Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062126More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062515More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	580	...	...	6,933	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	318	...	...	2,436	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	284	...	...	2,348	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4,692.6	...	...	693.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.12	...	...	9.99	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	580	300	280	6,935	3,425	3,510
0 to 14 years	85	45	45	1,635	835	805
0 to 4 years	45	25	15	560	300	260
5 to 9 years	25	10	20	595	290	310
10 to 14 years	15	5	5	490	245	240
15 to 64 years	445	235	215	4,895	2,405	2,495
15 to 19 years	30	15	15	355	175	180
20 to 24 years	35	20	15	365	200	170
25 to 29 years	75	35	35	435	205	230
30 to 34 years	80	45	35	705	325	385
35 to 39 years	60	25	35	755	370	390
40 to 44 years	45	25	20	685	355	330
45 to 49 years	30	20	10	545	260	280
50 to 54 years	30	15	15	400	200	200
55 to 59 years	35	15	25	395	195	195
60 to 64 years	30	20	10	255	115	135
65 years and over	45	20	25	395	190	210
65 to 69 years	15	5	10	195	85	105
70 to 74 years	15	10	10	100	50	50
75 to 79 years	5	0	0	60	25	35
80 to 84 years	0	5	0	40	20	20
85 years and over	0	0	0	5	10	0
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	5	5	0
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.7	15.0	16.1	23.6	24.4	22.9
15 to 64 years	76.7	78.3	76.8	70.6	70.2	71.1
65 years and over	7.8	6.7	8.9	5.7	5.5	6.0
85 years and over	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Average age of the population	35.8	35.8	35.8	33.5	33.1	33.9
Median age of the population	34.0	33.6	34.4	34.8	34.4	34.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	285	...	...	2,345	...	...
Single-detached house	75	...	...	1,635	...	...
Semi-detached house	15	...	...	215	...	...
Row house	40	...	...	320	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	15	...	...	35	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	90	...	...	135	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	45	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	285	...	...	2,350	...	...
1 person	105	...	...	350	...	...
2 persons	100	...	...	660	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	505	...	...
4 persons	35	...	...	545	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	290	...	...
Number of persons in private households	580	300	280	6,930	3,425	3,510
Average household size	2.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	495	255	240	5,295	2,590	2,705
Married or living common-law	260	135	125	3,630	1,810	1,820
Married	170	85	85	3,150	1,565	1,580
Living common-law	90	50	45	480	240	240
Living common law - Never married	75	40	35	375	190	180
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	20	10	10
Living common law - Divorced	15	10	10	85	40	45
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	5	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	230	115	110	1,665	785	885
Not married and not living common law - Never married	170	95	75	1,225	640	585
Not married and not living common law - Separated	5	0	5	100	40	55
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	45	20	25	240	80	160
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	10	0	10	105	25	75
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	155	...	...	2,015	...	...
2 persons	90	...	...	760	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	530	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	555	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	170	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	155	...	...	2,015	...	...
Total couple families	130	...	...	1,785	...	...
Married couples	85	...	...	1,545	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...	1,085	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	460	...	...
Common-law couples	45	...	...	240	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	80	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	160	...	...
Total one-parent families	25	...	...	230	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	20	...	...	180	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	580	300	280	6,935	3,425	3,510
Total - Persons in census families	420	210	210	6,240	3,095	3,140
Married spouses or common-law partners	260	130	125	3,565	1,785	1,780
Parents in one-parent families	30	5	20	235	55	175
Children⁶	130	70	65	2,440	1,260	1,185
In a two-parent family	95	50	45	2,090	1,080	1,005
In a one-parent family	40	20	15	355	175	180
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	155	85	70	695	325	365
Living alone	110	50	60	355	165	190
Living with other relatives⁷	20	15	5	180	75	105
Living with non-relatives only	30	20	10	165	95	70
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	285	...	...	2,350	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	150	...	...	1,690	...	...
Couple-family households	125	...	...	1,535	...	...
With children⁶	55	...	...	1,015	...	...
Without children	70	...	...	520	...	...
One-parent-family households	25	...	...	160	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	100	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	20	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	115	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	20	...	...	60	...	...
