Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062127More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48060656More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			Division No. 6, Census division (CDR)More information: Alberta [Census division] Remove			48060753More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	482	...	...	486	...	...	1,590,639	...	...	726	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	1,498,778	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	6.1	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	253	...	...	411	...	...	638,160	...	...	328	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	235	...	...	326	...	...	604,628	...	...	300	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5,464.9	...	...	6,514.7	...	...	126.1	...	...	4,106.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.09	...	...	0.07	...	...	12,614.18	...	...	0.18	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	480	230	255	485	280	205	1,590,640	790,320	800,320	725	370	360
0 to 14 years	75	35	40	30	25	10	294,075	151,285	142,785	135	70	60
0 to 4 years	30	15	20	25	20	5	89,790	46,155	43,630	40	25	20
5 to 9 years	20	5	10	0	0	0	100,905	51,680	49,225	50	25	20
10 to 14 years	20	10	10	0	0	5	103,380	53,450	49,930	45	25	20
15 to 64 years	370	180	190	405	215	190	1,074,770	535,540	539,230	525	260	265
15 to 19 years	10	10	0	20	10	15	92,025	47,355	44,675	35	15	25
20 to 24 years	30	15	20	90	40	50	91,515	47,260	44,260	40	25	20
25 to 29 years	35	15	15	55	35	20	101,235	50,320	50,915	30	10	15
30 to 34 years	85	30	60	70	35	35	123,235	60,255	62,980	55	25	30
35 to 39 years	75	50	30	35	25	10	132,045	64,950	67,095	80	35	45
40 to 44 years	25	15	10	30	10	15	121,735	60,110	61,625	75	40	35
45 to 49 years	35	15	20	35	25	10	111,345	55,485	55,860	75	40	35
50 to 54 years	20	10	5	15	10	5	103,325	51,835	51,490	55	30	25
55 to 59 years	30	15	15	20	10	10	101,580	50,260	51,320	40	20	20
60 to 64 years	20	10	15	30	15	15	96,735	47,710	49,020	35	15	20
65 years and over	40	15	25	55	40	15	221,795	103,495	118,300	65	35	30
65 to 69 years	20	5	15	25	15	10	78,095	38,250	39,845	30	15	15
70 to 74 years	10	0	0	10	15	0	58,785	28,310	30,475	25	15	10
75 to 79 years	5	0	5	5	10	0	36,570	17,235	19,340	5	5	5
80 to 84 years	0	0	0	5	0	5	23,750	10,405	13,350	5	0	0
85 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,595	9,300	15,290	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,285	6,230	9,050	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,425	2,580	4,850	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	445	1,210	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	45	180	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.6	15.2	15.7	6.2	8.9	4.9	18.5	19.1	17.8	18.6	18.9	16.7
15 to 64 years	77.1	78.3	74.5	83.5	76.8	92.7	67.6	67.8	67.4	72.4	70.3	73.6
65 years and over	8.3	6.5	9.8	11.3	14.3	7.3	13.9	13.1	14.8	9.0	9.5	8.3
85 years and over	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.5	1.2	1.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	36.6	36.4	36.8	37.4	38.8	35.6	38.9	38.3	39.6	37.4	37.7	37.0
Median age of the population	35.6	36.4	34.4	32.4	34.4	30.6	38.4	38.0	39.2	39.2	40.4	37.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	235	...	...	325	...	...	604,630	...	...	300	...	...
Single-detached house	45	...	...	0	...	...	351,925	...	...	120	...	...
Semi-detached house	25	...	...	0	...	...	39,065	...	...	105	...	...
Row house	30	...	...	0	...	...	57,180	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	15	...	...	0	...	...	21,855	...	...	50	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	90	...	...	0	...	...	89,225	...	...	20	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	35	...	...	325	...	...	40,750	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	380	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	4,250	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	235	...	...	325	...	...	604,630	...	...	300	...	...
1 person	85	...	...	205	...	...	151,770	...	...	75	...	...
2 persons	90	...	...	90	...	...	196,980	...	...	110	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	15	...	...	96,165	...	...	40	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	5	...	...	97,780	...	...	55	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	5	...	...	61,930	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	480	225	250	485	275	205	1,571,935	782,210	789,725	730	365	360
Average household size	2.1	...	...	1.5	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	405	195	215	455	260	200	1,296,570	639,035	657,530	595	295	295
Married or living common-law	225	115	115	140	70	70	773,480	387,015	386,465	380	200	180
Married	155	75	75	85	45	40	657,160	328,650	328,510	275	140	140
Living common-law	75	40	40	55	30	25	116,320	58,365	57,960	105	55	45
Living common law - Never married	65	35	35	55	25	25	87,265	43,935	43,330	70	40	30
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,035	2,145	1,890	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	10	5	0	0	0	0	23,185	11,490	11,690	30	20	15
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,835	790	1,045	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	185	80	100	320	185	135	523,090	252,020	271,065	210	100	110
Not married and not living common law - Never married	130	70	65	245	140	105	364,145	197,890	166,255	150	75	75
Not married and not living common law - Separated	5	0	5	10	0	5	29,375	12,665	16,710	15	5	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	30	5	25	55	40	15	79,920	30,945	48,970	40	15	20
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	15	5	10	5	0	5	49,640	10,520	39,125	10	0	10
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	130	...	...	80	...	...	438,900	...	...	210	...	...
2 persons	85	...	...	60	...	...	204,395	...	...	105	...	...
3 persons	20	...	...	5	...	...	94,815	...	...	40	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	5	...	...	97,660	...	...	55	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	0	...	...	42,025	...	...	10	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.4	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	130	...	...	80	...	...	438,900	...	...	210	...	...
Total couple families	110	...	...	70	...	...	377,050	...	...	190	...	...
Married couples	70	...	...	40	...	...	318,890	...	...	140	...	...
With children⁶	40	...	...	20	...	...	190,345	...	...	85	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	25	...	...	128,545	...	...	55	...	...
Common-law couples	40	...	...	30	...	...	58,160	...	...	55	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	0	...	...	19,165	...	...	15	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	30	...	...	38,995	...	...	40	...	...
Total one-parent families	15	...	...	10	...	...	61,850	...	...	20	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	20	...	...	10	...	...	47,785	...	...	15	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	0	...	...	5	...	...	14,065	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	480	230	250	485	275	210	1,571,935	782,210	789,725	730	365	360
Total - Persons in census families	340	160	180	190	100	85	1,308,650	651,540	657,110	600	305	300
Married spouses or common-law partners	220	110	110	135	70	65	754,090	377,085	377,010	375	195	185
Parents in one-parent families	20	0	15	15	0	10	61,855	14,065	47,790	20	5	10
Children⁶	105	45	55	40	30	10	492,710	260,395	232,315	200	105	100
In a two-parent family	75	40	35	30	20	5	396,580	208,580	188,000	170	85	85
In a one-parent family	25	5	20	15	10	0	96,130	51,815	44,315	30	15	15
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	140	70	70	300	175	125	263,280	130,670	132,615	125	65	60
Living alone	85	40	50	205	120	85	151,765	71,605	80,165	75	40	40
Living with other relatives⁷	20	15	10	15	10	5	40,060	17,085	22,975	20	10	10
Living with non-relatives only	35	20	20	80	50	30	71,460	41,975	29,480	35	20	15
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	235	...	...	330	...	...	604,630	...	...	300	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	115	...	...	75	...	...	375,185	...	...	195	...	...
Couple-family households	105	...	...	65	...	...	328,515	...	...	175	...	...
With children⁶	40	...	...	15	...	...	182,665	...	...	85	...	...
Without children	60	...	...	45	...	...	145,845	...	...	85	...	...
One-parent-family households	20	...	...	10	...	...	46,670	...	...	20	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	0	...	...	20,165	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	4,730	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...	0	...	...	22,485	...	...	10	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	20	...	...	40	...	...	30,295	...	...	15	...	...
