Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48061513More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062638More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	1,710	...	...	1,980	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	646	...	...	594	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	627	...	...	570	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5,253.5	...	...	3,225.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.33	...	...	0.61	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	1,710	840	870	1,980	930	1,045
0 to 14 years	280	145	130	470	220	250
0 to 4 years	80	45	35	155	70	85
5 to 9 years	105	55	50	170	85	85
10 to 14 years	90	50	40	145	65	80
15 to 64 years	1,200	600	600	1,220	595	620
15 to 19 years	100	60	40	105	50	50
20 to 24 years	115	70	45	85	45	40
25 to 29 years	110	60	55	85	35	50
30 to 34 years	140	65	75	150	75	80
35 to 39 years	110	55	55	195	90	110
40 to 44 years	110	55	55	195	105	90
45 to 49 years	140	60	80	130	65	70
50 to 54 years	140	65	70	110	55	60
55 to 59 years	140	70	75	90	55	40
60 to 64 years	95	55	45	65	30	35
65 years and over	235	90	145	290	115	175
65 to 69 years	75	30	55	65	40	25
70 to 74 years	50	25	30	30	20	15
75 to 79 years	40	15	20	35	25	10
80 to 84 years	30	15	15	40	10	35
85 years and over	30	10	25	115	25	90
85 to 89 years	15	5	5	65	15	50
90 to 94 years	10	5	10	35	10	25
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	15	0	10
100 years and over	5	0	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.4	17.3	14.9	23.7	23.7	23.9
15 to 64 years	70.2	71.4	69.0	61.6	64.0	59.3
65 years and over	13.7	10.7	16.7	14.6	12.4	16.7
85 years and over	1.8	1.2	2.9	5.8	2.7	8.6
Average age of the population	40.0	37.8	42.1	37.8	36.4	39.0
Median age of the population	40.0	37.2	43.2	37.2	37.2	37.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	625	...	...	570	...	...
Single-detached house	430	...	...	385	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	40	...	...	155	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	150	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	25	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	630	...	...	570	...	...
1 person	150	...	...	90	...	...
2 persons	220	...	...	135	...	...
3 persons	100	...	...	110	...	...
4 persons	95	...	...	135	...	...
5 or more persons	75	...	...	100	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,650	825	825	1,780	855	925
Average household size	2.6	...	...	3.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,435	690	740	1,510	710	800
Married or living common-law	780	385	395	930	455	475
Married	680	340	340	860	415	440
Living common-law	105	45	55	75	35	40
Living common law - Never married	75	35	35	60	30	35
Living common law - Separated	5	0	0	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	30	15	10	10	5	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	650	300	345	585	260	320
Not married and not living common law - Never married	420	240	180	345	185	160
Not married and not living common law - Separated	35	15	20	45	25	20
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	125	35	90	75	35	35
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	70	15	55	120	15	105
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	470	...	...	485	...	...
2 persons	230	...	...	150	...	...
3 persons	110	...	...	120	...	...
4 persons	85	...	...	150	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	65	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	475	...	...	490	...	...
Total couple families	385	...	...	430	...	...
Married couples	330	...	...	395	...	...
With children⁶	190	...	...	295	...	...
Without children	145	...	...	95	...	...
Common-law couples	50	...	...	40	...	...
With children⁶	20	...	...	15	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	20	...	...
Total one-parent families	90	...	...	60	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	70	...	...	50	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	20	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	1,650	825	830	1,780	855	925
Total - Persons in census families	1,375	685	690	1,610	770	840
Married spouses or common-law partners	765	380	390	860	430	425
Parents in one-parent families	90	20	70	55	10	50
Children⁶	520	285	235	690	335	355
In a two-parent family	395	210	180	590	285	310
In a one-parent family	125	75	50	100	45	50
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	275	135	140	175	85	90
Living alone	145	60	85	85	45	45
Living with other relatives⁷	50	25	25	50	20	30
Living with non-relatives only	75	50	30	40	20	15
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	630	...	...	570	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	385	...	...	400	...	...
Couple-family households	315	...	...	355	...	...
With children⁶	170	...	...	265	...	...
Without children	145	...	...	90	...	...
One-parent-family households	70	...	...	45	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	25	...	...	35	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...	10	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	35	...	...	20	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	30	...	...	20	...	...
