Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062141More information: Alberta [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	1,584	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	465	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	459	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4,213.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.38	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	1,585	790	795
0 to 14 years	360	185	175
0 to 4 years	90	40	45
5 to 9 years	120	70	55
10 to 14 years	150	75	75
15 to 64 years	1,130	560	570
15 to 19 years	155	85	70
20 to 24 years	90	50	35
25 to 29 years	60	35	25
30 to 34 years	80	30	50
35 to 39 years	125	55	75
40 to 44 years	165	70	95
45 to 49 years	170	95	80
50 to 54 years	135	65	65
55 to 59 years	85	45	35
60 to 64 years	65	30	30
65 years and over	100	40	55
65 to 69 years	35	15	20
70 to 74 years	30	10	15
75 to 79 years	10	5	10
80 to 84 years	10	10	0
85 years and over	5	5	5
85 to 89 years	5	5	0
90 to 94 years	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	22.7	23.4	22.0
15 to 64 years	71.3	70.9	71.7
65 years and over	6.3	5.1	6.9
85 years and over	0.3	0.6	0.6
Average age of the population	34.4	33.7	35.2
Median age of the population	37.2	35.6	38.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	460	...	...
Single-detached house	400	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...
Row house	60	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	460	...	...
1 person	40	...	...
2 persons	85	...	...
3 persons	100	...	...
4 persons	140	...	...
5 or more persons	95	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,585	790	795
Average household size	3.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,220	600	625
Married or living common-law	800	405	400
Married	750	375	375
Living common-law	50	25	20
Living common law - Never married	35	15	15
Living common law - Separated	5	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	10	5	0
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	420	200	225
Not married and not living common law - Never married	350	180	165
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	5	15
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	30	10	20
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	30	0	25
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	440	...	...
2 persons	120	...	...
3 persons	110	...	...
4 persons	150	...	...
5 or more persons	60	...	...
Average size of census families	3.4	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	440	...	...
Total couple families	395	...	...
Married couples	365	...	...
With children⁶	290	...	...
Without children	75	...	...
Common-law couples	25	...	...
With children⁶	5	...	...
Without children	20	...	...
Total one-parent families	45	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	40	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	1,585	785	800
Total - Persons in census families	1,480	755	730
Married spouses or common-law partners	780	395	390
Parents in one-parent families	50	10	40
Children⁶	645	350	300
In a two-parent family	570	305	260
In a one-parent family	75	45	35
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	100	35	65
Living alone	40	15	25
Living with other relatives⁷	40	10	25
Living with non-relatives only	25	10	15
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	460	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	345	...	...
Couple-family households	310	...	...
With children⁶	245	...	...
Without children	60	...	...
One-parent-family households	35	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	35	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	25	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	5	...	...
One-person households	40	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,225	605	620
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,110	545	570
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	53,600	38,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,115	545	565
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	47,600	36,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,020	515	505
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	52,000	31,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	880	450	425
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,400	56,800	38,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	960	455	505
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,800	2,580	6,550
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	130	50	75
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,840	5,600	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	415	190	225
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	9,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,220	565	650
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,105	510	595
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	63,100	76,400	51,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,105	510	595
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,000	63,400	44,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,025	485	550
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,700	74,000	47,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	900	445	455
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	63,700	75,200	52,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	945	415	530
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,860	7,280	10,080
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	130	55	75
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,700	4,600	6,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	370	160	210
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,680	9,000	10,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,220	565	650
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	415	210	210
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	81,000	97,000	72,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	97,600	114,000	81,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	380	175	200
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,400	29,400	14,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,200	47,200	30,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	88.0	92.0	83.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	82.0	86.0	77.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	12.0	7.8	17.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.6	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.7	4.0	7.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.1	3.7	6.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,220	600	625
Without total income	110	55	55
With total income	1,115	545	565
Under $10,000 (including loss)	150	60	90
$10,000 to $19,999	110	45	60
$20,000 to $29,999	135	60	75
$30,000 to $39,999	115	40	70
$40,000 to $49,999	95	40	55
$50,000 to $59,999	90	40	45
$60,000 to $69,999	75	40	40
$70,000 to $79,999	50	30	25
$80,000 to $89,999	45	20	20
$90,000 to $99,999	45	25	20
$100,000 and over	205	135	70
$100,000 to $149,999	105	60	40
$150,000 and over	100	75	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,220	600	625
Without after-tax income	110	55	55
With after-tax income	1,110	545	570
Under $10,000 (including loss)	155	60	95
$10,000 to $19,999	110	50	60
$20,000 to $29,999	150	65	80
$30,000 to $39,999	130	55	75
$40,000 to $49,999	125	50	70
$50,000 to $59,999	100	45	55
$60,000 to $69,999	75	40	35
$70,000 to $79,999	45	30	20
$80,000 to $89,999	55	35	25
$90,000 to $99,999	30	15	15
$100,000 and over	140	100	35
$100,000 to $124,999	55	40	20
$125,000 and over	85	65	20
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,220	600	625
Without employment income	345	150	195
With employment income	880	455	425
Under $5,000 (including loss)	85	35	50
$5,000 to $9,999	80	35	50
$10,000 to $19,999	90	40	50
