Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062520More information: Alberta [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	6,647	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,700	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,501	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	8,545.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.78	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	6,645	3,315	3,330
0 to 14 years	1,520	790	730
0 to 4 years	680	345	335
5 to 9 years	520	275	240
10 to 14 years	325	170	150
15 to 64 years	4,845	2,395	2,450
15 to 19 years	285	140	140
20 to 24 years	460	210	245
25 to 29 years	730	340	395
30 to 34 years	1,045	515	525
35 to 39 years	805	405	395
40 to 44 years	540	285	255
45 to 49 years	345	190	155
50 to 54 years	225	125	100
55 to 59 years	220	95	130
60 to 64 years	185	80	105
65 years and over	280	130	145
65 to 69 years	130	60	65
70 to 74 years	75	30	40
75 to 79 years	45	25	20
80 to 84 years	25	10	15
85 years and over	10	5	5
85 to 89 years	5	0	5
90 to 94 years	0	5	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	22.9	23.8	21.9
15 to 64 years	72.9	72.2	73.6
65 years and over	4.2	3.9	4.4
85 years and over	0.2	0.2	0.2
Average age of the population	30.8	30.5	31.1
Median age of the population	31.6	31.6	31.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,500	...	...
Single-detached house	485	...	...
Semi-detached house	165	...	...
Row house	295	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	30	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,530	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,500	...	...
1 person	595	...	...
2 persons	780	...	...
3 persons	465	...	...
4 persons	375	...	...
5 or more persons	285	...	...
Number of persons in private households	6,645	3,320	3,325
Average household size	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	5,120	2,525	2,595
Married or living common-law	3,155	1,580	1,570
Married	2,695	1,355	1,340
Living common-law	455	225	230
Living common law - Never married	380	185	200
Living common law - Separated	20	10	5
Living common law - Divorced	55	30	25
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	1,970	945	1,025
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,475	770	705
Not married and not living common law - Separated	150	60	85
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	255	105	155
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	90	15	80
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,830	...	...
2 persons	785	...	...
3 persons	505	...	...
4 persons	385	...	...
5 or more persons	155	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,830	...	...
Total couple families	1,505	...	...
Married couples	1,280	...	...
With children⁶	870	...	...
Without children	410	...	...
Common-law couples	225	...	...
With children⁶	65	...	...
Without children	165	...	...
Total one-parent families	330	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	265	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	60	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	6,645	3,315	3,325
Total - Persons in census families	5,455	2,675	2,775
Married spouses or common-law partners	3,010	1,505	1,500
Parents in one-parent families	325	60	265
Children⁶	2,120	1,110	1,005
In a two-parent family	1,645	870	775
In a one-parent family	475	240	235
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,195	640	550
Living alone	590	330	265
Living with other relatives⁷	280	120	160
Living with non-relatives only	315	190	125
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,500	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,480	...	...
Couple-family households	1,230	...	...
With children⁶	760	...	...
Without children	475	...	...
One-parent-family households	245	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	110	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	125	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	165	...	...
One-person households	590	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	5,120	2,525	2,595
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,870	2,410	2,460
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	47,200	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,870	2,410	2,460
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	42,000	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,420	2,275	2,145
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	44,000	29,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,175	2,155	2,015
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	44,000	30,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,450	2,165	2,290
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,100	4,000	9,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	890	390	500
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,640	6,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,100	1,005	1,095
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,500	9,000	9,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	5,075	2,535	2,535
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,850	2,415	2,440
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,720	51,350	42,120
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,850	2,415	2,440
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,680	44,000	37,440
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,410	2,305	2,105
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,720	46,600	36,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,160	2,165	1,985
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,320	45,640	36,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,425	2,170	2,255
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,630	7,590	11,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	905	405	500
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,120	6,220	7,840
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,145	1,030	1,115
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,290	8,980	9,560
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	5,075	2,535	2,535
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,880	1,005	875
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,800	58,000	50,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,000	60,300	53,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,815	940	875
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,400	28,600	20,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,320	33,700	24,560
