Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062363More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062561More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	1,225	...	...	9,200	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	414	...	...	3,281	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	408	...	...	3,209	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,507.5	...	...	2,350.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.81	...	...	3.91	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	1,225	605	620	9,200	4,535	4,665
0 to 14 years	200	100	95	2,325	1,195	1,125
0 to 4 years	35	15	15	755	380	370
5 to 9 years	60	30	30	840	430	410
10 to 14 years	105	55	50	730	380	350
15 to 64 years	845	415	430	6,165	3,010	3,155
15 to 19 years	115	65	50	470	230	240
20 to 24 years	100	50	55	315	145	170
25 to 29 years	40	20	15	480	230	250
30 to 34 years	35	20	20	810	390	425
35 to 39 years	25	15	15	935	440	500
40 to 44 years	75	35	40	960	480	480
45 to 49 years	90	45	50	745	400	345
50 to 54 years	145	65	75	545	280	270
55 to 59 years	125	65	60	455	215	240
60 to 64 years	90	40	50	445	210	235
65 years and over	190	95	90	715	335	380
65 to 69 years	60	35	30	310	145	170
70 to 74 years	55	25	25	240	105	130
75 to 79 years	30	20	15	125	60	65
80 to 84 years	25	10	15	30	15	10
85 years and over	10	15	0	10	5	5
85 to 89 years	10	5	0	10	5	10
90 to 94 years	5	5	0	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.3	16.5	15.3	25.3	26.4	24.1
15 to 64 years	69.0	68.6	69.4	67.0	66.4	67.6
65 years and over	15.5	15.7	14.5	7.8	7.4	8.1
85 years and over	0.8	2.5	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1
Average age of the population	41.7	41.7	41.8	34.4	34.1	34.8
Median age of the population	46.8	46.8	47.2	36.0	36.0	36.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	410	...	...	3,205	...	...
Single-detached house	325	...	...	2,195	...	...
Semi-detached house	55	...	...	265	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	435	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	20	...	...	310	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	410	...	...	3,210	...	...
1 person	40	...	...	525	...	...
2 persons	145	...	...	1,015	...	...
3 persons	75	...	...	565	...	...
4 persons	95	...	...	715	...	...
5 or more persons	50	...	...	390	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,225	605	620	9,200	4,530	4,670
Average household size	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,030	505	520	6,880	3,340	3,535
Married or living common-law	705	345	355	4,930	2,470	2,465
Married	655	325	325	4,310	2,155	2,155
Living common-law	50	25	25	625	320	310
Living common law - Never married	30	15	15	465	230	230
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	25	10	15
Living common law - Divorced	20	10	10	125	70	55
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	5	10	5	10
Not married and not living common-law	320	155	170	1,945	870	1,075
Not married and not living common law - Never married	265	140	125	1,365	690	675
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	5	10	115	55	65
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	20	5	10	335	100	235
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	25	5	20	130	20	110
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	370	...	...	2,675	...	...
2 persons	150	...	...	1,070	...	...
3 persons	70	...	...	570	...	...
4 persons	105	...	...	755	...	...
5 or more persons	45	...	...	275	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	375	...	...	2,675	...	...
Total couple families	350	...	...	2,450	...	...
Married couples	325	...	...	2,135	...	...
With children⁶	200	...	...	1,385	...	...
Without children	125	...	...	750	...	...
Common-law couples	25	...	...	310	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	120	...	...
Without children	15	...	...	190	...	...
Total one-parent families	20	...	...	225	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	15	...	...	170	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	1,225	605	620	9,200	4,530	4,665
Total - Persons in census families	1,165	580	585	8,310	4,140	4,170
Married spouses or common-law partners	700	350	350	4,895	2,455	2,445
Parents in one-parent families	25	10	20	225	55	170
Children⁶	445	230	215	3,190	1,630	1,560
In a two-parent family	405	210	195	2,845	1,455	1,385
In a one-parent family	40	20	20	345	175	175
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	60	25	40	890	395	495
Living alone	40	15	25	525	230	300
Living with other relatives⁷	20	10	10	170	60	105
Living with non-relatives only	5	0	5	200	105	90
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	410	...	...	3,210	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	345	...	...	2,370	...	...
Couple-family households	325	...	...	2,195	...	...
With children⁶	190	...	...	1,355	...	...
Without children	130	...	...	840	...	...
One-parent-family households	20	...	...	175	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...	110	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	25	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...	90	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	0	...	...	85	...	...
