Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48061571More information: Alberta [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	1,369	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	784	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	723	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	17,091.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.08	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	1,370	725	645
0 to 14 years	180	95	80
0 to 4 years	80	50	30
5 to 9 years	60	30	30
10 to 14 years	35	15	20
15 to 64 years	1,135	595	540
15 to 19 years	55	15	35
20 to 24 years	275	160	120
25 to 29 years	200	115	90
30 to 34 years	170	80	90
35 to 39 years	165	90	75
40 to 44 years	90	50	40
45 to 49 years	45	25	25
50 to 54 years	50	20	30
55 to 59 years	40	15	25
60 to 64 years	35	20	15
65 years and over	55	35	25
65 to 69 years	30	20	10
70 to 74 years	20	10	10
75 to 79 years	5	0	5
80 to 84 years	0	0	0
85 years and over	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.1	13.1	12.4
15 to 64 years	82.8	82.1	83.7
65 years and over	4.0	4.8	3.9
85 years and over	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	31.4	31.1	31.6
Median age of the population	29.4	28.6	29.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	725	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	490	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	230	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	720	...	...
1 person	310	...	...
2 persons	255	...	...
3 persons	95	...	...
4 persons	55	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,370	725	645
Average household size	1.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,190	625	565
Married or living common-law	540	270	265
Married	415	215	205
Living common-law	120	55	60
Living common law - Never married	110	55	60
Living common law - Separated	5	5	0
Living common law - Divorced	5	0	0
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	655	360	300
Not married and not living common law - Never married	545	315	235
Not married and not living common law - Separated	35	10	20
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	70	25	40
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	5	5	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	300	...	...
2 persons	180	...	...
3 persons	75	...	...
4 persons	45	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	300	...	...
Total couple families	255	...	...
Married couples	190	...	...
With children⁶	115	...	...
Without children	85	...	...
Common-law couples	60	...	...
With children⁶	5	...	...
Without children	55	...	...
Total one-parent families	50	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	40	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	1,370	725	645
Total - Persons in census families	780	375	405
Married spouses or common-law partners	505	250	255
Parents in one-parent families	50	5	45
Children⁶	225	115	105
In a two-parent family	170	85	80
In a one-parent family	55	30	25
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	590	345	240
Living alone	310	170	135
Living with other relatives⁷	55	30	20
Living with non-relatives only	220	140	80
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	720	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	295	...	...
Couple-family households	245	...	...
With children⁶	115	...	...
Without children	135	...	...
One-parent-family households	45	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	115	...	...
One-person households	310	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,195	630	565
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,085	570	520
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,200	34,400	28,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,085	570	520
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,600	32,000	28,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	960	515	440
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,000	29,000	22,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	870	480	385
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	23,800	27,400	19,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	995	515	480
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,640	4,280	7,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	110	60	50
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,120	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	455	250	205
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,245	695	550
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,080	605	475
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,300	45,800	33,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,080	605	475
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,100	40,400	30,500
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	990	565	420
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	42,600	27,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	895	535	355
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,900	42,000	26,700
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	960	555	410
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,360	6,600	10,720
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	90	55	35
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,700	5,000	6,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	480	245	230
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,240	8,100	8,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,245	695	550
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	325	240	90
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,800	58,400	43,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	52,800	56,400	43,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	490	265	225
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,600	26,800	12,500
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,800	31,000	22,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	81.6	87.0	72.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	74.0	81.0	60.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	18.4	13.1	27.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	1.0	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	9.8	7.6	13.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	9.0	7.1	12.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,190	625	565
Without total income	105	60	45
With total income	1,085	565	520
Under $10,000 (including loss)	115	45	70
$10,000 to $19,999	150	65	85
$20,000 to $29,999	250	135	115
$30,000 to $39,999	170	85	85
$40,000 to $49,999	140	85	60
$50,000 to $59,999	100	55	45
$60,000 to $69,999	45	30	20
$70,000 to $79,999	40	30	10
$80,000 to $89,999	30	20	15
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5
$100,000 and over	30	15	15
$100,000 to $149,999	25	10	10
$150,000 and over	5	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,190	625	565
Without after-tax income	105	60	45
With after-tax income	1,085	565	520
Under $10,000 (including loss)	115	45	70
$10,000 to $19,999	160	70	90
$20,000 to $29,999	275	155	120
$30,000 to $39,999	190	95	95
$40,000 to $49,999	150	80	65
$50,000 to $59,999	75	50	25
$60,000 to $69,999	60	30	25
$70,000 to $79,999	30	20	10
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	10
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5
$100,000 and over	15	5	5
$100,000 to $124,999	10	5	0
$125,000 and over	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,190	625	565
Without employment income	325	145	175
With employment income	870	480	390
Under $5,000 (including loss)	120	55	60
$5,000 to $9,999	110	50	65
$10,000 to $19,999	155	80	70
$20,000 to $29,999	110	70	35
$30,000 to $39,999	85	55	30
$40,000 to $49,999	85	50	35
$50,000 to $59,999	75	40	35
$60,000 to $69,999	25	20	10
$70,000 to $79,999	40	30	15
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	20	15	10
$100,000 and over	25	15	10
$100,000 to $124,999	20	5	10
$125,000 and over	5	5	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,195	630	565
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,060	560	500
