Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

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	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	389	...	...	410	...	...	36,991,981	...	...	374	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	35,151,728	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	5.2	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	116	...	...	156	...	...	16,284,235	...	...	210	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	114	...	...	150	...	...	14,978,941	...	...	174	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	614.7	...	...	1,263.5	...	...	4.2	...	...	2,675.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.63	...	...	0.32	...	...	8,788,702.80	...	...	0.14	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	390	200	195	410	195	215	36,991,980	18,226,240	18,765,740	375	205	170
0 to 14 years	65	30	35	80	35	45	6,012,795	3,086,510	2,926,285	40	30	15
0 to 4 years	10	10	5	15	5	5	1,831,195	938,790	892,405	15	5	5
5 to 9 years	25	15	10	25	20	5	2,054,900	1,054,240	1,000,655	10	10	0
10 to 14 years	30	10	15	45	15	30	2,126,705	1,093,480	1,033,225	20	10	5
15 to 64 years	290	150	145	240	110	130	23,957,760	11,915,050	12,042,710	280	150	130
15 to 19 years	50	30	20	20	10	10	2,012,975	1,036,730	976,240	25	10	15
20 to 24 years	30	15	15	10	10	0	2,202,255	1,138,825	1,063,430	25	5	15
25 to 29 years	15	5	5	20	10	10	2,421,510	1,228,135	1,193,370	25	10	10
30 to 34 years	25	10	15	20	10	5	2,518,835	1,252,795	1,266,040	30	20	10
35 to 39 years	20	10	15	20	5	10	2,511,345	1,238,515	1,272,835	25	10	15
40 to 44 years	35	15	20	25	10	15	2,399,405	1,175,875	1,223,530	35	20	15
45 to 49 years	55	30	25	30	10	20	2,304,170	1,129,185	1,174,985	35	15	20
50 to 54 years	30	10	20	30	15	10	2,368,350	1,161,665	1,206,685	25	15	10
55 to 59 years	35	20	10	30	10	15	2,647,330	1,299,975	1,347,350	40	20	20
60 to 64 years	15	5	10	45	20	30	2,571,580	1,253,335	1,318,245	25	15	10
65 years and over	25	10	10	90	50	40	7,021,430	3,224,680	3,796,750	50	25	25
65 to 69 years	15	0	5	35	20	15	2,210,970	1,065,305	1,145,665	15	10	5
70 to 74 years	5	0	0	25	15	10	1,847,585	879,850	967,735	10	5	5
75 to 79 years	5	5	0	15	5	5	1,260,930	589,090	671,845	10	5	5
80 to 84 years	0	0	0	5	0	5	840,545	370,905	469,645	5	5	0
85 years and over	0	0	0	15	10	10	861,395	319,540	541,860	5	0	5
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	5	5	0	525,445	212,735	312,705	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	10	5	5	258,035	87,300	170,735	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,380	17,670	50,715	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,535	1,830	7,710	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.7	15.0	17.9	19.5	17.9	20.9	16.3	16.9	15.6	10.7	14.6	8.8
15 to 64 years	74.4	75.0	74.4	58.5	56.4	60.5	64.8	65.4	64.2	74.7	73.2	76.5
65 years and over	6.4	5.0	5.1	22.0	25.6	18.6	19.0	17.7	20.2	13.3	12.2	14.7
85 years and over	0.0	0.0	0.0	3.7	5.1	4.7	2.3	1.8	2.9	1.3	0.0	2.9
Average age of the population	36.2	36.0	36.6	44.4	44.8	44.2	41.9	41.0	42.8	42.2	41.4	43.2
Median age of the population	38.8	37.2	39.2	46.8	47.2	46.4	41.6	40.4	42.8	43.2	42.4	44.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	115	...	...	150	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	170	...	...
Single-detached house	115	...	...	150	...	...	7,872,310	...	...	40	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	746,560	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	980,110	...	...	35	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	0	...	...	821,490	...	...	65	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	2,738,020	...	...	30	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,596,155	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	34,880	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	189,420	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	110	...	...	150	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	175	...	...
1 person	5	...	...	20	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	65	...	...
2 persons	30	...	...	65	...	...	5,124,800	...	...	55	...	...
3 persons	20	...	...	15	...	...	2,194,825	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	40	...	...	30	...	...	2,002,455	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	15	...	...	1,260,850	...	...	10	...	...
Number of persons in private households	385	195	190	410	195	215	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,245	370	205	170
Average household size	3.4	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	325	165	160	330	160	165	30,979,185	15,139,730	15,839,460	330	175	160
Married or living common-law	205	105	100	245	125	125	17,626,005	8,813,405	8,812,595	120	65	60
Married	185	95	90	230	115	115	13,725,625	6,859,755	6,865,875	90	50	40
Living common-law	20	10	10	20	10	10	3,900,375	1,953,650	1,946,725	35	20	20
Living common law - Never married	15	5	5	10	5	5	2,967,665	1,485,985	1,481,685	30	10	15
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	123,830	65,045	58,785	5	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	5	0	5	5	0	0	721,715	365,760	355,950	5	5	0
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,165	36,860	50,300	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	120	60	60	85	40	45	13,353,180	6,326,325	7,026,860	215	110	100
Not married and not living common law - Never married	100	60	45	60	30	25	9,025,865	4,881,410	4,144,455	125	70	60
Not married and not living common law - Separated	0	0	0	5	0	0	741,135	319,045	422,090	30	10	20
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	10	0	10	10	0	5	1,921,880	760,425	1,161,460	35	25	10
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	10	5	10	1,664,295	365,440	1,298,855	15	5	15
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	105	...	...	125	...	...	10,262,925	...	...	85	...	...
2 persons	25	...	...	65	...	...	5,306,105	...	...	50	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	15	...	...	2,147,825	...	...	20	...	...
4 persons	40	...	...	35	...	...	1,953,035	...	...	5	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	15	...	...	855,960	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	3.4	...	...	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	2.0	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	110	...	...	130	...	...	10,262,925	...	...	90	...	...
Total couple families	100	...	...	125	...	...	8,576,585	...	...	60	...	...
Married couples	85	...	...	115	...	...	6,627,310	...	...	40	...	...
With children⁶	70	...	...	60	...	...	3,481,775	...	...	20	...	...
Without children	15	...	...	60	...	...	3,145,535	...	...	25	...	...
Common-law couples	10	...	...	10	...	...	1,949,275	...	...	15	...	...
With children⁶	5	...	...	0	...	...	808,645	...	...	5	...	...
Without children	5	...	...	5	...	...	1,140,630	...	...	5	...	...
Total one-parent families	5	...	...	5	...	...	1,686,340	...	...	30	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	5	...	...	5	...	...	1,302,670	...	...	25	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	0	...	...	0	...	...	383,670	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	390	195	190	410	195	215	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,245	375	205	170
Total - Persons in census families	365	185	180	380	185	195	29,478,475	14,616,850	14,861,625	230	115	115
Married spouses or common-law partners	195	100	100	245	120	125	17,153,165	8,577,610	8,575,560	115	60	60
Parents in one-parent families	10	5	10	10	0	5	1,686,340	383,675	1,302,670	30	5	20
Children⁶	160	85	75	130	60	65	10,638,965	5,655,570	4,983,400	85	50	35
In a two-parent family	150	75	70	120	60	60	8,024,590	4,238,785	3,785,805	45	25	25
In a one-parent family	15	5	10	10	5	5	2,614,375	1,416,785	1,197,595	40	30	15
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	25	10	10	30	10	20	6,850,005	3,320,385	3,529,620	145	85	55
Living alone	5	5	5	25	5	15	4,396,015	2,048,495	2,347,520	65	35	25
Living with other relatives⁷	15	10	10	5	5	5	927,345	393,085	534,260	10	10	0
Living with non-relatives only	5	5	5	5	0	0	1,526,645	878,800	647,840	70	45	25
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	115	...	...	150	...	...	14,978,945	...	...	175	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	95	...	...	125	...	...	8,932,695	...	...	65	...	...
Couple-family households	90	...	...	115	...	...	7,627,195	...	...	50	...	...
With children⁶	70	...	...	55	...	...	3,789,795	...	...	25	...	...
Without children	20	...	...	60	...	...	3,837,400	...	...	20	...	...
One-parent-family households	10	...	...	5	...	...	1,305,500	...	...	20	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...	0	...	...	441,745	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	94,235	...	...	5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	0	...	...	5	...	...	450,415	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	5	...	...	0	...	...	663,835	...	...	30	...	...
One-person households	5	...	...	20	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	65	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	320	165	160	330	160	170	30,336,135	14,861,555	15,474,575	335	170	155
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	295	150	145	315	150	155	29,241,810	14,316,155	14,925,660	310	165	150
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,800	55,200	38,000	70,000	82,000	54,400	41,200	46,400	36,800	31,200	31,400	31,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	295	150	145	315	150	155	29,256,180	14,323,750	14,932,425	310	165	150
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	48,800	36,400	56,400	72,000	46,400	36,800	40,800	33,600	29,400	29,800	28,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	270	140	130	300	150	150	26,045,500	13,010,250	13,035,250	230	125	110
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	55,600	36,800	64,000	78,000	51,600	35,200	42,400	29,200	28,800	28,600	29,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	230	120	110	210	105	100	21,127,615	10,906,485	10,221,130	200	110	90
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,200	68,000	44,800	49,200	81,000	36,000	37,200	43,200	32,000	31,600	29,800	32,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	240	120	125	250	130	120	25,401,740	12,065,555	13,336,180	290	150	140
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,120	2,980	4,600	5,400	3,960	6,700	9,800	8,500	11,000	14,500	15,100	13,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	25	10	10	10	0	5	3,185,840	1,548,250	1,637,590	50	35	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,450	x	x	x	...	x	5,720	5,760	5,720	6,850	6,850	x
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	90	50	40	50	25	20	8,373,550	4,140,705	4,232,845	130	65	55
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,000	9,000	6,500	5,040	9,500	8,000	8,000	8,000	13,000	13,000	12,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	320	150	175	315	155	160	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,670	370	185	185
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	300	140	155	300	155	150	29,242,935	14,316,595	14,926,335	360	185	170
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	66,000	88,000	46,000	105,000	122,000	88,000	54,450	62,650	46,560	35,200	39,600	30,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	300	140	155	300	155	150	29,257,325	14,324,165	14,933,160	360	185	170
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,200	68,000	40,000	81,000	92,000	70,000	44,920	50,320	39,680	32,000	35,200	28,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	275	135	145	300	155	145	26,047,020	13,011,765	13,035,250	275	150	125
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	63,600	84,000	45,000	100,000	116,000	84,000	50,240	59,500	41,000	29,000	33,500	23,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	245	130	115	205	110	95	21,127,690	10,908,965	10,218,725	235	125	105
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	68,000	86,000	48,000	78,500	110,000	44,000	50,280	58,050	42,000	30,200	34,000	25,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	255	120	130	235	120	115	25,397,565	12,061,765	13,335,800	325	155	170
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,750	8,000	7,600	7,750	7,200	8,400	11,170	10,180	12,060	14,100	14,200	14,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	35	20	15	0	0	0	3,179,395	1,544,580	1,634,815	65	35	30
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,500	14,000	4,500	...	...	...	7,050	6,710	7,370	7,800	8,500	6,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	105	55	40	60	45	20	8,346,145	4,128,810	4,217,340	125	50	75
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,000	9,200	7,400	5,600	12,000	8,920	8,740	9,100	12,200	12,400	12,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	325	150	175	315	155	160	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	370	185	185
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	115	65	55	100	75	20	9,912,810	5,493,720	4,419,090	90	55	35
