Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48061883More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48060606More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48061240More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	444	...	...	2,485	...	...	458	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	145	...	...	2,073	...	...	213	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	143	...	...	1,670	...	...	210	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,598.1	...	...	9,010.2	...	...	403.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.12	...	...	0.28	...	...	1.13	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	445	225	220	2,485	1,410	1,075	460	240	220
0 to 14 years	75	40	40	105	50	55	65	40	30
0 to 4 years	5	5	5	40	20	20	20	15	5
5 to 9 years	25	10	10	40	25	15	30	15	15
10 to 14 years	45	25	20	30	10	20	20	10	10
15 to 64 years	320	160	155	2,285	1,295	990	295	155	135
15 to 19 years	40	25	20	50	35	20	20	5	15
20 to 24 years	25	15	15	355	160	190	30	10	15
25 to 29 years	15	5	5	640	345	295	20	15	10
30 to 34 years	10	10	5	455	270	185	35	15	15
35 to 39 years	20	10	10	240	140	105	35	20	20
40 to 44 years	40	20	20	135	75	65	30	20	10
45 to 49 years	35	20	20	90	50	35	25	15	15
50 to 54 years	50	25	25	95	60	30	25	15	10
55 to 59 years	45	30	20	115	75	35	35	20	15
60 to 64 years	30	15	15	105	80	30	35	20	15
65 years and over	50	30	25	100	60	35	95	40	55
65 to 69 years	15	5	5	50	35	20	35	15	20
70 to 74 years	15	5	5	25	20	10	35	20	15
75 to 79 years	15	10	5	10	10	5	20	5	10
80 to 84 years	5	5	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
85 years and over	5	5	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	5	5	0	0	0	5	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.9	17.8	18.2	4.2	3.5	5.1	14.1	16.7	13.6
15 to 64 years	71.9	71.1	70.5	92.0	91.8	92.1	64.1	64.6	61.4
65 years and over	11.2	13.3	11.4	4.0	4.3	3.3	20.7	16.7	25.0
85 years and over	1.1	2.2	0.0	0.2	0.4	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	40.2	40.2	40.2	34.7	36.1	33.0	43.0	42.0	44.0
Median age of the population	43.2	43.2	42.4	30.8	31.8	29.6	43.6	42.4	44.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	145	...	...	1,670	...	...	210	...	...
Single-detached house	145	...	...	5	...	...	125	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	95	...	...	85	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,570	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	140	...	...	1,670	...	...	210	...	...
1 person	15	...	...	1,055	...	...	60	...	...
2 persons	45	...	...	510	...	...	85	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	75	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	30	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	445	230	215	2,425	1,370	1,055	455	240	220
Average household size	3.1	...	...	1.5	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	365	185	180	2,380	1,360	1,020	390	200	190
Married or living common-law	250	125	125	885	460	430	235	120	120
Married	235	115	115	440	230	210	205	100	100
Living common-law	20	5	10	445	235	215	35	15	15
Living common law - Never married	10	5	5	410	210	195	25	10	10
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	10	5	5	30	15	10	10	5	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	115	60	55	1,495	895	595	155	80	75
Not married and not living common law - Never married	100	55	45	1,255	770	490	90	50	40
Not married and not living common law - Separated	5	0	5	75	35	35	15	10	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	10	10	5	145	85	60	35	15	25
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	5	5	0	20	10	10	15	5	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	135	...	...	470	...	...	135	...	...
2 persons	50	...	...	380	...	...	80	...	...
3 persons	40	...	...	60	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	20	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	2.3	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.4	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	135	...	...	465	...	...	135	...	...
Total couple families	120	...	...	430	...	...	120	...	...
Married couples	115	...	...	210	...	...	105	...	...
With children⁶	75	...	...	60	...	...	40	...	...
Without children	40	...	...	145	...	...	60	...	...
Common-law couples	10	...	...	225	...	...	15	...	...
With children⁶	0	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
Without children	5	...	...	205	...	...	5	...	...
Total one-parent families	10	...	...	40	...	...	15	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	10	...	...	30	...	...	10	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	440	225	215	2,425	1,370	1,055	455	235	220
Total - Persons in census families	420	210	210	1,050	530	525	365	190	170
Married spouses or common-law partners	250	125	125	860	445	415	240	120	115
Parents in one-parent families	10	0	10	35	5	35	20	10	10
Children⁶	165	85	80	155	85	70	105	60	45
In a two-parent family	150	80	70	105	55	50	85	50	35
In a one-parent family	15	10	5	50	30	20	25	15	10
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	20	20	5	1,370	835	530	95	50	50
Living alone	10	5	5	1,060	665	400	60	25	30
Living with other relatives⁷	5	5	0	70	35	35	15	5	10
Living with non-relatives only	5	0	0	240	140	105	20	15	5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	140	...	...	1,670	...	...	210	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	120	...	...	455	...	...	130	...	...
Couple-family households	115	...	...	420	...	...	115	...	...
With children⁶	70	...	...	75	...	...	50	...	...
Without children	40	...	...	340	...	...	70	...	...
One-parent-family households	5	...	...	35	...	...	15	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	0	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	5	...	...	150	...	...	10	...	...
