Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062256More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48060640More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062516More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	1,018	...	...	1,229	...	...	9,296	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	337	...	...	921	...	...	2,438	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	334	...	...	798	...	...	2,370	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,853.9	...	...	5,619.6	...	...	901.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.36	...	...	0.22	...	...	10.32	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	1,015	490	530	1,230	640	590	9,295	4,635	4,660
0 to 14 years	160	80	80	55	20	40	2,650	1,355	1,295
0 to 4 years	50	20	35	25	5	20	1,050	560	485
5 to 9 years	40	20	15	25	10	20	895	450	440
10 to 14 years	70	40	30	10	5	5	715	345	365
15 to 64 years	755	365	390	840	475	370	6,235	3,080	3,155
15 to 19 years	80	35	45	5	5	5	515	265	250
20 to 24 years	70	35	35	80	35	40	530	260	265
25 to 29 years	60	35	20	140	70	70	750	360	395
30 to 34 years	60	25	30	160	85	70	1,115	550	560
35 to 39 years	70	35	35	100	50	45	1,100	525	575
40 to 44 years	85	35	50	60	40	25	800	400	395
45 to 49 years	80	35	45	55	35	20	505	270	240
50 to 54 years	100	45	55	75	50	20	355	175	175
55 to 59 years	85	45	40	80	50	30	305	145	165
60 to 64 years	65	35	35	85	55	35	255	125	130
65 years and over	105	50	55	330	145	185	410	200	215
65 to 69 years	45	20	25	85	50	40	180	95	85
70 to 74 years	35	10	20	55	30	30	125	55	65
75 to 79 years	10	5	5	30	15	20	75	30	40
80 to 84 years	0	0	0	60	25	35	25	10	15
85 years and over	5	5	5	90	35	60	15	5	10
85 to 89 years	5	5	5	50	15	30	10	5	10
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	30	15	15	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.8	16.3	15.1	4.5	3.1	6.8	28.5	29.2	27.8
15 to 64 years	74.4	74.5	73.6	68.3	74.2	62.7	67.1	66.5	67.7
65 years and over	10.3	10.2	10.4	26.8	22.7	31.4	4.4	4.3	4.6
85 years and over	0.5	1.0	0.9	7.3	5.5	10.2	0.2	0.1	0.2
Average age of the population	38.8	38.6	39.1	48.6	48.2	49.2	29.8	29.4	30.1
Median age of the population	40.4	39.6	41.2	46.0	47.2	44.4	31.0	30.8	31.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	335	...	...	795	...	...	2,370	...	...
Single-detached house	335	...	...	0	...	...	1,665	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	95	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	565	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	0	...	...	35	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	135	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	655	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	335	...	...	800	...	...	2,370	...	...
1 person	35	...	...	500	...	...	120	...	...
2 persons	90	...	...	235	...	...	360	...	...
3 persons	90	...	...	45	...	...	470	...	...
4 persons	80	...	...	15	...	...	675	...	...
5 or more persons	35	...	...	5	...	...	745	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,015	490	530	1,180	590	590	9,295	4,635	4,660
Average household size	3.1	...	...	1.5	...	...	3.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	860	410	445	1,170	620	550	6,645	3,280	3,370
Married or living common-law	530	260	265	420	210	210	4,725	2,360	2,365
Married	470	230	235	325	160	160	4,550	2,270	2,275
Living common-law	55	25	30	95	50	50	180	85	90
Living common law - Never married	40	25	20	90	45	40	145	70	75
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Living common law - Divorced	15	5	5	5	0	0	20	10	10
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	330	150	180	750	410	340	1,925	920	1,000
Not married and not living common law - Never married	240	125	115	490	315	180	1,525	825	700
Not married and not living common law - Separated	20	5	15	35	20	15	80	25	50
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	45	15	25	110	60	55	140	40	100
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	25	0	25	110	20	90	175	25	155
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	300	...	...	230	...	...	2,490	...	...
2 persons	115	...	...	180	...	...	665	...	...
3 persons	95	...	...	40	...	...	645	...	...
4 persons	75	...	...	10	...	...	800	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	5	...	...	385	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.3	...	...	3.4	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.3	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	305	...	...	230	...	...	2,495	...	...
Total couple families	260	...	...	195	...	...	2,230	...	...
Married couples	230	...	...	145	...	...	2,145	...	...
With children⁶	155	...	...	35	...	...	1,655	...	...
Without children	70	...	...	110	...	...	490	...	...
Common-law couples	30	...	...	50	...	...	90	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	5	...	...	45	...	...
Without children	15	...	...	45	...	...	45	...	...
Total one-parent families	40	...	...	35	...	...	260	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	35	...	...	20	...	...	220	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	15	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	1,020	490	525	1,180	590	590	9,295	4,635	4,660
Total - Persons in census families	915	440	475	525	245	275	8,535	4,260	4,280
Married spouses or common-law partners	520	255	260	390	195	195	4,465	2,230	2,235
Parents in one-parent families	45	10	30	35	10	25	260	45	215
Children⁶	350	175	180	100	40	60	3,810	1,985	1,830
In a two-parent family	285	150	140	55	20	35	3,360	1,750	1,615
In a one-parent family	65	30	35	45	20	25	450	235	215
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	105	50	55	655	345	315	760	380	380
Living alone	40	15	25	505	255	245	120	75	40
Living with other relatives⁷	35	20	15	40	20	15	450	195	260
Living with non-relatives only	30	15	15	110	60	55	185	105	80
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	330	...	...	800	...	...	2,370	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	245	...	...	210	...	...	1,610	...	...
Couple-family households	215	...	...	185	...	...	1,470	...	...
With children⁶	155	...	...	40	...	...	1,210	...	...
Without children	65	...	...	145	...	...	265	...	...
One-parent-family households	25	...	...	25	...	...	135	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	15	...	...	0	...	...	330	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	0	...	...	65	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	15	...	...	15	...	...	185	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	10	...	...	65	...	...	65	...	...
