Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062145More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062519More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48060758More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	821	...	...	13,230	...	...	693	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	253	...	...	3,757	...	...	304	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	252	...	...	3,573	...	...	293	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5,627.1	...	...	1,247.7	...	...	2,118.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.15	...	...	10.60	...	...	0.33	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	820	410	415	13,230	6,475	6,755	695	355	340
0 to 14 years	155	80	75	3,330	1,680	1,650	115	70	50
0 to 4 years	40	20	20	1,450	730	720	30	15	15
5 to 9 years	55	25	25	1,065	550	510	45	25	20
10 to 14 years	65	35	30	815	395	415	40	25	15
15 to 64 years	590	285	300	8,920	4,405	4,515	470	230	240
15 to 19 years	65	35	35	660	320	340	25	15	15
20 to 24 years	55	30	30	755	380	375	45	20	20
25 to 29 years	30	15	15	1,155	510	640	35	15	20
30 to 34 years	40	15	20	1,800	885	910	60	35	30
35 to 39 years	40	20	25	1,480	740	740	45	20	25
40 to 44 years	55	30	30	1,105	555	550	60	35	30
45 to 49 years	75	35	40	725	390	335	60	25	30
50 to 54 years	100	50	50	475	250	225	40	15	25
55 to 59 years	70	35	35	380	195	190	50	25	30
60 to 64 years	50	20	30	390	185	205	50	25	25
65 years and over	80	40	35	975	385	595	110	55	55
65 to 69 years	35	25	15	340	160	180	35	15	20
70 to 74 years	20	10	10	170	80	95	25	15	10
75 to 79 years	10	5	5	155	75	85	15	0	10
80 to 84 years	5	5	5	90	35	50	15	5	5
85 years and over	5	0	5	220	35	190	20	10	10
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	115	20	95	15	5	5
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	90	10	80	5	5	5
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.9	19.5	18.1	25.2	25.9	24.4	16.5	19.7	14.7
15 to 64 years	72.0	69.5	72.3	67.4	68.0	66.8	67.6	64.8	70.6
65 years and over	9.8	9.8	8.4	7.4	5.9	8.8	15.8	15.5	16.2
85 years and over	0.6	0.0	1.2	1.7	0.5	2.8	2.9	2.8	2.9
Average age of the population	38.0	37.8	38.3	31.9	31.1	32.7	41.2	40.0	42.5
Median age of the population	41.2	41.2	40.8	32.0	32.0	32.0	41.6	40.4	42.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	255	...	...	3,575	...	...	290	...	...
Single-detached house	255	...	...	1,950	...	...	225	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	545	...	...	20	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	590	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	195	...	...	30	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	290	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	255	...	...	3,570	...	...	295	...	...
1 person	20	...	...	350	...	...	75	...	...
2 persons	65	...	...	645	...	...	110	...	...
3 persons	70	...	...	775	...	...	50	...	...
4 persons	55	...	...	925	...	...	45	...	...
5 or more persons	45	...	...	880	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	820	405	415	12,770	6,315	6,455	690	355	340
Average household size	3.3	...	...	3.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	660	325	340	9,900	4,795	5,105	580	285	290
Married or living common-law	440	220	220	6,590	3,285	3,300	350	175	175
Married	410	205	210	6,205	3,095	3,105	285	140	140
Living common-law	30	15	15	385	190	200	65	30	35
Living common law - Never married	25	15	15	310	145	160	55	30	30
Living common law - Separated	5	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	0	0	0	45	25	25	15	5	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	225	110	115	3,310	1,505	1,800	225	110	115
Not married and not living common law - Never married	175	95	85	2,365	1,270	1,095	140	75	70
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	5	10	160	50	115	15	5	10
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	20	5	10	320	125	195	45	25	25
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	20	0	15	470	70	400	20	5	20
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	240	...	...	3,495	...	...	210	...	...
2 persons	80	...	...	1,040	...	...	115	...	...
3 persons	75	...	...	1,005	...	...	35	...	...
4 persons	60	...	...	1,030	...	...	45	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	420	...	...	10	...	...
Average size of census families	3.2	...	...	3.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	240	...	...	3,495	...	...	210	...	...
Total couple families	215	...	...	3,135	...	...	175	...	...
Married couples	200	...	...	2,940	...	...	140	...	...
With children⁶	135	...	...	2,215	...	...	80	...	...
Without children	60	...	...	730	...	...	65	...	...
Common-law couples	15	...	...	195	...	...	35	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	95	...	...	5	...	...
Without children	5	...	...	95	...	...	30	...	...
Total one-parent families	25	...	...	360	...	...	35	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	20	...	...	305	...	...	25	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	55	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	825	405	415	12,765	6,315	6,455	690	355	340
Total - Persons in census families	760	385	380	11,460	5,640	5,815	575	300	280
Married spouses or common-law partners	435	220	220	6,270	3,125	3,150	345	175	170
Parents in one-parent families	25	5	15	360	50	305	35	10	25
Children⁶	305	160	150	4,825	2,470	2,355	200	110	85
In a two-parent family	265	140	125	4,250	2,170	2,075	150	90	60
In a one-parent family	40	20	20	580	300	280	45	25	25
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	60	25	35	1,310	670	635	110	55	55
Living alone	20	15	10	355	180	175	80	40	35
Living with other relatives⁷	25	5	20	585	280	300	0	0	0
Living with non-relatives only	10	10	5	375	210	165	35	20	15
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	250	...	...	3,570	...	...	295	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	190	...	...	2,275	...	...	195	...	...
Couple-family households	170	...	...	2,075	...	...	165	...	...
With children⁶	125	...	...	1,640	...	...	85	...	...
Without children	45	...	...	435	...	...	80	...	...
One-parent-family households	20	...	...	200	...	...	30	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	25	...	...	435	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	95	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...	280	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	5	...	...	135	...	...	10	...	...
