Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062521More information: Alberta [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	7,414	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,401	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,267	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	8,811.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.84	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	7,415	3,645	3,765
0 to 14 years	1,765	890	870
0 to 4 years	700	360	345
5 to 9 years	590	285	305
10 to 14 years	465	245	220
15 to 64 years	5,125	2,535	2,590
15 to 19 years	390	200	185
20 to 24 years	455	215	240
25 to 29 years	620	305	315
30 to 34 years	875	415	460
35 to 39 years	805	395	410
40 to 44 years	655	320	335
45 to 49 years	490	255	230
50 to 54 years	345	185	165
55 to 59 years	270	135	140
60 to 64 years	220	110	110
65 years and over	530	225	300
65 to 69 years	170	60	110
70 to 74 years	160	80	80
75 to 79 years	85	40	45
80 to 84 years	60	25	35
85 years and over	50	15	30
85 to 89 years	25	5	20
90 to 94 years	20	5	10
95 to 99 years	5	0	5
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	23.8	24.4	23.1
15 to 64 years	69.1	69.5	68.8
65 years and over	7.1	6.2	8.0
85 years and over	0.7	0.4	0.8
Average age of the population	32.7	32.2	33.1
Median age of the population	32.8	32.4	33.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,265	...	...
Single-detached house	1,070	...	...
Semi-detached house	65	...	...
Row house	90	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	60	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	975	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	15	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,270	...	...
1 person	380	...	...
2 persons	550	...	...
3 persons	405	...	...
4 persons	475	...	...
5 or more persons	465	...	...
Number of persons in private households	7,355	3,625	3,735
Average household size	3.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	5,655	2,760	2,895
Married or living common-law	3,615	1,805	1,805
Married	3,285	1,640	1,640
Living common-law	335	170	165
Living common law - Never married	280	145	135
Living common law - Separated	10	5	10
Living common law - Divorced	40	20	25
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	2,040	950	1,085
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,535	810	720
Not married and not living common law - Separated	110	40	70
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	200	65	135
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	200	40	160
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,985	...	...
2 persons	695	...	...
3 persons	485	...	...
4 persons	555	...	...
5 or more persons	245	...	...
Average size of census families	3.2	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,990	...	...
Total couple families	1,725	...	...
Married couples	1,560	...	...
With children⁶	1,150	...	...
Without children	415	...	...
Common-law couples	165	...	...
With children⁶	60	...	...
Without children	110	...	...
Total one-parent families	255	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	210	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	55	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	7,355	3,625	3,735
Total - Persons in census families	6,390	3,175	3,215
Married spouses or common-law partners	3,455	1,725	1,730
Parents in one-parent families	260	50	205
Children⁶	2,675	1,390	1,280
In a two-parent family	2,295	1,195	1,100
In a one-parent family	380	200	180
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	970	450	515
Living alone	375	190	185
Living with other relatives⁷	325	130	200
Living with non-relatives only	270	135	135
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,270	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,360	...	...
Couple-family households	1,200	...	...
With children⁶	860	...	...
Without children	340	...	...
One-parent-family households	160	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	235	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	40	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	135	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	120	...	...