$20,000 to $29,999	65	30	35
$30,000 to $39,999	75	35	40
$40,000 to $49,999	55	30	30
$50,000 to $59,999	70	30	40
$60,000 to $69,999	55	30	25
$70,000 to $79,999	55	30	25
$80,000 to $89,999	25	15	15
$90,000 to $99,999	45	20	25
$100,000 and over	175	120	50
$100,000 to $124,999	55	30	25
$125,000 and over	115	95	25
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,225	605	620
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,080	530	550
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,000	55,200	35,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,080	530	550
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	48,800	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,005	510	495
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,000	56,400	36,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	880	455	425
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,600	58,000	40,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	905	430	475
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	970	890	1,940
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	65	25	40
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,100	9,900	8,400
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,220	565	650
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,060	490	575
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,600	78,400	50,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,060	490	575
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,100	64,400	43,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	995	465	530
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,500	79,600	49,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	875	420	455
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	66,600	80,800	53,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	905	425	480
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,770	3,700	5,720
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	80	25	55
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,600	12,000	8,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,220	565	650
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	415	205	210
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	85,000	101,000	72,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	94,400	115,000	74,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	350	165	190
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,000	36,000	26,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	46,400	56,400	38,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	93.6	96.0	91.0
Employment income (%)	86.0	89.0	83.0
Government transfers (%)	6.4	4.1	9.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.8	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	460	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	134,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	40	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	415	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	460	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	152,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	128,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	420	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	159,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	134,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	460	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	305	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	55	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	40	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	90	...	...
$200,000 and over	115	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	460	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	270	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	70	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	60	...	...
$150,000 and over	140	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	415	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	70	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	295	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	158,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	45	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	65	25	40
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	65,000	67,500	65,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	54,800	57,200	54,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	420	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	156,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	131,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	300	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	172,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	60	0	50
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	60,000	x	62,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,000	x	52,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	1,585	790	795
0 to 17 years	460	240	220
0 to 5 years	115	60	60
18 to 64 years	1,030	500	520
65 years and over	100	40	55
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	70	40	30
0 to 17 years	20	10	5
0 to 5 years	10	10	0
18 to 64 years	40	20	20
65 years and over	15	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.4	5.0	3.8
0 to 17 years (%)	3.6	6.0	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	4.0	4.0	4.4
65 years and over (%)	12.0	16.0	10.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	1,585	785	800
0 to 17 years	460	245	215
0 to 5 years	120	60	60
18 to 64 years	1,025	505	525
65 years and over	95	40	55
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	40	25	15
0 to 17 years	10	5	0
0 to 5 years	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	25	10	15
65 years and over	5	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.6	3.0	2.0
0 to 17 years (%)	2.4	4.0	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	2.4	2.4	2.4
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	1,585	790	795
In bottom half of the distribution	545	275	270
In bottom decile	75	45	30
In second decile	90	45	45
In third decile	110	60	50
In fourth decile	135	65	70
In fifth decile	130	60	70
In top half of the distribution	1,035	510	525
In sixth decile	165	75	90
In seventh decile	155	75	75
In eighth decile	225	105	120
In ninth decile	245	125	120
In top decile	250	135	120
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	1,585	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.307	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.380	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.274	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	1,585	785	800
English only	1,470	740	730
French only	0	0	0
English and French	65	35	30
Neither English nor French	50	15	30
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	1,585	785	800
English	1,525	765	760
French	5	0	5
English and French	5	5	0
Neither English nor French	50	15	30
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	1,585	785	800
Single responses	1,470	730	740
Official languages	715	360	360
English	710	360	350
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	760	375	385
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	760	375	385
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	10
Amharic	10	5	5
Arabic	10	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	95	40	50
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	30	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	20	20
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5
Tamil	15	5	5
Telugu	15	5	10
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	330	155	170
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	95	45	55
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	95	45	55
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	10
Russian	55	20	35
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	5