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	81.2	86.6	74.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	75.8	80.0	70.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	18.8	13.3	25.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.8	2.0	3.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	9.6	8.0	11.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	8.8	7.5	10.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	5,120	2,530	2,595
Without total income	250	115	135
With total income	4,870	2,410	2,455
Under $10,000 (including loss)	355	130	220
$10,000 to $19,999	425	170	260
$20,000 to $29,999	695	305	395
$30,000 to $39,999	795	350	445
$40,000 to $49,999	680	330	350
$50,000 to $59,999	545	275	270
$60,000 to $69,999	460	260	205
$70,000 to $79,999	315	200	110
$80,000 to $89,999	215	135	80
$90,000 to $99,999	145	100	50
$100,000 and over	235	170	65
$100,000 to $149,999	210	145	65
$150,000 and over	20	25	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	5,120	2,530	2,595
Without after-tax income	250	115	135
With after-tax income	4,870	2,410	2,455
Under $10,000 (including loss)	355	130	220
$10,000 to $19,999	445	175	270
$20,000 to $29,999	840	375	465
$30,000 to $39,999	955	440	515
$40,000 to $49,999	775	385	390
$50,000 to $59,999	625	350	275
$60,000 to $69,999	380	225	155
$70,000 to $79,999	230	145	80
$80,000 to $89,999	130	85	50
$90,000 to $99,999	60	40	25
$100,000 and over	75	55	15
$100,000 to $124,999	65	45	20
$125,000 and over	15	10	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	5,120	2,530	2,595
Without employment income	950	370	580
With employment income	4,175	2,160	2,020
Under $5,000 (including loss)	360	150	205
$5,000 to $9,999	350	125	220
$10,000 to $19,999	510	225	285
$20,000 to $29,999	505	225	275
$30,000 to $39,999	480	245	230
$40,000 to $49,999	455	225	230
$50,000 to $59,999	440	240	205
$60,000 to $69,999	335	200	135
$70,000 to $79,999	250	160	85
$80,000 to $89,999	190	135	55
$90,000 to $99,999	120	80	40
$100,000 and over	185	140	50
$100,000 to $124,999	125	90	35
$125,000 and over	65	50	20
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	5,120	2,525	2,595
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,740	2,345	2,395
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	46,400	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,740	2,340	2,395
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	40,800	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,290	2,200	2,095
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	46,400	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,075	2,100	1,980
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	46,000	33,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,230	2,040	2,190
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,040	900	2,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	505	210	295
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,550	6,160	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	5,075	2,535	2,535
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,665	2,320	2,345
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,440	45,720	37,240
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,665	2,320	2,345
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,320	39,360	33,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,235	2,165	2,065
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,400	46,400	36,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,000	2,055	1,945
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,920	46,480	37,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,165	2,065	2,105
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,340	2,664	5,985
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	495	215	280
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,720	7,550	9,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	5,075	2,535	2,535
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,830	970	860
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,000	54,000	48,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	53,200	57,300	48,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,630	850	785
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,800	34,000	27,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,120	38,400	29,500
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.6	94.8	85.6
Employment income (%)	86.8	90.0	82.8
Government transfers (%)	9.4	5.2	14.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	1.5	3.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,500	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	590	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,905	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,505	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	90,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	78,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	640	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	59,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,865	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	101,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,500	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	45	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	50	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	55	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	80	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	90	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	190	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	245	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	255	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	210	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	220	...	...
$100,000 and over	905	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	390	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	245	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	195	...	...
$200,000 and over	80	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,500	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	70	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	55	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	110	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	100	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	115	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	275	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	320	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	265	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	245	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	195	...	...
$100,000 and over	640	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	340	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	170	...	...