One-person households	375	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	5,595	2,735	2,865
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,305	2,600	2,700
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	46,400	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,305	2,600	2,700
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	41,200	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,660	2,390	2,270
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	44,000	29,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,330	2,210	2,120
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	44,000	31,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,790	2,290	2,505
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,600	4,280	9,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	805	340	470
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,800	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,205	1,070	1,135
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	5,750	2,810	2,935
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,445	2,675	2,775
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,080	53,800	38,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,445	2,675	2,775
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,040	45,880	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,770	2,455	2,320
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,600	51,080	33,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,410	2,270	2,140
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,280	51,700	34,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,930	2,340	2,590
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,670	7,900	11,270
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	800	330	470
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,240	6,760	7,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,200	1,070	1,135
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,280	8,920	9,620
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	5,750	2,810	2,935
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,990	1,155	835
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	57,200	64,000	49,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	62,250	69,200	52,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,885	875	1,005
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,000	24,800	16,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,640	35,100	23,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	81.0	87.2	72.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	76.0	81.6	68.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	19.0	12.8	27.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.3	1.6	3.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	9.0	7.2	11.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	8.1	6.6	10.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	5,595	2,730	2,865
Without total income	295	135	165
With total income	5,300	2,600	2,705
Under $10,000 (including loss)	545	225	320
$10,000 to $19,999	500	205	300
$20,000 to $29,999	815	365	445
$30,000 to $39,999	755	320	440
$40,000 to $49,999	675	305	365
$50,000 to $59,999	585	300	290
$60,000 to $69,999	405	225	175
$70,000 to $79,999	345	200	150
$80,000 to $89,999	225	140	85
$90,000 to $99,999	135	85	50
$100,000 and over	315	235	80
$100,000 to $149,999	270	190	75
$150,000 and over	50	45	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	5,595	2,730	2,865
Without after-tax income	295	135	165
With after-tax income	5,300	2,600	2,705
Under $10,000 (including loss)	550	225	325
$10,000 to $19,999	520	215	305
$20,000 to $29,999	965	430	535
$30,000 to $39,999	880	385	500
$40,000 to $49,999	820	410	410
$50,000 to $59,999	575	320	260
$60,000 to $69,999	425	240	190
$70,000 to $79,999	230	150	80
$80,000 to $89,999	150	95	55
$90,000 to $99,999	80	55	25
$100,000 and over	105	90	20
$100,000 to $124,999	75	55	15
$125,000 and over	35	30	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	5,595	2,730	2,865
Without employment income	1,265	520	745
With employment income	4,335	2,210	2,120
Under $5,000 (including loss)	425	190	230
$5,000 to $9,999	385	140	250
$10,000 to $19,999	585	260	325
$20,000 to $29,999	435	200	235
$30,000 to $39,999	450	220	235
$40,000 to $49,999	480	245	230
$50,000 to $59,999	385	205	180
$60,000 to $69,999	340	195	150
$70,000 to $79,999	280	160	120
$80,000 to $89,999	175	115	60
$90,000 to $99,999	125	80	40
$100,000 and over	265	200	70
$100,000 to $124,999	165	115	55
$125,000 and over	95	85	10
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	5,595	2,735	2,865
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,110	2,495	2,615
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	45,600	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,105	2,495	2,615
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	40,800	31,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,565	2,340	2,230
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	46,800	32,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,275	2,195	2,080
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	46,400	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,530	2,160	2,365
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,050	900	3,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	480	195	295
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,100	5,280	8,900
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	5,750	2,810	2,935
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,250	2,580	2,670
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,520	51,500	35,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,250	2,580	2,670
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	43,560	31,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,685	2,420	2,265
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,880	51,950	35,280
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,340	2,270	2,070
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,960	52,500	36,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,725	2,250	2,475
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,860	3,216	6,355
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	520	200	320
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,280	7,650	10,300
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	5,750	2,810	2,935
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,955	1,145	810
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	57,200	62,800	45,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,000	66,000	49,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,745	825	920
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,200	33,600	24,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,000	40,800	29,850
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.0	94.6	83.6
Employment income (%)	85.4	89.8	79.4
Government transfers (%)	10.1	5.5	16.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.1	1.2	3.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,270	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	375	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,890	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,325	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	107,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	93,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	400	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,925	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	118,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,270	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	45	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	60	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	60	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	140	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	175	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	175	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	205	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	175	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,090	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	375	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	250	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	295	...	...
$200,000 and over	170	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,270	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	60	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	60	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	75	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	200	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	205	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	225	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	210	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	195	...	...
$100,000 and over	850	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	345	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	220	...	...
