Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062526More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062217More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062560More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	3,780	...	...	419	...	...	3,461	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	919	...	...	169	...	...	1,207	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	881	...	...	167	...	...	1,183	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,491.5	...	...	2,498.5	...	...	3,157.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2.53	...	...	0.17	...	...	1.10	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	3,780	1,895	1,890	420	210	205	3,465	1,710	1,745
0 to 14 years	850	430	425	40	20	20	880	455	420
0 to 4 years	230	115	110	10	10	0	235	115	115
5 to 9 years	315	160	155	15	5	10	295	140	155
10 to 14 years	315	155	160	15	5	10	350	200	150
15 to 64 years	2,600	1,300	1,305	240	120	120	2,345	1,150	1,195
15 to 19 years	280	140	150	25	15	10	235	125	105
20 to 24 years	315	160	150	30	15	15	150	75	80
25 to 29 years	270	130	140	10	10	5	185	90	90
30 to 34 years	285	130	150	0	0	0	265	110	155
35 to 39 years	355	170	180	20	5	10	355	160	200
40 to 44 years	315	165	155	10	10	5	380	185	195
45 to 49 years	275	135	135	30	10	15	280	150	130
50 to 54 years	190	95	100	25	10	15	220	120	105
55 to 59 years	145	75	70	45	20	20	150	75	70
60 to 64 years	170	90	80	50	25	25	130	60	70
65 years and over	325	165	160	140	75	70	235	100	135
65 to 69 years	135	60	70	30	15	10	85	35	45
70 to 74 years	105	55	50	45	25	25	75	25	45
75 to 79 years	50	25	25	40	25	20	40	20	20
80 to 84 years	15	10	10	15	5	10	20	15	10
85 years and over	20	10	5	10	5	5	10	5	10
85 to 89 years	10	5	5	10	5	5	10	5	5
90 to 94 years	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	22.5	22.7	22.5	9.5	9.5	9.8	25.4	26.6	24.1
15 to 64 years	68.8	68.6	69.0	57.1	57.1	58.5	67.7	67.3	68.5
65 years and over	8.6	8.7	8.5	33.3	35.7	34.1	6.8	5.8	7.7
85 years and over	0.5	0.5	0.3	2.4	2.4	2.4	0.3	0.3	0.6
Average age of the population	33.8	34.0	33.6	52.0	50.8	53.2	33.7	33.1	34.2
Median age of the population	32.8	33.2	32.8	58.0	58.8	57.6	35.2	34.8	35.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	880	...	...	170	...	...	1,185	...	...
Single-detached house	575	...	...	170	...	...	865	...	...
Semi-detached house	45	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
Row house	50	...	...	0	...	...	45	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	120	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	90	...	...	0	...	...	245	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	885	...	...	170	...	...	1,180	...	...
1 person	75	...	...	30	...	...	210	...	...
2 persons	110	...	...	75	...	...	330	...	...
3 persons	120	...	...	25	...	...	215	...	...
4 persons	220	...	...	25	...	...	270	...	...
5 or more persons	350	...	...	10	...	...	155	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,780	1,895	1,885	415	210	210	3,460	1,715	1,750
Average household size	4.3	...	...	2.5	...	...	2.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	2,925	1,465	1,465	380	190	190	2,585	1,255	1,325
Married or living common-law	1,850	925	930	270	135	135	1,690	845	845
Married	1,795	900	900	255	130	125	1,430	715	715
Living common-law	50	25	30	20	10	10	260	130	130
Living common law - Never married	40	20	20	0	0	0	200	100	100
Living common law - Separated	5	5	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Living common law - Divorced	10	5	5	10	5	5	45	20	25
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Not married and not living common-law	1,075	535	535	115	55	55	890	410	480
Not married and not living common law - Never married	850	460	395	75	45	30	635	330	310
Not married and not living common law - Separated	65	20	40	0	0	0	65	25	35
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	75	35	35	5	5	5	125	45	75
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	90	20	70	25	5	15	70	10	60
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	990	...	...	140	...	...	975	...	...
2 persons	300	...	...	80	...	...	355	...	...
3 persons	200	...	...	25	...	...	225	...	...
4 persons	315	...	...	25	...	...	275	...	...
5 or more persons	170	...	...	5	...	...	115	...	...
Average size of census families	3.4	...	...	2.7	...	...	3.2	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.0	...	...	1.7	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	985	...	...	140	...	...	970	...	...
Total couple families	865	...	...	130	...	...	835	...	...
Married couples	845	...	...	125	...	...	705	...	...
With children⁶	615	...	...	55	...	...	495	...	...
Without children	225	...	...	70	...	...	215	...	...
Common-law couples	30	...	...	5	...	...	130	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	0	...	...	60	...	...
Without children	10	...	...	10	...	...	70	...	...
Total one-parent families	120	...	...	5	...	...	135	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	85	...	...	5	...	...	100	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	30	...	...	0	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	3,780	1,895	1,885	420	210	210	3,460	1,715	1,750
Total - Persons in census families	3,385	1,690	1,700	375	190	180	3,090	1,550	1,545
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,740	865	870	265	135	135	1,670	835	835
Parents in one-parent families	120	30	90	5	0	5	135	35	95
Children⁶	1,530	790	740	100	55	45	1,285	680	605
In a two-parent family	1,335	685	650	95	55	40	1,065	565	495
In a one-parent family	200	110	85	10	5	0	225	115	110
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	395	205	185	40	20	25	370	160	205
Living alone	80	55	25	25	15	10	210	90	120
Living with other relatives⁷	190	85	110	10	0	5	75	25	45
Living with non-relatives only	125	75	55	5	5	5	85	45	45
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	880	...	...	165	...	...	1,185	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	465	...	...	125	...	...	840	...	...
Couple-family households	420	...	...	125	...	...	735	...	...
With children⁶	360	...	...	45	...	...	485	...	...
Without children	65	...	...	70	...	...	245	...	...