One-person households	10	...	...	1,060	...	...	60	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	370	190	180	2,335	1,325	1,010	390	200	195
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	350	175	175	2,280	1,295	985	380	195	190
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,600	62,800	38,400	42,400	46,000	39,200	46,800	60,000	37,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	350	175	175	2,280	1,295	985	380	195	190
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	55,600	35,200	38,000	41,200	35,200	40,800	52,800	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	340	165	170	2,045	1,150	900	360	180	180
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	59,200	27,600	40,400	48,000	34,000	38,400	53,200	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	260	130	130	1,930	1,070	860	285	145	140
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,000	76,000	34,800	40,000	48,400	33,600	35,600	49,600	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	280	140	135	2,085	1,195	890	340	175	165
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	3,120	1,760	4,720	5,800	4,800	6,500	9,300	6,000	11,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15	5	5	310	175	135	50	25	25
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	5,240	5,480	5,160	5,240	5,480	5,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	85	40	45	970	505	465	115	60	55
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	11,000	8,000	9,000	10,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	7,750
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	340	185	150	2,350	1,315	1,035	360	175	180
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	335	180	150	2,285	1,285	1,005	345	175	170
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	87,200	112,000	57,000	62,850	71,400	51,900	61,600	69,000	54,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	335	180	150	2,285	1,285	1,005	345	175	170
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	66,800	84,000	46,000	51,250	57,200	43,600	51,800	58,000	45,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	320	175	140	2,065	1,130	930	315	150	165
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	84,000	111,000	51,000	61,550	72,400	48,200	58,000	69,000	48,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	230	145	90	1,920	1,020	900	225	105	125
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	94,000	116,000	59,000	59,000	70,200	46,200	49,200	63,000	37,500
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	255	140	120	2,115	1,190	925	310	160	155
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	8,000	10,200	7,990	8,000	7,960	10,500	10,200	10,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20	0	0	300	175	125	60	25	35
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,600	...	...	6,160	4,840	8,000	5,800	8,500	3,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	100	55	45	945	490	450	70	30	40
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,400	9,200	9,200	9,180	9,440	8,920	8,800	11,000	7,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	340	190	150	2,350	1,315	1,035	360	180	180
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	100	70	30	945	540	395	85	60	25
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	138,000	162,000	110,000	70,000	76,500	60,800	69,500	70,000	x
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	168,000	190,000	120,000	92,000	105,200	74,000	82,000	88,000	68,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	100	50	55	820	400	425	85	35	55
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,000	36,400	7,750	21,400	24,000	18,400	24,800	x	29,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	43,000	64,000	25,000	28,700	31,700	25,900	33,000	34,000	32,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	92.0	94.0	84.0	88.2	89.6	86.0	84.0	88.0	82.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	75.0	80.0	60.0	78.8	78.4	80.0	53.0	56.0	48.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	8.0	5.6	14.0	11.8	10.4	14.2	15.2	13.6	17.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	x	x	1.3	0.9	1.9	1.7	2.0	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.6	2.6	5.8	6.4	5.4	8.2	3.4	3.0	3.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.3	2.4	5.2	6.0	5.1	7.7	3.0	2.8	3.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	365	185	185	2,335	1,325	1,010	390	200	190
Without total income	15	10	5	55	30	25	10	5	5
With total income	355	180	175	2,285	1,295	990	385	195	185
Under $10,000 (including loss)	60	20	40	140	75	70	35	15	20
$10,000 to $19,999	40	20	20	195	95	100	25	5	20
$20,000 to $29,999	30	15	15	395	205	190	60	25	35
$30,000 to $39,999	30	15	15	355	190	160	45	20	25
$40,000 to $49,999	20	5	15	245	125	115	40	20	25
$50,000 to $59,999	20	10	10	210	110	100	40	15	20
$60,000 to $69,999	15	5	10	130	80	55	35	25	10
$70,000 to $79,999	15	10	5	125	80	45	15	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	10	100	60	40	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	70	55	20	10	10	0
$100,000 and over	95	65	30	320	225	95	55	40	20
$100,000 to $149,999	40	25	20	195	125	75	25	20	10
$150,000 and over	50	40	10	130	105	25	30	20	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	365	185	185	2,335	1,325	1,010	390	200	190
Without after-tax income	15	10	5	55	30	25	10	5	5
With after-tax income	355	180	175	2,285	1,295	990	385	195	185
Under $10,000 (including loss)	60	20	40	145	75	70	35	15	20
$10,000 to $19,999	45	25	25	205	95	105	30	5	25
$20,000 to $29,999	35	15	15	455	240	215	60	25	35
$30,000 to $39,999	30	15	20	400	215	180	55	25	25
$40,000 to $49,999	25	15	15	290	150	140	50	15	35
$50,000 to $59,999	20	10	10	195	115	80	50	35	15
$60,000 to $69,999	25	10	15	165	110	60	20	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	15	5	10	105	60	45	15	10	0
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	10	95	55	40	25	15	5
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	10	50	35	15	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	65	45	15	185	145	40	40	25	10
$100,000 to $124,999	15	10	10	75	60	20	20	10	5
$125,000 and over	45	35	5	105	90	20	25	15	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	365	185	185	2,335	1,325	1,010	390	200	190
Without employment income	105	55	55	400	250	145	105	55	55
With employment income	265	135	130	1,935	1,075	860	280	145	135
Under $5,000 (including loss)	50	15	30	155	75	80	35	15	25
$5,000 to $9,999	20	10	10	195	90	100	25	10	20
$10,000 to $19,999	20	10	10	240	100	135	30	10	15
$20,000 to $29,999	10	5	5	190	110	85	35	15	20
$30,000 to $39,999	15	10	10	195	105	90	20	10	10
$40,000 to $49,999	10	0	5	145	70	70	25	5	15
$50,000 to $59,999	15	5	10	150	85	65	25	5	15
$60,000 to $69,999	5	0	0	125	70	55	15	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	10	5	5	115	80	40	15	10	0
$80,000 to $89,999	10	0	5	85	50	35	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	15	5	10	70	40	25	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	80	60	25	275	205	75	45	30	10
$100,000 to $124,999	25	10	15	115	70	45	15	15	5
$125,000 and over	60	45	15	165	135	35	25	20	10
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	370	190	180	2,335	1,325	1,010	390	200	195
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	335	170	160	2,220	1,265	960	370	190	180
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,600	66,500	41,600	36,800	40,800	32,000	47,600	58,000	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	335	170	160	2,220	1,265	960	370	190	180
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,200	56,800	38,000	34,000	36,800	29,800	41,600	51,200	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	320	165	155	2,005	1,130	880	350	180	175
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,600	64,000	39,200	39,200	45,600	34,800	42,800	53,200	29,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	250	130	115	1,890	1,065	830	285	150	135