$150,000 and over	285	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,825	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	365	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,185	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	210	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	645	320	325
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,000	54,400	46,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,600	46,000	40,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,810	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	118,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	380	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,140	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	215	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	705	360	345
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,600	58,000	44,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,100	48,600	39,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	7,355	3,625	3,730
0 to 17 years	1,990	1,005	985
0 to 5 years	825	420	405
18 to 64 years	4,890	2,415	2,475
65 years and over	475	200	275
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	485	225	260
0 to 17 years	165	85	80
0 to 5 years	85	50	40
18 to 64 years	270	130	140
65 years and over	50	10	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.6	6.3	6.9
0 to 17 years (%)	8.3	8.4	8.2
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	11.2	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.6	5.4	5.7
65 years and over (%)	10.0	6.0	13.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	7,355	3,620	3,735
0 to 17 years	1,990	1,010	980
0 to 5 years	830	425	405
18 to 64 years	4,895	2,415	2,480
65 years and over	475	200	270
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	280	140	140
0 to 17 years	80	40	45
0 to 5 years	35	15	15
18 to 64 years	190	95	90
65 years and over	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.8	3.9	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	4.0	3.8	4.2
0 to 5 years (%)	4.4	4.5	4.5
18 to 64 years (%)	3.8	4.1	3.6
65 years and over (%)	2.8	2.5	3.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	7,355	3,625	3,730
In bottom half of the distribution	3,860	1,875	1,985
In bottom decile	440	215	225
In second decile	620	280	340
In third decile	745	365	380
In fourth decile	1,030	495	535
In fifth decile	1,020	515	505
In top half of the distribution	3,495	1,750	1,750
In sixth decile	1,000	510	490
In seventh decile	885	435	450
In eighth decile	800	400	400
In ninth decile	560	275	285
In top decile	255	125	125
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	7,355	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.238	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.337	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.215	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.7	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	7,355	3,620	3,735
English only	6,650	3,320	3,330
French only	5	0	5
English and French	300	135	165
Neither English nor French	400	165	230
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	7,355	3,620	3,735
English	6,825	3,395	3,435
French	100	50	55
English and French	45	25	20
Neither English nor French	380	160	225
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	7,355	3,620	3,735
Single responses	6,605	3,260	3,345
Official languages	2,720	1,365	1,355
English	2,635	1,325	1,305
French	85	35	45
Non-official languages	3,890	1,895	1,990
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,890	1,895	1,990
Afro-Asiatic languages	125	70	55
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	10	5	5
Somali	5	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	110	60	50
Amharic	30	15	15
Arabic	65	40	30
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	10	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	80	35	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0
Vietnamese	75	35	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	525	230	295
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	10	5	5
Cebuano	20	15	10
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	5	10
Ilocano	30	15	20
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	430	185	240
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5
Creole languages	0	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	145	70	75
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	85	45	45
Tamil	40	25	20
Telugu	10	5	5
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,805	1,395	1,405
Albanian	5	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	15	15
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	5
Russian	10	5	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	5
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	5
German	5	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	2,540	1,265	1,275
Indo-Aryan languages	2,395	1,190	1,205
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	65	30	35
Gujarati	150	65	80
Hindi	170	90	80
Kacchi	30	15	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5
Nepali	15	5	10
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,535	765	770
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0
Urdu	395	200	195
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10
Iranian languages	145	75	70
Baluchi	5	5	5
Kurdish	15	5	5
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	35	20	15
Persian languages	90	45	45
Dari	70	40	35
Iranian Persian	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	5	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	210	110	100
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0
Portuguese	5	0	0
Romanian	0	5	5
Spanish	200	105	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5
Korean	10	5	10
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	105	50	60
Akan (Twi)	20	5	15
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	5	5	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	5
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	25	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	25	40
Chinese languages	65	25	35
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	20	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0
Lao	5	5	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	750	365	385
English and French	20	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	645	310	340
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	65	35	35
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	7,355	3,620	3,735
English	2,575	1,305	1,270
French	30	10	15
Non-official language	1,480	720	755
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	1,475	720	755
English and French	55	20	40
English and non-official language(s)	2,995	1,455	1,535
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	35	20
Multiple non-official languages	165	75	90
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	7,355	3,620	3,735
Single responses	6,555	3,235	3,320
Official languages	3,550	1,765	1,785
English	3,510	1,750	1,760
French	45	15	30
Non-official languages	3,000	1,470	1,535
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,000	1,470	1,530
Afro-Asiatic languages	90	40	50
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	5
Somali	5	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	80	35	40
Amharic	20	10	15
Arabic	45	25	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	20	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0
Vietnamese	50	20	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	345	160	180
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	5
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	0
Ilocano	30	15	10
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	285	135	155
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	5	0	5
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	115	55	60
