Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062516More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062585More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48060740More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	9,296	...	...	916	...	...	482	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,438	...	...	414	...	...	179	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,370	...	...	401	...	...	174	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	901.1	...	...	6,256.8	...	...	2,665.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	10.32	...	...	0.15	...	...	0.18	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	9,295	4,635	4,660	915	450	465	480	250	235
0 to 14 years	2,650	1,355	1,295	155	85	65	90	55	35
0 to 4 years	1,050	560	485	55	30	25	30	15	10
5 to 9 years	895	450	440	60	30	25	30	20	10
10 to 14 years	715	345	365	45	25	20	30	15	10
15 to 64 years	6,235	3,080	3,155	515	245	275	315	155	155
15 to 19 years	515	265	250	40	20	25	30	15	15
20 to 24 years	530	260	265	35	20	15	30	15	15
25 to 29 years	750	360	395	50	20	25	25	15	15
30 to 34 years	1,115	550	560	80	35	45	25	10	10
35 to 39 years	1,100	525	575	90	55	40	40	20	20
40 to 44 years	800	400	395	70	35	35	30	20	15
45 to 49 years	505	270	240	40	15	25	35	15	20
50 to 54 years	355	175	175	30	20	10	40	20	25
55 to 59 years	305	145	165	35	10	25	40	20	15
60 to 64 years	255	125	130	45	20	30	30	15	15
65 years and over	410	200	215	240	120	125	80	35	45
65 to 69 years	180	95	85	90	40	50	20	10	15
70 to 74 years	125	55	65	60	30	30	20	5	10
75 to 79 years	75	30	40	45	30	20	10	5	5
80 to 84 years	25	10	15	30	15	15	10	0	10
85 years and over	15	5	10	15	10	5	20	5	10
85 to 89 years	10	5	10	10	5	5	15	10	10
90 to 94 years	5	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	28.5	29.2	27.8	16.9	18.9	14.0	18.8	22.0	14.9
15 to 64 years	67.1	66.5	67.7	56.3	54.4	59.1	65.6	62.0	66.0
65 years and over	4.4	4.3	4.6	26.2	26.7	26.9	16.7	14.0	19.1
85 years and over	0.2	0.1	0.2	1.6	2.2	1.1	4.2	2.0	4.3
Average age of the population	29.8	29.4	30.1	43.0	41.7	44.3	41.1	38.4	43.8
Median age of the population	31.0	30.8	31.2	40.4	39.2	42.0	41.2	39.2	46.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,370	...	...	400	...	...	175	...	...
Single-detached house	1,665	...	...	25	...	...	155	...	...
Semi-detached house	95	...	...	120	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	565	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	35	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	10	...	...	255	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,370	...	...	405	...	...	170	...	...
1 person	120	...	...	105	...	...	30	...	...
2 persons	360	...	...	175	...	...	60	...	...
3 persons	470	...	...	50	...	...	35	...	...
4 persons	675	...	...	40	...	...	35	...	...
5 or more persons	745	...	...	30	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,295	4,635	4,660	915	450	470	475	245	235
Average household size	3.9	...	...	2.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	6,645	3,280	3,370	760	360	395	395	195	205
Married or living common-law	4,725	2,360	2,365	500	250	250	240	125	120
Married	4,550	2,270	2,275	425	210	215	205	105	100
Living common-law	180	85	90	75	40	40	40	15	20
Living common law - Never married	145	70	75	55	30	30	35	15	15
Living common law - Separated	10	5	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Living common law - Divorced	20	10	10	10	5	10	5	5	0
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	1,925	920	1,000	260	115	150	155	70	80
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,525	825	700	155	75	80	105	55	45
Not married and not living common law - Separated	80	25	50	15	5	5	10	0	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	140	40	100	45	20	25	25	10	15
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	175	25	155	45	10	35	15	0	15
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,490	...	...	285	...	...	140	...	...
2 persons	665	...	...	175	...	...	60	...	...
3 persons	645	...	...	50	...	...	35	...	...
4 persons	800	...	...	40	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	385	...	...	25	...	...	15	...	...
Average size of census families	3.4	...	...	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.0	...	...	1.7	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,495	...	...	290	...	...	135	...	...
Total couple families	2,230	...	...	245	...	...	120	...	...
Married couples	2,145	...	...	210	...	...	100	...	...
With children⁶	1,655	...	...	90	...	...	65	...	...
Without children	490	...	...	120	...	...	35	...	...
Common-law couples	90	...	...	35	...	...	20	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
Without children	45	...	...	25	...	...	15	...	...
Total one-parent families	260	...	...	40	...	...	20	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	220	...	...	30	...	...	15	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	45	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	9,295	4,635	4,660	920	450	465	480	245	235
Total - Persons in census families	8,535	4,260	4,280	770	390	385	420	220	200
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,465	2,230	2,235	490	245	245	240	120	120
Parents in one-parent families	260	45	215	40	10	35	15	5	15
Children⁶	3,810	1,985	1,830	240	135	110	160	100	65
In a two-parent family	3,360	1,750	1,615	185	105	80	135	85	50
In a one-parent family	450	235	215	55	25	25	25	15	15
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	760	380	380	145	60	80	55	30	30
Living alone	120	75	40	105	40	60	30	10	20
Living with other relatives⁷	450	195	260	20	5	15	10	0	5
Living with non-relatives only	185	105	80	20	15	10	20	15	10
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,370	...	...	400	...	...	175	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,610	...	...	270	...	...	125	...	...
Couple-family households	1,470	...	...	230	...	...	110	...	...
With children⁶	1,210	...	...	90	...	...	65	...	...
Without children	265	...	...	135	...	...	45	...	...
