Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062516More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48060583More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062009More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	9,296	...	...	642	...	...	1,088	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,438	...	...	356	...	...	299	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,370	...	...	328	...	...	289	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	901.1	...	...	19,164.2	...	...	7,844.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	10.32	...	...	0.03	...	...	0.14	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	9,295	4,635	4,660	640	335	310	1,090	510	575
0 to 14 years	2,650	1,355	1,295	70	30	40	185	95	90
0 to 4 years	1,050	560	485	40	20	20	50	25	25
5 to 9 years	895	450	440	20	5	15	75	35	40
10 to 14 years	715	345	365	15	5	5	60	30	30
15 to 64 years	6,235	3,080	3,155	530	280	250	700	340	355
15 to 19 years	515	265	250	10	10	5	70	40	35
20 to 24 years	530	260	265	35	15	20	90	40	45
25 to 29 years	750	360	395	85	40	45	70	35	30
30 to 34 years	1,115	550	560	125	60	70	50	25	30
35 to 39 years	1,100	525	575	85	55	30	65	30	35
40 to 44 years	800	400	395	65	40	25	75	30	45
45 to 49 years	505	270	240	45	25	25	55	25	30
50 to 54 years	355	175	175	30	20	10	65	35	30
55 to 59 years	305	145	165	30	15	10	90	50	40
60 to 64 years	255	125	130	15	10	5	80	40	45
65 years and over	410	200	215	40	20	15	200	75	125
65 to 69 years	180	95	85	15	10	5	30	10	20
70 to 74 years	125	55	65	10	5	5	45	20	30
75 to 79 years	75	30	40	5	5	0	30	10	20
80 to 84 years	25	10	15	10	5	5	35	15	20
85 years and over	15	5	10	0	0	0	55	20	35
85 to 89 years	10	5	10	0	0	0	25	10	20
90 to 94 years	5	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	28.5	29.2	27.8	10.9	9.0	12.9	17.0	18.6	15.7
15 to 64 years	67.1	66.5	67.7	82.8	83.6	80.6	64.2	66.7	61.7
65 years and over	4.4	4.3	4.6	6.3	6.0	4.8	18.3	14.7	21.7
85 years and over	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	5.0	3.9	6.1
Average age of the population	29.8	29.4	30.1	35.8	37.1	34.4	42.0	40.0	43.7
Median age of the population	31.0	30.8	31.2	34.4	35.6	32.4	41.2	38.0	42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,370	...	...	330	...	...	290	...	...
Single-detached house	1,665	...	...	0	...	...	235	...	...
Semi-detached house	95	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	565	...	...	15	...	...	35	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	35	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	10	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	280	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,370	...	...	330	...	...	290	...	...
1 person	120	...	...	145	...	...	35	...	...
2 persons	360	...	...	120	...	...	65	...	...
3 persons	470	...	...	35	...	...	55	...	...
4 persons	675	...	...	10	...	...	60	...	...
5 or more persons	745	...	...	15	...	...	75	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,295	4,635	4,660	605	310	300	995	480	510
Average household size	3.9	...	...	1.9	...	...	3.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	6,645	3,280	3,370	565	300	270	905	415	485
Married or living common-law	4,725	2,360	2,365	250	135	120	450	230	225
Married	4,550	2,270	2,275	180	100	85	420	210	205
Living common-law	180	85	90	70	35	30	35	15	15
Living common law - Never married	145	70	75	65	35	25	20	10	15
Living common law - Separated	10	5	5	0	0	0	5	5	0
Living common law - Divorced	20	10	10	5	0	0	5	5	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	1,925	920	1,000	320	165	155	450	190	260
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,525	825	700	260	150	110	270	140	130
Not married and not living common law - Separated	80	25	50	15	5	10	25	10	10
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	140	40	100	35	10	25	55	15	40
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	175	25	155	5	0	5	100	25	75
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,490	...	...	135	...	...	260	...	...
2 persons	665	...	...	85	...	...	85	...	...
3 persons	645	...	...	25	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	800	...	...	10	...	...	70	...	...
5 or more persons	385	...	...	10	...	...	50	...	...
Average size of census families	3.4	...	...	2.6	...	...	3.4	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.0	...	...	1.6	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,495	...	...	135	...	...	260	...	...
Total couple families	2,230	...	...	115	...	...	220	...	...
Married couples	2,145	...	...	85	...	...	205	...	...
With children⁶	1,655	...	...	40	...	...	145	...	...
Without children	490	...	...	40	...	...	55	...	...
Common-law couples	90	...	...	35	...	...	20	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
Without children	45	...	...	35	...	...	5	...	...
Total one-parent families	260	...	...	20	...	...	45	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	220	...	...	15	...	...	30	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	45	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	9,295	4,635	4,660	605	310	300	995	480	510
Total - Persons in census families	8,535	4,260	4,280	355	170	185	880	440	440
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,465	2,230	2,235	230	120	115	435	220	220
Parents in one-parent families	260	45	215	15	5	15	40	10	35
Children⁶	3,810	1,985	1,830	105	50	55	405	210	190
In a two-parent family	3,360	1,750	1,615	80	40	45	325	175	155
In a one-parent family	450	235	215	25	10	10	75	40	40
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	760	380	380	250	135	120	120	45	75
Living alone	120	75	40	145	75	75	35	10	25
Living with other relatives⁷	450	195	260	25	15	15	50	15	35
Living with non-relatives only	185	105	80	85	45	35	35	20	10
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,370	...	...	325	...	...	285	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,610	...	...	130	...	...	185	...	...
Couple-family households	1,470	...	...	110	...	...	160	...	...
With children⁶	1,210	...	...	45	...	...	125	...	...
Without children	265	...	...	65	...	...	40	...	...
One-parent-family households	135	...	...	20	...	...	30	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	330	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	65	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	185	...	...	5	...	...	25	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	65	...	...	50	...	...	15	...	...