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,000	26,600	23,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,060	560	500
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	24,200	25,800	23,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	925	500	425
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,200	28,400	24,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	825	460	370
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	23,800	25,600	21,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	930	480	450
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	960	920	1,020
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	50	35	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,400	5,600	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,245	695	550
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,065	590	470
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,900	42,000	30,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,065	590	470
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,900	36,800	27,900
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	950	555	395
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	42,000	31,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	880	530	355
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	41,200	30,300
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	925	515	410
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,800	2,890	4,940
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	60	55	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,600	6,400	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,245	695	550
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	315	225	90
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	46,800	55,200	38,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	50,400	54,800	39,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	440	240	200
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,400	20,600	18,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,400	32,800	27,400
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	91.2	94.0	86.0
Employment income (%)	82.8	87.0	74.5
Government transfers (%)	9.0	6.0	14.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	1.3	x
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	720	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	46,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	310	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	415	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	58,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	810	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	53,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	48,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	390	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	415	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	59,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	54,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	720	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	45	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	45	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	55	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	80	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	65	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	75	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	40	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	720	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	55	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	50	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	55	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	85	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	75	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	60	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	40	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	45	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	325	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	135	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	115	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	45	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	47,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	45,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	535	315	220
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,600	27,600	31,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	27,600	26,400	29,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	370	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	55,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	155	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	140	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	39,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	505	325	175
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,600	46,400	35,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,200	40,400	31,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	1,365	725	645
0 to 17 years	190	100	90
0 to 5 years	95	50	35
18 to 64 years	1,125	590	535
65 years and over	55	35	20
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	405	230	175
0 to 17 years	65	35	30
0 to 5 years	30	20	10
18 to 64 years	320	185	140
65 years and over	15	10	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	29.6	31.4	27.6
0 to 17 years (%)	34.0	36.0	34.0
0 to 5 years (%)	32.0	36.0	28.0
18 to 64 years (%)	28.9	31.2	26.4
65 years and over (%)	28.0	25.0	30.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	1,370	720	645
0 to 17 years	190	100	90
0 to 5 years	90	55	40
18 to 64 years	1,120	590	530
65 years and over	55	30	25
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	305	180	120
0 to 17 years	35	15	15
0 to 5 years	15	5	5
18 to 64 years	265	160	110
65 years and over	10	10	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	22.2	24.8	19.2
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	18.0	18.0
0 to 5 years (%)	16.0	16.0	16.0
18 to 64 years (%)	23.6	26.4	20.0
65 years and over (%)	10.0	20.0	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	1,370	725	645
In bottom half of the distribution	1,135	595	540
In bottom decile	385	220	165
In second decile	250	130	115
In third decile	200	105	95
In fourth decile	170	75	95
In fifth decile	135	70	60
In top half of the distribution	230	125	110
In sixth decile	75	45	35
In seventh decile	60	35	25
In eighth decile	50	25	25
In ninth decile	25	15	10
In top decile	20	10	10
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	1,370	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.327	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.442	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.303	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	5.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	1,370	720	645
English only	1,245	660	585
French only	5	0	0
English and French	90	45	45
Neither English nor French	35	15	15
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	1,370	720	645
English	1,300	695	610
French	25	10	15
English and French	15	5	10
Neither English nor French	25	15	15
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	1,370	720	645
Single responses	1,265	675	595
Official languages	655	355	300
English	635	345	290
French	20	10	10
Non-official languages	615	320	295
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	615	320	295
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	35	45
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	5
Somali	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	30	40
Amharic	15	5	10
Arabic	45	20	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	20	20
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	5	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	15	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	85	45	40
Kannada	5	5	0
Malayalam	40	20	25
Tamil	25	15	10
Telugu	15	5	5
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	310	175	135
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	0	10