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	65	30	35
Tamil	40	20	15
Telugu	10	0	5
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,290	1,140	1,145
Albanian	5	0	5
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	10	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,130	1,075	1,060
Indo-Aryan languages	2,030	1,020	1,010
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	45	20	20
Gujarati	120	55	65
Hindi	130	70	60
Kacchi	30	10	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	5
Nepali	10	0	5
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,385	695	690
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	310	165	145
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0
Iranian languages	105	55	50
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	25	15	15
Persian languages	65	30	30
Dari	55	30	30
Iranian Persian	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	5	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	130	55	70
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	125	55	70
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5
Korean	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	40	15	30
Akan (Twi)	10	0	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	5	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	15
Chinese languages	35	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	800	385	415
English and French	15	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	745	355	390
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	7,355	3,625	3,735
None	4,700	2,330	2,375
English	1,095	535	560
French	45	20	30
Non-official language	1,035	485	550
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	1,035	485	550
English and French	10	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	295	155	145
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	150	90	65
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	7,415	3,615	3,800
Official languages	6,995	3,460	3,535
English	6,985	3,460	3,525
French	360	140	215
Non-official languages	5,235	2,550	2,685
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	5,235	2,550	2,685
Afro-Asiatic languages	175	100	75
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	0	15
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	20	0	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	165	100	65
Amharic	30	10	10
Arabic	125	75	45
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	140	65	70
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	130	65	65
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	725	320	405
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	50	25	25
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10
Ilocano	65	25	40
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	705	305	400
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10
Creole languages	35	20	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	190	65	115
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	110	45	65
Tamil	45	15	30
Telugu	35	20	20
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,585	1,795	1,790
Albanian	15	15	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	20	10	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	10
German	10	0	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	3,210	1,620	1,585
Indo-Aryan languages	3,035	1,535	1,500
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	110	50	50
Gujarati	235	110	120
Hindi	1,145	595	555
Kacchi	45	20	30
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	25	10	15
Nepali	30	20	15
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,120	1,060	1,060
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	545	280	265
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0
Iranian languages	190	100	95
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	45	25	25
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	60	40	20
Persian languages	70	25	45
Dari	60	20	35
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	335	155	180
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	325	145	175
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	310	140	170
Akan (Twi)	35	0	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	10	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	50	25	25
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	25	15	10
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	45	15	30
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	120	55	65
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	10	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10
American Sign Language	20	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	65	65
Chinese languages	115	60	60
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	20	15
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	110	50	55
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	7,415	3,615	3,800
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	80	25	55
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	80	25	55
First Nations (North American Indian)	30	15	20
Métis	50	10	40
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	7,335	3,590	3,745
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	7,415	3,615	3,800
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	30	15	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	7,385	3,600	3,780
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,325	...	...
Owner	1,575	...	...
Renter	745	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,325	...	...
Condominium	1,200	...	...
Not condominium	1,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,325	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	165	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,055	...	...
3 bedrooms	490	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	610	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,325	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,205	...	...
5 rooms	310	...	...
6 rooms	230	...	...
7 rooms	250	...	...
8 or more rooms	335	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,325	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,065	...	...
More than one person per room	255	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,325	...	...
Suitable	2,030	...	...
Not suitable	290	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,325	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	40	...	...
2006 to 2010	620	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,100	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	545	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,325	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,205	...	...
Major repairs needed	120	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,325	...	...
One-maintainer household	930	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,145	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	250	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,325	...	...
15 to 24 years	45	...	...
25 to 34 years	605	...	...
35 to 44 years	775	...	...
45 to 54 years	455	...	...
55 to 64 years	280	...	...
65 to 74 years	90	...	...
75 to 84 years	45	...	...
85 years and over	25	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,315	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,635	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	680	...	...
30% to less than 100%	670	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,325	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	990	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	585	...	...
Not suitable only	220	...	...
Major repairs needed only	90	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	70	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,330	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,305	...	...
In core need	230	...	...