One-person households	150	...	...	85	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,375	675	705	1,315	635	675
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,310	630	680	1,240	600	640
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	42,400	41,600	46,000	57,600	40,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,310	630	680	1,240	600	640
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	38,400	38,000	41,600	48,800	37,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,170	565	600	1,120	560	560
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	40,400	35,200	43,600	56,800	36,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,045	515	530	1,010	510	505
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	41,600	37,600	47,600	60,000	38,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,130	535	595	1,090	520	570
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,450	5,680	8,500	5,560	2,820	7,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	185	100	85	160	75	85
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,880	6,280	5,520	5,480	5,080	5,760
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	470	240	230	440	205	235
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	8,000	10,000	10,000	9,000	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,430	670	765	1,240	595	645
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,360	615	750	1,185	560	625
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,920	49,600	50,200	59,500	70,800	49,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,360	615	750	1,185	560	625
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,920	42,000	43,700	49,800	57,600	42,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,180	520	660	1,080	520	555
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,200	49,000	45,800	56,000	68,400	44,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,035	470	565	955	455	495
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,800	50,400	47,400	58,700	71,600	46,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,135	490	650	1,055	505	545
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,700	9,560	11,560	9,760	8,200	11,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	160	90	75	150	75	80
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,100	7,000	7,200	8,400	6,200	10,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	505	240	265	410	205	205
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,120	8,800	9,400	9,480	10,000	9,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,430	670	765	1,240	590	645
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	560	250	310	490	255	230
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	66,000	67,500	64,000	72,000	88,000	60,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	70,000	72,500	68,000	82,400	100,000	63,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	330	140	190	355	165	190
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,200	28,200	15,200	23,600	23,400	24,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,400	33,500	23,000	37,200	38,400	36,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	82.0	85.0	80.0	85.6	89.0	80.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	74.8	79.0	71.5	79.6	83.0	75.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	17.9	15.4	20.0	14.6	10.5	19.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	2.1	1.4	1.8	1.1	2.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	7.4	7.4	7.6	6.2	5.5	7.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.8	6.9	6.6	5.5	5.2	6.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,375	675	700	1,310	635	675
Without total income	65	40	25	80	40	35
With total income	1,310	635	675	1,235	600	635
Under $10,000 (including loss)	115	55	55	130	45	85
$10,000 to $19,999	125	60	65	110	50	65
$20,000 to $29,999	220	100	120	145	50	95
$30,000 to $39,999	155	75	85	145	75	70
$40,000 to $49,999	150	75	70	140	75	65
$50,000 to $59,999	145	65	85	85	25	60
$60,000 to $69,999	115	55	65	95	35	55
$70,000 to $79,999	80	30	50	95	55	35
$80,000 to $89,999	65	40	30	55	35	25
$90,000 to $99,999	35	15	20	55	35	20
$100,000 and over	105	65	35	185	130	55
$100,000 to $149,999	80	50	30	135	85	50
$150,000 and over	20	15	10	45	40	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,375	675	700	1,310	635	675
Without after-tax income	65	40	25	80	40	35
With after-tax income	1,310	635	675	1,235	600	635
Under $10,000 (including loss)	120	60	60	130	45	85
$10,000 to $19,999	130	65	65	110	50	65
$20,000 to $29,999	255	115	140	165	60	105
$30,000 to $39,999	180	95	90	185	95	90
$40,000 to $49,999	195	100	95	135	60	80
$50,000 to $59,999	155	60	95	115	45	70
$60,000 to $69,999	115	50	65	110	60	50
$70,000 to $79,999	55	30	25	80	50	30
$80,000 to $89,999	40	25	20	55	35	25
$90,000 to $99,999	30	20	10	45	30	15
$100,000 and over	40	30	10	100	80	20
$100,000 to $124,999	20	15	5	50	35	10
$125,000 and over	20	15	10	45	40	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,375	675	700	1,310	635	675
Without employment income	325	155	170	300	130	170
With employment income	1,050	520	530	1,010	505	505
Under $5,000 (including loss)	100	45	60	105	35	75
$5,000 to $9,999	95	50	50	80	30	50
$10,000 to $19,999	130	65	70	90	40	50
$20,000 to $29,999	100	50	50	80	35	40
$30,000 to $39,999	95	50	50	95	45	50
$40,000 to $49,999	105	55	50	80	40	40
$50,000 to $59,999	105	40	65	75	25	45
$60,000 to $69,999	90	45	50	75	35	40
$70,000 to $79,999	60	25	30	75	45	30
$80,000 to $89,999	50	30	25	45	30	20
$90,000 to $99,999	30	15	10	50	30	15
$100,000 and over	85	55	30	165	115	50
$100,000 to $124,999	50	35	20	85	45	35
$125,000 and over	35	25	15	80	65	15
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,375	675	705	1,315	635	675
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,280	605	665	1,205	585	620
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	46,000	40,000	45,200	56,400	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,275	605	670	1,210	585	620
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	41,200	36,000	40,800	50,000	35,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,170	560	615	1,100	555	545
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600	46,800	36,400	46,800	59,200	38,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,065	520	545	1,015	505	500
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,400	48,000	41,200	47,600	61,200	39,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,095	520	575	1,025	485	540
