Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062516More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48061570More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	9,296	...	...	1,351	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,438	...	...	641	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,370	...	...	600	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	901.1	...	...	5,494.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	10.32	...	...	0.25	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	9,295	4,635	4,660	1,350	675	680
0 to 14 years	2,650	1,355	1,295	225	105	115
0 to 4 years	1,050	560	485	70	30	40
5 to 9 years	895	450	440	70	40	35
10 to 14 years	715	345	365	80	40	35
15 to 64 years	6,235	3,080	3,155	950	480	470
15 to 19 years	515	265	250	75	40	30
20 to 24 years	530	260	265	160	90	70
25 to 29 years	750	360	395	140	65	70
30 to 34 years	1,115	550	560	130	60	70
35 to 39 years	1,100	525	575	100	40	60
40 to 44 years	800	400	395	75	40	35
45 to 49 years	505	270	240	75	35	40
50 to 54 years	355	175	175	60	30	30
55 to 59 years	305	145	165	70	40	25
60 to 64 years	255	125	130	55	25	25
65 years and over	410	200	215	180	90	90
65 to 69 years	180	95	85	60	30	35
70 to 74 years	125	55	65	35	20	20
75 to 79 years	75	30	40	25	10	15
80 to 84 years	25	10	15	30	10	15
85 years and over	15	5	10	25	10	15
85 to 89 years	10	5	10	15	5	10
90 to 94 years	5	0	0	10	5	5
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	28.5	29.2	27.8	16.7	15.6	16.9
15 to 64 years	67.1	66.5	67.7	70.4	71.1	69.1
65 years and over	4.4	4.3	4.6	13.3	13.3	13.2
85 years and over	0.2	0.1	0.2	1.9	1.5	2.2
Average age of the population	29.8	29.4	30.1	36.7	36.9	36.6
Median age of the population	31.0	30.8	31.2	32.8	32.8	33.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,370	...	...	600	...	...
Single-detached house	1,665	...	...	105	...	...
Semi-detached house	95	...	...	30	...	...
Row house	565	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	35	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	10	...	...	125	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	330	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,370	...	...	600	...	...
1 person	120	...	...	215	...	...
2 persons	360	...	...	185	...	...
3 persons	470	...	...	90	...	...
4 persons	675	...	...	70	...	...
5 or more persons	745	...	...	40	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,295	4,635	4,660	1,350	675	680
Average household size	3.9	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	6,645	3,280	3,370	1,125	570	560
Married or living common-law	4,725	2,360	2,365	545	270	275
Married	4,550	2,270	2,275	445	220	225
Living common-law	180	85	90	105	50	50
Living common law - Never married	145	70	75	80	40	40
Living common law - Separated	10	5	5	5	0	5
Living common law - Divorced	20	10	10	20	10	10
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	1,925	920	1,000	580	300	285
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,525	825	700	420	235	180
Not married and not living common law - Separated	80	25	50	35	15	25
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	140	40	100	85	40	45
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	175	25	155	45	10	30
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,490	...	...	325	...	...
2 persons	665	...	...	170	...	...
3 persons	645	...	...	65	...	...
4 persons	800	...	...	65	...	...
5 or more persons	385	...	...	25	...	...
Average size of census families	3.4	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.0	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,495	...	...	320	...	...
Total couple families	2,230	...	...	260	...	...
Married couples	2,145	...	...	210	...	...
With children⁶	1,655	...	...	115	...	...
Without children	490	...	...	90	...	...
Common-law couples	90	...	...	50	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...	15	...	...
Without children	45	...	...	35	...	...
Total one-parent families	260	...	...	60	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	220	...	...	50	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	45	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	9,295	4,635	4,660	1,350	675	680
Total - Persons in census families	8,535	4,260	4,280	920	445	480
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,465	2,230	2,235	525	260	260
Parents in one-parent families	260	45	215	65	15	50
Children⁶	3,810	1,985	1,830	335	165	170
In a two-parent family	3,360	1,750	1,615	235	110	125
In a one-parent family	450	235	215	100	55	40
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	760	380	380	430	235	200
Living alone	120	75	40	215	110	105
Living with other relatives⁷	450	195	260	40	15	25
Living with non-relatives only	185	105	80	180	105	75
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,370	...	...	600	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,610	...	...	285	...	...
Couple-family households	1,470	...	...	235	...	...
With children⁶	1,210	...	...	120	...	...
Without children	265	...	...	110	...	...
One-parent-family households	135	...	...	50	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	330	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	65	...	...	5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	185	...	...	20	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	65	...	...	70	...	...