Not in core need	2,075	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,575	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	93.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	26.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,960	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,072	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	420,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	399,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	750	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	2.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	36.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,410	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,440	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	7,415	3,615	3,800
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	25	10	20
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	25	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	60	35	25
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	55	30	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	10	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	25	25
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	7,330	3,570	3,755
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	7,415	3,615	3,800
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	5,735	2,835	2,905
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,715	840	870
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,025	1,995	2,035
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,675	780	895
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	7,415	3,615	3,800
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	3,035	1,520	1,515
Immigrants⁸¹	4,205	1,995	2,210
Before 1980	160	75	80
1980 to 1990	180	80	105
1991 to 2000	580	290	290
2001 to 2010	1,410	640	775
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,875	910	965
2011 to 2015	975	480	495
2016 to 2021	900	430	470
Non-permanent residents⁸³	170	95	75
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	4,205	1,995	2,210
Under 5 years	345	170	170
5 to 14 years	635	325	315
15 to 24 years	765	330	430
25 to 44 years	1,985	960	1,025
45 years and over	485	210	275
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	4,205	1,995	2,210
Americas	345	155	195
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	100	50	45
El Salvador	60	30	30
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	40	15	30
Mexico	35	15	15
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	35	15	20
Other places of birth in Americas	70	30	40
Europe	55	25	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	10	15
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0
Africa	550	255	300
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	10	10
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	30	10	20
Morocco	10	0	10
Nigeria	240	110	135
Somalia	15	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	220	105	110
Asia	3,205	1,535	1,670
Afghanistan	85	40	40
Iran⁸⁸	20	10	10
Iraq	30	15	20
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	35	10	25
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	685	300	390
Viet Nam	100	30	65
Bangladesh	55	30	30
India	1,665	830	835
Pakistan	340	175	165
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	150	75	75
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	50	20	30
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	900	430	470
Americas	50	35	20
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	10	0
Mexico	10	0	0
United States of America	10	10	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	10	10	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	220	90	130
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10
Morocco	10	0	10
Nigeria	150	70	85
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	15	30
Asia	610	300	310
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	455	230	225
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	40	25	15
Philippines	65	25	35
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	7,415	3,615	3,800
First generation¹⁰⁰	4,420	2,110	2,320
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,990	1,010	975
Third generation or more¹⁰²	1,005	495	510
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	4,050	1,920	2,125
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	2,055	1,045	1,010
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	910	515	390
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	1,150	530	615
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	1,465	585	880
Refugees¹⁰⁸	505	275	235
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	20	15	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	4,050	1,920	2,125
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	115	90	25
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	320	105	215
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	50	30	15
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	280	200	80
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	3,280	1,485	1,790
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	7,415	3,615	3,800
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	6,155	3,015	3,140
South Asian	3,335	1,665	1,670
Chinese	170	85	80
Black	715	350	370
Filipino	890	365	525
Arab	150	90	60
Latin American	300	140	160
Southeast Asian	230	110	120
West Asian	165	90	80
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	75	40	30
Multiple visible minorities	125	70	50
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,260	605	655
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	7,415	3,615	3,800
Canadian	490	280	210
English	290	150	140
Irish	235	100	135
Scottish	205	70	130
French, n.o.s.¹²²	140	70	65
German	235	115	120
Chinese	285	140	140
Italian	90	40	50
Indian (India)	1,845	900	945
Ukrainian	100	55	45
Dutch	25	15	15
Polish	45	25	15
Québécois	15	0	15
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	75	45	30
Filipino	810	345	465
French Canadian	15	0	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	100	15	85
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	25	10	10
Métis	55	25	25
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	50	25	25
Russian	35	10	25
Norwegian	35	15	20
Welsh	25	10	10
Portuguese	25	10	10
American	30	20	10
Spanish	210	90	120
Swedish	10	0	10
Hungarian	85	65	25
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	400	210	185
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	120	60	55
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	525	260	265
Vietnamese	185	95	85
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	65	40	25
Greek	0	0	0
Jamaican	75	35	40
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	120	60	65
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	30	20	10
Danish	40	30	10
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	10	0	0
Sikh	460	250	205
Austrian	20	15	0
Belgian	0	0	0
Haitian	20	0	10
Hindu	90	45	45
Mexican	30	0	25
Mennonite	10	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	45	20	30
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	135	80	45
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	45	30	15
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	80	30	50
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	15	0	15
Afghan	130	70	60
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	15	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	0	15
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	35	20	15
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	20	15	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	60	30	30
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	135	60	70
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	25	0	20
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	40	25	20
Salvadorean	30	10	20
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	40	10	25
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	20	10	10
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	30	20	15
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	15	10	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	15	0	15
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	35	15	20
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	55	30	25
