Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48061566More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062538More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	1,520	...	...	3,565	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	760	...	...	1,073	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	701	...	...	1,054	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	9,036.9	...	...	3,319.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.17	...	...	1.07	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	1,520	725	795	3,565	1,745	1,820
0 to 14 years	275	125	150	905	470	435
0 to 4 years	75	35	45	195	105	95
5 to 9 years	100	45	55	345	185	155
10 to 14 years	95	45	50	360	175	190
15 to 64 years	1,140	550	590	2,400	1,155	1,245
15 to 19 years	85	40	45	235	115	125
20 to 24 years	155	80	80	220	110	115
25 to 29 years	180	80	95	165	70	90
30 to 34 years	165	90	70	220	100	120
35 to 39 years	145	70	80	325	145	180
40 to 44 years	130	55	75	390	175	215
45 to 49 years	95	55	45	340	185	160
50 to 54 years	75	30	45	225	110	120
55 to 59 years	65	30	35	145	80	60
60 to 64 years	50	20	30	135	65	70
65 years and over	100	45	55	255	120	140
65 to 69 years	30	15	15	115	45	70
70 to 74 years	40	10	25	80	50	30
75 to 79 years	15	10	5	40	15	25
80 to 84 years	10	10	0	10	5	5
85 years and over	5	5	0	10	5	10
85 to 89 years	5	5	0	5	5	0
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	10	0	10
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.1	17.2	18.9	25.4	26.9	23.9
15 to 64 years	75.0	75.9	74.2	67.3	66.2	68.4
65 years and over	6.6	6.2	6.9	7.2	6.9	7.7
85 years and over	0.3	0.7	0.0	0.3	0.3	0.5
Average age of the population	33.6	33.4	33.7	33.8	33.4	34.1
Median age of the population	31.8	31.6	32.8	35.6	35.2	36.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	700	...	...	1,055	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	745	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	100	...	...
Row house	275	...	...	205	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	235	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	185	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	700	...	...	1,055	...	...
1 person	260	...	...	90	...	...
2 persons	230	...	...	230	...	...
3 persons	115	...	...	230	...	...
4 persons	55	...	...	305	...	...
5 or more persons	45	...	...	200	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,520	725	795	3,565	1,740	1,825
Average household size	2.2	...	...	3.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,245	600	645	2,655	1,270	1,390
Married or living common-law	535	270	270	1,725	865	860
Married	430	215	220	1,560	780	780
Living common-law	110	55	55	165	90	80
Living common law - Never married	95	50	45	140	65	70
Living common law - Separated	5	0	0	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	10	5	0	30	20	15
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	705	330	375	935	410	530
Not married and not living common law - Never married	535	275	255	695	340	360
Not married and not living common law - Separated	45	20	30	40	15	30
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	105	25	75	130	45	85
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	20	5	15	60	10	50
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	360	...	...	1,005	...	...
2 persons	175	...	...	310	...	...
3 persons	95	...	...	255	...	...
4 persons	50	...	...	315	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	125	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	365	...	...	1,000	...	...
Total couple families	255	...	...	845	...	...
Married couples	200	...	...	760	...	...
With children⁶	135	...	...	580	...	...
Without children	65	...	...	180	...	...
Common-law couples	50	...	...	85	...	...
With children⁶	15	...	...	35	...	...
Without children	45	...	...	50	...	...
Total one-parent families	110	...	...	155	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	90	...	...	130	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	20	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	1,520	725	795	3,565	1,740	1,825
Total - Persons in census families	1,060	490	570	3,300	1,605	1,695
Married spouses or common-law partners	505	255	255	1,695	850	850
Parents in one-parent families	110	20	85	155	25	130
Children⁶	440	210	225	1,450	735	715
In a two-parent family	260	130	135	1,185	610	575
In a one-parent family	175	80	95	270	125	140
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	460	235	230	265	135	130
Living alone	255	125	130	95	50	45
Living with other relatives⁷	60	15	40	80	30	50
Living with non-relatives only	150	90	60	90	55	35
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	700	...	...	1,050	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	340	...	...	790	...	...
Couple-family households	240	...	...	675	...	...
With children⁶	140	...	...	520	...	...
Without children	95	...	...	160	...	...
One-parent-family households	100	...	...	110	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...	90	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	10	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	15	...	...	50	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	80	...	...	25	...	...