One-parent-family households	45	...	...	0	...	...	105	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	190	...	...	5	...	...	40	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	75	...	...	5	...	...	50	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	40	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
One-person households	80	...	...	25	...	...	210	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	2,930	1,460	1,465	380	190	185	2,580	1,255	1,325
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,695	1,360	1,340	370	185	185	2,415	1,175	1,235
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	34,800	32,000	48,800	65,000	39,200	53,600	66,000	44,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,695	1,360	1,340	370	185	185	2,420	1,180	1,240
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,200	32,000	30,400	44,400	58,800	34,000	46,800	56,000	40,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,245	1,200	1,050	355	180	170	2,245	1,125	1,115
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,000	33,200	24,600	38,000	56,000	25,600	50,800	64,500	39,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,045	1,080	970	240	130	110	2,005	1,015	985
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,000	30,400	25,400	24,200	46,800	19,200	52,800	66,000	42,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,535	1,265	1,270	330	165	165	2,075	975	1,100
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,800	5,560	10,100	10,600	9,800	10,900	5,560	2,900	7,350
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	345	150	195	20	10	10	290	120	170
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,520	x	x	x	5,480	4,800	5,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,190	600	595	90	45	45	755	355	410
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	9,000	8,000	7,500	7,250	8,000	8,000	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	2,890	1,465	1,420	400	200	205	2,545	1,220	1,330
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,685	1,355	1,335	395	195	200	2,355	1,145	1,205
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,480	43,280	37,640	77,600	105,000	51,200	66,000	80,400	52,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,685	1,355	1,335	395	195	200	2,365	1,150	1,210
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,920	38,160	33,680	62,800	83,000	43,200	53,550	62,900	44,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,230	1,200	1,030	385	190	195	2,175	1,095	1,080
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,880	39,500	33,800	70,800	99,000	44,000	63,300	77,800	48,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,015	1,070	940	280	140	145	1,935	985	950
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,640	38,500	34,500	62,400	98,000	28,400	63,800	76,400	50,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,530	1,290	1,235	350	175	180	2,040	955	1,085
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,480	8,690	12,340	10,080	10,300	9,900	8,590	7,300	9,720
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	320	130	195	25	0	25	280	135	140
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,220	5,600	6,600	7,200	...	7,200	6,850	5,600	8,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,125	605	525	100	50	50	785	415	370
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,300	9,480	9,120	7,400	8,400	6,600	8,680	8,360	9,040
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	2,890	1,465	1,425	400	200	200	2,550	1,215	1,330
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	730	450	275	85	55	30	1,030	545	490
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,000	49,600	55,200	125,000	170,000	x	75,000	81,000	67,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,400	56,800	58,400	130,000	160,000	68,000	92,600	108,400	75,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	985	475	515	115	55	55	715	360	355
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,400	17,200	19,800	21,400	27,200	19,600	22,600	26,000	18,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,280	25,100	25,500	51,000	74,000	31,000	32,300	38,400	26,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.6	80.8	69.6	88.0	92.0	82.0	88.8	92.4	83.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	67.8	70.4	64.8	57.0	66.0	39.0	79.6	82.0	76.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.4	19.2	30.5	11.6	8.8	17.2	11.3	7.6	16.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	1.2	2.6	0.5	...	1.6	1.2	0.8	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	10.8	10.7	11.0	2.6	2.1	3.8	4.9	3.9	6.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	9.6	9.8	9.5	2.4	1.9	3.2	4.4	3.7	5.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	2,925	1,465	1,465	380	190	190	2,585	1,255	1,325
Without total income	230	105	125	10	5	5	170	80	90
With total income	2,700	1,355	1,340	370	185	185	2,410	1,175	1,240
Under $10,000 (including loss)	305	125	180	35	10	25	210	85	120
$10,000 to $19,999	370	165	205	35	10	25	195	85	110
$20,000 to $29,999	530	285	245	55	25	30	275	105	165
$30,000 to $39,999	400	195	210	25	10	20	245	100	150
$40,000 to $49,999	340	150	185	40	15	20	210	90	120
$50,000 to $59,999	250	130	115	25	15	15	195	80	115
$60,000 to $69,999	155	90	65	25	15	10	200	75	120
$70,000 to $79,999	125	70	55	10	5	5	170	90	80
$80,000 to $89,999	70	40	30	20	10	10	155	80	75
$90,000 to $99,999	55	40	20	10	0	5	105	65	40
$100,000 and over	95	65	35	90	65	20	455	320	135
$100,000 to $149,999	75	50	25	40	25	15	310	210	100
$150,000 and over	25	20	10	45	40	10	145	110	35
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	2,925	1,465	1,465	380	190	190	2,585	1,255	1,325
Without after-tax income	230	105	125	10	5	5	160	80	85
With after-tax income	2,700	1,355	1,340	370	185	185	2,420	1,180	1,240
Under $10,000 (including loss)	305	125	180	35	10	25	225	90	130
$10,000 to $19,999	375	170	200	40	10	30	210	90	115
$20,000 to $29,999	595	320	275	55	25	30	325	125	200
$30,000 to $39,999	460	215	240	30	5	25	280	115	165
$40,000 to $49,999	390	195	195	55	25	25	250	105	140
$50,000 to $59,999	240	135	105	30	15	10	265	115	150
$60,000 to $69,999	135	75	60	25	15	10	230	115	115
$70,000 to $79,999	90	55	30	15	10	10	150	90	60
$80,000 to $89,999	45	20	25	5	0	5	125	75	55
$90,000 to $99,999	25	15	5	15	10	0	100	65	35
$100,000 and over	45	35	10	65	55	15	260	190	65
$100,000 to $124,999	25	15	5	25	15	5	135	95	40
$125,000 and over	20	20	0	45	40	5	120	95	25
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	2,925	1,465	1,465	380	190	190	2,585	1,255	1,325
Without employment income	880	385	500	145	60	80	580	240	335
With employment income	2,045	1,080	965	240	130	110	2,005	1,015	990
Under $5,000 (including loss)	270	140	130	55	25	30	185	75	105
$5,000 to $9,999	215	105	110	30	15	15	135	55	85
$10,000 to $19,999	305	140	165	20	15	10	200	90	110
$20,000 to $29,999	275	145	135	15	5	10	145	60	80
$30,000 to $39,999	220	105	115	10	0	5	140	60	85
$40,000 to $49,999	195	100	95	10	0	5	145	60	85
$50,000 to $59,999	175	100	75	5	0	5	165	70	100
$60,000 to $69,999	130	70	55	10	5	0	130	60	65
$70,000 to $79,999	80	55	25	5	0	5	150	90	65
$80,000 to $89,999	60	40	25	5	0	0	120	65	55
$90,000 to $99,999	40	30	10	5	0	5	90	60	35
$100,000 and over	80	55	25	65	55	10	390	275	120
$100,000 to $124,999	45	25	15	10	10	0	170	110	60
$125,000 and over	35	30	10	55	45	10	220	165	55
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	2,930	1,460	1,465	380	190	185	2,580	1,255	1,325
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,620	1,320	1,295	360	180	180	2,350	1,140	1,215
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,600	33,200	27,800	51,200	70,500	34,400	54,800	67,000	43,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,620	1,320	1,295	365	180	180	2,355	1,140	1,215
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,800	31,200	26,600	45,600	60,800	31,000	47,600	56,400	39,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,240	1,200	1,045	350	175	175	2,205	1,090	1,120
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,200	34,800	27,600	43,200	58,800	25,200	54,000	67,000	41,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,060	1,090	970	240	130	110	1,985	990	995
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,000	33,200	28,600	34,000	65,500	20,200	55,200	69,500	44,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,375	1,190	1,185	300	155	140	1,945	920	1,025
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,320	1,010	4,480	5,440	1,570	7,750	1,050	890	3,120
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	215	80	135	15	5	10	200	90	115
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,840	5,440	6,240	x	x	x	6,800	4,400	10,100