One-person households	85	...	...	210	...	...	151,765	...	...	75	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	410	195	210	455	255	200	1,278,370	631,180	647,195	590	295	295
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	400	190	210	430	240	185	1,214,945	600,280	614,665	560	280	275
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,000	60,000	50,000	30,400	32,400	28,800	44,800	52,400	39,200	68,500	87,000	56,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	400	190	210	430	240	185	1,215,665	600,680	614,980	560	280	275
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,400	50,000	44,000	28,600	30,200	26,800	40,400	46,000	36,000	56,400	70,000	50,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	385	180	205	350	195	155	1,105,625	556,335	549,290	530	275	260
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,000	57,200	40,000	24,200	27,400	20,400	40,800	50,000	32,400	69,000	89,000	54,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	345	160	185	320	175	150	922,195	474,800	447,395	460	235	225
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,200	57,600	48,800	24,400	29,400	19,200	42,400	50,800	34,800	65,500	82,000	53,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	340	160	175	415	235	180	1,061,305	515,795	545,510	460	230	230
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,680	2,580	8,700	9,400	10,000	9,200	7,600	5,600	9,100	3,480	1,570	4,880
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	40	20	20	75	35	40	136,975	64,415	72,555	45	15	25
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	x	x	5,440	5,520	4,920	5,800	5,760	5,880	6,280	x	6,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	135	60	70	220	120	100	384,535	184,820	199,710	150	80	75
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	10,000	8,000	10,000	10,000	10,000	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	8,800	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	390	175	215	470	240	230	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	615	315	300
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	385	170	215	435	220	215	1,214,380	599,940	614,440	565	290	270
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	70,400	79,500	63,200	36,200	44,400	27,800	65,500	78,400	52,850	114,400	143,000	83,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	385	170	215	435	220	215	1,215,100	600,300	614,800	565	290	270
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,200	60,800	52,800	31,800	38,000	25,800	53,050	61,750	44,560	76,000	86,000	66,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	365	155	210	340	165	170	1,105,945	556,435	549,510	525	275	255
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	66,400	78,000	58,000	32,600	42,800	22,800	62,300	76,300	48,160	114,000	146,000	79,500
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	325	140	185	300	145	155	922,200	475,075	447,125	455	235	225
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	70,000	80,000	62,000	32,800	44,000	22,000	60,800	73,200	47,640	104,000	139,000	66,500
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	295	140	150	415	205	210	1,060,140	515,090	545,050	470	255	215
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,400	9,600	9,200	11,320	12,600	10,100	10,020	8,930	11,050	10,000	8,800	11,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15	0	0	95	30	65	136,685	64,550	72,135	60	20	40
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	...	...	4,300	4,800	4,000	7,070	6,620	7,480	7,400	6,800	8,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	150	75	70	225	105	120	383,100	184,610	198,485	210	120	95
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,200	11,200	8,800	9,800	10,800	9,000	9,270	9,160	9,380	10,200	10,800	9,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	390	180	215	470	240	230	1,278,370	631,155	647,215	615	315	300
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	180	65	120	100	50	50	432,255	245,295	186,965	225	120	105
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	74,000	78,000	74,000	36,800	34,000	36,800	73,000	80,000	65,000	117,000	178,000	85,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	97,000	140,000	72,000	38,500	42,000	35,000	94,000	107,000	76,900	172,000	228,000	108,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	125	55	65	140	60	80	374,345	173,060	201,290	170	90	80
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,400	11,600	22,400	14,700	30,800	13,200	20,400	23,400	18,400	12,500	22,000	12,500
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,500	30,000	46,000	25,200	35,000	18,000	33,960	40,480	28,360	41,200	47,000	35,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	90.0	88.0	90.0	70.0	73.0	65.0	86.6	90.2	81.4	93.0	94.0	90.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	83.0	84.0	84.0	62.0	64.0	56.0	70.6	74.0	65.6	73.0	77.0	66.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	10.2	10.0	10.4	30.0	26.8	35.5	13.4	9.8	18.5	7.3	5.4	10.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	x	x	2.5	1.4	4.4	1.2	0.9	1.7	0.7	0.4	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.9	6.8	5.0	15.0	12.2	19.6	5.0	3.9	6.5	3.5	3.1	4.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.6	6.4	4.4	14.0	11.6	18.0	4.5	3.6	5.7	3.3	3.0	3.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	405	195	215	455	255	200	1,278,375	631,180	647,190	595	295	295
Without total income	5	5	0	25	10	15	63,430	30,900	32,525	30	10	20
With total income	405	190	215	430	245	190	1,214,950	600,280	614,670	560	285	280
Under $10,000 (including loss)	25	15	15	45	20	25	107,500	44,415	63,085	45	20	25
$10,000 to $19,999	25	15	10	40	25	20	115,465	47,780	67,690	40	20	15
$20,000 to $29,999	50	20	30	130	75	60	178,230	78,800	99,430	55	25	30
$30,000 to $39,999	45	15	30	80	40	45	142,910	61,170	81,740	45	20	25
$40,000 to $49,999	45	20	25	55	40	20	122,655	55,960	66,690	40	15	25
$50,000 to $59,999	30	10	20	25	15	10	101,530	48,280	53,245	30	15	20
$60,000 to $69,999	45	25	20	15	10	5	85,080	42,725	42,355	30	10	15
$70,000 to $79,999	25	10	15	20	5	10	68,705	36,885	31,825	20	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	10	5	0	0	53,900	30,515	23,385	20	5	15
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	5	0	0	0	45,345	25,570	19,775	15	5	10
$100,000 and over	85	50	35	10	10	0	193,625	128,165	65,460	215	130	85
$100,000 to $149,999	45	25	20	10	5	0	113,250	69,295	43,955	80	35	45
$150,000 and over	40	20	15	0	0	0	80,375	58,870	21,505	135	95	45
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	405	195	215	455	255	200	1,278,375	631,180	647,190	595	295	295
Without after-tax income	5	5	0	25	10	15	62,710	30,505	32,210	30	10	20
With after-tax income	405	190	215	430	245	190	1,215,660	600,680	614,985	560	285	280
Under $10,000 (including loss)	25	15	15	45	20	25	112,205	46,185	66,020	50	20	30
$10,000 to $19,999	25	15	15	45	25	20	120,545	50,115	70,430	40	25	20
$20,000 to $29,999	55	25	35	145	75	70	201,940	89,680	112,255	65	30	35
$30,000 to $39,999	55	20	35	100	60	40	166,565	73,405	93,160	50	20	25
$40,000 to $49,999	50	25	25	35	25	15	143,135	67,430	75,705	55	20	30
$50,000 to $59,999	40	20	20	25	15	10	114,565	57,190	57,380	35	15	20
$60,000 to $69,999	35	15	20	15	10	10	87,375	47,045	40,330	30	15	20
$70,000 to $79,999	25	10	10	5	5	0	65,115	36,810	28,305	20	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	10	5	5	0	51,690	28,935	22,760	30	15	20
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	10	0	0	0	35,160	21,215	13,945	30	10	20
$100,000 and over	50	35	20	5	0	0	117,360	82,665	34,700	160	105	55
$100,000 to $124,999	25	15	10	0	0	0	48,950	32,240	16,710	35	15	15
$125,000 and over	30	20	15	0	0	0	68,410	50,430	17,985	125	90	40
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	405	195	215	455	255	200	1,278,375	631,180	647,190	595	295	295
Without employment income	65	35	25	135	80	50	356,175	156,380	199,795	130	60	75
With employment income	345	160	185	325	175	145	922,200	474,800	447,395	460	240	225
Under $5,000 (including loss)	40	15	20	55	25	30	116,020	54,130	61,895	50	15	30
$5,000 to $9,999	30	10	15	30	15	20	73,350	31,190	42,165	30	10	20
$10,000 to $19,999	20	10	10	50	25	30	101,970	44,705	57,260	35	20	20
$20,000 to $29,999	25	5	15	50	20	25	78,390	35,640	42,745	25	15	10
$30,000 to $39,999	30	15	15	45	25	15	73,695	34,455	39,235	30	15	15
$40,000 to $49,999	15	10	10	30	20	10	71,335	34,515	36,815	20	10	15
$50,000 to $59,999	30	15	15	15	5	5	67,050	32,805	34,245	20	5	10
$60,000 to $69,999	25	15	10	15	10	5	60,120	30,900	29,220	15	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	15	10	10	5	49,420	27,665	21,750	20	5	10
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	10	0	0	0	40,555	23,400	17,160	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	10	0	0	0	37,010	20,630	16,375	20	5	10
$100,000 and over	75	40	30	10	5	0	153,280	104,755	48,525	175	110	60
$100,000 to $124,999	25	10	15	0	0	0	61,175	36,970	24,210	45	20	30
$125,000 and over	45	25	20	5	0	0	92,100	67,780	24,320	125	90	35
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	410	195	210	455	255	200	1,278,370	631,180	647,195	590	295	295
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	395	185	210	425	235	190	1,186,950	585,375	601,575	550	275	270
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,800	58,000	45,600	24,000	24,600	22,600	44,400	53,200	37,600	73,000	91,000	61,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	395	185	210	425	235	190	1,187,385	585,475	601,910	550	275	270
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,600	48,800	41,600	23,400	24,000	22,000	40,000	46,400	34,400	61,600	78,000	53,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	370	175	195	360	200	160	1,090,850	548,795	542,060	520	265	255
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,200	57,600	44,800	23,200	24,200	22,000	43,600	52,800	35,600	75,000	95,000	61,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	340	160	175	330	185	150	923,490	475,205	448,285	445	230	215
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,200	57,200	53,600	22,600	24,200	21,000	44,800	53,600	37,600	68,000	89,000	57,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	315	150	160	385	215	170	1,003,255	489,055	514,200	420	210	205
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	900	820	1,620	1,050	1,050	1,050	1,190	960	3,040	890	780	1,010
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	35	15	15	40	25	20	85,480	38,765	46,720	25	10	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,080	x	x	6,160	5,360	x	6,450	5,680	7,200	11,100	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	390	175	215	470	240	230	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	615	315	300
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	370	165	210	440	220	220	1,186,410	585,100	601,310	560	285	270
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	70,000	81,000	61,200	32,600	39,200	26,000	65,500	80,000	51,400	126,800	170,000	82,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	370	165	210	440	220	220	1,186,820	585,185	601,635	560	285	270
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,200	61,200	50,800	29,400	34,400	24,200	52,650	62,600	43,000	93,200	121,000	64,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	365	150	210	370	180	190	1,091,545	549,110	542,435	530	280	255
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	68,800	84,000	58,000	32,200	40,000	24,800	65,600	80,800	50,200	129,500	172,000	83,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	305	135	170	320	160	160	923,490	475,385	448,110	455	240	215
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	75,500	88,000	65,500	31,900	39,200	24,400	64,100	77,600	49,760	126,800	174,000	72,500
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	255	115	140	400	195	210	1,003,375	489,190	514,180	430	215	220
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,200	3,200	5,000	6,140	7,000	5,320	6,130	5,076	7,130	5,020	3,800	6,240
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	25	0	0	45	20	25	84,820	38,275	46,545	35	0	20
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,200	...	...	11,200	6,000	14,000	8,200	7,120	9,080	10,000	...	12,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	390	180	215	470	240	230	1,278,370	631,155	647,215	615	315	300
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	170	60	110	95	50	45	428,265	243,165	185,105	215	115	100
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	77,000	103,000	62,400	30,600	28,000	36,800	70,500	78,500	62,000	120,000	238,000	82,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	101,000	144,000	77,000	32,500	29,000	36,000	92,000	105,800	74,000	190,000	256,000	110,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	100	50	55	150	60	85	353,070	163,500	189,570	165	90	70
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,800	42,400	22,600	21,000	23,200	13,400	28,800	33,200	25,600	36,000	22,800	38,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	49,000	50,000	48,000	28,000	39,000	20,800	43,720	53,050	35,720	60,800	66,000	54,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	96.0	96.0	94.0	83.0	84.0	80.0	92.0	94.6	88.2	97.0	98.0	94.0
Employment income (%)	88.0	92.0	88.0	71.5	74.0	68.0	76.2	78.8	72.2	82.0	86.0	70.0
Government transfers (%)	4.2	2.9	5.4	17.2	16.0	19.2	7.9	5.3	11.9	3.1	1.7	6.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.5	x	x	3.4	1.2	7.0	0.9	0.6	1.4	0.5	x	1.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	235	...	...	325	...	...	604,630	...	...	300	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	40,400	...	...	100,000	...	...	168,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	36,800	...	...	87,000	...	...	134,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	85	...	...	210	...	...	151,765	...	...	75	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,000	...	...	32,400	...	...	50,400	...	...	58,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,800	...	...	29,600	...	...	44,000	...	...	48,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	150	...	...	120	...	...	452,860	...	...	225	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	60,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	208,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	56,000	...	...	104,000	...	...	166,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	230	...	...	330	...	...	604,630	...	...	315	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	47,200	...	...	131,600	...	...	208,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	41,600	...	...	106,600	...	...	138,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	90	...	...	205	...	...	151,830	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	33,600	...	...	67,800	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...	30,400	...	...	55,250	...	...	72,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	140	...	...	130	...	...	452,795	...	...	230	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	158,000	...	...	69,000	...	...	152,800	...	...	250,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	60,000	...	...	123,800	...	...	162,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	235	...	...	325	...	...	604,630	...	...	300	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	10	...	...	6,730	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	3,245	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	4,475	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	15	...	...	6,245	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	45	...	...	16,055	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	35	...	...	16,860	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	14,380	...	...	0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	25	...	...	16,415	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	25	...	...	17,790	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	25	...	...	17,750	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	30	...	...	36,405	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	25	...	...	37,740	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	37,230	...	...	5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	35,705	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	34,355	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	105	...	...	25	...	...	303,255	...	...	200	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	15	...	...	74,975	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	0	...	...	58,215	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	20	...	...	0	...	...	76,310	...	...	35	...	...