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,200	84,000	44,000	38,800	45,200	34,000	45,200	52,400	37,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	250	125	125	1,950	1,105	845	305	155	150
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	900	890	1,040	900	890	920	1,840	1,050	4,320
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	10	0	5	120	70	50	25	10	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	x	...	x	6,400	6,600	5,280	6,600	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	340	185	150	2,350	1,315	1,035	360	175	180
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	320	175	145	2,195	1,245	950	340	170	170
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	98,000	125,000	65,000	61,050	70,000	49,200	59,600	72,500	46,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	320	175	145	2,195	1,245	950	340	170	170
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	75,500	95,000	52,000	48,680	54,500	40,900	50,000	60,000	40,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	300	165	135	2,000	1,110	890	320	155	165
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	101,000	128,000	67,000	63,800	74,800	50,100	55,600	72,000	40,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	215	145	75	1,905	1,040	870	230	115	120
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	111,000	126,000	84,000	60,000	70,400	47,500	50,800	64,000	38,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	235	125	115	1,885	1,060	825	290	135	150
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,920	4,100	5,900	3,332	3,980	2,496	8,100	7,700	8,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	0	0	0	105	60	40	20	0	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	...	...	...	7,200	7,800	6,200	8,000	...	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	340	190	150	2,350	1,315	1,035	360	180	180
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	95	70	25	940	545	395	80	50	25
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	147,000	184,000	x	58,400	60,400	56,400	77,000	77,000	x
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	192,000	200,000	160,000	88,000	99,600	72,000	86,000	100,000	64,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	90	50	45	770	385	385	90	35	55
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,200	61,200	10,400	23,800	25,000	23,800	38,800	x	38,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	57,000	78,000	34,000	33,000	37,400	28,500	39,000	44,000	35,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	96.0	98.0	92.0	95.4	95.2	95.6	89.0	92.0	84.0
Employment income (%)	78.0	84.0	68.0	85.2	83.6	88.4	59.0	58.0	58.0
Government transfers (%)	3.8	2.3	7.0	4.7	4.8	4.4	11.4	8.4	16.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	x	x	x	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.8	x	x
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	140	...	...	1,670	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	162,000	...	...	61,600	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	54,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	10	...	...	1,060	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	46,800	...	...	50,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	41,600	...	...	42,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	130	...	...	615	...	...	150	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	172,000	...	...	87,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...	77,500	...	...	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	140	...	...	1,600	...	...	200	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	204,000	...	...	89,900	...	...	108,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	158,000	...	...	73,300	...	...	90,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	920	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	63,800	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	53,200	...	...	66,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	135	...	...	680	...	...	150	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	208,000	...	...	125,200	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	158,000	...	...	100,400	...	...	98,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	140	...	...	1,670	...	...	210	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	25	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	50	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	45	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	130	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	85	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	80	...	...	0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...	85	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	0	...	...	70	...	...	0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	0	...	...	70	...	...	0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	0	...	...	145	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	0	...	...	140	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5	...	...	135	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5	...	...	85	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	80	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	105	...	...	420	...	...	95	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	10	...	...	135	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	90	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	20	...	...	90	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	60	...	...	100	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	140	...	...	1,670	...	...	210	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	35	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	45	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	45	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	130	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	110	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	100	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...	85	...	...	0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	0	...	...	95	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	0	...	...	85	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5	...	...	185	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	160	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5	...	...	115	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	95	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	75	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	95	...	...	285	...	...	75	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	15	...	...	105	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	75	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	65	...	...	105	...	...	35	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	130	...	...	500	...	...	145	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	170,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...	81,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.3	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	345	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	80	...	...	75	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	210,000	...	...	121,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	172,000	...	...	106,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	3.4	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	10	...	...	40	...	...	15	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	51,200	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	50,800	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.3	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	15	10	5	1,300	800	495	85	40	40