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	2,890	1,465	1,420	400	200	205	2,545	1,220	1,330
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,580	1,330	1,250	380	190	190	2,265	1,100	1,160
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,520	40,520	34,300	78,400	108,000	48,800	68,100	83,800	53,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,580	1,330	1,250	380	190	190	2,265	1,100	1,160
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,160	35,560	30,650	63,800	86,000	41,600	55,100	65,600	45,100
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,210	1,195	1,015	375	190	185	2,100	1,055	1,035
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	41,300	33,200	73,200	101,000	44,000	69,100	84,200	53,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,000	1,065	930	285	155	130	1,900	980	920
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	40,800	34,000	63,600	88,000	35,000	68,200	80,400	55,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,375	1,230	1,145	320	170	155	1,935	930	1,000
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,760	3,600	8,080	7,850	7,800	7,900	4,740	3,440	5,940
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	175	60	115	0	0	0	160	95	65
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,400	6,400	9,400	...	...	...	8,400	7,500	9,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	2,890	1,465	1,425	400	200	200	2,550	1,215	1,330
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	715	450	265	85	55	30	1,025	545	480
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,800	50,000	51,200	125,000	188,000	x	74,500	79,500	69,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,400	55,200	55,600	130,000	160,000	68,000	90,400	104,400	74,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	895	440	450	110	55	55	655	340	310
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,200	24,800	24,200	25,400	32,000	25,200	37,600	43,200	35,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,700	30,200	29,100	58,000	74,000	40,000	43,500	51,000	35,200
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	85.8	91.6	78.4	92.0	94.0	88.0	94.0	96.4	90.4
Employment income (%)	77.6	80.8	74.0	61.0	66.0	50.0	84.0	85.2	82.0
Government transfers (%)	14.1	8.2	21.5	8.4	6.3	12.8	5.9	3.5	9.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	0.7	2.6	x	...	x	0.8	0.8	1.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	885	...	...	170	...	...	1,180	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	136,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	115,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	80	...	...	25	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,400	...	...	94,000	...	...	61,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,000	...	...	77,500	...	...	52,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	800	...	...	140	...	...	975	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	148,000	...	...	133,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	123,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	880	...	...	170	...	...	1,170	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	123,800	...	...	178,000	...	...	132,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	109,800	...	...	144,000	...	...	108,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	90	...	...	20	...	...	215	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...	220,000	...	...	74,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,000	...	...	160,000	...	...	60,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	790	...	...	150	...	...	955	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	132,400	...	...	172,000	...	...	146,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	117,600	...	...	142,000	...	...	118,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	880	...	...	170	...	...	1,180	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	5	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	45	...	...	5	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	65	...	...	5	...	...	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	65	...	...	0	...	...	80	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	50	...	...	10	...	...	70	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	55	...	...	15	...	...	60	...	...
$100,000 and over	495	...	...	110	...	...	720	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	140	...	...	25	...	...	155	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	120	...	...	15	...	...	150	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	135	...	...	20	...	...	225	...	...
$200,000 and over	105	...	...	50	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	880	...	...	170	...	...	1,180	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	0	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	65	...	...	10	...	...	75	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	65	...	...	5	...	...	90	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	70	...	...	5	...	...	90	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	60	...	...	15	...	...	65	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	70	...	...	15	...	...	100	...	...
$100,000 and over	435	...	...	100	...	...	600	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	155	...	...	20	...	...	195	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	105	...	...	20	...	...	160	...	...
$150,000 and over	180	...	...	55	...	...	250	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	800	...	...	135	...	...	950	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	148,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	123,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	4.5	...	...	2.8	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	80	...	...	75	...	...	255	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	110,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	97,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	600	...	...	60	...	...	550	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	222,000	...	...	144,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	172,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	5.0	...	...	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	75	...	...	5	...	...	130	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	x	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	x	...	...	70,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	3.2	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	205	125	80	30	20	15	295	135	160
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,800	31,600	29,400	62,000	x	x	57,600	66,000	53,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,600	28,800	28,600	54,400	x	x	49,200	55,600	46,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	775	...	...	150	...	...	925	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	125,800	...	...	172,000	...	...	143,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,800	...	...	142,000	...	...	116,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	70	...	...	80	...	...	240	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	138,000	...	...	164,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	125,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	560	...	...	60	...	...	540	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...	220,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	175,000	...	...	124,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	85	...	...	0	...	...	135	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	...	...	...	74,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	...	...	...	68,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	265	165	100	20	0	0	310	155	155
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,600	37,000	49,000	220,000	x	x	72,500	80,000	65,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,400	32,500	43,000	160,000	x	x	59,200	65,000	54,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	3,780	1,895	1,890	420	210	205	3,465	1,710	1,745
0 to 17 years	1,025	510	515	50	30	20	1,030	540	490
0 to 5 years	285	140	140	10	10	0	280	145	140
18 to 64 years	2,430	1,220	1,215	230	110	120	2,195	1,070	1,125
65 years and over	325	165	160	140	75	70	235	100	135
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	265	135	130	10	5	5	180	90	90
0 to 17 years	100	55	50	0	0	0	65	35	30
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	0	0	0	15	5	5
18 to 64 years	140	70	75	10	5	5	95	45	55
65 years and over	20	15	10	0	0	0	15	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.0	7.1	6.9	2.0	2.5	2.0	5.2	5.2	5.1
0 to 17 years (%)	10.0	10.8	9.2	x	x	x	6.4	6.8	5.6