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	5
Serbian	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	240	140	100
Indo-Aryan languages	160	105	55
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	25	15	15
Gujarati	50	50	5
Hindi	40	20	15
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	5
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0
Urdu	20	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	75	35	45
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	70	30	40
Dari	10	5	5
Iranian Persian	60	25	35
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	25	25
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5
Romanian	0	5	0
Spanish	35	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	35	45
Chinese languages	75	35	45
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	25	35
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	100	50	50
English and French	5	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	85	45	40
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	1,370	720	645
English	660	355	305
French	10	5	5
Non-official language	170	75	90
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	170	75	90
English and French	10	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	490	270	220
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	1,370	720	645
Single responses	1,240	650	590
Official languages	820	430	385
English	805	425	380
French	15	5	5
Non-official languages	420	215	200
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	420	215	200
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	30	30
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	5
Somali	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	25	30
Amharic	5	0	5
Arabic	40	20	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	15
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	5	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	20	25
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	15	15
Tamil	10	0	5
Telugu	10	10	5
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	235	135	95
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	195	115	75
Indo-Aryan languages	135	90	45
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	25	15	10
Gujarati	45	45	5
Hindi	25	15	10
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0
Urdu	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	60	25	35
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	60	25	30
Dari	5	5	0
Iranian Persian	50	20	30
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	20	15
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	5	5
Romanian	0	5	0
Spanish	25	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	5	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	15	25
Chinese languages	40	15	25
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	10	25
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	130	75	55
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	125	70	55
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	1,370	725	645
None	945	495	450
English	200	110	90
French	15	5	10
Non-official language	135	65	70
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	135	65	70
English and French	0	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	30	25	10
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	35	20	15
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	1,445	790	660
Official languages	1,425	780	645
English	1,410	770	640
French	105	65	40
Non-official languages	895	470	430
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	895	470	430
Afro-Asiatic languages	145	80	65
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	145	70	65
Amharic	20	0	20
Arabic	120	70	55
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	35	15
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	35	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10
Dravidian languages	105	50	55
Kannada	20	15	10
Malayalam	60	30	35
Tamil	45	30	15
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	480	235	250
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	0	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	15	0	10
German	15	0	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	360	170	190
Indo-Aryan languages	220	95	125
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	40	25	25
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	110	50	60
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	15	20
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	30	15	15
Urdu	40	15	25
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10
Iranian languages	140	75	65
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	140	75	65
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	125	65	55
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	0	10
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	105	50	50
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	90	45	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	65	50	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	35	25	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	15	15	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	50	30
Chinese languages	80	50	30
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	75	50	30
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	15	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,450	790	660
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	30	15	20
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	30	15	20
First Nations (North American Indian)	20	15	0
Métis	15	0	15
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,415	775	645
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,450	790	660
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	10	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,435	780	655
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	810	...	...
Owner	10	...	...
Renter	800	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	810	...	...
Condominium	290	...	...
Not condominium	515	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	810	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	455	...	...
2 bedrooms	345	...	...
3 bedrooms	0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	810	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	730	...	...
5 rooms	60	...	...
6 rooms	15	...	...
7 rooms	10	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	810	...	...
One person or fewer per room	740	...	...
More than one person per room	65	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	810	...	...
Suitable	690	...	...
Not suitable	120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	810	...	...
1960 or before	35	...	...
1961 to 1980	305	...	...
1981 to 1990	185	...	...
1991 to 2000	125	...	...
2001 to 2005	65	...	...
2006 to 2010	50	...	...
2011 to 2015	25	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	810	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	785	...	...
Major repairs needed	25	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	810	...	...
One-maintainer household	535	...	...
Two-maintainer household	250	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	20	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	810	...	...
15 to 24 years	150	...	...
25 to 34 years	240	...	...
35 to 44 years	205	...	...
45 to 54 years	105	...	...
55 to 64 years	60	...	...
65 to 74 years	40	...	...
75 to 84 years	15	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	750	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	390	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	355	...	...
30% to less than 100%	300	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	810	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	445	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	300	...	...
Not suitable only	65	...	...
Major repairs needed only	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	55	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	370	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	700	...	...
In core need	165	...	...