One-person households	120	...	...	215	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	6,650	3,285	3,365	1,130	565	560
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,225	3,100	3,125	1,065	530	535
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	43,600	33,200	35,600	37,600	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,225	3,100	3,125	1,070	535	535
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	39,600	31,200	32,800	35,200	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,465	2,860	2,600	960	490	475
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	41,600	23,800	26,600	32,000	23,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,090	2,660	2,430	800	415	380
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,800	39,600	25,400	26,800	30,800	23,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,700	2,820	2,880	990	485	505
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,850	3,160	10,100	7,850	6,280	9,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	970	325	645	125	70	50
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,520	6,280	5,800	6,080	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,770	1,325	1,440	410	200	205
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	6,550	3,295	3,260	1,045	510	535
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,155	3,115	3,040	990	485	500
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,760	49,280	38,080	49,800	54,600	45,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,155	3,115	3,040	995	485	505
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,600	42,680	34,360	42,700	46,400	39,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,435	2,895	2,540	880	450	425
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,480	46,160	31,840	44,900	49,000	40,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,075	2,700	2,380	735	365	365
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,840	44,760	32,120	41,600	41,400	41,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,600	2,810	2,795	925	460	470
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,770	7,060	12,480	10,520	9,880	11,160
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	925	345	580	125	70	55
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,100	7,480	8,480	7,300	7,400	7,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,550	1,295	1,260	355	190	165
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,130	8,640	9,640	8,920	8,900	9,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	6,555	3,295	3,260	1,045	510	535
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,265	1,340	925	265	155	110
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,600	56,400	47,200	62,800	62,800	60,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,100	61,400	48,400	73,500	68,000	82,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,045	950	1,095	355	155	200
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,800	22,600	15,900	19,000	22,400	18,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,360	30,100	23,120	23,500	24,800	22,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.6	87.0	69.8	80.4	83.0	77.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	73.2	78.6	66.0	61.6	56.4	68.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.3	12.9	30.2	19.8	17.0	23.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.8	1.7	4.3	1.8	1.9	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	9.6	7.9	11.9	7.2	6.8	7.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	8.6	7.3	10.5	6.5	6.3	6.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	6,645	3,280	3,370	1,125	570	560
Without total income	425	185	240	65	35	25
With total income	6,225	3,100	3,125	1,065	535	535
Under $10,000 (including loss)	660	245	415	110	60	55
$10,000 to $19,999	670	285	380	120	45	75
$20,000 to $29,999	1,010	450	560	190	90	95
$30,000 to $39,999	965	410	555	190	90	100
$40,000 to $49,999	810	405	410	120	65	60
$50,000 to $59,999	660	340	320	75	40	35
$60,000 to $69,999	465	255	215	65	30	35
$70,000 to $79,999	325	210	120	65	35	35
$80,000 to $89,999	195	145	50	40	25	15
$90,000 to $99,999	160	125	40	15	10	10
$100,000 and over	295	230	65	70	50	25
$100,000 to $149,999	255	195	60	55	40	15
$150,000 and over	40	30	5	20	10	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	6,645	3,280	3,370	1,125	570	560
Without after-tax income	420	185	240	55	35	25
With after-tax income	6,225	3,100	3,125	1,070	535	540
Under $10,000 (including loss)	665	250	415	120	65	60
$10,000 to $19,999	685	295	390	125	45	75
$20,000 to $29,999	1,190	535	660	230	110	120
$30,000 to $39,999	1,110	510	595	195	95	100
$40,000 to $49,999	960	490	470	125	65	60
$50,000 to $59,999	640	345	295	90	45	50
$60,000 to $69,999	400	250	150	80	45	35
$70,000 to $79,999	255	190	65	35	20	15
$80,000 to $89,999	150	115	35	20	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	70	50	20	25	10	10
$100,000 and over	100	80	25	35	25	10
$100,000 to $124,999	70	50	15	20	15	10
$125,000 and over	35	25	5	15	10	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	6,645	3,280	3,370	1,125	570	560
Without employment income	1,560	620	940	330	150	180
With employment income	5,085	2,660	2,425	795	415	385
Under $5,000 (including loss)	615	260	355	120	60	60
$5,000 to $9,999	495	190	305	85	35	50
$10,000 to $19,999	695	325	370	135	65	70
$20,000 to $29,999	615	300	315	85	45	40
$30,000 to $39,999	550	270	280	75	45	35
$40,000 to $49,999	545	275	265	55	35	20
$50,000 to $59,999	460	245	215	65	35	35
$60,000 to $69,999	325	190	135	50	20	30
$70,000 to $79,999	250	180	70	40	25	15
$80,000 to $89,999	155	130	30	25	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	130	100	25	15	5	10
$100,000 and over	245	195	50	50	35	10
$100,000 to $124,999	170	135	40	25	20	10
$125,000 and over	75	65	10	25	20	5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	6,650	3,285	3,365	1,130	565	560
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,015	2,995	3,025	1,040	520	520
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	43,200	30,600	33,200	36,400	31,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,015	2,995	3,025	1,040	520	520
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	38,800	29,000	30,600	32,800	28,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,330	2,825	2,505	965	495	475
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	44,000	29,600	29,200	33,600	25,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,045	2,670	2,380	800	425	380
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	41,200	30,400	28,400	31,200	26,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,410	2,670	2,735	925	450	475
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,160	940	4,400	1,190	1,040	2,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	600	180	420	70	35	35
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,150	5,440	8,300	5,560	4,680	9,200
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	6,550	3,295	3,260	1,045	510	535
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,945	2,995	2,945	980	470	505
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,840	48,280	35,280	48,700	53,800	43,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,945	2,995	2,945	980	470	505
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,720	41,600	31,760	42,000	46,200	38,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,250	2,850	2,400	895	450	445
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,360	48,520	35,080	47,100	51,000	43,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,000	2,700	2,305	730	370	360
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,440	46,920	35,040	46,100	45,400	46,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,295	2,605	2,690	855	405	455
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,936	2,490	7,300	6,400	5,920	6,840
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	595	180	420	60	25	30
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,960	7,650	9,560	5,800	4,000	7,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	6,555	3,295	3,260	1,045	510	535
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,215	1,310	905	270	155	110
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,400	56,400	43,200	57,200	56,800	57,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,800	60,550	46,500	72,500	62,000	86,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,895	940	960	340	155	190
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,800	29,000	25,800	24,400	34,400	22,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,640	35,800	29,550	31,100	36,500	26,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	89.4	95.6	81.2	88.4	91.0	86.0
Employment income (%)	83.4	87.4	77.8	70.4	66.0	76.0
Government transfers (%)	10.5	4.5	18.9	11.5	9.4	13.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	0.9	3.8	0.7	0.5	1.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,370	...	...	600	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	66,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	60,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	120	...	...	215	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,800	...	...	39,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,400	...	...	35,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,255	...	...	385	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,380	...	...	605	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	113,200	...	...	81,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	99,800	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	115	...	...	235	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,000	...	...	56,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,265	...	...	370	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,400	...	...	78,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,370	...	...	600	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	115	...	...	45	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	140	...	...	60	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	205	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	220	...	...	45	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	215	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,300	...	...	160	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	490	...	...	65	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	325	...	...	40	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	325	...	...	30	...	...