0 to 5 years (%)	11.0	12.0	10.0	x	x	...	6.0	6.0	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.8	5.6	6.2	4.0	5.0	3.0	4.5	4.2	4.8
65 years and over (%)	6.0	8.0	4.0	x	x	x	6.0	6.0	5.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	3,780	1,895	1,885	420	210	210	3,460	1,715	1,750
0 to 17 years	1,025	510	515	50	30	25	1,035	545	490
0 to 5 years	280	140	145	10	10	0	285	140	140
18 to 64 years	2,435	1,215	1,215	225	115	115	2,195	1,070	1,125
65 years and over	320	165	155	145	70	70	235	105	130
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	160	85	75	5	0	5	110	60	50
0 to 17 years	30	20	15	0	0	0	40	25	15
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	0	0	0	15	10	5
18 to 64 years	115	65	50	5	0	5	65	35	30
65 years and over	10	10	5	0	0	0	5	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.2	4.5	3.8	1.2	x	x	3.2	3.4	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	3.2	3.2	3.2	x	x	x	4.0	4.4	3.6
0 to 5 years (%)	4.0	4.0	x	x	x	...	4.5	5.0	4.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.6	5.0	4.2	2.0	x	x	3.0	3.0	2.8
65 years and over (%)	3.6	5.0	2.5	x	x	x	1.6	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	3,780	1,895	1,890	415	210	205	3,465	1,710	1,750
In bottom half of the distribution	1,995	1,020	975	80	40	45	1,295	625	670
In bottom decile	250	130	125	10	5	0	155	75	80
In second decile	310	165	140	10	0	5	180	80	100
In third decile	510	260	255	20	10	15	295	155	145
In fourth decile	480	250	230	25	10	10	340	155	190
In fifth decile	440	210	225	20	10	15	325	165	160
In top half of the distribution	1,790	875	910	335	170	165	2,165	1,085	1,080
In sixth decile	475	230	245	30	15	20	380	185	195
In seventh decile	440	210	225	30	20	15	435	220	215
In eighth decile	455	215	235	50	25	25	475	230	245
In ninth decile	270	130	135	95	50	45	410	220	190
In top decile	155	85	70	135	70	60	465	235	230
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	3,780	...	...	420	...	...	3,460	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.247	...	...	0.350	...	...	0.297	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.368	...	...	0.422	...	...	0.364	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.223	...	...	0.305	...	...	0.259	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.7	...	...	3.5	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	3,780	1,895	1,885	420	215	210	3,460	1,715	1,750
English only	3,325	1,700	1,625	395	205	190	3,235	1,625	1,610
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	80	40	45	20	5	10	175	75	100
Neither English nor French	370	155	215	5	0	0	50	15	35
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	3,780	1,895	1,885	420	215	210	3,460	1,715	1,750
English	3,375	1,720	1,650	405	210	200	3,355	1,675	1,685
French	20	10	10	5	0	5	40	15	25
English and French	20	5	15	5	5	5	15	10	5
Neither English nor French	360	155	210	5	0	0	50	15	35
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	3,780	1,895	1,885	420	215	210	3,460	1,715	1,750
Single responses	3,425	1,705	1,715	405	205	200	3,300	1,630	1,675
Official languages	900	465	430	295	150	145	2,430	1,225	1,205
English	885	460	425	290	150	140	2,400	1,210	1,185
French	15	10	5	5	0	5	35	15	20
Non-official languages	2,520	1,235	1,290	110	55	55	865	400	465
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,520	1,235	1,290	110	55	55	865	400	465
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	25	20	5	5	5	35	20	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	15	5	5	5	35	20	20
Amharic	10	5	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Arabic	25	15	10	0	0	0	35	15	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	10	0	0	0	15	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vietnamese	25	10	10	0	0	0	15	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	180	85	95	0	0	0	200	100	100
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pangasinan	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	140	65	80	0	0	0	165	80	85
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	30	10	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,200	1,090	1,110	70	35	30	410	185	225
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	5	35	15	15	130	55	70
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	5	35	15	15	130	55	70
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	0	5	5	5	30	10	20
Russian	10	0	5	15	5	10	55	20	35
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0	15	10	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	5	5	0	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	10	0	10
German	0	0	0	5	0	0	10	0	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	0	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dutch	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,100	1,035	1,070	15	5	5	165	80	80
Indo-Aryan languages	1,995	975	1,015	10	5	5	130	70	65
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	50	25	25	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	40	20	20	5	0	5	5	5	0
Hindi	70	35	35	0	0	0	20	15	10
Kacchi	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,480	725	755	5	0	5	35	20	20
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	315	150	165	0	0	0	40	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	105	55	50	0	0	0	30	15	15
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	40	20	20	0	0	0	30	10	20
Dari	35	15	20	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	40	35	10	5	10	100	40	55
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Portuguese	5	5	5	5	5	5	15	5	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Spanish	60	35	30	5	5	5	50	20	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	5	0	0	0	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15	25	10	15	145	65	80
Chinese languages	25	10	15	25	10	15	145	65	80
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	25	10	15	115	50	65
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	10	5	0	5	30	15	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	355	190	175	15	10	5	160	85	75
English and French	0	5	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	320	170	150	10	10	10	130	70	65
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	15	0	0	0	10	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	3,780	1,895	1,885	420	215	210	3,460	1,715	1,750
English	825	430	390	320	165	150	2,455	1,245	1,210
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	1,230	610	620	30	15	20	255	110	145
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	1,230	610	620	30	15	20	255	110	145
English and French	10	10	5	0	0	0	45	15	25
English and non-official language(s)	1,595	785	810	65	30	35	655	315	340
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	5	10	5	0	0	20	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	105	50	55	0	0	0	20	10	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	3,780	1,895	1,885	420	215	210	3,460	1,715	1,750
Single responses	3,345	1,680	1,665	410	210	195	3,310	1,640	1,665
Official languages	1,240	630	610	355	185	175	2,760	1,390	1,375
English	1,235	630	610	355	185	175	2,755	1,385	1,370
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	10
Non-official languages	2,100	1,050	1,055	55	25	25	545	255	295
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,100	1,050	1,055	55	25	25	545	255	295
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0	30	15	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0	30	15	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Arabic	20	10	5	0	0	0	20	10	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	5	15	0	0	0	10	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	5	15	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	140	65	75	5	5	5	95	45	45
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	120	55	65	5	5	5	80	40	40
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	5	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,860	935	925	30	15	15	255	115	140
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	10	5	10	85	35	50
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	10	5	10	85	35	50
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	5	5	10	5	10
Russian	5	0	0	10	5	10	45	15	25
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,795	895	895	10	5	5	110	50	60
Indo-Aryan languages	1,730	870	865	5	5	5	95	45	50
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	30	15	15	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	35	15	20	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kacchi	5	5	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kashmiri	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,355	680	670	0	0	0	25	10	15
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	255	120	130	0	0	0	25	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	60	30	30	0	0	0	15	5	10