One-person households	110	...	...	355	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	490	255	240	5,295	2,595	2,700
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	470	245	225	5,030	2,460	2,570
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	49,600	43,600	52,400	61,200	45,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	470	245	225	5,025	2,455	2,570
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	44,000	40,400	46,000	52,800	40,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	420	220	200	4,680	2,335	2,345
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	50,400	41,600	50,000	60,000	40,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	375	200	170	4,255	2,135	2,120
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,200	49,600	42,000	52,000	61,600	42,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	420	220	210	4,355	2,050	2,300
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,880	4,000	8,100	5,080	2,500	6,360
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	65	30	35	665	285	385
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	4,840	6,500	6,000	6,000	6,120
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	170	90	80	1,690	800	890
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	515	285	230	5,335	2,645	2,685
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	495	280	215	5,045	2,520	2,525
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	73,200	85,000	58,400	61,200	71,300	51,120
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	495	280	215	5,045	2,520	2,525
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,800	68,000	49,200	51,040	58,250	43,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	425	245	175	4,695	2,390	2,305
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	74,000	87,000	56,000	58,050	69,200	46,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	360	220	145	4,250	2,160	2,090
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,200	67,500	54,000	58,950	70,200	47,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	450	250	200	4,375	2,110	2,260
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,520	8,300	13,300	8,340	6,950	9,630
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	85	35	55	655	275	380
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,700	4,800	9,600	7,840	6,700	8,680
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	220	125	95	1,655	825	840
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,600	9,600	9,800	9,140	8,880	9,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	510	280	230	5,335	2,645	2,685
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	165	100	65	2,310	1,275	1,025
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	84,000	107,000	72,500	71,500	81,000	62,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	100,000	110,000	84,000	80,200	90,200	68,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	165	105	55	1,605	705	900
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,800	29,200	28,000	21,800	30,000	20,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,400	34,500	34,000	34,080	43,200	26,950
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	87.0	92.0	79.0	88.2	91.8	83.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	62.0	62.0	62.0	81.2	84.4	76.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	13.1	8.8	21.2	11.8	8.2	16.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	0.7	4.0	1.7	1.0	2.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.2	5.3	8.0	5.4	4.3	6.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.8	5.0	7.4	4.9	4.1	6.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	495	255	240	5,295	2,590	2,705
Without total income	20	5	15	265	135	135
With total income	470	245	225	5,025	2,455	2,575
Under $10,000 (including loss)	30	10	15	455	160	290
$10,000 to $19,999	45	30	20	395	165	230
$20,000 to $29,999	65	35	30	540	215	325
$30,000 to $39,999	60	25	35	515	195	315
$40,000 to $49,999	45	20	30	500	220	280
$50,000 to $59,999	40	15	20	510	245	265
$60,000 to $69,999	35	20	10	425	210	215
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	10	380	190	185
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	10	290	160	125
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	10	240	135	105
$100,000 and over	75	55	25	790	555	235
$100,000 to $149,999	40	25	10	575	390	185
$150,000 and over	40	25	10	215	160	50
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	495	255	240	5,295	2,590	2,705
Without after-tax income	20	5	15	265	135	135
With after-tax income	470	245	225	5,030	2,460	2,575
Under $10,000 (including loss)	30	15	20	460	165	295
$10,000 to $19,999	50	30	20	410	170	240
$20,000 to $29,999	85	45	40	610	245	365
$30,000 to $39,999	50	20	35	625	255	370
$40,000 to $49,999	65	25	35	670	315	355
$50,000 to $59,999	45	25	20	590	280	305
$60,000 to $69,999	30	10	15	485	260	225
$70,000 to $79,999	30	10	20	335	195	140
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	10	285	175	115
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	0	175	130	50
$100,000 and over	55	40	20	375	265	105
$100,000 to $124,999	20	20	5	190	135	60
$125,000 and over	30	20	10	185	130	50
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	495	255	240	5,295	2,590	2,705
Without employment income	120	50	70	1,040	460	585
With employment income	375	205	170	4,250	2,135	2,115
Under $5,000 (including loss)	30	10	25	365	160	205
$5,000 to $9,999	40	20	20	290	105	185
$10,000 to $19,999	40	25	10	380	130	250
$20,000 to $29,999	35	20	15	310	120	190
$30,000 to $39,999	25	15	15	320	135	180
$40,000 to $49,999	20	10	10	395	180	215
$50,000 to $59,999	30	10	20	410	205	205
$60,000 to $69,999	25	15	10	365	185	180
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	300	160	140
$80,000 to $89,999	10	10	5	240	150	90
$90,000 to $99,999	15	5	10	215	120	90
$100,000 and over	70	50	20	675	485	190
$100,000 to $124,999	25	15	5	345	240	110
$125,000 and over	50	35	15	325	245	85
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	490	255	240	5,295	2,595	2,700
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	455	235	220	4,940	2,415	2,525
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,800	50,000	43,200	51,200	61,600	42,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	455	235	220	4,945	2,415	2,525
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	44,800	38,000	44,800	52,400	38,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	425	220	205	4,615	2,305	2,310
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,800	50,800	42,800	51,200	63,200	40,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	390	205	185	4,250	2,130	2,120
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,400	52,400	42,000	52,800	64,000	42,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	385	200	185	4,185	1,985	2,195
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	960	860	1,040	990	890	2,140
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	25	15	10	430	165	265
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,280	x	x	7,100	5,040	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	515	285	230	5,335	2,645	2,685
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	480	265	215	4,965	2,495	2,465
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	71,600	83,000	57,200	61,650	74,700	48,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	480	265	215	4,970	2,495	2,470
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,400	66,500	48,400	50,680	60,100	41,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	450	260	190	4,635	2,370	2,265
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	71,600	82,000	57,200	62,250	76,300	47,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	410	230	180	4,240	2,170	2,070
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,000	64,500	52,000	63,100	77,400	48,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	415	225	190	4,205	2,070	2,135
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,880	3,360	6,650	4,068	2,664	5,430
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	30	0	25	430	150	275
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,500	...	9,000	7,840	5,900	8,900
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	510	280	230	5,335	2,645	2,685
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	170	100	65	2,275	1,275	995
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	82,000	86,000	77,500	69,500	80,000	60,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	95,000	104,000	80,000	82,800	95,000	67,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	170	105	70	1,500	660	835
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,400	30,800	34,000	33,200	50,400	21,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	41,600	39,500	44,000	43,600	59,000	31,400
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	94.0	96.0	90.0	94.4	97.0	90.2
Employment income (%)	71.5	69.0	76.0	87.4	90.0	83.6
Government transfers (%)	5.9	3.5	10.4	5.6	3.0	9.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	x	1.6	1.1	0.5	2.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	280	...	...	2,350	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	121,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	103,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	110	...	...	355	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	55,200	...	...	74,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,600	...	...	62,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	175	...	...	1,995	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	305	...	...	2,310	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	133,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	111,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	125	...	...	335	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	79,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	59,000	...	...	64,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	175	...	...	1,975	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	153,000	...	...	143,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	119,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	285	...	...	2,350	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	80	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	110	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	150	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	160	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	155	...	...