$200,000 and over	150	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,370	...	...	600	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	40	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	45	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	55	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	130	...	...	55	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	225	...	...	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	270	...	...	40	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	260	...	...	30	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	275	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	995	...	...	120	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	455	...	...	60	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	245	...	...	25	...	...
$150,000 and over	295	...	...	35	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,255	...	...	330	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	77,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	4.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	300	...	...	125	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	73,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,675	...	...	135	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.5	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	185	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	62,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	3.1	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	305	185	125	395	220	175
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,800	38,800	38,400	30,600	30,600	30,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	34,800	34,000	29,600	29,800	29,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,265	...	...	320	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,300	...	...	91,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	340	...	...	130	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	101,600	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,800	...	...	71,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,640	...	...	110	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,400	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,800	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	185	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	305	195	110	350	180	170
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,400	46,000	36,500	57,800	66,500	48,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	39,600	32,000	47,800	53,600	41,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	9,295	4,635	4,660	1,355	670	675
0 to 17 years	2,975	1,520	1,455	250	125	125
0 to 5 years	1,235	650	585	90	40	50
18 to 64 years	5,905	2,915	2,995	920	455	460
65 years and over	410	200	210	180	90	90
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	620	295	325	220	105	115
0 to 17 years	275	135	140	45	20	25
0 to 5 years	95	45	50	15	5	15
18 to 64 years	320	155	165	160	80	80
65 years and over	25	10	15	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.7	6.4	6.9	16.4	15.6	17.2
0 to 17 years (%)	9.3	8.8	9.8	18.0	14.0	22.0
0 to 5 years (%)	7.8	7.0	8.4	18.0	16.0	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.4	5.2	5.6	17.6	17.6	17.6
65 years and over (%)	6.0	5.0	7.0	8.0	6.0	8.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	9,295	4,635	4,660	1,350	675	680
0 to 17 years	2,975	1,520	1,455	255	125	125
0 to 5 years	1,240	650	585	90	40	50
18 to 64 years	5,910	2,915	2,990	915	460	460
65 years and over	415	200	215	180	90	90
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	295	150	145	205	100	105
0 to 17 years	100	50	45	30	10	20
0 to 5 years	40	25	20	10	0	10
18 to 64 years	190	95	90	170	85	85
65 years and over	10	5	5	5	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.2	3.3	3.1	15.2	15.0	15.6
0 to 17 years (%)	3.5	3.5	3.4	12.0	9.0	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	3.2	3.2	3.2	12.0	x	16.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.1	3.3	3.0	18.4	18.4	18.0
65 years and over (%)	2.4	2.0	3.0	4.0	6.0	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	9,295	4,635	4,660	1,350	675	680
In bottom half of the distribution	5,410	2,665	2,745	915	455	460
In bottom decile	545	265	280	260	125	135
In second decile	870	425	440	190	100	90
In third decile	1,260	605	655	185	90	95
In fourth decile	1,385	685	700	170	85	85
In fifth decile	1,350	685	665	105	50	55
In top half of the distribution	3,885	1,970	1,910	435	220	215
In sixth decile	1,185	615	570	105	50	55
In seventh decile	1,080	545	535	100	45	55
In eighth decile	925	455	470	80	45	30
In ninth decile	495	255	235	80	40	40
In top decile	205	100	100	75	35	35
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	9,295	...	...	1,350	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.229	...	...	0.334	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.332	...	...	0.450	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.208	...	...	0.304	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.6	...	...	4.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	9,295	4,635	4,660	1,350	675	675
English only	8,350	4,200	4,155	1,215	620	595
French only	15	5	10	0	0	0
English and French	195	100	100	110	45	65
Neither English nor French	730	330	395	20	10	15
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	9,295	4,635	4,660	1,350	675	675
English	8,490	4,265	4,220	1,305	655	650
French	60	25	30	15	5	10
English and French	35	15	15	10	5	5
Neither English nor French	715	320	390	20	10	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	9,295	4,635	4,660	1,350	675	675
Single responses	8,065	4,010	4,050	1,240	625	615
Official languages	1,985	980	1,005	785	400	390
English	1,945	965	980	765	390	380
French	40	15	20	15	10	5
Non-official languages	6,080	3,030	3,050	460	225	235
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	6,080	3,030	3,050	460	225	235
Afro-Asiatic languages	175	90	90	60	35	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	15	10	5	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	20	15	10	5	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	155	80	80	50	30	20
Amharic	50	15	30	5	5	5
Arabic	95	55	45	35	20	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	25	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	515	235	275	35	20	15
Bikol	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	20	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	15	15	10	5	5
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	425	190	235	20	15	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	10	5	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	95	50	45	5	5	5
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	20	15	5	0	5
Tamil	45	20	20	0	0	0
Telugu	15	10	5	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,080	2,550	2,525	205	100	100
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	10	30	15	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	15	10	30	15	20
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Russian	15	5	5	15	5	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
German	0	0	0	15	5	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	4,955	2,485	2,470	105	60	40
Indo-Aryan languages	4,745	2,390	2,355	50	30	20
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	100	50	50	15	5	5
Gujarati	230	120	115	20	15	5
Hindi	280	145	140	5	0	0
Kacchi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	5	10	0	0	0
Nepali	130	70	55	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,135	1,590	1,545	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	15	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	800	385	420	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	210	95	115	55	30	25
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	30	10	25	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	95	45	50	0	0	0
Persian languages	85	40	45	50	25	25
Dari	70	30	40	5	0	5
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	40	25	20
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	50	45	45	15	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	5	5	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	5	10