One-parent-family households	135	...	...	40	...	...	15	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	330	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	65	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	185	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	65	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
One-person households	120	...	...	105	...	...	30	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	6,650	3,285	3,365	760	360	400	395	195	200
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,225	3,100	3,125	745	355	390	375	185	190
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	43,600	33,200	44,800	51,200	39,200	50,000	56,800	44,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,225	3,100	3,125	745	355	390	375	185	190
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	39,600	31,200	39,600	44,400	36,400	45,200	49,200	40,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,465	2,860	2,600	685	330	360	360	185	175
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	41,600	23,800	36,800	45,200	28,800	44,000	49,200	40,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,090	2,660	2,430	520	265	255	280	155	125
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,800	39,600	25,400	32,800	40,400	27,000	48,000	48,400	48,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,700	2,820	2,880	680	325	355	320	155	165
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,850	3,160	10,100	11,900	10,200	12,800	6,600	4,600	8,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	970	325	645	105	45	55	35	15	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,520	6,280	5,520	4,560	6,000	6,280	x	x
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,770	1,325	1,440	220	100	120	95	50	45
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,500	9,500	10,000	9,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	6,550	3,295	3,260	750	340	410	370	160	210
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,155	3,115	3,040	720	330	395	360	155	210
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,760	49,280	38,080	52,300	60,400	45,400	62,800	74,000	54,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,155	3,115	3,040	720	330	395	360	155	210
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,600	42,680	34,360	44,900	51,400	39,600	53,000	61,000	47,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,435	2,895	2,540	670	300	365	330	155	180
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,480	46,160	31,840	44,300	53,200	36,800	58,200	67,000	50,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,075	2,700	2,380	490	230	265	255	125	125
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,840	44,760	32,120	42,400	48,000	37,200	56,400	65,000	48,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,600	2,810	2,795	660	300	360	305	115	185
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,770	7,060	12,480	12,600	12,800	12,360	10,600	8,800	11,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	925	345	580	75	20	50	30	15	15
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,100	7,480	8,480	8,400	10,000	7,400	7,600	5,000	9,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,550	1,295	1,260	235	110	125	100	35	60
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,130	8,640	9,640	8,500	8,600	8,400	8,800	7,200	9,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	6,555	3,295	3,260	750	335	410	370	160	210
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,265	1,340	925	175	85	95	75	40	35
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,600	56,400	47,200	58,400	63,600	54,400	98,000	98,000	82,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,100	61,400	48,400	70,000	77,000	63,000	100,000	100,000	95,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,045	950	1,095	190	85	100	140	70	75
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,800	22,600	15,900	27,600	29,800	26,400	21,600	28,600	21,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,360	30,100	23,120	32,800	35,000	30,800	29,600	36,000	24,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.6	87.0	69.8	78.0	80.0	75.0	86.0	92.0	80.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	73.2	78.6	66.0	54.8	55.0	55.0	64.0	74.0	54.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.3	12.9	30.2	21.9	19.2	24.8	14.4	9.2	19.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.8	1.7	4.3	1.6	1.2	2.0	1.0	0.8	1.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	9.6	7.9	11.9	5.9	4.9	7.0	4.2	2.6	5.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	8.6	7.3	10.5	5.3	4.6	6.2	3.7	2.4	5.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	6,645	3,280	3,370	760	360	395	395	195	200
Without total income	425	185	240	15	10	10	15	10	10
With total income	6,225	3,100	3,125	745	355	390	380	185	190
Under $10,000 (including loss)	660	245	415	65	30	35	25	15	10
$10,000 to $19,999	670	285	380	55	20	35	30	15	15
$20,000 to $29,999	1,010	450	560	120	50	70	50	20	30
$30,000 to $39,999	965	410	555	100	45	55	45	20	25
$40,000 to $49,999	810	405	410	75	40	40	40	20	20
$50,000 to $59,999	660	340	320	90	35	50	25	10	15
$60,000 to $69,999	465	255	215	95	40	50	30	15	15
$70,000 to $79,999	325	210	120	40	30	10	15	5	10
$80,000 to $89,999	195	145	50	30	20	15	15	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	160	125	40	10	10	5	15	10	10
$100,000 and over	295	230	65	65	40	20	85	55	30
$100,000 to $149,999	255	195	60	35	25	15	50	30	20
$150,000 and over	40	30	5	25	20	5	40	25	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	6,645	3,280	3,370	760	360	395	395	195	200
Without after-tax income	420	185	240	15	10	10	15	10	10
With after-tax income	6,225	3,100	3,125	745	355	390	380	185	190
Under $10,000 (including loss)	665	250	415	65	30	35	30	15	10
$10,000 to $19,999	685	295	390	70	25	50	35	15	20
$20,000 to $29,999	1,190	535	660	130	55	75	50	20	30
$30,000 to $39,999	1,110	510	595	110	50	60	50	25	25
$40,000 to $49,999	960	490	470	100	45	60	50	20	25
$50,000 to $59,999	640	345	295	115	60	55	35	15	20
$60,000 to $69,999	400	250	150	60	30	30	20	5	15
$70,000 to $79,999	255	190	65	25	15	5	20	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	150	115	35	20	15	10	25	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	70	50	20	5	5	0	15	5	5
$100,000 and over	100	80	25	40	25	10	55	40	15
$100,000 to $124,999	70	50	15	20	10	5	20	15	10
$125,000 and over	35	25	5	20	15	10	30	20	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	6,645	3,280	3,370	760	360	395	395	195	200
Without employment income	1,560	620	940	245	100	145	115	40	75
With employment income	5,085	2,660	2,425	520	260	255	280	150	125
Under $5,000 (including loss)	615	260	355	70	30	45	35	20	15
$5,000 to $9,999	495	190	305	60	30	35	20	15	10
$10,000 to $19,999	695	325	370	60	35	30	30	15	15
$20,000 to $29,999	615	300	315	50	20	35	30	10	20
$30,000 to $39,999	550	270	280	35	20	20	15	10	5
$40,000 to $49,999	545	275	265	55	30	30	20	10	10
$50,000 to $59,999	460	245	215	60	30	30	15	0	15
$60,000 to $69,999	325	190	135	45	25	20	10	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	250	180	70	15	10	5	5	0	5
$80,000 to $89,999	155	130	30	20	15	5	20	5	10
$90,000 to $99,999	130	100	25	5	5	0	10	5	5
$100,000 and over	245	195	50	30	20	15	70	45	25
$100,000 to $124,999	170	135	40	15	5	10	25	15	15
$125,000 and over	75	65	10	15	10	5	40	35	10
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	6,650	3,285	3,365	760	360	400	395	195	200
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,015	2,995	3,025	715	345	370	370	185	185
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	43,200	30,600	43,200	52,000	36,800	54,400	65,000	47,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,015	2,995	3,025	715	345	370	370	185	185
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	38,800	29,000	38,800	46,400	33,200	47,600	55,200	43,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,330	2,825	2,505	660	320	340	360	180	180
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	44,000	29,600	40,800	48,000	32,400	50,400	56,800	44,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,045	2,670	2,380	505	260	245	280	155	130
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	41,200	30,400	39,600	45,200	33,200	50,000	54,400	46,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,410	2,670	2,735	655	315	340	310	155	155
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,160	940	4,400	5,440	1,680	7,200	1,110	930	2,860
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	600	180	420	55	25	25	25	10	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,150	5,440	8,300	6,200	6,200	5,880	5,800	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	6,550	3,295	3,260	750	340	410	370	160	210