Cambodian (Khmer)	35	20	15
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	20	15	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	10	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	25	10	15
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	20	15	10
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	10
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	40	20	25
Cameroonian	20	10	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	25	15	10
Ilocano	15	0	10
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	35	20	15
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	20	0	10
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	35	25	15
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	45	25	30
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	40	20	20
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	25	10	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	25	10	10
Yemeni	20	0	15
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	7,415	3,615	3,800
Buddhist	95	50	45
Christian	2,445	1,070	1,375
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	670	310	365
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	55	20	40
Baptist	0	0	0
Catholic	1,230	530	700
Christian Orthodox	40	25	20
Jehovah's Witness	40	10	25
Latter Day Saints	55	20	40
Lutheran	10	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	245	105	145
Presbyterian	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	20	10	10
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	30	20	10
Hindu	545	250	295
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	1,255	665	590
Sikh	1,845	940	905
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	50	10	40
No religion and secular perspectives	1,190	635	555
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	7,295	3,555	3,735
Non-movers	6,260	3,070	3,190
Movers	1,035	485	545
Non-migrants	745	360	390
Migrants	285	130	155
Internal migrants	145	65	75
Intraprovincial migrants	70	25	45
Interprovincial migrants	75	45	35
External migrants	145	60	80
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	6,780	3,320	3,460
Non-movers	3,695	1,805	1,890
Movers	3,085	1,515	1,570
Non-migrants	1,875	910	965
Migrants	1,210	605	605
Internal migrants	550	275	280
Intraprovincial migrants	255	120	135
Interprovincial migrants	300	155	150
External migrants	655	335	320
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,750	2,810	2,935
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	940	445	490
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,805	2,370	2,445
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,355	2,210	2,145
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	440	240	205
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,915	1,975	1,945
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,745	2,815	2,930
No certificate, diploma or degree	885	405	480
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,445	680	765
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,420	1,730	1,690
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,410	775	635
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	310	240	70
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	145	105	45
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	165	140	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	880	410	470
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	225	120	100
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,015	955	1,055
Bachelor's degree	1,380	660	720
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	140	70	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	10	30
Master's degree	440	205	235
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	15	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,355	2,210	2,150
No certificate, diploma or degree	390	195	190
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	960	480	485
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,010	1,535	1,475
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,170	670	500
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	260	210	50
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	115	80	30
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	140	130	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	730	360	375
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	175	100	70
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,840	870	970
Bachelor's degree	1,250	600	650
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	120	60	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	15	25
Master's degree	415	185	230
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,745	2,815	2,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,325	1,080	1,240
Education	120	25	100
13. Education	120	25	100
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	80	40	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	70	30	40
Humanities	240	95	145
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	165	75	90
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	0	10
54. History	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	275	75	195
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	55	0	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	45	10	35
45. Social sciences	125	60	70
Business, management and public administration	825	385	440
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	10	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	800	375	430
Physical and life sciences and technologies	215	95	120
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	90	30	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	25	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	50	35	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	250	160	90
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	225	140	80
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	765	650	110
04. Architecture and related services	30	25	0
14. Engineering	315	255	60
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	180	135	40
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	110	110	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	85	85	0
48. Precision production	45	40	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	40	25	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	30	20	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0
Health and related fields	505	125	380
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	10	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	475	115	360
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	115	65	50
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	75	35	45
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	25	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,355	2,210	2,145
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,350	670	675
Education	120	25	95
13. Education	120	25	95
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	30	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	65	30	35
Humanities	180	70	115
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	135	60	75
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	15	10	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	225	60	165
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	50	0	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	45	0	40
45. Social sciences	105	50	50
Business, management and public administration	735	340	390
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	10	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	710	335	375
Physical and life sciences and technologies	170	70	95
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	25	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55	15	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	40	25	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	235	150	90
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	210	135	80
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	675	585	90
04. Architecture and related services	25	20	0
14. Engineering	280	225	55
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	145	115	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	105	105	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	75	75	0