One-person households	40	...	...	525	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,025	510	525	6,875	3,335	3,540
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	965	480	485	6,550	3,195	3,355
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,600	84,000	40,800	60,800	77,500	48,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	965	480	485	6,560	3,200	3,365
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,200	68,000	38,400	52,400	64,500	42,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	920	465	455	6,205	3,085	3,120
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,000	82,000	34,400	58,800	77,000	43,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	690	380	315	5,395	2,740	2,655
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,800	71,000	34,800	60,800	78,000	46,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	775	385	395	5,525	2,605	2,915
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,040	4,600	7,150	4,400	1,340	6,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	60	25	35	725	290	430
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,400	4,800	5,960	5,880	5,160	6,240
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	270	130	145	1,760	805	955
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,700
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,065	515	550	6,855	3,350	3,505
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	990	485	500	6,555	3,210	3,340
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	135,600	203,000	70,000	77,700	95,500	60,550
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	990	485	500	6,570	3,220	3,350
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	94,200	132,500	57,000	61,550	73,400	50,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	915	465	450	6,215	3,100	3,110
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	139,200	207,000	69,600	74,900	93,400	56,450
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	690	365	315	5,345	2,710	2,630
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	118,800	165,000	65,000	74,400	91,500	56,700
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	795	390	405	5,485	2,600	2,885
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,340	7,680	8,960	7,930	6,530	9,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	70	30	45	705	305	400
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	4,000	7,200	7,860	6,650	8,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	260	125	130	1,775	835	940
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,400	9,200	9,600	8,750	8,340	9,120
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,065	515	550	6,850	3,345	3,505
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	325	195	130	2,815	1,605	1,210
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	123,000	164,000	101,000	91,000	101,000	75,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	214,000	274,000	122,000	106,200	122,600	84,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	275	130	150	2,030	900	1,125
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,000	26,000	12,600	28,200	32,400	25,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,600	53,000	24,800	42,160	49,700	36,100
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	95.2	97.0	90.0	91.4	94.4	86.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	60.8	61.6	59.0	78.0	80.8	73.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	4.9	3.0	10.3	8.5	5.5	13.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.3	0.1	0.9	1.1	0.7	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	2.0	1.2	4.0	3.4	2.4	4.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	1.8	1.2	3.6	3.1	2.3	4.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,030	505	520	6,880	3,340	3,535
Without total income	60	25	40	325	145	180
With total income	965	480	485	6,550	3,195	3,355
Under $10,000 (including loss)	110	45	65	530	170	360
$10,000 to $19,999	115	40	70	435	170	270
$20,000 to $29,999	110	50	60	660	240	425
$30,000 to $39,999	70	30	40	585	220	365
$40,000 to $49,999	55	25	30	505	200	300
$50,000 to $59,999	50	15	35	500	215	285
$60,000 to $69,999	40	15	25	505	230	275
$70,000 to $79,999	30	15	15	395	205	190
$80,000 to $89,999	40	20	20	355	185	170
$90,000 to $99,999	40	20	20	355	190	160
$100,000 and over	310	210	100	1,720	1,180	545
$100,000 to $149,999	105	55	50	995	635	365
$150,000 and over	200	155	45	725	550	175
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,030	505	520	6,880	3,340	3,535
Without after-tax income	60	25	40	315	140	175
With after-tax income	965	480	485	6,560	3,195	3,365
Under $10,000 (including loss)	120	45	70	570	180	390
$10,000 to $19,999	115	45	75	465	180	290
$20,000 to $29,999	110	55	60	765	275	495
$30,000 to $39,999	85	40	45	670	270	400
$40,000 to $49,999	70	30	45	640	265	370
$50,000 to $59,999	50	15	30	665	300	365
$60,000 to $69,999	50	25	25	540	280	260
$70,000 to $79,999	45	20	25	475	260	215
$80,000 to $89,999	40	15	30	445	235	210
$90,000 to $99,999	30	15	10	300	180	120
$100,000 and over	245	185	65	1,035	780	260
$100,000 to $124,999	65	40	25	435	310	130
$125,000 and over	180	145	40	605	470	135
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,030	505	520	6,880	3,340	3,535
Without employment income	335	130	205	1,480	600	885
With employment income	690	375	315	5,395	2,740	2,655
Under $5,000 (including loss)	115	55	55	505	210	300
$5,000 to $9,999	65	30	35	320	115	210
$10,000 to $19,999	75	35	40	485	170	315
$20,000 to $29,999	40	25	20	345	135	205
$30,000 to $39,999	30	15	20	320	135	180
$40,000 to $49,999	25	10	10	335	140	195
$50,000 to $59,999	30	10	15	340	145	190
$60,000 to $69,999	25	10	15	370	170	200
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	300	165	140
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	10	300	150	150
$90,000 to $99,999	25	5	15	310	160	145
$100,000 and over	225	160	65	1,460	1,035	425
$100,000 to $124,999	45	25	25	565	340	220
$125,000 and over	180	140	35	895	690	200
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,025	510	525	6,875	3,335	3,540
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	930	460	470	6,445	3,135	3,310
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,600	91,000	41,600	61,600	82,000	47,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	930	460	470	6,450	3,135	3,315
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,200	76,500	37,600	53,200	67,000	42,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	895	440	455	6,145	3,050	3,100
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,400	90,000	39,600	61,600	82,000	45,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	695	365	330	5,405	2,740	2,665
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,000	88,000	34,800	63,200	82,000	47,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	715	375	340	5,165	2,485	2,680
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	940	890	1,210	980	890	2,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	25	10	20	515	185	330
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,240	x	x	8,000	4,920	9,800
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,065	515	550	6,855	3,350	3,505
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	945	465	475	6,445	3,170	3,275
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	114,400	158,000	71,600	82,600	105,100	60,850
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	945	465	475	6,450	3,170	3,285
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	82,600	108,400	57,200	64,400	79,800	49,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	905	450	455	6,140	3,045	3,090
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	115,600	161,000	70,800	82,600	106,400	59,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	710	375	335	5,370	2,730	2,645
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	117,000	163,000	65,600	80,900	102,200	59,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	715	375	340	5,110	2,485	2,620
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,000	4,140	5,940	4,892	3,436	6,275
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	35	0	20	540	215	325
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,000	...	7,200	10,080	6,950	12,160
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,065	515	550	6,850	3,345	3,505
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	330	195	130	2,770	1,580	1,185
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	132,000	162,000	97,000	90,000	100,000	75,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	208,000	268,000	116,000	113,500	136,400	83,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	265	125	145	1,980	885	1,090
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,000	24,200	16,800	33,600	44,000	29,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	40,800	53,000	30,400	50,600	59,000	43,700
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	96.8	98.0	94.0	95.4	97.4	91.8
Employment income (%)	76.8	83.0	64.0	81.6	83.6	78.2
Government transfers (%)	3.3	2.1	5.9	4.7	2.6	8.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.2	x	0.5	1.0	0.5	2.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	410	...	...	3,210	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	188,000	...	...	139,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	157,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	40	...	...	525	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	70,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	58,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	370	...	...	2,685	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	198,000	...	...	154,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	164,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	415	...	...	3,200	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	324,000	...	...	159,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	226,000	...	...	126,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...	505	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	63,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	375	...	...	2,690	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	346,000	...	...	174,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	239,000	...	...	138,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	410	...	...	3,210	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	130	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	140	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	125	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	160	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	0	...	...	160	...	...