One-person households	35	...	...	500	...	...	120	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	860	415	450	1,120	570	550	6,650	3,285	3,365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	790	385	405	1,095	560	535	6,225	3,100	3,125
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,000	54,400	37,200	27,200	29,000	26,200	37,600	43,600	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	790	385	405	1,095	560	535	6,225	3,100	3,125
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	47,200	34,000	26,200	27,200	25,200	34,800	39,600	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	735	355	380	780	395	385	5,465	2,860	2,600
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	54,000	26,400	26,600	32,400	21,400	33,200	41,600	23,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	640	315	325	630	330	295	5,090	2,660	2,430
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	55,600	29,800	38,400	40,800	34,400	31,800	39,600	25,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	690	325	365	1,010	520	495	5,700	2,820	2,880
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,080	3,520	7,450	14,100	13,500	14,600	6,850	3,160	10,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	95	45	50	95	50	45	970	325	645
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	6,080	6,000	6,160	5,480	6,000	5,520	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	265	110	165	330	175	160	2,770	1,325	1,440
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,300	10,000	8,000	9,500	9,000	10,000	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	925	450	470	1,090	570	515	6,550	3,295	3,260
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	835	420	415	1,075	565	510	6,155	3,115	3,040
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,000	66,800	41,400	42,700	46,600	38,400	43,760	49,280	38,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	835	420	415	1,075	565	510	6,155	3,115	3,040
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	54,800	37,200	37,900	41,200	34,400	38,600	42,680	34,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	785	390	395	800	405	400	5,435	2,895	2,540
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,200	63,800	31,100	41,800	47,000	36,400	39,480	46,160	31,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	690	365	330	610	325	290	5,075	2,700	2,380
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,100	60,600	32,200	50,000	54,800	44,400	38,840	44,760	32,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	740	360	385	980	520	460	5,600	2,810	2,795
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,740	8,480	12,850	12,520	13,750	11,120	9,770	7,060	12,480
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	100	35	60	55	30	30	925	345	580
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,600	6,000	7,000	4,200	5,200	3,400	8,100	7,480	8,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	285	130	155	315	180	135	2,550	1,295	1,260
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,600	11,400	11,800	9,400	9,500	9,200	9,130	8,640	9,640
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	925	450	470	1,090	575	520	6,555	3,295	3,260
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	305	210	95	275	150	120	2,265	1,340	925
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	73,000	80,000	58,800	64,500	66,500	64,000	51,600	56,400	47,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	77,500	86,000	60,000	74,500	82,000	66,000	56,100	61,400	48,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	300	125	175	240	135	105	2,045	950	1,095
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,000	24,400	16,200	22,200	22,200	20,400	17,800	22,600	15,900
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,800	30,800	20,400	29,200	30,000	28,000	26,360	30,100	23,120
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	82.4	89.0	71.5	73.2	73.0	74.0	79.6	87.0	69.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	72.4	79.5	61.6	66.5	67.5	66.0	73.2	78.6	66.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	17.6	10.9	28.4	26.8	27.2	26.2	20.3	12.9	30.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	0.7	2.6	0.5	0.6	0.5	2.8	1.7	4.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	8.0	5.7	11.8	7.4	7.5	7.4	9.6	7.9	11.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	7.4	5.4	10.4	6.5	6.5	6.4	8.6	7.3	10.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	860	410	445	1,120	570	550	6,645	3,280	3,370
Without total income	70	30	40	25	10	15	425	185	240
With total income	785	385	405	1,095	560	535	6,225	3,100	3,125
Under $10,000 (including loss)	95	40	55	75	35	35	660	245	415
$10,000 to $19,999	65	25	35	160	75	85	670	285	380
$20,000 to $29,999	120	50	70	365	175	190	1,010	450	560
$30,000 to $39,999	85	35	55	120	60	55	965	410	555
$40,000 to $49,999	85	35	50	80	40	40	810	405	410
$50,000 to $59,999	60	30	35	65	40	30	660	340	320
$60,000 to $69,999	60	35	25	45	20	30	465	255	215
$70,000 to $79,999	45	20	25	45	25	25	325	210	120
$80,000 to $89,999	40	25	20	35	20	20	195	145	50
$90,000 to $99,999	30	15	10	15	10	5	160	125	40
$100,000 and over	105	80	20	85	55	30	295	230	65
$100,000 to $149,999	70	50	20	50	30	25	255	195	60
$150,000 and over	35	35	0	30	25	10	40	30	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	860	410	445	1,120	570	550	6,645	3,280	3,370
Without after-tax income	70	30	40	25	10	15	420	185	240
With after-tax income	785	385	405	1,095	560	535	6,225	3,100	3,125
Under $10,000 (including loss)	95	40	55	75	35	35	665	250	415
$10,000 to $19,999	70	30	40	165	80	85	685	295	390
$20,000 to $29,999	130	50	80	375	180	195	1,190	535	660
$30,000 to $39,999	105	40	60	135	75	60	1,110	510	595
$40,000 to $49,999	90	40	50	100	50	45	960	490	470
$50,000 to $59,999	80	45	35	65	25	35	640	345	295
$60,000 to $69,999	55	30	30	65	35	30	400	250	150
$70,000 to $79,999	45	25	20	35	25	10	255	190	65
$80,000 to $89,999	40	30	15	20	10	5	150	115	35
$90,000 to $99,999	20	15	5	15	10	10	70	50	20
$100,000 and over	55	45	10	45	30	15	100	80	25
$100,000 to $124,999	20	15	5	20	10	10	70	50	15
$125,000 and over	30	30	0	30	25	10	35	25	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	860	410	445	1,120	570	550	6,645	3,280	3,370
Without employment income	220	95	120	495	240	255	1,560	620	940
With employment income	640	315	320	625	330	300	5,085	2,660	2,425
Under $5,000 (including loss)	75	35	45	60	25	35	615	260	355
$5,000 to $9,999	75	20	50	60	30	35	495	190	305
$10,000 to $19,999	70	30	45	80	45	35	695	325	370
$20,000 to $29,999	45	20	30	65	35	35	615	300	315
$30,000 to $39,999	45	20	30	45	30	15	550	270	280
$40,000 to $49,999	55	20	25	60	35	30	545	275	265
$50,000 to $59,999	55	30	25	40	20	25	460	245	215
$60,000 to $69,999	40	25	15	40	25	20	325	190	135
$70,000 to $79,999	30	15	15	35	15	15	250	180	70
$80,000 to $89,999	35	20	20	30	15	15	155	130	30
$90,000 to $99,999	25	20	10	15	10	5	130	100	25
$100,000 and over	90	70	20	75	50	25	245	195	50
$100,000 to $124,999	45	35	15	30	20	15	170	135	40
$125,000 and over	45	40	10	40	30	10	75	65	10
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	860	415	450	1,120	570	550	6,650	3,285	3,365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	775	370	400	1,075	550	525	6,015	2,995	3,025
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,800	50,400	34,400	23,400	24,400	23,000	36,400	43,200	30,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	775	370	400	1,075	550	525	6,015	2,995	3,025
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	44,800	32,000	23,400	24,000	23,000	33,600	38,800	29,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	720	345	375	775	395	375	5,330	2,825	2,505
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600	53,600	31,000	28,000	32,000	24,400	36,400	44,000	29,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	625	305	320	615	330	285	5,045	2,670	2,380
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	55,600	32,400	34,000	35,600	33,200	35,200	41,200	30,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	645	315	335	985	500	485	5,410	2,670	2,735
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,040	900	2,380	3,240	2,420	4,880	1,160	940	4,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	60	30	35	40	20	20	600	180	420
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,550	7,400	8,000	5,120	5,520	x	7,150	5,440	8,300
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	925	450	470	1,090	570	515	6,550	3,295	3,260
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	840	430	410	1,055	555	500	5,945	2,995	2,945
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,700	59,800	39,200	37,500	40,000	34,800	41,840	48,280	35,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	840	430	410	1,055	555	500	5,945	2,995	2,945
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,300	49,400	34,800	33,600	35,800	31,100	36,720	41,600	31,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	760	385	370	800	405	390	5,250	2,850	2,400
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,400	62,200	36,000	38,700	42,000	35,400	42,360	48,520	35,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	670	355	315	615	325	290	5,000	2,700	2,305