Romanian	5	0	0	0	5	5
Spanish	80	45	35	35	10	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	20	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	15	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ndebele	5	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	5	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	25	85	40	45
Chinese languages	45	25	25	85	40	40
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	5	45	25	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	15	30	10	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,230	625	605	110	50	60
English and French	10	10	0	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	1,135	575	560	100	45	55
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	70	35	35	5	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	9,295	4,635	4,660	1,350	675	675
English	1,715	855	865	820	415	405
French	20	5	10	5	5	5
Non-official language	2,455	1,210	1,245	145	60	80
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	2,455	1,210	1,245	145	60	80
English and French	35	20	15	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	4,745	2,380	2,360	345	175	165
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	20	35	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	270	140	130	15	5	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	9,295	4,635	4,660	1,350	675	675
Single responses	8,055	4,015	4,035	1,260	630	635
Official languages	2,925	1,445	1,485	960	480	480
English	2,905	1,435	1,475	955	480	475
French	25	10	15	5	5	5
Non-official languages	5,120	2,575	2,550	305	150	150
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	5,120	2,575	2,550	305	150	150
Afro-Asiatic languages	125	60	60	35	20	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	10	10	5	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	5	5	5	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	105	50	50	30	20	15
Amharic	30	10	15	0	0	0
Arabic	70	35	30	25	15	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	325	155	170	40	15	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	5	10	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	290	135	155	30	15	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	80	40	40	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	15	15	5	0	5
Tamil	40	20	20	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,500	2,265	2,235	115	55	55
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	20	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	10	20	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Russian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	4,420	2,230	2,190	75	45	35
Indo-Aryan languages	4,255	2,155	2,100	30	15	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	70	35	40	5	0	5
Gujarati	180	95	95	0	0	0
Hindi	250	135	120	5	0	0
Kacchi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	105	60	50	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,895	1,475	1,425	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	705	345	365	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	165	75	95	50	30	25
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	75	35	40	0	0	0
Persian languages	65	30	35	45	25	20
Dari	60	30	35	5	0	5
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	30	35	25	5	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	55	25	25	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	10	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	15	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	15	50	30	25
Chinese languages	35	15	15	50	30	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	30	15	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	20	5	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,245	620	625	90	40	45
English and French	10	10	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	1,195	595	600	85	45	45
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	9,295	4,635	4,660	1,350	675	680
None	5,185	2,570	2,615	1,050	510	535
English	1,915	975	945	120	65	55
French	30	15	20	10	5	5
Non-official language	1,435	705	730	135	70	60
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	1,435	705	730	135	70	60
English and French	10	5	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	500	260	245	20	15	10
French and non-official language(s)	25	5	15	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	185	100	85	15	5	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	9,240	4,700	4,540	1,255	610	640
Official languages	8,595	4,435	4,160	1,235	600	635
English	8,560	4,415	4,140	1,235	600	635
French	265	150	115	90	30	60
Non-official languages	8,165	4,130	4,035	635	315	320
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	8,165	4,130	4,035	635	315	320
Afro-Asiatic languages	340	180	165	110	45	60
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hausa	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	305	150	160	110	45	60
Amharic	125	40	85	0	0	0
Arabic	150	90	60	80	25	55
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	55	30	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	125	50	75	25	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	115	45	70	25	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	815	410	410	45	15	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	55	35	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	10	15	15	0	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	815	410	410	35	15	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	205	115	85	10	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	145	80	60	0	0	0
Telugu	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,485	3,270	3,215	300	160	140
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	20	85	55	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	20	20	85	55	30
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Russian	0	0	0	45	25	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	30	15	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	0	25	10	15
German	10	0	0	25	10	15
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	6,310	3,190	3,120	150	85	70
Indo-Aryan languages	6,115	3,095	3,020	110	65	50
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	135	65	70	60	35	25
Gujarati	425	225	195	0	0	0
Hindi	1,935	975	960	15	0	0
Kacchi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	45	25	15	0	0	0
Nepali	170	90	80	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	4,025	2,050	1,975	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	1,465	720	740	30	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	50	30	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	310	160	150	40	20	20
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	165	85	75	0	0	0
Persian languages	105	50	55	25	10	15
Dari	90	45	50	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	235	120	120	50	25	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	200	105	100	35	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	40	25	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	150	90	65	25	10	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	35	25	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	15	10	10	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	10	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	75	45	30	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	20	15	90	50	40
Chinese languages	30	20	10	90	50	40
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	65	45	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	20	10	50	25	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,235	4,700	4,535	1,255	610	640
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	25	10	20	25	15	10
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	25	10	15	25	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	15	0	0	20	15	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	9,210	4,690	4,520	1,230	595	635
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,235	4,700	4,535	1,255	610	640
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	10	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,225	4,690	4,535	1,255	610	640
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,380	...	...	610	...	...
