Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48061577More information: Alberta [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	1,931	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	854	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	784	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,484.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1.30	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	1,925	855	1,070
0 to 14 years	320	170	150
0 to 4 years	80	35	40
5 to 9 years	125	65	60
10 to 14 years	120	65	50
15 to 64 years	1,155	520	635
15 to 19 years	85	45	45
20 to 24 years	110	35	75
25 to 29 years	125	60	65
30 to 34 years	125	60	65
35 to 39 years	150	65	85
40 to 44 years	145	60	85
45 to 49 years	120	65	60
50 to 54 years	110	50	55
55 to 59 years	90	40	45
60 to 64 years	95	40	55
65 years and over	455	170	285
65 to 69 years	85	40	45
70 to 74 years	90	50	45
75 to 79 years	95	35	65
80 to 84 years	45	15	30
85 years and over	135	40	100
85 to 89 years	50	15	35
90 to 94 years	55	15	40
95 to 99 years	25	5	20
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	19.9	14.0
15 to 64 years	60.0	60.8	59.3
65 years and over	23.6	19.9	26.6
85 years and over	7.0	4.7	9.3
Average age of the population	43.8	41.0	46.0
Median age of the population	42.0	40.0	43.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	785	...	...
Single-detached house	190	...	...
Semi-detached house	35	...	...
Row house	165	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	20	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	325	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	45	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	780	...	...
1 person	310	...	...
2 persons	230	...	...
3 persons	100	...	...
4 persons	100	...	...
5 or more persons	50	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,715	790	925
Average household size	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,605	685	920
Married or living common-law	845	425	420
Married	700	350	345
Living common-law	150	75	75
Living common law - Never married	120	55	60
Living common law - Separated	5	5	0
Living common law - Divorced	25	15	10
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	765	260	500
Not married and not living common law - Never married	425	185	240
Not married and not living common law - Separated	55	25	25
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	150	40	110
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	135	15	125
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	455	...	...
2 persons	215	...	...
3 persons	100	...	...
4 persons	105	...	...
5 or more persons	35	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	455	...	...
Total couple families	385	...	...
Married couples	310	...	...
With children⁶	190	...	...
Without children	125	...	...
Common-law couples	75	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...
Without children	65	...	...
Total one-parent families	70	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	60	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	1,720	790	925
Total - Persons in census families	1,330	645	690
Married spouses or common-law partners	770	385	385
Parents in one-parent families	70	10	60
Children⁶	490	245	245
In a two-parent family	365	185	180
In a one-parent family	125	60	65
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	385	150	240
Living alone	315	115	195
Living with other relatives⁷	25	15	10
Living with non-relatives only	50	15	35
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	785	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	420	...	...
Couple-family households	355	...	...
With children⁶	180	...	...
Without children	175	...	...
One-parent-family households	65	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	25	...	...
One-person households	310	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,400	620	780
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,340	595	750
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,800	71,000	45,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,340	595	750
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	58,800	42,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,210	540	675
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,800	75,000	41,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	960	435	525
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,600	72,000	44,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,170	500	660
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,450	3,640	7,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	115	50	60
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	370	155	220
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	8,000	8,700
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,355	605	750
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,300	580	725
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	118,400	140,500	100,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,300	580	725
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	85,000	100,800	72,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,180	525	655
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	120,800	145,500	101,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	915	425	490
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	132,000	146,000	120,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,145	485	660
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,680	9,040	10,140
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	120	75	45
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,800	5,600	6,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	380	180	200
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,520	9,200	9,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,360	605	750
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	460	215	240
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	101,000	109,000	91,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	188,000	240,000	141,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	355	165	185
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,400	22,800	16,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	42,200	56,800	29,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	92.8	95.0	90.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	78.8	76.0	81.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	7.2	5.4	9.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.4	0.5	0.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	2.6	2.2	3.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.3	2.0	2.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,395	620	780
Without total income	55	25	30
With total income	1,340	590	745
Under $10,000 (including loss)	105	45	60
$10,000 to $19,999	110	35	70
$20,000 to $29,999	205	70	130
$30,000 to $39,999	110	45	65
$40,000 to $49,999	120	45	75
$50,000 to $59,999	90	35	55
$60,000 to $69,999	55	15	45
$70,000 to $79,999	65	25	40
$80,000 to $89,999	50	20	30
$90,000 to $99,999	40	15	30
$100,000 and over	390	240	155
$100,000 to $149,999	165	85	75
$150,000 and over	225	150	75
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,395	620	780
Without after-tax income	55	25	30
With after-tax income	1,340	590	745
Under $10,000 (including loss)	120	50	70
$10,000 to $19,999	110	35	70
$20,000 to $29,999	220	85	135
$30,000 to $39,999	135	55	80
$40,000 to $49,999	140	55	90
$50,000 to $59,999	85	25	60
$60,000 to $69,999	65	30	40
$70,000 to $79,999	70	25	45
$80,000 to $89,999	60	25	30
$90,000 to $99,999	55	25	25
$100,000 and over	285	185	100
$100,000 to $124,999	85	50	35