$200,000 and over	40	...	...	0	...	...	93,755	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	235	...	...	325	...	...	604,630	...	...	300	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	10	...	...	7,625	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	3,380	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	4,615	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	15	...	...	6,745	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	50	...	...	17,335	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	35	...	...	19,015	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	25	...	...	16,770	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	35	...	...	19,345	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	21,320	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	30	...	...	21,155	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	35	...	...	44,695	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	45,520	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	44,095	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	42,705	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	38,715	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	85	...	...	5	...	...	251,600	...	...	175	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	5	...	...	78,970	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	0	...	...	56,565	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 and over	45	...	...	0	...	...	116,060	...	...	140	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	135	...	...	85	...	...	431,155	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	60,400	...	...	120,000	...	...	214,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	56,000	...	...	103,000	...	...	174,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.3	...	...	3.1	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	50	...	...	151,045	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	154,000	...	...	60,400	...	...	107,000	...	...	226,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	56,800	...	...	92,000	...	...	182,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	45	...	...	15	...	...	209,715	...	...	95	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...	x	...	...	144,000	...	...	230,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	x	...	...	123,000	...	...	180,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.6	...	...	4.1	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	10	...	...	56,700	...	...	20	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	x	...	...	75,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	x	...	...	68,500	...	...	86,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	115	55	65	285	165	115	223,225	113,580	109,645	105	55	50
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,400	48,400	39,600	30,000	32,000	28,200	44,400	46,000	43,200	51,600	45,600	55,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,400	43,200	38,400	28,600	29,600	26,600	40,000	40,800	38,800	44,000	38,000	46,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	120	...	...	90	...	...	431,010	...	...	225	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	168,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	153,400	...	...	250,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	68,000	...	...	123,800	...	...	162,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	70	...	...	55	...	...	151,205	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	240,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	141,000	...	...	256,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	175,000	...	...	68,000	...	...	113,400	...	...	188,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	30	...	...	209,670	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	180,800	...	...	296,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	144,600	...	...	164,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	56,445	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	...	...	...	90,200	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	...	...	...	78,200	...	...	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	125	50	75	290	160	135	223,320	113,715	109,605	105	55	45
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	53,000	48,000	56,000	29,400	34,000	24,000	60,050	61,950	58,050	82,000	92,000	66,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,000	42,000	48,000	26,600	30,000	22,400	49,640	50,640	48,560	63,000	72,000	54,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	485	230	255	485	280	205	1,571,935	782,210	789,725	725	370	355
0 to 17 years	80	40	40	30	25	5	349,785	179,925	169,860	155	85	75
0 to 5 years	40	15	20	30	20	5	109,785	56,290	53,495	50	25	25
18 to 64 years	360	180	185	395	215	190	1,013,015	502,890	510,125	505	250	255
65 years and over	35	15	25	55	40	15	209,135	99,390	109,740	65	35	30
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	60	25	35	165	95	70	134,160	64,550	69,610	45	20	20
0 to 17 years	15	5	10	10	10	5	35,370	18,260	17,110	10	0	5
0 to 5 years	5	0	5	10	10	0	11,490	5,880	5,610	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	40	20	25	130	70	65	78,110	37,880	40,225	30	15	15
65 years and over	5	0	5	20	15	5	20,680	8,400	12,270	5	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.4	10.0	14.0	34.0	34.0	34.0	8.5	8.3	8.8	6.2	6.4	6.0
0 to 17 years (%)	18.0	10.0	24.0	36.0	40.0	x	10.1	10.2	10.1	8.0	5.0	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	x	x	30.0	40.0	x	10.5	10.5	10.5	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	11.6	10.0	12.0	33.5	31.0	35.0	7.7	7.5	7.9	6.0	6.0	6.0
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	38.0	45.0	x	9.9	8.5	11.2	x	x	x
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	480	230	250	485	275	210	1,571,935	782,210	789,725	730	365	360
0 to 17 years	80	40	40	35	25	10	349,790	179,930	169,855	160	80	75
0 to 5 years	40	20	25	25	20	5	109,785	56,290	53,500	50	25	25
18 to 64 years	365	175	185	400	210	185	1,013,015	502,890	510,130	505	250	250
65 years and over	40	15	30	55	40	15	209,130	99,390	109,740	65	35	30
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	35	15	20	105	60	50	81,680	42,310	39,370	40	25	20
0 to 17 years	5	0	0	10	10	0	18,085	9,305	8,780	10	5	5
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	10	5	0	5,625	2,890	2,730	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	25	15	15	90	50	45	57,155	29,990	27,170	30	15	15
65 years and over	0	0	0	5	0	0	6,440	3,015	3,420	5	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.8	7.0	7.0	22.4	22.0	23.0	5.2	5.4	5.0	5.6	5.6	5.6
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	x	x	25.0	30.0	x	5.2	5.2	5.2	6.0	5.0	8.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	30.0	30.0	x	5.1	5.1	5.1	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	7.6	8.0	8.0	23.6	23.0	24.0	5.6	6.0	5.3	5.6	6.0	6.0
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	10.0	x	x	3.1	3.0	3.1	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	480	230	255	485	275	205	1,571,935	782,210	789,725	725	370	360
In bottom half of the distribution	210	90	115	415	235	175	673,690	328,825	344,865	200	105	100
In bottom decile	55	25	30	145	80	70	124,250	62,485	61,770	50	25	25
In second decile	50	20	30	80	45	35	132,700	62,320	70,380	35	15	15
In third decile	45	25	25	105	65	45	133,855	64,900	68,960	55	30	30
In fourth decile	40	20	25	50	25	20	138,980	68,120	70,855	30	20	15
In fifth decile	20	10	10	30	20	15	143,905	71,000	72,900	30	15	10
In top half of the distribution	275	140	140	70	40	30	898,245	453,385	444,865	525	265	260
In sixth decile	30	15	15	25	15	15	150,845	75,135	75,710	35	15	20
In seventh decile	40	15	20	15	10	5	155,985	78,075	77,910	50	25	25
In eighth decile	45	20	25	10	5	5	164,975	82,995	81,980	40	20	20
In ninth decile	60	30	25	5	5	0	181,315	91,520	89,795	65	30	35
In top decile	100	50	45	10	5	0	245,130	125,660	119,470	340	165	165
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	480	...	...	485	...	...	1,571,935	...	...	730	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.406	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.374	...	...	0.429	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.492	...	...	0.524	...	...	0.467	...	...	0.465	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.360	...	...	0.296	...	...	0.326	...	...	0.382	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	5.2	...	...	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...	6.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	480	230	250	485	275	210	1,578,665	784,990	793,675	725	365	360
English only	435	210	220	440	250	190	1,440,365	723,615	716,745	615	315	300
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	425	555	0	0	0
English and French	45	15	30	40	20	15	103,090	47,140	55,945	105	50	55
Neither English nor French	0	0	5	15	5	5	34,235	13,810	20,420	0	0	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	480	230	250	485	275	210	1,578,665	784,990	793,675	725	365	360
English	465	220	240	465	265	200	1,517,390	757,800	759,590	700	355	345
French	10	5	5	5	5	5	20,675	10,250	10,425	20	5	15
English and French	5	5	0	5	0	0	7,260	3,590	3,675	5	5	0
Neither English nor French	0	0	5	10	5	5	33,340	13,355	19,985	0	0	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	480	230	250	485	275	210	1,578,665	784,990	793,675	725	365	360
Single responses	460	220	240	460	260	195	1,505,615	749,475	756,135	690	350	340
Official languages	350	165	185	275	160	120	1,090,565	550,685	539,875	585	300	285
English	340	165	175	270	155	115	1,070,475	540,715	529,760	570	290	275
French	10	5	5	10	5	5	20,090	9,970	10,115	20	5	10
Non-official languages	105	50	55	185	105	75	415,050	198,790	216,260	110	55	55
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	270	380	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	180	265	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	90	90	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	75	125	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	75	125	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	35	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	55	80	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	105	50	55	180	105	75	414,405	198,525	215,885	110	55	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	40	20	20	35,495	18,255	17,240	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	75	65	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,200	1,600	1,600	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	85	85	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,395	700	700	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	800	815	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	35	20	15	32,085	16,545	15,535	5	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	15	10	5	4,515	2,170	2,345	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	15	5	5	21,355	11,215	10,145	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	325	340	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	175	170	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	105	115	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	40	55	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	240	240	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	5	10	4,965	2,545	2,420	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	14,785	6,645	8,140	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	400	465	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	0	5	13,810	6,185	7,625	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	50	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	5	20	10	10	55,755	24,650	31,110	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	105	130	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	415	555	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	900	1,115	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	460	610	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0	3,610	1,630	1,980	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	280	420	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	80	115	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	240	265	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	115	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	15	10	10	45,300	20,005	25,290	10	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	80	85	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	195	270	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	300	310	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	75	75	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	6,750	3,470	3,280	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	180	180	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,805	1,410	1,390	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,215	1,160	1,060	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,295	685	610	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	70	55	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	65	30	35	70	40	25	203,750	100,055	103,695	60	25	30
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	725	650	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	135	140	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	10	10	5	30,225	13,960	16,270	20	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	225	260	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	80	100	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	145	160	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	10	10	5	29,740	13,735	16,005	20	10	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0	820	410	405	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,405	645	760	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	80	75	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	5	0	7,595	3,540	4,050	5	0	5
Russian	0	0	5	5	5	5	10,165	4,510	5,660	5	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,905	2,385	2,520	10	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	435	460	5	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,000	960	1,045	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,935	950	980	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	545	545	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	5	0	3,340	1,500	1,840	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	55	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	5	0	0	17,580	8,490	9,090	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	10,660	5,055	5,600	5	0	5
German	5	0	0	0	0	0	10,230	4,840	5,390	5	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	190	180	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,565	2,755	2,810	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,230	595	640	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,870	1,930	1,935	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	30	20	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	135	165	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,290	635	650	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	395	370	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	90	115	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	125	145	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,520	710	805	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	5	25	15	10	106,625	53,665	52,955	10	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	25	10	10	93,240	46,930	46,305	5	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	0	4,455	2,230	2,230	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5	5	5	5	6,565	3,380	3,180	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	5	8,495	4,290	4,205	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,080	475	605	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	90	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	500	495	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,265	1,175	1,095	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	40	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,105	24,690	24,420	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	160	145	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	505	525	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,875	8,975	8,905	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	340	305	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	13,350	6,720	6,630	5	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,100	540	565	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,020	1,035	990	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,100	5,080	5,020	5	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,045	1,520	1,525	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,705	2,875	2,830	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	685	660	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	15	30	20	10	45,970	22,265	23,700	25	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,625	2,335	2,285	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	0	0	0	0	4,540	2,160	2,375	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,585	2,265	2,315	0	0	0
Spanish	20	10	15	25	15	5	32,170	15,475	16,695	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	0	2,395	800	1,595	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	20	15	5	10,745	4,940	5,800	5	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	210	255	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	5	5	0	6,430	3,245	3,185	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	5	0	705	360	340	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	400	375	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	95	100	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	60	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	65	80	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	155	185	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	385	410	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	45	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,845	970	875	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	375	395	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	665	650	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	305	250	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	170	215	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	160	160	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	25	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	145	130	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	120	110	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	25	10	10	68,720	31,925	36,790	15	10	10
Chinese languages	5	5	5	20	10	10	67,430	31,300	36,130	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	140	155	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	10	10	31,950	14,765	17,190	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,235	520	710	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	130	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	5	5	0	32,755	15,315	17,435	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	865	390	470	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	600	640	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	125	140	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	45	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	85	85	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	320	325	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,240	435	800	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	220	245	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	205	535	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	1,050	900	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	135	110	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,405	770	635	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	50	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,550	1,640	1,910	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	105	200	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,155	1,490	1,665	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	15	30	15	15	73,050	35,515	37,535	30	15	15
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	5	6,360	3,080	3,285	5	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	20	10	5	58,650	28,715	29,930	20	10	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,230	605	630	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,130	525	605	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	5	5	5	5,680	2,595	3,085	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	480	230	250	485	275	210	1,578,665	784,990	793,675	725	365	360
English	345	165	180	305	180	125	1,104,225	556,180	548,045	575	295	275
French	5	0	5	0	0	0	4,775	2,390	2,390	5	0	5
Non-official language	25	15	10	55	30	30	127,600	60,835	66,760	25	15	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	25	15	10	55	30	25	127,540	60,810	66,730	25	15	10
English and French	5	0	0	10	0	10	14,755	6,925	7,835	15	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	100	45	50	115	65	45	306,635	148,985	157,650	95	45	50
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	255	315	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	5	5	0	7,715	3,605	4,105	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	5	0	0	12,395	5,820	6,575	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	480	230	250	485	275	210	1,578,665	784,990	793,675	725	365	360
Single responses	460	215	240	465	265	205	1,503,115	748,130	754,985	715	365	350
Official languages	395	185	210	355	210	150	1,243,700	622,455	621,250	665	335	330
English	390	185	205	355	210	145	1,236,475	618,890	617,585	655	330	325
French	5	0	5	0	0	0	7,230	3,560	3,665	10	10	5
Non-official languages	70	30	40	110	60	50	259,415	125,675	133,740	55	30	25