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	80,000	99,000	65,000	97,000	96,000	x	63,600	69,000	58,000	41,600	42,800	x
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	104,000	124,000	74,000	138,000	152,000	85,000	77,200	85,400	67,000	44,000	44,000	44,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	120	65	60	85	30	60	8,426,645	3,988,060	4,438,585	115	55	60
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,800	17,000	16,800	6,800	1,800	34,400	18,400	21,000	16,600	14,000	23,000	10,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,500	42,000	28,000	27,600	9,500	36,000	29,160	33,960	24,860	22,400	29,000	16,500
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	90.0	92.0	88.0	94.0	96.0	92.0	82.2	86.4	76.8	64.0	70.0	56.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	84.0	88.0	76.0	50.0	64.0	32.0	66.8	70.6	61.7	56.0	60.0	50.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	10.0	8.0	13.6	5.7	4.8	7.0	17.8	13.7	23.1	36.4	30.0	45.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	2.0	1.2	x	...	x	1.4	1.2	1.7	4.0	4.5	3.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.6	3.6	6.4	1.6	1.5	1.7	5.4	4.5	6.6	13.2	9.2	18.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.2	3.2	5.6	1.4	1.4	1.6	4.7	4.0	5.5	12.0	8.5	17.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	325	165	160	330	160	165	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	330	175	160
Without total income	25	15	10	15	10	10	1,094,320	545,400	548,915	20	10	10
With total income	300	150	150	310	155	160	29,241,815	14,316,150	14,925,660	310	165	145
Under $10,000 (including loss)	45	20	25	30	10	15	2,434,730	1,058,420	1,376,310	30	15	15
$10,000 to $19,999	30	10	20	35	10	20	3,448,185	1,445,240	2,002,945	35	20	20
$20,000 to $29,999	30	15	20	20	5	15	4,635,650	2,018,080	2,617,570	85	50	35
$30,000 to $39,999	30	15	20	20	10	10	3,723,680	1,648,300	2,075,375	40	15	25
$40,000 to $49,999	25	5	20	20	10	10	3,290,715	1,529,960	1,760,755	30	20	15
$50,000 to $59,999	20	10	10	20	10	15	2,677,465	1,302,135	1,375,330	40	20	25
$60,000 to $69,999	15	5	10	15	10	5	2,073,335	1,086,545	986,795	25	15	10
$70,000 to $79,999	20	5	10	20	10	15	1,592,465	887,985	704,480	15	10	0
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	10	15	10	10	1,239,395	708,430	530,965	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	10	10	0	5	965,950	553,435	412,510	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	55	45	10	105	70	40	3,160,245	2,077,620	1,082,625	0	0	0
$100,000 to $149,999	35	25	10	45	25	20	2,102,630	1,319,110	783,520	0	0	0
$150,000 and over	20	20	5	65	40	25	1,057,615	758,510	299,105	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	325	165	160	330	160	165	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	330	175	160
Without after-tax income	25	15	10	15	10	10	1,079,955	537,800	542,155	20	10	10
With after-tax income	300	150	150	310	155	160	29,256,180	14,323,750	14,932,430	310	165	145
Under $10,000 (including loss)	45	20	25	30	10	20	2,561,695	1,100,975	1,460,725	25	15	15
$10,000 to $19,999	30	10	20	35	10	20	3,608,250	1,521,395	2,086,855	35	20	20
$20,000 to $29,999	35	15	25	25	5	20	5,294,505	2,321,660	2,972,845	90	55	40
$30,000 to $39,999	30	10	15	30	15	15	4,442,970	2,035,725	2,407,250	50	30	25
$40,000 to $49,999	35	15	20	25	10	10	3,798,710	1,839,700	1,959,005	45	20	25
$50,000 to $59,999	20	5	15	20	10	15	2,833,120	1,471,200	1,361,920	40	25	15
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	10	15	10	10	2,020,895	1,114,110	906,790	10	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	25	15	15	1,428,520	814,645	613,875	5	0	0
$80,000 to $89,999	25	20	10	15	5	5	1,027,015	592,405	434,605	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	0	15	10	5	643,700	402,325	241,380	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	30	25	5	80	55	30	1,596,790	1,109,610	487,185	0	0	0
$100,000 to $124,999	10	10	0	20	10	10	792,455	530,970	261,490	0	0	0
$125,000 and over	15	15	5	60	40	20	804,335	578,645	225,695	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	325	165	160	330	160	165	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	330	175	160
Without employment income	85	40	50	120	55	65	9,208,520	3,955,070	5,253,450	135	65	65
With employment income	235	125	110	205	105	100	21,127,615	10,906,485	10,221,125	200	110	90
Under $5,000 (including loss)	25	10	10	35	25	15	2,951,135	1,446,185	1,504,955	25	10	10
$5,000 to $9,999	20	10	10	10	5	5	1,739,570	765,825	973,750	25	15	10
$10,000 to $19,999	20	5	10	20	5	15	2,498,120	1,128,310	1,369,810	20	15	5
$20,000 to $29,999	15	10	10	15	5	10	1,960,665	902,615	1,058,050	20	10	10
$30,000 to $39,999	15	10	5	10	0	10	1,903,100	899,905	1,003,190	30	15	20
$40,000 to $49,999	20	5	10	10	5	5	1,859,845	899,795	960,055	15	5	15
$50,000 to $59,999	15	5	10	5	5	5	1,640,805	842,030	798,780	30	15	10
$60,000 to $69,999	10	0	10	0	0	0	1,367,510	754,825	612,685	10	10	0
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	5	0	0	1,099,625	637,060	462,570	10	5	0
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	5	10	5	5	929,490	539,395	390,095	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	15	5	5	5	0	0	760,035	439,505	320,530	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	50	40	10	70	45	25	2,417,710	1,651,040	766,670	0	0	0
$100,000 to $124,999	20	15	5	15	10	5	1,129,445	714,235	415,210	0	0	0
$125,000 and over	25	25	5	50	35	15	1,288,265	936,805	351,460	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	320	165	160	330	160	170	30,336,135	14,861,555	15,474,575	335	170	155
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	280	145	140	305	150	155	28,598,395	13,976,715	14,621,680	305	165	145
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,800	61,200	36,400	72,500	87,000	58,800	39,200	45,200	34,000	30,400	34,800	24,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	280	145	140	305	150	155	28,617,610	13,979,960	14,637,655	305	165	145
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,800	54,000	32,400	62,400	75,500	48,000	35,200	40,000	31,200	28,600	32,000	23,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	260	135	125	300	150	155	25,708,470	12,830,580	12,877,890	245	135	110
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,200	60,400	40,800	67,500	86,000	58,400	36,800	44,000	30,800	32,400	37,600	26,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	235	125	110	205	105	100	21,241,445	10,932,825	10,308,625	210	120	95
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,000	63,200	44,000	56,800	78,500	43,200	38,000	44,400	32,800	35,200	38,800	30,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	230	110	120	240	120	115	23,196,815	10,876,635	12,320,175	275	135	140
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	990	900	1,740	1,040	970	2,180	4,240	1,960	6,450	4,480	2,760	5,760
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	20	10	10	5	0	0	2,428,800	1,182,025	1,246,770	40	25	5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,080	x	x	x	...	...	5,720	5,560	5,960	7,300	7,450	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	320	150	175	315	155	160	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,670	370	185	185
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	285	140	145	295	155	145	28,599,665	13,976,240	14,623,425	350	185	165
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	65,000	84,000	48,000	120,000	138,000	102,000	52,350	61,250	43,800	34,600	41,200	27,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	285	140	145	295	155	145	28,618,280	13,979,265	14,639,015	350	185	165
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,800	66,000	41,000	89,000	98,000	80,000	42,920	49,000	37,160	30,800	36,000	25,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	270	135	135	290	155	140	25,709,140	12,829,990	12,879,155	270	160	115
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	65,000	84,000	47,000	117,000	134,000	98,000	51,040	60,800	41,320	35,600	40,000	29,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	250	130	115	195	110	90	21,242,575	10,934,760	10,307,815	240	140	100
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	67,000	86,000	47,000	97,000	134,000	51,000	50,560	58,800	41,800	36,400	41,000	30,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	250	115	130	230	125	105	23,191,860	10,869,800	12,322,065	315	155	160
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,320	2,440	4,100	5,840	4,500	7,500	7,950	6,990	8,800	7,750	8,400	7,150
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,430,165	1,181,385	1,248,780	55	40	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	...	...	...	...	...	...	7,560	6,880	8,210	4,400	5,600	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	325	150	175	315	155	160	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	370	185	185
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	115	65	55	90	75	15	9,831,805	5,446,500	4,385,305	90	55	35
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	83,000	87,000	66,500	81,000	81,000	x	60,000	66,000	53,600	42,000	36,800	x
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	92,000	108,000	74,000	160,000	180,000	70,000	73,200	81,900	62,250	44,000	42,000	48,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	110	55	50	85	35	55	7,934,985	3,759,675	4,175,305	105	55	50
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,800	47,200	24,000	42,400	27,400	42,400	24,200	28,000	21,800	32,000	35,200	17,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	50,000	68,000	30,000	48,000	48,000	48,000	35,200	41,280	29,720	33,500	40,000	25,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	96.0	96.0	92.0	96.0	96.0	96.0	87.6	91.2	83.0	80.0	84.0	74.0
Employment income (%)	90.0	96.0	80.0	54.0	70.0	30.0	71.8	75.0	67.2	72.0	74.0	68.0
Government transfers (%)	4.5	2.5	7.8	3.8	2.7	5.4	12.3	8.9	16.9	20.0	17.0	25.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	1.2	1.0	1.6	2.0	2.8	x
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	110	...	...	150	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	175	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	147,000	...	...	184,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	59,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	149,000	...	...	73,000	...	...	52,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	5	...	...	20	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	69,000	...	...	41,600	...	...	36,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	56,800	...	...	37,200	...	...	35,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	110	...	...	130	...	...	10,582,930	...	...	110	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	146,000	...	...	192,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	71,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	153,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	65,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	115	...	...	130	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	185	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	168,000	...	...	240,000	...	...	106,300	...	...	69,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	184,000	...	...	87,700	...	...	62,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	4,394,500	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	...	...	...	53,350	...	...	40,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	x	...	...	44,360	...	...	36,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	105	...	...	120	...	...	10,584,445	...	...	130	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	180,000	...	...	232,000	...	...	128,200	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...	180,000	...	...	105,700	...	...	74,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	115	...	...	150	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	175	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0	...	...	165,175	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	91,750	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	178,475	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	274,140	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	637,695	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	505,875	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	488,735	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	560,950	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	572,650	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	559,155	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	1,093,185	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	1,044,715	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	986,460	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	921,205	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	844,835	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	85	...	...	115	...	...	6,053,945	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	1,753,485	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	1,283,445	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	30	...	...	25	...	...	1,545,935	...	...	0	...	...