$125,000 and over	205	135	65
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,395	620	780
Without employment income	435	180	250
With employment income	965	440	525
Under $5,000 (including loss)	130	50	85
$5,000 to $9,999	65	25	40
$10,000 to $19,999	95	35	65
$20,000 to $29,999	65	30	30
$30,000 to $39,999	60	25	40
$40,000 to $49,999	50	25	30
$50,000 to $59,999	50	20	35
$60,000 to $69,999	45	15	30
$70,000 to $79,999	35	15	20
$80,000 to $89,999	30	15	20
$90,000 to $99,999	30	15	20
$100,000 and over	300	180	125
$100,000 to $124,999	80	40	40
$125,000 and over	215	140	80
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,400	620	780
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,315	585	735
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,200	66,000	45,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,315	585	735
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,400	56,800	40,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,205	535	675
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,600	73,000	44,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	970	435	525
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,200	68,000	44,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,100	475	630
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,010	900	1,240
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	55	20	35
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,750	6,500	9,400
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,355	605	750
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,275	560	715
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	115,200	161,000	79,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,275	560	715
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	84,200	112,800	61,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,170	520	650
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	119,600	170,000	79,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	925	420	510
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	125,800	176,000	84,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,075	455	620
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,310	5,380	7,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	40	25	20
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,500	9,500	8,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,360	605	750
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	460	220	240
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	95,000	108,000	86,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	197,000	266,000	134,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	340	165	175
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,600	34,000	27,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	63,200	90,000	38,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	95.2	97.0	92.4
Employment income (%)	79.2	81.0	76.0
Government transfers (%)	4.6	2.7	7.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.2	0.2	0.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	780	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	310	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	470	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	155,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	770	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	199,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	142,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	340	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	116,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	430	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	264,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	191,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	780	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	55	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	35	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	380	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	65	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	40	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	70	...	...
$200,000 and over	205	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	780	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	55	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	325	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	50	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	50	...	...
$150,000 and over	225	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	455	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	157,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	175	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	195	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	256,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	202,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	70	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	365	135	230
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,200	46,400	40,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,000	39,600	36,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	420	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	268,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	194,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	165	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	172,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	180	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	412,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	280,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	380	145	235
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	108,400	78,000	127,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	76,400	64,000	84,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	1,715	795	930
0 to 17 years	370	195	175
0 to 5 years	115	60	55
18 to 64 years	1,100	490	610
65 years and over	250	110	145
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	180	75	110
0 to 17 years	35	15	15
0 to 5 years	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	100	40	60
65 years and over	50	15	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.6	9.2	11.6
0 to 17 years (%)	9.0	9.0	9.0
0 to 5 years (%)	6.0	10.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	9.2	8.8	9.6
65 years and over (%)	19.0	14.0	24.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	1,720	790	925
0 to 17 years	370	195	170
0 to 5 years	115	60	55
18 to 64 years	1,100	485	615
65 years and over	250	110	140
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	85	35	50
0 to 17 years	15	5	5
0 to 5 years	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	70	25	40
65 years and over	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.9	4.0	5.6
0 to 17 years (%)	3.6	4.0	3.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	6.2	5.2	6.8
65 years and over (%)	1.6	x	3.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	1,715	790	930
In bottom half of the distribution	630	255	375
In bottom decile	130	55	80
In second decile	175	70	105
In third decile	135	60	75
In fourth decile	85	30	55
In fifth decile	100	40	65
In top half of the distribution	1,085	535	555
In sixth decile	60	30	35
In seventh decile	65	30	35
In eighth decile	115	50	65
In ninth decile	235	110	120
In top decile	605	310	290
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	1,720	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.490	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.552	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.430	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	6.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	1,785	805	980