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,945	2,995	2,945	700	315	380	340	140	195
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,840	48,280	35,280	53,600	66,000	43,600	68,000	88,000	54,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,945	2,995	2,945	700	315	380	340	140	195
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,720	41,600	31,760	45,600	55,200	37,800	56,400	70,000	46,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,250	2,850	2,400	640	285	355	325	140	180
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,360	48,520	35,080	50,400	65,000	38,800	64,000	82,000	49,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,000	2,700	2,305	480	220	260	255	125	130
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,440	46,920	35,040	47,600	57,200	39,600	62,000	80,000	45,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,295	2,605	2,690	650	290	360	295	125	175
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,936	2,490	7,300	8,100	8,100	8,080	7,400	6,200	8,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	595	180	420	45	15	30	30	0	20
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,960	7,650	9,560	7,400	3,200	9,500	6,400	...	6,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	6,555	3,295	3,260	750	335	410	370	160	210
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,215	1,310	905	170	80	95	75	40	35
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,400	56,400	43,200	56,400	72,000	49,600	79,500	111,000	53,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,800	60,550	46,500	66,500	74,000	60,000	88,000	100,000	68,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,895	940	960	185	80	105	140	60	75
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,800	29,000	25,800	39,600	48,000	34,400	28,200	33,200	27,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,640	35,800	29,550	43,600	54,000	36,000	41,000	50,000	33,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	89.4	95.6	81.2	86.0	88.0	82.0	90.0	92.0	86.0
Employment income (%)	83.4	87.4	77.8	60.8	60.0	62.0	68.0	78.0	56.0
Government transfers (%)	10.5	4.5	18.9	14.1	11.4	17.6	9.6	6.2	13.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	0.9	3.8	0.9	0.2	1.8	0.9	x	1.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,370	...	...	405	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	71,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	120	...	...	105	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,800	...	...	58,400	...	...	47,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,400	...	...	49,200	...	...	43,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,255	...	...	295	...	...	145	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	152,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,380	...	...	400	...	...	170	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	113,200	...	...	94,800	...	...	131,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	99,800	...	...	81,600	...	...	111,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	115	...	...	105	...	...	40	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	59,000	...	...	60,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,000	...	...	50,000	...	...	50,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,265	...	...	295	...	...	125	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	107,000	...	...	154,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,400	...	...	93,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,370	...	...	405	...	...	175	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	115	...	...	35	...	...	5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	140	...	...	55	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	205	...	...	30	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	220	...	...	30	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	215	...	...	25	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,300	...	...	145	...	...	110	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	490	...	...	45	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	325	...	...	40	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	325	...	...	25	...	...	25	...	...
$200,000 and over	150	...	...	30	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,370	...	...	405	...	...	175	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	40	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	45	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	55	...	...	20	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	130	...	...	55	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	225	...	...	50	...	...	5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	270	...	...	35	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	260	...	...	35	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	275	...	...	20	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	995	...	...	120	...	...	95	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	455	...	...	55	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	245	...	...	25	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	295	...	...	40	...	...	60	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,255	...	...	290	...	...	135	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	148,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	4.0	...	...	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	300	...	...	140	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,675	...	...	105	...	...	75	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	204,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	162,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.5	...	...	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	185	...	...	40	...	...	15	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	66,000	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	61,200	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	3.1	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	305	185	125	125	55	70	50	20	25
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,800	38,800	38,400	52,800	50,400	58,400	44,400	44,400	43,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	34,800	34,000	46,400	44,000	51,600	41,200	41,200	40,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,265	...	...	295	...	...	130	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,300	...	...	106,000	...	...	154,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	340	...	...	155	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	101,600	...	...	106,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,800	...	...	92,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,640	...	...	90	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,400	...	...	124,000	...	...	195,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,800	...	...	106,000	...	...	165,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	185	...	...	35	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	60,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	56,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	305	195	110	120	35	80	50	0	30
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,400	46,000	36,500	56,000	52,000	58,000	56,000	x	60,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	39,600	32,000	48,000	44,000	50,000	48,000	x	48,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	9,295	4,635	4,660	915	450	465	475	245	230
0 to 17 years	2,975	1,520	1,455	180	95	85	105	65	40
0 to 5 years	1,235	650	585	65	40	25	30	25	10
18 to 64 years	5,905	2,915	2,995	495	240	260	295	145	145
65 years and over	410	200	210	240	115	125	80	35	50
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	620	295	325	95	50	45	20	10	15
0 to 17 years	275	135	140	30	20	15	5	0	0
0 to 5 years	95	45	50	15	10	5	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	320	155	165	50	25	25	15	5	5
65 years and over	25	10	15	15	5	10	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.7	6.4	6.9	10.4	11.2	9.6	4.0	3.0	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	9.3	8.8	9.8	18.0	20.0	16.0	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	7.8	7.0	8.4	24.0	28.0	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	5.4	5.2	5.6	10.4	11.0	9.5	4.0	5.0	3.0
65 years and over (%)	6.0	5.0	7.0	4.5	3.0	6.0	5.0	x	8.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	9,295	4,635	4,660	920	450	465	480	250	230
0 to 17 years	2,975	1,520	1,455	175	95	80	100	60	40