$100,000 and over	310	...	...	2,215	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	410	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	30	...	...	360	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	65	...	...	610	...	...
$200,000 and over	185	...	...	835	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	410	...	...	3,210	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	45	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	55	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	70	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	170	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	160	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	185	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	0	...	...	230	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	200	...	...
$100,000 and over	295	...	...	1,900	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	40	...	...	475	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	40	...	...	430	...	...
$150,000 and over	215	...	...	995	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	365	...	...	2,620	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	198,000	...	...	154,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	164,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	130	...	...	850	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	153,000	...	...	135,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	210	...	...	1,505	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	254,000	...	...	174,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	194,000	...	...	142,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	25	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	45	15	25	720	335	390
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	70,000	x	62,400	64,000	70,500	59,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,400	x	52,400	54,000	58,400	50,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	380	...	...	2,610	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	346,000	...	...	176,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	239,000	...	...	139,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	125	...	...	890	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	420,000	...	...	165,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	276,000	...	...	132,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	200	...	...	1,460	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	340,000	...	...	191,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	240,000	...	...	150,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	215	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	150,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	45	0	30	695	295	400
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	84,000	x	90,000	70,000	70,500	69,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	74,000	x	80,000	56,900	57,600	56,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	1,225	605	620	9,200	4,535	4,665
0 to 17 years	260	130	135	2,635	1,345	1,290
0 to 5 years	40	15	25	945	490	460
18 to 64 years	780	380	395	5,850	2,860	2,990
65 years and over	185	95	90	715	335	380
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	65	30	35	425	205	220
0 to 17 years	20	10	10	135	75	65
0 to 5 years	0	0	5	45	25	20
18 to 64 years	45	20	20	245	120	125
65 years and over	10	5	0	35	10	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.4	5.2	5.6	4.6	4.6	4.6
0 to 17 years (%)	7.0	6.0	6.0	5.3	5.6	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	5.2	5.6	4.8
18 to 64 years (%)	5.2	4.5	5.6	4.2	4.2	4.3
65 years and over (%)	4.0	5.0	x	5.2	3.6	6.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	1,225	605	620	9,200	4,535	4,665
0 to 17 years	260	130	130	2,635	1,345	1,290
0 to 5 years	40	15	20	940	485	455
18 to 64 years	780	380	400	5,850	2,855	2,995
65 years and over	185	95	95	715	330	385
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	40	20	20	265	140	130
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	85	50	35
0 to 5 years	5	0	0	35	20	15
18 to 64 years	25	10	10	165	80	85
65 years and over	5	5	0	10	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.2	2.8	3.4	2.9	3.0	2.7
0 to 17 years (%)	4.0	4.0	x	3.3	3.8	2.6
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	3.2	3.6	2.8
18 to 64 years (%)	3.0	2.5	3.6	2.8	2.8	2.8
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	1.6	1.2	2.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	1,225	605	620	9,200	4,535	4,665
In bottom half of the distribution	235	105	130	2,535	1,220	1,310
In bottom decile	40	20	25	370	180	185
In second decile	80	35	45	405	180	225
In third decile	40	15	25	475	215	260
In fourth decile	25	15	15	610	305	310
In fifth decile	50	20	25	680	340	335
In top half of the distribution	990	500	490	6,665	3,310	3,355
In sixth decile	40	20	20	760	375	385
In seventh decile	85	45	40	930	450	485
In eighth decile	105	60	50	1,260	645	615
In ninth decile	175	90	85	1,615	810	805
In top decile	585	285	295	2,095	1,030	1,070
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	1,225	...	...	9,200	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.486	...	...	0.315	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.527	...	...	0.369	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.418	...	...	0.280	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	6.2	...	...	3.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	1,225	605	620	9,200	4,535	4,665
English only	1,065	540	530	8,600	4,260	4,340
French only	0	0	0	5	5	0
English and French	145	55	85	470	215	250
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	125	50	75
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	1,225	605	620	9,200	4,535	4,665
English	1,195	590	600	8,920	4,400	4,525
French	10	5	10	120	65	50
English and French	5	0	5	30	20	15
Neither English nor French	10	5	10	125	50	75
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	1,225	605	620	9,200	4,535	4,665
Single responses	1,185	590	595	8,855	4,370	4,490
Official languages	915	470	445	6,805	3,405	3,400
English	905	465	440	6,685	3,340	3,340
French	10	5	5	125	65	55
Non-official languages	270	120	150	2,055	960	1,090
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	270	120	150	2,055	960	1,090
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	90	45	50
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	90	40	45
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	80	35	40
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	20	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	15	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	350	150	195
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	20	5	15
Indonesian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	305	135	175
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	10
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	15
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tulu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	150	70	80	1,055	515	535
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	20	260	125	130
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	15	20	260	125	130
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	5	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	10	80	35	50
Russian	5	5	0	110	55	50
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	30	15	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Croatian	10	5	0	10	10	5
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	10	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	20	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	5	50	25	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	5	15	10	10
German	10	0	5	15	10	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	25	15	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	20	30	350	175	175
Indo-Aryan languages	35	15	20	345	170	170
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	50	20	25
Gujarati	10	5	5	60	35	25
Hindi	10	5	5	65	25	35
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	90	45	40
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Urdu	5	5	5	60	35	25