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	15	10	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	0
German	5	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	135	70	65
Indo-Aryan languages	100	50	50
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	40	20	20
Hindi	15	10	5
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	10
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5
Urdu	10	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	20	20
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	35	20	20
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	25	10	15
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	5	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	45	45
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5
Romanian	10	5	5
Spanish	70	35	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	35	15	15
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	210	105	105
Chinese languages	210	105	105
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	185	90	90
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	110	60	55
English and French	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	100	55	50
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	1,585	785	800
English	720	375	350
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	235	115	115
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	235	115	115
English and French	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	600	290	315
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	1,585	785	800
Single responses	1,435	715	720
Official languages	910	455	450
English	910	455	450
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	525	255	270
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	525	255	270
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	15	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	55	25	30
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5
Ilocano	5	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	20	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	10	20
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5
Telugu	10	0	5
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	245	120	125
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	35	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	65	35	35
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5
Russian	45	20	25
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	100	55	50
Indo-Aryan languages	80	40	45
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	0
Gujarati	30	15	15
Hindi	20	10	10
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	5
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	15	10
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	20	15	10
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	15	10	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	35	35
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5
Romanian	5	5	5
Spanish	55	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	25	15	10
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	145	75	75
Chinese languages	145	75	75
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	130	65	65
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	150	70	80
English and French	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	140	65	70
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	1,585	785	795
None	1,090	560	535
English	225	110	110
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	190	80	110
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	190	80	110
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	55	25	35
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	1,600	760	840
Official languages	1,565	740	820
English	1,565	740	820
French	85	30	50
Non-official languages	855	395	460
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	855	395	460
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	40	35
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	40	35
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	60	35	30
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	105	35	70
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	105	35	70
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	10	20
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	30	10	15
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	455	220	235
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	35	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	70	35	35
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	30	15	15
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	15	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	10	0
German	10	10	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	255	130	135
Indo-Aryan languages	225	115	110
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	90	55	35
Hindi	135	70	65
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	35	50
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	10	15
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	30	10	15
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	50	65
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	105	45	60
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	25	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	15	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	170	85	90
Chinese languages	170	85	90
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	155	75	90
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	10	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,600	755	840
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,590	755	840
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,600	755	840
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,590	755	840
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	460	...	...
Owner	400	...	...
Renter	55	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	460	...	...
Condominium	60	...	...
Not condominium	395	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	460	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	55	...	...
3 bedrooms	205	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	185	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	460	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	65	...	...
5 rooms	125	...	...
6 rooms	60	...	...
7 rooms	55	...	...
8 or more rooms	145	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	460	...	...
One person or fewer per room	430	...	...
More than one person per room	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	460	...	...
Suitable	430	...	...
Not suitable	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	460	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	165	...	...
2006 to 2010	140	...	...
2011 to 2015	140	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	460	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	440	...	...
Major repairs needed	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	460	...	...
One-maintainer household	145	...	...
Two-maintainer household	280	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	30	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	460	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	35	...	...
35 to 44 years	160	...	...
45 to 54 years	150	...	...
55 to 64 years	80	...	...
65 to 74 years	25	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	455	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	370	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	90	...	...
30% to less than 100%	90	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	460	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	115	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	75	...	...
Not suitable only	15	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	340	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	455	...	...
In core need	25	...	...