Owner	2,140	...	...	230	...	...
Renter	235	...	...	380	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,380	...	...	610	...	...
Condominium	365	...	...	235	...	...
Not condominium	2,020	...	...	370	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,380	...	...	610	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	85	...	...	170	...	...
2 bedrooms	235	...	...	260	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,410	...	...	85	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	635	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,380	...	...	610	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	875	...	...	385	...	...
5 rooms	690	...	...	95	...	...
6 rooms	485	...	...	35	...	...
7 rooms	145	...	...	25	...	...
8 or more rooms	185	...	...	60	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.2	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,380	...	...	610	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,020	...	...	580	...	...
More than one person per room	355	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,380	...	...	610	...	...
Suitable	2,020	...	...	550	...	...
Not suitable	365	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,380	...	...	610	...	...
1960 or before	10	...	...	30	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...	425	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	90	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	45	...	...
2001 to 2005	15	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	400	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,935	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,380	...	...	610	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,325	...	...	585	...	...
Major repairs needed	50	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,380	...	...	610	...	...
One-maintainer household	730	...	...	355	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,305	...	...	235	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	345	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,380	...	...	610	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	50	...	...
25 to 34 years	640	...	...	125	...	...
35 to 44 years	960	...	...	90	...	...
45 to 54 years	465	...	...	105	...	...
55 to 64 years	210	...	...	100	...	...
65 to 74 years	65	...	...	70	...	...
75 to 84 years	15	...	...	20	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,380	...	...	605	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,665	...	...	355	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	715	...	...	250	...	...
30% to less than 100%	685	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,380	...	...	610	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,050	...	...	295	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	640	...	...	230	...	...
Not suitable only	290	...	...	25	...	...
Major repairs needed only	50	...	...	20	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	70	...	...	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,325	...	...	310	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,345	...	...	580	...	...
In core need	140	...	...	95	...	...
Not in core need	2,205	...	...	485	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,145	...	...	225	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	95.3	...	...	44.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.6	...	...	31.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.0	...	...	9.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,200	...	...	1,320	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,230	...	...	1,400	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	448,000	...	...	300,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	461,200	...	...	388,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	235	...	...	375	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	31.9	...	...	48.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.4	...	...	20.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,760	...	...	1,350	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,780	...	...	1,355	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	9,235	4,695	4,535	1,250	615	640
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	45	15	25	45	20	30
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	45	15	25	45	20	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	10	15	40	15	30
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	10	10	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	9,195	4,680	4,510	1,205	590	615
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	9,235	4,700	4,535	1,255	615	645
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	6,070	3,090	2,980	920	465	455
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,640	1,360	1,280	155	85	75
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,425	1,730	1,695	770	385	385
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	3,165	1,610	1,555	330	145	185
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	9,235	4,700	4,535	1,255	615	645
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	2,955	1,555	1,405	635	305	325
Immigrants⁸¹	5,900	2,930	2,970	555	280	275
Before 1980	60	30	35	50	30	20
1980 to 1990	110	65	45	60	25	35
1991 to 2000	575	290	285	55	35	20
2001 to 2010	1,670	795	865	95	50	45
2011 to 2021⁸²	3,490	1,755	1,740	290	140	155
2011 to 2015	1,760	890	870	95	60	35
2016 to 2021	1,730	865	865	190	80	115
Non-permanent residents⁸³	385	215	165	65	30	40
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	5,900	2,930	2,970	555	280	275
Under 5 years	410	220	185	65	30	35
5 to 14 years	735	415	325	130	75	50
15 to 24 years	1,195	515	675	55	40	20
25 to 44 years	2,845	1,465	1,380	255	120	135
45 years and over	720	315	400	50	20	30
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	5,900	2,930	2,970	555	280	275
Americas	170	80	95	65	35	30
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	35	15	20	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	30	10	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	35	10	20	0	0	0
Mexico	25	10	20	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	20	10	15	30	20	10
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0	15	0	0
Europe	60	25	35	95	60	40
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	15	15	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	15	0	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	25	10	10
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	10	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	15	0	0	0
Africa	395	210	185	95	55	40
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	35	15	20
Eritrea	15	0	15	30	20	10
Ethiopia	55	20	35	0	0	0
Morocco	15	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	125	75	55	15	15	0
Somalia	15	10	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	165	100	65	15	10	0
Asia	5,265	2,610	2,655	295	135	165
Afghanistan	80	35	40	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	30	20	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	30	20	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	20	10	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	765	375	395	45	20	25
Viet Nam	60	30	35	20	10	10
Bangladesh	85	45	40	35	20	15
India	3,175	1,595	1,575	15	0	10
Pakistan	770	360	410	15	10	0
Sri Lanka	50	30	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	220	105	110	75	35	35
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	10	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	1,725	860	865	195	75	115
Americas	60	30	30	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	20	10	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	25	10	20	20	10	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	20	10	10
Africa	120	65	60	65	35	30
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	30	15	20
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	85	50	35	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	1,525	765	755	110	35	80
