Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062515More information: Alberta [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	6,933	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,436	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,348	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	693.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	9.99	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	6,935	3,425	3,510
0 to 14 years	1,635	835	805
0 to 4 years	560	300	260
5 to 9 years	595	290	310
10 to 14 years	490	245	240
15 to 64 years	4,895	2,405	2,495
15 to 19 years	355	175	180
20 to 24 years	365	200	170
25 to 29 years	435	205	230
30 to 34 years	705	325	385
35 to 39 years	755	370	390
40 to 44 years	685	355	330
45 to 49 years	545	260	280
50 to 54 years	400	200	200
55 to 59 years	395	195	195
60 to 64 years	255	115	135
65 years and over	395	190	210
65 to 69 years	195	85	105
70 to 74 years	100	50	50
75 to 79 years	60	25	35
80 to 84 years	40	20	20
85 years and over	5	10	0
85 to 89 years	5	5	0
90 to 94 years	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	23.6	24.4	22.9
15 to 64 years	70.6	70.2	71.1
65 years and over	5.7	5.5	6.0
85 years and over	0.1	0.3	0.0
Average age of the population	33.5	33.1	33.9
Median age of the population	34.8	34.4	34.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,345	...	...
Single-detached house	1,635	...	...
Semi-detached house	215	...	...
Row house	320	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	35	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	135	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,350	...	...
1 person	350	...	...
2 persons	660	...	...
3 persons	505	...	...
4 persons	545	...	...
5 or more persons	290	...	...
Number of persons in private households	6,930	3,425	3,510
Average household size	3.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	5,295	2,590	2,705
Married or living common-law	3,630	1,810	1,820
Married	3,150	1,565	1,580
Living common-law	480	240	240
Living common law - Never married	375	190	180
Living common law - Separated	20	10	10
Living common law - Divorced	85	40	45
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	1,665	785	885
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,225	640	585
Not married and not living common law - Separated	100	40	55
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	240	80	160
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	105	25	75
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,015	...	...
2 persons	760	...	...
3 persons	530	...	...
4 persons	555	...	...
5 or more persons	170	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,015	...	...
Total couple families	1,785	...	...
Married couples	1,545	...	...
With children⁶	1,085	...	...
Without children	460	...	...
Common-law couples	240	...	...
With children⁶	80	...	...
Without children	160	...	...
Total one-parent families	230	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	180	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	60	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	6,935	3,425	3,510
Total - Persons in census families	6,240	3,095	3,140
Married spouses or common-law partners	3,565	1,785	1,780
Parents in one-parent families	235	55	175
Children⁶	2,440	1,260	1,185
In a two-parent family	2,090	1,080	1,005
In a one-parent family	355	175	180
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	695	325	365
Living alone	355	165	190
Living with other relatives⁷	180	75	105
Living with non-relatives only	165	95	70
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,350	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,690	...	...
Couple-family households	1,535	...	...
With children⁶	1,015	...	...
Without children	520	...	...
One-parent-family households	160	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	100	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	20	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	115	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	60	...	...
One-person households	355	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	5,295	2,595	2,700
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,030	2,460	2,570
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,400	61,200	45,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,025	2,455	2,570
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	52,800	40,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,680	2,335	2,345
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,000	60,000	40,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,255	2,135	2,120
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,000	61,600	42,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,355	2,050	2,300
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,080	2,500	6,360
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	665	285	385
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	6,120
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,690	800	890
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	5,335	2,645	2,685
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,045	2,520	2,525
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	61,200	71,300	51,120
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,045	2,520	2,525
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,040	58,250	43,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,695	2,390	2,305
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,050	69,200	46,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,250	2,160	2,090
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,950	70,200	47,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,375	2,110	2,260
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,340	6,950	9,630
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	655	275	380
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,840	6,700	8,680
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,655	825	840
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,140	8,880	9,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	5,335	2,645	2,685
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,310	1,275	1,025
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	71,500	81,000	62,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	80,200	90,200	68,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,605	705	900