English only	1,540	690	850
French only	5	0	0
English and French	225	105	115
Neither English nor French	20	10	15
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	1,785	805	980
English	1,690	765	925
French	60	25	30
English and French	10	5	10
Neither English nor French	20	10	15
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	1,785	805	980
Single responses	1,710	770	940
Official languages	1,345	605	735
English	1,290	580	710
French	50	25	25
Non-official languages	370	165	200
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	370	165	200
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	20	30
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	5	10
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	15	5	10
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	10	20
Amharic	5	5	0
Arabic	25	10	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	180	90	90
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	15	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	10	25
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	5
German	10	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	5	15
Afrikaans	10	0	5
Dutch	15	0	15
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages	25	10	15
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	10
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	15	5	10
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	85	45	40
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	0
Spanish	75	40	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	35	45
Chinese languages	80	35	45
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	20	30
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	5
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	75	35	40
English and French	15	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	50	25	25
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	1,785	805	980
English	1,345	605	740
French	10	5	10
Non-official language	85	45	45
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	85	45	45
English and French	60	25	30
English and non-official language(s)	255	115	135
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	1,785	805	980
Single responses	1,705	765	935
Official languages	1,525	685	840
English	1,495	675	820
French	30	15	15
Non-official languages	180	80	100
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	180	80	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	10	20
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	5	10
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	15	5	10
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	5	10
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	15	5	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	75	35	40
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	10	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	10	5
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	10
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	10	5	10
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	35	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	25
Chinese languages	45	25	25
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	20	20
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80	35	40
English and French	15	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	60	30	30
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	1,785	805	975
None	1,510	685	825
English	95	40	55
French	40	20	15
Non-official language	115	50	65
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	115	50	65
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	1,655	790	865
Official languages	1,630	780	850
English	1,620	775	850
French	220	120	100
Non-official languages	420	175	245
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	420	175	245
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	25	30
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	55	25	30
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	55	25	30
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	0	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	0	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	240	95	140
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	20	0	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	15	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	10
Afrikaans	15	10	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	20	30
Indo-Aryan languages	50	20	30
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	35	10	25
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	10	10
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	130	45	85
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	115	40	70
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	25	15	15
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	40	45
Chinese languages	80	40	45
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	65	30	35
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,650	790	860
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	25	0	20
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	20	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0
Métis	15	0	15
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,625	785	840
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,650	790	860
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	10	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,640	785	860
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	770	...	...
Owner	430	...	...
Renter	345	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	770	...	...
Condominium	405	...	...
Not condominium	365	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	770	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...
1 bedroom	285	...	...
2 bedrooms	165	...	...
3 bedrooms	155	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	770	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	400	...	...
5 rooms	90	...	...
6 rooms	55	...	...
7 rooms	55	...	...
8 or more rooms	170	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	770	...	...
One person or fewer per room	765	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	770	...	...
Suitable	740	...	...
Not suitable	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	770	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	35	...	...
1981 to 1990	60	...	...
1991 to 2000	75	...	...
2001 to 2005	20	...	...
2006 to 2010	25	...	...
2011 to 2015	255	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	305	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	770	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	760	...	...
Major repairs needed	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	770	...	...
One-maintainer household	470	...	...
Two-maintainer household	300	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	770	...	...
15 to 24 years	30	...	...
25 to 34 years	170	...	...
35 to 44 years	150	...	...
45 to 54 years	125	...	...
55 to 64 years	105	...	...
65 to 74 years	100	...	...
75 to 84 years	70	...	...
85 years and over	20	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	775	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	550	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	230	...	...
30% to less than 100%	205	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	775	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	265	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	220	...	...
Not suitable only	25	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	510	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	750	...	...
In core need	95	...	...