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0	15	5	10
Dari	25	15	15	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	35	25	5	5	5	55	25	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Spanish	50	25	25	0	0	0	30	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	5	20	10	10	115	50	65
Chinese languages	15	5	5	20	10	10	115	50	65
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	5	15	10	5	100	45	50
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0	0	0	15	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	440	215	225	10	0	5	150	70	75
English and French	0	5	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	430	210	220	10	0	5	130	65	65
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	3,780	1,895	1,885	420	210	210	3,460	1,715	1,750
None	2,400	1,215	1,190	360	185	175	2,830	1,415	1,415
English	655	330	325	20	10	10	240	115	125
French	5	5	5	5	5	0	35	15	20
Non-official language	540	260	285	35	15	20	285	135	150
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	540	260	285	35	15	20	285	135	150
English and French	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	110	50	55	0	0	0	30	20	15
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	50	30	20	0	0	0	25	10	15
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	3,735	1,910	1,820	455	230	225	3,410	1,680	1,730
Official languages	3,410	1,770	1,630	455	230	225	3,360	1,660	1,695
English	3,410	1,770	1,630	455	230	225	3,360	1,660	1,695
French	95	45	60	35	10	25	200	95	105
Non-official languages	3,205	1,610	1,590	145	80	65	1,310	610	695
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,205	1,610	1,590	145	80	65	1,310	610	695
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	55	15	0	0	0	120	65	50
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	55	15	0	0	0	120	65	50
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	55	45	10	0	0	0	70	40	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	0	30	0	0	0	30	15	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	0	30	0	0	0	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	215	100	115	0	0	0	370	170	200
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	0	10	0	0	0	15	0	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	215	100	115	0	0	0	360	165	195
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0	50	20	25
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,780	1,415	1,365	100	60	40	580	270	305
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	25	15	10	190	75	115
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	25	15	10	190	75	115
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10	0	0	0	40	20	25
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	45	70
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	0	20	10	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	25	0	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	20	0	20
German	0	0	0	10	10	0	20	0	20
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,630	1,350	1,285	50	35	20	220	115	105
Indo-Aryan languages	2,535	1,305	1,230	50	25	20	165	85	85
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	35	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	0	20	0	0	0	15	0	0
Hindi	600	295	310	0	0	0	85	40	50
Kacchi	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,945	1,025	925	0	0	0	45	25	20
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	605	300	305	0	0	0	50	25	25
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	140	75	65	0	0	0	60	35	25
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	95	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	45	25	20	0	0	0	55	25	25
Dari	35	20	10	0	0	0	40	20	20
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	40	45	10	0	10	155	75	75
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	45	25
Spanish	70	30	40	10	0	10	85	35	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	65	20	40	0	0	0	40	10	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	35	15	20	165	80	80
Chinese languages	30	15	15	35	15	20	165	80	80
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	25	10	15	125	60	65
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	15	10	0	0	45	25	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	15	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	0	15	0	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,735	1,915	1,820	455	235	225	3,410	1,685	1,730
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	30	25	0	85	45	35
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	30	25	0	75	40	35
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	20
Métis	0	0	0	30	25	0	40	20	15
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	3,725	1,910	1,815	430	210	220	3,330	1,635	1,690
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,735	1,915	1,820	455	235	225	3,410	1,685	1,730
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,725	1,910	1,815	455	235	225	3,370	1,660	1,710
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	880	...	...	170	...	...	1,170	...	...
Owner	690	...	...	165	...	...	960	...	...
Renter	190	...	...	0	...	...	210	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	880	...	...	170	...	...	1,170	...	...
Condominium	170	...	...	0	...	...	300	...	...
Not condominium	710	...	...	170	...	...	865	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	880	...	...	170	...	...	1,170	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	55	...	...	0	...	...	45	...	...
2 bedrooms	165	...	...	0	...	...	260	...	...
3 bedrooms	225	...	...	75	...	...	530	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	430	...	...	90	...	...	335	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	880	...	...	170	...	...	1,170	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	295	...	...	0	...	...	305	...	...
5 rooms	100	...	...	10	...	...	205	...	...
6 rooms	140	...	...	10	...	...	155	...	...
7 rooms	130	...	...	35	...	...	140	...	...
8 or more rooms	210	...	...	125	...	...	365	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	8.8	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	880	...	...	170	...	...	1,170	...	...
One person or fewer per room	720	...	...	170	...	...	1,145	...	...
More than one person per room	165	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	880	...	...	170	...	...	1,170	...	...
Suitable	740	...	...	170	...	...	1,115	...	...
Not suitable	140	...	...	0	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	880	...	...	170	...	...	1,170	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	10	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	80	...	...	155	...	...	35	...	...
2001 to 2005	190	...	...	0	...	...	85	...	...
2006 to 2010	355	...	...	0	...	...	665	...	...
2011 to 2015	190	...	...	0	...	...	300	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	40	...	...	0	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	880	...	...	170	...	...	1,170	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	850	...	...	170	...	...	1,140	...	...
Major repairs needed	25	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	880	...	...	170	...	...	1,170	...	...
One-maintainer household	305	...	...	80	...	...	515	...	...
Two-maintainer household	360	...	...	85	...	...	615	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	215	...	...	0	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	880	...	...	170	...	...	1,170	...	...
15 to 24 years	20	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	125	...	...	0	...	...	185	...	...
35 to 44 years	280	...	...	20	...	...	415	...	...
45 to 54 years	215	...	...	20	...	...	295	...	...
55 to 64 years	150	...	...	50	...	...	130	...	...
65 to 74 years	75	...	...	35	...	...	85	...	...
75 to 84 years	15	...	...	35	...	...	40	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	870	...	...	175	...	...	1,170	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	665	...	...	165	...	...	865	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	210	...	...	0	...	...	310	...	...
30% to less than 100%	210	...	...	0	...	...	270	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	880	...	...	170	...	...	1,175	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	350	...	...	10	...	...	365	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	175	...	...	10	...	...	280	...	...
Not suitable only	115	...	...	0	...	...	45	...	...
Major repairs needed only	15	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	25	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	535	...	...	160	...	...	805	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	875	...	...	175	...	...	1,140	...	...
In core need	95	...	...	0	...	...	90	...	...