$150,000 and over	130	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,800	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	490	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	925	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	295	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	910	515	395
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,600	54,400	45,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,200	46,800	40,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,775	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	520	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	895	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	97,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	290	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	930	530	395
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	53,400	55,000	51,200
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,300	46,600	43,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	6,645	3,320	3,330
0 to 17 years	1,690	875	815
0 to 5 years	810	415	395
18 to 64 years	4,675	2,315	2,360
65 years and over	280	130	150
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	585	280	305
0 to 17 years	200	105	90
0 to 5 years	100	50	50
18 to 64 years	360	160	195
65 years and over	30	15	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.8	8.4	9.2
0 to 17 years (%)	11.9	12.4	11.4
0 to 5 years (%)	12.6	12.8	12.4
18 to 64 years (%)	7.6	6.8	8.4
65 years and over (%)	10.0	10.0	10.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	6,645	3,315	3,325
0 to 17 years	1,695	875	815
0 to 5 years	810	415	400
18 to 64 years	4,675	2,310	2,365
65 years and over	280	130	145
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	325	160	160
0 to 17 years	85	45	45
0 to 5 years	45	25	25
18 to 64 years	225	110	115
65 years and over	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.9	4.9	4.8
0 to 17 years (%)	5.1	5.2	5.0
0 to 5 years (%)	5.8	5.6	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.9	4.9	4.9
65 years and over (%)	3.0	3.0	3.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	6,645	3,320	3,330
In bottom half of the distribution	3,995	1,960	2,035
In bottom decile	520	260	265
In second decile	680	335	350
In third decile	870	425	445
In fourth decile	965	455	510
In fifth decile	950	480	470
In top half of the distribution	2,655	1,360	1,295
In sixth decile	810	405	410
In seventh decile	785	395	390
In eighth decile	510	275	230
In ninth decile	395	200	195
In top decile	150	80	65
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	6,645	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.246	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.350	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.222	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	6,650	3,320	3,330
English only	6,070	3,055	3,015
French only	5	5	5
English and French	325	160	160
Neither English nor French	240	90	145
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	6,650	3,320	3,330
English	6,265	3,150	3,120
French	105	60	45
English and French	45	25	20
Neither English nor French	230	90	145
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	6,650	3,320	3,330
Single responses	5,900	2,950	2,950
Official languages	2,890	1,440	1,445
English	2,800	1,395	1,405
French	90	45	40
Non-official languages	3,015	1,505	1,505
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,010	1,500	1,505
Afro-Asiatic languages	165	80	80
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	5	5	5
Hausa	5	5	5
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	45	25	25
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	25	15	10
Somali	20	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	115	60	55
Amharic	40	15	20
Arabic	75	40	35
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	605	275	330
Bikol	10	0	5
Bisaya, n.o.s.	20	5	10
Cebuano	30	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	15
Indonesian	5	5	5
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0
Pangasinan	5	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	495	225	270
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	5	5	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	110	55	55
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	50	25	30
Tamil	40	20	20
Telugu	15	10	5
Tulu	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,845	955	890
Albanian	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	20	20
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5
Russian	10	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0
Bosnian	5	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	5	5	0
German	5	5	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,550	795	755
Indo-Aryan languages	1,420	730	690
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	65	30	35
Gujarati	200	105	95
Hindi	115	60	55
Kacchi	5	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	5
Nepali	35	15	20
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	750	395	350
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	5
Urdu	225	110	110
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	125	65	60
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	0	5
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	15	15	5
Persian languages	100	50	50
Dari	90	40	50
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	5	10
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	245	135	115
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	5
Romanian	20	5	10
Spanish	205	110	95
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	15
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	105	50	55
Akan (Twi)	15	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	5	0	5
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5
Shona	5	5	5
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	10
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	30	15	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	0
Dinka	5	5	5
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	45	55
Chinese languages	100	45	55
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	20	20
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	60	25	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	750	370	375
English and French	25	10	15
English and non-official language(s)	640	310	330
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5
Multiple non-official languages	55	30	20
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	6,650	3,320	3,330
English	2,850	1,430	1,420
French	30	15	15
Non-official language	965	465	500
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	965	465	500
English and French	55	20	40
English and non-official language(s)	2,590	1,300	1,285
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	20	20
Multiple non-official languages	110	55	55
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	6,650	3,320	3,330
Single responses	5,890	2,955	2,935
Official languages	3,710	1,855	1,850
English	3,670	1,835	1,840
French	40	20	15
Non-official languages	2,180	1,095	1,085
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,185	1,095	1,085
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	55	55
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	10	5	5
Hausa	10	5	5
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	35	20	15
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	25	10	10
Somali	10	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	75	35	40
Amharic	20	10	10
Arabic	50	25	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	415	205	210
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	5	5
Cebuano	20	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	0
Ilocano	15	10	5
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	350	170	175
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	85	40	45
Kannada	5	0	5
Malayalam	45	20	25
Tamil	25	15	15
Telugu	5	5	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,405	715	690
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,240	635	605