One-person households	120	...	...	145	...	...	35	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	6,650	3,285	3,365	535	270	265	810	390	420
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,225	3,100	3,125	520	265	250	765	365	400
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	43,600	33,200	42,800	47,600	38,400	35,600	37,200	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,225	3,100	3,125	520	265	250	765	365	400
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	39,600	31,200	38,400	42,400	35,600	33,200	33,600	32,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,465	2,860	2,600	485	260	225	635	315	320
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	41,600	23,800	38,000	44,000	33,200	29,800	32,400	25,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,090	2,660	2,430	460	245	215	565	285	280
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,800	39,600	25,400	38,400	44,000	34,400	31,000	34,400	27,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,700	2,820	2,880	470	240	230	705	340	365
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,850	3,160	10,100	4,600	3,320	6,280	10,400	8,700	12,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	970	325	645	75	40	35	120	60	65
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,520	6,280	5,600	6,000	5,360	5,720	5,480	5,920
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,770	1,325	1,440	200	95	100	335	165	170
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	8,000	8,000	10,000	10,000	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	6,550	3,295	3,260	565	285	280	795	390	400
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,155	3,115	3,040	555	275	280	720	350	375
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,760	49,280	38,080	50,000	57,600	42,400	41,800	42,800	41,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,155	3,115	3,040	555	275	280	720	350	375
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,600	42,680	34,360	43,200	48,800	37,600	37,100	37,400	36,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,435	2,895	2,540	515	265	255	625	320	305
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,480	46,160	31,840	45,600	53,600	37,600	36,000	37,200	34,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,075	2,700	2,380	485	255	230	555	285	270
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,840	44,760	32,120	46,400	53,600	38,400	36,800	38,400	35,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,600	2,810	2,795	510	255	260	690	335	355
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,770	7,060	12,480	8,320	7,400	9,200	11,220	8,720	13,550
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	925	345	580	55	35	15	120	50	65
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,100	7,480	8,480	5,400	5,200	6,000	6,100	4,800	7,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,550	1,295	1,260	185	95	85	315	150	165
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,130	8,640	9,640	9,800	10,800	8,800	9,300	8,200	10,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	6,555	3,295	3,260	565	285	280	790	390	400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,265	1,340	925	235	150	85	215	130	85
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,600	56,400	47,200	56,000	61,200	51,600	50,400	50,800	48,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,100	61,400	48,400	64,500	68,000	59,000	51,600	53,000	49,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,045	950	1,095	185	80	100	280	130	150
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,800	22,600	15,900	25,800	36,400	23,400	19,400	25,000	18,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,360	30,100	23,120	32,800	39,000	27,600	27,600	26,800	28,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.6	87.0	69.8	85.0	88.0	80.0	74.5	80.0	68.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	73.2	78.6	66.0	81.0	86.0	74.0	68.0	73.0	63.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.3	12.9	30.2	15.3	11.8	20.0	25.6	19.6	31.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.8	1.7	4.3	1.1	1.2	0.8	2.4	1.6	3.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	9.6	7.9	11.9	7.2	6.9	7.4	10.8	9.2	12.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	8.6	7.3	10.5	6.4	6.4	6.4	9.8	8.4	11.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	6,645	3,280	3,370	535	270	260	810	385	420
Without total income	425	185	240	10	5	10	50	25	25
With total income	6,225	3,100	3,125	520	265	255	760	360	395
Under $10,000 (including loss)	660	245	415	30	10	15	75	30	45
$10,000 to $19,999	670	285	380	45	15	30	95	45	50
$20,000 to $29,999	1,010	450	560	80	45	40	140	65	75
$30,000 to $39,999	965	410	555	85	40	45	130	55	70
$40,000 to $49,999	810	405	410	70	35	35	95	45	55
$50,000 to $59,999	660	340	320	55	25	30	80	35	40
$60,000 to $69,999	465	255	215	35	20	20	50	35	20
$70,000 to $79,999	325	210	120	20	15	10	35	25	15
$80,000 to $89,999	195	145	50	20	15	5	20	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	160	125	40	25	20	5	15	5	10
$100,000 and over	295	230	65	50	40	20	25	15	10
$100,000 to $149,999	255	195	60	35	20	10	15	5	5
$150,000 and over	40	30	5	20	15	10	10	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	6,645	3,280	3,370	535	270	260	810	385	420
Without after-tax income	420	185	240	10	5	10	50	25	25
With after-tax income	6,225	3,100	3,125	520	265	255	760	360	395
Under $10,000 (including loss)	665	250	415	30	10	15	75	30	45
$10,000 to $19,999	685	295	390	45	20	30	95	45	50
$20,000 to $29,999	1,190	535	660	100	50	45	160	80	85
$30,000 to $39,999	1,110	510	595	100	45	55	150	65	90
$40,000 to $49,999	960	490	470	75	35	40	105	45	60
$50,000 to $59,999	640	345	295	55	25	25	75	40	30
$60,000 to $69,999	400	250	150	25	20	10	40	25	20
$70,000 to $79,999	255	190	65	30	20	10	25	15	10
$80,000 to $89,999	150	115	35	15	15	10	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	70	50	20	10	5	5	10	0	5
$100,000 and over	100	80	25	30	20	5	10	5	5
$100,000 to $124,999	70	50	15	10	5	0	5	0	0
$125,000 and over	35	25	5	15	10	5	5	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	6,645	3,280	3,370	535	270	260	810	385	420
Without employment income	1,560	620	940	80	30	50	245	105	140
With employment income	5,085	2,660	2,425	455	245	215	565	285	285
Under $5,000 (including loss)	615	260	355	45	20	20	75	40	35
$5,000 to $9,999	495	190	305	35	20	20	65	20	40
$10,000 to $19,999	695	325	370	50	25	25	80	40	40
$20,000 to $29,999	615	300	315	55	25	30	65	25	35
$30,000 to $39,999	550	270	280	55	25	30	70	40	30
$40,000 to $49,999	545	275	265	50	25	25	55	25	35
$50,000 to $59,999	460	245	215	35	15	15	55	40	20
$60,000 to $69,999	325	190	135	25	15	15	40	25	15
$70,000 to $79,999	250	180	70	20	10	10	25	20	5
$80,000 to $89,999	155	130	30	25	20	5	25	10	10
$90,000 to $99,999	130	100	25	20	15	5	10	0	5
$100,000 and over	245	195	50	45	30	15	15	0	5
$100,000 to $124,999	170	135	40	20	10	5	5	0	0
$125,000 and over	75	65	10	25	20	10	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	6,650	3,285	3,365	535	270	265	810	390	420
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,015	2,995	3,025	510	260	250	745	360	385
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	43,200	30,600	39,600	45,200	34,800	33,600	36,400	30,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,015	2,995	3,025	510	260	250	745	360	385
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	38,800	29,000	36,000	40,000	32,400	31,600	34,000	29,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,330	2,825	2,505	470	250	220	635	320	315
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	44,000	29,600	39,600	43,200	35,600	33,600	38,400	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,045	2,670	2,380	445	240	205	580	295	285
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	41,200	30,400	38,800	42,000	36,000	34,400	38,400	32,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,410	2,670	2,735	455	230	230	685	325	360
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,160	940	4,400	900	850	940	1,720	1,050	4,080
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	600	180	420	30	15	15	55	25	30
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,150	5,440	8,300	9,400	x	x	5,800	5,440	5,920
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	6,550	3,295	3,260	565	285	280	795	390	400
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,945	2,995	2,945	550	275	270	720	350	370
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,840	48,280	35,280	47,200	55,600	38,400	38,800	39,200	38,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,945	2,995	2,945	550	275	270	720	350	370
