Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062516More information: Alberta [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	9,296	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,438	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,370	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	901.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	10.32	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	9,295	4,635	4,660
0 to 14 years	2,650	1,355	1,295
0 to 4 years	1,050	560	485
5 to 9 years	895	450	440
10 to 14 years	715	345	365
15 to 64 years	6,235	3,080	3,155
15 to 19 years	515	265	250
20 to 24 years	530	260	265
25 to 29 years	750	360	395
30 to 34 years	1,115	550	560
35 to 39 years	1,100	525	575
40 to 44 years	800	400	395
45 to 49 years	505	270	240
50 to 54 years	355	175	175
55 to 59 years	305	145	165
60 to 64 years	255	125	130
65 years and over	410	200	215
65 to 69 years	180	95	85
70 to 74 years	125	55	65
75 to 79 years	75	30	40
80 to 84 years	25	10	15
85 years and over	15	5	10
85 to 89 years	10	5	10
90 to 94 years	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	28.5	29.2	27.8
15 to 64 years	67.1	66.5	67.7
65 years and over	4.4	4.3	4.6
85 years and over	0.2	0.1	0.2
Average age of the population	29.8	29.4	30.1
Median age of the population	31.0	30.8	31.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,370	...	...
Single-detached house	1,665	...	...
Semi-detached house	95	...	...
Row house	565	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	35	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,370	...	...
1 person	120	...	...
2 persons	360	...	...
3 persons	470	...	...
4 persons	675	...	...
5 or more persons	745	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,295	4,635	4,660
Average household size	3.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	6,645	3,280	3,370
Married or living common-law	4,725	2,360	2,365
Married	4,550	2,270	2,275
Living common-law	180	85	90
Living common law - Never married	145	70	75
Living common law - Separated	10	5	5
Living common law - Divorced	20	10	10
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	1,925	920	1,000
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,525	825	700
Not married and not living common law - Separated	80	25	50
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	140	40	100
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	175	25	155
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,490	...	...
2 persons	665	...	...
3 persons	645	...	...
4 persons	800	...	...
5 or more persons	385	...	...
Average size of census families	3.4	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,495	...	...
Total couple families	2,230	...	...
Married couples	2,145	...	...
With children⁶	1,655	...	...
Without children	490	...	...
Common-law couples	90	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...
Without children	45	...	...
Total one-parent families	260	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	220	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	45	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	9,295	4,635	4,660
Total - Persons in census families	8,535	4,260	4,280
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,465	2,230	2,235
Parents in one-parent families	260	45	215
Children⁶	3,810	1,985	1,830
In a two-parent family	3,360	1,750	1,615
In a one-parent family	450	235	215
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	760	380	380
Living alone	120	75	40
Living with other relatives⁷	450	195	260
Living with non-relatives only	185	105	80
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,370	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,610	...	...
Couple-family households	1,470	...	...
With children⁶	1,210	...	...
Without children	265	...	...
One-parent-family households	135	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	330	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	65	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	185	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	65	...	...
