65	50	0	0	0	175	100	70
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,160	535	630	130	65	70	1,840	870	970
Bachelor's degree	835	360	475	90	45	45	1,250	600	650
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	35	30	0	0	0	120	60	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	65	30	35	10	0	10	40	15	25
Master's degree	195	110	90	25	15	15	415	185	230
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,790	1,340	1,450	280	145	130	5,745	2,815	2,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	865	410	450	70	45	25	2,325	1,080	1,240
Education	65	20	40	0	0	0	120	25	100
13. Education	65	20	40	0	0	0	120	25	100
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	15	25	10	0	10	80	40	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	25	0	25	10	0	10	70	30	40
Humanities	65	20	40	15	0	10	240	95	145
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0	0	0	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	10	15	10	0	10	165	75	90
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
54. History	0	0	0	10	0	0	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	190	70	120	45	25	20	275	75	195
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	30	0	0	0	25	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	10	25	20	0	55	0	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	30	10	20	0	0	0	45	10	35
45. Social sciences	75	40	40	20	0	15	125	60	70
Business, management and public administration	525	235	290	55	30	30	825	385	440
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	0	30	0	0	0	25	10	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	495	235	260	55	30	30	800	375	430
Physical and life sciences and technologies	70	35	40	15	0	0	215	95	120
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	0	20	0	0	0	90	30	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	10	15	0	0	0	70	25	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	20	0	0	0	0	50	35	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	70	15	0	0	0	250	160	90
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	85	70	15	0	0	0	225	140	80
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	390	330	60	25	15	10	765	650	110
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	0	0	0	0	30	25	0
14. Engineering	215	175	40	20	15	0	315	255	60
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	85	65	20	0	0	0	180	135	40
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45	45	0	0	0	0	110	110	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	30	30	0	0	0	0	85	85	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	40	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	10	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Health and related fields	405	105	305	30	0	25	505	125	380
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	10	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	365	85	280	20	0	20	475	115	360
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	80	25	55	0	0	0	115	65	50
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	55	10	45	0	0	0	75	35	45
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0	0	0	30	25	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,205	1,045	1,165	190	100	90	4,355	2,210	2,145
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	440	215	220	35	20	15	1,350	670	675
Education	55	20	40	0	0	0	120	25	95
13. Education	55	20	40	0	0	0	120	25	95
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	10	20	10	0	10	70	30	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	20	0	20	10	0	10	65	30	35
Humanities	40	10	30	10	0	10	180	70	115
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	15	10	0	10	135	60	75
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	10	0	0	15	10	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	180	60	120	35	20	15	225	60	165
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	0	0	0	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	30	0	0	0	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	20	10	10	15	15	0	50	0	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	30	10	20	0	0	0	45	0	40
45. Social sciences	75	35	40	15	0	15	105	50	50
Business, management and public administration	495	215	280	35	20	15	735	340	390
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	0	25	0	0	0	25	10	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	465	215	250	35	20	15	710	335	375
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60	30	30	0	0	0	170	70	95
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	15	0	0	0	65	25	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	15	0	0	0	55	15	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	20	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	85	65	15	0	0	0	235	150	90
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	75	65	10	0	0	0	210	135	80
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	365	305	60	25	20	10	675	585	90
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0	0	0	25	20	0
14. Engineering	205	165	40	20	15	0	280	225	55
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	75	60	15	0	0	0	145	115	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	40	40	0	0	0	0	105	105	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	20	0	0	0	0	75	75	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	0	0	0	40	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	0	10	0	0	0	30	20	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	365	85	280	20	0	20	475	120	355