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,720	41,600	31,760	40,400	46,400	34,400	34,400	34,400	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,250	2,850	2,400	480	260	225	615	310	305
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,360	48,520	35,080	48,000	56,000	38,800	38,400	39,200	37,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,000	2,700	2,305	460	255	210	570	285	280
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,440	46,920	35,040	47,800	54,400	39,600	38,600	39,200	38,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,295	2,605	2,690	480	235	240	675	320	350
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,936	2,490	7,300	5,680	3,840	7,450	6,620	5,160	7,960
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	595	180	420	40	25	0	55	30	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,960	7,650	9,560	11,000	14,000	...	6,200	6,400	5,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	6,555	3,295	3,260	565	285	280	790	390	400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,215	1,310	905	235	145	95	215	130	85
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,400	56,400	43,200	58,400	60,800	46,800	50,000	50,000	50,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,800	60,550	46,500	62,400	68,000	53,000	51,200	53,000	49,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,895	940	960	175	85	90	270	125	145
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,800	29,000	25,800	27,000	38,400	24,400	28,600	27,800	30,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,640	35,800	29,550	34,000	40,000	28,000	32,800	32,500	33,500
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	89.4	95.6	81.2	89.0	94.0	82.0	84.0	88.0	80.0
Employment income (%)	83.4	87.4	77.8	85.0	90.0	78.0	78.5	82.0	74.0
Government transfers (%)	10.5	4.5	18.9	10.5	6.0	17.2	16.0	12.1	19.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	0.9	3.8	1.6	2.4	x	1.3	1.6	1.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,370	...	...	330	...	...	290	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	74,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	66,500	...	...	89,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	120	...	...	145	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,800	...	...	56,800	...	...	46,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,400	...	...	49,600	...	...	40,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,255	...	...	180	...	...	255	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	74,500	...	...	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,380	...	...	335	...	...	285	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	113,200	...	...	82,800	...	...	106,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	99,800	...	...	71,600	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	115	...	...	115	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	59,000	...	...	48,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,000	...	...	49,000	...	...	44,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,265	...	...	220	...	...	250	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	95,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,400	...	...	83,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,370	...	...	330	...	...	290	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	25	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	115	...	...	20	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	140	...	...	30	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	205	...	...	25	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	220	...	...	25	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	215	...	...	25	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,300	...	...	100	...	...	140	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	490	...	...	40	...	...	50	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	325	...	...	20	...	...	35	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	325	...	...	20	...	...	50	...	...
$200,000 and over	150	...	...	15	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,370	...	...	330	...	...	290	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	40	...	...	15	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	45	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	55	...	...	20	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	130	...	...	35	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	225	...	...	30	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	270	...	...	35	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	260	...	...	25	...	...	30	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	275	...	...	20	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	995	...	...	65	...	...	120	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	455	...	...	30	...	...	55	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	245	...	...	15	...	...	35	...	...
$150,000 and over	295	...	...	15	...	...	35	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,255	...	...	145	...	...	245	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	81,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	72,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	4.0	...	...	2.6	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	300	...	...	65	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	73,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	73,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,675	...	...	45	...	...	155	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	81,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	74,500	...	...	104,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.5	...	...	3.9	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	185	...	...	20	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	x	...	...	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	x	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	3.1	...	...	2.2	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	305	185	125	230	120	110	70	30	35
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,800	38,800	38,400	46,800	51,200	41,600	38,400	30,200	39,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	34,800	34,000	41,200	45,600	38,000	34,400	28,200	36,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,265	...	...	185	...	...	255	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,300	...	...	95,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	340	...	...	75	...	...	40	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	101,600	...	...	108,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,800	...	...	92,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,640	...	...	70	...	...	165	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,400	...	...	96,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,800	...	...	84,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	185	...	...	30	...	...	40	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	60,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	52,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	305	195	110	195	115	80	55	25	30
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,400	46,000	36,500	52,000	58,000	43,000	48,000	52,000	44,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	39,600	32,000	44,400	49,000	37,500	42,000	44,000	40,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	9,295	4,635	4,660	610	305	300	995	485	515
0 to 17 years	2,975	1,520	1,455	80	40	40	225	115	110
0 to 5 years	1,235	650	585	45	20	20	65	35	30
18 to 64 years	5,905	2,915	2,995	490	250	240	655	320	335
65 years and over	410	200	210	35	20	15	115	50	65
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	620	295	325	85	40	50	75	30	45
0 to 17 years	275	135	140	15	10	5	30	15	20
0 to 5 years	95	45	50	10	10	0	10	0	5
18 to 64 years	320	155	165	65	25	40	40	20	20
65 years and over	25	10	15	10	5	0	10	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.7	6.4	6.9	14.4	13.2	16.0	8.0	7.2	8.8
0 to 17 years (%)	9.3	8.8	9.8	20.0	28.0	16.0	13.0	12.0	14.0
0 to 5 years (%)	7.8	7.0	8.4	20.0	30.0	x	12.0	x	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.4	5.2	5.6	12.8	9.5	16.0	5.6	5.0	6.0
65 years and over (%)	6.0	5.0	7.0	20.0	25.0	x	12.0	8.0	16.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	9,295	4,635	4,660	610	310	300	995	480	510
0 to 17 years	2,975	1,520	1,455	80	40	45	225	115	110
0 to 5 years	1,240	650	585	40	20	25	70	30	35
18 to 64 years	5,910	2,915	2,990	495	245	245	655	320	340
65 years and over	415	200	215	35	20	15	115	50	65
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	295	150	145	50	20	30	30	15	20