Afghanistan	30	15	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	1,125	590	530	10	0	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	45	25	20	0	0	0
Pakistan	100	30	75	10	0	0
Philippines	200	90	105	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	15	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	30	20	10
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	9,240	4,700	4,540	1,255	610	640
First generation¹⁰⁰	6,320	3,165	3,150	630	305	315
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,685	1,415	1,270	260	125	130
Third generation or more¹⁰²	235	115	115	370	175	190
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	5,835	2,900	2,935	500	250	255
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	3,065	1,670	1,395	275	160	120
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	1,375	855	520	115	80	35
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	1,695	820	875	165	85	85
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	2,125	920	1,205	105	40	65
Refugees¹⁰⁸	545	270	280	115	50	65
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	95	45	50	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	5,835	2,900	2,935	500	250	255
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	255	160	95	20	10	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	605	290	320	20	0	20
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	50	35	20	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	470	290	175	35	30	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	4,445	2,130	2,320	425	210	215
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	9,235	4,700	4,535	1,255	610	640
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	8,910	4,525	4,390	560	270	290
South Asian	6,570	3,335	3,230	120	65	60
Chinese	30	25	10	85	50	35
Black	680	320	355	85	50	35
Filipino	970	505	465	65	15	45
Arab	125	70	50	85	25	60
Latin American	125	55	70	10	0	10
Southeast Asian	190	80	110	25	10	15
West Asian	110	65	45	45	25	20
Korean	0	0	0	30	25	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	35	25	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	75	40	30	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	325	175	145	690	340	355
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	9,235	4,700	4,540	1,255	610	645
Canadian	475	230	250	85	50	35
English	65	45	15	160	75	85
Irish	70	35	35	160	60	100
Scottish	70	45	20	115	45	75
French, n.o.s.¹²²	55	30	20	80	30	55
German	55	35	20	140	70	75
Chinese	70	45	25	90	50	40
Italian	20	15	10	50	20	25
Indian (India)	2,825	1,395	1,430	30	20	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	50	25	20
Dutch	15	15	0	40	20	25
Polish	0	0	0	55	25	30
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	30	20	10
Filipino	885	445	440	65	20	45
French Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	35	20	15	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	15	0	10
Métis	20	10	15	15	15	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	40	20	25
Russian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Norwegian	15	10	10	15	10	10
Welsh	0	0	0	20	20	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
American	25	0	15	25	20	0
Spanish	50	15	35	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	30	20	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	1,215	610	610	30	20	15
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	175	70	105	10	10	10
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	905	465	440	0	0	0
Vietnamese	150	60	90	10	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	40	15	25	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	35	20	20	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	125	75	50	10	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	30	20	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	50	25	20	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	15	10	10
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sikh	1,040	535	505	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haitian	40	15	30	0	0	0
Hindu	365	190	175	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	10	10	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	70	45	20	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	135	60	75	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	210	115	95	30	20	10
Egyptian	0	0	0	45	15	25
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tamil	40	20	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	110	70	45	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	90	40	50	25	10	15
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	70	35	35	20	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraqi	50	25	25	0	0	0
Salvadorean	35	20	15	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	75	25	55	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	30	15	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	105	45	55	0	0	0
Eritrean	40	25	15	0	0	0
African Canadian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	20	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	125	55	70	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	140	75	60	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	25	15	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	40	20	20	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	75	35	40	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Yemeni	40	25	10	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	45	15	30	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	9,235	4,700	4,535	1,255	610	640
Buddhist	55	20	35	20	0	15
Christian	1,910	960	950	495	245	250
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	470	235	235	65	45	25
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	15	10	0	20	10	15
Baptist	20	10	10	35	20	10
Catholic	965	490	475	205	85	120
Christian Orthodox	80	45	40	50	30	20
Jehovah's Witness	50	25	25	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	15	15	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	105	55	50	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	30	10	20
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	155	70	85	35	15	20
Hindu	1,230	640	595	20	10	15
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	2,075	1,060	1,020	230	100	125
Sikh	3,420	1,730	1,690	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	25	10	15	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	515	285	230	480	255	220
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	9,000	4,560	4,440	1,250	615	635
Non-movers	7,005	3,540	3,465	930	465	460
Movers	2,000	1,025	975	325	145	180
Non-migrants	1,645	820	825	260	125	140
Migrants	355	205	150	60	25	35
Internal migrants	290	170	120	25	10	10
Intraprovincial migrants	115	65	50	15	0	10
Interprovincial migrants	170	110	65	10	10	0
External migrants	70	35	30	35	10	25
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	8,165	4,065	4,095	1,200	580	620
Non-movers	1,550	730	815	460	225	230
Movers	6,615	3,335	3,280	740	355	385
Non-migrants	4,440	2,220	2,225	395	200	200
Migrants	2,175	1,120	1,055	345	160	185
Internal migrants	930	500	430	105	65	40
Intraprovincial migrants	270	145	125	75	45	30
Interprovincial migrants	655	355	305	35	15	15
External migrants	1,245	615	625	235	90	145
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,555	3,295	3,260	1,045	510	535
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,235	575	655	115	65	50
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,320	2,720	2,605	930	445	485
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,200	2,540	2,660	685	325	365
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	720	320	400	30	15	10
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,485	2,220	2,260	655	305	350
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,555	3,295	3,260	1,045	510	535
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,160	540	615	110	60	45
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,695	985	710	330	150	175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,700	1,770	1,925	615	300	315