$100,000 and over	110	...	...	1,485	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	380	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	335	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	30	...	...	460	...	...
$200,000 and over	40	...	...	315	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	285	...	...	2,350	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	40	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	110	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	165	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	200	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	220	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	175	...	...
$100,000 and over	85	...	...	1,230	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	445	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	345	...	...
$150,000 and over	45	...	...	440	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	160	...	...	1,955	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	129,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	70	...	...	530	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	1,160	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	141,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	205	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	47,200	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	46,800	...	...	73,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	145	75	65	515	255	260
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,200	49,200	53,200	66,500	66,500	65,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,600	42,000	45,600	56,000	56,000	55,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	160	...	...	1,945	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	158,000	...	...	141,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...	117,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	520	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	200,000	...	...	129,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	160,000	...	...	106,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	1,205	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	148,000	...	...	152,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	127,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	25	...	...	175	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	170	105	65	490	275	215
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	61,600	67,000	54,000	70,400	65,500	76,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,200	55,000	46,000	58,200	54,400	62,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	580	300	280	6,935	3,425	3,510
0 to 17 years	100	55	55	1,855	950	905
0 to 5 years	50	30	25	680	365	315
18 to 64 years	430	230	205	4,680	2,285	2,395
65 years and over	40	20	25	395	190	210
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	110	60	50	335	150	185
0 to 17 years	35	15	15	105	50	50
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	40	20	20
18 to 64 years	65	35	30	190	75	115
65 years and over	15	10	5	40	20	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.6	20.0	19.0	4.8	4.4	5.3
0 to 17 years (%)	34.0	32.0	36.0	5.6	5.6	5.6
0 to 5 years (%)	40.0	30.0	45.0	5.6	5.0	6.4
18 to 64 years (%)	15.2	16.0	14.0	4.0	3.3	4.8
65 years and over (%)	28.0	40.0	25.0	10.4	12.0	9.5
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	580	300	285	6,935	3,425	3,505
0 to 17 years	105	50	50	1,855	950	905
0 to 5 years	50	30	20	680	365	315
18 to 64 years	430	225	205	4,680	2,285	2,395
65 years and over	45	20	20	400	190	210
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	70	40	30	190	85	105
0 to 17 years	20	10	5	50	25	20
0 to 5 years	10	10	5	15	10	5
18 to 64 years	45	25	20	120	50	75
65 years and over	5	0	5	20	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	11.6	13.2	9.5	2.7	2.5	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	18.0	20.0	12.0	2.6	2.8	2.4
0 to 5 years (%)	24.0	25.0	25.0	2.4	2.8	2.0
18 to 64 years (%)	10.0	11.0	9.0	2.6	2.1	3.0
65 years and over (%)	12.0	x	x	5.2	5.0	6.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	580	300	280	6,935	3,425	3,510
In bottom half of the distribution	305	155	145	2,480	1,215	1,265
In bottom decile	100	55	45	300	140	165
In second decile	75	35	35	340	155	190
In third decile	65	30	30	460	230	235
In fourth decile	40	20	20	615	315	300
In fifth decile	25	15	10	765	385	385
In top half of the distribution	280	145	135	4,455	2,210	2,245
In sixth decile	30	15	15	820	400	420
In seventh decile	45	25	25	970	495	480
In eighth decile	45	20	25	910	445	465
In ninth decile	65	30	30	985	480	500
In top decile	95	55	45	765	390	380
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	580	...	...	6,935	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.426	...	...	0.264	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.528	...	...	0.332	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.382	...	...	0.234	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	5.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	580	300	285	6,935	3,425	3,505
English only	515	270	245	6,355	3,170	3,190
French only	0	0	0	5	0	5
English and French	50	30	30	410	195	220
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	160	65	90
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	580	300	285	6,935	3,425	3,505
English	555	290	270	6,640	3,290	3,355
French	10	0	5	70	35	35
English and French	0	0	0	70	40	30
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	155	65	90
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	580	300	285	6,935	3,425	3,505
Single responses	560	290	275	6,425	3,165	3,255
Official languages	410	220	195	3,795	1,915	1,880
English	405	215	185	3,730	1,880	1,850
French	10	0	5	65	35	30
Non-official languages	150	75	75	2,625	1,250	1,380
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	150	75	75	2,625	1,250	1,375
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	20	90	45	45
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	15	20	85	40	40
Amharic	10	0	5	15	5	5
Arabic	5	0	0	55	25	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	5	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	25	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	20	5	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	5	10	645	285	360
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	40	15	30
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	25	10	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	515	235	280
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	60	30	35
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	30	15	15
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	75	40	40	1,175	580	600
Albanian	10	5	5	20	15	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	5	320	145	175
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	5	315	145	170
Belarusian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	5	50	25	25
Russian	0	0	0	180	75	105
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	35	20	15
Bosnian	5	5	0	5	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Serbian	5	0	0	15	10	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	25	15	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
German	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dutch	0	0	0	5	5	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	10	320	160	165
Indo-Aryan languages	20	15	10	280	140	140
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	85	40	45
Hindi	0	0	0	50	20	25
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	20	5	10
Nepali	10	5	5	15	10	5
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	30	20	15
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	60	30	30
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	5	5	45	20	25
Baluchi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kurdish	15	5	5	5	5	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Dari	0	0	0	5	5	5