Not in core need	780	...	...	175	...	...	1,045	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	690	...	...	165	...	...	955	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	86.2	...	...	39.4	...	...	85.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	21.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	24.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.8	...	...	0.0	...	...	6.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,140	...	...	980	...	...	2,120	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,100	...	...	1,470	...	...	2,104	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	448,000	...	...	624,000	...	...	448,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	482,000	...	...	636,000	...	...	475,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	185	...	...	0	...	...	215	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	...	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	35.1	...	...	...	...	...	34.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	30.6	...	...	...	...	...	15.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,270	...	...	x	...	...	1,760	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,310	...	...	x	...	...	1,800	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	3,735	1,915	1,820	455	235	220	3,410	1,680	1,725
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	20	15	10	85	30	50
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	20	15	10	75	30	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	10	0	10	45	15	30
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	3,725	1,905	1,815	435	225	215	3,315	1,650	1,670
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	3,730	1,915	1,820	455	230	220	3,410	1,680	1,730
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	2,830	1,420	1,405	445	230	210	3,140	1,570	1,570
Canadian citizens aged under 18	975	490	485	70	45	25	985	515	470
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,850	935	925	375	190	185	2,155	1,050	1,100
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	905	490	410	15	0	10	275	115	155
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	3,730	1,915	1,820	455	230	220	3,410	1,680	1,730
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	1,220	605	620	345	185	165	2,260	1,130	1,135
Immigrants⁸¹	2,320	1,205	1,115	110	50	55	1,125	545	580
Before 1980	55	15	40	30	15	10	35	10	25
1980 to 1990	110	80	25	35	15	20	85	50	35
1991 to 2000	420	200	220	10	10	0	145	75	75
2001 to 2010	930	485	445	20	0	15	400	200	200
2011 to 2021⁸²	810	425	380	15	0	10	450	215	240
2011 to 2015	485	220	265	0	0	0	245	130	115
2016 to 2021	325	210	115	0	0	0	210	80	125
Non-permanent residents⁸³	185	100	90	0	0	0	25	10	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,325	1,210	1,115	105	50	55	1,125	550	580
Under 5 years	195	110	90	15	0	0	70	45	30
5 to 14 years	275	150	120	0	0	0	235	105	130
15 to 24 years	455	250	210	15	15	0	140	60	75
25 to 44 years	1,060	520	540	65	25	35	580	290	290
45 years and over	335	180	155	10	0	10	105	45	55
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,325	1,210	1,115	105	50	55	1,125	550	580
Americas	65	35	30	10	0	10	70	35	35
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	10	25	15	10
Europe	50	40	15	40	25	15	195	90	105
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	10	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	10	0	0	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20
Africa	170	55	110	0	0	0	110	45	60
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	45	20	30	0	0	0	50	20	30
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	65	25	45	0	0	0	25	10	15
Asia	2,005	1,070	935	45	20	25	755	375	375
Afghanistan	20	10	15	0	0	0	20	15	10
Iran⁸⁸	15	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	20	10	15	105	40	60
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	10	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	225	115	115	0	0	0	360	185	180
Viet Nam	40	10	25	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bangladesh	25	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	1,240	660	585	0	0	0	100	50	50
Pakistan	380	210	175	0	0	0	25	15	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	20	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	25	0	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	320	205	120	0	0	0	205	80	130
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Africa	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	295	185	105	0	0	0	160	65	100
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	240	150	85	0	0	0	25	10	15
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	30	25	10	0	0	0	75	30	40
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	3,735	1,910	1,820	455	235	225	3,410	1,685	1,730
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,525	1,310	1,215	120	60	60	1,185	560	620
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,045	515	530	105	45	60	675	330	340
Third generation or more¹⁰²	160	90	75	230	125	105	1,555	795	760
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,270	1,200	1,075	80	35	45	1,090	535	555
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	840	485	360	45	25	20	775	390	380
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	365	235	130	20	20	0	290	185	100
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	470	245	225	25	0	20	485	205	280
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	1,165	570	595	20	0	20	225	90	140
Refugees¹⁰⁸	215	125	90	15	10	0	85	55	35
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	55	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,270	1,200	1,075	80	35	45	1,090	535	555
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	155	85	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	105	45	60	0	0	0	190	85	100
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	105	90	15	0	0	0	60	30	30
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,895	975	920	80	35	45	810	395	410
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	3,735	1,910	1,820	455	235	225	3,410	1,685	1,730
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	3,530	1,800	1,725	95	45	45	1,185	610	575
South Asian	2,685	1,380	1,315	50	25	20	200	110	90
Chinese	55	20	30	40	20	20	190	100	90
Black	280	130	155	0	0	0	125	65	65
Filipino	265	150	115	0	0	0	425	210	210
Arab	45	35	0	0	0	0	45	30	15
Latin American	50	25	25	0	0	0	30	10	20
Southeast Asian	60	15	45	0	0	0	55	35	20
West Asian	75	45	30	0	0	0	65	30	35
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	10	0	10	0	0	0	35	20	10
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	205	115	95	360	180	175	2,225	1,070	1,155
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	3,730	1,910	1,820	455	230	220	3,410	1,680	1,730
Canadian	120	60	60	30	15	15	490	255	235
English	40	15	25	130	80	45	445	230	215
Irish	30	20	10	55	30	20	425	195	230
Scottish	30	0	20	110	55	55	475	225	250
French, n.o.s.¹²²	15	10	10	15	0	15	260	135	130
German	15	0	10	65	25	40	375	190	185
Chinese	65	20	40	40	15	20	220	120	95
Italian	15	0	10	0	0	0	90	30	65
Indian (India)	980	470	510	0	0	0	140	65	75
Ukrainian	15	15	0	40	20	20	270	125	145
Dutch	0	0	0	20	20	0	100	35	65
Polish	35	20	15	15	0	10	110	50	60
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	20	0	15	60	20	40
Filipino	220	125	95	0	0	0	325	170	150
French Canadian	0	0	0	20	10	15	45	15	35
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	15	10	10	50	15	30
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	80
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	35	65
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Portuguese	20	15	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
American	0	0	0	15	0	10	50	15	35
Spanish	20	10	0	0	0	0	45	25	25
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	10	35	15	20
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	10	0	30	25	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pakistani	435	225	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	10	0	10	55	15	35
Punjabi	530	305	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	60	10	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	35	15	20	0	0	0	25	20	15
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	170	95	75	0	0	0	65	40	30
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	45	30
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	25	15	10	0	0	0	10	10	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	600	295	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	10	0	0	30	0	30
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Haitian	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	70	30	40	0	0	0	35	20	10
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	185	85	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Muslim	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	30	20
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	65	40	25	0	0	0	35	15	20
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	30	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	45	30	15	0	0	0	60	20	40
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	25
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	25	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	3,735	1,915	1,820	455	235	225	3,410	1,685	1,730
Buddhist	30	10	20	0	0	0	40	15	25
Christian	725	360	375	285	145	140	1,610	775	830
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	255	100	155	70	35	30	265	125	135