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,800	30,000	20,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,080	43,200	26,950
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	88.2	91.8	83.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	81.2	84.4	76.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	11.8	8.2	16.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.0	2.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.4	4.3	6.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.9	4.1	6.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	5,295	2,590	2,705
Without total income	265	135	135
With total income	5,025	2,455	2,575
Under $10,000 (including loss)	455	160	290
$10,000 to $19,999	395	165	230
$20,000 to $29,999	540	215	325
$30,000 to $39,999	515	195	315
$40,000 to $49,999	500	220	280
$50,000 to $59,999	510	245	265
$60,000 to $69,999	425	210	215
$70,000 to $79,999	380	190	185
$80,000 to $89,999	290	160	125
$90,000 to $99,999	240	135	105
$100,000 and over	790	555	235
$100,000 to $149,999	575	390	185
$150,000 and over	215	160	50
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	5,295	2,590	2,705
Without after-tax income	265	135	135
With after-tax income	5,030	2,460	2,575
Under $10,000 (including loss)	460	165	295
$10,000 to $19,999	410	170	240
$20,000 to $29,999	610	245	365
$30,000 to $39,999	625	255	370
$40,000 to $49,999	670	315	355
$50,000 to $59,999	590	280	305
$60,000 to $69,999	485	260	225
$70,000 to $79,999	335	195	140
$80,000 to $89,999	285	175	115
$90,000 to $99,999	175	130	50
$100,000 and over	375	265	105
$100,000 to $124,999	190	135	60
$125,000 and over	185	130	50
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	5,295	2,590	2,705
Without employment income	1,040	460	585
With employment income	4,250	2,135	2,115
Under $5,000 (including loss)	365	160	205
$5,000 to $9,999	290	105	185
$10,000 to $19,999	380	130	250
$20,000 to $29,999	310	120	190
$30,000 to $39,999	320	135	180
$40,000 to $49,999	395	180	215
$50,000 to $59,999	410	205	205
$60,000 to $69,999	365	185	180
$70,000 to $79,999	300	160	140
$80,000 to $89,999	240	150	90
$90,000 to $99,999	215	120	90
$100,000 and over	675	485	190
$100,000 to $124,999	345	240	110
$125,000 and over	325	245	85
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	5,295	2,595	2,700
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,940	2,415	2,525
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,200	61,600	42,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,945	2,415	2,525
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,800	52,400	38,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,615	2,305	2,310
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,200	63,200	40,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,250	2,130	2,120
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,800	64,000	42,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,185	1,985	2,195
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	990	890	2,140
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	430	165	265
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,100	5,040	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	5,335	2,645	2,685
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,965	2,495	2,465
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,650	74,700	48,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,970	2,495	2,470
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,680	60,100	41,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,635	2,370	2,265
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	62,250	76,300	47,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,240	2,170	2,070
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,100	77,400	48,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,205	2,070	2,135
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,068	2,664	5,430
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	430	150	275
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,840	5,900	8,900
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	5,335	2,645	2,685
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,275	1,275	995
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	69,500	80,000	60,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	82,800	95,000	67,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,500	660	835
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,200	50,400	21,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	43,600	59,000	31,400
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	94.4	97.0	90.2
Employment income (%)	87.4	90.0	83.6
Government transfers (%)	5.6	3.0	9.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.5	2.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,350	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	355	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,995	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,310	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	133,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	111,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	335	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	79,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	64,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,975	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	143,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	119,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,350	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	80	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	110	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	150	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	160	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	155	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,485	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	380	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	335	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	460	...	...
$200,000 and over	315	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,350	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	110	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	200	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	220	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	175	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,230	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	445	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	345	...	...