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,265	620	645	200	115	85
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	170	100	70	55	50	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	85	30	50	25	15	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	95	75	20	30	30	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	800	380	420	130	60	70
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	285	135	150	20	0	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,435	1,150	1,285	415	185	225
Bachelor's degree	1,565	760	805	245	110	135
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	125	55	65	15	0	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	30	25	20	10	10
Master's degree	680	300	380	120	50	70
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	10	10	15	10	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,205	2,540	2,665	685	325	365
No certificate, diploma or degree	660	285	370	30	15	15
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,175	670	510	165	75	95
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,370	1,585	1,785	490	230	255
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,080	525	550	150	85	65
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	145	80	65	35	35	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	70	30	45	10	10	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	70	55	20	25	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	675	320	355	105	50	55
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	250	125	130	15	0	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,295	1,065	1,235	335	145	190
Bachelor's degree	1,455	695	765	205	85	115
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	110	50	65	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	30	20	10	0	0
Master's degree	655	280	370	105	45	65
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	10	15	15	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,555	3,295	3,260	1,040	510	530
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,855	1,525	1,330	435	215	220
Education	145	20	120	30	0	30
13. Education	145	20	120	30	0	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	25	20	35	20	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	0	10	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	20	15	35	20	10
Humanities	345	120	225	35	15	20
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	10	15	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	15	30	20	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	220	75	145	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	30	10	20	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	270	105	165	85	15	75
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	0	30	15	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	20	25	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	40	15	25	15	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	20	10	15	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	120	60	60	25	10	20
Business, management and public administration	895	445	450	130	65	60
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	10	25	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	865	440	425	130	65	60
Physical and life sciences and technologies	210	95	115	50	25	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	75	25	55	20	10	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	30	45	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	45	30	15	35	15	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	340	185	155	50	40	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	310	175	135	35	35	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	650	530	125	100	95	10
04. Architecture and related services	20	0	10	0	0	0
14. Engineering	365	290	80	40	35	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	160	125	30	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	35	35	0	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	55	55	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	15	15	0	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	50	40	15	10	0	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	45	30	15	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	665	155	515	75	10	65
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	20	0	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	630	125	500	65	10	55
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	80	45	35	10	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	40	10	30	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	25	20	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,200	2,540	2,665	690	320	360
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,830	955	875	195	90	110
Education	130	20	110	25	0	20
13. Education	130	20	110	25	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	25	20	35	25	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	20	15	35	25	15
Humanities	325	115	205	30	10	20
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	15	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	10	30	20	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	205	75	135	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	30	10	20	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	245	100	145	65	15	50
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	0	25	15	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	20	20	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	40	15	25	15	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	10	15	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	105	55	55	20	10	15
Business, management and public administration	830	410	415	105	50	60
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	10	15	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	800	400	400	105	50	60
Physical and life sciences and technologies	165	80	90	50	25	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	25	45	15	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	25	30	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	35	25	10	30	15	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	320	175	145	40	35	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	300	165	125	25	25	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	575	455	115	70	70	0
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	10	0	0	0
14. Engineering	320	250	75	15	15	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	155	125	35	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	25	25	0	20	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	45	45	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	35	10	10	0	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	25	10	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	635	145	490	55	10	50
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	15	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	595	120	480	50	10	45
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	60	35	30	10	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	30	10	25	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,200	2,540	2,665	690	320	360
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,830	955	875	195	90	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,375	1,585	1,785	490	235	260
Location of study inside Canada	1,075	470	605	315	145	165
Same as province or territory of residence	700	290	415	270	120	150
Different than province or territory of residence	375	185	190	45	30	15
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	2,300	1,110	1,185	180	85	90
Americas	70	40	30	25	20	0
United States of America	30	15	15	20	20	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	20	10	10	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	85	55	35	35	15	20
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45	30	15	25	10	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	65	35	40	25	15	10
Nigeria	30	20	15	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	35	15	20	0	0	0
Asia	2,060	980	1,090	85	35	50