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,400	61,800	35,200	45,000	47,600	42,000	41,440	46,920	35,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	730	375	355	970	515	455	5,295	2,605	2,690
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,770	3,860	7,800	9,040	10,160	7,760	4,936	2,490	7,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	80	45	35	30	25	0	595	180	420
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,200	8,400	10,000	9,000	10,000	...	8,960	7,650	9,560
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	925	450	470	1,090	575	520	6,555	3,295	3,260
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	300	200	95	260	140	120	2,215	1,310	905
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,500	79,000	55,200	58,800	56,000	59,600	50,400	56,400	43,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	75,000	83,000	58,000	68,000	75,000	60,000	54,800	60,550	46,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	280	120	160	225	130	100	1,895	940	960
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,600	23,600	17,000	23,800	24,600	19,600	26,800	29,000	25,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,600	36,500	26,000	31,400	30,000	33,500	32,640	35,800	29,550
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.0	94.0	83.0	78.0	76.5	80.0	89.4	95.6	81.2
Employment income (%)	79.2	86.0	69.0	70.0	70.0	70.0	83.4	87.4	77.8
Government transfers (%)	10.0	5.7	17.0	22.0	23.4	20.2	10.5	4.5	18.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.4	2.4	0.6	1.0	x	2.2	0.9	3.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	335	...	...	800	...	...	2,370	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	36,800	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	36,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	35	...	...	500	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	24,600	...	...	56,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	24,600	...	...	48,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	295	...	...	300	...	...	2,255	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...	71,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	66,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	350	...	...	795	...	...	2,380	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	127,600	...	...	57,500	...	...	113,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	108,800	...	...	51,200	...	...	99,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	510	...	...	115	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	42,200	...	...	58,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	37,200	...	...	49,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	305	...	...	290	...	...	2,265	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...	85,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	102,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	335	...	...	795	...	...	2,370	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	25	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	205	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	55	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	40	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...	55	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	25	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	25	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	45	...	...	115	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	40	...	...	140	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	30	...	...	205	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	35	...	...	220	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	30	...	...	215	...	...
$100,000 and over	215	...	...	135	...	...	1,300	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	55	...	...	50	...	...	490	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	45	...	...	30	...	...	325	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	70	...	...	25	...	...	325	...	...
$200,000 and over	50	...	...	30	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	335	...	...	795	...	...	2,370	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	25	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	210	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	60	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	45	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...	45	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	35	...	...	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	30	...	...	55	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	55	...	...	130	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	45	...	...	225	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	35	...	...	270	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	35	...	...	260	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...	25	...	...	275	...	...
$100,000 and over	175	...	...	95	...	...	995	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	45	...	...	40	...	...	455	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	50	...	...	25	...	...	245	...	...
$150,000 and over	75	...	...	35	...	...	295	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	290	...	...	245	...	...	2,255	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...	65,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	61,200	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	2.3	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	70	...	...	150	...	...	300	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	56,800	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	53,200	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	170	...	...	40	...	...	1,675	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	148,000	...	...	93,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	86,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.5	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	30	...	...	185	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	60,800	...	...	77,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	57,200	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.3	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	70	30	40	615	315	300	305	185	125
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,000	62,000	42,800	25,600	26,200	24,800	38,800	38,800	38,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,600	52,400	40,000	25,000	25,600	24,600	34,800	34,800	34,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	305	...	...	245	...	...	2,265	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	86,000	...	...	113,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	77,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	175	...	...	340	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	96,000	...	...	101,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	86,000	...	...	86,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	195	...	...	0	...	...	1,640	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	152,000	...	...	...	...	...	118,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	x	...	...	104,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	50	...	...	185	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	52,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	48,000	...	...	77,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	75	45	25	600	340	260	305	195	110
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,000	56,000	56,000	41,000	42,600	38,800	42,400	46,000	36,500
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,000	48,000	52,000	36,200	37,200	34,800	36,800	39,600	32,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	1,015	490	530	1,175	590	590	9,295	4,635	4,660
0 to 17 years	200	100	105	60	25	40	2,975	1,520	1,455
0 to 5 years	60	25	35	25	10	15	1,235	650	585
18 to 64 years	710	345	365	795	430	370	5,905	2,915	2,995
65 years and over	100	45	55	325	140	185	410	200	210
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	45	20	25	445	220	225	620	295	325
0 to 17 years	15	5	5	20	5	10	275	135	140
0 to 5 years	0	0	5	5	0	5	95	45	50
18 to 64 years	30	15	15	200	120	85	320	155	165
65 years and over	5	0	0	220	90	125	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.4	4.4	4.4	37.6	37.2	37.6	6.7	6.4	6.9
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	6.0	6.0	34.0	40.0	32.0	9.3	8.8	9.8
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	25.0	x	x	7.8	7.0	8.4
18 to 64 years (%)	3.8	3.6	4.0	25.6	28.4	22.8	5.4	5.2	5.6
65 years and over (%)	5.0	x	x	67.5	65.0	70.0	6.0	5.0	7.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	1,020	490	525	1,180	590	590	9,295	4,635	4,660
0 to 17 years	205	95	105	60	20	35	2,975	1,520	1,455
0 to 5 years	60	25	35	25	5	20	1,240	650	585
18 to 64 years	715	350	360	795	430	365	5,910	2,915	2,990
65 years and over	105	50	60	320	135	180	415	200	215
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	45	20	25	200	110	90	295	150	145
0 to 17 years	15	5	5	10	5	5	100	50	45
0 to 5 years	5	0	5	0	0	0	40	25	20
18 to 64 years	30	15	15	165	95	70	190	95	90