Indo-Aryan languages	1,145	585	555
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	45	20	20
Gujarati	135	75	65
Hindi	95	45	45
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	5
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	20	10	15
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	635	325	310
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	5	5
Urdu	185	95	95
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	100	45	50
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0
Persian languages	80	40	45
Dari	65	30	35
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	5	10
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	150	75	80
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	5
Romanian	10	5	5
Spanish	135	65	70
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	10
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	40	20	20
Akan (Twi)	10	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	5
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	0
Dinka	5	5	5
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	30	35
Chinese languages	65	30	35
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	15
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	15	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0
Lao	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	760	365	390
English and French	25	5	20
English and non-official language(s)	725	355	370
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	6,650	3,315	3,330
None	4,420	2,195	2,230
English	915	465	445
French	30	10	20
Non-official language	925	460	465
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	925	460	465
English and French	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	185	105	80
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	135	70	65
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	6,600	3,375	3,225
Official languages	6,340	3,275	3,060
English	6,325	3,270	3,055
French	350	170	180
Non-official languages	4,110	2,125	1,980
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	4,110	2,125	1,980
Afro-Asiatic languages	275	145	130
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	10	10	0
Hausa	10	10	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	60	45
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	55	30	20
Somali	50	25	20
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	165	80	85
Amharic	35	20	15
Arabic	130	55	70
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	35	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	25	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	720	345	380
Bikol	10	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	25	0	20
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	25	10	15
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	720	345	380
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	230	120	115
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	140	75	65
Tamil	90	40	45
Telugu	20	10	10
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,455	1,320	1,130
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	0	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	0	20
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	15	0	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	15	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	20	15	0
German	20	15	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,155	1,165	985
Indo-Aryan languages	1,995	1,075	920
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	70	35	35
Gujarati	275	145	125
Hindi	900	465	430
Kacchi	15	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	45	15	20
Nepali	80	50	35
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,155	635	520
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	400	205	200
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	170	105	65
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	15	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	20	10	0
Persian languages	145	80	60
Dari	95	55	45
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	35	25	10
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	255	135	120
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	15	15	0
Portuguese	10	10	0
Romanian	10	10	0
Spanish	225	105	120
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	15
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	275	125	155
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	45	30	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	15	10
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	60	25	35
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	100	45	55
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	35	20	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	150	60	90
Chinese languages	140	55	90
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	70	25	50
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	80	35	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	6,600	3,375	3,225
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	105	40	65
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	105	40	65
First Nations (North American Indian)	40	15	25
Métis	65	25	40
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	6,495	3,335	3,160
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	6,600	3,375	3,225
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	15	0	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	6,585	3,365	3,210
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,505	...	...
Owner	1,255	...	...
Renter	1,245	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,505	...	...
Condominium	1,790	...	...
Not condominium	715	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,505	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...
1 bedroom	360	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,305	...	...
3 bedrooms	570	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	250	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,505	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,600	...	...
5 rooms	445	...	...
6 rooms	210	...	...
7 rooms	125	...	...
8 or more rooms	125	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,505	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,270	...	...
More than one person per room	230	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,505	...	...
Suitable	2,210	...	...
Not suitable	290	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,505	...	...
1960 or before	20	...	...
1961 to 1980	10	...	...
1981 to 1990	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	70	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,005	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,370	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,505	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,450	...	...
Major repairs needed	50	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,505	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,210	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,100	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	185	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,505	...	...
15 to 24 years	135	...	...
25 to 34 years	900	...	...
35 to 44 years	820	...	...
45 to 54 years	300	...	...
55 to 64 years	230	...	...
65 to 74 years	65	...	...
75 to 84 years	40	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,495	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,685	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	815	...	...
30% to less than 100%	750	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,500	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,060	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	725	...	...
Not suitable only	205	...	...
Major repairs needed only	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	70	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,445	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,430	...	...
In core need	280	...	...