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	10	475	235	245
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	55	20	30
Romanian	0	0	0	80	40	40
Spanish	15	5	10	335	170	165
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Korean	15	5	5	65	35	25
Mongolian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	5	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	440	210	235
Chinese languages	0	0	0	440	210	235
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	385	180	205
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	55	25	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	20	10	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	20	10	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	10	505	255	250
English and French	0	0	0	25	10	15
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	435	225	210
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	5	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	580	300	285	6,935	3,425	3,505
English	415	220	195	3,840	1,925	1,915
French	0	0	0	10	0	5
Non-official language	45	20	20	800	375	430
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Indigenous	45	20	20	800	370	430
English and French	10	5	5	80	45	35
English and non-official language(s)	100	50	55	2,085	1,020	1,060
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	35	20	20
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	80	40	40
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	580	300	285	6,935	3,425	3,505
Single responses	550	285	270	6,390	3,150	3,250
Official languages	460	235	225	4,595	2,285	2,305
English	460	235	225	4,575	2,280	2,295
French	0	0	0	20	5	10
Non-official languages	90	50	45	1,795	860	940
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	90	50	45	1,795	855	935
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	40	20	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	15	40	20	20
Amharic	15	10	10	5	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	25	10	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	430	200	230
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	15	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	350	160	185
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	5	10
Tamil	0	0	0	15	5	10
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	25	20	815	400	420
Albanian	5	5	5	5	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	5	205	100	105
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	10	5	200	100	105
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	30	15	10
Russian	0	0	0	135	60	70
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	10	0	20	10	10
Bosnian	5	5	0	5	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbian	5	0	0	10	5	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	5	235	105	125
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	5	210	95	115
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	80	40	45
Hindi	0	0	0	25	10	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	0	5
Nepali	5	0	5	15	5	10
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Urdu	0	0	0	45	20	25
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	5	5	30	10	15
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	360	185	180
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	45	20	25
Romanian	0	0	0	40	25	20
Spanish	10	5	5	265	135	130
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	5	0
Korean	10	5	5	60	35	25
Mongolian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	330	145	180
Chinese languages	0	0	0	330	145	180
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	300	135	165
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	15	10	540	280	260
English and French	0	0	0	10	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	10	515	265	245
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	580	300	280	6,930	3,425	3,510
None	480	250	230	5,115	2,545	2,565
English	25	10	15	795	385	415
French	10	0	5	65	35	30
Non-official language	45	20	30	715	335	380
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	10	5	5
Non-Indigenous	45	20	30	705	330	370
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	125	65	60
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	100	45	50
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	610	330	280	6,935	3,460	3,480
Official languages	610	330	280	6,785	3,395	3,385
English	610	330	280	6,780	3,395	3,385
French	65	20	45	415	165	250
Non-official languages	200	90	115	3,455	1,655	1,795
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	200	90	115	3,450	1,655	1,790
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	20	30	195	110	85
Berber languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	20	30	170	100	80
Amharic	0	0	0	45	25	20
Arabic	20	10	10	100	55	40
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	30	15	15
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	30	15	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	10	25	805	360	450
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Cebuano	0	0	0	50	25	30
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	35	20	15
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	10	20	795	360	440
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	120	55	65
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	40	15	25
Tamil	0	0	0	35	25	15
Telugu	0	0	0	55	25	30
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	115	65	50	1,600	825	780
Albanian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	10	355	185	170
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	15	10	355	185	170
Belarusian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	35	15	25
Russian	20	10	10	250	130	125
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	45	30	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Serbian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	65	40	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	10	40	35	10
German	10	0	10	40	35	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dutch	0	0	0	20	10	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	20	0	610	315	295
Indo-Aryan languages	25	20	0	575	305	265
Assamese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Gujarati	20	20	0	145	85	60
Hindi	0	0	0	340	165	175
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	30	10	20
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	125	70	60
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	30	10	15
Urdu	0	0	0	145	80	60
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	15	20	600	295	310
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	0	20	15	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	90	40	55
Romanian	0	0	0	80	40	35
Spanish	20	10	10	415	200	215
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	40	15	25
Korean	0	0	0	35	25	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	60	30	30
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	155	60	105
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	40	20	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	75	25	50
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	550	240	310
Chinese languages	0	0	0	540	235	295
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	490	215	270
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	65	30	35
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	610	330	280	6,935	3,460	3,480
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	25	15	10	95	45	50
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	25	15	10	80	40	40
First Nations (North American Indian)	15	10	0	45	25	20
Métis	10	0	0	40	20	20
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	15	0	10
Non-Indigenous identity	585	315	270	6,845	3,415	3,430
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	610	330	280	6,935	3,460	3,480
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	40	10	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	595	315	275	6,895	3,445	3,450
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	305	...	...	2,310	...	...