65 years and over	5	0	0	25	15	15	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.4	4.4	4.4	17.0	18.8	15.2	3.2	3.3	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	7.0	5.0	8.0	16.0	x	16.0	3.5	3.5	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.2	3.2	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	4.0	4.5	4.0	20.6	22.0	19.0	3.1	3.3	3.0
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	8.5	10.0	8.0	2.4	2.0	3.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	1,015	490	530	1,180	590	590	9,295	4,635	4,660
In bottom half of the distribution	360	170	190	845	415	435	5,410	2,665	2,745
In bottom decile	55	25	30	350	165	185	545	265	280
In second decile	60	30	30	235	120	115	870	425	440
In third decile	65	30	35	105	50	55	1,260	605	655
In fourth decile	70	35	40	85	45	45	1,385	685	700
In fifth decile	105	55	50	60	35	30	1,350	685	665
In top half of the distribution	660	320	340	335	180	160	3,885	1,970	1,910
In sixth decile	85	40	40	70	35	30	1,185	615	570
In seventh decile	145	75	70	60	30	30	1,080	545	535
In eighth decile	135	65	70	70	30	35	925	455	470
In ninth decile	195	85	105	55	30	25	495	255	235
In top decile	100	50	50	80	50	35	205	100	100
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	1,020	...	...	1,180	...	...	9,295	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.269	...	...	0.418	...	...	0.229	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.351	...	...	0.637	...	...	0.332	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.234	...	...	0.373	...	...	0.208	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.0	...	...	4.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	1,020	490	525	1,180	590	590	9,295	4,635	4,660
English only	935	460	475	875	465	410	8,350	4,200	4,155
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
English and French	60	20	40	60	40	20	195	100	100
Neither English nor French	25	5	15	245	80	160	730	330	395
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	1,020	490	525	1,180	590	590	9,295	4,635	4,660
English	975	475	500	920	500	425	8,490	4,265	4,220
French	10	0	5	15	10	5	60	25	30
English and French	15	5	10	0	0	0	35	15	15
Neither English nor French	25	5	15	245	80	160	715	320	390
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	1,020	490	525	1,180	590	590	9,295	4,635	4,660
Single responses	965	470	490	1,135	565	570	8,065	4,010	4,050
Official languages	535	255	280	525	305	215	1,985	980	1,005
English	525	250	270	510	295	205	1,945	965	980
French	10	0	5	10	5	5	40	15	20
Non-official languages	435	215	215	615	260	350	6,080	3,030	3,050
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	435	215	215	610	260	355	6,080	3,030	3,050
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	10	35	15	15	175	90	90
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	10	30	15	20	155	80	80
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	30
Arabic	0	0	0	20	15	10	95	55	45
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	5	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	15	5	10	55	25	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	15	10	10	55	25	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	95	45	50	30	15	10	515	235	275
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cebuano	5	5	5	0	0	0	30	20	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	10
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0	30	15	15
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	40	40	30	15	15	425	190	235
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	0	10	5	10	95	50	45
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	5	45	20	20
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0	15	10	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	180	95	85	105	60	50	5,080	2,550	2,525
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	35	40	10	10	5	25	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	70	35	40	10	10	5	25	15	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	40	15	20	5	0	0	15	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	5	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
German	5	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	15	5	50	20	25	4,955	2,485	2,470
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	5	30	20	15	4,745	2,390	2,355
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	0	0	0	0	100	50	50
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	120	115
Hindi	5	5	0	10	5	5	280	145	140
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	70	55
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	5	0	0	3,135	1,590	1,545
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Urdu	0	0	0	15	5	10	800	385	420
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	5	210	95	115
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	25
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50
Persian languages	0	0	0	15	5	5	85	40	45
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	40
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	40	25	45	25	20	90	50	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	20	15	10	0	0	0	5	0	0
Spanish	35	20	15	30	20	10	80	45	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	10	30	15	20	5	5	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	5	5	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	105	55	55	360	135	225	45	25	25
Chinese languages	105	55	50	360	135	225	45	25	25
Hakka	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	40	40	85	35	50	15	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	265	100	160	25	10	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	20	35	45	25	20	1,230	625	605
English and French	5	0	5	5	0	0	10	10	0
English and non-official language(s)	45	20	30	35	15	20	1,135	575	560
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	70	35	35
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	1,020	490	525	1,180	590	590	9,295	4,635	4,660
English	530	255	275	550	325	220	1,715	855	865
French	0	0	0	5	5	0	20	5	10
Non-official language	145	70	75	335	120	215	2,455	1,210	1,245
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	145	70	75	335	120	215	2,455	1,210	1,245
English and French	15	5	10	10	10	0	35	20	15
English and non-official language(s)	300	145	155	230	105	125	4,745	2,380	2,360
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	5	0	0	55	20	35
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	45	20	25	270	140	130
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	1,020	490	525	1,180	590	590	9,295	4,635	4,660
Single responses	930	445	485	1,145	575	570	8,055	4,015	4,035
Official languages	660	315	345	670	390	285	2,925	1,445	1,485
English	660	315	345	665	380	285	2,905	1,435	1,475
French	0	0	0	5	5	0	25	10	15
Non-official languages	265	130	140	470	185	285	5,120	2,575	2,550
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	265	130	140	470	185	285	5,120	2,575	2,550
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	15	0	10	125	60	60
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	15	5	15	105	50	50
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	5	30	10	15
Arabic	0	0	0	5	5	0	70	35	30
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	10	0	5	30	15	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	10	0	5	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	25	30	15	10	5	325	155	170
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	25	30	15	10	5	290	135	155
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	10	5	5	80	40	40
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	5	40	20	20
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0	10	5	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	100	50	50	60	30	25	4,500	2,265	2,235
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	25	0	0	0	15	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	20	25	0	0	0	15	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	25	10	15	0	0	0	10	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	10	40	15	20	4,420	2,230	2,190
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	10	25	15	15	4,255	2,155	2,100
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	40
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	95	95
Hindi	5	5	0	10	5	0	250	135	120
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	50
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	5	0	2,895	1,475	1,425
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	15	5	10	705	345	365
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	5	165	75	95
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40
Persian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	65	30	35
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	20	15	20	10	5	65	30	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	5	5	10	10	5	55	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	10	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	40	40	340	125	215	35	15	15
Chinese languages	70	35	35	340	125	215	35	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	60	30	30	80	30	50	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	10	250	90	155	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	90	50	45	35	15	25	1,245	620	625