Not in core need	535	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	...	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	x	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	x	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	800	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	8.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	48.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	23.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,250	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,324	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,450	790	655
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	35	10	25
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	35	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	10	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	15
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,410	775	635
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,450	790	660
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	775	440	335
Canadian citizens aged under 18	100	45	60
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	675	395	275
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	675	350	325
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,450	790	660
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	560	310	250
Immigrants⁸¹	585	315	270
Before 1980	15	15	0
1980 to 1990	20	10	0
1991 to 2000	45	25	15
2001 to 2010	75	45	30
2011 to 2021⁸²	435	220	220
2011 to 2015	90	45	45
2016 to 2021	345	170	175
Non-permanent residents⁸³	305	165	130
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	590	315	270
Under 5 years	50	25	25
5 to 14 years	95	50	50
15 to 24 years	80	55	20
25 to 44 years	340	175	165
45 years and over	15	0	15
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	590	315	270
Americas	50	20	30
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	20	0	15
El Salvador	10	0	10
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	30	25	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0
Africa	150	90	65
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	20	0	15
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	65	40	25
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	30	10
Asia	355	185	170
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	75	40	30
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	10	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	10	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	40	30	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	160	70	95
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	340	170	175
Americas	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	10	10	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0
Africa	80	45	40
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	55	25	30
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	240	110	130
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	135	55	80
Iran⁸⁸	50	30	25
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	20	10	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	1,450	790	660
First generation¹⁰⁰	905	490	415
Second generation¹⁰¹	185	90	100
Third generation or more¹⁰²	360	210	150
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	570	305	275
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	430	230	200
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	165	120	45
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	265	110	155
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	60	30	30
Refugees¹⁰⁸	70	35	40
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	570	305	275
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	15	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	60	35	25
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	30	15	15
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	50	30	20
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	420	205	215
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	1,450	790	660
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	940	505	435
South Asian	325	140	190
Chinese	95	60	35
Black	185	130	60
Filipino	50	35	15
Arab	95	50	45
Latin American	65	30	35
Southeast Asian	0	0	0
West Asian	110	50	60
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	15	0	10
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	505	285	225
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	1,445	790	660
Canadian	55	20	40
English	100	65	40
Irish	115	75	35
Scottish	125	70	60
French, n.o.s.¹²²	75	50	30
German	100	60	45
Chinese	100	60	35
Italian	10	0	0
Indian (India)	175	70	110
Ukrainian	50	20	25
Dutch	25	20	0
Polish	35	30	0
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	30	15	15
Filipino	45	30	20
French Canadian	15	10	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0
Métis	25	0	25
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	30	10	15
Russian	20	10	10
Norwegian	30	25	0
Welsh	25	10	15
Portuguese	10	10	0
American	0	0	0
Spanish	20	15	0
Swedish	20	10	10
Hungarian	10	10	0
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	25	25	0
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	40	20	20
Greek	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	20	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	10	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	100	55	40
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	20	10	10
Belgian	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	10	10	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	25	15	10
Croatian	15	0	15
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	65	35	35
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	35	10	20
Icelandic	10	10	0
Colombian	40	20	20
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	65	30	35
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	35	15	20
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	10	0
Nigerian	40	30	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	20	15	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	30	15	15
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	35	10	25
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	1,450	790	660
Buddhist	30	10	20
Christian	470	300	170
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	165	100	70
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	15	15	0
Baptist	0	0	0
Catholic	180	115	70
Christian Orthodox	15	0	10
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	20	20	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	20	15	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	10	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	25	20	0
Hindu	125	45	80
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	290	140	150
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	45	10	35
No religion and secular perspectives	485	280	205
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,440	790	650
Non-movers	850	465	385
Movers	585	325	265
Non-migrants	305	160	145
Migrants	280	160	120
Internal migrants	90	60	30
Intraprovincial migrants	60	45	15
Interprovincial migrants	30	15	15
External migrants	190	100	90
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	1,360	740	625
Non-movers	225	130	95
Movers	1,135	610	525
Non-migrants	365	190	175
Migrants	770	415	355
Internal migrants	260	165	100
Intraprovincial migrants	160	100	60
Interprovincial migrants	100	60	40
External migrants	510	260	250
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,245	695	550
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	65	30	35
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,175	665	515
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	895	500	395
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	35	20	15
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	855	485	380
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,245	695	550
No certificate, diploma or degree	50	20	30
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	265	175	95
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	925	500	425
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	180	90	90
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	10	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	10	0	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	145	65	75
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	15	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	750	410	335
Bachelor's degree	385	185	200
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	15	15
Master's degree	235	140	95
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	90	60	30
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	895	500	390
No certificate, diploma or degree	35	10	20
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	90	70	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	770	415	355
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	125	60	60