0 to 17 years	100	50	45	0	0	5	5	5	0
0 to 5 years	40	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	190	95	90	45	15	25	25	10	10
65 years and over	10	5	5	0	0	0	5	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.2	3.3	3.1	7.8	6.0	9.5	3.2	3.2	3.2
0 to 17 years (%)	3.5	3.5	3.4	x	x	x	3.0	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	3.2	3.2	3.2	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	3.1	3.3	3.0	8.8	7.0	11.0	3.6	3.6	3.6
65 years and over (%)	2.4	2.0	3.0	x	x	x	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	9,295	4,635	4,660	605	305	300	995	485	515
In bottom half of the distribution	5,410	2,665	2,745	375	180	195	540	260	275
In bottom decile	545	265	280	85	35	50	55	25	35
In second decile	870	425	440	110	60	45	130	60	65
In third decile	1,260	605	655	70	30	35	130	70	65
In fourth decile	1,385	685	700	65	35	35	110	50	65
In fifth decile	1,350	685	665	55	25	25	110	55	55
In top half of the distribution	3,885	1,970	1,910	235	125	110	455	220	235
In sixth decile	1,185	615	570	35	15	20	145	65	75
In seventh decile	1,080	545	535	55	25	25	110	50	60
In eighth decile	925	455	470	55	30	25	100	45	50
In ninth decile	495	255	235	45	25	20	70	35	30
In top decile	205	100	100	50	30	20	35	15	20
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	9,295	...	...	610	...	...	995	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.229	...	...	0.342	...	...	0.246	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.332	...	...	0.452	...	...	0.383	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.208	...	...	0.305	...	...	0.224	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.6	...	...	4.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	9,295	4,635	4,660	645	330	310	995	480	510
English only	8,350	4,200	4,155	575	295	275	900	445	460
French only	15	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	195	100	100	45	25	20	40	15	20
Neither English nor French	730	330	395	25	10	15	60	25	35
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	9,295	4,635	4,660	645	330	310	995	480	510
English	8,490	4,265	4,220	600	310	290	925	450	475
French	60	25	30	10	5	5	5	5	5
English and French	35	15	15	10	5	5	5	5	0
Neither English nor French	715	320	390	20	10	15	55	25	35
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	9,295	4,635	4,660	645	330	310	995	480	510
Single responses	8,065	4,010	4,050	585	310	270	890	430	465
Official languages	1,985	980	1,005	310	165	150	360	190	175
English	1,945	965	980	305	160	145	360	190	175
French	40	15	20	5	5	5	0	5	0
Non-official languages	6,080	3,030	3,050	270	145	125	525	235	290
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	6,080	3,030	3,050	270	145	125	525	235	290
Afro-Asiatic languages	175	90	90	115	65	55	40	25	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	15	10	20	15	5	15	10	5
Bilen	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	20	15	10	10	10	0	10	10	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	155	80	80	95	45	50	25	10	15
Amharic	50	15	30	20	10	15	5	5	5
Arabic	95	55	45	5	0	0	15	10	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	60	30	30	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	25	30	0	0	0	95	45	50
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	25	25	0	0	0	90	45	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	515	235	275	15	5	5	100	40	60
Bikol	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	15	15	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	425	190	235	10	5	5	85	35	55
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	95	50	45	5	5	5	10	5	5
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	45	20	20	5	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,080	2,550	2,525	75	40	35	220	95	125
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	10	20	10	5	5	5	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	15	10	20	10	5	5	5	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0	5	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	4,955	2,485	2,470	15	5	5	180	80	100
Indo-Aryan languages	4,745	2,390	2,355	5	0	0	150	65	85
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	100	50	50	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gujarati	230	120	115	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hindi	280	145	140	0	0	0	20	10	15
Kacchi	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	130	70	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,135	1,590	1,545	0	0	0	70	30	35
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	15	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	800	385	420	0	0	0	25	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	210	95	115	10	0	5	35	15	20
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	30	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	95	45	50	0	0	0	10	5	10
Persian languages	85	40	45	10	0	5	20	15	10
Dari	70	30	40	0	0	0	15	5	5
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	50	45	30	20	15	30	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	5	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	80	45	35	30	15	15	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	25	20	15	10	45	20	30
Chinese languages	45	25	25	20	15	10	45	20	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	5	10	5	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	15	10	5	5	45	15	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,230	625	605	55	20	35	105	50	50
English and French	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	1,135	575	560	40	20	25	90	45	45
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0	0	0	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	70	35	35	10	5	10	10	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	9,295	4,635	4,660	645	330	310	995	480	510
English	1,715	855	865	325	175	150	385	205	185
French	20	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	2,455	1,210	1,245	145	75	70	205	90	110
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	2,455	1,210	1,245	145	75	70	205	90	110
English and French	35	20	15	10	5	5	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	4,745	2,380	2,360	150	70	80	370	180	195
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	20	35	0	5	0	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	270	140	130	10	5	5	20	10	15
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	9,295	4,635	4,660	645	330	310	995	480	510
Single responses	8,055	4,015	4,035	600	310	290	910	440	465
Official languages	2,925	1,445	1,485	390	205	185	520	260	260
English	2,905	1,435	1,475	385	205	180	520	260	260
French	25	10	15	5	5	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	5,120	2,575	2,550	215	105	110	385	180	205
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	5,120	2,575	2,550	215	105	110	385	175	205
Afro-Asiatic languages	125	60	60	110	55	55	25	10	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	10	10	10	5	5	10	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	5	5	5	5	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	105	50	50	100	45	50	20	10	10
Amharic	30	10	15	20	5	10	0	0	0
Arabic	70	35	30	5	5	0	15	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	75	30	40	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	20	0	0	0	85	40	50
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	15	0	0	0	75	35	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	325	155	170	10	5	5	80	35	45
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	5	10	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	290	135	155	5	0	5	70	30	40
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	80	40	40	5	0	0	5	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	40	20	20	5	0	0	5	5	5
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,500	2,265	2,235	45	20	25	140	70	75
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	10	5	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	10	10	5	0	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	4,420	2,230	2,190	10	0	5	130	60	70
Indo-Aryan languages	4,255	2,155	2,100	0	0	0	105	55	55
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	70	35	40	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gujarati	180	95	95	0	0	0	10	10	5
Hindi	250	135	120	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kacchi	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	105	60	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,895	1,475	1,425	0	0	0	55	25	25
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	705	345	365	0	0	0	10	5	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	165	75	95	5	0	5	25	15	10
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	75	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	65	30	35	5	0	5	20	15	10