Not in core need	2,155	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,255	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	95.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,940	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,940	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	324,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	335,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,245	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	1.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	35.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	18.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,400	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,420	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	6,600	3,375	3,230
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	30	0	20
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	30	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	20	0	15
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	85	35	55
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	80	35	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	10	10
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	60	25	35
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	6,490	3,335	3,155
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	6,605	3,370	3,225
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	4,450	2,305	2,140
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,435	795	635
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,010	1,515	1,500
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	2,155	1,065	1,090
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	6,605	3,370	3,225
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	2,745	1,430	1,320
Immigrants⁸¹	3,605	1,820	1,785
Before 1980	65	25	45
1980 to 1990	140	65	75
1991 to 2000	230	95	135
2001 to 2010	855	450	400
2011 to 2021⁸²	2,310	1,180	1,135
2011 to 2015	1,035	565	470
2016 to 2021	1,280	615	665
Non-permanent residents⁸³	250	125	125
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	3,605	1,820	1,785
Under 5 years	280	130	150
5 to 14 years	555	275	275
15 to 24 years	695	410	290
25 to 44 years	1,790	875	915
45 years and over	285	130	150
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	3,605	1,820	1,785
Americas	280	140	140
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	65	40	25
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	65	30	30
Mexico	20	10	10
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	35	15	25
Other places of birth in Americas	65	25	35
Europe	165	90	70
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	10	10	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	20	15	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	75	40	35
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	15
Africa	510	240	265
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	15	10
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	45	20	20
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	180	90	85
Somalia	30	15	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	220	95	125
Asia	2,650	1,345	1,305
Afghanistan	110	60	50
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	20	15	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	60	30	30
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	10	10
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	10
Taiwan	10	0	10
Philippines	645	310	340
Viet Nam	30	15	20
Bangladesh	35	20	15
India	1,205	635	570
Pakistan	265	130	135
Sri Lanka	40	20	20
Other places of birth in Asia	180	90	90
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	1,280	610	670
Americas	75	30	45
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	15	0
Mexico	10	0	0
United States of America	20	0	20
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	10
Europe	35	20	15
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	15	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	185	90	95
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	85	45	40
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	70	30	40
Asia	980	470	510
Afghanistan	60	30	30
Bangladesh	20	10	15
China⁹⁰	10	10	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	530	275	255
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	30	20	10
Pakistan	60	15	40
Philippines	210	95	120
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	15	10	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	10
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	6,600	3,375	3,225
First generation¹⁰⁰	3,880	1,955	1,925
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,560	865	695
Third generation or more¹⁰²	1,160	555	605
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	3,535	1,795	1,745
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,915	995	920
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	860	490	365
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	1,060	505	555
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	1,140	530	610
Refugees¹⁰⁸	430	235	190
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	50	30	15
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	3,535	1,795	1,745
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	155	90	70
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	385	170	215
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	50	25	20
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	360	230	125
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	2,585	1,280	1,310
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	6,600	3,375	3,225
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	5,140	2,665	2,475
South Asian	2,390	1,295	1,095
Chinese	140	60	80
Black	1,040	495	545
Filipino	830	415	415
Arab	60	35	25
Latin American	200	105	95
Southeast Asian	130	65	65
West Asian	175	110	65
Korean	25	10	15
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	30	20	15
Multiple visible minorities	105	55	50
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,465	710	755
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	6,605	3,375	3,225
Canadian	415	205	205
English	295	130	165
Irish	315	120	195
Scottish	225	100	125
French, n.o.s.¹²²	180	85	95
German	265	120	145
Chinese	215	80	130
Italian	90	60	30
Indian (India)	1,190	640	550
Ukrainian	120	40	75
Dutch	90	30	55
Polish	35	10	25
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	50	35	15
Filipino	875	435	440
French Canadian	50	20	30
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	35	20	15
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	10	0	0
Métis	75	25	45
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	75	45	25
Russian	95	40	55
Norwegian	60	25	35
Welsh	65	30	30
Portuguese	15	15	0
American	30	20	10
Spanish	100	50	55
Swedish	35	20	15
Hungarian	45	15	30
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	345	180	160
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	125	40	85
Jewish	20	0	15
Punjabi	235	125	110
Vietnamese	65	35	25
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	25	15	10
Greek	25	15	10
Jamaican	165	85	80
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	45	20	25
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	20
Romanian	20	0	15
Lebanese	30	10	20
Iranian	10	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	70	35	40
Danish	55	15	35
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0
Sikh	325	180	145
Austrian	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	185	105	80
Mexican	40	20	25
Mennonite	10	0	10
Swiss	0	0	0
Finnish	15	0	10
Sri Lankan	25	10	10
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	10
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	30	20	10
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	0	0
Muslim	70	40	35
Egyptian	10	0	10
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	35	20	15
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	65	40	25
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	10
Syrian	25	10	10
Guyanese	20	0	15
Afghan	160	90	70
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	20	0	20
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	0	10
Turkish	25	15	10
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	30	20	10
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	120	55	60
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	0	10
Somali	90	40	40