$150,000 and over	440	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,955	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	530	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,160	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	141,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	205	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	515	255	260
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	66,500	66,500	65,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,000	56,000	55,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,945	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	141,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	117,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	520	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	106,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,205	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	152,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	175	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	490	275	215
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	70,400	65,500	76,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	58,200	54,400	62,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	6,935	3,425	3,510
0 to 17 years	1,855	950	905
0 to 5 years	680	365	315
18 to 64 years	4,680	2,285	2,395
65 years and over	395	190	210
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	335	150	185
0 to 17 years	105	50	50
0 to 5 years	40	20	20
18 to 64 years	190	75	115
65 years and over	40	20	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.8	4.4	5.3
0 to 17 years (%)	5.6	5.6	5.6
0 to 5 years (%)	5.6	5.0	6.4
18 to 64 years (%)	4.0	3.3	4.8
65 years and over (%)	10.4	12.0	9.5
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	6,935	3,425	3,505
0 to 17 years	1,855	950	905
0 to 5 years	680	365	315
18 to 64 years	4,680	2,285	2,395
65 years and over	400	190	210
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	190	85	105
0 to 17 years	50	25	20
0 to 5 years	15	10	5
18 to 64 years	120	50	75
65 years and over	20	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.7	2.5	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	2.6	2.8	2.4
0 to 5 years (%)	2.4	2.8	2.0
18 to 64 years (%)	2.6	2.1	3.0
65 years and over (%)	5.2	5.0	6.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	6,935	3,425	3,510
In bottom half of the distribution	2,480	1,215	1,265
In bottom decile	300	140	165
In second decile	340	155	190
In third decile	460	230	235
In fourth decile	615	315	300
In fifth decile	765	385	385
In top half of the distribution	4,455	2,210	2,245
In sixth decile	820	400	420
In seventh decile	970	495	480
In eighth decile	910	445	465
In ninth decile	985	480	500
In top decile	765	390	380
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	6,935	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.264	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.332	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.234	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	6,935	3,425	3,505
English only	6,355	3,170	3,190
French only	5	0	5
English and French	410	195	220
Neither English nor French	160	65	90
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	6,935	3,425	3,505
English	6,640	3,290	3,355
French	70	35	35
English and French	70	40	30
Neither English nor French	155	65	90
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	6,935	3,425	3,505
Single responses	6,425	3,165	3,255
Official languages	3,795	1,915	1,880
English	3,730	1,880	1,850
French	65	35	30
Non-official languages	2,625	1,250	1,380
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,625	1,250	1,375
Afro-Asiatic languages	90	45	45
Berber languages	5	5	5
Kabyle	5	5	5
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	85	40	40
Amharic	15	5	5
Arabic	55	25	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	5	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	645	285	360
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	20	10	10
Cebuano	40	15	30
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	5	5
Ilocano	25	10	10
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	5	5	5
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	515	235	280
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5
Creole languages	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	60	30	35
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	15	15
Tamil	20	10	10
Telugu	15	10	10
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,175	580	600
Albanian	20	15	5
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	320	145	175
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	315	145	170
Belarusian	5	5	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5
Czech	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	50	25	25
Russian	180	75	105
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	35	20	15
Bosnian	5	5	0
Croatian	10	5	10
Serbian	15	10	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	5	5	0
Slovak	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	15	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	15	15
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	5	5
German	10	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	5
Afrikaans	10	5	5
Dutch	5	5	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	320	160	165
Indo-Aryan languages	280	140	140
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	5
Gujarati	85	40	45
Hindi	50	20	25
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	20	5	10
Nepali	15	10	5
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	20	15
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5
Urdu	60	30	30
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	45	20	25
Baluchi	5	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	35	15	15
Dari	5	5	5
Iranian Persian	25	10	15
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	475	235	245
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5
Portuguese	55	20	30
Romanian	80	40	40
Spanish	335	170	165
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0
Korean	65	35	25
Mongolian	20	5	10
Niger-Congo languages	35	15	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	440	210	235
Chinese languages	440	210	235
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	385	180	205
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	55	25	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10
Lao	5	5	0
Thai	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	5
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	5
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	10	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	505	255	250
English and French	25	10	15
English and non-official language(s)	435	225	210
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	10
Multiple non-official languages	35	15	20
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	6,935	3,425	3,505
English	3,840	1,925	1,915
French	10	0	5
Non-official language	800	375	430
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	0
Non-Indigenous	800	370	430
English and French	80	45	35
English and non-official language(s)	2,085	1,020	1,060
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	20	20
Multiple non-official languages	80	40	40
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	6,935	3,425	3,505
Single responses	6,390	3,150	3,250
Official languages	4,595	2,285	2,305
English	4,575	2,280	2,295
French	20	5	10
Non-official languages	1,795	860	940
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,795	855	935
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	20	20
Amharic	5	5	5
Arabic	25	10	15
Aramaic languages	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	430	200	230
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	15	10	10
Cebuano	25	15	15
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	10
Ilocano	10	5	5
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	350	160	185
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	20	25