One-person households	20	...	...	350	...	...	75	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	665	330	335	9,440	4,630	4,805	575	285	290
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	620	310	305	8,870	4,380	4,490	555	275	280
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,000	53,600	37,600	41,600	47,600	36,800	52,400	56,000	48,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	620	310	305	8,870	4,380	4,490	555	275	280
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	48,000	34,800	37,600	42,000	34,000	46,400	48,800	43,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	570	290	275	7,940	4,110	3,830	515	255	260
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	55,200	31,600	37,600	45,200	30,000	48,800	51,200	47,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	485	260	230	7,395	3,785	3,610	425	210	215
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	54,800	42,400	36,400	44,000	30,800	51,200	54,000	50,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	535	260	275	8,095	3,910	4,185	485	245	240
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	4,840	6,700	6,200	2,980	9,100	6,000	4,520	6,750
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	65	30	35	1,360	520	845	55	25	25
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,720	5,160	6,500	6,000	5,480	6,280	5,880	5,000	5,920
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	225	110	115	3,765	1,770	1,995	140	75	65
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,600	9,500	10,000	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	705	370	340	9,475	4,630	4,850	520	265	250
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	670	355	320	8,900	4,365	4,535	500	250	250
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,200	62,800	51,000	46,240	52,800	39,920	89,200	110,000	68,500
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	670	355	320	8,905	4,365	4,540	500	250	250
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,000	53,000	44,600	40,240	45,120	35,560	68,400	79,500	57,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	615	320	295	8,005	4,105	3,905	495	250	240
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,600	60,400	46,000	41,680	49,440	33,560	84,400	105,000	63,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	500	280	220	7,475	3,790	3,680	400	205	195
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,600	60,000	52,400	41,280	48,440	33,960	80,800	101,000	60,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	595	310	285	8,150	3,925	4,230	425	215	210
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,240	8,800	9,700	9,570	7,120	11,840	8,240	7,400	9,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	85	35	50	1,500	545	960	30	0	20
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,300	7,200	3,900	8,000	6,640	8,760	4,800	...	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	255	135	120	3,850	1,730	2,120	100	50	50
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	9,400	8,600	9,220	8,910	9,470	8,400	10,000	7,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	710	370	340	9,480	4,630	4,850	520	265	255
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	275	160	115	3,190	1,900	1,290	195	120	75
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	69,000	73,000	63,600	56,400	61,600	48,800	91,000	105,000	88,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	78,500	79,500	77,000	60,450	65,200	53,350	106,000	118,000	88,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	175	100	75	3,285	1,430	1,855	165	65	95
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,800	17,800	14,600	21,000	24,800	17,600	40,800	30,200	41,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,400	38,500	29,000	28,040	31,600	25,260	69,000	96,000	51,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	86.0	88.0	82.0	81.0	87.8	72.4	92.0	94.0	88.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	74.0	76.0	71.0	75.0	79.6	69.0	72.0	74.0	68.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	14.3	12.2	17.2	18.9	12.1	27.7	7.8	5.8	11.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	1.2	1.2	2.9	1.6	4.6	0.4	x	0.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.6	6.1	7.2	9.4	7.2	12.3	2.2	2.0	2.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.0	5.6	6.4	8.6	6.7	11.1	1.9	1.8	2.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	660	325	340	9,435	4,630	4,805	575	285	290
Without total income	50	20	30	570	255	315	20	10	10
With total income	615	310	310	8,865	4,375	4,490	555	270	280
Under $10,000 (including loss)	55	20	35	825	310	515	40	20	25
$10,000 to $19,999	70	35	40	840	355	480	45	15	25
$20,000 to $29,999	75	35	40	1,260	570	695	70	35	30
$30,000 to $39,999	80	35	45	1,305	510	800	55	25	35
$40,000 to $49,999	45	15	25	1,215	610	605	50	20	25
$50,000 to $59,999	45	15	30	980	505	475	45	25	25
$60,000 to $69,999	45	25	20	780	430	350	35	20	15
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	15	560	340	220	30	10	15
$80,000 to $89,999	30	20	15	370	240	125	20	10	10
$90,000 to $99,999	30	15	10	255	165	90	25	10	10
$100,000 and over	115	80	35	480	345	135	135	75	60
$100,000 to $149,999	60	35	20	380	265	120	80	40	35
$150,000 and over	55	40	10	95	80	10	55	35	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	660	325	340	9,435	4,630	4,805	575	285	290
Without after-tax income	50	20	30	565	255	315	20	10	10
With after-tax income	615	310	310	8,865	4,375	4,495	555	270	280
Under $10,000 (including loss)	60	20	40	830	315	520	45	20	25
$10,000 to $19,999	75	30	40	870	370	500	45	15	25
$20,000 to $29,999	90	40	50	1,475	650	820	75	40	35
$30,000 to $39,999	80	40	45	1,585	690	900	70	30	35
$40,000 to $49,999	55	20	35	1,420	725	695	65	35	35
$50,000 to $59,999	55	30	20	1,065	590	480	45	20	20
$60,000 to $69,999	40	15	25	700	425	275	35	15	15
$70,000 to $79,999	35	20	20	395	245	150	35	20	15
$80,000 to $89,999	35	15	20	225	155	70	40	15	20
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	105	65	40	20	10	15
$100,000 and over	80	60	15	200	155	45	85	50	30
$100,000 to $124,999	30	25	10	130	90	35	30	15	10
$125,000 and over	45	35	5	70	60	10	50	35	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	660	325	340	9,435	4,630	4,805	575	285	290
Without employment income	180	70	110	2,040	845	1,200	150	70	80
With employment income	485	255	225	7,400	3,790	3,610	425	215	210
Under $5,000 (including loss)	55	30	20	705	295	410	50	20	30
$5,000 to $9,999	45	20	25	675	275	405	35	15	20
$10,000 to $19,999	50	20	25	910	395	510	40	20	15
$20,000 to $29,999	40	20	20	850	415	435	25	15	10
$30,000 to $39,999	35	25	15	825	375	450	30	10	20
$40,000 to $49,999	35	15	20	805	400	405	30	20	10
$50,000 to $59,999	30	15	10	715	380	330	30	10	15
$60,000 to $69,999	35	10	20	585	335	250	15	5	10
$70,000 to $79,999	20	15	10	425	285	145	20	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	25	15	10	295	195	100	15	5	10
$90,000 to $99,999	25	10	15	195	135	60	25	10	15
$100,000 and over	100	65	30	405	300	105	115	65	50
$100,000 to $124,999	35	20	15	240	165	80	40	20	25
$125,000 and over	65	50	15	160	130	25	75	50	25
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	665	330	335	9,440	4,630	4,805	575	285	290
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	600	300	295	8,655	4,285	4,370	555	275	280
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,600	62,400	38,400	39,200	46,400	33,600	54,000	57,200	49,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	605	300	295	8,660	4,285	4,375	555	275	280
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,800	52,800	34,800	36,000	41,200	31,400	46,800	48,800	42,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	560	290	275	7,795	4,025	3,770	525	255	265
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,600	62,800	34,800	39,600	47,200	32,400	51,200	58,800	44,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	495	250	240	7,370	3,775	3,595	440	220	215
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,400	65,000	40,000	38,000	44,800	32,400	55,600	58,400	50,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	480	240	245	7,755	3,775	3,980	460	225	235
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	970	890	1,740	1,050	900	3,520	1,010	890	1,640
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	40	15	25	885	295	595	30	20	10
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,500	x	9,000	6,800	4,760	8,000	5,200	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	705	370	340	9,475	4,630	4,850	520	265	250
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	675	355	325	8,665	4,285	4,380	505	260	245
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,900	62,600	48,600	43,440	50,400	36,640	94,800	101,000	88,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	675	355	325	8,665	4,285	4,380	505	260	245