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,150	900	2,860	1,030	900	2,180
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	125	65	65	100	40	65
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,160	7,400	5,720	6,200	4,960	7,400
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,430	670	765	1,240	595	645
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,290	560	725	1,150	555	595
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,200	54,400	48,700	61,900	73,200	51,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,290	560	725	1,150	555	595
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,680	45,800	42,100	51,200	58,800	44,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,185	510	675	1,070	520	555
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,800	55,400	45,500	61,800	76,000	48,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,075	475	605	980	470	505
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,200	54,600	46,800	63,100	76,800	50,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,115	490	625	1,010	480	530
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,230	4,560	7,520	4,880	3,110	6,480
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	155	85	75	90	25	65
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,200	9,000	7,400	7,700	3,600	9,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,430	670	765	1,240	590	645
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	560	250	310	480	245	235
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,500	64,500	64,500	70,000	84,000	52,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	68,000	70,500	66,500	80,000	101,000	58,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	315	130	180	355	180	175
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,000	34,000	21,200	34,400	36,000	33,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,600	41,000	28,000	51,400	51,200	51,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	89.6	93.0	86.8	93.2	96.0	89.0
Employment income (%)	82.0	85.0	79.5	86.8	89.0	85.0
Government transfers (%)	10.6	7.4	13.3	6.9	3.6	11.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	2.5	1.5	1.0	0.2	2.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	630	...	...	570	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	150	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...	62,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,800	...	...	53,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	480	...	...	480	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	630	...	...	585	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	107,600	...	...	120,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	92,800	...	...	101,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	120	...	...	130	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	55,000	...	...	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	515	...	...	455	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	117,200	...	...	134,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	101,200	...	...	112,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	625	...	...	570	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	45	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	45	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	55	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	55	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	270	...	...	320	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	100	...	...	70	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	65	...	...	65	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	65	...	...	105	...	...
$200,000 and over	40	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	625	...	...	570	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	55	...	...	35	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	65	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	55	...	...	55	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	65	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	60	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	200	...	...	275	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	85	...	...	80	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	55	...	...	80	...	...
$150,000 and over	65	...	...	115	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	460	...	...	475	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	150	...	...	95	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	210	...	...	310	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	137,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	85	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	220	110	110	125	65	55
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,000	45,600	52,000	53,200	44,800	60,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,000	41,200	45,600	46,800	40,000	51,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	500	...	...	455	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	112,800	...	...	133,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,600	...	...	111,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	160	...	...	85	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	235	...	...	300	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	146,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	85	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	185	80	110	150	70	80
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	61,200	54,000	67,000	68,000	68,000	68,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,800	44,000	55,000	56,000	56,000	58,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	1,650	820	825	1,785	860	925
0 to 17 years	325	180	145	530	250	275
0 to 5 years	110	60	50	180	80	100
18 to 64 years	1,150	575	580	1,135	545	590
65 years and over	180	75	105	120	55	55
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	115	55	60	135	65	70
0 to 17 years	25	15	15	50	30	20
0 to 5 years	10	0	5	15	10	10
18 to 64 years	60	30	25	65	30	40
65 years and over	35	10	20	20	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.9	6.4	7.4	7.6	8.0	7.2
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	6.0	10.0	9.6	12.0	7.2
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	x	16.0	10.0	14.0	8.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.8	5.2	4.8	5.8	5.2	6.4
65 years and over (%)	18.0	16.0	19.0	17.0	16.0	18.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	1,650	825	830	1,780	855	925