0 to 5 years	1,240	650	585	65	35	30	35	20	10
18 to 64 years	5,910	2,915	2,990	495	235	260	295	150	145
65 years and over	415	200	215	245	120	125	80	35	45
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	295	150	145	60	35	25	15	5	5
0 to 17 years	100	50	45	20	10	5	5	0	5
0 to 5 years	40	25	20	10	5	0	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	190	95	90	35	20	15	10	5	5
65 years and over	10	5	5	10	0	5	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.2	3.3	3.1	6.2	7.2	5.2	3.2	3.0	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	3.5	3.5	3.4	10.0	12.0	8.0	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	3.2	3.2	3.2	12.0	16.0	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	3.1	3.3	3.0	6.8	8.0	6.0	3.6	4.0	3.0
65 years and over (%)	2.4	2.0	3.0	2.5	x	x	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	9,295	4,635	4,660	915	450	465	475	245	230
In bottom half of the distribution	5,410	2,665	2,745	495	245	250	110	55	55
In bottom decile	545	265	280	75	45	35	20	10	10
In second decile	870	425	440	100	45	55	20	5	10
In third decile	1,260	605	655	90	45	45	25	10	10
In fourth decile	1,385	685	700	120	55	60	20	10	10
In fifth decile	1,350	685	665	110	55	55	25	10	10
In top half of the distribution	3,885	1,970	1,910	420	205	215	370	190	180
In sixth decile	1,185	615	570	100	50	50	45	25	20
In seventh decile	1,080	545	535	70	35	40	35	15	20
In eighth decile	925	455	470	95	50	45	75	35	35
In ninth decile	495	255	235	80	40	40	75	45	35
In top decile	205	100	100	75	30	40	140	75	65
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	9,295	...	...	920	...	...	480	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.229	...	...	0.317	...	...	0.350	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.332	...	...	0.418	...	...	0.416	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.208	...	...	0.281	...	...	0.295	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.6	...	...	3.4	...	...	4.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	9,295	4,635	4,660	920	450	465	480	250	230
English only	8,350	4,200	4,155	865	425	440	430	225	205
French only	15	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	195	100	100	35	20	15	50	20	25
Neither English nor French	730	330	395	15	5	10	0	0	0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	9,295	4,635	4,660	920	450	465	480	250	230
English	8,490	4,265	4,220	895	440	450	465	240	225
French	60	25	30	10	5	5	10	0	5
English and French	35	15	15	5	0	0	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	715	320	390	15	5	10	0	0	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	9,295	4,635	4,660	920	450	465	480	250	230
Single responses	8,065	4,010	4,050	840	420	420	465	245	220
Official languages	1,985	980	1,005	575	290	290	420	225	190
English	1,945	965	980	570	285	285	410	225	190
French	40	15	20	10	5	5	10	5	5
Non-official languages	6,080	3,030	3,050	260	130	130	45	15	30
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	6,080	3,030	3,050	260	130	130	45	15	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	175	90	90	5	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	20	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	155	80	80	5	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	50	15	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	95	55	45	5	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	515	235	275	105	50	55	0	0	0
Bikol	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	15	15	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	425	190	235	90	45	45	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	95	50	45	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	45	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,080	2,550	2,525	110	55	55	40	15	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	10	50	20	30	20	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	15	10	50	20	30	20	10	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	5	20	10	10
Russian	15	5	5	20	10	10	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	15	10	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	5	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	5	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	10	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	10	0	5
German	0	0	0	5	5	0	10	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	4,955	2,485	2,470	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	4,745	2,390	2,355	20	10	10	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	100	50	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	230	120	115	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	280	145	140	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kacchi	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	130	70	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,135	1,590	1,545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	15	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	800	385	420	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	210	95	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	30	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	95	45	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	85	40	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	70	30	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	50	45	35	20	15	5	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	5	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Spanish	80	45	35	25	15	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	5	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	25	15	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages	45	25	25	15	10	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	5	10	10	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	15	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,230	625	605	75	30	45	15	10	5
English and French	10	10	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	1,135	575	560	70	30	45	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	70	35	35	5	0	0	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	9,295	4,635	4,660	920	450	465	480	250	230
English	1,715	855	865	585	295	290	440	230	210
French	20	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	2,455	1,210	1,245	50	25	25	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	2,455	1,210	1,245	50	25	25	0	0	0
English and French	35	20	15	5	0	5	10	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	4,745	2,380	2,360	260	125	135	30	10	20
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	20	35	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	270	140	130	10	5	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	9,295	4,635	4,660	920	450	465	480	250	230
Single responses	8,055	4,015	4,035	825	405	415	465	240	225
Official languages	2,925	1,445	1,485	660	330	330	455	235	220
English	2,905	1,435	1,475	665	330	330	455	235	220
French	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	5,120	2,575	2,550	160	75	85	10	5	5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	5,120	2,575	2,550	160	75	85	10	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	125	60	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	105	50	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	70	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	325	155	170	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	5	10	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	290	135	155	50	25	30	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	80	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,500	2,265	2,235	60	30	35	5	5	5
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	30	10	20	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	10	30	10	20	5	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Russian	10	0	5	10	5	10	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	4,420	2,230	2,190	10	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	4,255	2,155	2,100	10	5	0	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	70	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	180	95	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	250	135	120	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kacchi	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	105	60	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,895	1,475	1,425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	705	345	365	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	165	75	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	75	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	65	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	60	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	30	35	15	10	10	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	55	25	25	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	15	20	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages	35	15	15	20	10	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	15	10	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,245	620	625	95	40	50	10	5	5