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,900	52,000	41,600	37,840	43,000	32,760	72,400	77,500	67,500
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	630	335	295	7,870	4,040	3,825	495	250	245
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,200	62,200	47,200	43,360	51,250	35,040	92,000	100,000	84,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	545	290	250	7,450	3,820	3,635	405	210	195
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,000	62,000	48,800	42,680	49,600	35,400	92,800	96,000	90,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	570	290	285	7,775	3,785	3,995	415	200	210
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,960	3,880	6,040	4,520	2,324	6,600	5,560	5,040	6,080
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	45	20	25	1,000	305	695	0	0	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,800	12,000	11,000	8,800	6,080	10,020	...	...	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	710	370	340	9,480	4,630	4,850	520	265	255
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	275	160	115	3,155	1,880	1,275	200	120	75
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	70,500	73,000	58,000	50,400	55,200	42,800	94,000	100,000	90,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	78,000	82,000	72,000	56,200	61,750	48,000	100,000	106,000	92,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	170	90	75	3,035	1,330	1,700	160	65	90
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,200	29,400	30,400	30,200	34,400	26,800	48,800	48,800	50,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	39,200	43,000	35,000	35,240	40,960	30,760	108,000	104,000	110,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	92.0	95.0	90.0	90.6	96.0	83.6	95.0	96.0	94.0
Employment income (%)	80.0	82.0	78.0	84.6	87.8	80.2	79.0	77.0	82.0
Government transfers (%)	7.5	5.1	10.8	9.3	4.1	16.4	4.8	3.9	5.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.0	1.8	2.3	0.9	4.3	x	...	x
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	255	...	...	3,570	...	...	295	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...	107,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	20	...	...	350	...	...	75	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	53,600	...	...	53,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	46,400	...	...	46,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	230	...	...	3,220	...	...	220	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	151,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	132,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	255	...	...	3,585	...	...	275	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	149,000	...	...	114,900	...	...	162,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	125,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	350	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,000	...	...	65,600	...	...	46,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	54,600	...	...	40,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	235	...	...	3,230	...	...	200	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	159,000	...	...	120,300	...	...	208,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	158,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	255	...	...	3,570	...	...	295	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	20	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	25	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	25	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	50	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...	60	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	60	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	0	...	...	80	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	145	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	220	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5	...	...	250	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5	...	...	315	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	315	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	180	...	...	1,985	...	...	155	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	40	...	...	700	...	...	35	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	515	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	55	...	...	515	...	...	40	...	...
$200,000 and over	70	...	...	265	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	255	...	...	3,570	...	...	295	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	20	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	25	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	35	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	65	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	65	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	85	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	0	...	...	90	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	200	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	290	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	355	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	400	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	350	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	150	...	...	1,580	...	...	130	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	700	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	35	...	...	420	...	...	25	...	...
$150,000 and over	85	...	...	460	...	...	75	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	225	...	...	3,155	...	...	205	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	150,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	135,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	96,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.4	...	...	3.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	470	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	101,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	87,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	150	...	...	2,270	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	164,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	186,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	141,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	156,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.3	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	25	...	...	275	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...	77,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	70,500	...	...	81,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	35	20	15	725	385	335	105	55	55
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	66,500	x	x	46,400	46,400	46,800	41,200	41,200	41,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	57,200	x	x	41,200	41,200	41,600	36,400	36,400	38,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	235	...	...	3,135	...	...	180	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	158,000	...	...	117,900	...	...	206,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...	103,000	...	...	159,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...	385	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	103,200	...	...	152,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	88,400	...	...	128,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	150	...	...	2,395	...	...	85	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	180,000	...	...	123,600	...	...	276,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	156,000	...	...	108,100	...	...	204,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	260	...	...	20	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	75,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	30	0	0	770	355	415	125	70	55
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,000	x	x	55,100	55,800	54,400	66,000	74,000	56,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,000	x	x	46,300	46,600	46,000	50,000	52,000	48,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	820	410	415	12,770	6,310	6,455	690	355	335
0 to 17 years	205	100	100	3,725	1,870	1,850	135	80	60
0 to 5 years	45	25	20	1,690	860	830	35	20	20
18 to 64 years	545	265	280	8,435	4,150	4,285	445	225	225
65 years and over	75	40	35	610	295	315	105	55	55
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	55	25	30	675	320	350	45	25	15
0 to 17 years	25	10	15	270	135	135	10	5	5
0 to 5 years	5	0	0	130	75	60	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	35	15	20	375	175	200	25	20	10
65 years and over	0	0	0	20	10	10	5	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.6	6.0	7.2	5.3	5.1	5.4	6.2	7.2	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	11.0	10.0	10.0	7.4	7.2	7.5	6.0	8.0	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	7.9	8.8	7.2	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	6.0	5.0	7.0	4.5	4.2	4.7	6.0	8.0	4.5