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	10	5	0	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	10	5	10	5	0	5
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	10	0	5	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	20	20	385	185	200
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	15	10	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	5	15
Romanian	0	0	0	55	35	20
Spanish	30	15	15	295	135	160
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Korean	25	10	10	105	50	55
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	35	15	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	5	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	30	35	260	120	140
Chinese languages	70	30	35	255	125	135
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	20	20	185	90	100
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	15	60	30	35
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	20	10	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	20	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	15	25	340	165	175
English and French	0	0	0	15	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	30	10	20	285	140	150
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	1,225	605	620	9,200	4,535	4,665
English	950	480	470	6,850	3,400	3,450
French	0	0	0	20	10	10
Non-official language	65	30	30	600	290	310
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	65	30	30	600	290	310
English and French	10	5	10	70	40	30
English and non-official language(s)	180	85	100	1,575	760	815
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	45	20	20
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	40	10	25
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	1,225	605	620	9,200	4,535	4,665
Single responses	1,165	580	590	8,835	4,350	4,485
Official languages	1,040	520	520	7,615	3,760	3,850
English	1,040	520	525	7,575	3,740	3,840
French	0	0	0	40	20	15
Non-official languages	125	60	65	1,220	585	630
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	125	60	65	1,220	585	630
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	50	25	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	55	25	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	5	45	20	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	225	105	120
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	215	100	110
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	60	30	30	585	290	295
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	130	70	60
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	10	130	70	60
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Russian	5	0	5	75	40	35
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	210	105	105
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	10	200	100	105
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	30	10	20
Gujarati	0	0	5	35	20	20
Hindi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	65	35	30
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	10	5	5	45	25	20
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	5	0	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	5	5	5	0	5
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	240	110	125
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romanian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Spanish	20	10	10	205	100	110
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Korean	10	5	5	95	45	50
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	5	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	20	25	160	75	85
Chinese languages	50	20	25	160	75	85
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	20	125	65	65
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	10	35	15	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	25	30	370	185	180
English and French	10	5	10	15	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	50	20	25	350	180	175
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	1,225	605	620	9,200	4,530	4,665
None	1,065	530	530	7,755	3,845	3,910
English	50	25	30	510	250	255
French	10	5	5	55	30	30
Non-official language	80	40	45	710	320	390
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	80	40	45	710	320	390
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	85	40	45
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	60	30	25
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	1,275	620	650	9,215	4,560	4,660
Official languages	1,265	610	650	9,110	4,520	4,595
English	1,265	610	650	9,110	4,520	4,595
French	155	60	100	420	205	220
Non-official languages	370	165	210	2,695	1,290	1,405
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	370	165	210	2,695	1,290	1,405
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	0	185	95	95
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	0	185	95	95
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	0	135	65	75
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	25	15	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	0	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	495	225	270
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	30	15	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	50	30	25
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	480	220	260
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	110	45	60
Kannada	0	0	0	25	15	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	25	10	15
Telugu	0	0	0	30	15	15
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	255	120	140	1,480	710	765
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	15	25	340	165	170
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	15	25	340	165	170
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	85	30	55
Russian	0	0	0	180	110	75
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	0	15	60	30	30
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Croatian	10	0	10	20	0	15
Serbian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	15	10	70	50	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	25	10	10	40	35	0
German	25	10	10	40	35	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	40	30	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dutch	0	0	0	15	15	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	100	50	45	500	240	260
Indo-Aryan languages	70	35	30	475	230	250
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	75	30	45
Gujarati	0	0	0	90	55	40
Hindi	60	35	30	240	115	125
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	10	15
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	15	120	55	65
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	130	65	65
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	15	15	25	10	10
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	30	15	15	15	10	10
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	40	40	590	260	330
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	10	30	0	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	30	15	10
Romanian	0	0	0	30	20	15
Spanish	55	25	30	510	225	285
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	30	10	25
Korean	30	10	20	30	10	20
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	105	45	60
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	0	10
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	0	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	25	35	340	195	150
Chinese languages	60	25	35	340	195	150
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	60	25	35	275	150	120
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	70	45	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,270	625	650	9,215	4,555	4,660
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	20	0	15	295	155	135
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	20	0	15	270	145	125
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Métis	15	0	15	190	105	85
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,255	620	635	8,925	4,405	4,520
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,270	625	650	9,215	4,555	4,660
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	70	45	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,270	620	650	9,150	4,515	4,630
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	415	...	...	3,200	...	...