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	65	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	70	30	40	110	60	50	259,295	125,620	133,675	55	30	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	30	15	15	22,515	11,260	11,260	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	1,040	1,105	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	70	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	505	505	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	470	535	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	30	15	15	20,280	10,165	10,115	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	10	5	5	2,840	1,335	1,500	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	5	10	5	5	12,825	6,490	6,335	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	250	265	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	130	135	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	75	80	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	125	125	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	5	10	3,805	1,940	1,865	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,940	4,535	5,405	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	205	260	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,395	4,280	5,110	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	10	10	0	10	35,275	16,595	18,675	15	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	40	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	240	265	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,190	580	605	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	280	295	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0	2,225	1,035	1,185	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	130	130	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	10	0	10	29,630	13,885	15,750	15	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	100	110	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	160	180	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	60	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	40	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,410	2,205	2,205	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	95	95	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,900	940	960	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,495	760	730	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	785	390	395	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	20	15	45	20	20	122,940	60,715	62,220	30	15	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	330	295	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	75	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	5	0	10	5	5	14,005	6,710	7,295	15	10	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	110	105	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	70	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	5	0	10	5	5	13,790	6,605	7,190	15	10	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0	380	180	195	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	190	220	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	40	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,015	1,450	1,560	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	5	5	5	6,450	3,065	3,385	10	5	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,020	980	1,035	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	180	185	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	335	375	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	925	460	465	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	190	215	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	5	0	980	470	515	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	15	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,010	1,440	1,570	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,705	825	880	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,630	785	845	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	530	590	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	305	330	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	210	245	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	75	90	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	215	265	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	15	10	5	79,180	39,590	39,590	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	5	15	10	5	70,335	35,225	35,110	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,975	1,455	1,520	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5	5	5	5	4,225	2,175	2,045	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	5	5	5,510	2,770	2,740	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	245	340	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	285	285	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,590	815	775	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,675	20,425	20,245	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	85	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	270	285	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,930	6,420	6,510	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	175	185	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	8,825	4,360	4,475	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	360	395	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	635	615	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,765	3,325	3,435	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	905	970	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,970	1,965	2,015	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	460	455	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	5	15	10	5	25,440	12,340	13,100	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	450	550	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,180	1,230	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,175	1,085	1,085	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	5	15	10	5	19,825	9,605	10,215	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,160	495	665	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	15	5	8,130	3,835	4,295	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	135	170	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	1,030	1,140	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	160	170	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	100	100	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	45	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	45	55	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	140	155	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	315	345	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	70	90	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	360	360	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	190	150	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	115	145	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	65	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	260	190	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	205	150	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	5	5	5	47,945	22,570	25,375	5	5	0
Chinese languages	5	0	0	5	5	5	47,025	22,110	24,915	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	50	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	5	5	5	23,970	11,440	12,530	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	185	280	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,815	10,130	11,685	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	225	275	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	915	460	455	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	75	85	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	80	85	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	250	235	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	230	270	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	100	105	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	125	150	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,185	600	580	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	60	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	480	455	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,205	575	625	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	540	590	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	15	10	20	15	10	75,555	36,865	38,685	10	0	5
English and French	5	0	0	0	0	0	2,955	1,435	1,520	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	20	15	5	69,995	34,230	35,770	5	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	115	140	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	320	385	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,630	760	875	5	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	480	225	250	485	280	205	1,578,665	784,995	793,670	730	365	360
None	390	185	205	375	220	155	1,298,665	649,700	648,965	605	310	290
English	40	15	25	50	25	25	104,745	51,660	53,085	30	15	15
French	5	5	0	10	0	5	11,450	5,290	6,160	15	5	5
Non-official language	40	20	20	45	30	20	127,610	60,685	66,920	65	30	35
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	285	350	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	40	20	20	45	30	20	126,970	60,410	66,565	60	30	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,340	640	705	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	5	5	16,885	8,395	8,490	5	5	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,660	1,690	1,970	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	120	95	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	5	0	14,095	6,810	7,285	5	0	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	410	180	230	515	265	250	1,571,935	782,265	789,665	760	400	365
Official languages	410	180	230	490	250	235	1,537,720	768,345	769,380	760	400	365
English	410	180	230	490	250	235	1,536,650	767,865	768,785	760	400	365
French	40	30	15	50	30	15	103,915	47,090	56,830	70	30	45
Non-official languages	105	50	50	250	115	140	562,910	270,945	291,960	175	105	70
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,740	685	1,050	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,155	440	720	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	190	280	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	245	360	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	245	360	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	80	185	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	10	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	115	155	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	40	85	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	40	85	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	10	45	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	40	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	95	135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	70	100	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	30	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	30	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	90	90	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	105	50	50	250	115	140	561,340	270,320	291,010	175	105	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	75	40	35	54,595	28,250	26,345	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	185	110	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	100	85	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	60	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	30	10	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	225	145	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	220	145	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	45	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,720	2,480	2,245	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,115	1,125	990	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,430	1,265	1,170	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	75	40	35	50,645	26,150	24,495	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	0	8,465	4,170	4,295	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	10	0	35,250	18,505	16,750	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	490	360	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	215	145	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	215	165	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	65	55	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,110	1,085	1,025	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	65	30	35	7,675	3,920	3,755	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	90	40	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,885	9,635	11,250	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	610	655	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,415	8,900	10,515	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	76,815	33,930	42,890	35	20	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	325	305	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,175	510	660	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,705	1,700	2,000	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,455	620	835	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,615	2,860	3,755	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,290	595	695	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	105	145	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	35	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	520	675	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	550	285	260	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	25	10	10	72,900	32,140	40,755	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	225	235	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	875	1,100	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,105	1,065	1,035	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	330	300	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	70	90	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	275	205	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	260	280	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,600	5,455	5,140	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,100	560	540	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,955	2,035	1,920	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,435	2,275	2,160	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,440	1,295	1,145	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	120	100	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	70	25	50	90	30	60	286,570	140,880	145,685	95	55	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	1,015	855	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	265	200	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	0	0	25	10	15	37,905	17,730	20,175	45	35	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	540	245	295	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	75	95	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	170	205	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	0	0	25	10	15	37,610	17,610	20,005	45	35	20
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	35	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,020	460	560	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,215	1,125	1,090	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	160	175	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,380	4,430	4,950	0	0	0
Russian	15	0	0	15	0	15	15,410	7,245	8,165	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,725	3,165	3,560	10	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,790	855	935	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,390	1,585	1,805	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,095	1,465	1,630	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,530	715	820	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	130	205	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,845	2,125	2,720	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	275	220	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	135	100	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	95	65	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	0	15	0	0	0	27,795	13,485	14,310	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	55	0	0	0
High German languages	15	0	15	0	0	0	18,325	8,925	9,400	0	0	0
German	15	0	15	0	0	0	17,910	8,715	9,200	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	280	330	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	75	45	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,180	4,120	4,060	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,455	1,270	1,190	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,235	2,625	2,610	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	60	35	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	165	215	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	85	75	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,390	1,100	1,290	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	635	615	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	15	40	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	185	285	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	315	395	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,370	1,185	1,180	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	35	0	30	143,590	72,720	70,870	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	35	0	30	128,685	65,260	63,425	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,180	3,115	3,065	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,255	5,745	5,515	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	25	0	20	45,340	22,980	22,370	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,035	1,300	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	215	250	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,295	1,185	1,110	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,010	1,565	1,450	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	45	55	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	50	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,525	34,920	33,610	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	685	385	300	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	700	750	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	15	0	10	31,710	16,195	15,515	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,400	750	650	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,245	8,665	8,570	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	720	705	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,985	1,510	1,475	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,270	6,700	6,570	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,765	2,320	2,440	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,985	3,590	3,390	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	895	820	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	75	80	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	75	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	20	30	25	10	15	80,155	38,210	41,945	40	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	45	65	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,805	4,810	4,985	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,925	3,405	3,515	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,990	3,045	2,950	0	0	0
Spanish	30	10	20	10	0	10	60,770	28,640	32,125	35	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	90	50	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,255	2,315	2,945	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,375	5,785	6,590	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	300	345	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	15	0	0	0	0	18,385	9,360	9,025	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,400	720	680	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	190	170	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	55	60	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	120	70	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,040	1,595	1,450	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	140	155	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	190	215	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	150	120	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	90	80	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	75	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	325	345	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,435	1,805	1,630	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	145	105	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,365	3,135	3,225	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,555	1,280	1,275	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	965	935	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	455	405	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	200	240	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	315	295	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	95	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	785	1,430	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,875	645	1,230	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	185	215	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	15	0	15	82,875	39,220	43,660	30	20	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	0	15	81,080	38,330	42,750	30	20	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	0	15	46,460	21,635	24,825	15	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,045	1,340	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	140	195	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,910	20,105	22,800	25	15	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	420	460	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	895	925	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	70	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	190	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	145	150	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	50	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	395	370	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	70	90	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	40	65	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,900	780	1,120	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	685	350	330	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	505	850	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,545	1,855	1,695	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	550	285	270	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	75	95	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,625	1,470	1,155	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	30	80	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	80	105	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	0	10	4,400	2,050	2,350	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	70	95	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	210	230	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	0	3,810	1,780	2,030	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	295	235	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	410	180	230	515	265	250	1,571,935	782,265	789,665	760	400	360
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	25	0	20	25	0	20	53,700	25,250	28,450	30	20	15
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	20	0	15	25	0	20	51,520	24,220	27,300	30	20	15
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	20	0	10	22,470	10,235	12,230	0	0	0
Métis	10	0	10	10	0	10	28,475	13,685	14,790	10	0	10
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	290	280	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,130	525	610	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	505	540	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	385	180	210	490	260	230	1,518,235	757,015	761,220	730	380	350
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	410	180	230	515	265	250	1,571,935	782,265	789,665	760	400	360
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	15	0	15	20	0	15	17,145	7,900	9,240	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	395	180	215	495	260	235	1,554,790	774,360	780,425	755	390	360
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	225	...	...	330	...	...	604,630	...	...	310	...	...