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	3.8	4.5	3.2	6.0	x	8.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	825	405	415	12,765	6,315	6,455	690	355	340
0 to 17 years	205	100	100	3,725	1,875	1,855	135	75	55
0 to 5 years	40	20	20	1,690	860	830	40	20	15
18 to 64 years	540	265	275	8,430	4,145	4,290	450	220	225
65 years and over	75	45	35	610	295	315	105	55	55
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	35	15	15	375	185	190	25	15	10
0 to 17 years	15	5	10	130	65	60	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	60	30	25	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	15	10	10	240	115	125	20	10	10
65 years and over	0	0	0	10	0	5	5	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.8	2.8	4.5	3.0	2.9	2.9	3.4	4.0	2.8
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	5.0	8.0	3.4	3.5	3.3	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	3.4	4.0	2.8	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	3.2	2.5	4.0	2.9	2.8	2.9	4.0	5.0	3.0
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	1.2	x	1.6	5.0	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	820	410	415	12,770	6,310	6,455	690	355	335
In bottom half of the distribution	220	100	115	6,730	3,280	3,450	235	115	120
In bottom decile	50	25	25	610	295	315	35	15	20
In second decile	25	5	15	1,035	505	535	45	25	20
In third decile	50	25	20	1,395	675	725	40	15	25
In fourth decile	40	15	25	1,685	835	850	30	15	15
In fifth decile	55	30	25	2,005	975	1,030	85	45	40
In top half of the distribution	605	305	300	6,040	3,035	3,005	455	235	220
In sixth decile	90	50	45	1,615	795	815	35	20	20
In seventh decile	70	35	40	1,625	820	805	70	35	35
In eighth decile	115	55	60	1,445	715	730	70	35	35
In ninth decile	190	100	95	945	490	460	85	50	40
In top decile	130	65	65	410	220	195	185	95	90
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	825	...	...	12,765	...	...	690	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.278	...	...	0.230	...	...	0.415	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.344	...	...	0.321	...	...	0.489	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.246	...	...	0.208	...	...	0.356	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	2.6	...	...	4.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	825	405	415	12,965	6,375	6,590	690	350	340
English only	755	375	375	11,615	5,820	5,800	610	310	300
French only	0	0	0	15	5	10	5	5	0
English and French	40	20	15	435	190	240	75	40	35
Neither English nor French	30	5	25	900	355	540	0	0	0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	825	405	415	12,965	6,375	6,590	690	350	340
English	780	390	385	11,870	5,915	5,955	670	340	335
French	10	5	0	120	55	65	15	10	5
English and French	10	5	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	30	5	25	875	350	530	0	0	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	825	405	415	12,965	6,375	6,590	690	350	340
Single responses	775	390	385	11,530	5,660	5,870	665	335	325
Official languages	430	220	205	3,625	1,795	1,825	600	305	295
English	420	215	205	3,510	1,745	1,765	590	295	295
French	5	5	0	110	50	65	10	10	5
Non-official languages	350	165	180	7,905	3,865	4,045	60	30	25
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	350	165	180	7,905	3,865	4,040	60	35	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	10	210	95	110	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	35	15	25	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	10	165	80	90	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	10	95	45	55	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	80	35	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	75	35	45	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	25	35	970	435	535	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	65	35	35	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	25	25	825	365	455	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	240	120	115	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	135	70	70	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	50	30	25	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	155	80	75	6,085	3,025	3,055	45	25	20
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	15	20	5	10	20	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	15	15	20	5	10	15	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	15	10	10	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	10	5	5	10	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	10	5	5
German	0	0	0	5	0	5	10	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	70	35	35	5,780	2,870	2,910	0	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	55	30	25	5,425	2,690	2,740	0	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	5	10	350	170	180	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	340	170	170	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	3,920	1,940	1,980	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	10	585	295	290	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	355	180	170	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Persian languages	15	10	5	215	115	100	0	0	0
Dari	5	5	0	150	75	75	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	10	10	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	30	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	25	20	270	135	135	0	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	5	0
Portuguese	5	5	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	5	10	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	35	20	15	250	130	125	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	5	5	0	5	5	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	40	45	135	60	75	0	0	0
Chinese languages	85	40	45	130	55	75	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	70	35	40	25	10	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	95	45	50	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	45	20	25	1,430	715	720	25	15	15
English and French	0	0	0	30	15	15	5	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	1,255	615	640	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	5	5	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	120	65	60	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	825	405	415	12,965	6,375	6,590	690	350	340
English	430	225	205	3,435	1,700	1,730	615	310	305
French	0	0	0	35	15	25	10	5	0
Non-official language	125	55	70	3,140	1,515	1,630	10	5	5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	125	55	70	3,140	1,515	1,625	10	5	5
English and French	10	0	5	80	35	40	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	250	120	130	5,860	2,900	2,955	40	25	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	85	50	40	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	320	150	170	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	825	405	415	12,965	6,375	6,590	690	350	340
Single responses	760	380	380	11,355	5,585	5,765	690	350	335
Official languages	525	270	255	5,050	2,480	2,570	670	340	325
English	525	270	250	4,990	2,455	2,535	655	335	325
French	0	0	0	55	25	35	10	5	0
Non-official languages	235	110	125	6,305	3,110	3,200	25	15	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	235	110	125	6,305	3,110	3,195	25	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	110	55	55	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	90	45	45	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	45	20	20	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	35	15	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	15	20	690	320	370	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	15	20	645	295	350	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	215	100	115	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	140	65	75	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	40	15	20	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	50	40	5,080	2,535	2,545	15	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	5	10	5	5	5	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	5	10	5	5	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	20	25	4,885	2,430	2,450	0	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	35	15	20	4,650	2,315	2,340	0	0	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	60	35	25	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	5	275	130	145	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	280	145	135	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	70	30	40	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	3,455	1,710	1,745	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	10	5	465	240	220	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	235	120	115	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	5	140	75	65	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	85	45	40	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	20	15	190	95	90	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	30	20	10	175	90	85	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	5	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	25	35	85	40	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages	65	25	35	80	35	45	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	60	25	35	20	5	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	60	30	30	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	60	30	35	1,610	785	820	0	0	0