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	15	0	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	100	55	50
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	650	355	290
Bachelor's degree	290	135	155
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	20	15
Master's degree	230	135	90
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	90	60	30
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,245	695	550
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	320	195	120
Education	35	0	30
13. Education	35	0	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	10	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	25	10	15
Humanities	45	10	35
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	80	55	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	15	0
45. Social sciences	40	25	15
Business, management and public administration	145	100	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	135	100	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	140	65	70
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	110	55	60
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	75	55	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	50	15
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	180	120	60
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0
14. Engineering	130	75	60
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	30	30	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	40	20	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	20	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	145	45	100
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	130	45	90
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	10	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	895	500	395
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	120	85	35
Education	30	0	25
13. Education	30	0	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	25	0	15
Humanities	40	10	30
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	60	50	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	10	0
45. Social sciences	35	25	10
Business, management and public administration	135	90	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	125	90	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	125	65	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	55	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	45	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	35	15
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	115	70	45
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0
14. Engineering	85	40	40
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	35	20	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	20	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	135	45	80
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	120	45	75
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	895	500	395
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	120	85	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	775	415	355
Location of study inside Canada	280	160	120
Same as province or territory of residence	210	105	100
Different than province or territory of residence	75	50	15
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	490	255	235
Americas	70	40	30
United States of America	20	10	10
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	25	15	10
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	0
Europe	35	20	15
Belgium	0	0	0
France	10	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	65	30	35
Nigeria	15	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	40	20	20
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	330	170	160
Iran⁸⁸	100	50	50
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	25	15	10
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	25	20	10
Philippines	20	10	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	15	10	10
India	115	55	65
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,245	695	550
In the labour force	990	585	405
Employed	845	525	315
Unemployed	150	60	90
Not in the labour force	250	105	145
Participation rate	79.5	84.2	73.6
Employment rate	67.9	75.5	57.3
Unemployment rate	15.2	10.3	22.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,245	695	550
Did not work¹⁸⁶	350	160	190
Worked	895	540	355
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	355	255	100
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	540	285	255
Average weeks worked in reference year	37.4	39.4	34.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	990	590	405
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	10	40
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	945	580	360
Employee	845	515	335
Permanent position	485	300	185
Temporary position	360	215	150
Fixed term (1 year or more)	210	125	80
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	155	85	65
Self-employed¹⁹²	95	65	30
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	990	590	405
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	10	40
All occupations¹⁹¹	945	580	360
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	105	60	45
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	145	100	40
3 Health occupations	105	40	70
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	195	115	85
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	35	25	0
6 Sales and service occupations	205	100	105
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	115	105	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	30	25	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	15	15	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	990	590	405
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	10	40
All industries¹⁹¹	945	580	360
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	10	0
22 Utilities	10	10	0
23 Construction	50	50	0
31-33 Manufacturing	30	25	0
41 Wholesale trade	20	20	0
44-45 Retail trade	130	60	70
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	50	45	0
51 Information and cultural industries	15	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	45	30	15
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	30	25	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	85	50	35
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	35	30	0
61 Educational services	170	110	60
62 Health care and social assistance	145	50	90
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	10	15
72 Accommodation and food services	55	25	25
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	0	10
91 Public administration	20	10	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,015	610	400
English	965	590	375
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	20	0	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	0	10
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,015	610	400
Single responses	1,015	610	400
Official languages	980	590	385
English	970	590	385
French	10	10	0
Non-official languages	30	15	15
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	30	15	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,015	610	400
None	980	590	390
English	20	10	0
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	10	0	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	845	530	315
Worked at home	220	145	75
Worked outside Canada	15	10	0
No fixed workplace address	110	95	20
Usual place of work	495	280	215
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	500	280	210
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	465	270	195
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	25	15	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	610	375	230
Car, truck or van	370	250	125
Car, truck or van - as a driver	335	235	100
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	40	15	25
Public transit	100	50	50
Walked	130	80	55
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	610	375	230
Less than 15 minutes	130	55	75
15 to 29 minutes	355	240	110
30 to 44 minutes	80	55	25
45 to 59 minutes	10	0	10
60 minutes and over	35	25	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	610	375	230
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	25	20	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	95	55	35
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	150	95	55
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	145	90	55
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	70	35	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	120	75	50
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	190	100	95
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	5	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	185	90	90
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	105	50	55
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	100	45	55

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 1, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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