English and French	0	0	0	5	5	0	10	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	80	40	40	35	10	25	1,195	595	600
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	5	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	1,020	490	525	1,180	590	590	9,295	4,635	4,660
None	755	360	390	920	465	450	5,185	2,570	2,615
English	100	50	55	80	35	45	1,915	975	945
French	10	5	5	5	10	0	30	15	20
Non-official language	120	60	65	140	65	80	1,435	705	730
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	110	55	55	140	65	80	1,435	705	730
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	10	10	5	500	260	245
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0	0	0	25	5	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	15	5	10	185	100	85
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	1,130	545	585	1,135	575	560	9,240	4,700	4,540
Official languages	1,110	545	570	845	460	385	8,595	4,435	4,160
English	1,110	545	570	845	460	385	8,560	4,415	4,140
French	45	15	35	30	20	10	265	150	115
Non-official languages	700	345	355	690	295	390	8,165	4,130	4,035
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	600	310	290	690	295	390	8,165	4,130	4,035
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	15	35	340	180	165
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	15	0	0	25	15	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	30	10	25	305	150	160
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	10	125	40	85
Arabic	0	0	0	15	10	10	150	90	60
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	0	15	55	30	20
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	25	15	50	15	30	125	50	75
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vietnamese	40	25	15	50	15	30	115	45	70
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	135	75	60	40	30	15	815	410	410
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	135	75	60	30	15	15	815	410	410
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0	15	15	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	115	85
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	80	60
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	225	110	115	150	75	75	6,485	3,270	3,215
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	120	55	70	0	0	0	45	20	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	120	55	70	0	0	0	45	20	20
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	80	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0	25	10	15
Bosnian	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	0	0	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	15	0	0	10	0	0
German	0	0	0	15	0	0	10	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	0	50	30	20	6,310	3,190	3,120
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	40	20	15	6,115	3,095	3,020
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	70
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	195
Hindi	0	0	0	35	15	15	1,935	975	960
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	15
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	80
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,025	2,050	1,975
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,465	720	740
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	310	160	150
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	85	75
Persian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	105	50	55
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	50
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	30	45	80	35	45	235	120	120
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	10	0	35	20	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	65	25	40	60	25	40	200	105	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	0	15	15	0	10
Korean	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	90	65
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	45	30
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	55	65	400	155	245	35	20	15
Chinese languages	120	55	65	400	155	245	30	20	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	115	55	60	155	65	95	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	285	110	180	30	20	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,130	550	585	1,130	575	555	9,235	4,700	4,535
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	25	15	10	25	10	20
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	25	15	10	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	15	0	10	10	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	15	15	0	15	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,035	515	520	1,105	555	545	9,210	4,690	4,520
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,130	550	585	1,130	575	555	9,235	4,700	4,535
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	15	0	10	10	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,035	515	520	1,120	570	545	9,225	4,690	4,535
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	350	...	...	795	...	...	2,380	...	...
Owner	280	...	...	150	...	...	2,140	...	...
Renter	75	...	...	650	...	...	235	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	350	...	...	795	...	...	2,380	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	490	...	...	365	...	...
Not condominium	350	...	...	305	...	...	2,020	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	350	...	...	795	...	...	2,380	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	80	...	...	20	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	445	...	...	85	...	...
2 bedrooms	25	...	...	245	...	...	235	...	...
3 bedrooms	175	...	...	20	...	...	1,410	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	155	...	...	0	...	...	635	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	350	...	...	795	...	...	2,380	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	65	...	...	730	...	...	875	...	...
5 rooms	50	...	...	50	...	...	690	...	...
6 rooms	100	...	...	0	...	...	485	...	...
7 rooms	55	...	...	0	...	...	145	...	...
8 or more rooms	85	...	...	0	...	...	185	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	2.8	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	350	...	...	795	...	...	2,380	...	...
One person or fewer per room	335	...	...	785	...	...	2,020	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...	10	...	...	355	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	350	...	...	795	...	...	2,380	...	...
Suitable	330	...	...	765	...	...	2,020	...	...
Not suitable	25	...	...	30	...	...	365	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	350	...	...	795	...	...	2,380	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	40	...	...	10	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...	195	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	10	...	...	170	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	290	...	...	120	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	30	...	...	80	...	...	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	145	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	40	...	...	400	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,935	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	350	...	...	795	...	...	2,380	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	315	...	...	750	...	...	2,325	...	...
Major repairs needed	40	...	...	45	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	350	...	...	795	...	...	2,380	...	...
One-maintainer household	100	...	...	605	...	...	730	...	...
Two-maintainer household	220	...	...	190	...	...	1,305	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	35	...	...	0	...	...	345	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	350	...	...	795	...	...	2,380	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	40	...	...	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	40	...	...	195	...	...	640	...	...
35 to 44 years	95	...	...	105	...	...	960	...	...
45 to 54 years	75	...	...	65	...	...	465	...	...
55 to 64 years	85	...	...	95	...	...	210	...	...
65 to 74 years	40	...	...	130	...	...	65	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	70	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	90	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	355	...	...	795	...	...	2,380	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	290	...	...	580	...	...	1,665	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	65	...	...	215	...	...	715	...	...
30% to less than 100%	55	...	...	210	...	...	685	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	350	...	...	795	...	...	2,380	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	110	...	...	260	...	...	1,050	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	55	...	...	185	...	...	640	...	...
Not suitable only	20	...	...	10	...	...	290	...	...
Major repairs needed only	30	...	...	35	...	...	50	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	20	...	...	70	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	245	...	...	535	...	...	1,325	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	345	...	...	785	...	...	2,345	...	...
In core need	0	...	...	180	...	...	140	...	...