0 to 17 years	325	180	145	530	250	280
0 to 5 years	110	55	55	180	80	100
18 to 64 years	1,145	570	580	1,135	550	585
65 years and over	175	70	105	115	60	60
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	75	40	30	65	35	30
0 to 17 years	15	5	5	25	15	10
0 to 5 years	5	0	0	10	5	0
18 to 64 years	45	25	15	35	15	15
65 years and over	10	5	5	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.4	5.0	3.8	3.6	4.0	3.2
0 to 17 years (%)	5.0	5.0	5.0	4.8	6.0	4.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	4.0	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	4.0	4.8	3.2	3.2	3.2	3.2
65 years and over (%)	5.0	6.0	5.0	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	1,650	825	825	1,785	860	925
In bottom half of the distribution	860	430	430	780	385	395
In bottom decile	110	60	55	110	55	50
In second decile	145	75	70	155	70	80
In third decile	205	105	100	160	85	80
In fourth decile	175	85	90	220	110	110
In fifth decile	220	105	115	135	60	75
In top half of the distribution	790	390	395	1,000	470	530
In sixth decile	170	80	95	160	85	75
In seventh decile	215	110	110	180	80	95
In eighth decile	145	70	75	225	100	120
In ninth decile	185	95	90	270	125	145
In top decile	75	40	40	170	75	90
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	1,650	...	...	1,780	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.270	...	...	0.290	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.378	...	...	0.374	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.242	...	...	0.257	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.9	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	1,650	825	830	1,780	855	925
English only	1,505	760	745	1,645	795	855
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	55	25	35	95	40	50
Neither English nor French	85	40	50	45	25	25
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	1,650	825	830	1,780	855	925
English	1,545	775	770	1,710	825	890
French	10	0	5	5	5	0
English and French	5	0	0	15	5	10
Neither English nor French	85	40	45	45	20	25
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	1,650	825	830	1,780	855	925
Single responses	1,545	770	775	1,660	800	860
Official languages	1,030	505	520	880	445	440
English	1,020	505	515	870	440	430
French	10	5	5	10	5	0
Non-official languages	515	260	250	780	360	420
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	515	260	250	780	360	420
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	35	15	60	30	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	55	35	15	60	30	25
Amharic	5	5	5	15	10	10
Arabic	40	25	10	30	20	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	10	15	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	10	15	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	105	45	55	60	25	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indonesian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	30	40	55	20	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	50	40	335	155	175
Albanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	20	5	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	20	5	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	5	0	0	5
Russian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	10	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
German	5	0	0	5	5	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	5	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	10	245	115	130
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	10	205	95	110
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	0	15	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hindi	5	5	5	10	5	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	90	40	50
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	60	30	30
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	40	25	15
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	15	5	5
Persian languages	5	0	5	25	15	10
Dari	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	25	20	50	25	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	40	20	15	35	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	5	0	0
Korean	15	5	5	30	15	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	40	15	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	220	110	115	235	110	125
Chinese languages	220	110	110	230	105	125
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	105	55	55	65	30	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	115	55	60	155	70	85
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	110	55	55	125	55	70
English and French	5	0	5	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	95	45	50	105	45	60
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	10	5	10
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	1,650	825	830	1,780	855	925
English	1,060	525	540	900	435	460
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	195	90	105	215	90	125
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	195	90	105	215	90	125
English and French	5	0	0	15	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	360	190	170	600	285	310
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	15	10	5
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	10	45	25	15
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	1,650	825	830	1,780	855	925
Single responses	1,530	755	775	1,600	765	835
Official languages	1,165	570	595	1,120	550	570
English	1,165	570	590	1,120	550	570
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	360	180	185	490	220	265
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	360	180	185	490	220	265
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	20	15	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	20	15	15
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Arabic	10	5	5	20	10	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	10	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	10	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	55	25	30	35	15	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	20	25	35	15	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	65	30	30	215	100	115
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	15	170	75	85
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	145	70	75
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	10	5	5	5	0	5
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	70	30	40
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	5	45	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	20	10	15
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	5
Persian languages	5	0	5	10	10	5