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	5	10
Tamil	15	5	10
Telugu	10	5	5
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	815	400	420
Albanian	5	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	205	100	105
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	200	100	105
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	5
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	30	15	10
Russian	135	60	70
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10
Bosnian	5	5	5
Croatian	10	5	5
Serbian	10	5	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	235	105	125
Indo-Aryan languages	210	95	115
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	80	40	45
Hindi	25	10	10
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	5
Nepali	15	5	10
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	10	10
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0
Urdu	45	20	25
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	10	15
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	20	10	10
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	15	10	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	360	185	180
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0
Portuguese	45	20	25
Romanian	40	25	20
Spanish	265	135	130
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	5	0
Korean	60	35	25
Mongolian	20	10	5
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	330	145	180
Chinese languages	330	145	180
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	300	135	165
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	15	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	10	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	10
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	540	280	260
English and French	10	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	515	265	245
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	6,930	3,425	3,510
None	5,115	2,545	2,565
English	795	385	415
French	65	35	30
Non-official language	715	335	380
Indigenous³⁹	10	5	5
Non-Indigenous	705	330	370
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	125	65	60
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	100	45	50
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	6,935	3,460	3,480
Official languages	6,785	3,395	3,385
English	6,780	3,395	3,385
French	415	165	250
Non-official languages	3,455	1,655	1,795
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,450	1,655	1,790
Afro-Asiatic languages	195	110	85
Berber languages	25	15	10
Kabyle	25	15	10
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	170	100	80
Amharic	45	25	20
Arabic	100	55	40
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	30	15	15
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	805	360	450
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	35	20	15
Cebuano	50	25	30
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	20	15
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	795	360	440
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	0	15
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	120	55	65
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	40	15	25
Tamil	35	25	15
Telugu	55	25	30
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,600	825	780
Albanian	20	15	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	355	185	170
Baltic languages	10	10	0
Latvian	10	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	355	185	170
Belarusian	10	0	0
Bulgarian	20	10	10
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	35	15	25
Russian	250	130	125
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	45	30	15
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	25	15	10
Serbian	20	15	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	65	40	25
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	40	35	10
German	40	35	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	15	15
Afrikaans	10	0	10
Dutch	20	10	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	610	315	295
Indo-Aryan languages	575	305	265
Assamese	10	0	0
Bengali	15	10	10
Gujarati	145	85	60
Hindi	340	165	175
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	30	10	20
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	125	70	60
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	30	10	15
Urdu	145	80	60
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	15	25
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	25	10	20
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	600	295	310
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	20	15	10
Portuguese	90	40	55
Romanian	80	40	35
Spanish	415	200	215
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	40	15	25
Korean	35	25	10
Mongolian	60	30	30
Niger-Congo languages	155	60	105
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	40	20	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	75	25	50
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	550	240	310
Chinese languages	540	235	295
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	490	215	270
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	65	30	35
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	6,935	3,460	3,480
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	95	45	50
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	80	40	40
First Nations (North American Indian)	45	25	20
Métis	40	20	20
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	15	0	10
Non-Indigenous identity	6,845	3,415	3,430
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	6,935	3,460	3,480
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	40	10	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	6,895	3,445	3,450
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,310	...	...
Owner	2,045	...	...
Renter	265	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,310	...	...
Condominium	375	...	...
Not condominium	1,935	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,310	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	65	...	...
2 bedrooms	420	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,260	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	570	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,310	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	515	...	...
5 rooms	555	...	...
6 rooms	465	...	...
7 rooms	300	...	...
8 or more rooms	475	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,310	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,225	...	...
More than one person per room	80	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,310	...	...
Suitable	2,205	...	...
Not suitable	100	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,310	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	30	...	...
2001 to 2005	45	...	...
2006 to 2010	970	...	...
2011 to 2015	530	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	725	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,310	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,285	...	...
Major repairs needed	25	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,310	...	...
One-maintainer household	840	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,295	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	180	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,310	...	...
15 to 24 years	35	...	...
25 to 34 years	445	...	...
35 to 44 years	740	...	...
45 to 54 years	560	...	...
55 to 64 years	350	...	...
65 to 74 years	130	...	...
75 to 84 years	45	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,310	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,885	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	425	...	...
30% to less than 100%	380	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,310	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	520	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	390	...	...
Not suitable only	80	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,790	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,265	...	...
In core need	90	...	...