$200,000 and over	25	...	...	60	...	...	1,471,075	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	115	...	...	150	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	175	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0	...	...	186,735	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	95,195	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	183,430	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	289,545	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	681,900	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	589,110	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	582,275	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	666,675	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	676,995	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	655,100	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	1,285,425	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	1,223,830	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	1,137,840	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	1,039,375	...	...	5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	911,515	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	75	...	...	105	...	...	4,773,995	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	1,757,035	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	1,152,855	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	35	...	...	75	...	...	1,864,100	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	110	...	...	130	...	...	10,117,305	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	143,000	...	...	192,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	72,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	152,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	66,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.5	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	60	...	...	3,929,500	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	172,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	146,000	...	...	79,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	80	...	...	60	...	...	4,311,315	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	156,000	...	...	214,000	...	...	136,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	134,000	...	...	170,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5	...	...	5	...	...	1,547,920	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	x	...	...	70,000	...	...	63,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	x	...	...	64,000	...	...	54,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	10	10	5	25	5	15	5,922,660	2,927,295	2,995,365	130	80	55
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	x	x	x	69,000	x	x	38,400	40,000	36,800	29,000	36,400	25,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	x	x	x	55,200	x	x	34,800	36,000	33,600	28,000	32,800	24,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	105	...	...	120	...	...	10,113,100	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	176,000	...	...	232,000	...	...	128,600	...	...	78,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...	176,000	...	...	105,600	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	15	...	...	55	...	...	3,926,040	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	240,000	...	...	220,000	...	...	112,500	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	180,000	...	...	170,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	60	...	...	4,318,755	...	...	20	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	190,000	...	...	250,000	...	...	160,600	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	152,000	...	...	190,000	...	...	130,600	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,539,580	...	...	10	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	...	...	...	82,300	...	...	70,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	...	...	...	71,800	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	20	0	0	20	0	20	5,916,895	2,916,490	3,000,405	200	105	95
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	90,000	x	x	240,000	...	240,000	49,440	52,050	46,880	32,800	38,500	26,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	70,000	x	x	180,000	...	180,000	41,560	43,080	40,120	30,000	34,500	24,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	390	200	195	410	195	215	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,250	375	200	170
0 to 17 years	95	45	45	100	40	55	7,196,545	3,696,540	3,500,005	55	35	20
0 to 5 years	20	15	5	15	10	10	2,225,085	1,140,315	1,084,775	20	15	5
18 to 64 years	265	140	130	225	105	120	22,545,065	11,159,405	11,385,665	275	145	125
65 years and over	25	15	15	90	50	40	6,586,865	3,081,285	3,505,580	50	25	25
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	5	5	0	20	10	15	4,016,065	1,881,305	2,134,765	70	30	40
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	5	0	5	854,565	439,490	415,075	15	5	5
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	282,315	144,250	138,065	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	5	5	0	20	10	10	2,175,755	1,050,115	1,125,640	50	25	25
65 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	985,745	391,695	594,050	5	0	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	x	x	x	5.6	4.0	7.0	11.1	10.5	11.6	19.5	16.0	23.0
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	11.9	11.9	11.9	28.0	20.0	40.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	12.7	12.7	12.7	40.0	30.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	8.0	6.0	8.0	9.7	9.4	9.9	18.0	17.0	20.0
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	15.0	12.7	16.9	16.0	x	30.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	390	195	190	410	195	215	35,837,970	17,691,535	18,146,440	375	205	170
0 to 17 years	95	50	45	95	45	55	7,043,545	3,618,040	3,425,505	55	30	20
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	15	5	10	2,175,935	1,115,010	1,060,925	20	10	5
18 to 64 years	270	135	130	225	100	120	22,262,940	11,019,070	11,243,865	270	145	125
65 years and over	30	15	15	90	50	40	6,531,490	3,054,420	3,477,065	50	25	25
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5	5	0	10	5	10	1,863,335	950,150	913,180	40	20	25
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	319,545	164,490	155,060	5	5	5
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,435	50,875	48,560	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	5	5	0	10	5	5	1,344,640	702,660	641,975	40	20	15
65 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	199,155	83,010	116,145	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x	x	x	3.6	2.0	4.5	5.2	5.4	5.0	11.6	11.0	12.0
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	4.5	4.6	4.5	8.0	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	4.6	4.6	4.6	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	4.5	4.0	5.0	6.0	6.4	5.7	13.0	14.0	14.0
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.1	2.7	3.3	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	390	200	195	410	195	215	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,250	370	205	170
In bottom half of the distribution	90	50	45	80	35	40	18,164,550	8,775,210	9,389,345	285	150	135
In bottom decile	0	0	0	15	5	10	3,632,735	1,759,660	1,873,070	80	40	40
In second decile	0	0	0	15	5	5	3,632,975	1,695,310	1,937,660	70	35	30
In third decile	20	5	15	25	10	5	3,632,895	1,752,160	1,880,735	55	40	20
In fourth decile	30	15	10	5	0	10	3,632,745	1,775,535	1,857,210	45	20	20
In fifth decile	30	15	15	20	10	10	3,633,205	1,792,540	1,840,670	40	20	15
In top half of the distribution	295	150	150	330	160	170	18,163,925	9,162,020	9,001,900	90	55	35
In sixth decile	50	25	25	30	10	15	3,632,910	1,810,370	1,822,535	45	25	20
In seventh decile	50	25	25	20	10	5	3,632,765	1,819,535	1,813,230	15	10	5
In eighth decile	70	35	35	60	25	35	3,632,555	1,829,025	1,803,530	20	10	10
In ninth decile	75	35	35	50	25	30	3,632,930	1,841,520	1,791,415	0	0	0
In top decile	60	30	25	180	85	90	3,632,765	1,861,575	1,771,195	0	0	0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	390	...	...	410	...	...	36,328,475	...	...	375	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.266	...	...	0.368	...	...	0.347	...	...	0.270	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.324	...	...	0.400	...	...	0.462	...	...	0.484	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.224	...	...	0.330	...	...	0.302	...	...	0.241	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.6	...	...	5.4	...	...	3.8	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	390	195	190	410	195	215	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	375	200	170
English only	355	185	175	365	175	185	25,261,655	12,620,855	12,640,800	360	195	165
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,087,895	1,914,500	2,173,390	0	0	0
English and French	25	15	15	50	20	25	6,581,680	3,244,350	3,337,330	10	5	10
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	0	0	0	689,725	284,170	405,555	0	0	0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	390	195	190	410	195	215	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	375	200	170
English	375	195	185	410	195	215	27,643,140	13,696,115	13,947,025	365	195	170
French	5	5	0	0	0	0	7,828,545	3,854,435	3,974,110	5	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	476,175	237,635	238,535	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	0	0	0	673,100	275,685	397,420	0	0	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	390	195	190	410	195	215	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	375	200	170
Single responses	365	185	180	400	190	205	35,145,265	17,344,665	17,800,600	340	185	155
Official languages	210	110	100	360	175	185	27,296,445	13,583,930	13,712,510	255	145	115
English	205	110	100	360	175	185	20,107,200	10,036,360	10,070,835	250	140	115
French	5	5	0	0	0	0	7,189,245	3,547,565	3,641,675	5	5	0
Non-official languages	150	75	75	45	20	20	7,848,820	3,760,725	4,088,090	80	40	35
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	148,895	71,630	77,265	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	97,125	46,545	50,580	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,180	1,340	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	67,665	32,715	34,950	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,500	2,825	2,670	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,070	25,645	27,430	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	85	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	300	280	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,460	1,675	1,785	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,475	1,075	1,395	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,025	2,345	2,675	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,850	1,370	1,480	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,535	18,810	19,725	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,465	3,930	4,535	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	310	315	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,155	2,415	2,745	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,910	2,290	2,620	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,775	10,230	11,550	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	865	400	460	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,310	4,525	4,790	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,605	5,300	6,300	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	235	235	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	850	1,030	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,185	4,190	4,995	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,885	6,200	6,680	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,785	6,155	6,630	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	280	340	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	60	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,060	3,865	4,190	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	105	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,505	755	755	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	195	200	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	120	150	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	440	400	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	65	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	725	670	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	5	30	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	210	255	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	40	85	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	15	55	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	65	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,790	16,480	17,315	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	220	340	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	140	200	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	85	140	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,200	16,240	16,955	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	150	205	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	115	155	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	30	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	220	265	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	520	575	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	95	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	100	80	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	125	140	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	40	50	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	80	105	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	485	555	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	25	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	245	315	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	190	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	515	515	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	590	300	290	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	155	170	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	60	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	385	385	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	55	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	95	130	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	100	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	150	75	75	45	20	20	7,699,925	3,689,100	4,010,830	80	40	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	698,355	359,625	338,730	20	15	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,490	14,715	12,775	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,760	13,130	11,625	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,340	1,365	975	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	225	170	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,985	1,085	905	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	740	570	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	340	335	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	510	505	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,410	23,275	26,135	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,020	1,085	935	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,905	3,015	2,890	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,730	18,775	21,955	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	755	400	350	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	618,450	320,045	298,405	20	15	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,685	12,090	13,600	10	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	508,410	265,350	243,060	10	5	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,690	13,465	14,220	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,220	8,320	8,900	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,860	4,335	4,525	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	805	795	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	550	675	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,495	10,505	8,995	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,425	2,080	2,340	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,075	15,775	15,300	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	235	220	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	192,985	87,230	105,750	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,525	8,820	10,705	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	0	0	0	173,000	78,180	94,820	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	230	225	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	565,375	238,875	326,500	25	10	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,115	940	1,180	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,215	3,425	4,790	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,945	7,800	11,145	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	325	280	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,690	3,900	5,795	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,520	14,140	19,380	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,910	4,990	6,920	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,100	465	640	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	275	395	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,085	990	1,090	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	580	670	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	415	425	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	570	760	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,615	2,635	2,980	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,050	900	1,150	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5	0	0	0	461,150	194,805	266,345	15	5	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,625	690	935	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,740	2,035	2,705	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,235	35,650	42,580	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,435	23,355	29,085	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	315	290	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	365	435	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,125	3,015	3,110	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	280	300	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,550	7,325	8,230	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,135	1,000	1,140	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0	244,165	125,180	118,990	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,240	3,215	3,020	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0	0	0	54,050	29,375	24,670	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0	152,850	75,010	77,845	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,045	17,095	12,950	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	310	305	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	170	195	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,180	1,175	1,005	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	265	305	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	65	35	30	20	10	10	4,124,860	2,018,340	2,106,520	15	5	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,265	14,690	14,580	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,720	16,335	17,385	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	5	5	0	648,810	297,100	351,710	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,560	4,425	6,135	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,430	1,875	2,555	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,130	2,555	3,580	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	5	5	0	638,250	292,670	345,580	5	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	325	395	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,035	9,090	9,950	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,025	9,215	10,815	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,795	7,075	7,720	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	0	0	0	160,170	72,120	88,050	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	197,905	89,100	108,800	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	240	255	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,735	56,900	59,835	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,820	6,785	7,040	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,500	20,755	22,740	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,425	28,410	29,015	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,995	945	1,045	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,255	6,930	8,320	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,965	3,425	4,535	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	84,705	38,005	46,695	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	235	205	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,150	1,110	1,045	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	355	315	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	210	210	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	825	410	420	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	463,400	221,365	242,035	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	800	775	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	301,570	142,580	158,990	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	272,865	128,250	144,615	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,065	4,530	4,540	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,575	3,740	3,835	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,060	6,060	6,005	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,655	67,815	70,840	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,270	6,175	6,095	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,315	39,000	41,310	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,670	4,255	4,420	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	650	625	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,200	16,410	16,785	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,935	1,325	1,605	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	20,275	9,500	10,775	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,945	4,750	5,195	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	430	480	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,535	1,675	1,860	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	5	5,890	2,645	3,245	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	670	660	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	93,335	45,860	47,470	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	20	20	5	5	5	1,659,505	847,400	812,105	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	35	20	15	5	0	0	1,358,645	697,075	661,575	5	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	265	280	0	0	0
Bengali	25	15	10	0	0	0	87,580	45,160	42,425	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,985	73,335	65,655	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	152,825	79,585	73,240	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,930	3,100	3,830	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	745	395	350	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,425	1,675	1,745	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,145	7,330	6,810	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,425	11,920	11,510	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,775	940	835	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,125	615	510	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	325	320	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	666,585	341,515	325,065	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	265	280	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,985	2,070	1,915	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,000	8,895	9,110	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	235,290	118,540	116,755	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,865	2,085	1,780	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0	300,555	150,160	150,390	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	305	250	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,485	8,770	7,715	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	310	240	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,520	10,170	9,355	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0	262,625	130,180	132,440	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,220	28,070	29,155	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	5	0	0	0	179,425	89,070	90,360	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,975	13,040	12,930	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	425	390	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	165	140	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	5	10	5	5	1,194,290	574,295	619,995	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	470	440	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	5	5	319,505	154,295	165,205	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0	0	0	240,680	115,235	125,450	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	93,160	44,185	48,975	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	5	0	0	0	538,870	259,500	279,375	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,165	610	550	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	195	185	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,850	14,205	29,650	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	0	0	0	170,400	77,075	93,325	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,850	800	1,050	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	108,295	52,850	55,440	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,120	6,400	6,720	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,855	1,000	860	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,685	745	940	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	1,030	920	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,520	1,825	1,695	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	400	415	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,890	885	1,010	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	320	440	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	2,720	2,460	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,380	3,365	4,015	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,260	1,925	2,335	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	245	275	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	515	260	260	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	365	325	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	420	500	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,660	4,035	4,625	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	1,665	1,940	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	315	190	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	200	320	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,000	7,630	8,370	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	495	535	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,890	2,605	2,285	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,015	7,605	7,410	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,000	6,405	6,590	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,920	3,565	3,355	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	1,000	865	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	515	570	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,395	1,745	1,645	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	305	270	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,955	3,710	3,250	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,635	2,335	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	990	520	465	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	555	450	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	20	15	5	10	1,309,825	602,025	707,800	0	0	0