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	10	10	0	40	0	40
Baptist	0	0	0	10	0	0	15	10	0
Catholic	285	155	125	85	40	45	900	430	465
Christian Orthodox	30	25	0	25	15	10	135	70	65
Jehovah's Witness	15	10	10	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Lutheran	0	0	0	10	0	10	25	15	10
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	60	35	25	0	0	0	30	10	20
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	40	25	15	50	25	20
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	45	20	25	20	10	15	90	55	35
Hindu	230	110	120	0	0	0	70	35	35
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
Muslim	795	420	370	0	0	0	205	105	100
Sikh	1,710	890	820	0	0	0	50	30	20
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	50	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	195	110	85	125	65	60	1,410	705	705
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	3,700	1,905	1,795	455	230	220	3,395	1,675	1,725
Non-movers	3,330	1,720	1,610	400	195	200	3,030	1,490	1,540
Movers	370	185	185	55	35	25	365	180	185
Non-migrants	215	110	105	50	25	20	275	130	145
Migrants	155	75	80	0	0	0	95	50	40
Internal migrants	100	50	55	0	0	0	75	45	30
Intraprovincial migrants	10	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	25
Interprovincial migrants	90	45	45	0	0	0	20	15	10
External migrants	55	25	25	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	3,535	1,810	1,725	440	220	225	3,230	1,590	1,635
Non-movers	2,430	1,225	1,210	335	170	170	1,880	950	930
Movers	1,100	585	515	105	45	55	1,350	640	710
Non-migrants	675	350	325	55	25	25	880	450	430
Migrants	425	240	190	50	20	30	465	185	280
Internal migrants	130	70	60	45	20	25	340	140	200
Intraprovincial migrants	20	0	20	30	10	20	155	75	80
Interprovincial migrants	110	70	40	15	10	10	185	65	115
External migrants	300	165	130	0	0	0	120	45	80
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,890	1,465	1,425	400	200	200	2,550	1,215	1,330
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	555	255	300	25	10	10	310	135	170
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,330	1,210	1,125	380	185	195	2,240	1,080	1,160
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,020	1,005	1,020	205	100	105	1,915	940	975
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	265	135	135	0	0	0	100	50	45
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,755	870	890	205	100	105	1,815	885	930
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,890	1,470	1,420	405	200	205	2,545	1,220	1,330
No certificate, diploma or degree	535	240	290	20	15	10	275	115	155
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	920	520	395	110	45	70	620	295	325
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,435	705	735	270	145	125	1,650	805	850
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	585	305	280	85	45	45	790	425	365
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	90	65	25	20	10	10	215	170	45
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	20	10	10	0	0	0	60	30	35
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	70	55	15	20	10	10	155	140	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	410	195	220	55	35	25	490	225	270
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	85	50	35	15	0	15	85	30	55
Bachelor's degree or higher	855	400	450	180	100	80	860	380	480
Bachelor's degree	545	240	300	115	65	50	600	275	325
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	35	30	15	0	0	75	15	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	15	15	0	0	0	10	10	0
Master's degree	195	95	105	35	20	20	165	75	90
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	15	10	0	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,025	1,005	1,020	205	100	105	1,915	935	980
No certificate, diploma or degree	260	130	125	0	0	0	70	40	35
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	570	305	265	40	10	30	415	205	205
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,195	570	630	165	85	75	1,425	690	735
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	450	235	215	60	30	35	665	365	300
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	65	45	20	0	0	0	180	145	35
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	10	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	50	35	15	0	0	0	135	120	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	310	145	165	40	20	20	415	195	220
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	75	45	30	20	0	10	70	25	45
Bachelor's degree or higher	750	340	410	100	55	45	760	325	435
Bachelor's degree	465	195	265	60	30	25	525	220	305
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	50	25	25	0	0	0	60	15	45
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	20	15	0	0	0	10	10	0
Master's degree	185	85	95	25	15	15	155	75	85
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	10	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,890	1,470	1,425	405	200	205	2,550	1,220	1,330
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,455	765	690	130	55	75	895	410	480
Education	75	15	60	20	0	20	80	15	65
13. Education	75	15	60	20	0	20	80	15	65
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	15	0	10	0	0	30	20	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	20	15	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Humanities	200	75	125	20	10	15	75	30	45
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	180	70	110	0	0	0	20	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	100	25	75	30	15	15	125	35	90
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15	0	0	0	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	40	10	30	0	0	0	15	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	30	20	10	25	15	10	50	15	35
Business, management and public administration	240	95	145	90	35	50	335	115	220
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	240	95	140	85	35	45	320	115	200
Physical and life sciences and technologies	105	50	50	10	10	0	60	35	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	15	20	0	0	0	30	15	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	25	20	0	0	0	20	20	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	10	10	0	0	0	15	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	45	15	0	0	0	75	40	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	40	15	0	0	0	65	35	25
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	265	235	30	50	50	0	495	420	70
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
14. Engineering	135	110	25	30	30	0	195	150	40
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	60	60	0	10	10	0	95	80	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	10	10	0	90	90	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35	35	0	0	0	0	75	75	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	25	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	15	0	0	0	0	35	10	30
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	15	0	0	0	0	20	0	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Health and related fields	280	85	190	25	10	20	255	55	200
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	270	85	185	25	10	15	235	35	200
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	75	45	25	10	0	10	85	35	50
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	40	25	15	10	0	10	45	10	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	25	15	10	0	0	0	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,025	1,005	1,020	205	100	105	1,915	935	975
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	830	435	390	40	10	25	485	245	240
Education	65	10	50	10	0	10	65	10	55
13. Education	65	10	50	10	0	10	65	10	55
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	15	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	15	15	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Humanities	185	65	120	10	0	0	65	25	45
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	165	60	105	0	0	0	20	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	80	20	55	20	0	10	115	30	85
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15	0	0	0	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	25	10	25	0	0	0	15	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	20	10	10	15	0	10	45	10	35
Business, management and public administration	205	70	130	65	25	40	300	95	200
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	200	70	125	65	25	40	280	95	185
Physical and life sciences and technologies	70	35	40	0	0	0	50	30	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	10	0	0	0	25	10	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	20	20	0	0	0	15	15	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	55	40	15	0	0	0	55	30	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	55	40	15	0	0	0	55	30	25
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	205	185	25	30	30	0	440	370	65
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
14. Engineering	110	95	25	15	15	0	170	140	35
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	55	55	0	0	0	0	95	75	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	10	10	0	70	70	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	20	0	0	0	0	65	65	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	0	0	0	30	0	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	10	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Health and related fields	240	80	160	15	0	10	200	45	155
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	230	75	160	10	0	0	180	30	155
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	65	40	25	0	0	0	80	35	45