One-person households	120	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	6,650	3,285	3,365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,225	3,100	3,125
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	43,600	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,225	3,100	3,125
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	39,600	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,465	2,860	2,600
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	41,600	23,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,090	2,660	2,430
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,800	39,600	25,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,700	2,820	2,880
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,850	3,160	10,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	970	325	645
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,520	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,770	1,325	1,440
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	6,550	3,295	3,260
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,155	3,115	3,040
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,760	49,280	38,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,155	3,115	3,040
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,600	42,680	34,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,435	2,895	2,540
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,480	46,160	31,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,075	2,700	2,380
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,840	44,760	32,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,600	2,810	2,795
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,770	7,060	12,480
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	925	345	580
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,100	7,480	8,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,550	1,295	1,260
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,130	8,640	9,640
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	6,555	3,295	3,260
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,265	1,340	925
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,600	56,400	47,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,100	61,400	48,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,045	950	1,095
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,800	22,600	15,900
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,360	30,100	23,120
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.6	87.0	69.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	73.2	78.6	66.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.3	12.9	30.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.8	1.7	4.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	9.6	7.9	11.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	8.6	7.3	10.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	6,645	3,280	3,370
Without total income	425	185	240
With total income	6,225	3,100	3,125
Under $10,000 (including loss)	660	245	415
$10,000 to $19,999	670	285	380
$20,000 to $29,999	1,010	450	560
$30,000 to $39,999	965	410	555
$40,000 to $49,999	810	405	410
$50,000 to $59,999	660	340	320
$60,000 to $69,999	465	255	215
$70,000 to $79,999	325	210	120
$80,000 to $89,999	195	145	50
$90,000 to $99,999	160	125	40
$100,000 and over	295	230	65
$100,000 to $149,999	255	195	60
$150,000 and over	40	30	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	6,645	3,280	3,370
Without after-tax income	420	185	240
With after-tax income	6,225	3,100	3,125
Under $10,000 (including loss)	665	250	415
$10,000 to $19,999	685	295	390
$20,000 to $29,999	1,190	535	660
$30,000 to $39,999	1,110	510	595
$40,000 to $49,999	960	490	470
$50,000 to $59,999	640	345	295
$60,000 to $69,999	400	250	150
$70,000 to $79,999	255	190	65
$80,000 to $89,999	150	115	35
$90,000 to $99,999	70	50	20
$100,000 and over	100	80	25
$100,000 to $124,999	70	50	15
$125,000 and over	35	25	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	6,645	3,280	3,370
Without employment income	1,560	620	940
With employment income	5,085	2,660	2,425
Under $5,000 (including loss)	615	260	355
$5,000 to $9,999	495	190	305
$10,000 to $19,999	695	325	370
$20,000 to $29,999	615	300	315
$30,000 to $39,999	550	270	280
$40,000 to $49,999	545	275	265
$50,000 to $59,999	460	245	215
$60,000 to $69,999	325	190	135
$70,000 to $79,999	250	180	70
$80,000 to $89,999	155	130	30
$90,000 to $99,999	130	100	25
$100,000 and over	245	195	50
$100,000 to $124,999	170	135	40
$125,000 and over	75	65	10
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	6,650	3,285	3,365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,015	2,995	3,025
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	43,200	30,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,015	2,995	3,025
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	38,800	29,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,330	2,825	2,505
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	44,000	29,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,045	2,670	2,380
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	41,200	30,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,410	2,670	2,735
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,160	940	4,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	600	180	420
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,150	5,440	8,300
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	6,550	3,295	3,260
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,945	2,995	2,945
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,840	48,280	35,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,945	2,995	2,945
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,720	41,600	31,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,250	2,850	2,400
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,360	48,520	35,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,000	2,700	2,305
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,440	46,920	35,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,295	2,605	2,690
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,936	2,490	7,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	595	180	420
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,960	7,650	9,560
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	6,555	3,295	3,260
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,215	1,310	905
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,400	56,400	43,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,800	60,550	46,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,895	940	960
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,800	29,000	25,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,640	35,800	29,550
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	89.4	95.6	81.2
Employment income (%)	83.4	87.4	77.8
Government transfers (%)	10.5	4.5	18.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	0.9	3.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,370	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	120	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,255	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,380	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	113,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	99,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	115	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,265	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,370	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	115	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	140	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	205	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	220	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	215	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,300	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	490	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	325	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	325	...	...
$200,000 and over	150	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,370	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	55	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	130	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	225	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	270	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	260	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	275	...	...
$100,000 and over	995	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	455	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	245	...	...