Taiwanese	10	0	10
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	0
African Caribbean	30	15	15
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	20	15	10
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	20	10	15
Lithuanian	15	0	15
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	15	0	10
Congolese	40	0	35
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	20	15	10
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	20	0	20
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	70	35	35
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	20	10	10
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	70	30	35
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	10	0	0
Ghanaian	40	25	15
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	15	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	20	10	10
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	60	25	35
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	50	20	30
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	40	15	20
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	25	10	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	30	20	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	15	0	10
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	35	10	20
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	80	45	30
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	6,600	3,375	3,225
Buddhist	75	35	45
Christian	2,420	1,205	1,215
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	770	385	385
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	30	10	20
Baptist	45	10	35
Catholic	1,260	645	615
Christian Orthodox	35	15	10
Jehovah's Witness	35	15	20
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	10	0	10
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	30	10	25
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	95	55	40
Presbyterian	25	0	15
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	20	0	20
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	65	40	30
Hindu	705	385	325
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	1,035	535	500
Sikh	920	500	420
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	25	15	10
No religion and secular perspectives	1,400	705	700
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	6,435	3,290	3,145
Non-movers	4,645	2,335	2,310
Movers	1,795	955	835
Non-migrants	1,140	630	515
Migrants	655	330	320
Internal migrants	475	225	245
Intraprovincial migrants	205	95	105
Interprovincial migrants	275	130	145
External migrants	175	100	75
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	5,890	2,975	2,915
Non-movers	1,500	780	720
Movers	4,385	2,195	2,190
Non-migrants	2,180	1,155	1,025
Migrants	2,205	1,040	1,165
Internal migrants	1,215	595	620
Intraprovincial migrants	580	285	295
Interprovincial migrants	635	310	325
External migrants	985	440	545
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,075	2,535	2,535
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	735	395	340
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,340	2,140	2,195
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,135	2,035	2,095
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	410	205	205
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,720	1,830	1,890
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,075	2,540	2,540
No certificate, diploma or degree	630	340	290
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,320	695	630
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,120	1,505	1,615
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,400	710	690
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	235	180	60
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	105	75	30
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	130	100	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	945	415	530
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	225	125	100
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,720	790	930
Bachelor's degree	1,110	520	590
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	135	55	75
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	20
Master's degree	445	195	245
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,130	2,035	2,095
No certificate, diploma or degree	330	165	170
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	955	495	460
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,840	1,375	1,470
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,225	615	610
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	185	140	45
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	75	50	25
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	115	95	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	835	355	475
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	205	120	85
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,620	760	860
Bachelor's degree	1,020	505	520
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	120	45	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	0	15
Master's degree	440	190	245
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,070	2,535	2,540
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,950	1,035	915
Education	90	10	80
13. Education	90	10	80
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	85	30	55
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	80	30	50
Humanities	140	55	85
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	15	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	30	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	15	10	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	265	75	190
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	15	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	60	10	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10
42. Psychology	40	0	40
45. Social sciences	85	40	45
Business, management and public administration	935	445	490
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	905	440	465
Physical and life sciences and technologies	125	40	85
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	15	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	0	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	0	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	250	150	95
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	230	145	80
25. Library science	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	525	455	75
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0
14. Engineering	220	185	35
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	155	125	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45	45	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	80	75	0
48. Precision production	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	25	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	30	15	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0
Health and related fields	515	125	390
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	485	105	380
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	140	85	55
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	80	40	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	45	30	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,130	2,035	2,095
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,285	660	630
Education	80	10	70
13. Education	80	10	70
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	80	25	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	70	25	45
Humanities	120	55	65
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	35	15	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	25	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	15	10	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	245	75	175
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	20	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	55	10	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10
42. Psychology	40	0	35
45. Social sciences	75	40	35
Business, management and public administration	890	415	475
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	0	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	855	410	450
Physical and life sciences and technologies	120	35	85
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	10	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	10	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	0	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	240	155	90