Owner	390	...	...	2,925	...	...
Renter	25	...	...	275	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	415	...	...	3,200	...	...
Condominium	75	...	...	780	...	...
Not condominium	340	...	...	2,420	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	415	...	...	3,200	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	40	...	...
2 bedrooms	10	...	...	695	...	...
3 bedrooms	155	...	...	1,445	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	240	...	...	1,020	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	415	...	...	3,200	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	15	...	...	685	...	...
5 rooms	35	...	...	490	...	...
6 rooms	50	...	...	570	...	...
7 rooms	35	...	...	405	...	...
8 or more rooms	275	...	...	1,045	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	8.7	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	415	...	...	3,200	...	...
One person or fewer per room	410	...	...	3,125	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	415	...	...	3,200	...	...
Suitable	410	...	...	3,125	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	415	...	...	3,200	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	15	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	60	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	280	...	...	20	...	...
2006 to 2010	60	...	...	310	...	...
2011 to 2015	10	...	...	1,780	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	1,050	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	415	...	...	3,200	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	405	...	...	3,195	...	...
Major repairs needed	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	415	...	...	3,200	...	...
One-maintainer household	140	...	...	1,155	...	...
Two-maintainer household	260	...	...	1,935	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	10	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	415	...	...	3,200	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	40	...	...
25 to 34 years	15	...	...	590	...	...
35 to 44 years	45	...	...	975	...	...
45 to 54 years	130	...	...	735	...	...
55 to 64 years	110	...	...	470	...	...
65 to 74 years	70	...	...	295	...	...
75 to 84 years	30	...	...	95	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	410	...	...	3,185	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	335	...	...	2,645	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	80	...	...	545	...	...
30% to less than 100%	80	...	...	495	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	410	...	...	3,200	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	80	...	...	605	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	70	...	...	525	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	60	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	330	...	...	2,595	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	415	...	...	3,135	...	...
In core need	20	...	...	125	...	...
Not in core need	390	...	...	3,005	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	390	...	...	2,925	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	51.3	...	...	81.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	16.7	...	...	15.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.1	...	...	2.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,680	...	...	2,240	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,160	...	...	2,306	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	750,000	...	...	552,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	796,000	...	...	583,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	25	...	...	270	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	38.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	17.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	1,860	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,800	...	...	1,840	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,275	625	650	9,220	4,560	4,655
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	60	40	20
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	60	40	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	40	20	15
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	20	15	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	255	125	130
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	255	125	130
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	165	80	80
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	95	45	45
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,250	620	630	8,900	4,395	4,505
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,275	625	650	9,220	4,560	4,660
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,205	600	605	8,620	4,295	4,325
Canadian citizens aged under 18	265	130	130	2,555	1,315	1,245
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	945	470	475	6,060	2,980	3,080
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	65	25	40	600	265	330
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,275	625	650	9,220	4,560	4,660
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	925	465	460	6,625	3,335	3,290
Immigrants⁸¹	345	160	185	2,550	1,210	1,345
Before 1980	65	25	35	175	50	120
1980 to 1990	45	15	30	205	120	90
1991 to 2000	35	25	15	345	160	185
2001 to 2010	130	70	55	880	430	450
2011 to 2021⁸²	75	30	45	950	445	505
2011 to 2015	15	0	15	585	265	315
2016 to 2021	55	25	35	365	180	185
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	40	15	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	350	160	185	2,555	1,205	1,345
Under 5 years	50	30	20	280	130	145
5 to 14 years	35	15	20	390	205	185
15 to 24 years	50	10	40	450	160	290
25 to 44 years	165	80	85	1,235	605	635
45 years and over	45	20	20	200	100	100
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	350	160	185	2,555	1,205	1,345
Americas	30	10	20	470	210	260
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	65	20	40
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	65	30	35
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	15	10	10	150	75	80
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	150	70	80
Europe	90	40	50	560	255	310
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	25	10	20
Croatia	0	0	0	15	10	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	15	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	10	0
Poland	10	10	0	50	20	30
Portugal	0	0	0	10	10	0
Romania	0	0	0	25	15	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	85	40	45
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	20	0	20
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	15	15	200	80	120
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	80	40	45
Africa	15	10	10	170	75	95
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	30	10	20
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	50	25	30
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	30	10	20
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	45	20	20
Asia	200	100	100	1,320	640	680
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	15	15	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	35	25	10	185	75	110
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	40	30	10
Korea, South⁹²	25	10	15	10	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	15	500	245	255
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25	10	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	40	20	20
India	70	30	40	280	145	140
Pakistan	0	0	0	65	40	30
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	0	15
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	100	50	50
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	35	25	10
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	55	25	35	365	180	185
Americas	0	0	0	65	30	30
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	30	15	15
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	20	15	10	90	45	45
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	15	10	35	15	15
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	30	15	15
Africa	0	0	0	40	20	25
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	35	15	20	160	80	80
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	20	0	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	25	15	15	55	25	30