Not in core need	430	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	400	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	71.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,920	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,850	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	544,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	522,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	60	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	58.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,860	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,000	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,600	755	845
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	30	15	15
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	30	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	15	10
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,565	740	830
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,600	755	845
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,450	705	750
Canadian citizens aged under 18	460	235	230
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	990	470	520
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	145	50	95
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,600	755	845
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	795	405	390
Immigrants⁸¹	800	355	445
Before 1980	35	10	20
1980 to 1990	15	0	15
1991 to 2000	95	40	55
2001 to 2010	385	195	190
2011 to 2021⁸²	265	100	165
2011 to 2015	165	75	90
2016 to 2021	100	30	75
Non-permanent residents⁸³	10	0	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	800	355	445
Under 5 years	75	30	45
5 to 14 years	130	55	70
15 to 24 years	110	40	70
25 to 44 years	400	185	215
45 years and over	90	35	50
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	800	355	445
Americas	80	30	55
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	45	20	30
Europe	65	30	35
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	10	10
Africa	105	45	60
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	80	30	45
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0
Asia	535	245	290
Afghanistan	15	0	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	135	75	60
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	10
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	125	45	75
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	160	85	75
Pakistan	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	105	30	75
Americas	10	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	30	10	20
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	30	10	20
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	60	20	40
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	15	0	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	25	0	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	1,600	760	840
First generation¹⁰⁰	820	355	465
Second generation¹⁰¹	335	175	160
Third generation or more¹⁰²	445	225	220
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	765	345	420
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	555	275	280
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	200	130	70
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	355	145	210
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	135	40	95
Refugees¹⁰⁸	70	30	40
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	765	345	420
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	80	25	55
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	15	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	30	15	10
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	625	285	345
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	1,600	760	840
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	955	430	525
South Asian	285	135	155
Chinese	180	85	95
Black	120	50	70
Filipino	160	50	100
Arab	45	25	20
Latin American	55	20	35
Southeast Asian	0	0	0
West Asian	30	10	20
Korean	30	30	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	40	15	25
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	645	330	315
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	1,600	760	845
Canadian	130	70	60
English	240	120	120
Irish	160	70	95
Scottish	180	95	90
French, n.o.s.¹²²	105	50	60
German	135	75	60
Chinese	190	90	100
Italian	65	20	45
Indian (India)	150	80	65
Ukrainian	45	15	30
Dutch	25	10	20
Polish	30	20	10
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	35	10	25
Filipino	155	50	105
French Canadian	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	25	15	10
Métis	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	10	0	10
Russian	65	45	20
Norwegian	35	15	25
Welsh	15	15	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
American	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0
Swedish	20	15	0
Hungarian	10	0	10
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	60	35	25
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	15	0	10
Belgian	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	80	35	40
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	40	15	25
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	45	20	30
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	20	20
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	40	20	20
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	55	25	25
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	1,600	755	840
Buddhist	10	0	10
Christian	760	325	425
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	185	85	105
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	15	10	10
Baptist	0	0	0
Catholic	410	170	240
Christian Orthodox	65	35	30
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	45	20	20
Presbyterian	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	20	0	20
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0
Hindu	130	65	65
Jewish	25	15	10
Muslim	140	70	80
Sikh	65	25	35
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	450	235	210
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,575	745	820
Non-movers	1,450	710	740
Movers	125	40	85
Non-migrants	45	15	30
Migrants	70	20	50
Internal migrants	20	10	10
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	15	10	10
External migrants	50	15	40
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	1,475	700	775
Non-movers	1,110	535	575
Movers	370	165	205
Non-migrants	245	115	130
Migrants	125	45	75
Internal migrants	45	25	25
Intraprovincial migrants	40	25	15
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0
External migrants	80	25	55
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,220	565	650
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	160	75	90
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,060	490	565
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	875	400	480
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	50	25	30
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	825	375	450
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,220	570	650
No certificate, diploma or degree	135	65	75
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	200	115	85
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	875	385	490
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	290	110	185
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	85	50	35
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	30	10	20
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	55	40	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	155	45	110
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	50	15	35
Bachelor's degree or higher	585	280	305
Bachelor's degree	395	195	200
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	0	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0
Master's degree	130	60	70
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	15	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	880	400	480
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	15	20
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	95	60	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	750	325	425
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	240	85	150
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	70	40	30
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	20	0	20
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	50	35	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	125	35	90
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	15	25
Bachelor's degree or higher	515	235	275
Bachelor's degree	340	165	170