English and French	5	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	55	25	30	1,530	745	785	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	820	405	415	12,965	6,375	6,585	690	355	340
None	610	305	305	7,835	3,825	4,005	635	320	310
English	100	45	50	2,310	1,170	1,140	10	5	10
French	0	0	0	60	30	30	10	5	5
Non-official language	90	45	50	1,890	910	980	25	15	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	90	45	50	1,890	910	980	25	15	15
English and French	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	570	290	280	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	255	130	130	5	5	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	880	470	415	12,830	6,310	6,520	650	350	305
Official languages	845	460	385	11,950	5,935	6,015	650	345	305
English	845	460	385	11,940	5,930	6,010	640	335	305
French	30	10	20	360	180	180	85	50	45
Non-official languages	510	250	260	10,225	5,065	5,160	100	55	50
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	510	250	260	10,225	5,065	5,160	100	55	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	25	35	345	175	165	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	25	35	275	135	140	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	60	25	35	200	110	95	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	150	70	80	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	15	150	70	80	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	155	85	70	1,335	615	720	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	105	40	60	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	90	60	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	155	85	70	1,295	600	700	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	30	25	335	175	155	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	185	100	90	0	0	0
Tamil	45	25	20	120	75	50	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	145	70	75	7,540	3,815	3,725	80	40	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	30	35	75	30	45	30	10	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	65	30	35	75	30	45	30	10	20
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Russian	40	20	25	60	25	40	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	10	10	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	0	10	10	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	50	30	25	7,160	3,640	3,525	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	35	15	15	6,820	3,460	3,360	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	190	105	85	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	520	280	240	0	0	0
Hindi	20	10	10	2,440	1,250	1,195	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	85	45	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	4,945	2,480	2,475	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	1,100	565	535	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	440	235	210	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	175	85	90	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	105	55	50	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	170	100	65	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	150	95	55	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	25	25	395	190	205	25	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	50	30	15	20	15	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Spanish	35	15	15	300	140	165	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	410	205	210	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	170	85	85	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	35	50	210	95	125	10	10	0
Chinese languages	85	35	50	210	95	125	10	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	70	30	40	65	25	40	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	10	155	65	85	10	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	880	470	410	12,830	6,310	6,520	650	350	305
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	65	30	35	10	0	10
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	65	25	35	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	875	465	410	12,760	6,280	6,480	645	350	300
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	880	470	410	12,830	6,310	6,520	650	350	305
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	880	470	410	12,790	6,300	6,495	650	350	305
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	255	...	...	3,585	...	...	275	...	...
Owner	240	...	...	3,125	...	...	200	...	...
Renter	10	...	...	455	...	...	75	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	255	...	...	3,585	...	...	275	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	920	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	250	...	...	2,665	...	...	275	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	255	...	...	3,585	...	...	275	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	35	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	235	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	20	...	...	505	...	...	40	...	...
3 bedrooms	140	...	...	1,585	...	...	105	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	100	...	...	1,230	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	255	...	...	3,585	...	...	275	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	50	...	...	1,350	...	...	20	...	...
5 rooms	35	...	...	875	...	...	30	...	...
6 rooms	50	...	...	555	...	...	50	...	...
7 rooms	45	...	...	365	...	...	40	...	...
8 or more rooms	75	...	...	445	...	...	130	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	5.3	...	...	7.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	255	...	...	3,585	...	...	275	...	...
One person or fewer per room	250	...	...	3,205	...	...	275	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	380	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	255	...	...	3,585	...	...	275	...	...
Suitable	250	...	...	3,140	...	...	275	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	445	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	255	...	...	3,585	...	...	275	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	15	...	...	180	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...	20	...	...	70	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	165	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	75	...	...	45	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	720	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	2,750	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	255	...	...	3,585	...	...	275	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	250	...	...	3,505	...	...	260	...	...
Major repairs needed	0	...	...	75	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	255	...	...	3,585	...	...	275	...	...
One-maintainer household	60	...	...	1,180	...	...	125	...	...
Two-maintainer household	160	...	...	1,910	...	...	140	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	35	...	...	495	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	255	...	...	3,585	...	...	275	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	60	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	10	...	...	1,125	...	...	35	...	...
35 to 44 years	40	...	...	1,325	...	...	65	...	...
45 to 54 years	65	...	...	670	...	...	55	...	...
55 to 64 years	85	...	...	285	...	...	55	...	...
65 to 74 years	40	...	...	95	...	...	25	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	15	...	...	35	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	10	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	260	...	...	3,575	...	...	270	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	220	...	...	2,445	...	...	245	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	35	...	...	1,130	...	...	25	...	...
30% to less than 100%	30	...	...	1,105	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	255	...	...	3,585	...	...	275	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	50	...	...	1,525	...	...	45	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	40	...	...	1,010	...	...	25	...	...
Not suitable only	10	...	...	345	...	...	0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...	45	...	...	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	90	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	205	...	...	2,055	...	...	235	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	250	...	...	3,550	...	...	265	...	...
In core need	20	...	...	230	...	...	0	...	...