Owner	175	...	...	2,045	...	...
Renter	130	...	...	265	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	305	...	...	2,310	...	...
Condominium	120	...	...	375	...	...
Not condominium	190	...	...	1,935	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	305	...	...	2,310	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	60	...	...	65	...	...
2 bedrooms	120	...	...	420	...	...
3 bedrooms	95	...	...	1,260	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	30	...	...	570	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	305	...	...	2,310	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	130	...	...	515	...	...
5 rooms	75	...	...	555	...	...
6 rooms	45	...	...	465	...	...
7 rooms	30	...	...	300	...	...
8 or more rooms	30	...	...	475	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.9	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	305	...	...	2,310	...	...
One person or fewer per room	290	...	...	2,225	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	305	...	...	2,310	...	...
Suitable	285	...	...	2,205	...	...
Not suitable	15	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	305	...	...	2,310	...	...
1960 or before	60	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	65	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	40	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	50	...	...	30	...	...
2001 to 2005	20	...	...	45	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	970	...	...
2011 to 2015	10	...	...	530	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	50	...	...	725	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	305	...	...	2,310	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	275	...	...	2,285	...	...
Major repairs needed	25	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	305	...	...	2,310	...	...
One-maintainer household	195	...	...	840	...	...
Two-maintainer household	90	...	...	1,295	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	15	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	305	...	...	2,310	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	35	...	...
25 to 34 years	75	...	...	445	...	...
35 to 44 years	55	...	...	740	...	...
45 to 54 years	55	...	...	560	...	...
55 to 64 years	60	...	...	350	...	...
65 to 74 years	30	...	...	130	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...	45	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	300	...	...	2,310	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	220	...	...	1,885	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	80	...	...	425	...	...
30% to less than 100%	65	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	300	...	...	2,310	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	115	...	...	520	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	70	...	...	390	...	...
Not suitable only	15	...	...	80	...	...
Major repairs needed only	20	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	190	...	...	1,790	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	285	...	...	2,265	...	...
In core need	35	...	...	90	...	...
Not in core need	250	...	...	2,175	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	175	...	...	2,040	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	68.6	...	...	88.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.3	...	...	17.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	3.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,960	...	...	2,140	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,980	...	...	2,070	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	428,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	520,000	...	...	450,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	125	...	...	270	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	44.0	...	...	25.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	26.1	...	...	11.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,120	...	...	1,800	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,280	...	...	1,760	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	605	325	280	6,935	3,455	3,480
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	20	10	10	20	0	20
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	20	10	10	20	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	20	0	20
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	15	15	0	95	50	50
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	15	15	0	95	50	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	70	30	35
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	25	15	10
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	580	310	275	6,825	3,405	3,415
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	605	330	285	6,935	3,455	3,475
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	560	305	255	5,955	3,010	2,945
Canadian citizens aged under 18	105	50	55	1,715	875	845
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	450	255	195	4,235	2,135	2,095
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	50	20	30	980	450	535
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	605	330	285	6,935	3,455	3,475
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	425	235	190	3,675	1,900	1,775
Immigrants⁸¹	175	80	90	3,135	1,505	1,630
Before 1980	20	15	0	75	35	40
1980 to 1990	20	10	15	120	70	45
1991 to 2000	15	10	10	250	125	130
2001 to 2010	25	15	0	1,435	680	755
2011 to 2021⁸²	90	35	55	1,260	600	655
2011 to 2015	75	35	45	855	430	425
2016 to 2021	20	0	15	405	170	230
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	125	55	70
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	170	80	90	3,130	1,505	1,630
Under 5 years	20	0	15	255	105	150
5 to 14 years	25	10	15	540	275	265
15 to 24 years	30	25	10	320	135	185
25 to 44 years	90	40	50	1,725	830	895
45 years and over	0	0	0	295	155	140
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	170	80	90	3,130	1,505	1,630
Americas	20	15	0	415	195	220
Brazil	0	0	0	30	15	20
Colombia	0	0	0	145	65	75
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	35	15	15
Mexico	0	0	0	35	15	20
Peru	0	0	0	20	10	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	10	10	0	80	35	45
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	75	35	35
Europe	55	30	30	425	225	200
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	20	15	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	10	0
Poland	0	0	0	40	15	20
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	40	20	20
Russian Federation	0	0	0	45	10	30
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	35	20	15
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0	85	45	45
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	125	75	55
Africa	25	10	10	250	125	125
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eritrea	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	40	20	20
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	110	55	55
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	20	0	15
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	60	30	25
Asia	75	30	45	2,035	955	1,085
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	25	20	10
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	400	175	220
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	20	0	15
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	25	20	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	35	10	25	800	360	445
Viet Nam	0	0	0	35	15	15
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	355	180	180
Pakistan	0	0	0	115	70	45
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	30	10	20
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	200	95	105
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	20	0	10	400	170	235
Americas	0	0	0	65	30	35
Brazil	0	0	0	20	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	10	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	80	40	35
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	45	30	15