$150,000 and over	295	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,255	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	300	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,675	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	185	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	305	185	125
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,800	38,800	38,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	34,800	34,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,265	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	340	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	101,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,640	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	185	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	305	195	110
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,400	46,000	36,500
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	39,600	32,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	9,295	4,635	4,660
0 to 17 years	2,975	1,520	1,455
0 to 5 years	1,235	650	585
18 to 64 years	5,905	2,915	2,995
65 years and over	410	200	210
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	620	295	325
0 to 17 years	275	135	140
0 to 5 years	95	45	50
18 to 64 years	320	155	165
65 years and over	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.7	6.4	6.9
0 to 17 years (%)	9.3	8.8	9.8
0 to 5 years (%)	7.8	7.0	8.4
18 to 64 years (%)	5.4	5.2	5.6
65 years and over (%)	6.0	5.0	7.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	9,295	4,635	4,660
0 to 17 years	2,975	1,520	1,455
0 to 5 years	1,240	650	585
18 to 64 years	5,910	2,915	2,990
65 years and over	415	200	215
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	295	150	145
0 to 17 years	100	50	45
0 to 5 years	40	25	20
18 to 64 years	190	95	90
65 years and over	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.2	3.3	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	3.5	3.5	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	3.2	3.2	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	3.1	3.3	3.0
65 years and over (%)	2.4	2.0	3.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	9,295	4,635	4,660
In bottom half of the distribution	5,410	2,665	2,745
In bottom decile	545	265	280
In second decile	870	425	440
In third decile	1,260	605	655
In fourth decile	1,385	685	700
In fifth decile	1,350	685	665
In top half of the distribution	3,885	1,970	1,910
In sixth decile	1,185	615	570
In seventh decile	1,080	545	535
In eighth decile	925	455	470
In ninth decile	495	255	235
In top decile	205	100	100
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	9,295	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.229	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.332	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.208	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	9,295	4,635	4,660
English only	8,350	4,200	4,155
French only	15	5	10
English and French	195	100	100
Neither English nor French	730	330	395
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	9,295	4,635	4,660
English	8,490	4,265	4,220
French	60	25	30
English and French	35	15	15
Neither English nor French	715	320	390
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	9,295	4,635	4,660
Single responses	8,065	4,010	4,050
Official languages	1,985	980	1,005
English	1,945	965	980
French	40	15	20
Non-official languages	6,080	3,030	3,050
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	6,080	3,030	3,050
Afro-Asiatic languages	175	90	90
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	15	10
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	20	15	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	155	80	80
Amharic	50	15	30
Arabic	95	55	45
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	25	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	25	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	515	235	275
Bikol	5	5	5
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	5	5
Cebuano	30	20	10
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	10
Ilocano	30	15	15
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	425	190	235
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	10	5	5
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	95	50	45
Kannada	5	5	5
Malayalam	35	20	15
Tamil	45	20	20
Telugu	15	10	5
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,080	2,550	2,525
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	15	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	15	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5
Bosnian	10	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	4,955	2,485	2,470
Indo-Aryan languages	4,745	2,390	2,355
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	100	50	50
Gujarati	230	120	115
Hindi	280	145	140
Kacchi	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	15	5	10
Nepali	130	70	55
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,135	1,590	1,545
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	15	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0
Urdu	800	385	420
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10
Iranian languages	210	95	115
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	30	10	25
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	95	45	50
Persian languages	85	40	45
Dari	70	30	40
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	5	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	50	45
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	5	0	0
Spanish	80	45	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	10	5	5
Ndebele	5	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	5	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	5
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	25
Chinese languages	45	25	25
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,230	625	605
English and French	10	10	0
English and non-official language(s)	1,135	575	560
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	70	35	35
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	9,295	4,635	4,660
English	1,715	855	865
French	20	5	10
Non-official language	2,455	1,210	1,245
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	2,455	1,210	1,245
English and French	35	20	15
English and non-official language(s)	4,745	2,380	2,360
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	20	35
Multiple non-official languages	270	140	130
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	9,295	4,635	4,660
Single responses	8,055	4,015	4,035
Official languages	2,925	1,445	1,485
English	2,905	1,435	1,475
French	25	10	15
Non-official languages	5,120	2,575	2,550
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	5,120	2,575	2,550
Afro-Asiatic languages	125	60	60
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	10	10
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	15	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	105	50	50
Amharic	30	10	15
Arabic	70	35	30
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	325	155	170
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	5
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	5	10
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	290	135	155
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	80	40	40
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	15	15
Tamil	40	20	20
Telugu	10	5	5
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,500	2,265	2,235