Dari	0	0	0	5	5	5
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	15	15	25	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	25	15	15	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	5	5	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	190	100	95	185	85	95
Chinese languages	190	100	95	185	85	95
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	45	40	60	30	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	105	50	55	115	50	65
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	120	70	50	175	90	90
English and French	0	0	0	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	120	70	50	160	80	80
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	1,650	825	830	1,780	855	925
None	1,365	675	690	1,270	610	660
English	125	70	55	205	90	110
French	5	5	0	15	5	10
Non-official language	120	55	60	235	120	115
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	120	55	60	235	120	115
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	5	10	35	15	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	20	10	15
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	1,750	800	950	1,730	815	915
Official languages	1,675	775	900	1,675	775	900
English	1,675	775	895	1,675	775	900
French	55	10	40	120	60	60
Non-official languages	725	300	425	1,005	500	505
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	725	300	425	1,005	500	505
Afro-Asiatic languages	90	50	40	70	25	50
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	90	50	40	70	25	50
Amharic	0	0	0	35	10	25
Arabic	25	20	0	25	15	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	0	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	185	70	115	30	10	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	165	55	110	30	10	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	60	25	35
Kannada	0	0	0	25	10	15
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	35	15	20
Telugu	0	0	0	20	0	10
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	155	60	85	465	250	215
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	0	15	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	10	20	365	195	170
Indo-Aryan languages	20	0	15	330	180	145
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	95	35	55
Kacchi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	180	105	75
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	140	85	55
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	45	50	75	35	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	95	45	50	75	35	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	20	0	15	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	0	10	85	40	45
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	50	30	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	250	115	140	290	135	150
Chinese languages	250	115	140	290	135	150
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	155	65	85	130	65	70
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	140	65	75	215	115	105
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,755	805	950	1,730	815	920
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	50	20	35	20	10	10
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	50	20	35	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	25	0	20	0	0	0
Métis	25	10	10	15	0	10
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,710	785	920	1,715	800	910
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,755	805	950	1,730	815	920
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	15	0	15	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,735	805	935	1,725	810	920
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	630	...	...	585	...	...
Owner	475	...	...	445	...	...
Renter	160	...	...	140	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	630	...	...	585	...	...
Condominium	195	...	...	155	...	...
Not condominium	430	...	...	430	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	630	...	...	585	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	20	...	...	20	...	...
2 bedrooms	195	...	...	165	...	...
3 bedrooms	290	...	...	225	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	120	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	630	...	...	585	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	145	...	...	185	...	...
5 rooms	160	...	...	90	...	...
6 rooms	135	...	...	100	...	...
7 rooms	100	...	...	80	...	...
8 or more rooms	90	...	...	130	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	630	...	...	585	...	...
One person or fewer per room	610	...	...	555	...	...
More than one person per room	25	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	630	...	...	585	...	...
Suitable	585	...	...	545	...	...
Not suitable	45	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	630	...	...	585	...	...
1960 or before	10	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	25	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	40	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	525	...	...	20	...	...
2001 to 2005	20	...	...	25	...	...
2006 to 2010	15	...	...	305	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	210	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	630	...	...	585	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	610	...	...	575	...	...
Major repairs needed	20	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	630	...	...	585	...	...
One-maintainer household	280	...	...	310	...	...
Two-maintainer household	310	...	...	255	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	45	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	630	...	...	585	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	55	...	...	105	...	...
35 to 44 years	125	...	...	235	...	...
45 to 54 years	220	...	...	115	...	...
55 to 64 years	115	...	...	60	...	...
65 to 74 years	85	...	...	60	...	...
75 to 84 years	25	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	625	...	...	580	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	535	...	...	405	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	90	...	...	175	...	...
30% to less than 100%	90	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	630	...	...	580	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	145	...	...	205	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	80	...	...	160	...	...
Not suitable only	35	...	...	25	...	...
Major repairs needed only	15	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	485	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	625	...	...	575	...	...
In core need	45	...	...	50	...	...