Not in core need	655	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	425	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	63.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	22.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,080	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,900	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	750,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	840,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	350	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	34.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	38.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	25.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,300	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,260	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,650	785	860
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	35	10	25
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	35	10	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	10	15
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,610	780	835
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,650	790	860
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,545	750	795
Canadian citizens aged under 18	345	215	125
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,200	530	665
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	105	35	65
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,650	790	860
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	1,275	635	640
Immigrants⁸¹	355	145	210
Before 1980	45	25	25
1980 to 1990	20	0	15
1991 to 2000	50	20	30
2001 to 2010	130	45	80
2011 to 2021⁸²	110	50	60
2011 to 2015	65	30	35
2016 to 2021	40	15	25
Non-permanent residents⁸³	20	10	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	355	145	205
Under 5 years	35	0	25
5 to 14 years	60	20	45
15 to 24 years	90	35	50
25 to 44 years	130	65	60
45 years and over	40	15	25
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	355	145	205
Americas	60	20	40
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	35	15	20
Europe	90	50	45
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	0	15
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	15	20
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0
Africa	70	25	40
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	0	15
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	0	10
Asia	135	55	85
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	40	20	25
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	25	10	10
Taiwan	15	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	35	15	20
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	40	15	20
Americas	15	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	15	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	1,655	790	865
First generation¹⁰⁰	405	180	225
Second generation¹⁰¹	385	210	175
Third generation or more¹⁰²	865	400	460
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	310	120	190
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	165	75	95
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	40	35	0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	125	35	85
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	75	25	55
Refugees¹⁰⁸	60	25	40
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	310	120	190
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	15	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	20	15	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	10	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	0	10
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	235	80	155
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	1,650	790	860
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	400	175	225
South Asian	85	35	50
Chinese	120	65	60
Black	60	15	40
Filipino	0	0	0
Arab	30	10	20
Latin American	50	15	35
Southeast Asian	10	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	25	15	10
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	15	0	10
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,250	615	630
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	1,650	790	865
Canadian	75	45	35
English	440	230	210
Irish	255	90	160
Scottish	420	215	210
French, n.o.s.¹²²	190	105	85
German	195	100	90
Chinese	105	60	50
Italian	15	0	10
Indian (India)	45	25	15
Ukrainian	145	80	70
Dutch	60	25	35
Polish	80	35	40
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	65	40	30
Filipino	0	0	0
French Canadian	65	35	30
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	10	0	10
Métis	10	0	10
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	65	35	30
Russian	30	15	20
Norwegian	50	25	25
Welsh	10	10	0
Portuguese	15	0	0
American	20	10	15
Spanish	0	0	0
Swedish	50	15	40
Hungarian	40	25	15
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0
Jewish	10	10	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	25	15	15
Romanian	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0
Danish	25	10	15
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	30	10	20
Belgian	30	20	10
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	15	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	20	0	20
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	10	10
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	20	15	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	15	0	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	25	0	25
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	1,650	790	860
Buddhist	0	0	0
Christian	845	385	460
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	195	75	115
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	75	35	40
Baptist	10	0	0
Catholic	310	140	170
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	45	25	20
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0
Presbyterian	20	15	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	70	25	45
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	95	50	45
Hindu	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	75	35	45
Sikh	35	20	10
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	665	340	330
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,640	785	855
Non-movers	1,355	660	700
Movers	285	130	160
Non-migrants	245	110	135
Migrants	45	20	25
Internal migrants	45	20	25
Intraprovincial migrants	10	0	10
Interprovincial migrants	35	15	20
External migrants	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	1,585	760	825
Non-movers	710	375	335
Movers	875	385	495
Non-migrants	620	270	355
Migrants	255	115	140
Internal migrants	210	90	115
Intraprovincial migrants	125	45	80
Interprovincial migrants	85	50	35
External migrants	45	20	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,355	605	750
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	130	65	65
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,230	540	690
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	875	405	470
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	25	0	20
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	850	405	445
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,360	605	750
No certificate, diploma or degree	120	65	60
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	270	90	180
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	965	450	515
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	270	135	135
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	45	40	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	10	10	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	30	30	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	195	70	125
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	30	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	695	320	380
Bachelor's degree	460	210	250
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	10	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	15	15
Master's degree	160	70	95
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	10	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	875	405	465
No certificate, diploma or degree	25	0	20
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	115	55	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	735	350	390
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	195	105	85
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	25	25	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	15	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	140	55	85
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	25	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	535	240	300