Owner	125	...	...	0	...	...	431,680	...	...	210	...	...
Renter	105	...	...	330	...	...	172,945	...	...	100	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	225	...	...	330	...	...	604,630	...	...	310	...	...
Condominium	95	...	...	0	...	...	138,505	...	...	15	...	...
Not condominium	130	...	...	330	...	...	466,125	...	...	300	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	225	...	...	330	...	...	604,630	...	...	310	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	3,180	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	20	...	...	240	...	...	63,480	...	...	25	...	...
2 bedrooms	120	...	...	85	...	...	132,670	...	...	20	...	...
3 bedrooms	50	...	...	0	...	...	208,570	...	...	155	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	35	...	...	0	...	...	196,735	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	225	...	...	330	...	...	604,630	...	...	310	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	80	...	...	310	...	...	168,320	...	...	35	...	...
5 rooms	45	...	...	20	...	...	92,700	...	...	40	...	...
6 rooms	20	...	...	0	...	...	85,005	...	...	70	...	...
7 rooms	20	...	...	0	...	...	74,790	...	...	60	...	...
8 or more rooms	60	...	...	0	...	...	183,815	...	...	105	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...	3.2	...	...	6.3	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	225	...	...	330	...	...	604,630	...	...	310	...	...
One person or fewer per room	225	...	...	320	...	...	587,240	...	...	310	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	10	...	...	17,390	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	225	...	...	330	...	...	604,630	...	...	310	...	...
Suitable	225	...	...	300	...	...	576,220	...	...	310	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	35	...	...	28,410	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	225	...	...	330	...	...	604,630	...	...	310	...	...
1960 or before	45	...	...	25	...	...	48,925	...	...	45	...	...
1961 to 1980	75	...	...	265	...	...	146,775	...	...	35	...	...
1981 to 1990	15	...	...	20	...	...	67,920	...	...	30	...	...
1991 to 2000	55	...	...	15	...	...	93,515	...	...	20	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	0	...	...	63,060	...	...	25	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...	0	...	...	64,550	...	...	50	...	...
2011 to 2015	20	...	...	0	...	...	62,005	...	...	85	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	57,870	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	225	...	...	330	...	...	604,630	...	...	310	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	200	...	...	320	...	...	578,295	...	...	295	...	...
Major repairs needed	25	...	...	10	...	...	26,340	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	225	...	...	330	...	...	604,630	...	...	310	...	...
One-maintainer household	110	...	...	220	...	...	286,505	...	...	175	...	...
Two-maintainer household	115	...	...	105	...	...	282,890	...	...	135	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	0	...	...	35,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	225	...	...	330	...	...	604,630	...	...	310	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	55	...	...	15,275	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	50	...	...	90	...	...	95,360	...	...	40	...	...
35 to 44 years	60	...	...	45	...	...	132,875	...	...	75	...	...
45 to 54 years	40	...	...	45	...	...	121,200	...	...	85	...	...
55 to 64 years	35	...	...	40	...	...	114,325	...	...	45	...	...
65 to 74 years	25	...	...	40	...	...	78,705	...	...	50	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	10	...	...	34,680	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	12,200	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	225	...	...	320	...	...	599,605	...	...	305	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	170	...	...	150	...	...	466,085	...	...	240	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	55	...	...	165	...	...	133,520	...	...	70	...	...
30% to less than 100%	45	...	...	140	...	...	119,800	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	225	...	...	335	...	...	604,630	...	...	310	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	75	...	...	200	...	...	174,520	...	...	90	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	45	...	...	155	...	...	121,340	...	...	65	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	20	...	...	22,225	...	...	0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	20	...	...	10	...	...	17,480	...	...	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	4,610	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0	...	...	7,285	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,295	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	280	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	155	...	...	135	...	...	430,110	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	215	...	...	290	...	...	585,885	...	...	295	...	...
In core need	25	...	...	75	...	...	55,440	...	...	20	...	...
Not in core need	190	...	...	220	...	...	530,445	...	...	280	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	125	...	...	0	...	...	429,490	...	...	215	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	64.0	...	...	...	...	...	65.7	...	...	69.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	...	...	...	17.4	...	...	26.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	...	...	...	5.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,900	...	...	...	...	...	1,740	...	...	2,500	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,800	...	...	...	...	...	1,792	...	...	2,480	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	536,000	...	...	...	...	...	452,000	...	...	900,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	560,000	...	...	...	...	...	529,500	...	...	970,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	100	...	...	335	...	...	172,840	...	...	105	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	17.9	...	...	8.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	40.0	...	...	53.1	...	...	34.5	...	...	19.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	21.1	...	...	25.9	...	...	20.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,410	...	...	1,030	...	...	1,350	...	...	1,530	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,360	...	...	1,028	...	...	1,414	...	...	1,960	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	410	180	230	520	270	250	1,571,935	782,270	789,670	760	395	365
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	10	0	10	25	10	10	17,860	8,295	9,570	10	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	10	0	10	25	10	10	17,385	8,070	9,315	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	10	0	10	25	10	10	11,610	5,320	6,285	10	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,625	2,660	2,960	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	85	65	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	210	250	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,230	22,330	24,905	40	25	15
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,875	21,725	24,145	40	25	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,470	12,020	13,445	15	0	10
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,960	9,480	10,475	25	20	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	230	225	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	600	760	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,230	550	680	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	395	175	215	490	260	230	1,506,840	751,645	755,195	710	370	345
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	410	180	230	515	270	250	1,571,935	782,265	789,670	765	400	365
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	360	140	220	385	205	185	1,397,315	698,330	698,985	690	360	330
Canadian citizens aged under 18	20	0	15	45	30	15	325,765	167,940	157,820	165	90	75
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	340	135	210	345	175	170	1,071,555	530,390	541,165	525	275	255
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	45	40	10	130	65	65	174,615	83,940	90,680	70	35	30
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	410	180	230	515	270	250	1,571,935	782,265	789,670	765	400	365
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	320	125	200	285	155	130	1,069,940	539,680	530,260	565	275	290
Immigrants⁸¹	60	35	20	165	80	90	473,580	227,640	245,935	180	110	70
Before 1980	10	0	10	20	15	0	56,750	27,435	29,320	55	35	20
1980 to 1990	0	0	0	10	10	0	44,975	21,950	23,020	10	10	0
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	10	10	0	67,220	32,280	34,935	20	10	10
2001 to 2010	10	10	0	35	10	30	127,170	61,140	66,030	30	20	10
2011 to 2021⁸²	25	20	10	90	35	50	177,465	84,835	92,630	65	35	30
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	35	10	30	89,810	43,015	46,795	25	15	10
2016 to 2021	20	15	0	55	30	25	87,650	41,815	45,835	40	20	20
Non-permanent residents⁸³	30	20	10	65	35	35	28,410	14,945	13,470	10	10	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	55	35	25	165	80	90	473,580	227,640	245,935	185	115	70
Under 5 years	0	0	0	10	0	0	41,205	20,985	20,220	25	20	0
5 to 14 years	10	0	0	15	10	0	79,795	41,370	38,425	45	30	15
15 to 24 years	20	10	10	25	10	20	82,830	37,905	44,930	35	20	15
25 to 44 years	30	25	0	115	55	60	223,080	105,885	117,190	70	40	30
45 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,670	21,495	25,170	15	0	10
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	55	35	25	165	80	90	473,580	227,640	245,935	185	115	70
Americas	0	0	0	25	25	0	50,280	23,315	26,970	35	25	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,205	965	1,245	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,240	2,860	3,380	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,755	1,300	1,455	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	375	430	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0	565	320	250	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	1,735	1,870	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,810	2,930	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	515	625	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	720	750	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,395	5,940	7,455	15	15	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,355	5,775	6,585	0	0	0
Europe	35	20	15	20	10	10	83,855	41,815	42,040	70	40	30
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,225	1,075	1,145	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	705	800	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,455	735	720	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,175	2,815	3,355	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	955	505	450	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,780	865	915	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,430	1,805	1,625	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,730	1,920	1,805	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,520	3,025	3,495	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,180	610	575	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,435	2,225	2,210	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,540	1,930	2,610	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,060	505	560	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,355	1,510	1,845	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,675	14,575	13,095	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	10	0	10	13,840	7,005	6,835	20	10	0
Africa	0	0	0	50	25	30	55,355	27,975	27,385	15	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	650	320	330	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	445	455	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,500	1,840	1,665	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	30	10	20	4,785	2,505	2,280	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	15	0	10	7,180	3,485	3,700	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	485	460	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,365	6,835	6,530	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	780	815	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,010	2,070	1,940	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,410	9,205	9,210	0	0	0
Asia	10	10	0	65	15	45	279,930	132,545	147,390	60	30	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,275	2,115	2,160	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,720	2,990	2,730	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,070	2,070	2,000	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,455	2,410	2,050	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,455	2,320	2,130	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	545	555	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	15	0	15	36,925	16,915	20,015	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,965	5,240	5,725	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,690	4,045	4,645	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	935	1,270	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	35	15	20	71,315	31,605	39,715	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,350	7,325	9,030	15	10	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,630	1,845	1,785	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	10	61,580	30,730	30,850	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	10	19,425	9,810	9,615	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,035	1,005	1,025	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,735	10,640	12,090	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,150	2,000	2,150	10	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	25	15	0	55	30	25	87,650	41,815	45,830	35	20	20
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,535	3,935	4,595	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	915	390	525	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	265	410	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	45	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	260	295	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	760	715	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,490	1,160	1,330	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	915	400	515	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	645	770	0	0	0
Europe	15	10	0	15	0	15	7,510	3,815	3,695	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	115	130	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	130	150	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	320	170	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	175	115	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	245	445	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	340	425	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	1,000	825	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	15	0	15	2,930	1,485	1,445	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	30	20	10	15,820	7,845	7,980	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	15	50	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	190	235	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	80	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	300	310	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	20	15	0	2,545	1,340	1,205	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,855	885	965	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	105	125	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,175	3,045	3,130	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	140	170	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	830	440	385	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	220	235	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	65	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,965	970	1,000	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,100	25,850	29,250	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	865	415	455	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	640	315	325	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,625	2,440	3,180	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	120	195	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,870	7,455	7,420	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	415	450	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	955	450	510	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	195	155	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	25	150	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,825	780	1,050	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	220	235	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	550	280	265	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,145	1,245	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,470	7,940	9,535	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	160	105	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	100	85	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,645	1,490	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	175	225	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	205	170	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	320	660	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,240	955	1,290	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	375	310	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	255	230	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	125	85	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	410	180	230	515	265	250	1,571,935	782,265	789,665	760	400	360