Not in core need	225	...	...	3,320	...	...	255	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	245	...	...	3,130	...	...	200	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	71.4	...	...	96.0	...	...	65.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.3	...	...	31.6	...	...	7.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	8.5	...	...	5.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,100	...	...	2,200	...	...	1,680	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,820	...	...	2,238	...	...	1,920	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	428,000	...	...	628,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	488,000	...	...	442,400	...	...	660,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	455	...	...	80	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	...	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	32.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	...	...	...	16.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	1,580	...	...	1,800	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	1,585	...	...	1,600	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	880	465	410	12,825	6,315	6,515	650	345	305
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	65	30	35	10	0	10
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	65	30	35	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	45	15	30	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	880	465	410	12,745	6,270	6,480	645	345	295
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	880	470	410	12,830	6,310	6,520	655	350	305
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	815	445	375	8,795	4,395	4,395	630	335	295
Canadian citizens aged under 18	190	120	75	3,325	1,670	1,660	135	75	55
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	625	325	300	5,470	2,725	2,740	495	255	240
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	65	25	35	4,035	1,915	2,120	20	15	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	880	470	410	12,830	6,310	6,520	655	350	305
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	380	210	165	4,375	2,180	2,195	545	280	265
Immigrants⁸¹	500	255	245	8,015	3,900	4,120	105	65	40
Before 1980	40	20	20	115	55	60	30	20	10
1980 to 1990	15	0	10	180	85	95	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	130	70	65	770	405	370	10	0	0
2001 to 2010	220	120	95	2,275	1,110	1,165	20	15	15
2011 to 2021⁸²	95	35	55	4,675	2,245	2,430	35	20	15
2011 to 2015	30	20	10	2,235	1,120	1,115	15	10	10
2016 to 2021	65	15	45	2,440	1,130	1,310	20	15	0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	440	230	210	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	500	255	245	8,015	3,900	4,115	105	65	40
Under 5 years	50	25	20	555	230	320	10	10	0
5 to 14 years	85	65	20	1,020	545	470	25	15	10
15 to 24 years	35	15	20	1,635	760	870	20	20	0
25 to 44 years	275	120	155	3,910	1,920	1,990	45	25	20
45 years and over	60	25	30	910	445	470	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	500	255	245	8,015	3,900	4,115	105	65	40
Americas	35	20	15	295	150	150	15	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	20	0	15	80	50	30	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
United States of America	15	15	0	50	25	30	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Europe	70	35	35	205	85	115	60	35	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	45	35	0	10	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	10	55	15	40	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Europe	30	20	10	30	10	25	0	0	0
Africa	15	10	15	770	370	400	15	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	90	30	55	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	255	120	130	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	40	10	25	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	305	155	145	0	0	0
Asia	375	185	185	6,675	3,255	3,420	15	15	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	160	90	70	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	85	35	45	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	45	20	30	75	20	55	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	0	10	20	10	10	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	175	100	75	1,265	595	670	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	0	15	110	55	55	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	125	75	55	0	0	0
India	45	15	30	3,940	1,965	1,980	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	600	295	310	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	20	0	225	90	135	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	60	15	45	2,445	1,130	1,310	15	15	0
Americas	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	115	45	70	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	40	10	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	275	125	145	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	150	70	85	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Asia	55	15	40	1,975	915	1,060	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	20	0	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	1,325	635	695	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	420	170	245	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	880	470	415	12,830	6,310	6,520	650	350	305
First generation¹⁰⁰	505	260	250	8,525	4,180	4,350	115	70	45
Second generation¹⁰¹	190	110	85	3,475	1,725	1,745	150	85	65
Third generation or more¹⁰²	180	105	75	830	405	425	390	195	195
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	455	230	225	7,905	3,845	4,055	75	45	30
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	330	180	145	4,200	2,230	1,970	55	35	20
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	120	75	45	1,845	1,230	615	20	15	0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	210	105	105	2,355	1,000	1,355	35	25	15
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	85	30	45	2,875	1,175	1,700	15	10	10
Refugees¹⁰⁸	45	15	30	770	400	370	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	60	30	20	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	455	230	225	7,905	3,845	4,055	75	45	30
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	320	215	105	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	25	20	10	795	365	435	25	15	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	75	45	30	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	30	10	20	775	525	245	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	385	200	190	5,930	2,695	3,235	40	25	15
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	880	470	415	12,830	6,310	6,520	650	350	305
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	545	280	265	11,765	5,790	5,970	75	55	25
South Asian	85	35	40	7,195	3,635	3,560	30	25	0
Chinese	90	40	50	195	90	105	15	10	0
Black	0	0	0	1,200	570	625	0	0	0
Filipino	210	120	90	1,655	765	895	0	0	0
Arab	55	25	35	225	105	120	0	0	0
Latin American	0	0	0	240	110	130	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	30	15	20	240	105	135	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	330	205	125	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	220	90	130	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	230	95	135	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	340	195	150	1,065	515	545	580	295	285
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	880	470	410	12,830	6,310	6,520	655	350	305
Canadian	65	45	25	445	180	265	110	50	60
English	95	65	35	265	110	155	190	100	85
Irish	95	45	45	265	120	145	110	55	55
Scottish	35	20	15	235	130	105	165	85	80
French, n.o.s.¹²²	30	10	25	145	80	65	75	40	35
German	50	20	30	265	120	150	110	65	45
Chinese	95	35	60	285	110	175	15	10	0
Italian	25	10	15	70	35	35	30	20	15
Indian (India)	20	10	10	3,355	1,705	1,650	25	20	0
Ukrainian	15	10	10	120	45	75	25	15	10
Dutch	0	0	0	40	15	25	35	25	10
Polish	0	0	0	70	25	45	20	0	15
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	30	0	25	40	25	15
Filipino	215	120	95	1,585	730	860	0	0	0
French Canadian	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	65	35	30	35	25	10
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	35	20	15	75	35	35	20	10	10
Russian	35	15	15	60	15	45	20	10	10
Norwegian	15	10	0	45	15	35	20	15	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	35	15	25	25	10	20
Spanish	0	0	0	130	45	80	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	655	320	335	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	260	120	135	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	1,550	775	775	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	15	150	70	75	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	60	20	35	135	65	70	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	100	50	45	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	280	135	150	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	35	0	30	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	10	0	0	25	10	15
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	1,105	550	555	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	465	240	225	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	25	0	25	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	200	100	100	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	130	65	70	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	75	45	30	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	240	145	100	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	120	70	50	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	190	95	95	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	45	15	30	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	105	55	50	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	75	35	35	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	125	65	65	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	120	60	60	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	50	15	30	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	75	55	25	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	125	45	80	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	50	35	15	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	130	65	60	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	90	35	55	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	60	30	25	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	30	10	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	60	35	25	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	880	465	410	12,830	6,310	6,520	650	350	300