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	4,420	2,230	2,190
Indo-Aryan languages	4,255	2,155	2,100
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	70	35	40
Gujarati	180	95	95
Hindi	250	135	120
Kacchi	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	105	60	50
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,895	1,475	1,425
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	10	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0
Urdu	705	345	365
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5
Iranian languages	165	75	95
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	25	10	15
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	75	35	40
Persian languages	65	30	35
Dari	60	30	35
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	30	35
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	55	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	15
Chinese languages	35	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,245	620	625
English and French	10	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	1,195	595	600
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	9,295	4,635	4,660
None	5,185	2,570	2,615
English	1,915	975	945
French	30	15	20
Non-official language	1,435	705	730
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	1,435	705	730
English and French	10	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	500	260	245
French and non-official language(s)	25	5	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	185	100	85
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	9,240	4,700	4,540
Official languages	8,595	4,435	4,160
English	8,560	4,415	4,140
French	265	150	115
Non-official languages	8,165	4,130	4,035
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	8,165	4,130	4,035
Afro-Asiatic languages	340	180	165
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	15	15	0
Hausa	15	15	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	25	15	10
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	305	150	160
Amharic	125	40	85
Arabic	150	90	60
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	55	30	20
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	125	50	75
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0
Vietnamese	115	45	70
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	815	410	410
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	55	35	20
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	10	15
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	815	410	410
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0
Creole languages	60	25	35
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	15	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10
Dravidian languages	205	115	85
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30
Tamil	145	80	60
Telugu	35	20	15
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,485	3,270	3,215
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	20	20
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	15
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	0
German	10	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	6,310	3,190	3,120
Indo-Aryan languages	6,115	3,095	3,020
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	135	65	70
Gujarati	425	225	195
Hindi	1,935	975	960
Kacchi	30	15	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	45	25	15
Nepali	170	90	80
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	4,025	2,050	1,975
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	25	15	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	1,465	720	740
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	50	30	15
Iranian languages	310	160	150
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	10	10
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	165	85	75
Persian languages	105	50	55
Dari	90	45	50
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	235	120	120
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	35	20	20
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	200	105	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	10
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	150	90	65
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	35	25	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	15	10	10
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	75	45	30
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	20	15
Chinese languages	30	20	10
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	20	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,235	4,700	4,535
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	25	10	20
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	0	0
Métis	15	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	9,210	4,690	4,520
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,235	4,700	4,535
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	10	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,225	4,690	4,535
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,380	...	...
Owner	2,140	...	...
Renter	235	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,380	...	...
Condominium	365	...	...
Not condominium	2,020	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,380	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...
1 bedroom	85	...	...
2 bedrooms	235	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,410	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	635	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,380	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	875	...	...
5 rooms	690	...	...
6 rooms	485	...	...
7 rooms	145	...	...
8 or more rooms	185	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,380	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,020	...	...
More than one person per room	355	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,380	...	...
Suitable	2,020	...	...
Not suitable	365	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,380	...	...
1960 or before	10	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...
2011 to 2015	400	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,935	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,380	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,325	...	...
Major repairs needed	50	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,380	...	...
One-maintainer household	730	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,305	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	345	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,380	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	640	...	...
35 to 44 years	960	...	...
45 to 54 years	465	...	...
55 to 64 years	210	...	...
65 to 74 years	65	...	...
75 to 84 years	15	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,380	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,665	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	715	...	...
30% to less than 100%	685	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,380	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,050	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	640	...	...
Not suitable only	290	...	...
Major repairs needed only	50	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	70	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,325	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,345	...	...
In core need	140	...	...
