Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48061474More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			Division No. 6, Census division (CDR)More information: Alberta [Census division] Remove			48061367More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48060099More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	1,115	...	...	1,590,639	...	...	1,670	...	...	593	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	1,498,778	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	6.1	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	567	...	...	638,160	...	...	615	...	...	314	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	520	...	...	604,628	...	...	597	...	...	285	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,546.9	...	...	126.1	...	...	2,267.2	...	...	3,820.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.72	...	...	12,614.18	...	...	0.74	...	...	0.16	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	1,115	555	560	1,590,640	790,320	800,320	1,670	810	865	595	270	320
0 to 14 years	190	115	80	294,075	151,285	142,785	215	105	100	95	45	50
0 to 4 years	75	45	25	89,790	46,155	43,630	60	35	25	40	20	20
5 to 9 years	65	35	30	100,905	51,680	49,225	85	40	35	30	15	15
10 to 14 years	55	35	20	103,380	53,450	49,930	65	35	35	25	10	15
15 to 64 years	855	410	445	1,074,770	535,540	539,230	960	485	475	410	195	220
15 to 19 years	70	35	35	92,025	47,355	44,675	70	40	30	10	5	5
20 to 24 years	110	55	60	91,515	47,260	44,260	75	40	30	20	10	10
25 to 29 years	135	55	80	101,235	50,320	50,915	85	50	40	35	20	15
30 to 34 years	75	40	35	123,235	60,255	62,980	120	65	55	55	20	30
35 to 39 years	95	40	55	132,045	64,950	67,095	105	50	50	60	35	30
40 to 44 years	100	40	60	121,735	60,110	61,625	105	45	55	55	30	25
45 to 49 years	95	50	50	111,345	55,485	55,860	85	40	40	45	20	25
50 to 54 years	75	40	35	103,325	51,835	51,490	85	45	40	45	15	25
55 to 59 years	50	25	20	101,580	50,260	51,320	95	35	65	40	20	20
60 to 64 years	40	30	20	96,735	47,710	49,020	135	70	70	55	25	30
65 years and over	70	30	35	221,795	103,495	118,300	500	215	285	85	35	45
65 to 69 years	30	15	15	78,095	38,250	39,845	125	55	65	30	15	20
70 to 74 years	15	10	15	58,785	28,310	30,475	100	50	50	15	5	10
75 to 79 years	10	5	10	36,570	17,235	19,340	70	30	40	15	5	10
80 to 84 years	5	5	0	23,750	10,405	13,350	70	20	50	5	0	0
85 years and over	5	5	0	24,595	9,300	15,290	140	55	85	10	0	5
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	15,285	6,230	9,050	85	30	55	5	0	5
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	7,425	2,580	4,850	45	20	20	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	1,655	445	1,210	10	5	5	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	225	45	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.0	20.7	14.3	18.5	19.1	17.8	12.9	13.0	11.6	16.0	16.7	15.6
15 to 64 years	76.7	73.9	79.5	67.6	67.8	67.4	57.5	59.9	54.9	68.9	72.2	68.8
65 years and over	6.3	5.4	6.3	13.9	13.1	14.8	29.9	26.5	32.9	14.3	13.0	14.1
85 years and over	0.4	0.9	0.0	1.5	1.2	1.9	8.4	6.8	9.8	1.7	0.0	1.6
Average age of the population	34.3	33.4	35.1	38.9	38.3	39.6	48.3	45.8	50.6	41.7	41.0	42.4
Median age of the population	32.8	32.4	34.4	38.4	38.0	39.2	49.2	45.2	53.2	42.0	40.8	42.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	520	...	...	604,630	...	...	600	...	...	285	...	...
Single-detached house	80	...	...	351,925	...	...	300	...	...	70	...	...
Semi-detached house	10	...	...	39,065	...	...	160	...	...	70	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	57,180	...	...	35	...	...	65	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...	21,855	...	...	10	...	...	55	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	195	...	...	89,225	...	...	85	...	...	25	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	225	...	...	40,750	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	380	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	4,250	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	520	...	...	604,630	...	...	600	...	...	285	...	...
1 person	210	...	...	151,770	...	...	170	...	...	100	...	...
2 persons	155	...	...	196,980	...	...	225	...	...	105	...	...
3 persons	75	...	...	96,165	...	...	95	...	...	35	...	...