Chinese languages	45	20	20	15	5	10	1,292,640	593,580	699,055	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,765	4,420	5,345	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10	0	0	0	679,255	310,750	368,510	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	665	645	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0	27,805	12,415	15,390	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,880	3,995	4,880	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	15	10	0	10	553,380	255,540	297,835	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,610	5,500	6,110	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	630	295	330	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,600	8,160	8,445	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,305	1,590	1,710	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	400	475	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,520	2,240	2,275	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,900	1,940	1,960	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	305	315	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,025	3,475	3,545	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	445	440	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	285	295	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,350	8,605	13,745	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,485	5,475	6,010	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,455	2,960	7,495	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	165	240	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,520	28,385	25,135	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,490	2,460	2,030	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	540	230	305	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,190	23,615	20,570	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	660	690	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,805	890	920	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	530	620	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,180	31,000	37,180	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,485	1,945	2,535	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,200	5,075	7,120	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,500	23,980	27,525	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,060	540	520	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	15	15	10	5	10	1,475,690	719,210	756,480	40	15	20
English and French	5	0	0	5	0	5	291,325	142,420	148,905	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	5	5	0	921,480	450,685	470,800	35	15	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	117,910	57,875	60,040	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,880	25,900	26,975	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	92,095	42,330	49,765	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	390	195	190	410	195	215	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	375	200	170
English	205	105	100	370	180	190	20,920,835	10,420,570	10,500,270	275	150	125
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,456,960	3,188,280	3,268,685	0	0	0
Non-official language	35	20	20	5	0	0	2,402,180	1,139,865	1,262,315	25	10	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,460	25,385	25,080	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	20	20	5	0	0	2,351,720	1,114,475	1,237,240	25	10	15
English and French	5	0	0	5	5	0	953,760	465,560	488,205	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	135	70	65	25	10	20	4,835,815	2,350,245	2,485,570	65	40	30
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	395,320	188,195	207,125	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	455,760	217,995	237,770	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	200,320	93,165	107,155	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	390	195	190	410	195	215	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	375	200	170
Single responses	365	185	180	405	195	215	35,057,615	17,305,575	17,752,035	350	190	160
Official languages	275	140	135	395	185	205	30,421,050	15,070,205	15,350,850	295	160	135
English	270	135	135	395	185	205	23,376,200	11,588,715	11,787,485	295	160	135
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,044,855	3,481,490	3,563,365	0	0	0
Non-official languages	85	45	40	15	5	10	4,636,560	2,235,370	2,401,190	55	25	30
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	85,835	42,950	42,885	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,135	25,010	25,120	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	495	480	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,255	19,165	19,090	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,345	2,285	2,060	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,700	13,425	13,270	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	30	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	300	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,545	1,225	1,315	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	305	360	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,455	730	725	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	830	430	405	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,585	10,400	10,180	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,710	3,190	3,520	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	260	245	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,650	1,250	1,395	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,595	1,225	1,365	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,250	4,100	4,155	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	105	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,540	2,305	2,235	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,480	1,685	1,800	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	200	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,925	1,405	1,515	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,260	3,675	3,585	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,230	3,655	3,575	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	100	125	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,255	2,610	2,650	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	390	315	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	110	95	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	220	175	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	755	420	335	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	85	75	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,295	13,695	13,600	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	65	80	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,140	13,625	13,520	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	130	130	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	40	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	110	130	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	65	60	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	55	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	115	105	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	65	55	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	40	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	85	45	40	15	5	10	4,550,725	2,192,420	2,358,305	55	25	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	395,840	197,010	198,830	15	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,295	5,940	5,355	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,180	5,325	4,850	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	455	380	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	155	130	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	425	410	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	330	305	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	95	105	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	265	280	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,375	14,115	16,260	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,645	890	760	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,890	1,935	1,960	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,410	11,075	13,335	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	215	205	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	352,790	176,270	176,520	15	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,030	6,470	7,565	5	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	285,915	143,650	142,260	5	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,740	9,940	10,800	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,935	6,150	6,785	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,585	3,185	3,400	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	605	615	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	305	380	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,515	4,355	4,160	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	360	435	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,860	11,050	10,810	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	135	115	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	127,730	58,660	69,070	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,650	4,765	5,880	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,785	53,735	63,055	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	326,245	149,550	176,700	20	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	370	395	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,125	1,895	2,230	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,195	4,720	5,480	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	110	85	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,015	2,265	2,750	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,350	8,350	10,000	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,150	1,985	2,170	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	265	320	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	150	170	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	370	355	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	170	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	205	190	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	145	140	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,030	1,435	1,590	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	310	375	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5	0	0	0	275,045	125,870	149,170	15	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	325	360	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,100	1,000	1,105	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,195	15,455	19,740	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,610	9,620	12,990	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	125	175	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	150	210	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,640	1,760	1,880	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	135	160	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,120	3,275	3,845	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	395	475	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	169,705	85,265	84,440	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,060	1,575	1,485	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,390	19,010	16,380	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0	112,335	54,240	58,095	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,470	10,215	8,250	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	120	120	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	105	105	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,335	730	610	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	105	120	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	25	20	5	0	0	2,264,155	1,111,775	1,152,380	5	0	5
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,110	7,005	7,100	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,970	10,415	11,550	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	303,480	143,495	159,985	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,495	1,120	1,380	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	395	485	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	720	895	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	300,985	142,375	158,610	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,315	5,005	5,310	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,680	2,705	2,980	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,105	2,880	3,225	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,140	30,225	34,915	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125,780	59,290	66,490	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	155	135	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,150	25,720	27,430	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	3,135	3,345	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,925	6,965	7,960	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,110	15,310	15,800	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	640	315	325	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,015	2,410	2,605	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	595	785	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,825	13,250	14,580	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	295	265	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	165	145	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	55	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140,450	68,575	71,875	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	110	155	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	103,780	50,460	53,325	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,820	41,815	45,005	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,270	3,640	3,630	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,750	870	875	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,950	4,140	3,810	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,710	16,730	16,980	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,095	3,055	3,035	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,100	3,950	4,150	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,480	2,485	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	240	245	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,845	6,895	6,945	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	100	120	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	920	1,020	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	280	340	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	75	95	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	435	450	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	355	390	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,300	17,490	20,810	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	10	5	0	0	1,167,370	590,435	576,930	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	25	15	15	5	0	0	962,820	490,815	472,000	5	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	110	110	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	5	0	0	0	56,750	28,435	28,315	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	92,005	47,790	44,215	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,930	47,555	44,375	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,055	1,310	1,750	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	130	140	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	415	470	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,460	3,800	3,660	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,835	8,595	8,235	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	420	375	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	275	250	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	145	130	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	520,390	266,775	253,610	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	195	215	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,110	1,060	1,050	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,665	4,775	4,890	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	158,040	78,420	79,615	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,015	1,040	975	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	204,420	99,545	104,875	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	170	155	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,380	5,245	5,135	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	130	150	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,215	6,670	6,545	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	179,745	87,075	92,670	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,190	17,395	18,795	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125,840	61,060	64,780	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,715	8,620	9,095	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	250	225	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	5	0	0	0	577,735	273,965	303,770	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	185	190	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	92,755	38,750	54,005	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	0	0	0	0	118,730	56,685	62,045	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,090	23,135	24,955	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	317,365	155,005	162,360	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	210	220	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	95	95	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,055	8,290	11,765	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	0	0	0	125,525	58,250	67,275	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	505	545	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,600	18,055	20,545	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,000	2,755	3,240	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	280	280	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	150	215	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	225	245	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	665	650	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	115	150	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	260	295	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,530	770	765	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	1,205	1,520	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,520	655	860	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	60	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	130	160	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,780	1,760	2,025	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	480	555	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	145	85	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	45	85	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,055	3,290	3,765	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	130	160	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	1,040	910	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,395	2,505	2,890	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	1,250	1,470	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,155	1,555	1,600	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	485	420	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	295	355	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,465	705	760	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	75	70	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,160	7,005	5,160	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,175	4,660	3,515	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	830	645	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,515	1,000	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	15	0	0	0	967,965	450,210	517,755	0	0	0
Chinese languages	30	10	15	0	0	0	955,685	444,115	511,565	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,625	1,645	1,985	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	10	0	0	0	530,945	249,675	281,270	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	370	405	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,945	6,255	7,685	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,750	2,705	3,050	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	5	0	0	0	393,430	180,000	213,435	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,985	3,360	3,625	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	110	115	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,990	5,960	6,035	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,075	1,010	1,070	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	320	340	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,400	1,725	1,675	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,960	1,500	1,460	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	225	210	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,395	2,680	2,705	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	225	240	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	135	155	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,120	4,660	5,460	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,955	2,850	3,105	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,955	1,725	2,230	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	85	125	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,490	16,530	15,960	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,200	1,095	1,105	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	50	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,970	14,290	13,685	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	420	435	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	470	480	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	195	210	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,790	8,625	10,165	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	245	370	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	825	1,050	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,295	7,550	8,745	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	195	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	15	15	0	0	0	1,563,345	758,295	805,045	25	15	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	230,955	112,070	118,880	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	30	10	15	0	0	0	1,123,355	546,255	577,095	25	15	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	125,525	60,405	65,125	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,805	27,370	29,430	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,705	12,190	14,515	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	385	195	190	410	195	215	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,085	375	205	170
None	275	140	135	380	185	195	31,053,450	15,366,470	15,686,980	325	170	155
English	50	30	20	10	5	5	1,956,965	969,380	987,580	20	10	10
French	0	0	0	5	0	5	571,040	268,530	302,510	0	0	0
Non-official language	55	30	25	15	0	10	2,248,130	1,071,870	1,176,260	20	15	5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,565	29,285	34,280	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	55	30	25	15	0	10	2,184,565	1,042,590	1,141,975	20	15	5
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,185	42,600	43,585	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	323,845	161,995	161,850	5	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	134,565	61,575	72,995	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,870	5,975	5,895	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	234,905	115,470	119,430	5	0	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	390	180	210	380	195	190	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,310	400	205	195
Official languages	390	180	210	380	195	190	35,644,660	17,656,300	17,988,360	390	200	190
English	390	180	210	380	195	190	31,628,570	15,769,105	15,859,470	390	200	190
French	55	25	25	50	30	20	10,563,235	5,115,365	5,447,875	10	10	0
Non-official languages	170	85	90	120	45	75	10,724,700	5,156,300	5,568,400	130	65	65