Not in core need	2,205	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,145	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	95.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,200	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,230	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	448,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	461,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	235	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	31.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,760	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,780	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	9,235	4,695	4,535
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	45	15	25
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	45	15	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	10	15
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	10	10
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	9,195	4,680	4,510
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	9,235	4,700	4,535
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	6,070	3,090	2,980
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,640	1,360	1,280
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,425	1,730	1,695
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	3,165	1,610	1,555
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	9,235	4,700	4,535
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	2,955	1,555	1,405
Immigrants⁸¹	5,900	2,930	2,970
Before 1980	60	30	35
1980 to 1990	110	65	45
1991 to 2000	575	290	285
2001 to 2010	1,670	795	865
2011 to 2021⁸²	3,490	1,755	1,740
2011 to 2015	1,760	890	870
2016 to 2021	1,730	865	865
Non-permanent residents⁸³	385	215	165
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	5,900	2,930	2,970
Under 5 years	410	220	185
5 to 14 years	735	415	325
15 to 24 years	1,195	515	675
25 to 44 years	2,845	1,465	1,380
45 years and over	720	315	400
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	5,900	2,930	2,970
Americas	170	80	95
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	35	15	20
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	30	10	20
Jamaica	35	10	20
Mexico	25	10	20
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0
Europe	60	25	35
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	15	0	10
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	15
Africa	395	210	185
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	15	0	15
Ethiopia	55	20	35
Morocco	15	0	10
Nigeria	125	75	55
Somalia	15	10	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	165	100	65
Asia	5,265	2,610	2,655
Afghanistan	80	35	40
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	30	20	15
Lebanon	10	10	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	10	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	765	375	395
Viet Nam	60	30	35
Bangladesh	85	45	40
India	3,175	1,595	1,575
Pakistan	770	360	410
Sri Lanka	50	30	25
Other places of birth in Asia	220	105	110
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	10	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	1,725	860	865
Americas	60	30	30
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	20	10	10
Jamaica	15	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	25	10	20
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	120	65	60
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	85	50	35
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0
Asia	1,525	765	755
Afghanistan	30	15	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	1,125	590	530
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	45	25	20
Pakistan	100	30	75
Philippines	200	90	105
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	15	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	9,240	4,700	4,540
First generation¹⁰⁰	6,320	3,165	3,150
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,685	1,415	1,270
Third generation or more¹⁰²	235	115	115
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	5,835	2,900	2,935
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	3,065	1,670	1,395
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	1,375	855	520
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	1,695	820	875
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	2,125	920	1,205
Refugees¹⁰⁸	545	270	280
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	95	45	50
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	5,835	2,900	2,935
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	255	160	95
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	605	290	320
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	50	35	20
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	470	290	175
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	4,445	2,130	2,320
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	9,235	4,700	4,535
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	8,910	4,525	4,390
South Asian	6,570	3,335	3,230
Chinese	30	25	10
Black	680	320	355
Filipino	970	505	465
Arab	125	70	50
Latin American	125	55	70
Southeast Asian	190	80	110
West Asian	110	65	45
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	35	25	10
Multiple visible minorities	75	40	30
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	325	175	145
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	9,235	4,700	4,540
Canadian	475	230	250
English	65	45	15
Irish	70	35	35
Scottish	70	45	20
French, n.o.s.¹²²	55	30	20
German	55	35	20
Chinese	70	45	25
Italian	20	15	10
Indian (India)	2,825	1,395	1,430
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Dutch	15	15	0
Polish	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0
Filipino	885	445	440
French Canadian	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	35	20	15
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0
Métis	20	10	15
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	10	10
Welsh	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
American	25	0	15
Spanish	50	15	35
Swedish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	1,215	610	610
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	175	70	105
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	905	465	440
Vietnamese	150	60	90
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	40	15	25
Greek	0	0	0
Jamaican	35	20	20
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	125	75	50
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Lebanese	50	25	20
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0
Sikh	1,040	535	505
Austrian	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0
Haitian	40	15	30
Hindu	365	190	175
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	70	45	20
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	135	60	75
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	210	115	95
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	45	20	25
Tamil	40	20	20
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	15	0	15
Moroccan	10	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	110	70	45
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	90	40	50
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	70	35	35
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	50	25	25
Salvadorean	35	20	15
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	75	25	55
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	30	15
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	10	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	105	45	55
Eritrean	40	25	15
African Canadian	15	0	15
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	10	15
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	20	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	125	55	70
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	140	75	60
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	30	15	15
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	25	15	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	40	20	20