Dari	60	30	35	0	0	0	15	5	5
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	30	35	20	10	10	15	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	55	25	25	25	10	10	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	15	25	15	5	30	15	15
Chinese languages	35	15	15	25	15	5	30	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	5	5	5	30	15	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,245	620	625	40	15	20	85	40	45
English and French	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	1,195	595	600	30	15	20	80	35	45
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	10	0	0	0	5	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	9,295	4,635	4,660	645	330	310	995	480	510
None	5,185	2,570	2,615	500	260	235	665	325	335
English	1,915	975	945	60	25	30	130	65	65
French	30	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	1,435	705	730	60	35	25	140	60	75
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	1,435	705	730	60	35	25	140	60	75
English and French	10	5	10	0	0	0	5	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	500	260	245	5	5	5	30	15	15
French and non-official language(s)	25	5	15	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	185	100	85	10	5	5	20	5	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	9,240	4,700	4,540	705	345	360	980	465	515
Official languages	8,595	4,435	4,160	670	335	335	905	430	475
English	8,560	4,415	4,140	670	335	335	905	430	475
French	265	150	115	70	45	30	60	20	40
Non-official languages	8,165	4,130	4,035	455	210	250	715	335	375
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	8,165	4,130	4,035	455	210	250	715	335	375
Afro-Asiatic languages	340	180	165	300	130	175	100	55	45
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	25	15	10	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	305	150	160	290	125	165	100	55	45
Amharic	125	40	85	70	20	50	0	0	0
Arabic	150	90	60	40	15	20	85	45	40
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	55	30	20	235	105	130	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	125	50	75	0	0	0	165	90	75
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	115	45	70	0	0	0	140	75	65
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	815	410	410	0	0	0	175	75	100
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	55	35	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	815	410	410	0	0	0	165	70	95
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	60	25	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	205	115	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	145	80	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,485	3,270	3,215	110	60	50	185	80	105
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	20	15	15	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	20	20	15	15	0	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	15	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	6,310	3,190	3,120	30	10	25	155	80	85
Indo-Aryan languages	6,115	3,095	3,020	25	0	20	130	65	65
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	135	65	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	425	225	195	20	0	20	0	0	0
Hindi	1,935	975	960	15	0	0	45	25	25
Kacchi	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	45	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	170	90	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	4,025	2,050	1,975	0	0	0	90	45	45
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	1,465	720	740	0	0	0	30	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	50	30	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	310	160	150	10	0	0	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	165	85	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	105	50	55	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	90	45	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	235	120	120	45	40	0	20	0	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	200	105	100	45	40	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	150	90	65	0	0	0	20	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	35	25	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	75	45	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	20	15	0	0	0	80	35	40
Chinese languages	30	20	10	0	0	0	80	35	40
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	20	10	0	0	0	80	35	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,235	4,700	4,535	705	340	360	985	465	515
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	25	10	20	10	0	0	10	0	10
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	25	10	15	10	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	9,210	4,690	4,520	695	340	360	965	460	505
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,235	4,700	4,535	705	340	360	985	465	515
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,225	4,690	4,535	705	340	360	975	460	505
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,380	...	...	335	...	...	285	...	...
Owner	2,140	...	...	115	...	...	220	...	...
Renter	235	...	...	220	...	...	65	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,380	...	...	335	...	...	285	...	...
Condominium	365	...	...	310	...	...	35	...	...
Not condominium	2,020	...	...	30	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,380	...	...	335	...	...	285	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	85	...	...	75	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	235	...	...	250	...	...	45	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,410	...	...	10	...	...	135	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	635	...	...	0	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,380	...	...	335	...	...	285	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	875	...	...	240	...	...	75	...	...
5 rooms	690	...	...	50	...	...	70	...	...
6 rooms	485	...	...	30	...	...	50	...	...
7 rooms	145	...	...	10	...	...	25	...	...
8 or more rooms	185	...	...	0	...	...	65	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.2	...	...	4.1	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,380	...	...	335	...	...	285	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,020	...	...	300	...	...	255	...	...
More than one person per room	355	...	...	35	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,380	...	...	335	...	...	285	...	...
Suitable	2,020	...	...	280	...	...	240	...	...
Not suitable	365	...	...	55	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,380	...	...	335	...	...	285	...	...
1960 or before	10	...	...	40	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...	135	...	...	10	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	60	...	...	35	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	70	...	...	220	...	...
2001 to 2005	15	...	...	20	...	...	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	400	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,935	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,380	...	...	335	...	...	285	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,325	...	...	305	...	...	270	...	...
Major repairs needed	50	...	...	35	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,380	...	...	335	...	...	285	...	...
One-maintainer household	730	...	...	190	...	...	105	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,305	...	...	140	...	...	130	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	345	...	...	10	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,380	...	...	335	...	...	285	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	640	...	...	115	...	...	25	...	...
35 to 44 years	960	...	...	120	...	...	60	...	...
45 to 54 years	465	...	...	60	...	...	55	...	...
55 to 64 years	210	...	...	15	...	...	75	...	...
65 to 74 years	65	...	...	10	...	...	35	...	...
75 to 84 years	15	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,380	...	...	335	...	...	285	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,665	...	...	240	...	...	240	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	715	...	...	100	...	...	50	...	...
30% to less than 100%	685	...	...	85	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,380	...	...	335	...	...	285	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,050	...	...	180	...	...	100	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	640	...	...	90	...	...	40	...	...
Not suitable only	290	...	...	50	...	...	30	...	...
Major repairs needed only	50	...	...	35	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	70	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,325	...	...	155	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,345	...	...	320	...	...	290	...	...
In core need	140	...	...	70	...	...	30	...	...