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	243,155	116,360	126,795	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	163,815	78,135	85,675	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,680	3,120	3,560	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105,850	50,975	54,870	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,815	3,455	3,360	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,875	42,340	45,530	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	220	200	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	450	445	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,880	2,320	2,555	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,675	2,025	2,645	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,005	5,440	6,555	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,110	2,460	2,650	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,000	29,930	31,070	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,745	4,935	5,805	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	515	525	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,035	4,770	5,260	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,245	4,370	4,880	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	420	400	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,865	20,015	22,850	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	895	1,060	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,305	7,450	7,855	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,160	11,930	14,235	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,035	875	1,165	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	80	135	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,625	1,670	1,955	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,720	9,495	11,225	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	100	65	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,390	9,635	10,755	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,135	9,515	10,620	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	680	870	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	125	145	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,560	5,470	6,085	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	115	180	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,330	1,140	1,190	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	355	420	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	195	215	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	620	590	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	265	220	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	130	115	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	140	100	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,140	1,080	1,060	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	40	95	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	400	470	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	75	100	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	120	190	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	50	85	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	50	85	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	140	150	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	75	75	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	90	155	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,795	20,980	21,820	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	505	630	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	365	430	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	145	205	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,680	20,495	21,185	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,055	880	1,175	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	95	135	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,605	655	950	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	105	110	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	25	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	90	120	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	850	1,050	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,305	2,555	2,755	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	670	745	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	285	305	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	300	215	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	510	580	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	135	185	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	320	390	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	190	175	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,465	1,495	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	195	175	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,530	715	810	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	925	470	455	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	180	140	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,665	1,335	1,335	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	555	580	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	595	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	210	255	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,205	1,010	1,200	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	145	145	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	170	170	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	355	465	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	315	390	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	310	335	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	405	450	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	170	85	90	120	45	75	10,485,595	5,041,770	5,443,825	130	65	65
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,100,035	565,845	534,195	55	40	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,835	22,775	20,060	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,415	19,660	17,755	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,735	2,720	2,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	750	575	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,090	3,740	3,350	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,080	2,695	2,380	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	1,040	965	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,790	1,900	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	71,930	34,430	37,500	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,745	1,490	1,260	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,635	4,860	4,780	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,005	27,735	31,270	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,400	760	645	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015,485	524,700	490,780	55	40	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,305	23,910	24,395	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	838,045	436,510	401,540	40	25	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,655	19,690	19,965	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,865	11,765	12,100	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,285	6,625	6,655	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,195	1,625	1,570	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,000	925	1,075	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,205	42,515	40,685	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,535	3,080	3,450	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,970	23,120	22,845	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,760	1,065	695	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	260,030	120,035	139,995	35	20	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,390	13,100	15,290	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	232,800	107,435	125,355	35	20	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	455	455	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	793,275	336,445	456,840	15	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,260	1,975	2,275	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,990	4,625	6,375	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,045	13,790	19,250	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	900	865	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,385	6,650	9,735	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,680	25,280	36,400	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,815	8,895	10,915	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	770	1,175	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	345	510	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,885	1,960	1,920	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,355	1,215	1,140	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,565	785	780	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,770	4,995	5,775	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,555	4,690	5,865	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,455	1,885	2,575	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	737,565	310,735	426,830	15	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,520	1,910	2,610	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,140	8,785	11,355	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	184,840	85,045	99,790	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	134,895	61,215	73,680	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,675	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	870	1,090	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,345	7,620	7,725	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,535	785	750	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,220	14,400	16,825	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,585	4,575	5,005	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	359,485	185,160	174,325	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,420	9,660	8,760	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,910	42,025	35,890	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	237,890	119,570	118,320	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,685	30,575	24,110	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	935	835	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	450	520	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,015	1,565	1,445	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	365	360	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	30	55	110	40	70	5,849,775	2,867,575	2,982,195	15	0	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,345	19,410	18,935	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,500	21,675	22,825	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	820,305	384,390	435,915	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,890	5,900	7,985	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,020	2,595	3,425	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,895	3,325	4,570	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	809,985	380,025	429,960	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,825	1,185	1,640	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,210	11,805	12,400	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,625	13,595	15,030	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,015	10,965	12,050	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	204,460	94,135	110,325	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	309,235	145,375	163,860	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	345	330	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,775	76,800	78,975	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,380	12,555	12,825	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,845	36,015	37,830	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,735	41,550	42,185	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,085	1,590	1,500	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,905	9,455	11,450	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,650	4,715	5,935	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	131,655	59,230	72,425	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	385	385	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,485	5,430	5,055	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,360	2,940	2,415	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	1,050	1,120	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	1,015	1,155	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	495	415	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	20	0	15	658,705	319,800	338,905	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,835	1,480	1,350	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	453,995	222,215	231,780	10	0	10
German	0	0	0	10	0	0	419,195	204,840	214,355	10	0	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,565	5,260	5,305	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,465	5,025	5,440	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,155	10,105	10,045	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	191,840	93,435	98,405	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,670	15,335	14,335	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	107,985	51,330	56,650	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,555	5,245	5,315	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	640	670	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,165	20,590	20,575	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,985	1,825	2,155	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,500	17,205	20,300	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,700	6,805	7,900	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	685	790	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,860	4,180	4,675	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,620	6,765	7,855	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	720	555	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	145,060	71,685	73,375	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	10	30	0	0	0	2,263,825	1,162,830	1,100,990	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	45	10	30	0	0	0	1,918,570	989,350	929,220	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,155	590	565	0	0	0
Bengali	35	10	25	0	0	0	120,605	62,330	58,270	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	209,415	110,000	99,405	0	0	0
Hindi	15	0	15	0	0	0	761,425	395,410	366,015	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,085	6,785	8,300	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	965	865	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,950	4,300	4,645	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,230	18,210	17,020	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,660	15,680	14,980	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,235	1,665	1,570	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,710	925	785	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	755	795	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	942,170	488,075	454,090	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	345	420	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,385	4,480	3,910	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,050	16,645	16,400	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	414,870	211,895	202,975	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,320	6,280	5,040	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370,520	186,750	183,770	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	565	420	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,035	13,005	11,030	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	535	470	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,695	16,810	14,885	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	326,285	163,665	162,620	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,220	38,765	39,460	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	222,160	111,750	110,415	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,345	15,460	14,880	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	970	855	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,135	1,245	895	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	15	75	25	50	2,054,885	975,310	1,079,575	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,855	1,560	1,305	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	30	20	15	547,655	263,950	283,705	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	336,865	164,985	171,880	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,520	55,570	60,950	0	0	0
Spanish	20	10	15	45	10	35	1,171,450	548,315	623,135	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,890	2,835	2,060	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,965	1,025	940	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,070	43,380	54,690	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	203,885	92,275	111,605	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,545	1,085	1,455	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	15	0	0	0	0	267,520	131,495	136,025	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,240	12,585	13,660	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,950	2,570	2,380	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,945	2,315	2,630	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,645	2,490	2,165	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,840	4,100	3,740	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,255	1,565	1,685	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,650	2,055	2,600	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,850	750	1,100	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,365	9,345	9,020	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,515	6,305	7,210	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,720	12,260	13,460	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,695	1,300	1,395	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,085	1,055	1,035	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,080	585	490	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,140	1,285	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,825	7,070	7,755	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,280	3,440	3,845	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	650	360	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,305	580	725	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,295	28,950	28,340	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,440	1,380	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,940	6,925	6,015	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,935	25,265	25,675	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,625	21,935	21,685	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,090	5,570	5,530	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,815	1,470	1,345	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	685	805	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,815	3,425	3,385	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	1,485	1,275	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,535	19,685	29,850	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,620	14,430	23,195	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,195	2,525	3,670	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,450	3,515	3,940	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	35	20	0	0	0	1,550,930	721,520	829,410	0	0	0
Chinese languages	50	35	20	0	0	0	1,528,860	710,700	818,160	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,830	6,845	7,980	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	15	10	0	0	0	987,300	452,995	534,305	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,825	840	980	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,755	22,840	28,920	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,660	6,060	7,600	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	15	0	0	0	724,925	335,185	389,740	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,720	5,695	6,020	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,185	560	625	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,300	10,955	11,345	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,935	2,910	3,025	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	520	620	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,705	2,790	2,915	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,030	2,490	2,545	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	395	450	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,160	4,565	4,590	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	890	1,050	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	540	680	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,705	14,255	19,440	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,630	8,320	9,310	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,575	6,955	11,615	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	330	465	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,375	47,575	43,800	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,875	5,380	4,490	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	600	815	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,500	41,130	37,365	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,660	790	875	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,290	1,645	1,640	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,150	980	1,165	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85,055	39,290	45,765	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,315	2,320	2,990	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,325	6,735	8,590	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,625	30,320	34,300	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,545	2,750	2,790	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	390	180	205	380	190	190	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	400	205	195
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,807,250	877,645	929,605	25	15	10
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,743,165	847,385	895,785	25	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,048,405	506,515	541,890	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	624,220	306,220	318,000	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70,540	34,645	35,895	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,855	13,645	15,215	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,225	16,620	18,610	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	380	175	205	380	185	190	34,521,230	17,059,520	17,461,710	380	195	185
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	390	180	205	380	190	190	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	400	205	195
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	831,720	402,310	429,405	20	10	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	390	180	205	380	185	190	35,496,755	17,534,850	17,961,905	385	200	185
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	115	...	...	135	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	185	...	...
Owner	110	...	...	125	...	...	9,955,975	...	...	75	...	...
Renter	0	...	...	0	...	...	4,953,840	...	...	110	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	69,130	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	115	...	...	135	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	185	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	0	...	...	2,248,280	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	115	...	...	135	...	...	12,730,660	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	115	...	...	135	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	185	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	132,060	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	0	...	...	2,124,485	...	...	20	...	...
2 bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	3,829,965	...	...	65	...	...
3 bedrooms	70	...	...	10	...	...	4,982,900	...	...	60	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	40	...	...	110	...	...	3,909,525	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	115	...	...	135	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	185	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	20	...	...	0	...	...	4,662,125	...	...	60	...	...
5 rooms	10	...	...	10	...	...	2,323,910	...	...	60	...	...
6 rooms	30	...	...	0	...	...	2,037,185	...	...	25	...	...
7 rooms	20	...	...	10	...	...	1,796,855	...	...	15	...	...
8 or more rooms	35	...	...	115	...	...	4,158,855	...	...	25	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	10.0	...	...	6.1	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	115	...	...	135	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	185	...	...
One person or fewer per room	115	...	...	135	...	...	14,625,230	...	...	175	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0	...	...	353,715	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	115	...	...	135	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	185	...	...
Suitable	105	...	...	135	...	...	14,173,290	...	...	170	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	0	...	...	805,650	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	115	...	...	135	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	185	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	0	...	...	3,027,045	...	...	60	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...	110	...	...	4,171,840	...	...	105	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,982,515	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	15	...	...	0	...	...	1,805,985	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	95	...	...	0	...	...	959,860	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...	0	...	...	1,034,925	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	0	...	...	967,540	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	10	...	...	1,029,220	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	115	...	...	135	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	185	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	115	...	...	130	...	...	14,059,395	...	...	170	...	...
Major repairs needed	0	...	...	0	...	...	919,545	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	115	...	...	135	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	185	...	...
One-maintainer household	45	...	...	40	...	...	7,659,700	...	...	90	...	...
Two-maintainer household	60	...	...	90	...	...	6,631,755	...	...	65	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	0	...	...	687,485	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	115	...	...	135	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	185	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	0	...	...	424,695	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	15	...	...	10	...	...	2,077,895	...	...	20	...	...
35 to 44 years	15	...	...	20	...	...	2,600,000	...	...	30	...	...
45 to 54 years	45	...	...	20	...	...	2,646,945	...	...	50	...	...
55 to 64 years	30	...	...	30	...	...	3,046,560	...	...	25	...	...