English and French	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	1,195	595	600	90	45	45	5	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	9,295	4,635	4,660	915	450	470	475	245	235
None	5,185	2,570	2,615	715	355	355	455	235	215
English	1,915	975	945	85	40	45	10	5	5
French	30	15	20	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-official language	1,435	705	730	90	40	50	15	5	5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	1,435	705	730	85	40	50	15	5	5
English and French	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	500	260	245	25	10	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	25	5	15	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	185	100	85	0	0	0	5	5	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	9,240	4,700	4,540	890	415	475	420	195	225
Official languages	8,595	4,435	4,160	890	415	475	420	195	225
English	8,560	4,415	4,140	890	415	475	420	195	225
French	265	150	115	50	30	15	35	15	25
Non-official languages	8,165	4,130	4,035	400	170	225	75	15	60
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	8,165	4,130	4,035	400	170	225	75	15	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	340	180	165	20	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	305	150	160	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	125	40	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	150	90	60	10	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	55	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	125	50	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	115	45	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	815	410	410	115	40	75	35	10	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	55	35	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	815	410	410	115	40	75	35	10	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	60	25	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	205	115	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	145	80	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,485	3,270	3,215	210	90	115	45	10	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	20	70	20	45	15	0	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	20	20	70	20	45	15	0	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	25	0	25	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	15	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	30	20	10	15	0	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	0	30	20	10	10	0	10
German	10	0	0	30	20	10	10	0	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	6,310	3,190	3,120	35	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	6,115	3,095	3,020	35	15	20	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	135	65	70	15	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	425	225	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	1,935	975	960	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	45	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	170	90	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	4,025	2,050	1,975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	1,465	720	740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	50	30	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	310	160	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	165	85	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	105	50	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	90	45	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	235	120	120	85	40	45	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	200	105	100	60	35	30	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	150	90	65	50	20	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	35	25	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	75	45	30	25	15	20	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,235	4,700	4,535	890	415	475	420	195	220
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	25	10	20	10	10	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	25	10	15	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	15	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	9,210	4,690	4,520	885	405	475	405	185	215
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,235	4,700	4,535	890	415	475	420	195	220
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,225	4,690	4,535	890	415	475	420	195	220
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,380	...	...	395	...	...	170	...	...
Owner	2,140	...	...	295	...	...	155	...	...
Renter	235	...	...	105	...	...	20	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,380	...	...	395	...	...	170	...	...
Condominium	365	...	...	265	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	2,020	...	...	130	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,380	...	...	395	...	...	170	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	85	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	235	...	...	320	...	...	35	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,410	...	...	60	...	...	50	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	635	...	...	0	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,380	...	...	395	...	...	170	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	875	...	...	205	...	...	15	...	...
5 rooms	690	...	...	60	...	...	15	...	...
6 rooms	485	...	...	65	...	...	30	...	...
7 rooms	145	...	...	60	...	...	20	...	...
8 or more rooms	185	...	...	10	...	...	90	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.2	...	...	4.8	...	...	7.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,380	...	...	395	...	...	170	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,020	...	...	380	...	...	170	...	...
More than one person per room	355	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,380	...	...	395	...	...	170	...	...
Suitable	2,020	...	...	350	...	...	165	...	...
Not suitable	365	...	...	50	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,380	...	...	395	...	...	170	...	...
1960 or before	10	...	...	0	...	...	105	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...	0	...	...	45	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	35	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	15	...	...	30	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...	250	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	400	...	...	70	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,935	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,380	...	...	395	...	...	170	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,325	...	...	395	...	...	135	...	...
Major repairs needed	50	...	...	0	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,380	...	...	395	...	...	170	...	...
One-maintainer household	730	...	...	215	...	...	95	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,305	...	...	175	...	...	70	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	345	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,380	...	...	395	...	...	170	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	640	...	...	60	...	...	15	...	...
35 to 44 years	960	...	...	80	...	...	35	...	...
45 to 54 years	465	...	...	55	...	...	30	...	...
55 to 64 years	210	...	...	55	...	...	45	...	...
65 to 74 years	65	...	...	80	...	...	10	...	...
75 to 84 years	15	...	...	45	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	20	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,380	...	...	400	...	...	175	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,665	...	...	305	...	...	150	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	715	...	...	90	...	...	25	...	...
30% to less than 100%	685	...	...	90	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,380	...	...	400	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,050	...	...	130	...	...	55	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	640	...	...	80	...	...	10	...	...
Not suitable only	290	...	...	35	...	...	0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	50	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	70	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,325	...	...	270	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,345	...	...	400	...	...	170	...	...
In core need	140	...	...	55	...	...	0	...	...