First generation¹⁰⁰	95	55	40	240	115	120	518,345	251,010	267,335	215	125	85
Second generation¹⁰¹	45	25	20	110	75	40	329,675	166,505	163,165	140	85	55
Third generation or more¹⁰²	270	100	170	165	80	90	723,920	364,750	359,170	415	190	225
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	45	40	10	150	65	85	416,830	200,210	216,615	130	80	50
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	35	25	10	55	15	40	235,880	118,150	117,730	95	55	40
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	25	15	10	25	0	20	95,815	58,035	37,780	20	10	0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	10	10	0	25	0	20	140,065	60,120	79,950	80	45	35
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	10	10	0	55	30	15	117,720	48,395	69,330	25	20	0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	40	20	25	58,995	31,595	27,395	10	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,230	2,070	2,165	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	45	40	10	150	65	85	416,830	200,210	216,615	130	80	50
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,765	8,620	6,145	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	0	0	0	30	15	15	53,180	23,440	29,750	15	10	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,665	5,460	5,205	10	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	10	0	10	0	10	23,590	12,265	11,320	10	10	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,565	670	895	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	25	25	0	100	45	55	313,060	149,760	163,300	90	60	30
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	410	180	230	515	265	250	1,571,935	782,265	789,665	760	400	360
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	80	55	25	215	100	110	575,650	282,735	292,910	125	85	40
South Asian	0	0	0	35	10	30	154,385	78,430	75,955	15	10	0
Chinese	25	15	15	15	0	15	93,975	45,570	48,410	35	25	10
Black	25	20	0	85	50	40	76,470	38,665	37,800	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	30	15	20	92,235	42,365	49,880	40	25	15
Arab	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,660	17,235	15,425	0	0	0
Latin American	0	0	0	10	0	0	35,155	16,925	18,235	15	10	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,720	13,405	15,310	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,765	8,040	7,720	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	15	0	13,150	6,285	6,865	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,455	2,780	3,675	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,845	2,855	2,985	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,840	10,195	10,645	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	330	125	205	305	165	135	996,285	499,530	496,755	635	310	325
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	410	180	230	515	265	250	1,571,935	782,265	789,670	760	400	365
Canadian	50	30	20	20	15	0	168,075	87,325	80,750	65	40	25
English	105	30	70	50	35	15	276,300	136,835	139,465	205	85	120
Irish	105	40	70	65	45	20	202,260	98,040	104,225	160	60	100
Scottish	145	35	105	75	45	35	235,385	115,820	119,575	215	85	130
French, n.o.s.¹²²	45	20	25	15	10	0	104,160	50,935	53,225	80	60	20
German	85	50	35	75	25	45	197,770	97,860	99,910	155	80	75
Chinese	25	15	10	15	0	15	99,705	48,045	51,650	30	25	10
Italian	0	0	0	20	10	10	44,840	22,330	22,510	30	15	15
Indian (India)	0	0	0	20	0	15	77,900	39,545	38,355	15	15	0
Ukrainian	20	10	0	35	20	15	89,615	43,675	45,940	40	10	30
Dutch	20	0	15	30	20	0	53,665	26,510	27,155	15	10	10
Polish	0	0	0	15	0	0	53,675	25,885	27,790	15	15	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,965	990	970	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	10	10	0	15	10	0	53,825	27,135	26,690	30	15	15
Filipino	0	0	0	60	40	20	86,850	40,140	46,710	35	20	15
French Canadian	10	10	0	0	0	0	11,575	5,740	5,835	10	10	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,685	13,810	12,875	35	10	25
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,785	7,425	8,360	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,350	12,945	14,410	20	15	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,815	14,565	14,250	0	0	0
Russian	20	0	15	20	10	10	36,090	16,840	19,255	0	0	0
Norwegian	25	10	15	0	0	0	44,865	21,320	23,545	30	25	10
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	0	27,905	13,365	14,540	25	0	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,110	4,060	4,045	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	30	20	10	23,975	11,565	12,415	35	10	25
Spanish	20	10	10	0	0	0	19,620	9,075	10,545	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	0	0	0	0	28,290	13,540	14,750	25	10	10
Hungarian	15	10	10	10	0	0	20,785	10,045	10,740	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,780	1,900	1,885	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	10	0	10	24,175	12,270	11,905	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,105	7,435	7,670	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	10	0	0	7,450	3,730	3,715	10	10	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,085	10,145	9,940	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,750	10,685	12,065	15	10	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,200	5,995	5,205	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,530	3,370	3,160	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,875	3,435	3,435	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,680	7,485	8,200	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,710	3,385	4,325	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	15	0	13,215	6,260	6,955	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,805	6,050	6,760	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,885	6,725	6,160	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,415	3,295	3,120	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,800	2,855	2,945	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,915	9,935	9,980	10	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	10	0	10	5,325	2,530	2,795	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,100	8,300	7,800	0	0	0
Austrian	15	0	15	0	0	0	13,225	6,465	6,765	25	10	20
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,255	3,475	3,780	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	10	0	1,120	570	555	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,050	4,560	4,490	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	10	0	0	9,145	4,490	4,655	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,145	2,565	2,580	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,075	3,960	4,115	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,840	3,325	3,515	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,095	1,040	1,050	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,125	3,000	3,125	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,860	3,910	4,950	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,040	2,520	2,525	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,845	905	945	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,605	4,150	4,455	10	0	10
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,465	3,345	3,120	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,945	2,630	2,310	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,575	3,255	3,320	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	760	690	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,935	4,120	3,825	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,755	3,225	3,535	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	470	505	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,875	3,870	4,010	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,405	2,245	2,160	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,350	665	680	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,890	3,395	3,495	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,735	1,435	1,305	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,345	1,585	1,760	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	725	715	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,060	1,090	965	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,025	1,955	2,070	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,420	635	785	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,845	1,525	1,320	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,805	900	910	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	1,525	1,235	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	370	355	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,675	1,870	1,800	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	335	330	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,835	1,375	1,460	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,720	4,460	4,265	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	535	495	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,430	2,200	2,225	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,085	1,440	1,645	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,855	1,485	1,370	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	960	1,295	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,140	1,520	1,620	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,660	1,315	1,345	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	590	500	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,945	1,855	2,090	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,805	1,480	1,330	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,435	720	710	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	245	320	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	430	540	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,420	1,080	1,345	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,795	1,905	1,890	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,840	1,970	1,870	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,875	1,025	845	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,325	1,765	1,560	10	10	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,100	515	580	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	515	565	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	25	15	0	6,810	3,265	3,545	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,515	1,690	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,605	775	830	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,565	2,825	2,740	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,140	1,060	1,075	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	235	195	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,920	1,065	855	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	745	370	380	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	235	255	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	900	915	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,440	1,165	1,275	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	215	320	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,790	925	860	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	40	10	30	5,425	2,745	2,680	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	565	530	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,175	610	565	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	650	375	275	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,390	1,215	1,175	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	670	720	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,585	3,815	3,775	10	0	10
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,535	790	745	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	755	380	380	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	555	590	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,370	725	645	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	755	695	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	425	465	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	1,030	1,140	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,180	1,520	1,670	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	15	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	605	625	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	615	630	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,060	545	520	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,380	655	730	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	865	955	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,165	575	590	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,705	1,255	1,450	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	505	515	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	370	290	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	220	200	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	100	50	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	625	625	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,175	565	610	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	555	565	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	590	660	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,575	785	780	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	490	450	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	230	225	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,395	430	965	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,340	1,200	1,135	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	225	205	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,480	1,820	1,665	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	15	0	15	855	420	440	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	105	125	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,810	770	1,035	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	615	525	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	145	170	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	705	670	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,640	1,275	1,370	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	190	340	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,260	615	650	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	125	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	250	250	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	55	60	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,630	765	865	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	515	555	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	115	65	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,285	655	630	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	150	180	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	70	110	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	75	100	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,275	1,240	1,035	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	990	465	525	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	210	275	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	565	570	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	105	125	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	240	240	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	360	340	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	120	110	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	150	130	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	100	150	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	380	295	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	80	85	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	265	310	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	360	320	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	150	200	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	325	335	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	75	85	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	80	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	220	310	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	100	130	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	100	35	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	350	320	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	45	85	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	865	440	420	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	370	485	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	195	180	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	210	195	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	415	385	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	345	430	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	285	310	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	470	545	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	70	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	100	65	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	175	190	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	875	695	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	440	400	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	295	300	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	40	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	265	190	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	95	105	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	160	200	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	210	140	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,195	560	635	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	50	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	40	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	85	70	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	110	175	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	130	150	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	80	80	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	145	120	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	110	130	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	115	90	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	405	415	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	135	210	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	195	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	370	295	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	130	145	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	440	385	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	35	90	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	410	180	230	520	270	250	1,571,935	782,265	789,670	760	400	360