Africa	0	0	0	40	15	25
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	30	15	15
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	0	10
Asia	10	0	0	220	85	135
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	50	20	30
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	125	45	80
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	10	10
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	610	330	280	6,935	3,460	3,480
First generation¹⁰⁰	190	90	100	3,315	1,600	1,715
Second generation¹⁰¹	150	75	70	1,390	685	705
Third generation or more¹⁰²	270	160	110	2,235	1,170	1,060
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	150	65	85	3,065	1,475	1,590
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	90	45	50	2,185	1,095	1,090
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	45	20	20	875	560	315
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	50	20	30	1,310	535	775
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	35	0	25	605	230	370
Refugees¹⁰⁸	25	15	10	275	140	130
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	150	65	85	3,065	1,475	1,590
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	100	50	55
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	15	10	0	415	195	220
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	70	50	20
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	0	15	145	75	65
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	105	40	65	2,325	1,100	1,230
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	610	330	280	6,935	3,460	3,480
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	200	100	100	3,620	1,715	1,900
South Asian	20	15	0	825	405	420
Chinese	10	10	0	595	250	345
Black	60	25	30	430	210	220
Filipino	55	20	35	995	455	540
Arab	0	0	0	110	70	35
Latin American	0	0	0	345	165	180
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	50	20	30
West Asian	0	0	0	65	25	40
Korean	0	0	0	30	25	10
Japanese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	60	30	30
Multiple visible minorities	15	0	10	90	50	40
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	410	225	180	3,315	1,735	1,575
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	610	330	280	6,935	3,455	3,475
Canadian	20	15	0	605	320	280
English	90	55	40	700	360	340
Irish	90	40	50	575	305	275
Scottish	55	30	30	635	355	280
French, n.o.s.¹²²	55	25	25	365	215	150
German	75	50	30	630	335	295
Chinese	15	0	0	685	300	385
Italian	15	10	10	155	85	70
Indian (India)	0	0	0	340	155	185
Ukrainian	45	25	20	305	165	135
Dutch	25	15	10	185	120	65
Polish	15	10	0	170	70	100
Québécois	0	0	0	15	10	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	20	20	0	205	95	115
Filipino	45	15	35	1,020	475	545
French Canadian	0	0	0	45	30	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	25	15	10	40	30	10
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	45	20	25
Métis	15	10	0	25	20	10
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	25	15	10	135	45	90
Russian	0	0	0	210	110	100
Norwegian	15	15	0	135	75	60
Welsh	10	0	0	40	20	25
Portuguese	0	0	0	25	10	15
American	0	0	0	100	45	55
Spanish	0	0	0	160	75	85
Swedish	10	10	0	90	60	35
Hungarian	30	10	20	55	25	30
Acadian	0	0	0	35	25	15
Pakistani	0	0	0	85	45	35
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	85	45	50
Jewish	0	0	0	40	25	20
Punjabi	0	0	0	60	35	25
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	45	20	20
Greek	10	10	0	25	15	10
Jamaican	10	10	0	45	25	25
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	125	50	80
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	30	10	20
Korean	0	0	0	35	25	10
Romanian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Lebanese	20	0	15	70	45	30
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	60	25	35
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Belgian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	145	70	70
Mexican	0	0	0	35	15	20
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Japanese	15	15	0	35	10	25
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	60	30	25
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	35	10	20
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	15	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	55	35	20
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	65	30	35
Colombian	0	0	0	155	90	65
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	30	25	10
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	20	15	0
Serbian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	70	30	35
Nigerian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Armenian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	80	45	40
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	25	10	10
Peruvian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	45	20	30
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	35	15	25
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	50	20	20
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	25	15	15
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	25	15	15
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	15	10	10
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	65	30	35
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	45	30	15
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	65	35	35
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	610	330	280	6,935	3,460	3,480
Buddhist	0	0	0	85	30	55
Christian	210	105	110	3,475	1,675	1,800
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	65	40	25	680	320	360
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	65	30	35
Baptist	0	0	0	40	25	15
Catholic	75	25	45	1,865	905	955
Christian Orthodox	35	15	25	220	125	90
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	15	0	15
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	150	60	95
Lutheran	0	0	0	40	0	30
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	30	20	10
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	90	45	45
Presbyterian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	10	0	10	75	25	45
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	175	85	85
Hindu	15	15	0	420	220	200
Jewish	10	0	0	35	20	15
Muslim	15	10	0	355	175	180
Sikh	0	0	0	65	40	25
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	65	30	35
No religion and secular perspectives	360	190	165	2,425	1,265	1,165
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	585	315	270	6,840	3,395	3,440
Non-movers	425	235	185	5,780	2,845	2,935
Movers	165	85	80	1,055	550	510
Non-migrants	115	55	55	885	460	425
Migrants	50	30	20	170	90	80
Internal migrants	40	30	10	130	65	70
Intraprovincial migrants	10	10	0	95	50	45
Interprovincial migrants	25	25	0	35	10	25
External migrants	0	0	0	35	25	15
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	540	290	250	6,395	3,180	3,210
Non-movers	215	110	105	2,975	1,470	1,510
Movers	325	180	145	3,415	1,710	1,700
Non-migrants	210	105	110	2,370	1,220	1,145
Migrants	115	80	35	1,045	485	560
Internal migrants	95	70	30	700	345	360
Intraprovincial migrants	40	20	20	365	170	190
Interprovincial migrants	60	50	10	340	175	165
External migrants	20	10	0	345	145	200
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	515	280	230	5,335	2,645	2,685
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	40	15	20	520	250	270
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	470	265	210	4,815	2,400	2,420
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	385	205	180	4,140	2,050	2,090
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	15	15	0	230	110	120
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	370	190	180	3,915	1,945	1,970
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	515	285	230	5,335	2,645	2,690
No certificate, diploma or degree	35	10	25	485	225	265
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	140	75	65	1,190	600	585
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	335	195	140	3,655	1,820	1,835