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	35	20	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	1,270	625	650	9,215	4,560	4,660
First generation¹⁰⁰	385	185	195	2,665	1,260	1,410
Second generation¹⁰¹	195	100	85	1,855	995	865
Third generation or more¹⁰²	695	335	360	4,690	2,305	2,385
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	280	135	150	2,380	1,155	1,225
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	205	105	100	1,560	785	775
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	90	60	30	595	385	210
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	115	45	75	965	400	560
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	40	10	35	535	230	305
Refugees¹⁰⁸	45	25	20	280	135	145
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	280	135	150	2,380	1,155	1,225
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	130	80	50
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	40	15	30	325	135	185
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	10	10	70	35	30
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	0	10	135	75	65
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	195	100	100	1,715	830	885
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	1,270	625	650	9,215	4,555	4,660
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	315	135	180	2,880	1,400	1,480
South Asian	90	40	50	705	330	375
Chinese	80	35	45	445	240	210
Black	0	0	0	255	120	140
Filipino	20	0	15	670	350	320
Arab	25	15	0	155	70	80
Latin American	20	10	10	380	165	215
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	110	55	50
West Asian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Korean	30	10	15	20	10	10
Japanese	25	0	15	20	0	20
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	35	20	10
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	70	30	45
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	955	490	470	6,335	3,160	3,175
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	1,275	620	645	9,215	4,560	4,660
Canadian	150	95	60	1,160	630	530
English	290	120	170	1,750	875	875
Irish	125	50	75	1,365	655	710
Scottish	265	140	130	1,330	615	715
French, n.o.s.¹²²	60	15	45	685	270	415
German	240	125	115	1,085	565	515
Chinese	70	30	35	435	225	210
Italian	40	20	20	280	120	160
Indian (India)	60	30	30	395	190	210
Ukrainian	125	50	75	650	330	320
Dutch	35	20	20	330	160	170
Polish	65	30	30	380	150	230
Québécois	0	0	0	20	0	10
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	110	70	40	445	215	230
Filipino	20	0	10	620	335	285
French Canadian	10	10	0	70	30	40
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	135	75	60
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	95	40	50
Métis	20	0	20	110	60	50
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	15	0	15	235	115	120
Russian	65	25	35	290	165	125
Norwegian	60	40	25	340	140	205
Welsh	25	0	20	125	60	70
Portuguese	0	0	0	30	20	10
American	70	35	30	120	55	70
Spanish	15	10	10	195	115	85
Swedish	15	10	10	85	45	40
Hungarian	10	0	0	120	60	60
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	120	55	65
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	55	30	25
Jewish	0	0	0	40	30	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	35	15	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	55	45	15
Jamaican	0	0	0	30	10	15
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	100	35	60
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	50	35	15
Korean	30	15	20	30	20	15
Romanian	0	0	0	100	60	45
Lebanese	0	0	0	80	60	20
Iranian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	20	15	0
Danish	0	0	0	95	60	35
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	15	10	15
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Belgian	0	0	0	60	20	40
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	80	35	45
Mexican	0	0	0	80	35	45
Mennonite	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swiss	0	0	0	70	15	55
Finnish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	25	0	20
Croatian	10	0	10	60	25	40
Japanese	20	0	20	45	15	30
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	20	0	15
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	85	45	40
Muslim	0	0	0	30	10	10
Egyptian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	90	45	40
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	20	15	10	65	40	20
Colombian	0	0	0	80	30	50
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	55	25	30
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	45	10	30
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	30	20	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	45	25	20
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	20	0	15
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	10	0	25	0	20
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	35	0	35
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	30	10	25
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	10	0	10
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	0	20
South African	0	0	0	10	10	0
Australian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	15	10	10
Peruvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	50	20	30
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	40	35	10
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	15	0	10
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	10	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	25	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	110	60	45
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	145	65	75
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	15	0	15
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	40	20	15
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	20	15	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	10	0	10
Igorot	0	0	0	30	10	15
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	25	15	15
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	1,270	625	650	9,215	4,555	4,655
Buddhist	0	0	0	60	25	35
Christian	675	335	340	4,885	2,285	2,600
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	145	70	80	925	435	490
Anabaptist	0	0	0	10	0	10
Anglican	65	40	25	200	90	115
Baptist	0	0	0	55	25	30
Catholic	295	140	155	2,350	1,100	1,250
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	110	55	55
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	50	30	20
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	195	90	105
Lutheran	15	10	0	60	25	45
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	20	0	10	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	30	20	10	95	55	40
Presbyterian	20	10	10	75	40	30
Reformed	0	0	0	20	10	10
United Church	15	0	10	380	150	230
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	55	20	35	345	175	170
Hindu	55	20	35	240	125	115
Jewish	0	0	0	30	20	10
Muslim	40	25	15	345	160	185
Sikh	20	10	10	110	55	55
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	15	0	10	45	25	20
No religion and secular perspectives	455	215	235	3,505	1,875	1,640
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,265	620	650	9,085	4,505	4,585
Non-movers	1,090	530	560	7,745	3,840	3,910
Movers	180	90	90	1,340	665	675
Non-migrants	115	55	60	940	490	455
Migrants	60	30	30	395	175	220
Internal migrants	40	20	15	300	140	165
Intraprovincial migrants	25	10	15	80	45	40
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	220	95	130
External migrants	0	0	0	95	40	55
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	1,240	600	635	8,440	4,165	4,270
Non-movers	880	435	445	4,425	2,225	2,200
Movers	360	165	190	4,015	1,945	2,070
Non-migrants	165	85	80	2,780	1,350	1,430
Migrants	195	85	110	1,235	590	645
Internal migrants	160	65	95	965	465	500
Intraprovincial migrants	75	30	45	490	260	230
Interprovincial migrants	80	35	50	480	205	270
External migrants	35	20	15	265	125	145
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,065	515	550	6,850	3,345	3,505
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	80	45	30	640	330	305
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	985	470	520	6,215	3,015	3,205
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	640	305	335	5,335	2,630	2,710
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	0	0	0	280	155	125
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	635	305	330	5,055	2,470	2,590