65 to 74 years	10	...	...	30	...	...	2,432,140	...	...	20	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...	10	...	...	1,292,805	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	10	...	...	457,900	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	120	...	...	135	...	...	14,687,350	...	...	180	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	105	...	...	125	...	...	11,612,640	...	...	120	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	0	...	...	3,074,715	...	...	60	...	...
30% to less than 100%	0	...	...	0	...	...	2,742,920	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	115	...	...	135	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	15	...	...	4,379,420	...	...	75	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	10	...	...	0	...	...	2,728,995	...	...	55	...	...
Not suitable only	10	...	...	0	...	...	595,110	...	...	10	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...	0	...	...	645,465	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	135,770	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	199,355	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	64,095	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	10,630	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	95	...	...	120	...	...	10,599,520	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	120	...	...	130	...	...	14,355,555	...	...	165	...	...
In core need	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,451,025	...	...	30	...	...
Not in core need	110	...	...	125	...	...	12,904,530	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	115	...	...	130	...	...	9,807,720	...	...	70	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	60.9	...	...	30.8	...	...	60.0	...	...	64.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	14.8	...	...	35.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	5.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,900	...	...	1,030	...	...	1,240	...	...	1,620	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,680	...	...	1,720	...	...	1,498	...	...	1,480	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	480,000	...	...	950,000	...	...	472,000	...	...	380,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	470,000	...	...	1,120,000	...	...	618,500	...	...	380,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	4,936,850	...	...	110	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	...	...	...	...	...	...	11.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	33.2	...	...	31.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	...	...	...	...	...	...	20.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,190	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	1,209	...	...	1,160	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	69,130	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	5.9	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	284	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	327	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	390	180	210	380	190	190	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,315	405	210	195
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	985,200	480,950	504,245	20	15	10
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	963,705	470,850	492,855	20	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	763,230	371,400	391,825	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	146,010	72,680	73,325	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,475	26,770	27,700	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,490	10,095	11,395	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,665	8,215	9,450	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,430	1,185	1,250	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	530	535	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	165	155	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,219,285	585,590	633,690	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,183,350	568,980	614,365	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	801,630	384,550	417,075	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	362,130	174,975	187,150	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,595	9,450	10,150	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,930	16,605	19,320	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,815	14,790	17,025	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,785	1,190	1,595	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	500	505	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	125	210	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	380	175	205	380	190	190	34,124,000	16,870,625	17,253,375	375	190	185
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	390	180	210	380	190	190	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	405	205	195
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	365	165	195	375	190	190	33,143,225	16,360,910	16,782,315	355	185	170
Canadian citizens aged under 18	95	35	60	80	40	40	6,784,875	3,486,545	3,298,330	35	25	10
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	265	130	135	295	145	150	26,358,355	12,874,365	13,483,990	315	160	155
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	25	20	10	0	0	0	3,185,250	1,576,255	1,608,995	50	25	20
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	390	180	210	380	190	190	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	405	205	195
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	190	85	110	350	180	170	27,042,120	13,461,515	13,580,610	295	150	150
Immigrants⁸¹	185	95	90	30	10	20	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,340	95	50	45
Before 1980	10	10	0	0	0	0	1,540,610	731,340	809,265	15	0	15
1980 to 1990	40	15	30	0	0	0	924,320	443,805	480,520	15	10	0
1991 to 2000	35	15	25	0	0	0	1,511,475	708,315	803,165	10	0	10
2001 to 2010	70	45	25	0	0	0	1,930,525	911,190	1,019,340	25	20	0
2011 to 2021⁸²	25	0	15	20	10	10	2,454,570	1,181,515	1,273,055	25	10	15
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,126,330	536,615	589,715	0	0	0
2016 to 2021	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,328,240	644,900	683,335	20	10	10
Non-permanent residents⁸³	10	0	0	0	0	0	924,850	499,490	425,365	10	10	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	185	95	90	30	10	20	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,345	90	50	45
Under 5 years	10	0	10	0	0	0	748,265	377,795	370,470	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	50	35	15	0	0	0	1,438,440	730,675	707,765	25	15	10
15 to 24 years	15	0	10	0	0	0	1,594,290	720,630	873,660	30	15	20
25 to 44 years	105	60	45	15	0	10	3,783,335	1,782,805	2,000,525	30	15	10
45 years and over	0	0	0	15	10	10	797,180	364,260	432,920	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	185	95	90	30	10	20	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,345	90	50	45
Americas	30	15	15	10	0	10	1,203,180	546,325	656,855	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,450	22,405	26,050	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,570	36,675	43,900	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,450	24,430	25,015	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	85,530	37,870	47,660	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,945	44,585	55,360	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	145,360	63,430	81,925	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	90,585	42,215	48,370	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,420	13,925	17,490	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,035	29,110	35,930	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	10	0	10	256,090	115,380	140,705	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	250,760	116,305	134,460	0	0	0
Europe	10	10	0	0	0	0	1,967,620	955,840	1,011,785	10	0	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,925	17,705	18,220	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,675	18,115	18,560	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	121,525	63,845	57,685	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	126,470	60,560	65,915	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,715	27,050	27,665	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,050	14,595	16,450	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	204,065	101,445	102,625	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,830	39,020	36,810	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	135,030	60,660	74,370	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	128,795	62,880	65,910	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,770	40,820	45,955	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,840	35,185	46,650	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,925	15,480	16,450	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,135	36,840	44,295	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	0	0	0	464,135	229,710	234,430	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	271,725	131,935	139,790	0	0	0
Africa	40	20	20	0	0	0	821,735	412,365	409,375	30	25	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,660	41,065	38,600	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,110	15,775	17,340	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,710	38,730	34,980	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,385	16,575	14,815	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,715	19,955	21,760	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,775	41,085	40,685	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,290	41,665	39,620	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,500	14,600	17,900	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,590	25,740	25,855	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	15	0	0	0	0	314,995	157,170	157,825	10	10	0
Asia	105	50	55	15	10	10	4,307,000	2,030,575	2,276,420	60	30	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	62,450	30,940	31,515	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	182,940	92,300	90,645	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	84,130	42,660	41,465	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	95,725	50,675	45,055	20	10	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	97,590	49,855	47,735	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,270	18,835	16,435	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	30	20	15	0	0	0	715,835	317,970	397,860	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	10	0	0	0	0	213,855	100,480	113,375	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,355	63,025	75,325	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,365	28,725	36,635	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	719,580	305,115	414,460	15	10	10
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0	0	0	182,095	82,670	99,425	25	10	15
Bangladesh	30	15	15	0	0	0	70,090	35,675	34,415	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	898,050	451,120	446,930	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	234,105	118,390	115,715	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	136,240	66,215	70,030	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	0	0	0	0	375,340	175,930	199,410	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,965	31,055	30,910	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,328,240	644,900	683,340	20	10	10
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	154,490	74,275	80,215	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,895	9,340	10,560	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,455	5,090	6,365	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,550	5,155	5,400	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,155	7,740	7,420	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,150	8,405	8,745	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,875	19,790	20,085	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,060	2,980	4,075	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,350	15,785	17,570	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	134,425	69,310	65,120	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,175	14,560	12,610	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,365	2,660	2,705	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,355	4,000	2,350	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,240	2,470	1,770	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,905	4,335	6,570	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,515	6,570	7,945	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,755	13,550	9,200	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,120	21,160	21,960	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	206,965	102,875	104,090	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,745	7,530	8,220	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,935	2,420	2,510	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,795	5,545	6,250	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,915	4,200	4,720	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,915	3,795	4,125	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,120	6,285	5,835	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,330	8,755	7,575	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,385	4,415	4,970	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,835	6,025	6,810	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,360	20,575	19,780	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,315	3,240	3,075	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,510	4,290	4,220	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,690	2,375	2,315	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,155	4,185	3,975	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,960	19,250	19,715	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	823,205	393,110	430,090	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,730	6,290	6,440	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,185	6,670	6,515	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	118,035	50,365	67,665	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,495	2,880	3,620	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	246,995	128,205	118,790	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,650	12,310	13,340	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,715	8,835	8,875	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,850	2,565	2,290	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,445	1,035	3,410	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,635	2,375	2,260	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,985	8,790	12,200	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,980	5,120	4,860	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,890	2,475	2,415	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,255	18,070	18,190	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	151,490	66,720	84,765	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,560	5,195	4,365	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,480	4,010	4,465	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,130	32,725	30,410	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,150	5,520	4,635	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,405	4,325	4,085	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,725	5,605	9,125	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,410	13,035	17,375	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,160	5,335	3,825	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,535	3,845	2,685	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,625	1,490	1,135	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	385	180	210	380	190	190	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	400	205	195
First generation¹⁰⁰	200	100	100	30	10	20	9,606,595	4,631,905	4,974,690	105	60	50
Second generation¹⁰¹	100	35	60	100	35	65	6,393,310	3,207,980	3,185,330	70	30	30
Third generation or more¹⁰²	95	40	50	255	145	105	20,328,565	10,097,280	10,231,290	225	115	110
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	175	85	90	30	10	15	6,820,895	3,244,820	3,576,075	75	45	35
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	110	55	60	10	0	10	3,673,705	1,837,625	1,836,090	15	0	15
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	40	30	10	10	0	0	1,556,675	935,790	620,885	0	0	0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	75	25	50	0	0	0	2,117,030	901,835	1,215,200	10	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	60	30	30	15	0	10	2,016,010	821,325	1,194,685	25	10	20
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,039,275	543,725	495,550	30	30	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,900	42,145	49,755	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	175	85	90	30	10	15	6,820,895	3,244,820	3,576,075	75	45	35
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	416,105	222,895	193,205	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	0	0	0	15	10	10	705,405	324,370	381,035	0	0	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	0	0	0	0	183,250	92,135	91,110	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	0	0	0	0	0	377,130	188,535	188,590	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,540	15,685	23,855	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	145	65	80	0	0	0	5,099,470	2,401,190	2,698,280	70	45	30
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	390	180	210	380	190	190	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	400	205	195
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	225	95	130	50	20	25	9,639,205	4,712,790	4,926,415	125	70	55
South Asian	55	15	35	0	0	0	2,571,400	1,324,120	1,247,275	0	0	0
Chinese	70	45	20	0	0	0	1,715,770	808,745	907,035	0	0	0
Black	85	35	50	0	0	0	1,547,870	754,100	793,765	20	15	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	957,355	427,755	529,600	25	10	15
Arab	0	0	0	0	0	0	694,015	362,845	331,170	20	15	0
Latin American	0	0	0	0	0	0	580,235	281,030	299,200	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	15	0	15	390,340	184,120	206,220	55	25	25
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	360,495	181,795	178,695	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	218,140	101,855	116,285	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,890	42,315	56,575	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	172,885	83,310	89,580	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0	0	0	331,805	160,790	171,010	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	165	80	85	335	170	165	26,689,275	13,224,375	13,464,900	280	140	140
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	390	180	210	380	195	185	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	400	205	195
Canadian	0	0	0	25	20	10	5,677,205	2,836,675	2,840,530	60	25	30
English	55	15	40	80	45	35	5,322,830	2,600,245	2,722,580	45	30	15
Irish	15	0	10	115	55	60	4,413,120	2,102,610	2,310,505	60	25	35
Scottish	35	15	20	80	35	50	4,392,200	2,131,620	2,260,580	60	30	30
French, n.o.s.¹²²	30	15	15	65	35	35	3,985,945	1,964,695	2,021,250	30	20	10
German	15	10	10	70	45	30	2,955,695	1,449,465	1,506,230	50	15	35
Chinese	40	30	15	0	0	0	1,713,870	806,365	907,500	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	60	40	20	1,546,390	774,250	772,140	0	0	0
Indian (India)	0	0	0	20	0	15	1,347,715	691,535	656,185	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	0	15	45	30	15	1,258,635	612,455	646,175	10	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	20	10	10	988,585	489,045	499,545	20	0	10
Polish	35	0	30	10	0	0	982,820	472,290	510,525	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	981,635	490,130	491,510	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	40	15	20	938,950	462,420	476,530	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	925,490	414,915	510,570	0	0	0
French Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	906,315	441,610	464,705	10	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	691,260	347,080	344,175	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	632,340	304,220	328,120	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	560,335	271,985	288,350	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	551,910	278,060	273,850	0	0	0
Russian	25	0	25	10	10	0	548,140	260,075	288,065	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	15	0	466,500	224,290	242,210	0	0	0
Welsh	15	15	10	0	0	0	455,720	216,490	239,230	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	448,305	222,770	225,535	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	15	0	15	353,495	172,240	181,255	15	15	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	342,040	160,475	181,570	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	334,505	156,840	177,665	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	320,150	155,755	164,395	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	305,170	145,500	159,675	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	303,260	154,435	148,825	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	301,955	148,335	153,625	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	282,015	141,530	140,490	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	279,950	145,620	134,330	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	15	0	0	0	275,530	131,075	144,445	30	15	10
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	263,710	138,210	125,500	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	262,140	132,975	129,160	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	249,070	119,265	129,805	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	226,220	107,785	118,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	219,855	105,825	114,030	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	217,650	101,805	115,845	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	10	10	0	215,885	103,720	112,165	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	10	0	0	210,605	107,990	102,615	30	15	10
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	200,465	100,790	99,675	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	200,340	99,800	100,540	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	196,945	96,220	100,725	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	194,840	94,035	100,810	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	194,640	101,255	93,385	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	189,535	92,740	96,800	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	182,175	90,150	92,030	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	178,990	84,510	94,490	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	166,160	87,665	78,495	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,495	77,435	78,055	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,095	77,735	77,360	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	145,570	72,015	73,555	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	144,055	69,270	74,785	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	132,410	65,175	67,240	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	130,820	64,915	65,905	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	129,425	56,850	72,580	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	120,125	60,575	59,550	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	111,605	53,700	57,905	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	110,735	54,730	56,005	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	105,620	54,095	51,525	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	105,245	55,230	50,020	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	104,765	51,375	53,395	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	102,170	51,165	51,005	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	101,990	50,370	51,620	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	100,555	47,995	52,560	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,980	50,835	49,150	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,925	47,495	51,430	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,250	49,385	48,865	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	97,210	46,270	50,940	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	96,810	48,255	48,550	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	94,585	44,335	50,250	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	93,360	46,945	46,410	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	92,220	44,610	47,600	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,670	45,665	46,005	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,680	39,485	42,195	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,555	39,675	40,880	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,340	41,415	38,925	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,405	37,655	39,750	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,745	39,955	36,795	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,675	37,315	39,365	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	40	10	25	0	0	0	75,425	39,085	36,335	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,770	38,035	35,740	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	71,755	34,670	37,085	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,540	34,680	34,860	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,850	34,105	34,745	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,210	33,475	34,740	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,780	31,525	35,255	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,555	31,555	33,995	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,020	29,280	34,740	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,300	29,865	29,435	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,280	29,150	30,130	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,050	26,385	32,670	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,870	27,845	31,025	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,840	30,560	28,280	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,195	25,715	31,475	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,070	27,025	29,040	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,085	23,685	28,395	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,040	24,510	27,530	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,840	24,885	24,955	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,765	24,165	22,595	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,905	23,930	21,975	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,685	22,520	23,165	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,260	22,000	23,260	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,720	