Not in core need	2,175	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,040	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	88.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	17.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,140	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,070	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	428,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	450,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	270	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	11.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,800	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,760	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	6,935	3,455	3,480
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	20	0	20
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	20	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	20	0	20
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	95	50	50
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	95	50	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	70	30	35
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	15	10
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	6,825	3,405	3,415
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	6,935	3,455	3,475
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	5,955	3,010	2,945
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,715	875	845
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,235	2,135	2,095
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	980	450	535
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	6,935	3,455	3,475
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	3,675	1,900	1,775
Immigrants⁸¹	3,135	1,505	1,630
Before 1980	75	35	40
1980 to 1990	120	70	45
1991 to 2000	250	125	130
2001 to 2010	1,435	680	755
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,260	600	655
2011 to 2015	855	430	425
2016 to 2021	405	170	230
Non-permanent residents⁸³	125	55	70
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	3,130	1,505	1,630
Under 5 years	255	105	150
5 to 14 years	540	275	265
15 to 24 years	320	135	185
25 to 44 years	1,725	830	895
45 years and over	295	155	140
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	3,130	1,505	1,630
Americas	415	195	220
Brazil	30	15	20
Colombia	145	65	75
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	35	15	15
Mexico	35	15	20
Peru	20	10	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	80	35	45
Other places of birth in Americas	75	35	35
Europe	425	225	200
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	20	15	10
France	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	10	0
Poland	40	15	20
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	40	20	20
Russian Federation	45	10	30
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	20	15
United Kingdom⁸⁷	85	45	45
Other places of birth in Europe	125	75	55
Africa	250	125	125
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	40	20	20
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	110	55	55
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	0	15
Other places of birth in Africa	60	30	25
Asia	2,035	955	1,085
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	20	10
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	400	175	220
Hong Kong⁹¹	20	0	15
Korea, South⁹²	25	20	10
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	800	360	445
Viet Nam	35	15	15
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	355	180	180
Pakistan	115	70	45
Sri Lanka	30	10	20
Other places of birth in Asia	200	95	105
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	400	170	235
Americas	65	30	35
Brazil	20	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	80	40	35
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	45	30	15
Africa	40	15	25
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	30	15	15
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10
Asia	220	85	135
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	50	20	30
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	125	45	80
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	10
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	6,935	3,460	3,480
First generation¹⁰⁰	3,315	1,600	1,715
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,390	685	705
Third generation or more¹⁰²	2,235	1,170	1,060
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	3,065	1,475	1,590
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	2,185	1,095	1,090
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	875	560	315
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	1,310	535	775
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	605	230	370
Refugees¹⁰⁸	275	140	130
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	3,065	1,475	1,590
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	100	50	55
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	415	195	220
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	70	50	20
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	145	75	65
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	2,325	1,100	1,230
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	6,935	3,460	3,480
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	3,620	1,715	1,900
South Asian	825	405	420
Chinese	595	250	345
Black	430	210	220
Filipino	995	455	540
Arab	110	70	35
Latin American	345	165	180
Southeast Asian	50	20	30
West Asian	65	25	40
Korean	30	25	10
Japanese	25	10	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	60	30	30
Multiple visible minorities	90	50	40
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	3,315	1,735	1,575
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	6,935	3,455	3,475
Canadian	605	320	280
English	700	360	340
Irish	575	305	275
Scottish	635	355	280
French, n.o.s.¹²²	365	215	150
German	630	335	295
Chinese	685	300	385
Italian	155	85	70
Indian (India)	340	155	185
Ukrainian	305	165	135
Dutch	185	120	65
Polish	170	70	100
Québécois	15	10	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	205	95	115
Filipino	1,020	475	545
French Canadian	45	30	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	40	30	10
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	45	20	25
Métis	25	20	10
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	135	45	90
Russian	210	110	100
Norwegian	135	75	60
Welsh	40	20	25
Portuguese	25	10	15
American	100	45	55
Spanish	160	75	85
Swedish	90	60	35
Hungarian	55	25	30
Acadian	35	25	15
Pakistani	85	45	35
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	85	45	50
Jewish	40	25	20
Punjabi	60	35	25
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	45	20	20
Greek	25	15	10
Jamaican	45	25	25
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	125	50	80
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	30	10	20
Korean	35	25	10
Romanian	65	35	30
Lebanese	70	45	30
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0
Danish	60	25	35
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	30	15	20
Belgian	15	15	0
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	145	70	70
Mexican	35	15	20
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0
Finnish	20	10	15
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	25	10	10
Japanese	35	10	25
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	60	30	25
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	35	10	20
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	15	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	55	35	20
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	65	30	35
Colombian	155	90	65
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	30	25	10
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	10	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	20	15	0
Serbian	25	20	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	70	30	35
Nigerian	65	30	35
Armenian	15	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	15	10	10
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	80	45	40
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	25	10	10
Peruvian	25	10	10
Yoruba	45	20	30
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	20	15	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	15	25
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	50	20	20
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	25	15	15
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	15	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	0	15