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,425	9,955	12,470	0	0	0
Christian	185	85	105	255	135	125	713,465	336,705	376,760	395	210	185
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	45	15	25	75	40	40	153,665	73,675	79,985	95	50	45
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,730	1,325	1,405	0	0	0
Anglican	10	0	0	10	0	0	35,625	16,415	19,210	45	25	15
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,480	6,660	7,815	0	0	0
Catholic	70	40	30	115	50	65	312,410	149,290	163,120	195	115	85
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,935	12,595	13,340	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,765	3,065	3,695	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,890	6,525	7,365	0	0	0
Lutheran	15	0	15	0	0	0	19,790	8,955	10,835	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,670	1,655	2,015	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,325	8,180	9,145	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,200	4,585	5,615	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	950	930	0	0	0
United Church	20	0	10	15	10	0	51,720	22,415	29,305	15	0	15
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	30	10	20	0	0	0	43,375	20,405	22,970	15	0	15
Hindu	0	0	0	20	0	15	35,335	18,180	17,155	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,820	3,305	3,515	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	20	15	0	101,285	51,675	49,610	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,230	28,325	27,905	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	550	960	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	10	0	0	10	0	0	11,305	4,775	6,530	10	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	210	95	120	210	115	95	623,560	328,795	294,765	335	175	165
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	405	180	230	510	260	250	1,555,360	773,705	781,660	750	395	360
Non-movers	330	140	195	355	195	155	1,345,810	669,430	676,380	635	340	300
Movers	75	40	35	160	70	90	209,550	104,275	105,275	115	60	60
Non-migrants	55	20	35	120	55	60	147,415	73,505	73,910	110	55	60
Migrants	20	15	0	40	10	30	62,135	30,765	31,365	0	0	0
Internal migrants	20	15	0	20	0	15	47,380	23,440	23,940	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	10	0	0	28,075	13,860	14,215	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	15	15	0	0	0	0	19,305	9,580	9,725	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	25	0	15	14,755	7,325	7,430	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	410	175	230	480	240	245	1,482,335	736,360	745,975	710	375	340
Non-movers	140	55	90	130	70	60	863,155	429,060	434,095	360	200	155
Movers	265	120	140	355	165	185	619,175	307,300	311,880	350	170	180
Non-migrants	190	90	105	165	75	90	363,260	181,560	181,700	285	135	155
Migrants	75	40	35	185	95	90	255,920	125,740	130,180	65	30	30
Internal migrants	55	25	25	95	50	45	177,420	87,415	90,005	20	10	20
Intraprovincial migrants	30	15	20	55	30	25	112,590	55,855	56,735	15	0	10
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	0	45	20	25	64,830	31,560	33,270	0	0	0
External migrants	25	10	10	90	45	45	78,500	38,320	40,180	45	30	15
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	390	175	215	470	240	230	1,278,375	631,155	647,215	615	315	300
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	25	15	15	45	20	20	182,850	95,955	86,895	50	30	25
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	365	160	200	425	220	205	1,095,525	535,200	560,320	565	290	275
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	305	145	160	320	165	150	886,650	437,700	448,950	450	225	225
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	10	0	0	20	10	10	79,025	43,715	35,310	0	0	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	295	140	155	295	155	140	807,620	393,985	413,640	445	225	220
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	390	175	215	470	240	230	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	610	315	300
No certificate, diploma or degree	15	10	10	45	15	25	163,710	84,360	79,350	50	25	25
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	115	65	50	175	100	75	339,400	169,445	169,950	90	35	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	255	100	155	255	120	135	775,265	377,350	397,915	470	250	225
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	85	35	45	110	55	50	348,595	174,345	174,250	100	40	60
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	20	0	25	20	0	84,805	63,760	21,050	15	10	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	15	15	0	29,285	16,610	12,680	10	0	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	20	0	10	10	0	55,525	47,150	8,375	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	40	0	30	70	40	35	221,065	92,585	128,480	60	25	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	15	15	15	0	15	42,725	18,000	24,720	20	0	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	175	65	110	145	70	85	426,670	203,005	223,660	370	210	165
Bachelor's degree	130	45	85	125	50	75	294,610	137,240	157,375	260	135	125
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	0	0	0	22,475	10,080	12,390	15	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,785	5,050	5,735	15	0	15
Master's degree	35	10	25	15	10	0	86,005	42,875	43,130	85	65	25
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,795	7,765	5,030	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	300	140	160	320	170	150	886,650	437,700	448,950	455	225	230
No certificate, diploma or degree	0	0	0	20	15	10	66,625	36,450	30,175	0	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	75	40	35	85	55	35	197,715	102,665	95,045	65	30	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	215	90	125	210	100	110	622,315	298,585	323,730	380	195	185
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	65	30	30	85	40	45	266,590	133,640	132,950	70	25	45
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	15	15	0	15	0	0	63,270	48,090	15,175	10	0	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	10	0	0	20,715	12,025	8,685	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	15	0	0	0	0	42,560	36,060	6,495	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	25	0	20	60	25	30	170,270	71,565	98,700	45	20	25
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	10	10	10	0	10	33,050	13,985	19,070	15	0	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	150	60	95	125	65	65	355,720	164,940	190,775	310	170	140
Bachelor's degree	115	45	70	105	55	55	244,340	111,530	132,810	210	95	110
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	0	0	0	17,980	7,805	10,175	10	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,185	4,015	5,170	10	0	10
Master's degree	35	15	20	15	10	0	74,335	35,965	38,370	75	60	20
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,880	5,625	4,255	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	390	175	210	470	240	230	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	610	315	295
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	130	75	55	210	115	100	503,110	253,805	249,305	140	65	80
Education	20	0	20	0	0	0	46,605	10,200	36,405	30	10	20
13. Education	20	0	20	0	0	0	46,605	10,200	36,405	30	10	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	10	0	0	23,385	9,460	13,925	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,560	1,930	630	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	10	0	0	20,825	7,530	13,295	10	0	10
Humanities	0	0	0	15	10	0	34,000	12,365	21,635	35	15	20
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,675	735	2,940	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,415	1,915	5,495	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,560	4,095	7,460	10	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	185	340	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,255	1,065	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,860	2,195	1,665	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,810	1,820	1,990	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	830	165	665	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	25	20	30	10	25	83,860	28,790	55,065	100	45	60
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,155	220	930	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	10	0	10	11,400	4,015	7,380	20	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0	9,690	735	8,955	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	0	0	0	15,515	5,275	10,245	20	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,605	560	1,045	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,800	3,115	10,680	15	10	10
45. Social sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0	30,700	14,865	15,830	50	25	30
Business, management and public administration	85	35	45	70	30	45	177,710	75,825	101,885	110	75	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	60	120	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	0	0	0	8,595	1,605	6,995	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	70	30	40	70	30	45	168,935	74,160	94,770	110	75	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	0	20	35	10	25	39,940	20,670	19,265	35	15	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	20	0	15	13,395	5,160	8,240	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,180	3,785	4,395	20	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	260	410	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0	16,065	10,835	5,225	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,630	635	995	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	10	10	10	0	36,465	23,975	12,485	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,070	21,020	9,055	0	0	0
25. Library science	10	0	10	0	0	0	1,630	200	1,430	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,030	2,275	1,755	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	485	250	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	40	30	10	45	35	10	173,505	149,155	24,355	85	70	10
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,470	4,065	2,410	0	0	0
14. Engineering	15	10	0	15	0	10	66,620	53,075	13,545	50	40	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	25	25	0	38,240	31,740	6,500	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	0	0	0	0	0	28,060	27,225	835	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	22,210	21,530	675	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	10	10	0	11,885	11,515	375	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,905	7,900	8,005	10	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,210	5,025	5,180	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,695	2,870	2,825	10	10	0
Health and related fields	30	0	20	25	10	20	111,080	22,865	88,215	55	0	50
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,155	4,305	4,845	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	25	0	20	25	10	20	98,680	16,900	81,780	45	0	40
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,060	1,580	1,485	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0	20	10	10	32,595	16,030	16,565	10	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	15	0	10	20,215	6,265	13,950	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	130	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	145	25	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,150	4,050	2,095	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,925	5,440	480	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	115	110	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	300	140	160	320	165	150	886,650	437,700	448,950	450	225	225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	80	45	35	105	65	45	264,340	139,115	125,220	70	30	40
Education	20	0	15	0	0	0	33,450	6,965	26,475	10	0	0
13. Education	20	0	15	0	0	0	33,450	6,965	26,475	10	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,955	7,590	11,360	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,900	1,360	540	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,045	6,230	10,815	0	0	0
Humanities	0	0	0	10	15	0	26,945	9,460	17,490	30	15	15
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,000	580	2,425	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,035	1,555	4,480	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,440	3,220	6,225	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	130	260	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	985	875	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,680	1,520	1,160	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,930	1,365	1,565	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	105	490	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	35	15	20	20	10	15	69,810	23,220	46,590	80	25	50
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	200	775	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	0	0	0	10,005	3,400	6,605	20	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0	7,720	535	7,185	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	0	0	0	12,925	4,080	8,840	20	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,335	455	885	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	10	0	0	11,190	2,390	8,800	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,655	12,155	13,505	35	15	30
Business, management and public administration	70	35	30	70	30	40	145,930	61,450	84,480	95	70	25
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	45	85	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	0	0	0	6,965	1,215	5,750	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	55	30	30	70	30	40	138,835	60,195	78,640	95	70	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	0	20	25	10	15	30,605	14,930	15,680	35	15	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	15	0	10	10,695	3,995	6,695	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,400	2,855	3,545	20	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	215	340	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0	11,875	7,435	4,435	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	425	660	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,330	20,720	10,615	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,680	18,555	8,125	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	135	900	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,015	1,650	1,365	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	380	225	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	30	20	10	30	25	10	138,260	116,630	21,630	60	45	15
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,185	3,050	2,130	0	0	0
14. Engineering	15	10	0	15	0	10	55,310	43,055	12,260	40	30	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	15	0	30,335	24,710	5,630	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	0	0	0	0	0	21,755	21,035	720	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	16,875	16,295	580	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,785	8,485	305	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,720	5,985	6,735	10	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,810	3,590	4,220	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,910	2,395	2,515	10	10	0
Health and related fields	20	0	20	25	10	15	88,715	18,735	69,980	55	0	45
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,355	3,465	3,885	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	0	15	25	10	15	78,745	14,010	64,730	40	0	40
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	60	80	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,480	1,195	1,280	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0	15	0	10	25,425	12,820	12,610	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	15	0	10	15,385	4,880	10,500	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	90	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	80	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,140	3,420	1,725	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,710	4,340	370	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	75	95	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	300	140	160	320	165	150	886,650	437,700	448,950	450	225	225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	80	45	35	105	65	45	264,340	139,115	125,220	70	30	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	220	95	125	210	105	110	622,310	298,585	323,730	380	195	185