48. Precision production	40	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	30	20	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	30	20	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	475	120	355
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	10	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	450	115	340
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	95	65	35
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	55	25	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	25	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,355	2,210	2,145
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,350	670	675
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,010	1,540	1,470
Location of study inside Canada	1,410	760	650
Same as province or territory of residence	1,075	590	485
Different than province or territory of residence	340	170	165
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,600	780	825
Americas	110	45	70
United States of America	35	15	20
Mexico	10	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	15	10	10
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	25	15	10
Europe	75	50	25
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	55	40	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	125	55	75
Nigeria	65	40	30
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	55	15	35
Asia	1,260	610	645
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	340	165	175
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	0	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	715	350	360
Pakistan	115	60	55
Other locations of study in Asia	45	20	20
Oceania	30	20	10
Australia	15	10	0
New Zealand	10	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	5,745	2,815	2,930
In the labour force	4,395	2,300	2,095
Employed	3,870	2,065	1,795
Unemployed	525	225	300
Not in the labour force	1,355	515	835
Participation rate	76.5	81.7	71.5
Employment rate	67.4	73.4	61.3
Unemployment rate	11.9	9.8	14.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	5,745	2,815	2,935
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,690	660	1,030
Worked	4,055	2,150	1,905
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,030	1,190	840
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,025	955	1,065
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.3	41.0	37.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,395	2,300	2,095
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	50	80
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,255	2,245	2,010
Employee	3,665	1,840	1,825
Permanent position	3,085	1,595	1,485
Temporary position	580	240	340
Fixed term (1 year or more)	230	110	120
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	350	130	225
Self-employed¹⁹²	590	405	180
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,395	2,300	2,095
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	50	80
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,255	2,245	2,010
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	640	165	470
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	355	270	85
3 Health occupations	340	110	230
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	325	105	225
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	55	35	25
6 Sales and service occupations	1,245	485	755
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,050	915	135
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	35	20	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	195	120	70
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,395	2,300	2,095
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	50	80
All industries¹⁹¹	4,255	2,245	2,010
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	15	0	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	75	60	25
22 Utilities	30	20	10
23 Construction	300	240	60
31-33 Manufacturing	200	150	50
41 Wholesale trade	150	65	80
44-45 Retail trade	640	285	350
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	665	525	135
51 Information and cultural industries	110	60	50
52 Finance and insurance	135	50	85
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	40	20	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	260	140	120
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	250	130	120
61 Educational services	155	80	80
62 Health care and social assistance	540	145	395
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	40	20	25
72 Accommodation and food services	300	110	190
81 Other services (except public administration)	180	65	115
91 Public administration	145	75	70
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,530	2,375	2,155
English	4,095	2,175	1,925
French	10	0	10
Non-official language	75	40	35
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	75	40	35
English and French	25	0	25
English and non-official language(s)	320	155	165
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,530	2,375	2,155
Single responses	4,435	2,335	2,100
Official languages	4,300	2,280	2,025
English	4,290	2,275	2,015
French	10	0	10
Non-official languages	135	60	75
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	135	60	75
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	120	50	65
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	105	50	50
Indo-Aryan languages	105	50	50
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	105	50	50
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	0	15
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	15	0	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	90	40	55
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	85	40	45
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,530	2,375	2,155
None	4,265	2,250	2,015
English	50	15	35
French	15	0	15
Non-official language	110	55	55
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	110	55	55
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	80	50	35
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,865	2,070	1,800
Worked at home	680	330	350
Worked outside Canada	25	20	10
No fixed workplace address	760	555	205
Usual place of work	2,400	1,165	1,235
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,400	1,165	1,235
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,025	980	1,050
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	315	150	170
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	35	30	10
Commute to a different province or territory	20	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,160	1,725	1,435
Car, truck or van	2,820	1,610	1,205
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,595	1,565	1,035
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	215	50	170
Public transit	260	65	195
Walked	25	0	20
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	65	40	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,160	1,725	1,435
Less than 15 minutes	500	260	240
15 to 29 minutes	1,435	805	635
30 to 44 minutes	830	460	370
45 to 59 minutes	190	95	95
60 minutes and over	205	105	100
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,160	1,725	1,435
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	235	135	100
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	520	335	185
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	725	405	320
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	550	245	300
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	415	185	235
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	715	420	300
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,010	1,020	990
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	80	40	40
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,935	980	960
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,275	645	630
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	55	30	25
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	15	15
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	15	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,215	615	605

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...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 1, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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