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	15	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	375	165	210	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	35	20	20	15	0	15
Sri Lanka	20	0	15	0	0	0
India	1,275	620	665	15	10	0
Pakistan	255	120	135	10	0	10
Other locations of study in Asia	80	50	25	15	10	0
Oceania	15	15	0	0	0	0
Australia	15	15	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	6,555	3,295	3,260	1,045	510	535
In the labour force	4,840	2,620	2,215	695	345	350
Employed	4,370	2,415	1,945	595	300	300
Unemployed	475	205	270	100	50	50
Not in the labour force	1,715	675	1,045	345	165	180
Participation rate	73.8	79.5	67.9	66.5	67.6	65.4
Employment rate	66.7	73.3	59.7	56.9	58.8	56.1
Unemployment rate	9.8	7.8	12.2	14.4	14.5	14.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	6,555	3,295	3,260	1,040	510	530
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,985	835	1,150	380	170	205
Worked	4,570	2,460	2,115	665	335	330
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,365	1,415	950	285	170	115
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,205	1,045	1,165	380	165	215
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.4	42.4	38.1	37.8	39.9	35.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,840	2,625	2,220	695	345	350
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95	40	55	15	10	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,740	2,585	2,165	680	335	345
Employee	4,070	2,040	2,025	615	300	310
Permanent position	3,505	1,805	1,700	485	245	240
Temporary position	560	240	325	130	60	70
Fixed term (1 year or more)	180	80	105	60	35	25
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	380	160	225	70	25	50
Self-employed¹⁹²	670	540	135	65	35	35
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,840	2,625	2,220	695	345	350
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95	40	55	15	10	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,740	2,585	2,165	680	335	345
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	15	10	0	10	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	690	280	415	90	35	55
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	345	265	80	80	55	25
3 Health occupations	450	70	375	50	15	35
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	300	55	250	110	30	80
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	40	20	20	40	15	25
6 Sales and service occupations	1,340	590	750	210	95	120
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,360	1,180	185	85	75	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	10	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	185	100	85	10	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,840	2,625	2,220	695	345	350
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95	40	55	15	10	0
All industries¹⁹¹	4,740	2,585	2,165	680	335	345
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	0	0	10	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	40	0	15	10	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	265	245	20	35	35	0
31-33 Manufacturing	170	105	60	30	25	10
41 Wholesale trade	110	70	40	15	0	10
44-45 Retail trade	710	370	335	100	45	60
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	945	745	200	35	20	10
51 Information and cultural industries	70	45	30	15	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	185	75	105	20	10	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	70	50	15	15	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	320	195	125	90	35	55
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	275	150	125	40	25	15
61 Educational services	200	50	150	75	30	50
62 Health care and social assistance	630	100	530	95	25	70
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	10	10	20	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	425	180	250	35	15	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	160	80	80	25	0	15
91 Public administration	130	60	65	30	15	15
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,175	2,790	2,390	740	360	380
English	4,365	2,340	2,020	690	335	355
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	125	65	65	10	0	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	125	65	65	10	0	10
English and French	20	10	10	10	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	665	370	290	30	25	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,175	2,790	2,390	740	360	380
Single responses	5,030	2,695	2,340	725	350	375
Official languages	4,805	2,550	2,255	715	350	365
English	4,805	2,550	2,255	715	350	365
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	225	140	85	10	0	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	225	140	85	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	210	135	75	10	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	200	125	75	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	195	125	70	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	180	120	65	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	150	95	50	15	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	140	95	40	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,175	2,790	2,390	740	360	380
None	4,625	2,495	2,125	710	345	365
English	95	70	25	0	0	0
French	15	10	10	0	0	0
Non-official language	345	185	165	20	10	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	345	185	165	20	10	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	100	30	70	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,365	2,415	1,945	600	300	295
Worked at home	650	365	285	170	90	85
Worked outside Canada	10	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	910	680	240	60	50	10
Usual place of work	2,795	1,375	1,420	370	165	205
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,795	1,375	1,420	370	160	200
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,290	1,080	1,210	340	145	195
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	460	250	210	25	20	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	35	25	10	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	15	15	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,710	2,050	1,655	430	215	215
Car, truck or van	3,275	1,890	1,380	320	180	140
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,020	1,805	1,215	280	165	110
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	250	85	165	40	10	30
Public transit	345	125	225	35	10	30
Walked	20	0	10	30	10	25
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	75	35	45	30	10	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,710	2,050	1,655	430	215	215
Less than 15 minutes	720	390	335	80	40	40
15 to 29 minutes	1,690	950	745	215	90	125
30 to 44 minutes	970	550	420	90	60	30
45 to 59 minutes	155	65	90	15	10	10
60 minutes and over	170	95	70	25	15	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,710	2,050	1,655	430	215	215
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	270	165	105	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	555	255	300	35	15	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	680	345	335	165	85	75
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	620	370	255	105	40	60
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	565	315	250	45	15	30
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,010	600	410	75	50	25
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,010	1,535	1,475	260	130	130
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	90	40	50	20	15	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,925	1,505	1,425	240	120	125
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,910	945	960	185	100	85
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60	25	35	20	10	5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35	15	20	10	10	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	10	15	10	0	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,850	920	925	165	90	75

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 28, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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