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35	0	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0
Master's degree	115	50	60
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	15	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,220	570	655
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	345	180	160
Education	50	0	45
13. Education	50	0	45
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0
Humanities	35	10	25
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	65	15	50
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	30	0	25
Business, management and public administration	170	55	115
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	165	55	110
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	0	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	65	35	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	30	25
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	295	225	70
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	225	155	70
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	30	30	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	110	15	95
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	100	15	85
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	40	15	25
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	40	15	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	880	395	480
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	130	75	55
Education	45	0	45
13. Education	45	0	45
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0
Humanities	15	0	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	50	15	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	25	0	20
Business, management and public administration	150	45	105
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	140	45	95
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	0	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	0	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	55	30	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	25	20
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	260	190	70
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	205	140	70
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	105	15	90
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	90	15	75
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	35	15	20
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	35	15	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	880	395	480
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	130	75	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	750	330	420
Location of study inside Canada	385	165	215
Same as province or territory of residence	290	115	175
Different than province or territory of residence	95	50	45
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	365	165	205
Americas	65	20	45
United States of America	30	15	20
Mexico	10	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	15	0	10
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	60	35	25
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	15	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	10	0
Africa	25	10	10
Nigeria	25	10	10
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	220	95	120
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	75	35	30
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	40	15	25
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	80	40	40
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,220	570	650
In the labour force	855	425	430
Employed	770	375	395
Unemployed	90	50	40
Not in the labour force	365	140	220
Participation rate	70.1	74.6	66.2
Employment rate	63.1	65.8	60.8
Unemployment rate	10.5	11.8	9.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,220	570	655
Did not work¹⁸⁶	385	160	225
Worked	835	405	430
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	425	220	210
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	405	185	220
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.4	39.4	39.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	860	425	435
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	15	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	830	410	420
Employee	680	330	355
Permanent position	580	275	305
Temporary position	100	50	50
Fixed term (1 year or more)	45	30	10
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	55	20	35
Self-employed¹⁹²	155	80	70
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	860	425	435
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	15	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	830	410	420
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	165	70	95
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	185	125	60
3 Health occupations	90	20	75
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	75	15	60
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20	10	15
6 Sales and service occupations	170	65	100
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	100	95	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	15	10	10
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	860	425	435
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	15	10
All industries¹⁹¹	830	410	420
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	65	40	25
22 Utilities	20	10	10
23 Construction	30	20	10
31-33 Manufacturing	45	45	0
41 Wholesale trade	25	15	10
44-45 Retail trade	110	45	70
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	55	45	10
51 Information and cultural industries	15	0	15
52 Finance and insurance	35	25	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	140	75	65
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	35	25	15
61 Educational services	35	0	25
62 Health care and social assistance	125	10	115
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	25	10	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	40	20	25
91 Public administration	20	15	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	910	445	470
English	830	415	425
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	15	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	10
English and French	15	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	45	15	30
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	910	445	470
Single responses	895	440	460
Official languages	870	425	445
English	860	425	435
French	10	0	10
Non-official languages	35	15	20
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	35	15	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	0	10
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	910	445	470
None	860	425	440
English	20	0	15
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	25	10	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	25	10	15
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	770	375	395
Worked at home	260	120	140
Worked outside Canada	15	15	0
No fixed workplace address	75	55	20
Usual place of work	420	185	230
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	420	185	230
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	400	170	230
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	10	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	495	240	250
Car, truck or van	440	215	225
Car, truck or van - as a driver	420	215	200
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	25	0	20
Public transit	40	15	25
Walked	0	0	0
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	495	240	250
Less than 15 minutes	85	30	55
15 to 29 minutes	240	105	135
30 to 44 minutes	115	80	35
45 to 59 minutes	25	20	0
60 minutes and over	25	15	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	495	240	250
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	80	30	45
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	155	80	75
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	135	65	70
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	75	30	45
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	50	35	15
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	475	255	225
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	10	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	460	240	215
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	380	205	175
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	15	5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	360	195	170

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 15, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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