One-person households	255	...	...	95	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,240	595	645	2,660	1,275	1,385
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,145	550	595	2,495	1,190	1,310
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	34,800	31,800	42,000	50,400	35,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,145	550	595	2,495	1,190	1,310
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,000	32,400	30,000	38,400	44,800	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,000	490	510	2,245	1,095	1,150
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	25,800	30,200	22,400	37,600	50,400	27,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	880	440	440	1,960	965	995
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,800	30,000	24,400	42,800	53,200	33,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,060	495	560	2,240	1,040	1,195
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,200	6,360	8,100	6,650	4,840	9,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	145	80	65	320	140	175
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,600	5,000	3,240	5,920	5,480	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	495	250	245	970	455	520
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	8,500	9,500	10,000	10,000	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,170	570	605	2,670	1,275	1,400
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,090	525	560	2,510	1,195	1,315
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,400	41,000	37,800	52,700	61,900	44,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,090	525	560	2,510	1,195	1,315
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,500	36,800	34,200	44,600	51,500	38,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	960	480	480	2,250	1,120	1,130
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	36,600	29,800	49,040	58,700	39,500
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	845	430	420	1,995	980	1,015
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	36,400	31,500	49,840	60,500	39,500
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,020	470	545	2,285	1,055	1,235
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,720	8,720	12,440	9,640	7,880	11,140
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	145	80	65	315	135	180
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,700	4,000	5,600	7,000	5,900	7,750
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	460	225	235	995	450	545
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,680	9,700	9,600	9,820	9,480	10,120
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,165	570	605	2,675	1,275	1,395
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	315	175	135	935	510	420
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,200	58,400	47,600	70,500	74,000	67,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,800	60,000	52,000	81,600	88,800	72,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	440	225	215	845	380	460
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,000	12,800	17,600	17,400	19,000	15,100
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,800	21,000	18,600	21,640	31,500	13,500
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	74.4	81.0	67.5	83.4	88.8	76.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	67.2	72.0	62.4	75.2	80.4	68.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	25.6	19.0	32.4	16.6	11.2	23.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.5	1.7	1.7	1.1	2.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	11.6	11.1	12.1	8.1	6.1	10.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	10.5	10.2	10.6	7.4	5.8	9.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,245	600	645	2,655	1,270	1,390
Without total income	95	45	50	160	85	75
With total income	1,150	555	595	2,500	1,185	1,310
Under $10,000 (including loss)	145	70	80	265	105	165
$10,000 to $19,999	145	75	75	275	120	150
$20,000 to $29,999	205	95	115	390	155	240
$30,000 to $39,999	205	95	110	265	105	160
$40,000 to $49,999	145	80	60	235	110	120
$50,000 to $59,999	95	40	55	190	90	105
$60,000 to $69,999	65	35	35	180	95	80
$70,000 to $79,999	60	30	25	150	70	80
$80,000 to $89,999	35	15	15	105	70	35
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	105	55	45
$100,000 and over	35	20	20	345	215	125
$100,000 to $149,999	30	10	20	245	140	105
$150,000 and over	5	5	0	100	80	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,245	600	645	2,655	1,270	1,390
Without after-tax income	95	45	50	160	85	75
With after-tax income	1,150	555	595	2,500	1,185	1,310
Under $10,000 (including loss)	145	70	80	270	105	170
$10,000 to $19,999	145	75	75	290	130	155
$20,000 to $29,999	255	110	145	430	170	260
$30,000 to $39,999	225	110	115	300	130	175
$40,000 to $49,999	135	70	65	270	125	140
$50,000 to $59,999	105	50	50	240	125	120
$60,000 to $69,999	75	35	40	195	100	95
$70,000 to $79,999	25	10	20	140	80	55
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	10	105	55	50
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	75	35	40
$100,000 and over	15	15	5	185	135	55
$100,000 to $124,999	10	5	5	105	65	35
$125,000 and over	5	5	0	85	65	20
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,245	600	645	2,655	1,270	1,390
Without employment income	365	160	205	695	305	395
With employment income	880	435	440	1,960	965	995
Under $5,000 (including loss)	130	65	70	245	95	150
$5,000 to $9,999	95	45	50	180	75	110
$10,000 to $19,999	135	55	75	225	85	135
$20,000 to $29,999	115	55	55	165	80	85
$30,000 to $39,999	115	60	50	145	60	85
$40,000 to $49,999	80	50	30	140	65	80
$50,000 to $59,999	65	30	35	135	75	60
$60,000 to $69,999	50	25	25	160	90	75
$70,000 to $79,999	45	25	15	100	45	55
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	10	95	60	30
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	65	30	30
$100,000 and over	30	20	15	310	200	110
$100,000 to $124,999	20	10	10	155	80	70
$125,000 and over	15	10	0	155	115	40
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,240	595	645	2,660	1,275	1,385
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,115	535	575	2,445	1,170	1,280
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,800	30,600	26,600	40,400	50,400	32,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,115	535	575	2,445	1,170	1,280
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,600	28,800	26,000	37,200	45,200	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	990	490	500	2,225	1,095	1,130
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,000	31,200	24,600	40,800	54,000	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	870	435	430	1,965	975	985
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,400	31,800	27,000	46,000	56,000	36,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	990	465	525	2,125	1,000	1,130
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,040	1,020	1,320	1,040	890	2,360
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	65	35	30	165	65	105
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,840	6,000	5,360	6,600	6,160	6,750
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,170	570	605	2,670	1,275	1,400
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,055	510	545	2,450	1,175	1,275
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,800	38,200	33,600	52,500	59,700	45,900
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,055	510	545	2,450	1,175	1,275
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,100	34,000	30,200	44,280	49,300	39,700
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	925	460	465	2,225	1,100	1,125
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,600	38,600	30,800	53,050	60,700	45,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	815	410	405	1,990	975	1,020
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,500	38,000	33,000	54,450	62,900	46,300
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	935	430	505	2,115	970	1,140
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,090	4,160	7,720	5,012	3,510	6,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	80	30	50	155	55	100
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,800	9,500	6,800	7,200	6,800	7,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,165	570	605	2,675	1,275	1,395
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	315	175	135	925	505	420
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,600	48,000	45,600	70,000	81,000	63,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	50,800	51,600	49,000	79,400	88,000	69,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	380	205	175	760	350	415