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	x	x	x	42,800	44,000	39,600	38,400	38,400	36,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	x	x	x	38,400	40,400	36,400	34,000	33,600	34,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	135	...	...	560	...	...	135	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	208,000	...	...	134,500	...	...	122,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	158,000	...	...	106,400	...	...	102,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...	355	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	141,500	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	110,400	...	...	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	105	...	...	40	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	250,000	...	...	126,000	...	...	148,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	180,000	...	...	104,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	40	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	160,000	...	...	...	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	120,000	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	0	0	0	1,160	690	475	80	40	35
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	...	...	...	58,700	62,500	53,200	60,000	58,000	64,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	...	...	...	49,400	52,300	45,000	50,000	50,000	52,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	445	225	220	2,425	1,370	1,055	460	240	220
0 to 17 years	105	60	45	110	60	55	80	45	40
0 to 5 years	10	0	5	35	20	15	30	15	15
18 to 64 years	290	145	145	2,220	1,255	970	285	155	130
65 years and over	50	30	25	95	55	35	95	40	55
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	25	15	10	420	265	155	30	10	20
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	10	10	0	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	20	5	5	375	235	135	25	10	10
65 years and over	0	0	0	40	25	15	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.6	5.0	6.0	17.3	19.6	14.6	7.2	5.0	9.0
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	8.0	x	9.0	12.0	x	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	...	x	12.0	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	6.0	5.0	6.0	16.7	18.8	14.2	7.6	8.0	6.0
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	40.0	40.0	40.0	8.0	x	16.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	440	225	215	2,425	1,370	1,055	455	235	220
0 to 17 years	105	55	50	110	55	50	80	40	35
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	35	15	20	25	20	10
18 to 64 years	285	145	145	2,220	1,250	970	285	155	125
65 years and over	50	25	25	90	60	35	100	45	55
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	20	10	10	320	180	135	30	15	15
0 to 17 years	5	5	5	5	5	0	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	15	5	10	290	170	125	25	15	10
65 years and over	0	0	0	20	10	10	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.0	4.0	4.0	13.1	13.3	12.8	6.4	5.0	8.0
0 to 17 years (%)	5.0	x	x	6.0	8.0	x	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	...	x	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	4.0	3.0	5.0	13.2	13.4	12.8	7.2	8.0	6.0
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	20.0	16.0	25.0	5.0	x	10.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	445	225	220	2,425	1,370	1,055	460	240	220
In bottom half of the distribution	110	55	55	1,395	775	620	190	95	95
In bottom decile	20	10	15	410	240	165	35	15	20
In second decile	5	0	0	305	170	140	30	15	20
In third decile	15	5	0	270	145	125	35	25	15
In fourth decile	30	15	15	190	95	95	45	20	20
In fifth decile	35	15	15	220	120	100	45	20	25
In top half of the distribution	335	170	165	1,025	595	435	275	150	125
In sixth decile	25	10	10	160	90	70	55	30	30
In seventh decile	25	15	10	210	120	90	30	15	15
In eighth decile	60	25	30	150	80	70	60	30	25
In ninth decile	65	35	30	235	135	100	60	35	25
In top decile	170	80	85	270	170	100	60	30	35
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	440	...	...	2,425	...	...	455	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.318	...	...	0.407	...	...	0.320	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.368	...	...	0.514	...	...	0.408	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.276	...	...	0.361	...	...	0.284	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	4.8	...	...	3.7	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	440	225	215	2,430	1,370	1,055	455	235	220
English only	400	205	195	2,180	1,235	950	415	225	190
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	35	15	20	230	135	95	40	10	30
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	15	10	10	5	0	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	440	225	215	2,430	1,370	1,055	455	235	220
English	425	215	210	2,345	1,320	1,025	445	235	210
French	0	0	0	50	30	20	5	0	5
English and French	10	5	0	15	10	5	5	0	5
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	15	5	10	5	0	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	440	225	215	2,430	1,370	1,055	455	235	220
Single responses	420	215	200	2,290	1,305	985	455	235	215
Official languages	260	135	130	1,640	960	680	400	210	185
English	255	130	130	1,595	935	660	385	205	180
French	0	0	0	45	25	20	10	5	10
Non-official languages	160	80	75	650	340	310	55	30	30
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	160	80	75	645	335	310	55	30	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	55	40	20	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	50	35	20	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	40	25	15	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	10	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	75	35	40	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	75	40	35	315	175	140	40	20	15
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	20	35	20	15	20	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	15	20	30	20	15	20	15	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	0	0	0	5	0	0
Russian	10	5	5	20	10	10	10	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	5	5	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	20	15	5	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	5	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	5	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	5	125	70	55	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	35	20	15	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	10	5	5	30	15	15	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	25	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	0	130	70	65	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Spanish	5	0	0	90	45	45	10	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	35	20	15	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	20	100	40	60	5	0	5
Chinese languages	45	25	20	100	40	60	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	10	55	25	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	5	45	15	30	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	15	135	70	65	10	5	5
English and French	5	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	105	55	55	5	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	440	225	215	2,430	1,370	1,055	455	235	220
English	275	145	135	1,710	1,005	705	410	215	200
French	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Non-official language	50	30	25	115	60	50	10	10	5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	50	30	25	115	60	50	10	10	5
English and French	0	0	0	30	15	15	10	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	110	50	60	540	265	270	25	15	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	440	225	215	2,430	1,370	1,055	455	235	220
Single responses	415	210	200	2,345	1,330	1,010	455	235	215
Official languages	320	160	160	2,035	1,175	865	435	225	210
English	320	160	160	2,015	1,160	855	430	225	205