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	20	0	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	75	35	40
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	30	15	20
Yemeni	40	25	10
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	45	15	30
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	9,235	4,700	4,535
Buddhist	55	20	35
Christian	1,910	960	950
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	470	235	235
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	15	10	0
Baptist	20	10	10
Catholic	965	490	475
Christian Orthodox	80	45	40
Jehovah's Witness	50	25	25
Latter Day Saints	10	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	15	10	10
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	105	55	50
Presbyterian	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	155	70	85
Hindu	1,230	640	595
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	2,075	1,060	1,020
Sikh	3,420	1,730	1,690
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	25	10	15
No religion and secular perspectives	515	285	230
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	9,000	4,560	4,440
Non-movers	7,005	3,540	3,465
Movers	2,000	1,025	975
Non-migrants	1,645	820	825
Migrants	355	205	150
Internal migrants	290	170	120
Intraprovincial migrants	115	65	50
Interprovincial migrants	170	110	65
External migrants	70	35	30
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	8,165	4,065	4,095
Non-movers	1,550	730	815
Movers	6,615	3,335	3,280
Non-migrants	4,440	2,220	2,225
Migrants	2,175	1,120	1,055
Internal migrants	930	500	430
Intraprovincial migrants	270	145	125
Interprovincial migrants	655	355	305
External migrants	1,245	615	625
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,555	3,295	3,260
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,235	575	655
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,320	2,720	2,605
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,200	2,540	2,660
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	720	320	400
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,485	2,220	2,260
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,555	3,295	3,260
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,160	540	615
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,695	985	710
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,700	1,770	1,925
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,265	620	645
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	170	100	70
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	85	30	50
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	95	75	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	800	380	420
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	285	135	150
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,435	1,150	1,285
Bachelor's degree	1,565	760	805
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	125	55	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	30	25
Master's degree	680	300	380
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	10	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,205	2,540	2,665
No certificate, diploma or degree	660	285	370
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,175	670	510
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,370	1,585	1,785
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,080	525	550
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	145	80	65
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	70	30	45
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	70	55	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	675	320	355
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	250	125	130
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,295	1,065	1,235
Bachelor's degree	1,455	695	765
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	110	50	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	30	20
Master's degree	655	280	370
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	10	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,555	3,295	3,260
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,855	1,525	1,330
Education	145	20	120
13. Education	145	20	120
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	25	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	30	20	15
Humanities	345	120	225
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	10	15
23. English language and literature/letters	40	15	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	220	75	145
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	30	10	20
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	270	105	165
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	0	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	20	25
22. Legal professions and studies	40	15	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10
42. Psychology	20	10	15
45. Social sciences	120	60	60
Business, management and public administration	895	445	450
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	10	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	865	440	425
Physical and life sciences and technologies	210	95	115
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	75	25	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	30	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	45	30	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	340	185	155
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	310	175	135
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	650	530	125
04. Architecture and related services	20	0	10
14. Engineering	365	290	80
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	160	125	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	35	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	55	55	0
48. Precision production	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	50	40	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	45	30	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	665	155	515
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	20	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	630	125	500
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	80	45	35
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	40	10	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	25	20	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,200	2,540	2,665
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,830	955	875
Education	130	20	110
13. Education	130	20	110
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	25	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	20	15
Humanities	325	115	205
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	40	10	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	205	75	135
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	30	10	20
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	245	100	145
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	0	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	20	20
22. Legal professions and studies	40	15	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10
42. Psychology	25	10	15
45. Social sciences	105	55	55
Business, management and public administration	830	410	415
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	10	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	800	400	400
Physical and life sciences and technologies	165	80	90
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	25	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	25	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	35	25	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	320	175	145
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	300	165	125
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	575	455	115
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	10
14. Engineering	320	250	75