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,000	28,400	18,800	22,400	22,600	21,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,100	30,400	23,000	35,000	40,000	30,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.8	91.0	78.5	91.8	95.2	87.6
Employment income (%)	76.4	80.0	73.0	84.2	87.2	80.4
Government transfers (%)	15.2	9.1	21.6	8.2	4.9	12.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.4	1.9	0.9	0.5	1.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	700	...	...	1,055	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	56,800	...	...	115,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	52,400	...	...	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	255	...	...	95	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,200	...	...	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	60,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	445	...	...	960	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	122,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	107,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	675	...	...	1,050	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	63,500	...	...	126,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	57,200	...	...	106,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	265	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,600	...	...	77,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...	61,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	405	...	...	965	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,200	...	...	130,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	68,400	...	...	110,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	700	...	...	1,055	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	50	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	40	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	35	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	75	...	...	45	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	70	...	...	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	65	...	...	75	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	55	...	...	65	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	110	...	...	620	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	55	...	...	150	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	130	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15	...	...	185	...	...
$200,000 and over	10	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	700	...	...	1,055	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	55	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	35	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	50	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	45	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	85	...	...	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	90	...	...	100	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	60	...	...	85	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	55	...	...	80	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	80	...	...
$100,000 and over	70	...	...	525	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	50	...	...	170	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	145	...	...
$150,000 and over	15	...	...	215	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	385	...	...	950	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	104,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	105	...	...	175	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	150	...	...	615	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	139,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	105	...	...	135	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,600	...	...	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...	69,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	405	215	190	185	100	85
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	32,800	33,200	48,400	47,600	52,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,400	30,800	30,200	43,600	41,200	47,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	340	...	...	945	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,800	...	...	129,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	71,200	...	...	109,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	185	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	150	...	...	635	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	147,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	123,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	95	...	...	120	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	410	215	195	170	105	65
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,600	40,000	36,800	56,000	54,000	60,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,600	36,000	33,200	46,400	43,000	52,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	1,520	725	795	3,565	1,745	1,820
0 to 17 years	335	155	180	1,050	540	515
0 to 5 years	100	40	60	260	135	120
18 to 64 years	1,085	525	565	2,255	1,085	1,175
65 years and over	100	45	55	260	120	140
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	415	190	220	215	105	105
0 to 17 years	110	55	55	65	30	35
0 to 5 years	25	10	15	15	10	10
18 to 64 years	275	125	150	120	65	55
65 years and over	25	15	15	30	20	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	27.1	26.6	27.6	6.0	6.3	5.9
0 to 17 years (%)	32.5	35.0	30.0	6.0	5.6	6.8
0 to 5 years (%)	26.0	20.0	28.0	6.0	6.0	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	25.6	24.0	26.8	5.3	5.8	5.0
65 years and over (%)	26.0	24.0	28.0	12.0	14.0	10.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	1,520	725	795	3,565	1,740	1,825
0 to 17 years	330	155	175	1,055	540	510
0 to 5 years	95	40	55	255	135	120
18 to 64 years	1,085	520	565	2,255	1,080	1,175
65 years and over	100	45	55	255	120	140
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	300	150	150	170	95	75
0 to 17 years	70	40	30	55	30	20
0 to 5 years	15	5	10	15	5	5
18 to 64 years	215	105	110	105	55	45
65 years and over	15	10	10	15	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	19.6	20.8	18.4	4.8	5.5	4.2
0 to 17 years (%)	22.0	26.0	17.0	5.0	5.6	4.4
0 to 5 years (%)	14.0	10.0	16.0	5.0	5.0	5.0
18 to 64 years (%)	19.8	20.0	19.6	4.6	5.4	3.9
65 years and over (%)	12.0	12.0	10.0	5.0	5.0	6.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	1,520	725	795	3,565	1,745	1,820
In bottom half of the distribution	1,195	565	635	1,565	760	800
In bottom decile	390	190	200	225	125	100
In second decile	245	115	135	285	135	155
In third decile	245	115	130	370	175	195
In fourth decile	190	90	100	375	190	185
In fifth decile	130	55	70	310	150	160
In top half of the distribution	320	155	165	2,000	980	1,025
In sixth decile	110	50	65	330	150	175
In seventh decile	90	40	50	440	215	225
In eighth decile	55	30	20	455	230	230
In ninth decile	45	20	20	415	205	210
In top decile	25	20	5	360	175	180
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	1,520	...	...	3,565	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.318	...	...	0.286	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.474	...	...	0.388	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.289	...	...	0.255	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.1	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	1,520	725	795	3,565	1,740	1,825
English only	1,345	640	705	3,245	1,605	1,645
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	95	55	40	115	50	60
Neither English nor French	75	25	50	200	85	120
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	1,520	725	795	3,565	1,740	1,825
English	1,405	670	735	3,340	1,645	1,690
French	20	15	10	15	10	5
English and French	20	10	5	15	10	5
Neither English nor French	70	25	45	195	80	115
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	1,520	725	795	3,565	1,740	1,825
Single responses	1,390	670	720	3,285	1,610	1,680
Official languages	715	345	370	1,640	815	820
English	690	330	355	1,625	815	810
French	25	10	10	15	5	10
Non-official languages	680	325	350	1,645	790	855
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	680	325	350	1,645	790	855
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	35	40	100	50	55
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	35	40	100	50	55
Amharic	15	10	5	20	10	10
Arabic	55	20	30	70	35	35
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	30	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	20	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	95	50	50	95	45	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	40	35	85	40	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	35	20	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tamil	5	5	0	20	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	245	110	130	575	285	295