4 persons	50	...	...	97,780	...	...	75	...	...	40	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	61,930	...	...	40	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,115	550	560	1,571,935	782,210	789,725	1,400	690	715	585	270	315
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	925	440	485	1,296,570	639,035	657,530	1,460	700	765	495	230	270
Married or living common-law	405	205	200	773,480	387,015	386,465	805	405	405	290	145	150
Married	315	160	155	657,160	328,650	328,510	665	330	330	215	105	105
Living common-law	90	45	45	116,320	58,365	57,960	135	70	70	75	40	40
Living common law - Never married	85	40	45	87,265	43,935	43,330	85	40	40	60	30	35
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	4,035	2,145	1,890	5	0	0	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	5	5	5	23,185	11,490	11,690	40	25	20	15	10	10
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	1,835	790	1,045	5	5	5	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	515	235	280	523,090	252,020	271,065	650	295	355	205	85	120
Not married and not living common law - Never married	380	185	195	364,145	197,890	166,255	335	200	140	140	70	70
Not married and not living common law - Separated	35	15	20	29,375	12,665	16,710	45	20	25	10	0	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	75	30	40	79,920	30,945	48,970	135	45	85	45	10	30
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	25	5	20	49,640	10,520	39,125	135	25	115	15	0	10
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	275	...	...	438,900	...	...	415	...	...	170	...	...
2 persons	135	...	...	204,395	...	...	230	...	...	110	...	...
3 persons	70	...	...	94,815	...	...	85	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	45	...	...	97,660	...	...	65	...	...	35	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	42,025	...	...	30	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.7	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	270	...	...	438,900	...	...	415	...	...	170	...	...
Total couple families	195	...	...	377,050	...	...	340	...	...	145	...	...
Married couples	150	...	...	318,890	...	...	270	...	...	105	...	...
With children⁶	95	...	...	190,345	...	...	125	...	...	50	...	...
Without children	55	...	...	128,545	...	...	145	...	...	55	...	...
Common-law couples	50	...	...	58,160	...	...	70	...	...	40	...	...
With children⁶	5	...	...	19,165	...	...	25	...	...	10	...	...
Without children	40	...	...	38,995	...	...	40	...	...	30	...	...
Total one-parent families	75	...	...	61,850	...	...	75	...	...	25	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	65	...	...	47,785	...	...	60	...	...	20	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	14,065	...	...	15	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	1,115	555	560	1,571,935	782,210	789,725	1,400	690	715	585	270	315
Total - Persons in census families	775	390	390	1,308,650	651,540	657,110	1,145	570	570	440	210	230
Married spouses or common-law partners	395	200	200	754,090	377,085	377,010	680	340	340	290	145	150
Parents in one-parent families	75	10	70	61,855	14,065	47,790	75	15	60	25	5	20
Children⁶	310	180	125	492,710	260,395	232,315	390	220	170	125	65	60
In a two-parent family	190	110	80	396,580	208,580	188,000	280	160	115	95	50	45
In a one-parent family	115	75	45	96,130	51,815	44,315	110	60	55	30	15	15
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	340	165	170	263,280	130,670	132,615	255	115	140	150	60	85
Living alone	210	110	100	151,765	71,605	80,165	165	65	105	105	35	65
Living with other relatives⁷	45	25	20	40,060	17,085	22,975	20	10	5	5	0	5
Living with non-relatives only	85	30	55	71,460	41,975	29,480	70	40	25	40	20	20
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	520	...	...	604,630	...	...	595	...	...	285	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	235	...	...	375,185	...	...	380	...	...	150	...	...
Couple-family households	175	...	...	328,515	...	...	320	...	...	135	...	...
With children⁶	95	...	...	182,665	...	...	145	...	...	55	...	...
Without children	80	...	...	145,845	...	...	175	...	...	80	...	...
One-parent-family households	65	...	...	46,670	...	...	55	...	...	20	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...	20,165	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...	4,730	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	20	...	...	22,485	...	...	20	...	...	10	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	40	...	...	30,295	...	...	25	...	...	15	...	...