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,065	520	545	6,855	3,350	3,505
No certificate, diploma or degree	80	50	35	545	290	260
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	220	105	115	1,615	770	845
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	760	365	395	4,690	2,285	2,405
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	175	70	105	2,020	1,065	955
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35	30	0	475	390	80
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	20	20	0	140	100	40
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	10	0	330	295	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	90	25	75	1,275	555	720
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	20	30	270	120	150
Bachelor's degree or higher	585	295	290	2,670	1,220	1,450
Bachelor's degree	360	170	190	1,890	830	1,060
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	25	25	140	55	85
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	0	40	25	15
Master's degree	160	85	65	545	280	270
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	0	10	55	30	25
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	640	305	335	5,340	2,625	2,710
No certificate, diploma or degree	0	0	0	205	120	85
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	55	35	20	995	505	490
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	585	270	310	4,135	1,995	2,135
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	45	80	1,765	945	820
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	15	0	420	350	70
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	15	0	110	80	30
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	0	0	310	270	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	75	15	55	1,120	490	635
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	10	15	220	110	115
Bachelor's degree or higher	460	225	235	2,375	1,050	1,320
Bachelor's degree	280	130	145	1,665	715	945
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40	20	20	125	45	80
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	40	25	15
Master's degree	125	70	55	505	250	255
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	10	40	15	25
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,065	515	550	6,855	3,350	3,505
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	305	155	150	2,165	1,060	1,100
Education	50	0	45	295	75	220
13. Education	50	0	45	295	75	220
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	125	55	75
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	120	45	75
Humanities	50	10	45	155	50	100
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20	20	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	35	0	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	35	10	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	40	20	20
54. History	10	0	10	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	90	30	60	485	150	330
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	55	10	45
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	60	0	60
22. Legal professions and studies	35	15	20	95	40	55
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	0	0	0	100	25	75
45. Social sciences	35	15	25	155	75	85
Business, management and public administration	215	125	85	1,260	570	685
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	0	45	0	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	200	125	75	1,205	570	635
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60	30	25	185	80	105
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	50	25	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	10	25	45	10	35
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	85	50	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	0	25	205	140	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	0	15	175	115	60
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	30	20	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	140	120	20	1,050	910	140
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	35	15	20
14. Engineering	95	85	10	425	345	75
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	245	215	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	165	160	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	135	125	10
48. Precision production	0	0	0	50	50	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	45	20	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	35	15	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	15	0	0
Health and related fields	90	20	70	720	120	600
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	35	15	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	90	20	65	675	100	575
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	0	15	170	120	55
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	0	15	75	35	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	65	50	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	25	25	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	640	305	335	5,335	2,625	2,710
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	60	30	25	1,200	630	570
Education	25	0	25	230	45	185
13. Education	25	0	25	230	45	185
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	105	50	60
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	105	40	60
Humanities	40	10	35	115	30	85
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	20	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	25	0	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	15	30	0	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	15	10	10
54. History	10	0	10	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	85	25	55	410	125	285
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	50	10	40
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	55	0	55
22. Legal professions and studies	35	15	20	85	35	55
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	0	0	0	85	15	65
45. Social sciences	30	10	25	120	60	60
Business, management and public administration	180	110	80	1,115	490	625
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	10	40	0	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	175	105	65	1,075	490	580
Physical and life sciences and technologies	40	20	15	170	65	105
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	50	25	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	0	15	45	10	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	65	30	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	0	15	185	125	60
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	0	15	160	110	50
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	25	20	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	85	75	15	970	830	140
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	35	10	25
14. Engineering	70	70	0	390	310	75
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	240	210	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	150	145	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	110	100	10
48. Precision production	0	0	0	50	45	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	45	20	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	35	15	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	15	0	10
Health and related fields	75	15	60	635	110	525
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	30	10	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	75	15	55	595	95	500
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	10	150	110	40
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10	60	30	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	65	50	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	20	20	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	640	305	335	5,335	2,625	2,710
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	60	30	25	1,200	630	570
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	580	270	310	4,135	2,000	2,140
Location of study inside Canada	420	200	220	3,055	1,475	1,580
Same as province or territory of residence	240	100	135	2,070	1,005	1,065
Different than province or territory of residence	180	95	80	980	465	515
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	160	70	90	1,080	525	560
Americas	40	20	20	300	185	115
United States of America	35	20	15	175	130	50