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	20	40	20	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	10	20	40	20	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	10	5	5
Russian	10	5	5	15	10	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	5	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
German	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	135	70	65	455	215	240
Indo-Aryan languages	80	40	40	415	195	220
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	5	10	5	10
Gujarati	10	5	5	25	10	15
Hindi	10	5	10	25	10	15
Kacchi	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	150	75	80
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Urdu	30	10	15	170	80	85
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	55	30	25	40	20	25
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	5
Persian languages	50	25	25	40	15	15
Dari	0	0	0	15	5	5
Iranian Persian	35	20	20	20	10	15
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	30	45	70	40	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Portuguese	15	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	55	25	35	65	40	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	15	10	10
Korean	30	20	10	40	25	20
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	40	20	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	5	10	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	185	90	90	715	335	385
Chinese languages	185	90	90	715	335	385
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	125	65	60	235	100	130
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	50	25	30	460	225	240
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	130	50	80	275	130	150
English and French	5	5	5	10	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	110	50	60	240	110	125
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	5	25	10	20
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	1,520	725	795	3,565	1,740	1,825
English	730	355	375	1,650	830	820
French	5	5	5	5	5	5
Non-official language	295	135	165	510	245	265
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	295	135	165	510	245	265
English and French	15	10	5	15	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	435	200	235	1,295	620	675
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	20	5	10
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	75	30	40
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	1,520	725	795	3,565	1,740	1,825
Single responses	1,370	655	715	3,245	1,590	1,655
Official languages	895	435	460	2,195	1,075	1,110
English	880	425	455	2,180	1,075	1,105
French	20	10	10	10	5	5
Non-official languages	475	225	255	1,050	510	540
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	475	225	255	1,050	510	540
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	15	25	25	15	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	15	20	25	15	20
Amharic	10	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	30	10	20	20	10	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	10	10	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	10	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	65	30	35	55	25	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	25	25	50	20	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	165	75	90	355	175	180
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10	25	20	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	10	25	20	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Russian	10	0	5	15	15	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	95	45	50	300	140	160
Indo-Aryan languages	50	30	25	270	130	145
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	5	5	0	5
Gujarati	15	10	10	20	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kacchi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	110	55	55
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	10	10	105	50	55
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	45	20	20	30	10	15
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	5
Persian languages	40	15	20	20	10	10
Dari	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian Persian	30	10	15	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	10	5	5	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	20	30	35	20	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	40	15	25	35	20	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	5	5	5
Korean	20	10	10	35	20	20
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	150	75	70	535	255	280
Chinese languages	150	75	70	535	255	280
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	105	55	50	195	90	105
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	20	20	330	160	165
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	150	70	80	320	155	170
English and French	0	0	0	5	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	140	65	80	300	145	160
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	1,520	725	795	3,565	1,740	1,825
None	1,150	545	605	2,410	1,190	1,225
English	140	65	75	380	195	185
French	10	5	5	15	10	10
Non-official language	165	75	90	595	275	320
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	165	75	90	595	275	320
English and French	10	5	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	30	20	10	100	45	60
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	55	25	25
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	1,465	695	770	3,530	1,770	1,760
Official languages	1,410	680	730	3,340	1,705	1,635
English	1,410	680	730	3,340	1,705	1,635
French	60	40	20	105	45	60
Non-official languages	840	405	435	2,090	980	1,110
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	840	405	435	2,090	980	1,110
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	35	20	160	80	80
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	25	20	160	80	80
Amharic	20	10	10	50	20	30
Arabic	30	10	10	110	55	45
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	55	20	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	55	20	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	35	35	155	55	105
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	35	35	125	40	85
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	20	10	45	20	25
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	35	15	25
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Telugu	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	365	170	190	790	395	390
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	70	45	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	70	45	25
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	10	50	30	20
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	15	10	20	10	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	10	10	0	15	10	10
German	10	10	0	15	10	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	240	130	115	515	265	250
Indo-Aryan languages	170	80	80	480	250	230
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	30	20	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	40	25	20	55	20	35
Hindi	100	45	55	170	75	95
Kacchi	0	0	0	35	20	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	205	110	95
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	20	25	235	115	120
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	70	45	25	30	15	15
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	60	35	25	30	15	15
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	30	70	190	80	105
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	95	30	65	160	75	90
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	15	35	20	20
Korean	30	20	10	75	40	35
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	15	95	50	45
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	20	15	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	30	15	15	45	20	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	215	95	120	735	345	395
Chinese languages	215	95	120	735	345	395
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	155	85	65	365	155	210
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	60	15	50	495	245	250
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,465	700	770	3,530	1,770	1,760
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	85	40	45	100	50	45
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	85	40	45	90	50	40
First Nations (North American Indian)	20	10	10	35	25	10
Métis	65	30	35	40	25	20
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,380	655	720	3,430	1,715	1,715
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,465	700	770	3,530	1,770	1,760
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	25	15	10	30	25	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,440	680	760	3,500	1,745	1,755
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	675	...	...	1,050	...	...