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	10	10	0	0	0	20	10	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	325	70	260	15	0	15	450	115	340
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	75	25	50	0	0	0	95	65	35
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	50	10	40	0	0	0	55	25	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0	0	0	30	25	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,205	1,045	1,165	190	100	90	4,355	2,210	2,145
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	440	215	220	35	20	15	1,350	670	675
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,770	830	940	160	80	75	3,010	1,540	1,470
Location of study inside Canada	1,155	530	620	140	70	65	1,410	760	650
Same as province or territory of residence	900	405	495	65	25	35	1,075	590	485
Different than province or territory of residence	250	115	130	70	45	25	340	170	165
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	620	305	320	20	10	10	1,600	780	825
Americas	70	35	35	0	0	0	110	45	70
United States of America	55	25	30	0	0	0	35	15	20
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Europe	65	30	25	15	10	0	75	50	25
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	15	10	15	0	0	55	40	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	70	35	35	0	0	0	125	55	75
Nigeria	45	20	25	0	0	0	65	40	30
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	15	10	10	0	0	0	55	15	35
Asia	405	195	215	0	0	0	1,260	610	645
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	90	40	50	0	0	0	10	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	140	65	75	0	0	0	340	165	175
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	50	25	25	0	0	0	715	350	360
Pakistan	40	20	20	0	0	0	115	60	55
Other locations of study in Asia	25	15	10	0	0	0	45	20	20
Oceania	10	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	2,795	1,335	1,455	275	140	135	5,745	2,815	2,930
In the labour force	2,135	1,100	1,035	195	105	90	4,395	2,300	2,095
Employed	1,925	970	955	180	95	85	3,870	2,065	1,795
Unemployed	210	135	80	15	10	0	525	225	300
Not in the labour force	650	235	420	80	35	45	1,355	515	835
Participation rate	76.4	82.4	71.1	70.9	75.0	66.7	76.5	81.7	71.5
Employment rate	68.9	72.7	65.6	65.5	67.9	63.0	67.4	73.4	61.3
Unemployment rate	9.8	12.3	7.7	7.7	9.5	0.0	11.9	9.8	14.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	2,790	1,340	1,450	280	145	130	5,745	2,815	2,935
Did not work¹⁸⁶	690	265	425	70	40	30	1,690	660	1,030
Worked	2,100	1,075	1,025	205	105	100	4,055	2,150	1,905
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,190	665	530	115	70	50	2,030	1,190	840
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	910	410	500	90	35	50	2,025	955	1,065
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.2	42.1	40.3	43.4	44.4	42.4	39.3	41.0	37.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,140	1,100	1,035	200	110	90	4,395	2,300	2,095
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	15	20	0	0	0	140	50	80
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,100	1,090	1,010	190	100	90	4,255	2,245	2,010
Employee	1,745	875	870	145	75	70	3,665	1,840	1,825
Permanent position	1,495	735	765	130	70	60	3,085	1,595	1,485
Temporary position	250	145	110	10	0	10	580	240	340
Fixed term (1 year or more)	95	50	45	10	0	0	230	110	120
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	155	95	60	0	0	0	350	130	225
Self-employed¹⁹²	350	210	145	45	30	20	590	405	180
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,140	1,100	1,035	200	110	90	4,395	2,300	2,095
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	15	20	0	0	0	140	50	80
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,100	1,090	1,010	190	100	90	4,255	2,245	2,010
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	10	10	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	465	150	310	30	0	25	640	165	470
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	280	220	60	25	20	0	355	270	85
3 Health occupations	315	80	235	30	0	25	340	110	230
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	255	95	165	20	10	10	325	105	225
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	50	30	20	0	0	0	55	35	25
6 Sales and service occupations	370	190	180	35	20	20	1,245	485	755
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	310	280	30	15	15	0	1,050	915	135
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	25	15	10	0	0	0	35	20	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	20	20	0	0	0	0	195	120	70
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,140	1,100	1,035	200	110	90	4,395	2,300	2,095
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	15	20	0	0	0	140	50	80
All industries¹⁹¹	2,100	1,090	1,010	190	100	90	4,255	2,245	2,010
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	80	40	40	10	10	0	75	60	25
22 Utilities	30	20	15	0	0	0	30	20	10
23 Construction	155	120	35	20	15	0	300	240	60
31-33 Manufacturing	30	30	0	0	0	0	200	150	50
41 Wholesale trade	65	45	15	0	0	0	150	65	80
44-45 Retail trade	175	80	95	10	0	0	640	285	350
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	115	85	35	10	0	0	665	525	135
51 Information and cultural industries	20	10	15	0	0	0	110	60	50
52 Finance and insurance	100	45	55	10	10	0	135	50	85
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	50	40	15	0	0	0	40	20	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	280	175	105	35	25	10	260	140	120