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	155	125	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	45	45	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	35	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	25	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0
Health and related fields	635	145	490
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	595	120	480
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	60	35	30
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	30	10	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,200	2,540	2,665
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,830	955	875
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,375	1,585	1,785
Location of study inside Canada	1,075	470	605
Same as province or territory of residence	700	290	415
Different than province or territory of residence	375	185	190
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	2,300	1,110	1,185
Americas	70	40	30
United States of America	30	15	15
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	20	10	10
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	85	55	35
Belgium	0	0	0
France	15	10	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	15	10	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45	30	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	65	35	40
Nigeria	30	20	15
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	35	15	20
Asia	2,060	980	1,090
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	375	165	210
Viet Nam	10	0	10
Bangladesh	35	20	20
Sri Lanka	20	0	15
India	1,275	620	665
Pakistan	255	120	135
Other locations of study in Asia	80	50	25
Oceania	15	15	0
Australia	15	15	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	6,555	3,295	3,260
In the labour force	4,840	2,620	2,215
Employed	4,370	2,415	1,945
Unemployed	475	205	270
Not in the labour force	1,715	675	1,045
Participation rate	73.8	79.5	67.9
Employment rate	66.7	73.3	59.7
Unemployment rate	9.8	7.8	12.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	6,555	3,295	3,260
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,985	835	1,150
Worked	4,570	2,460	2,115
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,365	1,415	950
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,205	1,045	1,165
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.4	42.4	38.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,840	2,625	2,220
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95	40	55
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,740	2,585	2,165
Employee	4,070	2,040	2,025
Permanent position	3,505	1,805	1,700
Temporary position	560	240	325
Fixed term (1 year or more)	180	80	105
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	380	160	225
Self-employed¹⁹²	670	540	135
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,840	2,625	2,220
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95	40	55
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,740	2,585	2,165
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	15	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	690	280	415
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	345	265	80
3 Health occupations	450	70	375
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	300	55	250
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	40	20	20
6 Sales and service occupations	1,340	590	750
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,360	1,180	185
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	185	100	85
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,840	2,625	2,220
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95	40	55
All industries¹⁹¹	4,740	2,585	2,165
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	40	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0
23 Construction	265	245	20
31-33 Manufacturing	170	105	60
41 Wholesale trade	110	70	40
44-45 Retail trade	710	370	335
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	945	745	200
51 Information and cultural industries	70	45	30
52 Finance and insurance	185	75	105
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	70	50	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	320	195	125
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	275	150	125
61 Educational services	200	50	150
62 Health care and social assistance	630	100	530
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	425	180	250
81 Other services (except public administration)	160	80	80
91 Public administration	130	60	65
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,175	2,790	2,390
English	4,365	2,340	2,020
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	125	65	65
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	125	65	65
English and French	20	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	665	370	290
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,175	2,790	2,390
Single responses	5,030	2,695	2,340
Official languages	4,805	2,550	2,255
English	4,805	2,550	2,255
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	225	140	85
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	225	140	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	210	135	75
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	200	125	75
Indo-Aryan languages	195	125	70
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	180	120	65
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	150	95	50
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	140	95	40
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,175	2,790	2,390
None	4,625	2,495	2,125
English	95	70	25
French	15	10	10
Non-official language	345	185	165
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	345	185	165
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	100	30	70
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,365	2,415	1,945
Worked at home	650	365	285
Worked outside Canada	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	910	680	240
Usual place of work	2,795	1,375	1,420
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,795	1,375	1,420
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,290	1,080	1,210
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	460	250	210
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	35	25	10
Commute to a different province or territory	15	15	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,710	2,050	1,655
Car, truck or van	3,275	1,890	1,380
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,020	1,805	1,215
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	250	85	165
Public transit	345	125	225
Walked	20	0	10
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	75	35	45
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,710	2,050	1,655
Less than 15 minutes	720	390	335
15 to 29 minutes	1,690	950	745
30 to 44 minutes	970	550	420
45 to 59 minutes	155	65	90
60 minutes and over	170	95	70
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,710	2,050	1,655
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	270	165	105
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	555	255	300
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	680	345	335
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	620	370	255
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	565	315	250
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,010	600	410
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,010	1,535	1,475
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	90	40	50
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,925	1,505	1,425
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,910	945	960
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60	25	35
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35	15	20
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	10	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,850	920	925

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 16, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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