One-person households	215	...	...	151,765	...	...	165	...	...	105	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	920	440	480	1,278,370	631,180	647,195	1,190	580	610	495	220	265
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	865	415	455	1,214,945	600,280	614,665	1,130	545	585	475	215	255
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	38,000	35,200	44,800	52,400	39,200	45,200	50,400	41,200	64,500	74,500	59,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	865	415	455	1,215,665	600,680	614,980	1,130	545	585	475	215	255
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	34,800	33,200	40,400	46,000	36,000	40,800	44,800	37,600	55,200	61,600	50,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	720	355	365	1,105,625	556,335	549,290	1,040	515	525	455	210	240
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,400	35,200	28,800	40,800	50,000	32,400	37,600	42,800	32,800	60,400	68,000	52,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	660	330	330	922,195	474,800	447,395	795	405	395	385	180	205
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	35,600	30,800	42,400	50,800	34,800	38,400	43,200	34,800	64,500	72,000	56,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	805	375	425	1,061,305	515,795	545,510	1,005	480	530	410	175	230
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,700	7,200	11,300	7,600	5,600	9,100	10,200	8,400	11,300	6,120	5,360	6,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	135	65	70	136,975	64,415	72,555	140	70	70	55	20	35
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,280	5,200	5,360	5,800	5,760	5,880	6,280	5,720	6,320	6,280	x	6,450
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	400	185	210	384,535	184,820	199,710	330	160	170	135	60	75
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	10,000	10,000	8,000	8,000	8,500	9,000	8,000	10,000	8,000	8,000	8,200
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	915	430	485	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	1,145	565	580	405	195	210
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	835	400	435	1,214,380	599,940	614,440	1,075	515	565	390	195	200
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,800	49,800	40,400	65,500	78,400	52,850	61,000	70,000	52,800	75,200	89,000	62,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	835	400	435	1,215,100	600,300	614,800	1,075	515	565	390	195	200
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,600	41,000	36,400	53,050	61,750	44,560	50,800	57,200	45,000	61,800	71,000	52,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	735	365	370	1,105,945	556,435	549,510	1,005	485	515	375	195	185
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	44,800	32,800	62,300	76,300	48,160	55,400	64,400	46,800	70,000	84,000	55,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	695	355	340	922,200	475,075	447,125	805	415	395	305	170	140
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,700	45,400	33,800	60,800	73,200	47,640	58,200	64,400	51,400	69,500	78,000	60,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	780	365	415	1,060,140	515,090	545,050	930	425	515	340	170	175
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,620	9,840	13,200	10,020	8,930	11,050	10,700	10,840	10,560	8,400	5,240	11,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	150	60	90	136,685	64,550	72,135	105	60	45	35	0	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,100	3,800	5,900	7,070	6,620	7,480	8,600	7,000	10,800	5,600	...	6,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	400	155	250	383,100	184,610	198,485	265	140	120	105	50	55
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,720	10,400	9,300	9,270	9,160	9,380	9,100	9,200	8,800	9,000	7,400	10,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	915	430	485	1,278,370	631,155	647,215	1,145	565	575	405	200	210
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	255	135	115	432,255	245,295	186,965	415	210	200	145	90	60
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,400	52,400	45,200	73,000	80,000	65,000	67,500	67,500	66,500	90,000	107,000	64,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,500	80,000	52,000	94,000	107,000	76,900	86,800	98,000	75,500	96,000	108,000	76,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	290	135	155	374,345	173,060	201,290	280	125	155	120	60	60