Buddhist	0	0	0	130	50	85	0	0	0
Christian	495	270	220	3,660	1,740	1,920	250	115	135
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	60	30	35	965	435	525	75	40	30
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	25	15	0	20	0	15	25	15	10
Baptist	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Catholic	350	200	150	1,940	940	995	90	40	50
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	105	60	45	20	10	15
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	165	70	90	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	210	90	120	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	10
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	135	65	70	10	0	10
Hindu	60	25	35	1,440	740	700	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	30	20	20	2,110	1,070	1,040	15	15	0
Sikh	0	0	0	4,215	2,105	2,115	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
No religion and secular perspectives	285	145	135	1,270	605	670	360	210	155
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	880	470	410	12,495	6,125	6,365	645	340	305
Non-movers	845	450	395	10,085	4,950	5,140	595	320	275
Movers	35	15	15	2,410	1,175	1,230	55	25	30
Non-migrants	0	0	0	1,795	885	905	30	15	15
Migrants	0	0	0	610	295	320	25	10	15
Internal migrants	0	0	0	420	215	205	20	0	15
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	165	75	90	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	255	145	115	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	195	80	115	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	845	445	395	11,265	5,520	5,745	625	325	295
Non-movers	650	360	290	2,500	1,290	1,215	440	225	215
Movers	195	85	100	8,765	4,235	4,530	180	100	80
Non-migrants	65	30	35	6,065	2,940	3,130	125	70	55
Migrants	125	55	70	2,700	1,295	1,400	60	30	30
Internal migrants	85	45	45	1,215	620	595	45	20	30
Intraprovincial migrants	30	10	20	440	215	225	10	10	0
Interprovincial migrants	55	30	25	770	405	365	35	10	20
External migrants	35	15	25	1,485	675	805	10	10	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	710	370	340	9,480	4,630	4,850	520	270	255
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	65	35	30	1,625	775	850	35	20	15
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	640	330	310	7,855	3,855	4,000	480	250	235
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	490	245	240	7,390	3,595	3,795	385	205	185
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	30	15	20	925	425	500	0	0	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	455	235	225	6,465	3,170	3,295	385	200	185
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	705	370	340	9,480	4,630	4,855	520	265	250
No certificate, diploma or degree	55	30	25	1,515	720	795	30	20	15
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	145	95	50	2,145	1,155	990	155	90	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	505	240	270	5,820	2,750	3,070	325	155	175
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	185	90	100	2,145	1,070	1,080	75	30	40
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	25	15	15	345	235	110	30	20	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	0	15	145	90	55	10	10	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0	195	145	55	20	15	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	125	65	65	1,280	590	695	35	10	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	10	20	520	245	270	10	0	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	320	150	170	3,670	1,680	1,990	255	125	130
Bachelor's degree	245	105	140	2,405	1,100	1,300	160	70	85
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	0	10	170	75	90	15	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	70	35	35	10	10	0
Master's degree	55	35	15	1,000	455	545	65	30	35
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	490	250	240	7,390	3,595	3,795	390	205	180
No certificate, diploma or degree	20	10	10	820	375	450	0	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	75	55	20	1,410	815	595	85	60	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	390	180	210	5,155	2,405	2,755	300	145	155
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	135	65	75	1,800	880	920	60	30	30
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	10	0	290	195	95	25	20	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	115	65	45	10	10	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0	180	135	45	15	15	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	100	50	50	1,065	475	590	30	10	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	10	20	445	205	235	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	260	120	135	3,360	1,525	1,835	240	115	125
Bachelor's degree	195	80	110	2,175	985	1,195	150	70	85
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	15	130	60	70	15	15	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	75	40	35	10	10	0
Master's degree	35	30	10	945	430	515	55	30	30
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	705	365	340	9,480	4,625	4,850	515	265	250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	200	125	75	3,660	1,875	1,785	190	115	80
Education	35	10	25	200	15	180	20	0	10
13. Education	35	10	25	200	15	180	20	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	85	25	55	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	85	25	55	10	0	10
Humanities	35	10	20	430	170	255	35	0	20
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	25	0	20	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	50	0	40	15	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	280	120	160	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	20	10	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	45	20	25	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	55	15	40	425	125	295	55	20	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	45	15	35	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	50	0	50	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	85	30	60	20	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	50	0	50	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	15	0	15	180	80	100	20	10	10
Business, management and public administration	110	40	70	1,510	670	835	85	40	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	110	40	70	1,455	655	800	85	40	45
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	10	20	290	125	165	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	90	25	60	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	0	10	85	50	35	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	20	10	540	300	240	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	20	0	445	250	195	10	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	85	40	40	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	125	100	30	1,115	955	160	70	60	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
14. Engineering	80	65	15	570	445	115	30	25	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	30	20	10	230	195	30	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	105	105	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	145	145	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	45	45	0	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	75	50	25	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	10	0	60	45	10	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Health and related fields	60	15	45	965	215	750	55	15	40
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	60	15	45	950	205	745	40	0	35
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	10	15	195	95	105	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10	140	50	90	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	485	250	240	7,395	3,595	3,795	385	205	185
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	95	65	30	2,235	1,190	1,040	85	60	25
Education	15	0	10	170	15	155	15	0	10
13. Education	15	0	10	170	15	155	15	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	80	30	50	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	80	30	50	10	0	10
Humanities	25	0	20	340	130	215	25	0	20
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	25	0	20	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	50	0	45	20	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	210	85	130	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	40	15	25	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	15	35	360	110	250	50	20	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	45	15	35	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	35	0	30	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	70	20	50	20	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	40	0	30	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	15	0	10	170	70	100	20	10	10
Business, management and public administration	75	25	50	1,325	580	745	80	45	40
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	75	25	50	1,270	560	710	80	45	40
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	10	15	250	105	140	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	85	35	55	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	0	10	75	45	30	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	20	10	500	265	235	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	15	0	415	225	190	10	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	70	35	40	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	105	80	30	1,005	860	145	60	50	10
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0
14. Engineering	65	55	15	530	415	110	30	20	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	25	15	10	200	175	25	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	90	90	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	130	130	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	35	35	0	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	75	55	25	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	60	45	10	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Health and related fields	50	15	35	885	190	700	50	10	35