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	35	15	15	0	0	0	40	10	35
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	25	20	10	0	0	0	15	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,025	1,005	1,020	205	100	105	1,915	935	975
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	830	435	390	40	10	25	485	245	240
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,195	570	625	165	90	75	1,430	695	735
Location of study inside Canada	485	260	230	125	60	60	940	460	480
Same as province or territory of residence	350	200	150	95	55	40	700	335	365
Different than province or territory of residence	140	60	75	30	10	20	240	125	115
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	710	310	395	40	25	15	485	230	250
Americas	15	0	15	15	0	10	35	15	20
United States of America	10	0	10	10	0	0	20	10	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	35	30	0	15	15	0	85	45	40
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	640	265	385	10	10	0	320	150	170
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	10	10	0	25	10	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	110	40	70	0	0	0	175	90	85
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	390	160	225	0	0	0	60	30	35
Pakistan	130	50	80	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	2,890	1,470	1,420	405	200	205	2,545	1,220	1,330
In the labour force	1,955	1,065	885	225	125	105	1,815	955	865
Employed	1,745	980	770	195	110	85	1,665	880	790
Unemployed	205	90	120	30	15	15	150	75	75
Not in the labour force	935	400	535	175	75	100	730	260	470
Participation rate	67.6	72.4	62.3	55.6	62.5	51.2	71.3	78.3	65.0
Employment rate	60.4	66.7	54.2	48.1	55.0	41.5	65.4	72.1	59.4
Unemployment rate	10.5	8.5	13.6	13.3	12.0	14.3	8.3	7.9	8.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	2,890	1,470	1,425	405	200	205	2,550	1,220	1,330
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,035	445	595	190	80	110	740	275	460
Worked	1,855	1,025	830	210	115	95	1,810	940	870
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	760	490	275	90	60	25	1,065	575	490
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,090	540	555	120	60	65	745	370	380
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.0	39.7	36.0	40.6	44.4	36.0	42.1	42.6	41.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,955	1,070	890	230	125	105	1,815	955	860
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	45	30	10	10	0	0	30	15	15
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,910	1,035	875	220	125	95	1,785	940	845
Employee	1,570	750	825	165	80	80	1,500	750	745
Permanent position	1,305	625	685	105	60	45	1,360	700	660
Temporary position	270	125	140	55	25	35	135	50	85
Fixed term (1 year or more)	105	60	40	10	0	10	40	10	30
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	170	70	95	40	15	25	95	40	55
Self-employed¹⁹²	335	285	50	60	40	15	285	185	100
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,955	1,070	890	230	125	105	1,815	955	860
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	45	30	10	10	0	0	30	15	15
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,910	1,035	875	220	125	95	1,785	940	845
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	10	10	0	15	15	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	275	70	200	60	15	45	440	125	315
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	130	110	15	30	30	0	215	155	60
3 Health occupations	165	25	145	15	0	15	145	20	125
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	100	30	70	40	20	25	150	25	120
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	10	0	10	10	0	30	20	15
6 Sales and service occupations	535	250	285	45	25	20	410	220	190
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	555	480	75	15	15	0	320	300	25
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	25	15	10	0	0	0	10	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	125	50	75	0	0	0	55	55	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,955	1,070	890	230	125	105	1,815	955	860
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	45	30	10	10	0	0	30	15	15
All industries¹⁹¹	1,910	1,035	875	220	125	95	1,785	940	845
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	10	0	30	15	10	85	45	40
22 Utilities	10	10	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
23 Construction	130	100	30	10	10	0	205	165	40
31-33 Manufacturing	125	70	60	0	0	0	130	95	30
41 Wholesale trade	50	35	10	25	25	0	70	30	45
44-45 Retail trade	250	90	165	10	0	0	185	110	75
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	390	320	75	15	15	0	90	70	20
51 Information and cultural industries	10	10	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
52 Finance and insurance	65	10	60	0	0	0	65	30	40
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	45	40	0	0	0	0	25	25	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	120	75	45	35	20	15	230	130	95
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	155	105	50	0	0	0	50	15	30
61 Educational services	55	35	20	25	15	15	85	25	60
62 Health care and social assistance	210	20	190	25	10	20	240	40	200
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	0	10	0	0	20	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	155	65	90	0	0	0	90	45	45
81 Other services (except public administration)	70	30	40	20	10	15	75	40	30
91 Public administration	35	10	25	0	0	0	90	40	50
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,120	1,155	965	245	130	110	1,930	990	940
English	1,770	960	810	230	130	105	1,865	960	910
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	70	45	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	70	45	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	250	140	115	10	0	0	45	30	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,120	1,155	965	245	130	110	1,930	990	940
Single responses	2,035	1,115	915	245	130	110	1,920	985	935
Official languages	1,925	1,040	880	235	130	110	1,920	985	935
English	1,925	1,040	880	235	130	110	1,920	985	935
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	105	75	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	105	75	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	100	70	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	100	70	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	100	70	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	90	65	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80	35	45	0	0	0	10	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	80	35	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,120	1,155	965	245	130	110	1,930	990	940
None	1,915	1,040	875	230	130	105	1,875	965	910
English	35	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-official language	130	70	60	0	0	0	25	10	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	130	70	60	0	0	0	25	10	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,745	980	770	195	110	85	1,665	880	790
Worked at home	165	70	100	60	45	20	505	225	285
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	420	335	90	25	20	10	235	185	50
Usual place of work	1,155	565	590	110	50	65	925	470	460
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,155	565	590	110	50	60	925	470	460
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,005	490	515	110	50	60	825	420	405
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	130	70	65	0	0	0	85	35	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,575	900	675	135	70	70	1,160	655	505
Car, truck or van	1,365	815	550	115	55	60	1,055	620	440
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,215	790	430	110	55	55	980	590	385
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	150	30	120	0	0	0	80	30	60
Public transit	165	65	100	0	0	0	50	15	30
Walked	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	35	15	25	10	10	0	20	0	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,575	900	675	135	70	70	1,160	655	505
Less than 15 minutes	205	100	100	35	15	20	240	105	130
15 to 29 minutes	780	475	310	55	35	25	510	295	215
30 to 44 minutes	395	225	170	35	15	20	280	175	100
45 to 59 minutes	85	50	35	10	0	10	60	30	25
60 minutes and over	105	55	55	0	0	0	70	40	35
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,575	900	675	135	70	70	1,160	655	505
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	50	30	15	10	0	0	80	65	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	270	150	125	15	10	0	235	165	65
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	280	180	95	30	10	20	365	205	165
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	280	165	110	35	30	10	165	75	90
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	290	130	155	20	10	15	150	70	80
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	410	245	165	20	10	15	160	75	90
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,040	515	520	55	30	25	1,050	545	500
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35	20	15	5	5	0	55	20	30
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,005	495	500	45	25	20	995	525	470
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	795	395	400	45	20	20	790	420	375
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35	20	15	0	0	0	40	15	25
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	15	10	0	0	0	25	10	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	5	5	0	0	0	15	5	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	760	375	380	35	20	20	750	405	350

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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