French	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Non-official languages	95	50	40	310	160	145	20	10	5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	95	50	40	310	160	145	20	10	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	25	15	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	5	25	15	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	40	15	20	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	20	20	145	80	65	15	10	5
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	5	20	10	10	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	5	20	10	10	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	5	15	10	5	10	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	5	55	30	25	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	5	10	10	10	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	10	5	5	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	5	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	0	60	40	25	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	40	25	20	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	20	15	40	15	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages	30	20	15	40	15	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	15	10	25	10	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	15	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	15	15	80	35	40	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	75	30	45	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	440	230	215	2,425	1,375	1,055	455	240	220
None	355	185	170	1,895	1,105	795	425	225	205
English	35	15	20	165	80	85	5	5	5
French	0	0	0	25	10	10	5	0	5
Non-official language	35	15	20	275	130	140	15	10	5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	15	20	270	135	140	15	10	5
English and French	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	420	230	190	2,460	1,385	1,075	415	220	190
Official languages	420	230	190	2,460	1,385	1,075	415	220	190
English	420	230	190	2,460	1,385	1,075	415	220	190
French	30	15	15	235	110	125	50	15	35
Non-official languages	170	95	80	1,040	545	495	40	10	30
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	170	95	80	1,040	545	495	40	10	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	120	75	40	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	105	75	30	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	80	60	20	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	175	100	70	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	150	80	70	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	20	10	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	100	60	35	505	265	240	15	0	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	25	20	30	25	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	25	20	30	25	10	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	10	10	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
German	10	10	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	20	10	165	80	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	135	65	70	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	105	45	60	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	280	140	140	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	235	120	110	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	25	0	15	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	30	20	125	50	80	15	0	10
Chinese languages	45	30	20	125	50	80	15	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	30	20	80	25	50	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	65	25	35	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	420	235	190	2,465	1,385	1,075	415	220	190
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	110	50	60	35	0	25
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	110	50	60	35	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	50	20	30	10	0	10
Métis	0	0	0	65	30	25	15	0	10
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	420	230	190	2,355	1,335	1,020	385	215	165
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	420	235	190	2,465	1,385	1,075	415	220	190
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	420	235	190	2,425	1,360	1,060	410	215	190
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	140	...	...	1,600	...	...	195	...	...
Owner	130	...	...	300	...	...	115	...	...
Renter	0	...	...	1,295	...	...	85	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	140	...	...	1,600	...	...	195	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	875	...	...	45	...	...
Not condominium	135	...	...	725	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	140	...	...	1,600	...	...	195	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	60	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	940	...	...	10	...	...
2 bedrooms	0	...	...	575	...	...	65	...	...
3 bedrooms	45	...	...	15	...	...	50	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	95	...	...	0	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	140	...	...	1,600	...	...	195	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	0	...	...	1,435	...	...	50	...	...
5 rooms	15	...	...	110	...	...	45	...	...
6 rooms	15	...	...	40	...	...	10	...	...
7 rooms	25	...	...	15	...	...	20	...	...
8 or more rooms	90	...	...	0	...	...	80	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	8.2	...	...	3.1	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	140	...	...	1,600	...	...	195	...	...
One person or fewer per room	140	...	...	1,555	...	...	195	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	40	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	140	...	...	1,600	...	...	195	...	...
Suitable	140	...	...	1,510	...	...	195	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	90	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	140	...	...	1,600	...	...	195	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	140	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...	350	...	...	65	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	145	...	...	130	...	...
1991 to 2000	65	...	...	45	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	70	...	...	45	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	135	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	250	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	485	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	140	...	...	1,600	...	...	195	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	135	...	...	1,475	...	...	190	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...	125	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	140	...	...	1,600	...	...	195	...	...
One-maintainer household	35	...	...	1,095	...	...	120	...	...
Two-maintainer household	100	...	...	495	...	...	85	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	140	...	...	1,600	...	...	195	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	215	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	0	...	...	720	...	...	30	...	...
35 to 44 years	30	...	...	245	...	...	25	...	...
45 to 54 years	40	...	...	165	...	...	25	...	...
55 to 64 years	30	...	...	160	...	...	45	...	...
65 to 74 years	20	...	...	75	...	...	50	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	10	...	...	20	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	145	...	...	1,585	...	...	195	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	125	...	...	945	...	...	155	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	15	...	...	635	...	...	35	...	...
30% to less than 100%	15	...	...	545	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	140	...	...	1,600	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...	765	...	...	55	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	20	...	...	580	...	...	40	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	50	...	...	0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	55	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	40	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	115	...	...	835	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	140	...	...	1,495	...	...	195	...	...