Not in core need	575	...	...	525	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	470	...	...	445	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	74.5	...	...	83.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.9	...	...	24.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	9.6	...	...	4.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,600	...	...	2,180	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,545	...	...	2,010	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	368,000	...	...	492,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	348,000	...	...	456,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	160	...	...	140	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.9	...	...	42.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	21.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,520	...	...	1,660	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,480	...	...	1,560	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,755	805	950	1,730	810	920
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	20	0	15	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	20	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	30	15	15	15	0	15
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	30	15	15	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	10	10	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	15	0	15
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,705	785	920	1,715	805	905
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,755	805	950	1,730	810	915
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,455	660	790	1,555	730	820
Canadian citizens aged under 18	370	185	185	545	250	295
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,080	475	605	1,010	480	530
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	300	140	155	170	80	90
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,755	805	950	1,730	810	915
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	1,045	490	555	930	435	495
Immigrants⁸¹	680	300	380	780	360	420
Before 1980	35	10	25	35	15	15
1980 to 1990	30	10	15	60	30	35
1991 to 2000	65	25	35	205	95	110
2001 to 2010	290	130	155	295	135	165
2011 to 2021⁸²	265	120	140	190	90	100
2011 to 2015	190	85	105	95	60	40
2016 to 2021	70	35	35	95	35	55
Non-permanent residents⁸³	30	10	20	20	15	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	680	300	380	780	360	415
Under 5 years	30	0	25	70	35	35
5 to 14 years	150	80	70	155	65	90
15 to 24 years	85	35	45	100	50	55
25 to 44 years	315	125	185	390	170	215
45 years and over	100	55	40	70	45	25
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	680	300	380	780	360	415
Americas	90	35	50	85	35	45
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	0	35	10	25
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	20	20	10	10
Europe	30	15	15	35	15	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	10	0	10	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	20	10	10
Africa	70	40	35	140	60	75
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	15	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	80	40	40
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	35	15	25
Asia	485	210	280	520	250	275
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	190	90	105	70	35	35
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	10	90	35	55
Korea, South⁹²	20	0	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	180	65	115	35	10	25
Viet Nam	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	10	155	90	70
Pakistan	0	0	0	60	25	30
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	15	10	10	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	70	30	40	90	35	55
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	35	20	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	35	20	15
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	65	25	40	55	15	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	35	15	15	15	0	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	30	15	20	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	1,750	800	950	1,730	815	920
First generation¹⁰⁰	730	330	405	820	385	430
Second generation¹⁰¹	340	140	200	550	255	295
Third generation or more¹⁰²	680	335	345	355	170	190
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	645	295	360	745	345	400
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	405	155	250	420	200	225
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	150	55	100	165	110	55
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	255	110	150	255	90	165
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	165	85	85	235	105	140
Refugees¹⁰⁸	50	40	15	75	40	35
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	25	10	10	10	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	645	295	360	745	345	400
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	15	0	30	20	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	75	35	40	45	15	25
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	10	20	20	10	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	40	10	25	55	40	15
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	485	220	265	600	260	335
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	1,755	805	950	1,730	815	920
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	930	425	505	1,245	595	650
South Asian	35	10	25	400	200	195
Chinese	320	145	170	345	165	180
Black	135	65	75	220	115	105
Filipino	275	120	155	50	10	35
Arab	35	20	15	50	25	20
Latin American	45	25	25	45	20	25
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	45	20	30
West Asian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Korean	30	10	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	45	15	30
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	830	385	445	485	220	270
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	1,755	805	950	1,730	815	915
Canadian	175	90	85	85	40	45
English	245	110	135	95	45	50
Irish	215	85	130	50	25	25
Scottish	230	105	125	90	50	35
French, n.o.s.¹²²	140	70	70	80	40	40
German	165	60	105	100	50	40
Chinese	300	145	160	335	155	175
Italian	15	10	10	50	25	25
Indian (India)	25	10	15	260	120	135
Ukrainian	75	35	45	90	45	40
Dutch	50	20	30	15	0	10
Polish	50	35	15	35	25	15
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	35	25	10	0	0	0
Filipino	270	110	155	40	10	30
French Canadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	20	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	25	10	15	15	0	15
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	25	20	10	40	20	25
Russian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	20	45	20	20	0
Welsh	10	0	10	10	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
American	30	10	15	20	0	15
Spanish	30	20	15	0	0	0
Swedish	55	45	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	110	60	55
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	60	20	35	25	10	15
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	50	35	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	25	20	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	40	15	30
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	10	20	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	50	30	25	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	0	10	0	10
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	30	20	15
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	50	25	25
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	30	10	20
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	80	35	35
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	20	0	10	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	45	25	15
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	1,755	805	950	1,730	815	920
Buddhist	0	0	0	20	0	15
Christian	895	370	525	555	225	325
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	185	75	105	100	55	45