Not in core need	2,205	...	...	345	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,145	...	...	295	...	...	150	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	95.3	...	...	47.5	...	...	63.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.6	...	...	22.0	...	...	13.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.0	...	...	8.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,200	...	...	840	...	...	1,780	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,230	...	...	1,180	...	...	1,840	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	448,000	...	...	384,000	...	...	624,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	461,200	...	...	392,000	...	...	680,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	235	...	...	105	...	...	15	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	31.9	...	...	28.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.4	...	...	23.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,760	...	...	1,350	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,780	...	...	1,480	...	...	1,400	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	9,235	4,695	4,535	895	420	480	420	195	225
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	45	15	25	10	0	0	25	10	10
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	45	15	25	10	0	0	25	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	10	10	0	0	0	25	10	10
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	9,195	4,680	4,510	880	410	475	395	185	210
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	9,235	4,700	4,535	895	415	480	420	195	225
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	6,070	3,090	2,980	725	345	380	410	190	220
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,640	1,360	1,280	125	65	60	70	45	25
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,425	1,730	1,695	605	285	320	335	145	190
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	3,165	1,610	1,555	165	65	100	10	0	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	9,235	4,700	4,535	895	415	480	420	195	225
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	2,955	1,555	1,405	485	235	245	345	175	170
Immigrants⁸¹	5,900	2,930	2,970	400	175	220	80	20	50
Before 1980	60	30	35	60	30	25	30	0	25
1980 to 1990	110	65	45	25	0	25	10	0	10
1991 to 2000	575	290	285	30	15	10	10	0	0
2001 to 2010	1,670	795	865	90	45	45	0	0	0
2011 to 2021⁸²	3,490	1,755	1,740	190	80	115	35	15	20
2011 to 2015	1,760	890	870	70	25	45	0	0	0
2016 to 2021	1,730	865	865	125	55	65	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	385	215	165	10	0	10	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	5,900	2,930	2,970	400	175	220	75	25	55
Under 5 years	410	220	185	10	15	0	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	735	415	325	70	25	40	20	0	20
15 to 24 years	1,195	515	675	65	40	25	20	0	15
25 to 44 years	2,845	1,465	1,380	215	85	130	35	15	25
45 years and over	720	315	400	40	20	15	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	5,900	2,930	2,970	400	175	220	75	25	55
Americas	170	80	95	55	25	35	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	35	15	20	20	0	15	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	35	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	25	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	20	10	15	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Europe	60	25	35	110	50	60	40	10	30
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	30	15	15	20	0	15
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	15	20	10	15	0	0	0
Africa	395	210	185	55	25	30	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	55	20	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	125	75	55	40	15	25	0	0	0
Somalia	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	165	100	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	5,265	2,610	2,655	175	75	100	30	15	20
Afghanistan	80	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	30	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	765	375	395	115	45	70	30	15	20
Viet Nam	60	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	85	45	40	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	3,175	1,595	1,575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	770	360	410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	50	30	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	220	105	110	20	15	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	1,725	860	865	125	60	70	0	0	0
Americas	60	30	30	20	10	10	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	25	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	120	65	60	30	10	20	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	85	50	35	30	10	20	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	1,525	765	755	60	25	35	0	0	0
Afghanistan	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	1,125	590	530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	45	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	100	30	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	200	90	105	40	20	25	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	9,240	4,700	4,540	890	415	475	420	195	225
First generation¹⁰⁰	6,320	3,165	3,150	415	180	235	75	20	55
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,685	1,415	1,270	200	105	95	100	40	60
Third generation or more¹⁰²	235	115	115	275	130	155	245	130	115
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	5,835	2,900	2,935	340	145	195	50	20	30
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	3,065	1,670	1,395	230	105	125	45	20	25
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	1,375	855	520	110	50	60	20	0	15
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	1,695	820	875	120	55	65	25	15	10
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	2,125	920	1,205	55	15	40	0	0	0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	545	270	280	50	25	30	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	95	45	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	5,835	2,900	2,935	340	145	195	50	20	30
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	255	160	95	30	10	15	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	605	290	320	50	0	45	15	0	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	50	35	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	470	290	175	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	4,445	2,130	2,320	235	105	130	25	10	15
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	9,235	4,700	4,535	890	415	475	420	195	225
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	8,910	4,525	4,390	335	145	185	50	20	30
South Asian	6,570	3,335	3,230	35	20	20	0	0	0
Chinese	30	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black	680	320	355	80	30	50	0	0	0
Filipino	970	505	465	150	65	90	35	20	20
Arab	125	70	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin American	125	55	70	45	20	25	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	190	80	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Asian	110	65	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	35	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	75	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	325	175	145	560	270	290	375	180	200
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	9,235	4,700	4,540	890	415	475	420	195	225
Canadian	475	230	250	50	40	15	55	30	25
English	65	45	15	170	90	80	75	40	35
Irish	70	35	35	85	50	35	95	35	60
Scottish	70	45	20	75	35	35	105	50	55
French, n.o.s.¹²²	55	30	20	75	40	35	15	10	10
German	55	35	20	110	50	55	85	30	55
Chinese	70	45	25	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italian	20	15	10	10	0	0	20	10	0
Indian (India)	2,825	1,395	1,430	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	75	30	45	30	10	20
Dutch	15	15	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	40	0	40	10	10	10
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	35	20	15	55	30	20
Filipino	885	445	440	140	65	85	35	15	20
French Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	20	10	15	10	10	0	25	10	15
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	10	10	15	10	0	10	0	10
Welsh	0	0	0	20	0	10	15	0	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American	25	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	50	15	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	10	15	10	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	1,215	610	610	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	175	70	105	35	15	25	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	905	465	440	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	150	60	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaican	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	125	75	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanese	50	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	15	0	10	15	0	10
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	1,040	535	505	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	40	15	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	365	190	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	70	45	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	135	60	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Muslim	210	115	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombian	15	0	15	25	10	10	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	110	70	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	90	40	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	70	35	35	35	10	20	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	75	25	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	30	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	105	45	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	40	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	125	55	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	140	75	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	75	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	30	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	40	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	45	15	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	9,235	4,700	4,535	895	415	475	420	195	225