Owner	165	...	...	795	...	...
Renter	505	...	...	255	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	675	...	...	1,050	...	...
Condominium	545	...	...	170	...	...
Not condominium	130	...	...	880	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	675	...	...	1,050	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	145	...	...	15	...	...
2 bedrooms	325	...	...	75	...	...
3 bedrooms	180	...	...	580	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	20	...	...	385	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	675	...	...	1,050	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	445	...	...	250	...	...
5 rooms	120	...	...	200	...	...
6 rooms	70	...	...	185	...	...
7 rooms	25	...	...	115	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	300	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.1	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	675	...	...	1,050	...	...
One person or fewer per room	615	...	...	995	...	...
More than one person per room	60	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	675	...	...	1,050	...	...
Suitable	590	...	...	995	...	...
Not suitable	85	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	675	...	...	1,050	...	...
1960 or before	15	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	520	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	70	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	60	...	...	45	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	100	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	550	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	310	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	675	...	...	1,050	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	640	...	...	1,040	...	...
Major repairs needed	30	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	675	...	...	1,050	...	...
One-maintainer household	420	...	...	385	...	...
Two-maintainer household	235	...	...	595	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	25	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	675	...	...	1,050	...	...
15 to 24 years	60	...	...	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	200	...	...	110	...	...
35 to 44 years	140	...	...	360	...	...
45 to 54 years	140	...	...	330	...	...
55 to 64 years	85	...	...	155	...	...
65 to 74 years	35	...	...	65	...	...
75 to 84 years	20	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	670	...	...	1,045	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	420	...	...	805	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	250	...	...	240	...	...
30% to less than 100%	215	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	675	...	...	1,050	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	315	...	...	295	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	210	...	...	235	...	...
Not suitable only	55	...	...	50	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	25	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	360	...	...	750	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	635	...	...	1,030	...	...
In core need	125	...	...	65	...	...
Not in core need	510	...	...	965	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	170	...	...	795	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	73.5	...	...	79.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	38.2	...	...	19.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	12.5	...	...	3.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,460	...	...	2,200	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,340	...	...	2,036	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	230,000	...	...	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	220,000	...	...	499,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	510	...	...	250	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	3.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	36.6	...	...	36.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	22.1	...	...	14.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,210	...	...	1,800	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,132	...	...	1,860	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,465	695	765	3,530	1,770	1,760
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	60	25	35	30	20	10
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	60	25	35	30	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	10	0	0	25	20	0
Métis single ancestry	45	15	35	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	35	25	10	60	30	30
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	35	25	10	55	30	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	15	10	20	15	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,375	650	725	3,440	1,715	1,720
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,465	695	765	3,535	1,770	1,760
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	995	475	520	3,085	1,580	1,510
Canadian citizens aged under 18	260	110	150	950	550	400
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	735	365	365	2,135	1,030	1,110
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	470	220	250	445	190	255
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,465	695	765	3,535	1,770	1,760
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	615	285	330	1,755	925	830
Immigrants⁸¹	695	340	355	1,740	820	920
Before 1980	35	10	25	120	70	55
1980 to 1990	15	0	10	175	85	90
1991 to 2000	70	35	30	385	185	205
2001 to 2010	160	90	70	525	225	305
2011 to 2021⁸²	415	200	220	525	260	270
2011 to 2015	175	85	95	380	200	180
2016 to 2021	240	115	125	145	60	85
Non-permanent residents⁸³	155	75	80	40	25	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	695	335	355	1,740	820	920
Under 5 years	70	30	40	170	90	85
5 to 14 years	120	70	50	320	155	160
15 to 24 years	95	45	45	275	130	140
25 to 44 years	315	145	165	790	365	430
45 years and over	95	45	50	180	75	110
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	695	335	355	1,740	820	920
Americas	70	35	40	190	85	105
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	25	0	15	35	20	15
El Salvador	0	0	0	15	0	15
Guyana	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	35	10	25
Mexico	10	0	10	10	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	10
United States of America	15	10	0	30	0	30
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	0	45	30	20
Europe	60	15	40	90	45	40
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	15	10	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45	15	25	25	15	15
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	30	20	10
Africa	100	60	40	220	110	110
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	20	15	0	45	15	25
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	35	20	10	95	55	45
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	10	70	35	40
Asia	465	230	230	1,235	585	650
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	15	10	0	20	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	120	60	55	310	145	170
Hong Kong⁹¹	40	10	30	100	45	60
Korea, South⁹²	25	15	10	45	20	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Philippines	65	35	30	155	55	100
Viet Nam	30	0	20	60	35	30
Bangladesh	25	15	15	0	0	0
India	55	35	25	185	95	90
Pakistan	25	10	10	170	75	90
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	45	25	20	140	85	50
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	240	115	130	145	60	85
Americas	35	20	20	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	30	10	20	55	30	25