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	25	15	15
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	25	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	30	15	15
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	15	10	10
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	65	30	35
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	45	30	15
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	65	35	35
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	6,935	3,460	3,480
Buddhist	85	30	55
Christian	3,475	1,675	1,800
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	680	320	360
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	65	30	35
Baptist	40	25	15
Catholic	1,865	905	955
Christian Orthodox	220	125	90
Jehovah's Witness	15	0	15
Latter Day Saints	150	60	95
Lutheran	40	0	30
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	30	20	10
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	90	45	45
Presbyterian	25	15	10
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	75	25	45
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	175	85	85
Hindu	420	220	200
Jewish	35	20	15
Muslim	355	175	180
Sikh	65	40	25
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	65	30	35
No religion and secular perspectives	2,425	1,265	1,165
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	6,840	3,395	3,440
Non-movers	5,780	2,845	2,935
Movers	1,055	550	510
Non-migrants	885	460	425
Migrants	170	90	80
Internal migrants	130	65	70
Intraprovincial migrants	95	50	45
Interprovincial migrants	35	10	25
External migrants	35	25	15
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	6,395	3,180	3,210
Non-movers	2,975	1,470	1,510
Movers	3,415	1,710	1,700
Non-migrants	2,370	1,220	1,145
Migrants	1,045	485	560
Internal migrants	700	345	360
Intraprovincial migrants	365	170	190
Interprovincial migrants	340	175	165
External migrants	345	145	200
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,335	2,645	2,685
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	520	250	270
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,815	2,400	2,420
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,140	2,050	2,090
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	230	110	120
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,915	1,945	1,970
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,335	2,645	2,690
No certificate, diploma or degree	485	225	265
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,190	600	585
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,655	1,820	1,835
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,485	775	705
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	320	250	70
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	150	100	50
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	165	155	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	910	405	510
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	255	125	130
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,170	1,040	1,130
Bachelor's degree	1,515	735	785
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	175	85	95
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	0	30
Master's degree	405	195	210
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	30	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,140	2,050	2,090
No certificate, diploma or degree	200	85	110
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	710	385	330
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,230	1,585	1,645
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,270	670	605
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	280	220	65
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	120	75	45
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	160	140	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	775	345	425
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	215	100	115
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,960	915	1,040
Bachelor's degree	1,340	635	705
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	160	70	90
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	0	30
Master's degree	395	185	210
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	25	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,335	2,650	2,690
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,680	825	855
Education	175	45	130
13. Education	175	45	130
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	90	40	60
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	85	35	55
Humanities	135	35	105
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	40	10	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	40	0	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	10
54. History	15	10	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	365	140	220
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	20	40
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	80	20	55
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	40	10	35
45. Social sciences	165	90	75
Business, management and public administration	895	405	490
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	10	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	865	395	465
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135	75	70
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	20	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	20	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	65	30	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	275	175	100
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	235	155	75
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	10	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	945	765	180
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	10
14. Engineering	500	370	135
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	190	155	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	110	110	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	100	100	0
48. Precision production	25	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	20	35
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	10	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	10
Health and related fields	440	60	380
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	10	30
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	395	45	345
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	140	70	75
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	75	25	50
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	35	20	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	20	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,140	2,050	2,090
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	910	465	445
Education	165	45	120
13. Education	165	45	120
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	90	40	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	80	35	45
Humanities	120	30	85
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	0	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	0	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	0
54. History	15	10	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	320	110	215
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55	15	40
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	65	20	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	45	10	35
45. Social sciences	145	70	75
Business, management and public administration	795	345	445
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	10	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	765	335	425
Physical and life sciences and technologies	125	65	60
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	15	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	20	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	55	25	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	250	165	85
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	210	145	65
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	0	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	805	650	155
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10
14. Engineering	430	310	120
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	170	140	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	95	95	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	80	80	0
48. Precision production	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	40	20	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	30	10	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0