Buddhist	55	20	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian	1,910	960	950	600	275	320	220	90	130
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	470	235	235	85	45	40	10	0	0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	15	10	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Baptist	20	10	10	25	20	0	0	0	0
Catholic	965	490	475	300	140	165	140	65	70
Christian Orthodox	80	45	40	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	35	0	30	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	105	55	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	45	20	20	20	0	15
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	155	70	85	50	20	25	25	0	20
Hindu	1,230	640	595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	2,075	1,060	1,020	40	15	25	0	0	0
Sikh	3,420	1,730	1,690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	25	10	15	10	0	10	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	515	285	230	230	115	115	200	105	95
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	9,000	4,560	4,440	885	410	480	420	190	225
Non-movers	7,005	3,540	3,465	735	340	395	410	190	215
Movers	2,000	1,025	975	150	70	85	15	0	10
Non-migrants	1,645	820	825	75	30	50	15	0	10
Migrants	355	205	150	70	35	35	0	0	0
Internal migrants	290	170	120	60	30	30	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	115	65	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	170	110	65	55	30	30	0	0	0
External migrants	70	35	30	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	8,165	4,065	4,095	840	380	460	410	190	220
Non-movers	1,550	730	815	430	205	225	325	150	175
Movers	6,615	3,335	3,280	410	170	235	85	40	45
Non-migrants	4,440	2,220	2,225	270	115	155	70	30	40
Migrants	2,175	1,120	1,055	145	60	85	15	10	10
Internal migrants	930	500	430	70	30	40	15	10	10
Intraprovincial migrants	270	145	125	50	20	30	10	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	655	355	305	15	10	10	10	0	0
External migrants	1,245	615	625	75	30	45	0	0	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,555	3,295	3,260	750	340	410	370	160	210
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,235	575	655	85	40	50	75	25	50
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,320	2,720	2,605	660	300	365	295	135	160
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,200	2,540	2,660	440	175	260	220	100	125
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	720	320	400	30	0	20	15	0	10
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,485	2,220	2,260	410	170	245	210	95	115
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,555	3,295	3,260	750	340	405	370	160	210
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,160	540	615	75	35	40	60	25	35
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,695	985	710	195	95	100	95	50	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,700	1,770	1,925	475	210	270	215	85	125
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,265	620	645	250	105	140	100	45	55
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	170	100	70	30	30	0	30	25	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	85	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	95	75	20	30	30	0	25	15	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	800	380	420	170	45	125	55	20	35
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	285	135	150	50	30	15	15	0	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,435	1,150	1,285	225	100	120	115	40	70
Bachelor's degree	1,565	760	805	160	75	90	90	35	50
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	125	55	65	10	0	10	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	30	25	10	0	10	10	0	10
Master's degree	680	300	380	40	30	15	15	10	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,205	2,540	2,665	435	175	265	225	100	120
No certificate, diploma or degree	660	285	370	20	0	20	0	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,175	670	510	105	50	60	50	25	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,370	1,585	1,785	310	125	185	170	70	100
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,080	525	550	150	60	90	65	30	35
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	145	80	65	15	15	0	20	20	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	70	30	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	70	55	20	15	15	0	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	675	320	355	110	25	85	35	10	25
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	250	125	130	20	15	10	10	0	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,295	1,065	1,235	165	65	95	105	45	60
Bachelor's degree	1,455	695	765	115	45	65	80	35	50
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	110	50	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	30	20	10	0	10	10	0	10
Master's degree	655	280	370	35	20	15	15	0	10
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,555	3,295	3,260	745	340	405	370	160	210
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,855	1,525	1,330	270	130	140	155	75	80
Education	145	20	120	35	0	35	15	0	15
13. Education	145	20	120	35	0	35	15	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	25	20	15	0	15	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	20	15	15	0	15	10	0	0
Humanities	345	120	225	15	15	0	15	0	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	15	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	220	75	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	270	105	165	30	0	30	35	10	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	0	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	20	25	15	0	15	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	20	10	15	0	0	0	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	120	60	60	0	0	0	15	10	10
Business, management and public administration	895	445	450	130	60	70	50	20	25
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	865	440	425	125	60	70	45	20	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	210	95	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	75	25	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	30	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	45	30	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	340	185	155	20	0	15	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	310	175	135	15	0	15	10	10	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	650	530	125	120	100	25	40	30	10
04. Architecture and related services	20	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	365	290	80	65	50	15	0	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	160	125	30	25	15	0	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	35	35	0	20	20	0	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	55	55	0	15	15	0	10	0	0
48. Precision production	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	50	40	15	15	0	10	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	45	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	665	155	515	80	15	65	30	0	25
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	630	125	500	75	10	65	25	0	20
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	80	45	35	10	10	0	10	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	40	10	30	10	10	0	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,200	2,540	2,665	435	170	265	225	100	125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,830	955	875	125	50	80	55	30	25
Education	130	20	110	10	0	10	15	0	15
13. Education	130	20	110	10	0	10	15	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	25	20	0	0	0	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	20	15	0	0	0	10	0	0
Humanities	325	115	205	10	10	0	15	0	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	10	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	205	75	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	245	100	145	20	0	20	30	10	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	0	25	0	0	0	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	40	15	25	10	0	10	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	105	55	55	0	0	0	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	830	410	415	105	40	60	40	20	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	800	400	400	100	40	55	35	20	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	165	80	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	25	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	35	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	320	175	145	15	0	10	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	300	165	125	15	0	10	10	10	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	575	455	115	70	55	15	30	25	0
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	320	250	75	40	25	15	0	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	155	125	35	0	0	0	15	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	25	25	0	10	10	0	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	35	10	10	0	10	10	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	635	145	490	55	10	50	15	0	15
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	595	120	480	50	0	50	10	0	10