Location of study inside Canada	175	65	110	130	55	75	455,590	220,680	234,910	315	160	150
Same as province or territory of residence	115	45	70	80	30	50	328,175	157,540	170,630	225	120	110
Different than province or territory of residence	55	20	40	50	25	25	127,410	63,135	64,275	80	40	40
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	45	25	15	80	50	35	166,725	77,905	88,820	70	35	35
Americas	15	10	0	25	20	10	28,670	14,305	14,360	25	15	15
United States of America	10	0	0	15	0	0	17,465	9,425	8,040	25	10	15
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,065	1,345	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	145	110	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	30	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	215	255	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,670	690	980	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,125	915	1,210	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	155	250	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,850	780	1,070	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	870	1,075	0	0	0
Europe	25	20	0	0	0	0	29,575	15,435	14,145	35	20	15
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	130	90	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	630	595	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,235	645	590	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	430	370	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	220	190	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	180	205	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	630	295	335	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,485	575	905	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	1,020	855	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	955	1,280	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,605	745	865	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	570	355	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,725	6,495	5,220	20	15	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	185	155	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	210	140	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	180	190	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	10	0	0	0	0	3,760	1,955	1,805	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	15	10	0	13,270	6,695	6,570	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,375	2,590	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	170	170	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	220	200	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,670	860	810	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,690	855	840	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0	3,985	2,105	1,880	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	35	20	20	91,990	39,695	52,295	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,010	1,145	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	450	465	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	230	195	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	640	300	335	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	380	355	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	235	160	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,260	5,010	6,250	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	145	440	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	805	315	495	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	275	770	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,925	1,615	2,305	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	20	0	0	30,585	12,115	18,470	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	335	520	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,405	540	870	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	250	235	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,005	11,780	13,225	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,330	2,815	3,520	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,435	1,895	2,540	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,225	1,775	1,450	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,545	1,385	1,160	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	315	240	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	390	175	215	470	240	230	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	610	315	300
In the labour force	320	145	180	320	155	165	882,705	463,170	419,540	455	245	210
Employed	280	120	160	235	125	110	776,015	408,675	367,335	370	195	180
Unemployed	35	15	20	85	35	50	106,695	54,490	52,205	80	50	30
Not in the labour force	70	35	40	155	80	70	395,665	167,985	227,680	160	70	90
Participation rate	82.1	82.9	83.7	68.1	64.6	71.7	69.0	73.4	64.8	74.6	77.8	70.0
Employment rate	71.8	68.6	74.4	50.0	52.1	47.8	60.7	64.8	56.8	60.7	61.9	60.0
Unemployment rate	10.9	10.3	11.1	26.6	22.6	30.3	12.1	11.8	12.4	17.6	20.4	14.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	390	175	210	470	240	230	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	610	315	295
Did not work¹⁸⁶	80	45	30	205	120	85	422,665	183,645	239,020	185	85	100
Worked	310	130	180	265	125	145	855,710	447,510	408,200	430	230	200
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	185	65	115	105	50	50	450,195	257,535	192,655	235	135	110
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	130	60	60	160	70	95	405,520	189,970	215,550	190	100	90
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.8	36.8	43.6	38.4	39.2	37.6	40.7	41.5	39.8	39.3	40.4	38.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	320	140	175	320	155	160	882,710	463,165	419,540	450	240	210
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	0	20	0	10	29,010	14,020	14,995	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	305	130	175	300	155	150	853,695	449,150	404,550	445	240	205
Employee	245	100	140	255	110	145	715,140	365,090	350,050	330	170	155
Permanent position	205	80	130	185	80	105	600,125	311,480	288,645	285	150	130
Temporary position	40	25	15	70	30	40	115,020	53,615	61,405	50	20	30
Fixed term (1 year or more)	15	0	10	30	10	20	37,760	16,790	20,970	15	10	0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	25	20	0	40	15	20	77,260	36,820	40,435	35	10	20
Self-employed¹⁹²	60	25	30	45	40	0	138,550	84,060	54,500	120	70	50
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	320	140	175	320	155	160	882,710	463,165	419,540	450	240	210
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	0	20	0	10	29,010	14,020	14,995	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	305	130	175	300	155	150	853,695	449,150	404,550	445	240	205
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	10	0	0	0	0	0	11,440	8,585	2,850	15	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	65	20	50	50	20	30	161,170	53,245	107,930	105	55	55
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35	25	10	10	10	0	94,565	72,340	22,225	45	35	10
3 Health occupations	20	0	15	15	0	15	69,305	13,810	55,490	45	0	45
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	45	15	30	10	0	10	92,850	30,655	62,195	75	35	35
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	0	10	0	0	0	24,120	10,450	13,675	20	10	10
6 Sales and service occupations	85	40	45	135	50	85	209,115	94,840	114,280	90	60	35
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	30	30	0	50	50	0	147,375	132,085	15,290	40	35	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	10	0	0	18,195	14,065	4,130	10	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	10	10	0	25,565	19,070	6,490	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	320	140	175	320	155	160	882,710	463,165	419,540	450	240	210
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	0	20	0	10	29,010	14,020	14,995	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	305	130	175	300	155	150	853,695	449,150	404,550	445	240	205
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,270	5,105	3,165	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	0	15	0	0	0	39,750	26,465	13,290	25	15	10
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,285	6,785	3,500	15	10	10
23 Construction	25	15	10	25	25	0	75,665	63,720	11,945	30	20	10
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	15	15	0	41,545	30,255	11,295	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	10	10	0	27,195	18,765	8,430	15	15	0
44-45 Retail trade	35	15	15	45	0	40	96,885	46,555	50,330	45	30	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	10	10	0	56,135	40,670	15,470	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	0	15	0	10	14,840	8,750	6,090	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	10	10	0	0	0	0	30,760	13,930	16,825	25	15	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	10	0	0	0	16,935	9,445	7,485	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	40	20	25	20	15	10	96,185	55,190	40,995	75	45	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,660	1,210	1,450	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	45	30	10	37,790	21,285	16,510	25	15	10
61 Educational services	25	10	15	0	0	0	55,510	16,805	38,700	20	15	10
62 Health care and social assistance	40	10	30	45	10	35	107,190	20,475	86,720	50	0	45
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	10	0	0	17,830	8,980	8,850	15	0	15
72 Accommodation and food services	40	20	20	40	20	15	49,900	22,440	27,460	25	0	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	0	10	0	0	0	37,065	16,090	20,975	35	15	15
91 Public administration	10	0	0	0	0	0	31,305	16,235	15,075	30	20	15
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	330	145	185	310	155	155	926,320	483,455	442,860	485	265	215
English	310	140	170	295	145	150	878,705	460,305	418,400	480	260	215
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	340	915	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,970	3,525	3,440	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,955	3,525	3,430	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,700	3,085	4,615	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0	0	0	30,355	15,535	14,825	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	340	405	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	325	250	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	330	145	185	310	155	155	926,320	483,455	442,860	485	265	215
Single responses	330	145	185	305	155	150	919,325	479,835	439,490	485	265	215
Official languages	320	140	185	295	145	150	906,220	473,040	433,180	485	265	215
English	320	140	180	295	145	150	903,745	472,395	431,350	485	265	215
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,475	650	1,835	0	0	0
Non-official languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	13,105	6,795	6,310	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	13,090	6,795	6,300	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	250	215	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	170	165	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	330	510	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	320	505	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	290	265	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	260	240	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	5,395	2,930	2,465	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	185	270	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	185	270	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	55	90	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	80	105	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,355	2,015	1,345	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,220	1,960	1,260	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	35	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	80	50	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,745	1,740	1,005	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	95	135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	50	80	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	70	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	50	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	650	780	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	55	30	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	40	30	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	540	715	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	25	75	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	445	365	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,665	2,410	2,255	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,645	2,395	2,245	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,960	995	965	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,650	1,375	1,270	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	40	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,000	3,625	3,375	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	445	555	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,765	3,065	2,695	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	60	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	330	145	185	310	155	155	926,320	483,455	442,860	485	265	215
None	320	140	170	305	145	155	893,045	467,350	425,695	480	260	215
English	10	0	10	0	0	0	6,235	2,990	3,245	0	0	0
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,615	2,385	3,230	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,585	8,825	8,760	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,465	8,780	8,690	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	330	335	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,665	1,335	1,335	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	280	125	160	230	125	110	776,010	408,680	367,335	370	195	180
Worked at home	90	40	55	15	0	10	215,520	105,290	110,230	165	90	75
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	2,095	725	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	35	35	0	45	30	15	113,260	83,885	29,375	25	15	0
Usual place of work	155	55	100	175	85	85	444,410	217,405	227,005	185	80	100
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	155	55	105	175	90	85	444,410	217,405	227,005	180	80	100
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	150	55	105	155	75	80	361,065	170,000	191,065	175	75	100
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,230	37,715	31,505	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,095	7,060	3,035	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	15	10	0	4,020	2,625	1,395	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	195	85	105	215	115	105	557,670	301,290	256,380	210	100	105
Car, truck or van	145	70	75	95	55	40	473,465	261,055	212,410	160	85	80
Car, truck or van - as a driver	135	60	75	80	45	35	441,645	249,990	191,655	145	75	65
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	10	0	15	10	0	31,820	11,060	20,755	15	0	10
Public transit	20	0	15	95	40	50	40,930	17,775	23,165	0	0	0
Walked	20	10	10	25	10	15	22,670	10,345	12,325	20	0	20
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,355	3,240	1,115	0	0	0
Other method	10	0	0	0	0	0	16,245	8,875	7,365	10	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	195	85	105	215	115	105	557,670	301,290	256,380	210	100	105
Less than 15 minutes	65	20	40	60	30	20	128,460	58,155	70,310	75	30	50
15 to 29 minutes	75	35	40	95	45	45	242,460	130,855	111,610	95	60	40
30 to 44 minutes	40	25	15	30	10	20	125,765	75,100	50,660	25	10	15
45 to 59 minutes	10	0	0	10	0	0	31,050	18,505	12,545	10	0	0
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	25	20	0	29,930	18,665	11,265	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	195	85	105	215	115	105	557,670	301,290	256,380	210	100	105
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	15	15	0	37,665	27,280	10,390	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	30	20	15	55	40	15	100,900	63,500	37,400	30	25	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	55	25	30	25	0	20	143,455	75,755	67,700	60	20	40
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	50	15	35	25	0	20	105,095	50,620	54,475	60	25	40
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	40	20	25	55	25	30	79,595	35,415	44,180	25	15	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	20	10	10	40	20	15	90,950	48,715	42,230	25	10	20
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	85	40	40	35	25	10	356,225	183,250	172,980	160	80	75
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	5	5	0	0	0	25,335	12,890	12,445	20	10	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75	40	35	35	25	10	330,890	170,360	160,535	140	75	70
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	45	25	25	10	0	5	259,535	133,590	125,945	110	60	55
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	5	0	0	0	18,890	9,625	9,270	15	5	5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	5	0	0	0	9,575	4,670	4,910	10	10	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,315	4,955	4,360	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	40	20	20	5	0	5	240,640	123,965	116,675	100	55	50

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table