Mexico	0	0	0	25	15	15
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	15	0	15
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	55	25	30
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	40	20	20	220	110	110
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	10	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	15	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	40	10	25
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	10	10	120	75	50
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	70	35	35
Nigeria	0	0	0	30	20	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	15	10	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	15	0	10
Asia	75	35	45	455	165	290
Iran⁸⁸	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	20	10	15	50	20	30
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10	200	70	130
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	25	10	15	135	60	80
Pakistan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	35	25	10
Australia	0	0	0	25	15	10
New Zealand	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,065	520	545	6,855	3,350	3,505
In the labour force	685	375	310	5,170	2,715	2,455
Employed	580	325	255	4,705	2,460	2,240
Unemployed	105	50	50	470	250	210
Not in the labour force	380	135	240	1,685	630	1,050
Participation rate	64.3	72.1	56.9	75.4	81.0	70.0
Employment rate	54.5	62.5	46.8	68.6	73.4	63.9
Unemployment rate	15.3	13.3	16.1	9.1	9.2	8.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,065	515	550	6,855	3,350	3,505
Did not work¹⁸⁶	400	155	240	1,720	660	1,060
Worked	670	360	310	5,135	2,685	2,445
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	345	210	135	2,945	1,690	1,250
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	325	150	175	2,190	995	1,195
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.1	42.3	37.6	42.3	43.1	41.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	690	380	305	5,170	2,715	2,455
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	15	25	110	55	50
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	645	360	280	5,060	2,660	2,405
Employee	500	270	225	4,255	2,175	2,080
Permanent position	355	195	160	3,725	1,935	1,790
Temporary position	140	75	65	530	240	290
Fixed term (1 year or more)	40	20	15	195	70	125
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	110	60	50	335	170	165
Self-employed¹⁹²	145	90	55	805	480	325
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	690	380	305	5,170	2,715	2,455
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	15	25	110	55	50
All occupations¹⁹¹	645	360	280	5,060	2,660	2,405
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	30	30	0	80	60	25
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	175	95	85	1,080	315	765
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	80	55	20	665	465	195
3 Health occupations	70	15	55	500	70	425
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	85	35	50	510	220	295
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	40	20	25	120	60	60
6 Sales and service occupations	95	50	45	1,075	540	535
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	45	40	0	805	725	75
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	15	15	0	90	75	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	10	0	130	115	20
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	690	380	305	5,170	2,715	2,455
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	15	25	110	55	50
All industries¹⁹¹	645	360	280	5,060	2,660	2,405
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	25	15	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	45	40	0	280	205	80
22 Utilities	30	15	10	55	45	10
23 Construction	15	15	0	570	460	110
31-33 Manufacturing	15	10	0	205	155	55
41 Wholesale trade	30	20	15	250	180	75
44-45 Retail trade	15	10	10	470	240	230
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20	15	10	305	210	90
51 Information and cultural industries	15	10	10	120	75	45
52 Finance and insurance	50	30	20	210	85	120
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	10	0	85	35	50
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	140	105	35	610	345	265
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	30	0	25
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	20	15	0	155	80	70
61 Educational services	45	0	40	285	75	205
62 Health care and social assistance	80	20	65	710	105	605
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	35	20	15	80	35	45
72 Accommodation and food services	40	15	20	200	90	115
81 Other services (except public administration)	15	0	15	200	80	120
91 Public administration	15	0	10	215	135	75
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	710	390	325	5,390	2,795	2,595
English	695	385	305	5,205	2,715	2,495
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	35	15	20
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	35	15	20
English and French	0	0	0	35	15	20
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	110	50	55
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	710	390	325	5,390	2,795	2,595
Single responses	705	385	320	5,370	2,785	2,585
Official languages	705	385	320	5,325	2,760	2,560
English	700	385	315	5,310	2,755	2,550
French	0	0	0	15	0	10
Non-official languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	20	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	20	10	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	710	390	325	5,390	2,795	2,595
None	705	390	320	5,260	2,740	2,525
English	0	0	0	20	10	10
French	0	0	0	25	15	10
Non-official language	0	0	0	65	30	40
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	65	30	40
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	580	325	260	4,705	2,465	2,240
Worked at home	260	160	100	1,425	695	725
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	35	20	10
No fixed workplace address	40	30	10	570	445	130
Usual place of work	280	140	135	2,680	1,300	1,380
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	275	140	135	2,680	1,300	1,380
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	240	120	120	2,365	1,130	1,230
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	20	0	15	225	105	115
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10	10	0	65	35	30
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	30	30	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	320	170	150	3,250	1,745	1,510
Car, truck or van	260	140	120	3,030	1,640	1,390
Car, truck or van - as a driver	250	130	120	2,865	1,600	1,265
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	10	0	165	40	125
Public transit	20	15	0	70	15	55
Walked	25	0	20	50	20	20
Bicycle	0	0	0	20	20	0
Other method	15	0	10	80	50	35
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	320	170	150	3,250	1,745	1,510
Less than 15 minutes	60	20	40	625	260	370
15 to 29 minutes	160	80	80	1,510	850	665
30 to 44 minutes	70	40	25	850	475	375
45 to 59 minutes	10	10	0	170	95	70
60 minutes and over	25	20	0	100	65	30
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	320	170	150	3,250	1,745	1,510
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	245	190	55
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	40	25	15	740	435	310
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	120	60	60	865	460	405
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	65	20	40	625	320	305
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	60	35	25	350	120	225
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	40	25	15	430	220	210
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	270	140	130	2,660	1,360	1,300
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	10	20	180	95	85
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	240	125	115	2,485	1,265	1,220
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	235	125	110	1,835	935	900
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	15	20	130	75	60
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	10	10	60	35	25
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	5	75	35	35
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	205	110	95	1,705	865	845

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 5, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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