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	45	25	25
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	170	85	80	75	30	50
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	25	15	10	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	40	20	25	15	0	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	20	10	0	20	15	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	40	20	25	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	1,465	700	770	3,530	1,770	1,760
First generation¹⁰⁰	865	425	440	1,790	840	945
Second generation¹⁰¹	255	110	145	995	505	490
Third generation or more¹⁰²	345	165	185	750	425	325
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	660	330	330	1,615	750	865
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	430	230	205	950	475	475
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	160	95	65	375	235	140
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	270	135	135	575	240	340
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	140	40	100	430	165	275
Refugees¹⁰⁸	90	60	30	220	110	110
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	660	330	330	1,615	750	865
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	50	20	25	80	35	45
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	70	30	45	130	50	85
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	20	15	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	55	40	10	90	50	40
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	485	235	250	1,290	600	690
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	1,465	700	770	3,530	1,770	1,760
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	980	470	510	2,540	1,230	1,310
South Asian	190	100	90	630	340	295
Chinese	215	95	120	805	380	425
Black	185	95	90	325	170	155
Filipino	50	30	25	185	65	120
Arab	15	10	0	90	55	30
Latin American	85	25	55	145	70	75
Southeast Asian	65	35	40	75	30	40
West Asian	50	30	25	45	20	25
Korean	35	20	15	70	35	35
Japanese	15	0	10	35	10	25
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	40	30	15	10	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	35	10	20	120	55	65
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	485	225	255	990	540	455
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	1,465	695	770	3,530	1,770	1,760
Canadian	75	35	35	310	190	125
English	150	60	90	205	105	95
Irish	90	25	65	210	105	105
Scottish	80	20	60	140	70	70
French, n.o.s.¹²²	55	35	20	105	55	50
German	140	70	65	185	85	100
Chinese	215	90	125	750	355	395
Italian	15	0	10	70	35	35
Indian (India)	115	55	55	330	185	145
Ukrainian	30	15	20	60	35	20
Dutch	50	0	45	55	15	40
Polish	20	10	10	65	40	30
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	35	20	10	75	40	35
Filipino	75	40	35	225	80	145
French Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	30	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	15	0	0	40	20	15
Métis	55	25	30	25	0	20
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	20	0	15	25	0	15
Russian	10	0	10	45	20	15
Norwegian	15	0	15	10	0	0
Welsh	15	0	15	20	10	10
Portuguese	10	0	10	20	10	10
American	15	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	35	10	25	70	35	35
Swedish	20	0	15	15	10	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	30	20	15	230	110	115
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	30	15	15	145	70	75
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	60	30	30
Vietnamese	0	0	0	65	20	40
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	70	45	25
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	10	0	10	35	15	25
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	20	10	10	60	30	35
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	20	20	60	30	30
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	25	10	10
Iranian	35	30	10	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	15	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	10	20	10	10
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	45	30	15
Mexican	30	0	25	0	0	0
Mennonite	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	10	50	15	35
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	20	10	10
Egyptian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	30	15	20
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	20	0	20	40	25	20
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	25	0	15	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	40	25	15	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	50	40	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	15	0	10
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	45	30	15
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	25	15	15
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	20	10	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	20	15	0	50	25	20
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	20	15	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	15	0	10
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	1,460	700	770	3,530	1,770	1,760
Buddhist	45	10	35	110	40	70
Christian	490	235	255	1,320	650	670
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	135	65	75	450	220	235
Anabaptist	15	10	0	0	0	0
Anglican	20	0	15	25	15	10
Baptist	10	0	10	30	20	10
Catholic	215	115	100	540	255	285
Christian Orthodox	45	15	30	90	55	35
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	25	10	15
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	35	10	20	80	45	40
Hindu	115	55	65	180	100	80
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	210	120	90	470	245	220
Sikh	0	0	0	105	60	50
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	20	0	15	25	10	15
No religion and secular perspectives	580	265	310	1,325	665	660
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,450	695	760	3,510	1,765	1,745
Non-movers	1,190	555	635	3,255	1,645	1,610
Movers	260	140	120	255	120	135
Non-migrants	135	65	70	185	80	100
Migrants	125	70	55	70	35	35
Internal migrants	70	45	25	70	35	35
Intraprovincial migrants	35	15	20	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	35	30	10	65	35	35
External migrants	55	30	25	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	1,385	670	705	3,335	1,660	1,675
Non-movers	475	225	245	2,300	1,140	1,160
Movers	910	445	465	1,035	525	515
Non-migrants	440	200	240	730	375	355
Migrants	470	245	230	310	150	160
Internal migrants	190	115	75	220	115	105
Intraprovincial migrants	70	45	25	45	35	10
Interprovincial migrants	125	70	50	180	85	95
External migrants	280	125	150	90	35	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,170	570	605	2,675	1,270	1,395
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	180	85	95	395	170	230
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	990	480	505	2,280	1,105	1,175
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	865	415	450	1,950	945	1,010
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	100	60	45	180	75	95
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	765	355	410	1,780	865	910
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,170	565	600	2,670	1,275	1,400
No certificate, diploma or degree	175	80	90	345	155	190
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	270	140	125	710	390	320
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	730	345	380	1,615	735	885
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	250	115	135	740	310	435
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35	25	15	130	75	55