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,400	15,100	19,600	20,400	23,400	18,400	20,000	20,600	17,800	38,400	36,000	38,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,800	23,600	26,000	33,960	40,480	28,360	34,000	38,000	30,400	49,000	48,000	50,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	76.0	82.0	69.0	86.6	90.2	81.4	84.8	87.0	82.0	90.0	94.0	84.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	73.6	81.0	66.0	70.6	74.0	65.6	71.6	74.0	68.5	74.0	78.0	68.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.1	18.0	31.2	13.4	9.8	18.5	15.2	12.7	18.2	9.9	5.2	16.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.2	2.9	1.2	0.9	1.7	1.4	1.1	1.6	0.7	x	1.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	11.3	8.6	14.3	5.0	3.9	6.5	4.1	4.0	4.3	3.6	2.3	5.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	10.4	8.0	13.2	4.5	3.6	5.7	3.7	3.6	3.7	3.2	2.2	4.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	925	440	485	1,278,375	631,180	647,190	1,190	580	610	490	225	270
Without total income	55	25	30	63,430	30,900	32,525	55	35	25	15	10	10
With total income	870	415	455	1,214,950	600,280	614,670	1,130	545	585	475	220	255
Under $10,000 (including loss)	80	35	40	107,500	44,415	63,085	90	30	55	20	10	10
$10,000 to $19,999	100	45	50	115,465	47,780	67,690	85	35	55	40	10	25
$20,000 to $29,999	175	85	90	178,230	78,800	99,430	175	90	90	60	30	35
$30,000 to $39,999	150	55	90	142,910	61,170	81,740	150	65	85	40	20	20
$40,000 to $49,999	115	55	60	122,655	55,960	66,690	120	55	65	35	15	20
$50,000 to $59,999	80	35	40	101,530	48,280	53,245	120	50	70	25	10	20
$60,000 to $69,999	60	30	30	85,080	42,725	42,355	95	45	50	35	10	20
$70,000 to $79,999	40	25	15	68,705	36,885	31,825	55	30	30	30	15	15
$80,000 to $89,999	25	20	5	53,900	30,515	23,385	75	45	35	25	10	15
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	5	45,345	25,570	19,775	30	15	10	25	10	15
$100,000 and over	35	20	10	193,625	128,165	65,460	140	90	45	135	75	60
$100,000 to $149,999	30	15	10	113,250	69,295	43,955	95	55	40	85	45	35
$150,000 and over	5	5	0	80,375	58,870	21,505	40	35	5	50	30	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	925	440	485	1,278,375	631,180	647,190	1,190	580	610	490	225	270
Without after-tax income	55	25	30	62,710	30,505	32,210	55	35	25	15	10	10
With after-tax income	870	415	455	1,215,660	600,680	614,985	1,130	545	585	475	220	255
Under $10,000 (including loss)	80	35	45	112,205	46,185	66,020	95	35	60	20	10	10
$10,000 to $19,999	100	50	50	120,545	50,115	70,430	85	35	55	40	15	25
$20,000 to $29,999	200	95	105	201,940	89,680	112,255	195	90	100	65	30	40
$30,000 to $39,999	160	65	100	166,565	73,405	93,160	175	80	95	50	20	25
$40,000 to $49,999	130	65	65	143,135	67,430	75,705	160	65	90	40	15	25
$50,000 to $59,999	80	40	40	114,565	57,190	57,380	115	60	60	35	10	25
$60,000 to $69,999	50	30	25	87,375	47,045	40,330	90	45	50	35	15	15
$70,000 to $79,999	35	25	10	65,115	36,810	28,305	55	35	20	30	10	15
$80,000 to $89,999	10	0	5	51,690	28,935	22,760	50	30	20	45	20	25
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	10	35,160	21,215	13,945	20	10	15	25	15	10
$100,000 and over	10	10	0	117,360	82,665	34,700	80	60	20	80	50	30
$100,000 to $124,999	5	5	0	48,950	32,240	16,710	40	25	15	40	25	15
$125,000 and over	5	5	0	68,410	50,430	17,985	40	35	5	40	25	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	925	440	485	1,278,375	631,180	647,190	1,190	580	610	490	225	270
Without employment income	260	110	155	356,175	156,380	199,795	390	175	220	105	45	65
With employment income	660	335	325	922,200	474,800	447,395	795	400	390	385	180	205
Under $5,000 (including loss)	75	40	35	116,020	54,130	61,895	110	55	55	40	25	15
$5,000 to $9,999	60	25	40	73,350	31,190	42,165	55	30	25	25	5	20
$10,000 to $19,999	80	40	45	101,970	44,705	57,260	85	35	50	35	15	15
$20,000 to $29,999	85	40	45	78,390	35,640	42,745	80	35	45	20	5	10
$30,000 to $39,999	75	35	35	73,695	34,455	39,235	80	35	45	20	10	10
$40,000 to $49,999	90	35	50	71,335	34,515	36,815	60	35	25	25	10	20
$50,000 to $59,999	65	40	30	67,050	32,805	34,245	65	25	40	15	5	10
$60,000 to $69,999	30	15	15	60,120	30,900	29,220	70	30	35	25	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	30	15	15	49,420	27,665	21,750	35	20	15	25	20	5
$80,000 to $89,999	20	15	0	40,555	23,400	17,160	35	20	10	20	10	10
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	5	37,010	20,630	16,375	20	10	10	20	5	15
$100,000 and over	25	15	10	153,280	104,755	48,525	100	65	35	110	60	50
$100,000 to $124,999	20	10	10	61,175	36,970	24,210	50	25	25	45	25	20
$125,000 and over	10	5	0	92,100	67,780	24,320	50	45	10	65	40	25
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	920	440	480	1,278,370	631,180	647,195	1,190	580	610	495	220	265
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	845	405	440	1,186,950	585,375	601,575	1,110	540	575	470	215	260