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	95	75	25	1,485	775	705
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	15	0	320	250	70
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	150	100	50
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	15	0	165	155	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	65	55	15	910	405	510
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	255	125	130
Bachelor's degree or higher	235	120	115	2,170	1,040	1,130
Bachelor's degree	160	65	95	1,515	735	785
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	10	0	175	85	95
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	35	0	30
Master's degree	55	40	20	405	195	210
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	40	30	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	385	205	180	4,140	2,050	2,090
No certificate, diploma or degree	10	10	0	200	85	110
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	90	40	50	710	385	330
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	285	160	130	3,230	1,585	1,645
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	85	65	15	1,270	670	605
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	15	10	0	280	220	65
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	120	75	45
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0	160	140	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	65	50	10	775	345	425
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	215	100	115
Bachelor's degree or higher	205	90	110	1,960	915	1,040
Bachelor's degree	140	50	85	1,340	635	705
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	160	70	90
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	30	0	30
Master's degree	50	30	15	395	185	210
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	35	25	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	510	280	230	5,335	2,650	2,690
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	180	90	90	1,680	825	855
Education	20	0	20	175	45	130
13. Education	20	0	20	175	45	130
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	0	15	90	40	60
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	25	0	15	85	35	55
Humanities	20	10	10	135	35	105
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	0	40	10	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	40	0	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	20	10	10
54. History	0	0	0	15	10	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	20	25	365	140	220
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	10	60	20	40
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	80	20	55
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	40	10	35
45. Social sciences	20	10	0	165	90	75
Business, management and public administration	80	45	35	895	405	490
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	35	10	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	80	45	35	865	395	465
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	135	75	70
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	40	20	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	35	20	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	65	30	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	15	0	275	175	100
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0	235	155	75
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	30	10	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	15	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	50	45	0	945	765	180
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	20	10	10
14. Engineering	25	25	0	500	370	135
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	15	15	0	190	155	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	110	110	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	100	100	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	25	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	55	20	35
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	40	10	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	15	10	10
Health and related fields	45	15	30	440	60	380
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	10	0	35	10	30
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	35	10	25	395	45	345
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	15	0	140	70	75
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	75	25	50
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	35	20	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	30	20	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	385	205	180	4,140	2,050	2,090
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	100	50	55	910	465	445
Education	20	0	20	165	45	120
13. Education	20	0	20	165	45	120
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	90	40	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	80	35	45
Humanities	15	0	10	120	30	85
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	40	0	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	35	0	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	20	10	0
54. History	0	0	0	15	10	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	15	25	320	110	215
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	55	15	40
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	65	20	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	45	10	35
45. Social sciences	15	10	0	145	70	75
Business, management and public administration	70	40	30	795	345	445
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	30	10	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	70	40	30	765	335	425
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	125	65	60
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	40	15	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	30	20	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	55	25	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	15	0	250	165	85
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0	210	145	65
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	25	0	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	30	30	0	805	650	155
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	15	10	10
14. Engineering	15	15	0	430	310	120
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	15	15	0	170	140	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	95	95	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	80	80	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	40	20	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	30	10	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	10	0
Health and related fields	45	20	30	385	55	330
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	10	0	30	0	25
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	30	10	25	345	45	295
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	15	0	120	60	65
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	60	15	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	30	20	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	30	20	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	385	205	180	4,140	2,050	2,090
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	100	50	55	910	465	445
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	285	155	125	3,230	1,585	1,645
Location of study inside Canada	240	130	115	1,795	915	880
Same as province or territory of residence	175	90	85	1,315	660	655
Different than province or territory of residence	65	40	25	480	255	230
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	45	30	15	1,435	670	765
Americas	15	15	0	200	95	105
United States of America	15	15	0	50	20	25
Mexico	0	0	0	25	10	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	35	10	20
Colombia	0	0	0	50	25	20
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	15	15	10
Europe	10	0	0	250	130	120
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	15	15	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	15	10	10