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	15	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	65	45	20	0	0	0	250	130	120
61 Educational services	115	40	75	10	0	10	155	80	80
62 Health care and social assistance	440	105	335	30	0	25	540	145	395
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	10	15	0	0	0	40	20	25
72 Accommodation and food services	110	50	65	20	10	10	300	110	190
81 Other services (except public administration)	115	70	45	0	0	0	180	65	115
91 Public administration	100	60	40	20	10	10	145	75	70
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,270	1,155	1,115	215	115	100	4,530	2,375	2,155
English	2,060	1,040	1,020	210	115	100	4,095	2,175	1,925
French	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-official language	70	40	30	0	0	0	75	40	35
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	70	40	30	0	0	0	75	40	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	25
English and non-official language(s)	135	75	60	0	0	0	320	155	165
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,270	1,155	1,115	215	115	100	4,530	2,375	2,155
Single responses	2,245	1,145	1,100	215	115	100	4,435	2,335	2,100
Official languages	2,150	1,085	1,065	215	115	100	4,300	2,280	2,025
English	2,145	1,085	1,060	215	115	100	4,290	2,275	2,015
French	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-official languages	95	55	40	0	0	0	135	60	75
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	95	55	40	0	0	0	135	60	75
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	65
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	50
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	50
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	50
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	45	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	85	45	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	65	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	15	0	0	0	90	40	55
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0	0	0	85	40	45
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,270	1,155	1,115	215	115	100	4,530	2,375	2,155
None	2,165	1,095	1,070	210	115	100	4,265	2,250	2,015
English	20	10	0	0	0	0	50	15	35
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Non-official language	65	45	25	0	0	0	110	55	55
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	65	45	25	0	0	0	110	55	55
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	0	15	0	0	0	80	50	35
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,925	970	955	180	95	85	3,865	2,070	1,800
Worked at home	620	320	300	60	25	35	680	330	350
Worked outside Canada	35	20	15	0	0	0	25	20	10
No fixed workplace address	230	155	70	15	10	0	760	555	205
Usual place of work	1,045	480	565	105	65	45	2,400	1,165	1,235
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,045	480	565	105	60	45	2,400	1,165	1,235
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	935	415	525	100	60	45	2,025	980	1,050
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	55	35	20	0	0	0	315	150	170
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	30	15	10	0	0	0	35	30	10
Commute to a different province or territory	25	15	10	0	0	0	20	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,270	635	640	115	75	50	3,160	1,725	1,435
Car, truck or van	1,150	575	580	75	40	25	2,820	1,610	1,205
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,080	565	520	70	40	25	2,595	1,565	1,035
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	70	10	60	0	0	0	215	50	170
Public transit	50	15	35	0	0	0	260	65	195
Walked	30	10	20	30	25	10	25	0	20
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	40	30	10	0	0	0	65	40	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,270	635	640	115	75	50	3,160	1,725	1,435
Less than 15 minutes	150	55	95	50	30	20	500	260	240
15 to 29 minutes	545	260	285	35	20	10	1,435	805	635
30 to 44 minutes	455	240	220	30	20	10	830	460	370
45 to 59 minutes	70	45	25	0	0	0	190	95	95
60 minutes and over	45	30	15	0	0	0	205	105	100
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,270	635	640	115	75	50	3,160	1,725	1,435
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	65	50	10	0	0	0	235	135	100
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	205	110	90	15	10	0	520	335	185
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	310	135	170	40	30	10	725	405	320
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	280	140	145	30	10	15	550	245	300
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	195	85	115	15	0	10	415	185	235
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	215	110	105	15	10	10	715	420	300
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,215	595	620	40	25	15	2,010	1,020	990
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	80	40	40	0	5	0	80	40	40
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,135	555	580	35	20	15	1,935	980	960
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	810	390	420	35	20	10	1,275	645	630
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60	30	30	0	0	0	55	30	25
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	10	15	0	0	0	30	15	15
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35	20	15	0	0	0	30	15	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	755	360	390	30	20	15	1,215	615	605

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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