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	60	35	30	0	0	0	10	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	30	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,200	2,540	2,665	435	170	265	225	100	125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,830	955	875	125	50	80	55	30	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,375	1,585	1,785	310	125	185	170	75	95
Location of study inside Canada	1,075	470	605	145	65	85	140	60	75
Same as province or territory of residence	700	290	415	110	35	70	110	35	75
Different than province or territory of residence	375	185	190	40	30	15	25	25	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	2,300	1,110	1,185	160	60	105	30	10	20
Americas	70	40	30	30	20	15	10	10	0
United States of America	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	20	10	10	15	10	10	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	85	55	35	20	10	10	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45	30	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	65	35	40	35	20	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	30	20	15	30	10	20	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	2,060	980	1,090	80	15	65	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	375	165	210	50	10	40	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	1,275	620	665	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	255	120	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	80	50	25	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	6,555	3,295	3,260	750	340	405	370	160	210
In the labour force	4,840	2,620	2,215	445	200	250	220	105	115
Employed	4,370	2,415	1,945	375	165	205	200	95	105
Unemployed	475	205	270	75	30	40	20	10	10
Not in the labour force	1,715	675	1,045	305	140	165	150	55	95
Participation rate	73.8	79.5	67.9	59.3	58.8	61.7	59.5	65.6	54.8
Employment rate	66.7	73.3	59.7	50.0	48.5	50.6	54.1	59.4	50.0
Unemployment rate	9.8	7.8	12.2	16.9	15.0	16.0	9.1	9.5	8.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	6,555	3,295	3,260	745	340	405	370	160	210
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,985	835	1,150	355	160	200	135	50	90
Worked	4,570	2,460	2,115	390	180	210	235	110	120
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,365	1,415	950	185	85	95	80	45	35
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,205	1,045	1,165	205	95	110	150	65	80
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.4	42.4	38.1	39.7	38.4	40.8	38.8	40.0	37.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,840	2,625	2,220	440	200	245	220	110	115
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95	40	55	10	10	0	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,740	2,585	2,165	435	190	245	220	110	115
Employee	4,070	2,040	2,025	380	160	220	175	90	85
Permanent position	3,505	1,805	1,700	320	135	185	135	75	65
Temporary position	560	240	325	60	30	35	40	15	25
Fixed term (1 year or more)	180	80	105	25	10	15	0	0	0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	380	160	225	35	15	15	35	15	20
Self-employed¹⁹²	670	540	135	55	30	25	45	20	25
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,840	2,625	2,220	440	200	245	220	110	115
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95	40	55	10	10	0	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,740	2,585	2,165	435	190	245	220	110	115
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	690	280	415	100	20	85	45	15	30
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	345	265	80	45	35	0	45	35	10
3 Health occupations	450	70	375	30	0	30	30	0	30
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	300	55	250	50	10	35	10	0	10
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	40	20	20	0	0	0	10	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	1,340	590	750	115	55	65	45	15	25
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,360	1,180	185	60	50	10	35	35	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	10	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	185	100	85	25	10	15	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,840	2,625	2,220	440	200	245	220	110	115
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95	40	55	10	10	0	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	4,740	2,585	2,165	435	190	245	220	110	115
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	265	245	20	15	10	0	25	25	0
31-33 Manufacturing	170	105	60	35	20	15	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	110	70	40	20	15	10	15	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	710	370	335	50	25	30	10	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	945	745	200	25	15	10	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	70	45	30	10	10	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	185	75	105	20	0	15	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	70	50	15	10	0	10	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	320	195	125	60	25	30	55	30	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	275	150	125	15	0	10	0	0	0
61 Educational services	200	50	150	15	0	10	15	0	15
62 Health care and social assistance	630	100	530	80	0	80	35	0	25
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	425	180	250	25	10	10	20	10	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	160	80	80	10	10	0	15	0	10
91 Public administration	130	60	65	15	10	0	0	0	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,175	2,790	2,390	450	210	245	255	120	140
English	4,365	2,340	2,020	430	200	230	255	120	135
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	125	65	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	125	65	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	665	370	290	20	0	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,175	2,790	2,390	450	210	245	255	120	140
Single responses	5,030	2,695	2,340	445	210	245	255	120	140
Official languages	4,805	2,550	2,255	445	210	245	255	120	140
English	4,805	2,550	2,255	445	210	245	255	120	140
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	225	140	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	225	140	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	210	135	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	200	125	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	195	125	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	180	120	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	150	95	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	140	95	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,175	2,790	2,390	450	210	245	255	120	140
None	4,625	2,495	2,125	440	200	235	255	120	135
English	95	70	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	345	185	165	15	0	15	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	345	185	165	15	0	15	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	100	30	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,365	2,415	1,945	370	165	205	200	95	105
Worked at home	650	365	285	90	30	55	60	20	35
Worked outside Canada	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	910	680	240	60	40	20	35	25	15
Usual place of work	2,795	1,375	1,420	220	85	130	105	50	55
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,795	1,375	1,420	220	90	130	105	50	50
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,290	1,080	1,210	185	70	110	95	45	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	460	250	210	25	10	10	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	35	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	15	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,710	2,050	1,655	280	130	150	140	75	65
Car, truck or van	3,275	1,890	1,380	245	115	130	135	75	60
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,020	1,805	1,215	210	105	105	135	75	60
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	250	85	165	35	0	30	0	0	0
Public transit	345	125	225	20	10	15	0	0	0
Walked	20	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	75	35	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,710	2,050	1,655	280	130	150	140	75	65
Less than 15 minutes	720	390	335	65	20	35	40	15	25
15 to 29 minutes	1,690	950	745	105	35	75	65	45	25
30 to 44 minutes	970	550	420	85	60	25	30	20	15
45 to 59 minutes	155	65	90	15	0	10	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	170	95	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,710	2,050	1,655	280	130	150	140	75	65
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	270	165	105	30	15	20	10	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	555	255	300	40	30	15	20	15	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	680	345	335	55	30	25	30	10	15
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	620	370	255	35	20	20	25	20	10
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	565	315	250	55	20	40	50	10	40
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,010	600	410	60	25	35	10	10	0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,010	1,535	1,475	180	95	85	105	65	45
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	90	40	50	5	0	5	20	15	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,925	1,505	1,425	175	95	80	85	50	35
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,910	945	960	120	65	55	75	40	30
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60	25	35	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35	15	20	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	10	15	0	0	0	5	5	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,850	920	925	115	65	55	60	30	25

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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