Not in core need	2,205	...	...	250	...	...	255	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,145	...	...	110	...	...	225	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	95.3	...	...	81.8	...	...	60.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.6	...	...	0.0	...	...	8.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,200	...	...	1,500	...	...	1,570	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,230	...	...	1,640	...	...	1,470	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	448,000	...	...	250,000	...	...	348,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	461,200	...	...	292,000	...	...	364,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	235	...	...	225	...	...	60	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	31.9	...	...	37.8	...	...	41.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.4	...	...	27.9	...	...	41.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,760	...	...	1,270	...	...	1,660	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,780	...	...	1,380	...	...	1,560	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	9,235	4,695	4,535	705	340	360	980	470	515
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	45	15	25	10	0	0	15	10	10
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	45	15	25	10	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	10	15	10	0	0	10	0	10
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	9,195	4,680	4,510	695	335	355	965	465	505
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	9,235	4,700	4,535	700	345	360	980	465	515
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	6,070	3,090	2,980	450	225	225	775	375	400
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,640	1,360	1,280	85	30	55	200	95	110
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,425	1,730	1,695	360	195	165	575	280	290
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	3,165	1,610	1,555	255	115	140	205	85	115
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	9,235	4,700	4,535	700	345	360	980	465	515
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	2,955	1,555	1,405	355	175	175	425	195	225
Immigrants⁸¹	5,900	2,930	2,970	335	165	165	515	250	270
Before 1980	60	30	35	0	0	0	45	20	20
1980 to 1990	110	65	45	0	0	0	55	30	20
1991 to 2000	575	290	285	15	15	0	105	50	55
2001 to 2010	1,670	795	865	40	15	25	135	70	65
2011 to 2021⁸²	3,490	1,755	1,740	265	135	130	185	75	110
2011 to 2015	1,760	890	870	70	55	10	80	35	45
2016 to 2021	1,730	865	865	190	80	115	105	45	60
Non-permanent residents⁸³	385	215	165	20	0	20	35	20	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	5,900	2,930	2,970	335	165	165	520	250	270
Under 5 years	410	220	185	50	30	25	30	20	0
5 to 14 years	735	415	325	25	15	10	75	30	50
15 to 24 years	1,195	515	675	30	10	20	145	75	65
25 to 44 years	2,845	1,465	1,380	215	100	115	205	85	115
45 years and over	720	315	400	10	10	0	65	35	35
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	5,900	2,930	2,970	335	165	165	520	250	270
Americas	170	80	95	20	15	0	40	20	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	30	10	20	0	0	0	15	10	0
Jamaica	35	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	25	10	20	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	20	10	15	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	60	25	35	25	20	10	30	20	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	395	210	185	220	110	115	55	35	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	15	0	15	125	60	65	0	0	0
Ethiopia	55	20	35	50	20	30	0	0	0
Morocco	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	125	75	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	165	100	65	20	10	15	25	10	10
Asia	5,265	2,610	2,655	65	25	35	375	170	210
Afghanistan	80	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	30	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	765	375	395	0	0	0	120	40	75
Viet Nam	60	30	35	0	0	0	65	30	40
Bangladesh	85	45	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	3,175	1,595	1,575	25	0	15	60	25	30
Pakistan	770	360	410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	50	30	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	220	105	110	0	0	0	45	20	20
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	10	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	1,725	860	865	190	75	115	105	40	60
Americas	60	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	25	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	120	65	60	155	60	90	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	85	30	55	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	40	10	25	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	85	50	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	1,525	765	755	25	15	15	85	35	50
Afghanistan	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	1,125	590	530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	45	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	100	30	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	200	90	105	0	0	0	30	15	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	9,240	4,700	4,540	705	345	360	985	465	515
First generation¹⁰⁰	6,320	3,165	3,150	380	190	185	560	270	295
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,685	1,415	1,270	135	45	85	310	160	155
Third generation or more¹⁰²	235	115	115	195	110	85	110	40	70
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	5,835	2,900	2,935	320	170	155	475	230	250
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	3,065	1,670	1,395	30	20	10	150	70	85
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	1,375	855	520	15	15	0	65	30	35
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	1,695	820	875	20	0	10	85	35	50
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	2,125	920	1,205	50	10	40	235	105	135
Refugees¹⁰⁸	545	270	280	235	140	100	80	50	25
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	95	45	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	5,835	2,900	2,935	320	170	155	475	230	250
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	255	160	95	25	10	10	10	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	605	290	320	0	0	0	65	30	30
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	50	35	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	470	290	175	10	10	0	20	0	20
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	4,445	2,130	2,320	280	145	140	385	195	190
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	9,235	4,700	4,535	705	340	360	985	465	515
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	8,910	4,525	4,390	415	180	235	775	365	410
South Asian	6,570	3,335	3,230	30	0	30	150	70	80
Chinese	30	25	10	0	0	0	70	30	40
Black	680	320	355	295	135	165	85	50	35
Filipino	970	505	465	0	0	0	170	75	100
Arab	125	70	50	0	0	0	70	40	30
Latin American	125	55	70	25	20	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	190	80	110	0	0	0	150	75	75
West Asian	110	65	45	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	35	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	75	40	30	0	0	0	50	30	20
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	325	175	145	290	160	125	205	100	110
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	9,235	4,700	4,540	705	345	365	980	465	515
Canadian	475	230	250	45	30	20	25	15	10
English	65	45	15	80	40	35	85	30	55
Irish	70	35	35	60	40	20	35	30	10
Scottish	70	45	20	75	45	35	25	10	15
French, n.o.s.¹²²	55	30	20	20	15	0	15	0	10
German	55	35	20	40	20	15	45	25	25
Chinese	70	45	25	0	0	0	75	35	40
Italian	20	15	10	15	10	0	15	15	0
Indian (India)	2,825	1,395	1,430	25	0	20	90	40	50
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dutch	15	15	0	25	15	0	10	0	10
Polish	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Filipino	885	445	440	0	0	0	140	50	85
French Canadian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	35	20	15	15	10	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	10	10	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American	25	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	50	15	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	10	0	10	10	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	1,215	610	610	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	175	70	105	45	15	30	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	905	465	440	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	150	60	90	0	0	0	115	60	55
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	40	15	25	0	0	0	25	15	15
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	125	75	50	0	0	0	45	25	15
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	50	25	20	0	0	0	35	20	15
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	75	20	55	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	1,040	535	505	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	40	15	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	365	190	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Sri Lankan	70	45	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	135	60	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	210	115	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	110	70	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	90	40	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	70	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	75	25	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	30	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	10	0	0	0	0	40	25	25
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	105	45	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	40	25	15	55	25	30	0	0	0