In core need	0	...	...	250	...	...	30	...	...
Not in core need	140	...	...	1,245	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	135	...	...	305	...	...	110	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	48.1	...	...	85.2	...	...	36.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	20.3	...	...	13.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,010	...	...	2,160	...	...	810	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,800	...	...	2,120	...	...	1,400	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	700,000	...	...	364,000	...	...	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	730,000	...	...	396,000	...	...	530,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	1,295	...	...	85	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	...	...	...	8.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	44.6	...	...	29.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	...	...	...	19.4	...	...	23.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	1,410	...	...	1,250	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	1,368	...	...	1,180	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	425	235	190	2,460	1,385	1,075	415	225	195
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	130	50	80	25	10	10
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	130	50	80	25	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	80	35	45	15	0	10
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	55	20	40	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	420	230	190	2,305	1,325	980	385	215	175
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	425	235	185	2,460	1,385	1,080	415	225	195
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	375	210	165	1,955	1,125	830	400	215	185
Canadian citizens aged under 18	90	55	35	105	60	40	65	40	25
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	280	150	130	1,855	1,065	785	335	175	165
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	50	25	25	505	260	245	15	0	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	425	235	185	2,460	1,385	1,080	415	225	195
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	235	130	110	1,530	900	630	355	195	155
Immigrants⁸¹	185	105	80	760	405	355	55	25	35
Before 1980	20	15	10	55	35	15	30	10	15
1980 to 1990	35	20	20	25	0	20	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	40	15	25	155	90	70	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	20	20	0	160	75	85	0	0	0
2011 to 2021⁸²	65	40	20	365	195	165	10	0	10
2011 to 2015	55	30	20	105	55	50	0	0	0
2016 to 2021	0	0	0	260	145	115	10	0	10
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	190	105	80	760	400	360	60	25	35
Under 5 years	20	20	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	30	10	15	160	90	75	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	45	20	25	140	85	55	20	0	15
25 to 44 years	70	35	30	345	165	175	30	15	15
45 years and over	20	10	10	45	20	25	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	190	105	80	760	400	360	60	25	35
Americas	0	0	0	125	60	60	10	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Europe	70	40	30	95	65	25	30	15	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	20	15	0	25	15	15
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	105	50	50	465	235	225	15	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	15	10	10	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	45	25	15	35	0	30	10	0	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10	140	75	65	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	10	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	15	0	80	25	50	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	0	0	0	260	145	115	0	0	0
Americas	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	205	115	90	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	105	55	50	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	420	235	190	2,465	1,385	1,075	415	220	190
First generation¹⁰⁰	185	100	85	960	500	460	60	30	30
Second generation¹⁰¹	70	30	40	495	310	185	70	45	25
Third generation or more¹⁰²	165	95	70	1,005	575	430	285	150	135
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	160	90	70	705	365	340	30	15	15
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	95	50	45	505	265	245	10	0	0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	25	25	0	200	115	85	0	0	0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	70	25	40	305	150	155	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	30	15	15	130	55	70	20	10	10
Refugees¹⁰⁸	40	25	15	75	50	25	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	160	90	70	705	365	340	30	15	15
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	10	10	0	55	30	25	10	0	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	75	30	40	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	150	75	65	540	285	260	20	15	10
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	420	235	190	2,465	1,385	1,075	415	220	190
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	135	75	60	1,060	540	520	35	25	10
South Asian	35	15	15	180	95	85	15	15	0
Chinese	60	35	30	125	45	85	15	0	10
Black	0	0	0	130	60	75	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	175	95	80	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	70	55	0	0	0	0
Latin American	0	0	0	185	95	85	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	25	0	20	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	60	25	25	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	285	155	130	1,400	840	555	375	200	180
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	420	230	190	2,460	1,385	1,075	415	225	195
Canadian	50	35	15	155	90	70	45	15	25
English	40	20	15	325	210	115	125	55	70
Irish	10	10	0	265	160	110	65	35	30
Scottish	40	25	20	275	170	110	90	45	45
French, n.o.s.¹²²	15	10	0	135	70	70	35	20	15
German	25	10	15	275	175	100	85	55	30
Chinese	60	30	25	165	70	100	15	0	10
Italian	15	10	10	105	60	45	20	10	10
Indian (India)	30	15	15	145	65	80	15	15	0
Ukrainian	25	10	15	120	75	45	40	30	15
Dutch	0	0	0	75	50	30	10	10	0
Polish	45	25	20	90	75	20	30	20	10
Québécois	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	50	30	20	30	20	15
Filipino	0	0	0	180	100	85	0	0	0
French Canadian	0	0	0	40	30	10	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	65	40	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	45	30	10	15	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	30	0	25	10	0	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	35	25	10	15	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	70	45	25	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	45	25	20	30	20	0
Acadian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Jewish	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	60	45	15	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	15	15	0	20	0	15
Korean	0	0	0	50	35	15	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	40	40	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	25	0	25	10	0	10
Colombian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	40	10	25	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	25	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	420	235	190	2,465	1,385	1,075	415	220	190
Buddhist	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Christian	195	100	95	885	475	410	165	85	75
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	80	45	35	225	100	125	35	15	20
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	25	25	0	15	10	0
Baptist	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Catholic	60	30	35	495	265	235	90	55	30
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	10	0	0	65	35	35	15	0	15