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	35	15	20	10	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	30	15	20
Catholic	465	200	260	165	60	105
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	30	10	25
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	20	10	15	55	15	35
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	35	10	20	95	45	50
Presbyterian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	55	25	35	10	0	10
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	45	10	35	50	15	35
Hindu	0	0	0	125	45	80
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	70	45	25	320	165	155
Sikh	0	0	0	105	60	45
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	765	375	390	605	310	295
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,745	800	945	1,710	800	905
Non-movers	1,555	700	855	1,555	720	835
Movers	190	100	90	155	80	75
Non-migrants	135	80	60	120	65	55
Migrants	50	25	25	30	20	15
Internal migrants	40	20	20	20	10	10
Intraprovincial migrants	15	0	10	15	0	10
Interprovincial migrants	25	15	10	0	0	0
External migrants	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	1,705	775	925	1,540	735	810
Non-movers	1,155	505	650	955	475	485
Movers	545	275	275	585	260	325
Non-migrants	385	185	195	360	150	210
Migrants	165	85	75	225	105	120
Internal migrants	95	55	40	125	65	65
Intraprovincial migrants	60	30	30	45	25	20
Interprovincial migrants	35	25	0	80	35	45
External migrants	65	35	35	95	45	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,430	670	765	1,240	590	645
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	245	145	95	150	85	70
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,190	520	665	1,085	505	580
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	990	450	540	965	425	540
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	95	45	50	70	40	30
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	895	405	490	900	390	510
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,435	670	765	1,240	595	645
No certificate, diploma or degree	235	145	90	150	85	65
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	435	215	220	230	120	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	765	310	450	860	390	470
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	470	205	265	370	165	205
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	40	35	10	55	45	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	20	0	10	15	15	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	30	30	0	50	30	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	325	135	190	245	95	150
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	100	35	65	65	25	45
Bachelor's degree or higher	300	105	190	495	225	265
Bachelor's degree	250	90	160	340	150	185
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	20	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Master's degree	35	15	25	110	55	50
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	15	10	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	995	450	545	970	425	540
No certificate, diploma or degree	90	40	45	65	35	30
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	285	150	130	135	60	80
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	625	260	370	765	335	435
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	370	165	210	325	135	195
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	40	30	10	50	40	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	10	10	10	10	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	25	25	0	40	30	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	245	100	145	215	70	140
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	85	35	50	60	25	40
Bachelor's degree or higher	250	90	165	440	200	240
Bachelor's degree	210	80	125	300	135	165
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	10	0	0
Master's degree	40	15	25	100	50	55
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	15	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,435	670	760	1,235	590	650
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	665	360	310	375	200	175
Education	45	0	40	30	10	25
13. Education	45	0	40	30	10	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	15	0	25	20	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	10	0	25	20	10
Humanities	50	15	35	45	0	45
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	15	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0	10	25	0	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	95	25	60	90	40	55
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	10	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	0	15	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	20	15	10	60	35	25
Business, management and public administration	215	80	135	210	90	120
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	0	25	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	195	80	115	195	80	110
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	0	15	35	15	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	20	15	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	10	15	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	20	10	60	40	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	20	0	60	40	15
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	150	125	20	190	160	30
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	40	30	10	85	70	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	60	45	10	45	40	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	30	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	15	15	0
48. Precision production	20	20	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	110	10	100	125	0	120
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	110	10	100	125	0	120
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	40	15	25	30	10	20
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	35	10	20	25	10	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	990	450	540	965	425	540
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	365	195	175	195	90	110
Education	20	0	20	25	0	20
13. Education	20	0	20	25	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	10	0	15	15	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	10	0	15	15	0
Humanities	45	15	30	45	0	45
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	15	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	0	20	0	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	75	20	55	85	35	50
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	0	15	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	20	15	10	60	35	25
Business, management and public administration	180	70	110	190	75	120
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	0	25	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	165	70	95	175	65	110
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	0	20	35	15	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	20	15	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	10	15	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	20	10	50	35	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	20	0	50	35	15
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	110	90	20	175	140	30
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	35	25	10	80	65	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	40	30	10	45	35	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	20	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	20	20	0
48. Precision production	15	15	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	90	10	85	115	0	110
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	90	10	85	110	0	110
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	35	15	20	30	10	20
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	25	10	20	20	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	990	450	540	965	425	540