African Canadian	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	125	55	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	140	75	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	85	50	30	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	75	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Tanzanian	30	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	40	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	45	15	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	25	0	25	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	9,235	4,700	4,535	705	340	360	985	465	510
Buddhist	55	20	35	0	0	0	125	65	65
Christian	1,910	960	950	325	150	175	420	190	230
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	470	235	235	55	10	40	40	20	25
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	15	10	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Baptist	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	965	490	475	45	35	10	275	105	170
Christian Orthodox	80	45	40	95	40	55	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	105	55	50	30	0	20	10	0	10
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	155	70	85	90	50	40	65	45	15
Hindu	1,230	640	595	25	0	20	30	10	20
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	2,075	1,060	1,020	70	30	35	175	85	90
Sikh	3,420	1,730	1,690	0	0	0	70	45	30
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	25	10	15	15	0	10	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	515	285	230	260	140	120	150	70	80
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	9,000	4,560	4,440	690	340	350	970	460	510
Non-movers	7,005	3,540	3,465	565	285	280	820	390	435
Movers	2,000	1,025	975	125	50	75	150	70	75
Non-migrants	1,645	820	825	100	40	55	150	70	75
Migrants	355	205	150	25	10	15	0	0	0
Internal migrants	290	170	120	15	10	0	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	115	65	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	170	110	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
External migrants	70	35	30	15	0	15	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	8,165	4,065	4,095	635	320	315	925	440	485
Non-movers	1,550	730	815	135	60	75	600	285	315
Movers	6,615	3,335	3,280	495	255	240	325	155	175
Non-migrants	4,440	2,220	2,225	245	140	110	230	110	125
Migrants	2,175	1,120	1,055	250	115	135	95	45	50
Internal migrants	930	500	430	70	45	30	20	10	0
Intraprovincial migrants	270	145	125	30	20	10	20	10	0
Interprovincial migrants	655	355	305	45	30	20	0	0	0
External migrants	1,245	615	625	180	70	105	80	40	40
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,555	3,295	3,260	565	285	280	790	390	400
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,235	575	655	95	35	55	205	85	115
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,320	2,720	2,605	475	245	230	585	305	285
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,200	2,540	2,660	525	265	260	510	255	255
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	720	320	400	80	30	45	115	55	60
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,485	2,220	2,260	450	235	215	395	200	195
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,555	3,295	3,260	570	285	285	795	390	400
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,160	540	615	75	40	35	195	85	110
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,695	985	710	175	95	80	280	160	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,700	1,770	1,925	320	150	165	315	145	170
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,265	620	645	140	75	70	205	110	95
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	170	100	70	35	15	20	60	45	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	85	30	50	15	10	0	25	20	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	95	75	20	20	10	15	30	20	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	800	380	420	65	30	40	135	60	75
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	285	135	150	40	35	10	10	0	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,435	1,150	1,285	175	80	100	105	35	70
Bachelor's degree	1,565	760	805	130	50	80	85	35	60
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	125	55	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	30	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	680	300	380	40	25	15	0	0	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,205	2,540	2,665	525	265	255	505	255	250
No certificate, diploma or degree	660	285	370	65	30	35	105	55	50
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,175	670	510	155	80	70	150	80	75
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,370	1,585	1,785	310	155	155	250	120	130
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,080	525	550	135	75	65	155	90	70
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	145	80	65	35	20	15	45	30	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	70	30	45	10	10	0	15	10	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	70	55	20	25	10	10	30	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	675	320	355	60	25	35	100	55	50
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	250	125	130	45	30	10	10	0	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,295	1,065	1,235	175	80	95	90	30	60
Bachelor's degree	1,455	695	765	130	55	80	75	25	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	110	50	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	655	280	370	40	25	10	10	0	10
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,555	3,295	3,260	570	285	285	790	390	400
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,855	1,525	1,330	250	130	120	475	245	230
Education	145	20	120	10	0	10	15	0	10
13. Education	145	20	120	10	0	10	15	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	25	20	15	0	15	15	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	20	15	15	0	15	10	0	0
Humanities	345	120	225	0	0	0	10	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	15	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	220	75	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	270	105	165	40	0	35	25	0	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	0	30	10	0	10	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	20	10	15	0	0	0	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	120	60	60	15	0	10	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	895	445	450	80	55	20	60	20	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	865	440	425	80	55	20	60	20	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	210	95	115	20	15	10	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	75	25	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	30	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	45	30	15	10	10	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	340	185	155	45	30	15	20	15	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	310	175	135	35	25	15	15	10	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	650	530	125	60	40	20	80	70	10
04. Architecture and related services	20	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	365	290	80	35	20	15	30	15	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	160	125	30	15	15	0	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	35	35	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	55	55	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
48. Precision production	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	50	40	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	45	30	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	665	155	515	35	0	30	65	0	60
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	630	125	500	30	0	30	60	0	55
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	80	45	35	20	10	10	20	15	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	40	10	30	10	0	0	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,200	2,540	2,665	525	265	260	505	255	250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,830	955	875	215	115	100	260	140	120
Education	130	20	110	10	0	10	0	0	0
13. Education	130	20	110	10	0	10	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	25	20	15	0	15	10	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	20	15	15	0	15	0	0	0
Humanities	325	115	205	0	0	0	10	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	10	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	205	75	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	245	100	145	35	0	35	20	0	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	0	25	10	0	10	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	105	55	55	15	0	10	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	830	410	415	80	55	25	55	20	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	800	400	400	80	55	25	55	20	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	165	80	90	20	10	0	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	25	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	35	25	10	10	10	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	320	175	145	40	30	15	20	20	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	300	165	125	35	20	15	20	10	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	575	455	115	55	35	15	60	50	10
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	320	250	75	35	25	15	25	10	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	155	125	35	15	15	0	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	25	25	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	45	45	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	35	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	635	145	490	30	0	25	45	0	40
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	595	120	480	25	0	25	45	0	40