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	80	45	40	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	20	15	10	155	100	50	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	180	105	75	1,280	720	555	250	135	110
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	425	235	185	2,445	1,375	1,070	415	225	195
Non-movers	380	215	170	1,340	790	550	365	195	165
Movers	35	20	20	1,105	585	525	45	25	25
Non-migrants	35	20	20	755	400	360	30	20	15
Migrants	0	0	0	355	190	170	15	0	15
Internal migrants	0	0	0	325	175	155	15	0	15
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	150	95	55	15	0	15
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	420	235	185	2,430	1,365	1,065	405	215	190
Non-movers	310	175	135	465	275	195	210	120	95
Movers	110	60	50	1,960	1,090	870	195	100	100
Non-migrants	50	30	20	1,025	560	465	150	85	65
Migrants	55	30	30	935	530	405	45	15	35
Internal migrants	30	15	10	635	365	275	40	10	30
Intraprovincial migrants	15	10	10	295	190	105	25	10	15
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	345	170	170	15	0	15
External migrants	35	15	20	300	165	130	10	0	10
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	340	190	150	2,345	1,315	1,035	360	180	180
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	30	20	10	150	110	40	65	45	15
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	310	170	140	2,200	1,205	990	300	135	160
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	215	110	105	1,825	1,025	800	225	130	95
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	10	0	10	65	50	15	35	30	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	210	110	100	1,760	975	785	190	100	95
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	340	185	150	2,350	1,315	1,035	360	180	180
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	20	10	140	100	35	45	30	15
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	70	40	40	530	335	195	95	40	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	235	130	105	1,680	880	800	220	110	110
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	50	20	30	540	275	265	110	50	60
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	15	10	15	90	65	25	35	30	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	0	15	40	25	15	20	15	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0	55	40	10	15	15	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	20	0	15	350	150	200	55	10	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	0	100	60	40	20	0	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	185	110	75	1,140	605	535	105	60	45
Bachelor's degree	100	60	45	760	390	365	80	55	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	10	0	70	40	25	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	40	15	25	0	0	0
Master's degree	60	40	20	260	150	110	20	10	15
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	220	115	110	1,830	1,025	800	225	125	100
No certificate, diploma or degree	10	0	10	65	45	15	25	20	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	25	20	10	340	230	105	65	30	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	185	100	90	1,425	745	680	140	80	60
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	20	20	445	215	230	70	40	30
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	0	10	70	45	25	25	25	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	10	0	10	25	10	15	15	10	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	45	35	10	15	15	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	15	10	10	300	130	165	30	10	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	0	75	35	35	15	10	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	140	75	70	985	530	450	65	40	30
Bachelor's degree	80	45	40	625	335	290	55	35	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	65	40	30	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	15	40	15	25	0	0	0
Master's degree	45	25	20	235	135	100	15	0	10
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	335	190	150	2,350	1,315	1,035	360	180	180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	100	55	45	670	435	235	140	70	75
Education	15	10	10	50	20	30	20	0	20
13. Education	15	10	10	50	20	30	20	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	65	25	40	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	55	20	35	10	0	10
Humanities	15	10	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	15	30	195	80	115	25	10	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	50	40	10	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	45	15	30	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	10	10	0	70	15	55	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	35	30	10	535	260	275	45	10	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	25	0	20	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35	30	10	510	255	255	35	10	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	15	15	70	40	35	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	25	0	15	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	10	15	10	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	110	75	35	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	0	110	75	35	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	40	30	0	335	260	75	55	55	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
14. Engineering	20	20	0	165	130	35	20	20	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	65	45	20	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	40	35	10	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	15	0	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	15	15	0	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	25	15	15	25	10	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	10	0	25	15	15	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Health and related fields	20	0	15	190	60	130	20	10	15
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	0	15	165	40	120	20	10	15
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	220	110	105	1,825	1,025	805	225	130	100
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	35	15	20	400	280	125	90	50	40
Education	15	0	10	45	15	25	0	0	0
13. Education	15	0	10	45	15	25	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	60	20	40	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Humanities	15	0	10	25	10	15	0	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	0	20	160	65	95	20	10	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	40	35	10	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	30	0	25	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	55	15	45	15	10	0
Business, management and public administration	35	25	10	460	215	245	25	10	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35	25	10	445	210	225	25	10	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	10	15	55	30	25	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	85	60	25	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	0	85	60	25	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	30	25	0	275	215	60	35	35	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
14. Engineering	10	10	0	140	115	20	0	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	15	0	0	60	40	20	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	30	25	0	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	10	10	0	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	20	10	10	25	10	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	20	10	10	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Health and related fields	15	0	15	175	60	115	15	0	10
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	15	0	15	145	35	115	15	0	10
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0	60	35	25	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	220	110	105	1,825	1,025	805	225	130	100