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	10	0	0	35	10	25
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	25	20	0	95	65	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	160	70	95	465	180	290
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	55	25	35	140	55	85
Bachelor's degree or higher	475	225	250	880	425	450
Bachelor's degree	290	140	150	605	285	325
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	35	15	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	0	15	0	15
Master's degree	145	80	70	205	115	90
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	10	15	15	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	865	410	455	1,955	945	1,010
No certificate, diploma or degree	95	55	45	125	65	60
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	140	70	75	405	230	175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	625	295	335	1,425	655	775
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	210	95	110	625	260	365
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	25	20	10	125	70	55
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	10	0	0	35	15	25
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	15	0	90	60	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	140	70	70	370	130	240
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	10	30	125	60	70
Bachelor's degree or higher	420	195	220	800	390	405
Bachelor's degree	250	120	130	535	250	285
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	15	40	15	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	0	10	0	10
Master's degree	130	65	70	205	115	85
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	0	0	10	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,170	565	600	2,675	1,275	1,400
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	440	225	220	1,060	540	515
Education	10	0	10	80	15	60
13. Education	10	0	10	80	15	60
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	0	15	25	15	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	15	15	15	0
Humanities	20	10	10	65	40	25
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	20	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	15	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	10	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	75	20	55	190	65	125
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	0	15	20	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	35	0	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	30	0	30
45. Social sciences	15	10	0	85	45	40
Business, management and public administration	180	75	105	410	115	295
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	20	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	180	75	105	390	115	270
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60	25	40	75	35	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	10	25	15	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	50	25	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	75	55	15	100	75	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	45	15	75	65	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	0	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	135	100	35	355	295	60
04. Architecture and related services	20	15	0	35	20	15
14. Engineering	80	55	25	150	130	20
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	90	75	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	20	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	40	30	10
48. Precision production	10	10	0	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	0	10	25	0	20
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	0	10	15	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	10
Health and related fields	120	30	85	225	45	180
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	30	10	25
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	105	25	75	195	35	155
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	25	20	0	75	25	50
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	10	0	50	10	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	15	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	865	415	450	1,955	945	1,010
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	235	125	115	530	295	240
Education	10	0	10	70	15	50
13. Education	10	0	10	70	15	50
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	0	15	25	15	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	15	15	15	0
Humanities	20	10	10	55	30	25
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	20	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	0	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	65	25	45	160	60	100
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	20	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	30	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	25	0	25
45. Social sciences	20	15	0	70	40	30
Business, management and public administration	150	60	90	380	110	275
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	20	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	140	50	90	360	110	255
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	20	35	65	30	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	10	20	15	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	40	20	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	45	15	85	60	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	40	15	65	55	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	120	85	35	320	265	55
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	0	35	20	15
14. Engineering	75	50	20	140	120	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	70	60	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	35	25	10
48. Precision production	10	0	0	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	20	0	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	110	30	80	185	40	145
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	20	10	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	100	30	75	160	35	125
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	20	0	70	25	50
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	10	0	50	10	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	15	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	865	415	450	1,955	945	1,010
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	235	125	115	530	295	240
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	630	290	340	1,425	650	770
Location of study inside Canada	325	155	170	905	410	495
Same as province or territory of residence	240	115	125	690	290	395
Different than province or territory of residence	85	40	40	210	115	100
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	300	135	165	520	245	275
Americas	45	10	30	70	30	35
United States of America	20	0	15	15	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	20	10	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	10	10	0
Europe	15	15	0	70	55	10
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	30	30	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	15	10	10
Africa	30	15	20	45	15	30
Nigeria	15	10	10	30	15	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	15	0	10
Asia	210	95	115	320	130	190
Iran⁸⁸	35	20	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	50	20	30	75	30	45
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	20	0	15
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South⁹²	15	10	0	25	10	15
Philippines	15	10	10	55	25	30
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	35	10	25	70	25	40