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	60	35	30	15	10	10	10	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	30	10	25	10	0	0	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,200	2,540	2,665	525	265	260	505	255	250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,830	955	875	215	115	100	260	140	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,375	1,585	1,785	310	150	155	245	115	130
Location of study inside Canada	1,075	470	605	225	115	110	145	80	65
Same as province or territory of residence	700	290	415	150	90	60	115	65	45
Different than province or territory of residence	375	185	190	75	25	50	30	10	15
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	2,300	1,110	1,185	85	35	45	105	40	65
Americas	70	40	30	25	15	10	10	0	10
United States of America	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	85	55	35	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45	30	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	65	35	40	40	15	30	25	10	10
Nigeria	30	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	35	15	20	35	15	25	15	10	0
Asia	2,060	980	1,090	10	10	10	60	20	45
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	375	165	210	0	0	0	30	10	15
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	1,275	620	665	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistan	255	120	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	80	50	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	6,555	3,295	3,260	570	285	285	795	390	400
In the labour force	4,840	2,620	2,215	495	265	235	520	260	260
Employed	4,370	2,415	1,945	435	235	205	460	230	225
Unemployed	475	205	270	60	30	30	60	30	30
Not in the labour force	1,715	675	1,045	70	25	45	270	130	140
Participation rate	73.8	79.5	67.9	86.8	93.0	82.5	65.4	66.7	65.0
Employment rate	66.7	73.3	59.7	76.3	82.5	71.9	57.9	59.0	56.3
Unemployment rate	9.8	7.8	12.2	12.1	11.3	12.8	11.5	11.5	11.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	6,555	3,295	3,260	570	285	285	790	390	400
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,985	835	1,150	125	50	80	285	125	160
Worked	4,570	2,460	2,115	445	240	200	510	270	240
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,365	1,415	950	245	145	95	220	135	85
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,205	1,045	1,165	200	90	105	290	135	155
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.4	42.4	38.1	39.9	42.4	37.2	38.5	39.0	37.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,840	2,625	2,220	500	260	235	520	260	260
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95	40	55	20	0	20	15	0	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,740	2,585	2,165	475	260	215	505	255	250
Employee	4,070	2,040	2,025	395	210	190	445	225	225
Permanent position	3,505	1,805	1,700	320	185	130	375	190	180
Temporary position	560	240	325	80	25	55	75	35	40
Fixed term (1 year or more)	180	80	105	25	0	20	30	10	25
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	380	160	225	55	20	35	45	25	20
Self-employed¹⁹²	670	540	135	80	50	25	55	30	25
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,840	2,625	2,220	500	260	235	520	260	260
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95	40	55	20	0	20	15	0	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,740	2,585	2,165	475	260	215	505	255	250
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	690	280	415	95	40	50	25	0	20
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	345	265	80	45	40	0	15	15	0
3 Health occupations	450	70	375	40	0	30	30	0	30
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	300	55	250	45	15	30	30	0	25
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	40	20	20	10	0	10	10	10	0
6 Sales and service occupations	1,340	590	750	155	85	75	165	65	100
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,360	1,180	185	60	60	0	155	110	45
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	10	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	185	100	85	30	15	15	60	35	20
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,840	2,625	2,220	500	260	235	520	260	260
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95	40	55	20	0	20	15	0	10
All industries¹⁹¹	4,740	2,585	2,165	475	260	215	505	255	250
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	40	0	40	30	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	265	245	20	40	35	0	55	45	0
31-33 Manufacturing	170	105	60	25	20	0	55	35	20
41 Wholesale trade	110	70	40	15	0	10	20	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	710	370	335	25	10	15	85	50	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	945	745	200	40	25	15	45	30	20
51 Information and cultural industries	70	45	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	185	75	105	0	0	0	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	70	50	15	10	10	0	15	0	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	320	195	125	60	30	30	30	15	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	275	150	125	40	10	30	25	10	15
61 Educational services	200	50	150	20	10	15	0	0	0
62 Health care and social assistance	630	100	530	65	25	40	70	0	60
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	10	10	15	10	0	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	425	180	250	60	30	25	50	15	35
81 Other services (except public administration)	160	80	80	20	0	10	20	15	0
91 Public administration	130	60	65	0	0	0	10	0	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,175	2,790	2,390	495	265	230	570	295	270
English	4,365	2,340	2,020	480	255	220	495	265	230
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	125	65	65	10	10	0	15	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	125	65	65	10	10	0	15	10	10
English and French	20	10	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	665	370	290	0	0	0	45	15	30
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,175	2,790	2,390	495	265	230	570	295	270
Single responses	5,030	2,695	2,340	495	265	230	570	295	270
Official languages	4,805	2,550	2,255	490	265	230	535	280	265
English	4,805	2,550	2,255	485	265	220	535	280	265
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	225	140	85	10	10	0	30	15	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	225	140	85	10	10	0	30	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	210	135	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	200	125	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	195	125	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	180	120	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	150	95	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	140	95	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,175	2,790	2,390	495	265	230	570	295	270
None	4,625	2,495	2,125	485	265	225	515	280	240
English	95	70	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	15	10	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-official language	345	185	165	0	0	0	25	10	20
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	345	185	165	0	0	0	25	10	20
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	100	30	70	0	0	0	15	0	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,365	2,415	1,945	440	235	205	460	235	225
Worked at home	650	365	285	110	55	55	35	10	30
Worked outside Canada	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	910	680	240	55	35	20	65	50	20
Usual place of work	2,795	1,375	1,420	275	145	130	360	180	185
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,795	1,375	1,420	275	145	130	360	180	185
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,290	1,080	1,210	270	145	120	310	140	170
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	460	250	210	0	0	0	50	35	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	35	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,710	2,050	1,655	325	180	150	425	225	200
Car, truck or van	3,275	1,890	1,380	195	120	80	390	210	180
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,020	1,805	1,215	180	105	70	345	200	140
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	250	85	165	20	10	10	45	0	40
Public transit	345	125	225	65	25	40	30	15	20
Walked	20	0	10	40	15	20	0	0	0
Bicycle	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other method	75	35	45	10	0	0	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,710	2,050	1,655	325	180	150	425	225	200
Less than 15 minutes	720	390	335	75	35	35	95	50	45
15 to 29 minutes	1,690	950	745	145	105	50	200	110	90
30 to 44 minutes	970	550	420	70	30	40	75	40	35
45 to 59 minutes	155	65	90	20	10	10	20	10	10
60 minutes and over	170	95	70	15	0	15	30	15	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,710	2,050	1,655	325	180	150	425	225	200
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	270	165	105	25	15	10	40	20	20
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	555	255	300	35	30	10	45	30	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	680	345	335	65	30	35	85	45	45
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	620	370	255	60	30	30	60	40	25
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	565	315	250	50	30	15	55	20	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,010	600	410	90	45	50	135	65	70
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,010	1,535	1,475	85	35	45	235	120	115
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	90	40	50	0	0	0	20	5	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,925	1,505	1,425	80	40	45	215	115	100
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,910	945	960	40	15	20	175	90	90
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60	25	35	0	0	0	15	5	10
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35	15	20	0	0	0	5	5	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	10	15	0	0	0	15	5	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,850	920	925	40	20	20	160	85	75

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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