Not in core need	340	...	...	600	...	...	2,205	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	280	...	...	145	...	...	2,145	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	75.0	...	...	48.3	...	...	95.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	16.1	...	...	37.9	...	...	29.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	28.6	...	...	5.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,880	...	...	900	...	...	2,200	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,680	...	...	1,240	...	...	2,230	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	448,000	...	...	240,000	...	...	448,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	448,000	...	...	256,000	...	...	461,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	70	...	...	645	...	...	235	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	45.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	28.6	...	...	24.8	...	...	31.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	21.9	...	...	17.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,180	...	...	750	...	...	1,760	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,000	...	...	924	...	...	1,780	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,130	545	585	1,135	580	560	9,235	4,695	4,535
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	10	10	0	45	15	25
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	10	10	0	45	15	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,035	510	520	1,110	560	550	9,195	4,680	4,510
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,135	545	585	1,135	575	560	9,235	4,700	4,535
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	945	455	485	865	445	415	6,070	3,090	2,980
Canadian citizens aged under 18	230	85	150	35	0	30	2,640	1,360	1,280
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	715	375	335	825	440	385	3,425	1,730	1,695
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	190	90	100	275	130	140	3,165	1,610	1,555
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,135	545	585	1,135	575	560	9,235	4,700	4,535
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	580	260	320	450	275	180	2,955	1,555	1,405
Immigrants⁸¹	505	260	245	580	250	330	5,900	2,930	2,970
Before 1980	0	0	0	60	25	30	60	30	35
1980 to 1990	55	30	25	105	50	60	110	65	45
1991 to 2000	105	60	45	150	60	95	575	290	285
2001 to 2010	195	100	95	105	55	50	1,670	795	865
2011 to 2021⁸²	145	70	80	160	70	90	3,490	1,755	1,740
2011 to 2015	70	45	25	80	40	40	1,760	890	870
2016 to 2021	75	25	55	80	30	50	1,730	865	865
Non-permanent residents⁸³	40	20	20	95	50	50	385	215	165
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	505	260	245	580	250	330	5,900	2,930	2,970
Under 5 years	35	20	20	0	0	0	410	220	185
5 to 14 years	75	50	25	45	30	20	735	415	325
15 to 24 years	85	40	50	90	35	50	1,195	515	675
25 to 44 years	270	140	135	215	95	115	2,845	1,465	1,380
45 years and over	35	15	15	230	90	140	720	315	400
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	505	260	245	580	250	330	5,900	2,930	2,970
Americas	15	10	0	15	0	10	170	80	95
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	10	15	10	0
Europe	125	65	65	35	30	10	60	25	35
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatia	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	35	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	10	0	30	10	15
Africa	0	0	0	45	15	30	395	210	185
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	15	0	10	55	20	35
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	75	55
Somalia	0	0	0	10	0	10	15	10	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	100	65
Asia	350	180	170	480	205	280	5,265	2,610	2,655
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	40
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	85	45	35	290	115	175	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	25	0	25	10	10	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Philippines	130	75	60	30	20	0	765	375	395
Viet Nam	25	15	10	40	0	35	60	30	35
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40
India	20	10	10	30	15	15	3,175	1,595	1,575
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	360	410
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	25
Other places of birth in Asia	35	15	20	25	15	15	220	105	110
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	80	25	50	80	25	50	1,725	860	865
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	15	10	10	0	0	0	25	10	20
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	65	60
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	35
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Asia	60	15	40	60	20	40	1,525	765	755
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	20	0	20	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	15	10	0	1,125	590	530
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	30	75
Philippines	15	10	10	0	0	0	200	90	105
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	1,130	550	585	1,135	575	555	9,240	4,700	4,540
First generation¹⁰⁰	555	285	270	685	305	380	6,320	3,165	3,150
Second generation¹⁰¹	190	105	85	150	85	65	2,685	1,415	1,270
Third generation or more¹⁰²	390	150	235	295	185	110	235	115	115
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	500	255	245	520	225	300	5,835	2,900	2,935
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	320	160	150	160	95	65	3,065	1,670	1,395
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	135	75	65	100	60	40	1,375	855	520
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	180	85	90	60	30	30	1,695	820	875
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	80	45	35	270	95	175	2,125	920	1,205
Refugees¹⁰⁸	105	55	55	75	25	50	545	270	280
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	20	15	0	95	45	50
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	500	255	245	520	225	300	5,835	2,900	2,935
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	10	15	0	0	0	255	160	95
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	45	15	30	35	15	20	605	290	320
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	10	10	0	50	35	20
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20	0	20	25	10	20	470	290	175
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	415	230	180	440	190	255	4,445	2,130	2,320
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	1,130	550	585	1,135	575	555	9,235	4,700	4,535
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	520	265	255	770	325	445	8,910	4,525	4,390
South Asian	30	25	10	35	25	10	6,570	3,335	3,230
Chinese	145	65	70	410	175	240	30	25	10
Black	25	10	10	60	30	30	680	320	355
Filipino	180	100	80	65	35	25	970	505	465
Arab	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	70	50
Latin American	40	20	25	40	10	25	125	55	70
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	50	15	30	190	80	110
West Asian	0	0	0	10	0	0	110	65	45
Korean	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	10	10	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	55	10	40	75	40	30
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	610	280	330	360	250	115	325	175	145
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	1,130	545	585	1,135	575	560	9,235	4,700	4,540
Canadian	170	65	100	40	20	25	475	230	250
English	55	30	30	75	55	20	65	45	15
Irish	70	10	60	85	55	30	70	35	35
Scottish	55	25	30	65	45	20	70	45	20
French, n.o.s.¹²²	35	15	25	35	30	0	55	30	20
German	80	40	40	90	60	30	55	35	20
Chinese	140	70	70	445	185	260	70	45	25
Italian	0	0	0	35	20	20	20	15	10
Indian (India)	0	0	0	35	10	20	2,825	1,395	1,430
Ukrainian	55	30	25	40	20	20	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	10	25	10	20	15	15	0
Polish	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	10	10	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Filipino	185	105	80	50	25	25	885	445	440
French Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	35	15	25	35	20	15
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	10	10	0	20	10	15
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	20	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian	80	35	45	10	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	0	10	30	15	15	15	10	10
Welsh	30	10	20	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	10	10	0	25	0	15
Spanish	0	0	0	15	15	0	50	15	35
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	610	610
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	105
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	465	440
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	0	10	150	60	90
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Greek	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	15	10	0	35	20	20
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	25	10	25	125	75	50
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20
Iranian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	535	505
Austrian	15	15	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	190	175
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	45	20
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	10	0	10	0	10
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	60	75
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	115	95
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	45
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	50
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	0	0	75	25	55
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	30	15
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	45	55
Eritrean	0	0	0	15	0	15	40	25	15
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	55	70
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	75	60
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	10
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	1,130	550	585	1,130	575	555	9,235	4,700	4,535