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	215	140	75
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	450	385	65
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	205	180	25
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	135	105	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	40	40	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	60	55	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	35	25	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	15	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0
Health and related fields	465	115	350
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	445	95	345
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	115	75	35
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	65	35	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	35	30	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,130	2,035	2,095
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,285	660	630
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,845	1,375	1,470
Location of study inside Canada	1,465	735	725
Same as province or territory of residence	960	440	520
Different than province or territory of residence	505	295	210
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,380	640	740
Americas	125	75	55
United States of America	65	35	25
Mexico	20	0	15
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	25	15	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	105	50	50
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	70	40	35
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	0	10
Africa	80	25	60
Nigeria	35	15	20
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	45	10	40
Asia	1,065	490	575
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10
Philippines	315	145	175
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	565	270	305
Pakistan	70	25	45
Other locations of study in Asia	55	30	30
Oceania	10	10	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	5,075	2,540	2,540
In the labour force	4,055	2,135	1,920
Employed	3,470	1,845	1,625
Unemployed	585	290	295
Not in the labour force	1,015	400	620
Participation rate	79.9	84.1	75.6
Employment rate	68.4	72.6	64.0
Unemployment rate	14.4	13.6	15.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	5,070	2,535	2,540
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,215	500	725
Worked	3,855	2,040	1,815
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,940	1,050	890
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,915	990	925
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.8	40.6	39.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,055	2,135	1,920
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	50	90
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	3,915	2,090	1,830
Employee	3,540	1,830	1,710
Permanent position	3,065	1,610	1,450
Temporary position	475	215	265
Fixed term (1 year or more)	135	65	70
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	345	150	190
Self-employed¹⁹²	380	260	115
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,055	2,135	1,920
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	50	90
All occupations¹⁹¹	3,915	2,090	1,830
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	640	200	440
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	290	195	100
3 Health occupations	405	95	315
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	255	70	185
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	35	0	25
6 Sales and service occupations	1,235	605	635
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	910	815	95
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	55	40	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	85	55	25
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,055	2,135	1,920
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	50	90
All industries¹⁹¹	3,915	2,090	1,830
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	0	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	60	40	25
22 Utilities	30	25	0
23 Construction	285	260	25
31-33 Manufacturing	145	100	45
41 Wholesale trade	105	80	20
44-45 Retail trade	580	295	285
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	545	410	135
51 Information and cultural industries	100	50	45
52 Finance and insurance	150	55	95
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	70	40	30
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	275	150	130
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	255	155	95
61 Educational services	85	25	65
62 Health care and social assistance	625	110	515
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	45	30	15
72 Accommodation and food services	290	145	150
81 Other services (except public administration)	125	55	75
91 Public administration	120	60	55
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,240	2,220	2,020
English	3,880	2,025	1,855
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	45	15	30
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	45	15	30
English and French	25	10	15
English and non-official language(s)	290	160	125
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,240	2,220	2,020
Single responses	4,210	2,200	2,010
Official languages	4,090	2,150	1,940
English	4,080	2,150	1,935
French	10	0	0
Non-official languages	115	45	70
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	115	45	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	35	55
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	70	25	45
Indo-Aryan languages	70	25	45
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	20	40
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0
Chinese languages	10	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	20	10
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	35	20	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,240	2,220	2,020
None	3,945	2,060	1,895
English	65	30	35
French	15	10	10
Non-official language	160	90	70
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	155	90	65
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	40	30	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,470	1,845	1,625
Worked at home	575	230	340
Worked outside Canada	20	15	0
No fixed workplace address	545	420	130
Usual place of work	2,330	1,180	1,150
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,325	1,180	1,155
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,870	910	960
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	345	210	130
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	65	35	35
Commute to a different province or territory	50	25	30
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,875	1,595	1,280
Car, truck or van	2,505	1,475	1,035
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,330	1,430	900
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	175	45	130
Public transit	230	70	160
Walked	55	25	30
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	90	30	55
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,875	1,595	1,280
Less than 15 minutes	455	235	225
15 to 29 minutes	1,395	820	575
30 to 44 minutes	705	395	310
45 to 59 minutes	120	85	35
60 minutes and over	195	60	135
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,875	1,595	1,280
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	230	160	70
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	595	350	245
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	570	310	260
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	485	245	235
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	410	200	215
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	595	340	255
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,710	885	830
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	110	60	50
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,595	825	775
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	970	505	470
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	35	30
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	15	15
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	25	20
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	905	470	435

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 15, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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