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	25	0	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	30	10	20
Ukraine	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	65	30	30
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	45	30	20
Africa	0	0	0	95	30	60
Nigeria	0	0	0	60	25	35
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	20	10	10
Asia	15	10	10	895	415	480
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	165	85	80
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	10	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	335	165	170
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	10	10
India	0	0	0	235	95	135
Pakistan	0	0	0	40	25	15
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	55	20	35
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	515	285	230	5,335	2,645	2,690
In the labour force	405	245	160	4,095	2,120	1,975
Employed	350	210	140	3,620	1,915	1,700
Unemployed	55	30	20	475	205	275
Not in the labour force	110	40	70	1,235	525	715
Participation rate	78.6	86.0	69.6	76.8	80.2	73.4
Employment rate	68.0	73.7	60.9	67.9	72.4	63.2
Unemployment rate	13.6	12.2	12.5	11.6	9.7	13.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	510	285	230	5,335	2,650	2,690
Did not work¹⁸⁶	145	60	80	1,330	585	740
Worked	370	220	145	4,005	2,055	1,950
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	185	110	70	2,325	1,295	1,030
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	185	110	80	1,675	755	920
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.8	39.8	37.2	41.8	42.8	40.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	405	245	165	4,100	2,125	1,975
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	15	10	105	40	65
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	385	225	155	3,995	2,080	1,910
Employee	310	185	125	3,555	1,810	1,740
Permanent position	260	150	115	2,980	1,570	1,410
Temporary position	45	35	10	570	235	335
Fixed term (1 year or more)	25	20	0	225	90	135
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	20	15	0	345	145	205
Self-employed¹⁹²	75	45	25	445	275	170
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	405	245	165	4,100	2,125	1,975
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	15	10	105	40	65
All occupations¹⁹¹	385	225	155	3,995	2,080	1,910
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	30	15	15
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	95	50	45	830	270	560
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	45	40	0	625	475	155
3 Health occupations	30	15	15	365	70	295
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	60	15	40	390	135	255
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	10	0	90	40	45
6 Sales and service occupations	95	65	35	900	415	485
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	45	35	10	635	575	65
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	35	15	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	110	85	30
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	405	245	165	4,100	2,125	1,975
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	15	10	105	40	65
All industries¹⁹¹	385	225	155	3,995	2,080	1,910
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	10	0	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	10	0	195	145	45
22 Utilities	25	15	10	70	50	15
23 Construction	35	30	10	375	280	95
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	235	180	50
41 Wholesale trade	10	10	0	135	100	40
44-45 Retail trade	35	25	15	450	205	245
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20	20	0	215	140	75
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	95	50	40
52 Finance and insurance	20	20	0	160	55	105
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	60	25	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	45	25	25	545	315	230
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	10	0	145	90	55
61 Educational services	40	25	20	240	85	155
62 Health care and social assistance	30	15	15	535	90	440
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	40	20	20
72 Accommodation and food services	45	15	30	220	115	105
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	10	0	105	65	45
91 Public administration	20	0	10	170	70	105
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	410	245	165	4,225	2,180	2,050
English	410	245	165	3,980	2,030	1,945
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	20
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	25	10	20
English and French	0	0	0	30	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	195	120	75
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	410	245	165	4,225	2,180	2,050
Single responses	410	245	165	4,205	2,165	2,045
Official languages	410	245	165	4,160	2,130	2,025
English	410	245	165	4,155	2,130	2,020
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Chinese languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	30	10	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	20	20	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	20	20	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	410	245	165	4,225	2,180	2,050
None	410	245	165	4,030	2,060	1,965
English	0	0	0	20	15	10
French	0	0	0	25	15	10
Non-official language	0	0	0	110	60	50
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	110	60	50
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	350	210	140	3,620	1,915	1,700
Worked at home	120	80	40	1,030	485	545
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	55	35	20	430	315	115
Usual place of work	170	95	75	2,155	1,110	1,045
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	170	95	75	2,155	1,110	1,045
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	155	95	65	1,925	965	965
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	0	0	170	100	75
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	35	25	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	25	25	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	230	135	100	2,590	1,430	1,165
Car, truck or van	170	90	80	2,245	1,275	970
Car, truck or van - as a driver	155	90	65	2,070	1,235	825
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	15	0	15	180	40	145
Public transit	40	30	10	240	95	145
Walked	15	0	0	20	15	10
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	80	40	35
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	230	135	100	2,590	1,430	1,165
Less than 15 minutes	50	25	25	380	140	240
15 to 29 minutes	125	85	35	1,030	590	445
30 to 44 minutes	45	0	35	740	470	265
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	260	145	110
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	185	85	100
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	230	135	100	2,590	1,430	1,165
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	195	115	75
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	30	10	20	505	330	175
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	80	50	25	655	375	285
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	40	30	10	465	235	235
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	40	20	15	280	125	155
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	25	15	10	495	260	235
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	105	50	55	1,885	960	925
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	0	115	70	45
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	95	50	55	1,770	890	880
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	60	20	35	1,295	645	645
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	0	0	85	50	30
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0	40	20	20
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0	45	30	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	55	20	30	1,210	595	615

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 29, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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