Buddhist	0	0	0	80	25	55	55	20	35
Christian	610	310	300	335	175	160	1,910	960	950
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	60	25	30	120	50	65	470	235	235
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	20	0	20	15	15	0	15	10	0
Baptist	0	0	0	30	15	15	20	10	10
Catholic	350	195	160	75	50	30	965	490	475
Christian Orthodox	70	35	40	10	0	10	80	45	40
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	15	10	10	0	0	0	105	55	50
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	60	30	35	20	0	15	155	70	85
Hindu	0	0	0	20	15	0	1,230	640	595
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	45	30	20	2,075	1,060	1,020
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,730	1,690
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	10	0	0	15	15	0	25	10	15
No religion and secular perspectives	470	215	250	630	320	310	515	285	230
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,125	545	575	1,135	575	560	9,000	4,560	4,440
Non-movers	1,060	505	550	840	410	430	7,005	3,540	3,465
Movers	70	45	25	295	165	130	2,000	1,025	975
Non-migrants	50	20	25	215	130	90	1,645	820	825
Migrants	25	20	0	85	40	45	355	205	150
Internal migrants	20	15	0	55	30	30	290	170	120
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	40	25	15	115	65	50
Interprovincial migrants	10	10	0	20	0	10	170	110	65
External migrants	0	0	0	25	15	15	70	35	30
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	1,040	515	525	1,130	575	555	8,165	4,065	4,095
Non-movers	655	330	320	420	215	210	1,550	730	815
Movers	390	185	205	705	360	345	6,615	3,335	3,280
Non-migrants	205	100	105	470	250	220	4,440	2,220	2,225
Migrants	185	90	100	240	110	130	2,175	1,120	1,055
Internal migrants	105	45	55	130	70	65	930	500	430
Intraprovincial migrants	45	20	25	70	45	30	270	145	125
Interprovincial migrants	55	25	30	65	25	40	655	355	305
External migrants	85	45	45	105	45	60	1,245	615	625
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	925	450	470	1,090	575	520	6,555	3,295	3,260
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	130	60	70	330	160	170	1,235	575	655
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	800	395	400	765	410	350	5,320	2,720	2,605
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	660	360	300	630	340	290	5,200	2,540	2,660
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	45	35	20	90	45	45	720	320	400
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	610	330	280	545	295	245	4,485	2,220	2,260
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	925	455	470	1,095	570	520	6,555	3,295	3,260
No certificate, diploma or degree	120	60	60	305	145	160	1,160	540	615
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	245	105	145	235	100	130	1,695	985	710
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	555	295	265	550	325	230	3,700	1,770	1,925
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	255	135	120	205	105	100	1,265	620	645
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	65	45	25	55	30	25	170	100	70
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	10	0	35	10	20	85	30	50
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	55	35	20	25	15	0	95	75	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	125	65	60	115	65	50	800	380	420
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	60	25	35	35	10	25	285	135	150
Bachelor's degree or higher	305	160	145	340	210	130	2,435	1,150	1,285
Bachelor's degree	245	130	115	240	145	100	1,565	760	805
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	10	0	10	10	0	125	55	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
Master's degree	35	15	25	70	50	20	680	300	380
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	25	10	15	20	10	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	660	360	300	630	340	295	5,205	2,540	2,665
No certificate, diploma or degree	45	30	10	75	35	40	660	285	370
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	135	75	65	125	60	60	1,175	670	510
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	480	255	220	430	245	190	3,370	1,585	1,785
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	210	115	90	160	75	85	1,080	525	550
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	55	40	20	40	20	20	145	80	65
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	10	0	30	10	20	70	30	45
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	40	30	15	10	10	0	70	55	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	95	55	45	75	40	35	675	320	355
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	55	25	30	35	15	25	250	125	130
Bachelor's degree or higher	270	140	130	275	170	105	2,295	1,065	1,235
Bachelor's degree	210	110	100	185	110	80	1,455	695	765
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	10	0	0	0	0	110	50	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20
Master's degree	40	15	25	65	45	20	655	280	370
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	15	10	10	20	10	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	925	455	470	1,090	570	520	6,555	3,295	3,260
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	365	160	205	540	245	290	2,855	1,525	1,330
Education	25	10	15	25	10	15	145	20	120
13. Education	25	10	15	25	10	15	145	20	120
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	0	15	15	0	10	45	25	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	15	15	0	10	30	20	15
Humanities	15	15	10	30	30	0	345	120	225
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	10	10	0	40	15	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	75	145
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	10	10	0	30	10	20
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	20	25	85	45	40	270	105	165
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	20	10	15	45	20	25
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	10	0	10	0	0	0	20	10	15
45. Social sciences	20	20	0	50	30	20	120	60	60
Business, management and public administration	95	25	70	165	70	95	895	445	450
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	90	25	65	165	70	95	865	440	425
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	20	15	20	20	0	210	95	115
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	10	10	0	75	25	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	20	0	15	15	0	45	30	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	25	0	20	15	0	340	185	155
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	25	0	20	15	0	310	175	135
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	175	130	45	115	100	20	650	530	125
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
14. Engineering	100	60	35	65	50	20	365	290	80
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	20	15	0	10	10	0	160	125	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	30	0	0	0	0	35	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	20	0	10	10	0	55	55	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	10	10	0	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	15	0	10	10	0	50	40	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	10	0	0	0	0	45	30	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	80	15	60	45	20	30	665	155	515
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	10	0	0	0	0	25	20	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	60	0	55	40	15	30	630	125	500
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	30	15	15	10	0	10	80	45	35
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	25	10	15	10	0	10	40	10	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	660	360	300	625	335	290	5,200	2,540	2,665
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	180	105	75	200	95	100	1,830	955	875
Education	15	10	10	10	0	0	130	20	110
13. Education	15	10	10	10	0	0	130	20	110
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	0	15	20	0	15	45	25	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	15	20	0	15	30	20	15
Humanities	15	10	10	10	10	0	325	115	205
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0	40	10	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	75	135
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	10	10	0	30	10	20
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	50	20	25	65	35	25	245	100	145
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	20	10	15	40	20	20
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
45. Social sciences	20	15	0	25	15	10	105	55	55
Business, management and public administration	80	15	65	130	50	85	830	410	415
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	75	15	60	130	50	85	800	400	400
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	20	10	10	10	0	165	80	90
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	25	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	25	0	20	15	0	320	175	145
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	25	0	20	15	0	300	165	125
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	160	115	40	105	90	20	575	455	115
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
14. Engineering	85	50	35	65	50	20	320	250	75
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	20	15	10	10	10	0	155	125	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	30	0	0	0	0	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	10	10	0	45	45	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	10	10	0	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	15	0	10	10	0	45	35	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	10	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	10	10	0	10	10	0
Health and related fields	55	15	40	40	15	25	635	145	490
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	10	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	45	0	40	40	15	25	595	120	480
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	10	10	15	0	15	60	35	30