Pakistan	15	0	10	35	15	20
Other locations of study in Asia	25	15	10	15	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	15	0	10
Australia	0	0	0	15	0	10
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,170	565	600	2,670	1,275	1,400
In the labour force	805	415	390	1,960	980	985
Employed	680	355	320	1,655	835	815
Unemployed	130	60	70	310	140	165
Not in the labour force	360	155	210	710	295	410
Participation rate	68.8	73.5	65.0	73.4	76.9	70.4
Employment rate	58.1	62.8	53.3	62.0	65.5	58.2
Unemployment rate	16.1	14.5	17.9	15.8	14.3	16.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,170	565	600	2,675	1,275	1,400
Did not work¹⁸⁶	375	145	220	800	330	475
Worked	800	420	380	1,875	950	925
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	325	180	140	970	535	435
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	475	240	240	905	415	490
Average weeks worked in reference year	37.6	38.0	37.2	39.5	40.4	38.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	805	415	390	1,960	975	985
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	60	25	40	100	40	60
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	745	390	350	1,865	940	925
Employee	685	355	325	1,555	740	815
Permanent position	490	260	230	1,290	625	670
Temporary position	195	100	95	260	115	145
Fixed term (1 year or more)	80	45	40	80	35	45
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	115	50	60	185	75	105
Self-employed¹⁹²	60	35	25	310	200	110
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	805	415	390	1,960	975	985
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	60	25	40	100	40	60
All occupations¹⁹¹	745	390	350	1,865	940	925
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	20	20	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	75	35	35	390	120	270
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	75	60	20	250	190	60
3 Health occupations	85	10	75	165	40	120
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	85	40	45	195	50	140
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	45	25	20
6 Sales and service occupations	310	140	170	415	170	240
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	90	80	10	320	275	40
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	0	0	10	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	15	15	0	55	35	20
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	805	415	390	1,960	975	985
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	60	25	40	100	40	60
All industries¹⁹¹	745	390	350	1,865	940	925
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	10	10	90	50	45
22 Utilities	0	0	0	25	15	15
23 Construction	45	35	0	155	140	20
31-33 Manufacturing	15	15	0	55	45	15
41 Wholesale trade	10	10	0	85	55	30
44-45 Retail trade	175	75	95	180	75	105
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	35	25	0	160	125	40
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	0	40	30	10
52 Finance and insurance	20	0	10	105	25	80
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15	10	0	50	15	30
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	65	50	15	195	115	80
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	40	35	10	55	15	35
61 Educational services	75	40	35	125	40	85
62 Health care and social assistance	100	30	70	230	35	195
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	0	15	55	30	25
72 Accommodation and food services	85	30	55	85	45	40
81 Other services (except public administration)	15	0	15	85	25	55
91 Public administration	0	0	0	85	55	30
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	855	440	415	2,025	1,025	1,000
English	780	400	380	1,835	940	895
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	20	0	15	25	10	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	0	15	25	10	15
English and French	0	0	0	15	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	50	30	15	145	60	85
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	855	440	415	2,025	1,025	1,000
Single responses	840	425	410	2,000	1,005	995
Official languages	805	415	390	1,925	975	955
English	805	415	390	1,925	975	955
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	30	10	20	70	30	40
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	30	10	20	70	30	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	20	0	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	50	25	20
Chinese languages	20	10	10	50	25	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	0	20	0	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	25	20	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	0	25	20	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	10	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	855	440	415	2,025	1,025	1,000
None	820	425	395	1,880	965	910
English	10	0	0	45	25	20
French	0	0	0	15	0	10
Non-official language	15	10	10	55	15	35
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	10	55	15	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	675	355	320	1,655	830	815
Worked at home	140	75	65	500	215	285
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	80	70	15	230	190	40
Usual place of work	450	205	245	915	425	495
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	450	205	245	915	425	490
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	430	195	235	840	370	470
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	20	15	10	50	30	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	15	15	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	15	10	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	535	275	260	1,145	610	530
Car, truck or van	350	200	150	1,035	545	490
Car, truck or van - as a driver	320	185	135	975	530	440
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	30	15	20	60	20	45
Public transit	150	65	85	65	40	25
Walked	25	0	20	0	0	0
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	35	20	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	535	275	260	1,145	610	530
Less than 15 minutes	115	60	55	190	95	100
15 to 29 minutes	230	115	115	570	280	290
30 to 44 minutes	120	80	45	260	160	95
45 to 59 minutes	40	10	30	70	45	25
60 minutes and over	25	15	20	65	35	25
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	535	275	260	1,145	610	530
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	25	25	0	95	70	20
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	75	35	40	160	110	55
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	105	60	50	295	145	150
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	110	55	55	195	90	110
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	110	40	70	225	110	120
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	110	60	45	175	90	85
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	335	155	180	1,065	540	520
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	10	10	35	20	20
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	320	145	170	1,030	530	505
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	250	120	130	845	430	420
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	5	10	25	10	15
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	0	5	15	5	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	0	10	5	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	240	115	120	820	415	405

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not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 27, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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