21,700	23,025	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,545	20,675	21,875	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,405	20,105	22,300	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,295	19,925	22,370	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,075	21,740	20,330	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,950	19,835	22,115	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,700	22,325	19,370	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,620	21,050	20,570	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,670	20,210	20,455	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,440	19,500	19,940	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,595	18,785	19,815	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,520	18,935	19,585	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,670	18,235	19,435	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,970	19,580	17,385	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,290	18,185	18,110	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,395	17,140	18,250	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,345	18,410	16,940	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,330	16,485	16,845	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,135	15,355	17,775	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,085	16,235	16,850	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,575	16,525	16,055	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,720	15,650	16,065	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,440	15,265	16,175	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,430	15,700	15,730	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,565	14,635	15,930	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,465	16,585	13,875	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,220	15,225	14,995	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,065	14,830	15,235	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,490	14,320	14,170	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,395	13,220	15,175	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,225	13,490	14,735	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,140	13,515	14,620	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,675	13,830	12,850	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,535	12,960	13,580	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,460	13,920	12,540	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,330	11,910	14,415	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,875	12,500	13,375	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,575	11,860	13,715	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,200	12,495	12,710	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,420	12,265	12,155	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,325	12,230	12,095	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,255	11,510	12,745	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,110	11,540	12,570	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,500	11,665	11,840	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,455	11,080	12,375	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,130	12,670	10,460	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,020	11,040	11,980	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,785	11,695	11,090	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,785	11,680	11,105	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,570	11,405	11,165	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,275	8,525	13,750	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,125	10,615	11,510	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,975	11,215	10,765	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,565	10,595	9,975	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,685	9,730	9,955	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,305	9,890	9,415	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,850	9,055	9,795	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,745	9,030	9,710	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,545	8,975	9,570	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,420	8,545	9,870	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,190	8,850	9,340	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,955	8,625	9,330	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,755	9,275	8,470	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,485	8,825	8,665	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,465	8,710	8,755	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,315	7,300	10,020	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,050	7,935	9,115	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,570	8,255	8,310	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,315	8,565	7,750	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,910	7,715	8,195	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,780	7,505	8,280	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,660	7,485	8,175	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,650	7,290	8,360	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,340	8,155	7,190	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,055	7,180	7,875	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,010	7,255	7,755	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,265	6,730	7,535	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,260	6,525	7,735	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,110	6,810	7,295	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,910	7,435	6,470	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,840	6,730	7,120	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,755	7,020	6,730	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,565	6,510	7,055	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,525	6,610	6,915	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,245	5,800	7,445	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,225	7,055	6,170	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,095	6,530	6,565	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,065	6,175	6,885	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,890	6,150	6,740	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,890	5,965	6,930	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,490	6,580	5,910	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,115	6,080	6,035	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,080	5,905	6,170	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,710	5,980	5,730	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,920	5,370	5,550	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	5,080	5,745	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,750	5,130	5,620	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,490	4,710	5,775	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,275	4,950	5,325	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,015	4,975	5,045	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,955	5,115	4,840	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,915	5,165	4,750	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,835	5,135	4,695	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,825	5,195	4,625	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,795	4,725	5,065	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,700	4,710	4,990	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,455	4,705	4,755	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,350	4,650	4,700	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,165	4,435	4,725	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,150	4,385	4,760	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,090	4,240	4,850	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,970	4,235	4,735	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,400	4,270	4,125	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,315	4,220	4,090	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,310	3,765	4,545	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,285	3,910	4,375	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,255	4,425	3,830	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,140	3,945	4,195	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,115	3,995	4,130	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,080	3,830	4,250	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,945	4,265	3,680	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,745	4,030	3,710	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,660	3,870	3,790	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,640	3,835	3,805	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,635	3,690	3,950	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,535	3,305	4,230	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,480	3,865	3,620	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,415	3,615	3,800	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,390	3,700	3,695	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,285	3,340	3,945	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,225	3,355	3,875	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,220	3,515	3,705	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	3,630	3,180	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,670	3,730	2,945	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,545	3,225	3,320	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,265	3,230	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	2,945	3,535	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,255	3,085	3,170	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,165	3,020	3,145	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,060	2,755	3,305	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,050	3,065	2,985	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,985	2,995	2,995	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,980	2,965	3,015	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,945	3,010	2,930	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,925	2,855	3,075	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	390	180	205	385	190	190	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	400	205	195
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	356,975	157,435	199,540	0	0	0
Christian	190	80	110	205	95	110	19,373,325	9,131,320	10,242,005	145	70	75
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	75	30	50	0	0	0	2,760,760	1,319,760	1,440,995	25	20	0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	144,145	70,095	74,050	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,134,315	515,270	619,045	0	0	0
Baptist	10	0	10	0	0	0	436,940	200,325	236,615	0	0	0
Catholic	45	20	15	105	55	55	10,880,360	5,193,345	5,687,010	70	35	35
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0	0	0	623,010	301,055	321,955	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	137,255	59,505	77,750	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,725	41,365	46,360	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	328,045	150,115	177,925	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	100,655	46,640	54,020	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	399,025	180,870	218,155	15	0	10
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	301,400	136,440	164,960	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,870	39,250	40,620	0	0	0
United Church	15	0	15	55	25	30	1,214,185	531,740	682,445	10	0	10
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	15	0	10	745,650	345,540	400,110	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	828,195	430,135	398,060	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	335,295	164,220	171,070	0	0	0
Muslim	40	15	25	0	0	0	1,775,715	904,205	871,510	40	25	15
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	771,790	394,345	377,445	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,685	38,460	42,230	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	229,015	97,645	131,370	20	0	15
No religion and secular perspectives	145	80	60	160	90	70	12,577,475	6,619,395	5,958,080	200	110	90
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	390	180	210	375	185	190	35,986,480	17,761,880	18,224,600	405	205	195
Non-movers	350	165	180	345	165	180	31,600,930	15,595,875	16,005,050	325	180	145
Movers	40	20	25	30	20	10	4,385,555	2,166,005	2,219,550	75	30	50
Non-migrants	35	15	20	25	15	10	2,572,400	1,270,395	1,302,005	60	20	35
Migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,813,155	895,610	917,550	20	10	15
Internal migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,519,200	748,025	771,180	20	10	15
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250,235	612,810	637,425	20	10	15
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	268,965	135,215	133,750	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	293,955	147,585	146,370	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	375	175	200	365	185	185	34,504,330	17,002,250	17,502,080	395	200	195
Non-movers	285	140	145	290	145	145	21,061,090	10,370,425	10,690,660	160	90	75
Movers	95	35	55	75	40	35	13,443,240	6,631,825	6,811,420	235	110	120
Non-migrants	70	25	45	60	30	30	5,773,890	2,840,425	2,933,460	155	75	80
Migrants	20	10	15	15	10	10	7,669,355	3,791,400	3,877,955	75	30	40
Internal migrants	0	0	0	10	0	0	5,976,960	2,932,205	3,044,755	65	25	40
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	10	0	0	5,055,615	2,472,510	2,583,105	45	20	25
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	921,345	459,695	461,650	25	10	15
External migrants	15	0	15	0	0	0	1,692,390	859,195	833,200	10	0	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	325	150	175	315	155	160	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	370	185	185
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	50	10	40	15	0	10	5,474,175	2,907,175	2,567,000	120	80	35
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	275	140	130	300	150	150	24,861,745	11,954,065	12,907,675	250	105	150
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	230	110	125	185	90	100	19,568,265	9,620,340	9,947,925	270	145	125
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	15	0	10	0	0	0	2,271,360	1,309,215	962,140	70	55	20
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	210	105	110	185	90	100	17,296,905	8,311,120	8,985,780	200	95	105
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	320	145	175	315	155	160	30,335,915	14,861,245	15,474,670	365	180	185
No certificate, diploma or degree	45	10	35	15	0	10	4,899,580	2,534,175	2,365,395	105	65	35
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	70	45	30	50	25	30	8,097,295	4,022,790	4,074,505	170	65	100
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	205	100	110	250	130	120	17,339,045	8,304,275	9,034,770	100	50	45
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	85	40	50	60	25	35	9,252,800	4,623,985	4,628,815	80	50	35
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	0	0	15	10	10	2,641,555	1,811,500	830,055	35	35	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	15	10	10	1,458,160	827,980	630,185	20	20	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,183,395	983,525	199,870	15	15	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	50	25	25	40	20	20	5,714,490	2,439,925	3,274,560	45	15	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	10	20	0	0	0	896,755	372,560	524,195	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	120	60	55	190	100	85	8,086,245	3,680,285	4,405,955	10	0	10
Bachelor's degree	75	30	45	120	65	60	5,295,360	2,339,045	2,956,315	10	0	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	10	0	0	556,510	243,200	313,310	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	20	10	15	214,105	108,000	106,105	0	0	0
Master's degree	35	30	10	35	20	15	1,740,605	824,250	916,355	0	0	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	0	0	0	279,660	165,795	113,870	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	230	110	120	190	90	95	19,568,260	9,620,335	9,947,920	270	145	125
No certificate, diploma or degree	10	0	10	0	0	0	1,931,855	1,094,855	837,000	60	40	20
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	25	15	0	30	15	15	4,501,365	2,349,540	2,151,825	125	65	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	200	90	105	155	75	80	13,135,045	6,175,940	6,959,105	80	40	40
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	75	30	50	25	10	20	6,703,100	3,338,215	3,364,885	65	40	25
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,886,510	1,280,245	606,260	25	25	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050,285	586,420	463,865	15	15	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	836,220	693,830	142,395	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	45	20	30	25	10	20	4,193,505	1,796,935	2,396,575	40	15	25
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	0	25	0	0	0	623,090	261,035	362,050	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	120	60	60	135	70	65	6,431,940	2,837,720	3,594,215	15	0	15
Bachelor's degree	75	30	40	95	50	45	4,177,455	1,808,555	2,368,900	15	0	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	0	0	0	430,875	179,230	251,645	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	10	0	10	167,730	75,120	92,615	0	0	0
Master's degree	35	25	10	20	15	10	1,446,435	659,295	787,145	0	0	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	209,445	115,530	93,915	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	325	150	175	315	155	160	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,675	365	185	185
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	120	55	65	60	25	35	12,996,870	6,556,970	6,439,900	275	135	135
Education	0	0	0	20	0	20	1,113,015	258,365	854,655	0	0	0
13. Education	0	0	0	20	0	20	1,113,015	258,365	854,655	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	0	15	0	0	0	631,255	274,065	357,190	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	74,785	53,390	21,395	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	15	0	0	0	556,470	220,680	335,790	0	0	0
Humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	926,560	354,120	572,440	0	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	106,345	23,460	82,885	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	184,600	53,020	131,580	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	316,050	119,215	196,830	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,935	6,835	12,095	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,745	33,040	24,700	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,510	46,140	31,365	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	108,935	58,310	50,620	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,440	14,090	42,345	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	15	0	15	30	15	15	2,016,125	670,770	1,345,360	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,430	7,065	22,365	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	233,400	88,205	145,200	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	344,150	27,905	316,240	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	15	10	10	325,785	115,335	210,445	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,855	16,000	33,850	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	0	0	0	327,965	79,295	248,665	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0	705,540	336,960	368,580	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	45	25	20	40	20	20	3,758,250	1,488,175	2,270,075	10	0	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,335	1,705	3,630	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	272,240	55,995	216,245	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	45	25	20	40	20	20	3,480,675	1,430,475	2,050,200	10	0	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	35	25	10	719,715	353,540	366,175	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	15	0	10	297,055	121,615	175,435	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,955	72,245	83,705	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,380	14,950	20,430	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	20	20	0	196,620	130,745	65,875	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,710	13,985	20,730	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	20	10	15	15	0	804,230	531,435	272,795	10	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	20	10	0	0	0	643,145	454,370	188,775	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,085	7,100	35,985	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	10	10	0	99,360	57,560	41,800	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,640	12,400	6,240	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	45	30	15	45	30	15	3,506,120	3,131,220	374,900	45	45	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	10	10	0	135,020	81,930	53,090	0	0	0
14. Engineering	20	0	15	35	20	15	900,475	723,080	177,395	0	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	15	15	0	0	0	0	726,155	638,355	87,800	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	190	390	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	703,905	683,060	20,845	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	659,480	640,895	18,590	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	380,505	363,710	16,795	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	0	10	0	0	0	407,545	234,360	173,175	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	15	0	10	0	0	0	262,580	140,520	122,070	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	144,960	93,845	51,115	0	0	0
Health and related fields	35	10	20	30	10	30	2,444,500	485,615	1,958,885	15	0	15
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	180,785	89,005	91,780	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	30	0	20	20	0	20	2,194,395	360,540	1,833,855	15	0	15
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,255	1,425	3,825	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	15	10	10	64,030	34,630	29,400	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,006,425	520,970	485,455	10	0	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0	548,520	151,115	397,410	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,965	3,520	445	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,900	6,210	690	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	227,835	160,930	66,905	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	219,205	199,190	20,010	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,305	1,640	3,665	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	230	110	125	185	85	100	19,568,260	9,620,340	9,947,925	270	145	125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	30	20	15	30	10	15	6,433,215	3,444,395	2,988,825	190	105	85
Education	0	0	0	15	0	15	742,175	158,185	583,990	0	0	0
13. Education	0	0	0	15	0	15	742,175	158,185	583,990	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	0	0	0	490,455	210,500	279,955	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,645	38,170	16,475	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	0	0	0	435,815	172,330	263,480	0	0	0
Humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	649,695	241,235	408,465	0	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,235	16,400	62,835	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	134,815	37,610	97,210	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	216,725	80,505	136,220	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,910	4,540	8,370	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,640	23,645	17,990	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,920	29,245	19,675	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,415	40,800	37,615	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,045	8,490	28,555	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	20	0	20	25	10	10	1,588,720	502,835	1,085,885	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,895	5,520	18,370	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	196,475	72,125	124,350	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	270,970	20,095	250,875	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	10	0	0	261,265	82,850	178,420	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,830	12,160	25,670	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	0	0	0	249,205	55,840	193,365	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0	549,090	254,250	294,840	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	35	20	20	25	15	10	2,941,315	1,140,050	1,801,260	10	0	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,995	1,335	2,665	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	213,140	40,230	172,910	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35	20	20	25	15	10	2,724,175	1,098,490	1,625,685	10	0	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	20	10	15	513,555	241,780	271,785	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10	227,460	90,390	137,075	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	108,350	48,075	60,280	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,270	5,690	8,580	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0	140,510	88,540	51,970	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,960	9,090	13,870	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	20	0	0	0	0	667,305	445,970	221,330	10	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	20	0	0	0	0	554,185	392,835	161,350	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,610	4,720	22,885	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	70,940	39,000	31,940	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,565	9,415	5,155	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	40	25	15	35	25	15	2,611,205	2,292,785	318,420	40	40	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	105,845	61,230	44,605	0	0	0
14. Engineering	20	10	15	35	20	15	724,235	568,385	155,850	0	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	15	0	0	0	0	0	536,600	464,510	72,090	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	160	350	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	510,105	493,000	17,100	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	467,225	452,385	14,840	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	266,690	253,110	13,585	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	0	10	0	0	0	314,120	170,440	143,680	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	15	0	10	0	0	0	199,335	99,700	99,635	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	114,780	70,745	44,040	0	0	0