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	20	10	10	15	0	15	30	10	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	660	360	300	625	335	290	5,200	2,540	2,665
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	180	105	75	200	95	100	1,830	955	875
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	475	255	220	435	240	195	3,375	1,585	1,785
Location of study inside Canada	250	150	100	320	180	140	1,075	470	605
Same as province or territory of residence	200	130	70	235	125	115	700	290	415
Different than province or territory of residence	50	25	30	90	55	25	375	185	190
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	225	105	125	115	60	55	2,300	1,110	1,185
Americas	0	0	0	25	0	20	70	40	30
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	25	0	20	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	50	20	30	25	20	0	85	55	35
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	10	10	15	10	0	45	30	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	40
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Asia	160	75	85	60	30	25	2,060	980	1,090
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	35	10	20	15	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	65	30	35	20	10	10	375	165	210
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
India	20	10	10	15	10	0	1,275	620	665
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	120	135
Other locations of study in Asia	10	10	0	0	0	0	80	50	25
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	925	455	470	1,095	570	520	6,555	3,295	3,260
In the labour force	675	360	315	580	330	250	4,840	2,620	2,215
Employed	580	310	270	495	275	220	4,370	2,415	1,945
Unemployed	95	45	50	85	55	30	475	205	270
Not in the labour force	250	100	150	505	240	270	1,715	675	1,045
Participation rate	73.0	79.1	67.0	53.0	57.9	48.1	73.8	79.5	67.9
Employment rate	62.7	68.1	57.4	45.2	48.2	42.3	66.7	73.3	59.7
Unemployment rate	14.1	12.5	15.9	14.7	16.7	12.0	9.8	7.8	12.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	925	455	470	1,090	570	520	6,555	3,295	3,260
Did not work¹⁸⁶	295	105	190	545	275	270	1,985	835	1,150
Worked	630	350	280	545	300	250	4,570	2,460	2,115
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	315	210	105	280	160	120	2,365	1,415	950
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	315	140	180	265	140	125	2,205	1,045	1,165
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.5	42.6	37.8	41.6	42.2	40.6	40.4	42.4	38.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	675	355	315	585	335	250	4,840	2,625	2,220
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	10	30	30	10	15	95	40	55
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	640	350	290	555	320	235	4,740	2,585	2,165
Employee	540	290	255	490	280	205	4,070	2,040	2,025
Permanent position	440	255	185	405	240	170	3,505	1,805	1,700
Temporary position	100	35	65	80	45	35	560	240	325
Fixed term (1 year or more)	45	25	25	40	20	20	180	80	105
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	55	0	40	40	25	20	380	160	225
Self-employed¹⁹²	95	60	35	70	35	30	670	540	135
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	675	355	315	585	335	250	4,840	2,625	2,220
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	10	30	30	10	15	95	40	55
All occupations¹⁹¹	640	350	290	555	320	235	4,740	2,585	2,165
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	10	10	0	15	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	85	30	55	135	55	75	690	280	415
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	95	75	20	90	70	20	345	265	80
3 Health occupations	50	0	45	40	15	25	450	70	375
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	50	25	25	50	35	10	300	55	250
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	10	0	45	25	15	40	20	20
6 Sales and service occupations	205	85	115	115	50	65	1,340	590	750
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	125	105	15	40	40	0	1,360	1,180	185
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	10	0	0	20	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	20	10	10	20	20	0	185	100	85
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	675	355	315	585	335	250	4,840	2,625	2,220
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	10	30	30	10	15	95	40	55
All industries¹⁹¹	640	350	290	555	320	235	4,740	2,585	2,165
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	20	0	50	20	30	40	40	0
22 Utilities	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	35	35	0	20	20	0	265	245	20
31-33 Manufacturing	25	20	0	20	10	0	170	105	60
41 Wholesale trade	20	15	0	10	10	0	110	70	40
44-45 Retail trade	90	30	60	60	25	35	710	370	335
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	55	45	10	20	10	10	945	745	200
51 Information and cultural industries	20	20	0	15	0	15	70	45	30
52 Finance and insurance	20	15	0	15	15	0	185	75	105
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	10	0	20	10	15	70	50	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	50	30	20	90	70	20	320	195	125
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	25	15	10	30	20	10	275	150	125
61 Educational services	30	15	15	30	15	10	200	50	150
62 Health care and social assistance	65	10	55	55	25	35	630	100	530
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	15	10	10	20	15	10	25	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	45	15	30	45	30	15	425	180	250
81 Other services (except public administration)	75	30	40	15	0	10	160	80	80
91 Public administration	30	10	15	25	15	15	130	60	65
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	680	365	315	620	350	270	5,175	2,790	2,390
English	615	335	285	575	320	250	4,365	2,340	2,020
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	20	125	65	65
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	30	15	20	125	65	65
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	60	30	30	10	10	0	665	370	290
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	680	365	315	620	350	270	5,175	2,790	2,390
Single responses	680	365	315	610	345	265	5,030	2,695	2,340
Official languages	680	365	315	580	325	250	4,805	2,550	2,255
English	680	365	315	580	325	250	4,805	2,550	2,255
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	35	15	20	225	140	85
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	35	15	20	225	140	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	135	75
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	125	75
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	125	70
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	120	65
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	10	0	0	150	95	50
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	95	40
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	680	365	315	620	350	270	5,175	2,790	2,390
None	625	335	285	615	340	270	4,625	2,495	2,125
English	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	70	25
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Non-official language	55	30	25	0	0	0	345	185	165
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	55	30	25	0	0	0	345	185	165
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	30	70
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	580	310	270	495	275	220	4,365	2,415	1,945
Worked at home	100	45	50	215	115	100	650	365	285
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	105	70	35	55	40	15	910	680	240
Usual place of work	375	190	185	225	120	105	2,795	1,375	1,420
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	375	190	185	225	120	105	2,795	1,375	1,420
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	325	155	170	205	110	95	2,290	1,080	1,210
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	40	20	15	0	0	0	460	250	210
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10	10	0	15	10	0	35	25	10
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	475	260	215	285	160	120	3,710	2,050	1,655
Car, truck or van	420	235	185	105	65	50	3,275	1,890	1,380
Car, truck or van - as a driver	390	225	165	105	65	50	3,020	1,805	1,215
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	30	0	20	0	0	0	250	85	165
Public transit	45	20	25	90	50	40	345	125	225
Walked	0	0	0	80	45	35	20	0	10
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	10	0	10	10	10	0	75	35	45
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	475	260	215	285	160	120	3,710	2,050	1,655
Less than 15 minutes	65	15	50	65	45	20	720	390	335
15 to 29 minutes	175	90	80	95	45	50	1,690	950	745
30 to 44 minutes	175	120	55	70	30	40	970	550	420
45 to 59 minutes	50	20	30	30	15	15	155	65	90
60 minutes and over	15	15	0	15	15	0	170	95	70
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	475	260	215	285	160	120	3,710	2,050	1,655
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	45	35	10	20	15	0	270	165	105
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	60	30	35	30	20	10	555	255	300
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	95	55	35	60	45	20	680	345	335
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	110	70	45	50	40	15	620	370	255
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	65	30	30	80	20	55	565	315	250
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	95	35	60	45	25	15	1,010	600	410
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	210	100	110	65	25	40	3,010	1,535	1,475
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	5	10	0	0	0	90	40	50
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	195	95	100	60	20	40	2,925	1,505	1,425
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	150	75	80	40	20	20	1,910	945	960
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	5	5	0	0	0	60	25	35
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	5	0	0	0	35	15	20
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	145	70	70	35	15	20	1,850	920	925

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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