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	365	195	175	195	90	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	625	260	370	770	335	435
Location of study inside Canada	445	175	270	505	225	280
Same as province or territory of residence	335	145	195	410	170	240
Different than province or territory of residence	110	35	85	95	50	40
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	180	80	95	265	110	155
Americas	15	10	10	25	20	0
United States of America	15	10	10	20	15	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	0	30	10	20
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	20	10	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	15	10	0	45	15	25
Nigeria	0	0	0	40	10	25
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	140	55	80	160	65	95
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	40	15	20	15	10	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	25	10	15
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	60	20	40	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	10	70	30	35
Pakistan	0	0	0	20	0	20
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,435	670	765	1,240	595	645
In the labour force	1,035	485	555	920	460	465
Employed	895	415	485	805	400	405
Unemployed	140	75	70	115	55	60
Not in the labour force	395	185	210	315	130	185
Participation rate	72.1	72.4	72.5	74.2	77.3	72.1
Employment rate	62.4	61.9	63.4	64.9	67.2	62.8
Unemployment rate	13.5	15.5	12.6	12.5	12.0	12.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,435	670	760	1,235	590	650
Did not work¹⁸⁶	485	245	245	355	145	210
Worked	945	425	515	880	445	440
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	580	265	315	490	255	235
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	365	160	200	390	190	195
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	40.7	42.3	41.2	42.0	40.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,035	485	550	920	460	465
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	60	40	20	50	30	25
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	975	450	530	870	430	445
Employee	850	385	465	760	365	400
Permanent position	715	325	395	665	325	340
Temporary position	130	60	70	100	40	60
Fixed term (1 year or more)	55	30	25	50	15	30
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	80	30	45	50	20	30
Self-employed¹⁹²	125	65	60	105	70	40
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,035	485	550	920	460	465
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	60	40	20	50	30	25
All occupations¹⁹¹	975	450	530	870	430	445
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	185	40	145	190	45	145
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	90	60	30	135	100	35
3 Health occupations	85	0	75	125	15	110
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	90	20	65	90	30	60
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	10	0	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	320	150	170	130	50	80
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	155	135	20	165	155	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	0	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	40	20	15	35	25	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,035	485	550	920	460	465
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	60	40	20	50	30	25
All industries¹⁹¹	975	450	530	870	430	445
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	20	15	40	25	15
22 Utilities	10	0	0	10	0	0
23 Construction	100	95	0	80	75	0
31-33 Manufacturing	70	30	35	35	25	15
41 Wholesale trade	30	20	10	25	10	15
44-45 Retail trade	115	55	65	90	35	60
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	75	60	15	110	85	30
51 Information and cultural industries	25	10	10	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	25	0	25	30	15	15
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	20	0	20	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	95	35	60	90	50	40
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	30	15	15	30	10	15
61 Educational services	20	0	20	65	30	30
62 Health care and social assistance	145	20	125	150	20	135
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	10	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	115	45	65	35	15	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	35	15	15	25	10	15
91 Public administration	25	0	20	40	15	20
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,070	485	585	945	460	485
English	980	460	525	860	430	430
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	25	10	15	0	0	0
English and French	10	0	10	10	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	60	20	40	80	25	50
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,070	485	585	945	460	485
Single responses	1,060	485	575	945	460	485
Official languages	1,020	470	550	925	450	475
English	1,020	470	550	925	450	475
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	45	15	25	25	15	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	45	15	25	25	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	15	20	15	10	10
Chinese languages	40	15	20	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	15	20	15	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	10	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,070	485	585	945	460	485
None	1,015	470	550	865	430	430
English	15	10	0	10	0	0
French	10	0	10	10	0	0
Non-official language	30	15	20	50	15	35
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	30	15	20	50	15	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	10	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	895	415	485	805	405	405
Worked at home	210	75	135	235	110	125
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	140	100	40	125	100	20
Usual place of work	545	235	310	440	185	260
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	545	235	310	445	185	260
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	490	205	290	410	170	240
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	35	20	15	25	0	20
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	15	0	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	685	335	345	570	285	280
Car, truck or van	605	315	290	520	265	250
Car, truck or van - as a driver	520	280	235	470	255	215
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	85	30	50	45	10	35
Public transit	50	10	40	30	10	20
Walked	10	0	10	15	0	15
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	25	10	15	15	15	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	685	335	345	570	285	280
Less than 15 minutes	150	70	80	75	40	40
15 to 29 minutes	300	155	150	265	125	135
30 to 44 minutes	170	95	75	170	80	90
45 to 59 minutes	20	0	20	20	15	0
60 minutes and over	40	20	25	40	25	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	685	335	345	570	285	280
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	30	20	10	45	30	20
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	140	75	65	145	80	60
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	175	80	100	150	75	80
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	110	45	65	80	40	40
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	100	50	50	60	25	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	140	80	60	80	40	40
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	340	190	155	535	255	280
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	10	10	30	10	20
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	325	180	140	500	245	260
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	245	135	105	370	180	185
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	5	10	25	15	10
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	5	5	5	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	5	15	10	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	225	130	100	350	170	175

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 29, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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