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	15	10	0	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	50	15	35	870	170	695	35	0	30
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	10	170	80	95	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10	125	40	85	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	40	30	10	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	485	250	240	7,395	3,595	3,795	385	205	185
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	95	65	30	2,235	1,190	1,040	85	60	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	395	185	210	5,155	2,405	2,755	300	140	160
Location of study inside Canada	190	85	100	2,000	910	1,085	255	115	140
Same as province or territory of residence	145	70	75	1,375	550	825	170	80	90
Different than province or territory of residence	40	15	25	625	360	260	85	35	50
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	205	95	110	3,160	1,495	1,665	45	30	15
Americas	20	15	0	80	40	40	15	10	0
United States of America	10	10	0	60	25	40	15	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	45	15	25	100	45	55	15	10	0
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	10	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	15	10	10	195	95	95	15	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Asia	130	60	75	2,755	1,290	1,470	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	10	10	15	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	55	25	30	590	275	320	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	60	40	20	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	30	10	20	1,775	830	940	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	220	105	120	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	30	25	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	705	370	340	9,480	4,630	4,855	520	265	250
In the labour force	490	280	205	7,345	3,865	3,480	375	210	165
Employed	425	250	170	6,510	3,490	3,015	355	195	160
Unemployed	65	30	35	835	375	460	20	15	0
Not in the labour force	220	80	135	2,135	765	1,375	145	50	85
Participation rate	69.5	75.7	60.3	77.5	83.5	71.7	72.1	79.2	66.0
Employment rate	60.3	67.6	50.0	68.7	75.4	62.1	68.3	73.6	64.0
Unemployment rate	13.3	10.7	17.1	11.4	9.7	13.2	5.3	7.1	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	705	365	340	9,480	4,625	4,850	515	265	250
Did not work¹⁸⁶	230	85	145	2,675	1,100	1,580	135	60	80
Worked	475	280	195	6,805	3,530	3,270	380	205	175
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	295	175	120	3,300	1,970	1,330	210	135	80
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	180	110	70	3,505	1,560	1,945	165	70	95
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.1	40.0	42.6	39.6	41.6	37.3	43.1	45.2	40.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	490	285	205	7,345	3,865	3,475	380	215	165
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	10	215	105	110	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	470	275	195	7,125	3,760	3,370	380	215	165
Employee	385	220	165	6,155	3,020	3,135	280	150	135
Permanent position	300	160	140	5,235	2,630	2,605	235	130	105
Temporary position	90	60	25	925	390	530	45	15	30
Fixed term (1 year or more)	40	25	15	285	115	170	10	0	10
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	45	35	15	640	275	365	35	15	25
Self-employed¹⁹²	85	55	25	970	735	230	90	65	25
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	490	285	205	7,345	3,865	3,475	380	215	165
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	10	215	105	110	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	470	275	195	7,125	3,760	3,370	380	215	165
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	105	35	70	965	315	640	60	15	45
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	80	65	15	570	430	140	40	30	10
3 Health occupations	35	10	25	615	85	530	30	10	25
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	55	35	20	540	160	380	50	20	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	10	0	65	30	30	20	10	10
6 Sales and service occupations	110	50	55	2,140	875	1,265	75	55	25
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	50	50	0	1,840	1,590	245	65	55	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	95	85	10	20	15	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	20	10	0	295	180	120	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	490	285	205	7,345	3,865	3,475	380	215	165
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	10	215	105	110	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	470	275	195	7,125	3,760	3,370	380	215	165
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	10	15	140	115	30	10	10	0
22 Utilities	10	10	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
23 Construction	35	30	0	445	390	55	30	30	0
31-33 Manufacturing	40	20	15	400	280	115	10	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	200	140	65	10	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	65	30	30	1,170	545	625	25	15	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	10	0	1,270	985	280	20	10	10
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	135	70	65	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	15	0	15	220	105	115	15	15	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	90	55	35	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	80	50	25	395	230	165	90	45	50
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	0	0	385	225	160	20	15	10
61 Educational services	35	20	15	250	85	165	25	10	15
62 Health care and social assistance	65	35	30	985	110	870	50	10	35
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	15	10	0	45	15	35	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	15	15	0	525	200	330	10	10	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	20	10	15	210	95	115	10	0	10
91 Public administration	15	0	10	195	90	105	20	10	15
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	495	295	195	7,645	3,945	3,700	395	215	180
English	485	295	190	6,650	3,380	3,275	395	215	180
French	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	205	110	95	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	205	110	95	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	725	425	305	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	495	295	195	7,645	3,945	3,700	395	215	180
Single responses	495	295	195	7,470	3,840	3,625	395	215	180
Official languages	495	295	195	7,115	3,635	3,475	395	215	180
English	490	295	195	7,095	3,620	3,475	395	215	180
French	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	355	205	150	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	355	205	150	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	310	185	125	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	305	175	125	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	305	175	125	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	265	165	100	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	175	100	75	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	165	100	60	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	495	295	195	7,645	3,945	3,700	395	215	180
None	485	295	195	7,025	3,595	3,435	395	215	180
English	0	0	0	135	80	50	0	0	0
French	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	390	215	175	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	390	215	175	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	425	250	170	6,505	3,490	3,015	355	200	160
Worked at home	155	80	80	925	465	465	165	75	95
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	45	40	15	1,250	925	330	55	35	20
Usual place of work	220	140	85	4,310	2,090	2,220	125	80	50
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	220	140	85	4,315	2,095	2,220	125	85	50
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	210	135	80	3,420	1,630	1,795	125	75	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	790	410	380	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	60	35	25	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	270	175	95	5,565	3,015	2,545	185	120	65
Car, truck or van	240	155	85	4,945	2,795	2,145	160	105	55
Car, truck or van - as a driver	220	145	70	4,590	2,710	1,880	145	90	55
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	20	10	10	355	85	265	10	10	0
Public transit	20	10	10	455	150	305	0	0	0
Walked	10	0	0	40	15	25	20	0	10
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	125	55	65	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	270	175	95	5,565	3,015	2,545	185	120	65
Less than 15 minutes	35	20	15	830	370	455	35	20	20
15 to 29 minutes	125	85	45	2,695	1,485	1,210	105	75	35
30 to 44 minutes	85	55	25	1,455	860	595	30	15	15
45 to 59 minutes	10	0	0	260	160	100	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	15	0	10	325	140	185	10	10	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	270	175	95	5,565	3,015	2,545	185	120	65
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	450	295	150	15	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	60	45	20	870	515	355	35	35	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	95	55	40	1,040	520	520	65	40	30
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	45	30	10	930	445	485	25	10	15
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	35	20	20	890	440	450	15	0	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	25	25	0	1,385	800	585	30	20	10
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	205	105	100	3,765	1,890	1,870	135	80	55
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	5	5	165	85	80	15	10	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	195	95	100	3,595	1,810	1,785	120	65	60
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	165	85	80	2,235	1,115	1,115	105	60	45
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	5	5	115	55	60	15	10	0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0	65	35	40	10	10	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	5	45	25	20	5	5	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	150	75	80	2,120	1,060	1,055	90	50	40

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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