Bachelor's degree	350	165	190
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	0	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	15	15
Master's degree	125	45	80
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,360	610	750
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	390	160	235
Education	60	10	45
13. Education	60	10	45
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	10	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	15
Humanities	50	0	40
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10
54. History	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	130	55	75
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	45	25	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	0	20
45. Social sciences	30	20	15
Business, management and public administration	260	115	145
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	10	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	235	105	130
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	20	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	30	15	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	40	30	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	25	10
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	160	135	25
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	0
14. Engineering	95	75	25
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	165	45	115
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	140	30	110
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	25	15	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	870	405	470
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	140	55	85
Education	45	0	40
13. Education	45	0	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0
Humanities	40	0	30
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	95	45	55
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	40	25	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	20	0	10
45. Social sciences	15	10	10
Business, management and public administration	200	90	115
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	190	90	100
Physical and life sciences and technologies	40	15	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	10	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	30	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	25	0
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	110	90	20
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	0
14. Engineering	80	60	20
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	135	40	90
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	110	25	85
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	15	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	870	405	470
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	140	55	85
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	735	345	385
Location of study inside Canada	580	270	300
Same as province or territory of residence	380	170	210
Different than province or territory of residence	200	105	95
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	160	70	85
Americas	60	25	35
United States of America	50	25	25
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	35	15	20
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	20	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	10
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	45	25	20
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	25	10	10
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,360	605	750
In the labour force	835	405	435
Employed	745	365	375
Unemployed	95	40	55
Not in the labour force	520	205	320
Participation rate	61.4	66.9	58.0
Employment rate	54.8	60.3	50.0
Unemployment rate	11.4	9.9	12.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,360	610	750
Did not work¹⁸⁶	485	180	300
Worked	875	430	450
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	480	235	245
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	400	195	205
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.5	39.6	41.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	840	405	435
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	10	30
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	800	390	410
Employee	645	295	355
Permanent position	510	240	270
Temporary position	135	50	85
Fixed term (1 year or more)	60	10	50
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	75	40	40
Self-employed¹⁹²	155	100	50
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	840	405	435
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	10	30
All occupations¹⁹¹	800	390	410
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	15	10	15
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	175	70	105
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	110	95	20
3 Health occupations	85	25	55
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	160	50	110
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	25	10	15
6 Sales and service occupations	140	75	65
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	55	35	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	15	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	15	15	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	840	405	435
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	10	30
All industries¹⁹¹	800	390	410
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	50	25	25
22 Utilities	15	10	0
23 Construction	50	35	10
31-33 Manufacturing	20	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	30	20	10
44-45 Retail trade	60	40	20
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	30	20	10
51 Information and cultural industries	15	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	20	10	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	25	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	170	90	75
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	30	15	15
61 Educational services	60	20	40
62 Health care and social assistance	125	20	105
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	30	10	15
72 Accommodation and food services	15	0	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	35	15	20
91 Public administration	25	15	10
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	915	440	480
English	880	425	455
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	20	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	915	440	480
Single responses	915	440	480
Official languages	910	440	475
English	900	430	470
French	10	0	0
Non-official languages	10	0	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	915	440	480
None	880	425	455
English	15	0	10
French	10	0	10
Non-official language	15	10	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	745	365	375
Worked at home	315	160	160
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	50	35	25
Usual place of work	375	175	200
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	375	175	200
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	355	170	190
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	425	210	220
Car, truck or van	345	180	165
Car, truck or van - as a driver	325	170	150
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	20	0	15
Public transit	30	0	25
Walked	15	0	10
Bicycle	20	15	0
Other method	20	10	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	425	210	220
Less than 15 minutes	135	90	40
15 to 29 minutes	230	85	145
30 to 44 minutes	45	15	25
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	20	20	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	425	210	220
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	15	15	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	80	35	40
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	105	40	65
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	110	70	40
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	75	35	40
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	50	15	35
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	375	200	175
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	65	30	40
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	310	170	140
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	290	150	135
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60	25	35
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	20	25
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	230	125	105

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 1, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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