Health and related fields	385	55	330
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	0	25
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	345	45	295
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	120	60	65
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	60	15	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	30	20	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	20	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,140	2,050	2,090
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	910	465	445
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,230	1,585	1,645
Location of study inside Canada	1,795	915	880
Same as province or territory of residence	1,315	660	655
Different than province or territory of residence	480	255	230
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,435	670	765
Americas	200	95	105
United States of America	50	20	25
Mexico	25	10	10
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	35	10	20
Colombia	50	25	20
Peru	10	0	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	20	10	15
Other locations of study in Americas	15	15	10
Europe	250	130	120
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	15	15	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	15	10	10
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	25	0	15
Russian Federation	30	10	20
Ukraine	20	10	15
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	65	30	30
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	45	30	20
Africa	95	30	60
Nigeria	60	25	35
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10
Other locations of study in Africa	20	10	10
Asia	895	415	480
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	10	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	165	85	80
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	15
Korea, South⁹²	10	10	0
Philippines	335	165	170
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	15	10	10
India	235	95	135
Pakistan	40	25	15
Other locations of study in Asia	55	20	35
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	5,335	2,645	2,690
In the labour force	4,095	2,120	1,975
Employed	3,620	1,915	1,700
Unemployed	475	205	275
Not in the labour force	1,235	525	715
Participation rate	76.8	80.2	73.4
Employment rate	67.9	72.4	63.2
Unemployment rate	11.6	9.7	13.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	5,335	2,650	2,690
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,330	585	740
Worked	4,005	2,055	1,950
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,325	1,295	1,030
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,675	755	920
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.8	42.8	40.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,100	2,125	1,975
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	105	40	65
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	3,995	2,080	1,910
Employee	3,555	1,810	1,740
Permanent position	2,980	1,570	1,410
Temporary position	570	235	335
Fixed term (1 year or more)	225	90	135
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	345	145	205
Self-employed¹⁹²	445	275	170
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,100	2,125	1,975
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	105	40	65
All occupations¹⁹¹	3,995	2,080	1,910
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	30	15	15
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	830	270	560
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	625	475	155
3 Health occupations	365	70	295
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	390	135	255
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	90	40	45
6 Sales and service occupations	900	415	485
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	635	575	65
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	35	15	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	110	85	30
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,100	2,125	1,975
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	105	40	65
All industries¹⁹¹	3,995	2,080	1,910
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	0	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	195	145	45
22 Utilities	70	50	15
23 Construction	375	280	95
31-33 Manufacturing	235	180	50
41 Wholesale trade	135	100	40
44-45 Retail trade	450	205	245
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	215	140	75
51 Information and cultural industries	95	50	40
52 Finance and insurance	160	55	105
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	60	25	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	545	315	230
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	145	90	55
61 Educational services	240	85	155
62 Health care and social assistance	535	90	440
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	40	20	20
72 Accommodation and food services	220	115	105
81 Other services (except public administration)	105	65	45
91 Public administration	170	70	105
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,225	2,180	2,050
English	3,980	2,030	1,945
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	25	10	20
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	25	10	20
English and French	30	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	195	120	75
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,225	2,180	2,050
Single responses	4,205	2,165	2,045
Official languages	4,160	2,130	2,025
English	4,155	2,130	2,020
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	50	25	25
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	50	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	15	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	20
Chinese languages	30	10	20
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	10	20
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	20	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	20	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,225	2,180	2,050
None	4,030	2,060	1,965
English	20	15	10
French	25	15	10
Non-official language	110	60	50
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	110	60	50
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	35	20	15
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,620	1,915	1,700
Worked at home	1,030	485	545
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	430	315	115
Usual place of work	2,155	1,110	1,045
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,155	1,110	1,045
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,925	965	965
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	170	100	75
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	35	25	0
Commute to a different province or territory	25	25	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,590	1,430	1,165
Car, truck or van	2,245	1,275	970
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,070	1,235	825
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	180	40	145
Public transit	240	95	145
Walked	20	15	10
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	80	40	35
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,590	1,430	1,165
Less than 15 minutes	380	140	240
15 to 29 minutes	1,030	590	445
30 to 44 minutes	740	470	265
45 to 59 minutes	260	145	110
60 minutes and over	185	85	100
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,590	1,430	1,165
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	195	115	75
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	505	330	175
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	655	375	285
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	465	235	235
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	280	125	155
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	495	260	235
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,885	960	925
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	115	70	45
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,770	890	880
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,295	645	645
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	85	50	30
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	20	20
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	30	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,210	595	615

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 17, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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