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35	15	20	400	280	125	90	50	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	185	95	90	1,425	745	680	140	80	60
Location of study inside Canada	120	60	55	1,045	580	465	130	75	55
Same as province or territory of residence	80	40	40	680	395	290	85	50	30
Different than province or territory of residence	40	20	15	360	190	175	40	25	20
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	65	35	30	380	165	215	10	0	10
Americas	0	0	0	120	50	70	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	15	10	10	55	35	20	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	45	25	20	190	70	125	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	15	10	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	30	10	10	15	0	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	340	185	150	2,350	1,315	1,035	360	180	180
In the labour force	225	120	100	1,990	1,090	900	200	120	80
Employed	200	110	90	1,765	975	785	150	95	55
Unemployed	20	10	10	225	110	115	50	25	25
Not in the labour force	115	70	45	355	230	135	160	65	100
Participation rate	66.2	64.9	66.7	84.7	82.9	87.0	55.6	66.7	44.4
Employment rate	58.8	59.5	60.0	75.1	74.1	75.8	41.7	52.8	30.6
Unemployment rate	8.9	8.3	10.0	11.3	10.1	12.8	25.0	20.8	31.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	335	190	150	2,350	1,315	1,035	360	180	180
Did not work¹⁸⁶	120	75	45	470	290	180	160	65	95
Worked	220	115	105	1,880	1,025	855	200	115	85
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	105	70	40	1,010	590	420	95	70	30
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	105	45	65	865	430	435	105	50	55
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.8	41.6	35.6	40.5	41.2	39.6	40.2	42.0	37.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	220	120	105	1,995	1,085	905	200	115	80
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	35	30	10	10	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	220	120	100	1,960	1,060	895	185	115	75
Employee	160	90	65	1,725	910	815	150	80	70
Permanent position	125	75	50	1,410	770	640	120	65	60
Temporary position	35	20	20	320	140	170	30	15	15
Fixed term (1 year or more)	0	0	0	185	75	105	0	0	0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	30	20	15	130	65	70	15	0	15
Self-employed¹⁹²	65	30	35	230	150	80	40	35	0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	220	120	105	1,995	1,085	905	200	115	80
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	35	30	10	10	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	220	120	100	1,960	1,060	895	185	115	75
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	10	10	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	40	20	25	515	270	245	25	10	15
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	55	40	15	215	160	60	35	20	10
3 Health occupations	15	0	15	145	40	105	20	10	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	15	0	15	210	105	100	20	0	20
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	75	40	35	10	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	55	30	30	540	220	320	35	25	10
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10	10	0	185	160	30	30	30	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	20	20	0	10	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	20	20	0	40	30	0	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	220	120	105	1,995	1,085	905	200	115	80
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	35	30	10	10	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	220	120	100	1,960	1,060	895	185	115	75
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	25	10	170	115	55	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
23 Construction	0	0	0	135	110	20	20	15	0
31-33 Manufacturing	25	25	0	50	20	30	10	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	75	40	35	15	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	10	0	0	140	60	85	10	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	70	35	35	10	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	15	10	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	145	85	55	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15	10	10	35	20	15	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	35	15	15	370	255	115	30	15	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	0	0	85	55	35	0	0	0
61 Educational services	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0
62 Health care and social assistance	25	0	25	195	45	155	30	0	25
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	0	35	0	30	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	20	10	10	210	95	110	10	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	60	20	45	15	15	0
91 Public administration	0	0	0	45	35	10	10	10	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	245	140	105	2,010	1,085	920	220	125	95
English	240	135	105	1,925	1,045	880	215	125	90
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	45	25	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	245	140	105	2,010	1,085	920	220	125	95
Single responses	245	140	105	2,010	1,085	920	220	125	95
Official languages	240	135	105	1,990	1,075	915	220	125	95
English	240	135	105	1,975	1,075	905	220	125	95
French	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	245	140	105	2,010	1,085	920	220	125	95
None	240	135	105	1,925	1,045	880	215	125	90
English	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
French	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	205	115	90	1,765	980	785	145	95	50
Worked at home	90	45	45	610	365	240	65	40	30
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	15	15	0	220	135	85	10	10	0
Usual place of work	95	55	45	930	475	460	70	45	25
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	95	55	40	930	470	460	70	45	25
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	80	45	40	825	400	415	65	40	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	115	65	45	1,150	605	540	85	55	25
Car, truck or van	90	60	30	635	365	270	75	55	15
Car, truck or van - as a driver	85	60	25	570	320	245	65	55	15
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	65	45	25	0	0	0
Public transit	10	0	0	135	45	95	0	0	0
Walked	10	0	10	305	145	160	0	0	0
Bicycle	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	60	45	15	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	115	65	45	1,150	605	540	85	55	25
Less than 15 minutes	0	0	0	400	225	175	10	0	0
15 to 29 minutes	55	30	20	480	250	235	50	40	10
30 to 44 minutes	30	20	10	165	80	85	20	10	0
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	20	10	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	115	65	45	1,150	605	540	85	55	25
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	0	0	60	45	15	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	0	0	0	215	140	80	15	15	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	35	20	10	250	135	115	25	20	10
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	20	10	10	270	140	125	15	10	0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	40	20	25	210	85	125	15	15	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10	10	0	140	65	85	0	0	0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	105	60	50	110	60	50	80	40	35
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	5	5	0	5	15	10	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	100	55	40	105	55	50	65	30	30
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	100	50	40	80	40	40	55	30	30
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	5	0	0	0	10	5	0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	95	55	40	80	40	35	45	25	25

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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