Health and related fields	35	10	25	15	0	15	1,839,975	371,180	1,468,795	10	0	10
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	139,280	67,885	71,385	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	25	0	25	0	0	0	1,648,120	279,090	1,369,030	10	0	10
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,430	945	3,485	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	10	0	10	48,115	23,255	24,860	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	0	0	0	772,450	399,835	372,615	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0	414,520	112,935	301,590	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,955	2,575	375	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,850	3,415	435	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	183,025	128,295	54,725	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	168,105	152,620	15,485	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,075	1,150	2,930	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	230	110	125	185	85	100	19,568,260	9,620,340	9,947,925	270	145	125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30	20	15	30	10	15	6,433,215	3,444,395	2,988,825	190	105	85
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	195	85	110	155	75	80	13,135,040	6,175,940	6,959,100	80	45	40
Location of study inside Canada	115	60	60	145	65	75	10,490,520	4,926,390	5,564,130	75	35	40
Same as province or territory of residence	75	40	30	135	65	70	9,251,025	4,324,195	4,926,830	60	30	35
Different than province or territory of residence	45	20	25	15	0	15	1,239,495	602,195	637,300	10	10	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	80	30	50	15	10	0	2,644,520	1,249,550	1,394,970	0	0	0
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	483,810	238,040	245,775	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	279,005	143,575	135,435	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,400	16,175	20,230	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,345	4,275	4,070	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,620	5,645	4,970	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,780	6,110	6,670	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,050	18,445	21,605	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,165	13,875	17,295	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,780	3,025	4,750	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,655	5,330	7,320	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,000	21,575	23,425	0	0	0
Europe	15	10	0	0	0	0	543,725	281,205	262,520	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,795	4,260	3,535	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	97,770	53,930	43,840	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,450	12,070	10,380	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	6,065	4,765	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,470	4,420	4,050	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,160	2,465	2,700	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,055	4,165	4,890	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,215	11,115	14,100	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,250	16,190	16,060	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,095	16,250	19,845	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,405	16,635	19,775	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,040	9,175	6,865	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0	0	0	0	151,900	81,980	69,920	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,030	2,915	3,115	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,895	5,055	3,840	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,745	4,470	4,280	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	60,615	30,055	30,560	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	216,815	111,010	105,805	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,280	16,395	16,880	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,230	17,020	16,210	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,640	12,125	11,510	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,655	7,100	5,555	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,255	15,145	15,115	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,060	9,900	9,160	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,700	33,325	31,385	0	0	0
Asia	35	0	30	0	0	0	1,352,215	594,805	757,410	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,630	30,180	36,450	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,515	8,250	8,265	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,355	5,725	5,630	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,565	9,355	10,210	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,405	7,885	8,520	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,855	6,595	5,260	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	0	0	0	201,100	87,370	113,720	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,520	4,750	9,770	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,325	7,445	10,875	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,605	5,280	13,325	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,575	20,575	33,000	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	305,795	115,370	190,420	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,500	4,490	8,005	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	0	10	0	0	0	25,000	11,360	13,645	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,085	7,090	7,995	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	405,850	199,380	206,475	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,155	35,055	40,100	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,385	28,650	35,735	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,960	24,495	23,460	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,525	19,270	19,250	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,785	4,300	3,485	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	930	730	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	320	145	175	315	155	155	30,335,915	14,861,245	15,474,670	365	180	185
In the labour force	255	135	120	200	125	75	19,310,345	10,056,270	9,254,070	210	115	95
Employed	195	110	85	195	115	75	17,321,695	9,056,680	8,265,025	145	75	75
Unemployed	60	20	35	0	0	0	1,988,645	999,600	989,045	60	40	20
Not in the labour force	70	15	55	115	35	80	11,025,575	4,804,970	6,220,605	160	70	90
Participation rate	79.7	93.1	68.6	63.5	80.6	48.4	63.7	67.7	59.8	57.5	63.9	51.4
Employment rate	60.9	75.9	48.6	61.9	74.2	48.4	57.1	60.9	53.4	39.7	41.7	40.5
Unemployment rate	23.5	14.8	29.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	10.3	9.9	10.7	28.6	34.8	21.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	325	150	175	315	155	160	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,675	365	185	185
Did not work¹⁸⁶	80	20	60	105	25	75	11,140,775	4,889,605	6,251,170	160	75	85
Worked	245	130	110	215	130	85	19,195,145	9,971,640	9,223,500	210	110	100
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	120	70	50	110	85	20	10,215,385	5,685,910	4,529,475	85	55	30
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	125	65	60	105	40	60	8,979,760	4,285,730	4,694,025	115	55	65
Average weeks worked in reference year	35.4	36.4	34.4	44.0	43.2	45.6	41.0	41.7	40.3	37.8	39.6	36.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	255	135	120	200	120	80	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	210	115	95
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	0	20	0	0	0	486,865	237,950	248,915	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	235	130	105	200	120	80	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	205	110	95
Employee	220	120	105	115	50	65	16,103,455	8,139,075	7,964,375	165	85	80
Permanent position	175	90	85	95	45	50	13,431,685	6,866,375	6,565,310	160	85	80
Temporary position	45	30	20	20	0	15	2,671,765	1,272,700	1,399,065	0	0	0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	10	0	10	0	0	0	867,740	386,965	480,775	0	0	0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	35	30	10	15	0	10	1,804,030	885,740	918,285	0	0	0
Self-employed¹⁹²	15	15	0	85	70	15	2,720,025	1,679,250	1,040,780	40	25	20
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	255	135	120	200	120	80	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	210	115	95
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	0	20	0	0	0	486,865	237,950	248,915	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	235	130	105	200	120	80	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	205	110	95
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	20	20	0	254,760	177,450	77,315	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	40	25	15	45	20	20	3,303,180	1,062,425	2,240,755	20	0	10
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	50	30	25	10	10	0	1,587,980	1,199,390	388,595	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	25	0	20	25	10	15	1,504,100	298,960	1,205,135	0	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	35	15	25	25	10	15	2,322,345	752,280	1,570,075	0	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	20	20	0	596,785	275,420	321,360	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	40	15	25	30	25	15	4,616,050	2,072,110	2,543,945	75	10	65
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	25	25	0	10	10	0	3,239,500	2,950,915	288,585	85	85	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	10	0	10	541,235	416,960	124,270	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	10	0	0	0	0	857,540	612,415	245,120	15	15	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	255	135	120	200	120	80	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	210	115	95
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	0	20	0	0	0	486,865	237,950	248,915	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	235	130	105	200	120	80	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	205	110	95
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	434,800	295,160	139,640	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	10	10	20	15	10	239,030	195,605	43,425	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	147,750	109,475	38,270	0	0	0
23 Construction	35	25	10	20	15	10	1,469,085	1,269,060	200,025	45	40	0
31-33 Manufacturing	10	0	10	0	0	0	1,540,490	1,095,160	445,330	10	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	0	0	0	610,295	406,960	203,335	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	25	10	15	0	0	0	2,149,640	1,027,160	1,122,480	45	10	35
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	10	0	10	10	0	981,030	742,515	238,515	35	35	0
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	0	0	0	400,460	237,940	162,520	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	0	0	0	815,225	358,145	457,080	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	25	15	0	343,940	186,230	157,710	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	60	35	20	40	35	0	1,571,160	877,780	693,380	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,455	21,495	23,955	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	0	0	0	792,600	457,880	334,725	0	0	0
61 Educational services	0	0	0	20	0	15	1,413,320	436,645	976,670	0	0	0
62 Health care and social assistance	25	10	15	30	10	15	2,446,370	470,340	1,976,030	15	0	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	0	0	0	350,710	180,205	170,500	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	10	0	10	0	0	0	1,085,270	478,000	607,270	20	0	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	0	0	0	0	0	797,935	373,775	424,165	0	0	0
91 Public administration	10	10	0	0	0	0	1,188,915	598,780	590,135	0	0	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	250	135	115	220	130	90	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	225	125	105
English	230	125	100	210	125	85	14,942,170	7,807,315	7,134,855	210	110	95
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,164,890	1,592,470	1,572,420	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	169,205	89,515	79,685	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,935	3,590	3,345	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	162,265	85,925	76,345	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,682,510	859,635	822,870	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	570,220	291,000	279,220	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,935	9,955	10,980	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,340	34,190	35,145	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,265	5,960	5,305	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	250	135	115	220	130	90	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	225	125	105
Single responses	250	135	115	220	130	90	20,176,640	10,458,830	9,717,810	225	125	105
Official languages	240	130	110	215	130	85	19,866,180	10,297,010	9,569,175	215	120	95
English	240	130	110	215	130	85	15,879,850	8,272,750	7,607,105	215	120	95
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,986,330	2,024,260	1,962,070	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310,455	161,825	148,635	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,435	9,725	9,710	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,600	6,020	5,575	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,115	4,715	4,400	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,985	3,170	2,815	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	385	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	110	85	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	80	65	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,695	2,500	2,205	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	875	1,075	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	435	400	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	825	430	395	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,585	830	755	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	490	385	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	340	355	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	10	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	295	320	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	410	480	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	410	475	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	255	280	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	90	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	15	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	25	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,630	3,200	3,425	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,605	3,200	3,405	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	80	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	35	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	291,025	152,095	138,925	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,265	5,300	3,955	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	185	235	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	155	210	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,785	5,080	3,705	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	95	120	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,190	4,250	2,940	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	325	130	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	240	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	70	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	240	340	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	165	160	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,770	4,135	5,635	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	215	285	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,260	3,905	5,350	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,760	2,180	2,580	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,205	1,895	2,310	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	185	210	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	170	205	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,010	1,410	1,605	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	140	110	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,685	1,255	1,425	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	15	55	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	112,395	64,055	48,335	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	170	140	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	295	235	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,085	4,390	5,695	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	15	75	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	10	35	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,995	4,375	5,620	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	55	90	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	60	15	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,265	1,000	1,265	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,240	2,085	3,155	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	485	355	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	80	40	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	95	65	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	310	245	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	620	650	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,250	8,060	6,190	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,480	5,695	4,790	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,615	3,655	2,970	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,560	1,405	1,150	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	520	530	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,540	2,245	1,290	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	40	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	515	440	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	420	140	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	1,275	670	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	445	430	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,455	32,965	22,490	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,020	28,910	19,100	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	290	355	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,115	515	600	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,145	1,090	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	125	145	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,840	25,480	15,365	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	80	25	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,725	1,265	1,465	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,430	4,045	3,385	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	145	35	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	70	60	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,110	3,825	3,285	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	445	360	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,715	2,980	2,735	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	400	195	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,795	17,685	13,105	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,625	730	900	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,970	4,070	2,895	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	375	310	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,455	12,465	8,990	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,560	1,225	2,340	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,345	7,125	7,225	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	210	200	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	95	55	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	795	1,210	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,590	620	970	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	110	180	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	65	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	128,375	64,180	64,190	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	128,045	63,990	64,055	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,040	37,760	38,280	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	210	270	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,950	25,725	25,225	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	240	220	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	175	125	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	40	20	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	85	50	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	80	45	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	310	450	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	275	395	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	695	650	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	25	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	660	615	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	215	270	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	15	50	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	25	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	170	160	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0	0	0	453,880	231,205	222,675	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	321,975	163,305	158,675	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	115,955	60,210	55,745	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,280	2,795	3,485	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,405	3,795	3,605	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,265	1,100	1,165	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	250	135	115	220	130	90	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	225	125	105
None	230	125	100	215	125	90	18,696,980	9,704,050	8,992,935	220	120	105
English	0	0	0	0	0	0	902,625	474,755	427,875	0	0	0
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	589,755	288,955	300,800	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	331,375	168,035	163,335	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,190	7,740	10,450	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	313,185	160,295	152,885	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,445	1,495	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,125	15,680	17,445	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,615	11,475	11,135	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	210	150	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,740	25,425	25,315	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	195	115	85	190	115	80	17,321,700	9,056,680	8,265,020	150	75	75
Worked at home	75	45	30	105	70	40	4,214,860	2,000,150	2,214,705	20	0	20
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,335	40,295	18,035	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	10	10	0	10	10	0	2,201,745	1,660,325	541,415	45	35	10
Usual place of work	105	60	50	80	40	40	10,846,770	5,355,910	5,490,860	85	40	50
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	105	60	45	75	35	45	10,846,770	5,355,905	5,490,860	85	35	45
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	85	40	45	75	35	45	6,397,120	2,970,205	3,426,915	75	35	40
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	20	15	0	0	0	0	2,343,640	1,185,830	1,157,810	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,007,950	1,139,665	868,285	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,060	60,210	37,850	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	120	65	55	90	50	45	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	130	75	55
Car, truck or van	95	55	35	75	40	35	10,950,750	6,060,925	4,889,825	115	65	50
Car, truck or van - as a driver	85	50	35	75	35	35	10,106,595	5,717,830	4,388,770	90	60	30
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	0	0	0	844,155	343,100	501,050	25	0	20
Public transit	30	15	15	0	0	0	1,000,510	422,270	578,235	10	10	0
Walked	0	0	0	10	10	0	672,815	296,610	376,205	0	0	0
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,615	92,195	46,415	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	285,820	144,225	141,595	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	120	65	55	90	50	45	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	130	75	55
Less than 15 minutes	10	10	0	25	15	10	4,178,570	1,993,385	2,185,185	0	0	0
15 to 29 minutes	55	30	20	50	20	25	4,546,195	2,418,910	2,127,285	80	40	40
30 to 44 minutes	20	15	10	0	0	0	2,487,010	1,462,340	1,024,670	30	20	10
45 to 59 minutes	15	0	10	0	0	0	910,610	542,485	368,125	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	25	15	15	0	0	0	926,120	599,115	327,005	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	120	65	55	90	50	45	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	130	75	55
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	10	0	0	0	0	938,820	701,960	236,865	15	0	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	20	10	10	10	10	0	2,274,845	1,465,860	808,985	40	30	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15	0	10	25	10	10	3,435,740	1,776,900	1,658,845	20	15	0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	10	0	0	25	10	10	2,711,355	1,189,065	1,522,290	15	10	0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	15	0	15	20	10	15	1,661,340	740,915	920,430	15	0	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	45	30	15	10	0	0	2,026,405	1,141,540	884,865	30	15	15
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	105	50	50	100	40	55	7,335,800	3,768,210	3,567,595	55	35	25
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	5	5	10	5	5	897,205	456,120	441,085	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	90	45	45	90	40	50	6,438,595	3,312,090	3,126,505	55	35	25
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	90	45	45	85	40	45	5,372,330	2,761,965	2,610,365	35	20	15
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	5	5	5	5	5	682,190	346,420	335,770	0	0	0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	5	5	0	5	467,685	234,475	233,215	0	0	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	0	0	5	5	214,500	111,950	102,550	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	80	35	45	80	35	45	4,690,140	2,415,545	2,274,595	35	20	15

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 7, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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