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,600	36,400	30,000	44,400	53,200	37,600	46,000	53,200	38,400	62,800	68,500	59,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	845	405	440	1,187,385	585,475	601,910	1,110	540	575	470	215	260
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,600	32,400	28,000	40,000	46,400	34,400	41,200	46,800	36,000	53,600	57,600	51,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	725	355	370	1,090,850	548,795	542,060	1,050	515	535	450	205	245
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	38,000	30,200	43,600	52,800	35,600	40,400	48,400	35,200	62,400	68,500	58,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	660	330	330	923,490	475,205	448,285	825	415	415	385	175	210
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	40,400	31,600	44,800	53,600	37,600	41,200	48,400	36,800	66,000	73,000	62,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	745	350	395	1,003,255	489,055	514,200	960	460	505	375	165	210
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,080	970	3,020	1,190	960	3,040	2,480	1,120	5,360	1,040	890	1,210
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	55	30	25	85,480	38,765	46,720	85	45	45	25	15	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,350	5,440	8,900	6,450	5,680	7,200	5,600	6,800	5,120	9,200	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	915	430	485	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	1,145	565	580	405	195	210
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	815	400	415	1,186,410	585,100	601,310	1,065	505	555	385	185	195
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,200	42,000	38,400	65,500	80,000	51,400	63,900	73,600	55,000	79,600	95,000	64,500
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	815	400	415	1,186,820	585,185	601,635	1,065	505	555	385	185	195
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,300	34,600	34,000	52,650	62,600	43,000	52,100	58,600	46,200	63,000	73,000	53,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	710	350	360	1,091,545	549,110	542,435	1,020	490	530	380	185	195
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	44,000	37,200	65,600	80,800	50,200	60,700	70,800	51,400	76,000	96,000	57,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	675	335	340	923,490	475,385	448,110	840	410	425	325	165	160
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,900	45,000	39,000	64,100	77,600	49,760	61,100	71,600	51,200	77,600	97,000	58,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	735	365	370	1,003,375	489,190	514,180	905	415	490	290	140	150
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,710	4,500	6,880	6,130	5,076	7,130	7,140	6,840	7,400	5,880	2,360	9,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	65	40	25	84,820	38,275	46,545	80	25	55	20	0	15
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,800	7,200	6,000	8,200	7,120	9,080	6,800	7,200	6,600	10,000	...	14,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	915	430	485	1,278,370	631,155	647,215	1,145	565	575	405	200	210
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	255	135	115	428,265	243,165	185,105	410	210	200	150	95	60
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	49,600	46,400	52,400	70,500	78,500	62,000	66,500	69,000	65,500	93,000	117,000	63,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,600	74,000	51,000	92,000	105,800	74,000	86,000	98,000	73,000	98,000	114,000	74,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	260	105	150	353,070	163,500	189,570	270	125	145	120	65	60
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,400	22,400	20,800	28,800	33,200	25,600	36,000	39,200	31,000	40,800	36,000	40,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,000	27,600	30,000	43,720	53,050	35,720	45,200	51,000	40,000	70,000	80,000	58,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	87.2	90.0	84.0	92.0	94.6	88.2	90.4	92.0	88.0	94.0	98.0	90.0
Employment income (%)	85.6	89.0	82.0	76.2	78.8	72.2	75.2	78.0	71.5	82.0	88.0	74.0
Government transfers (%)	12.7	9.7	15.9	7.9	5.3	11.9	9.5	7.6	11.9	5.6	1.9	10.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.6	1.0	0.9	0.6	1.4	0.8	0.5	1.2	0.7	x	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	520	...	...	604,630	...	...	600	...	...	285	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...	100,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	55,200	...	...	87,000	...	...	81,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	215	...	...	151,765	...	...	165	...	...	105	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,200	...	...	50,400	...	...	50,400	...	...	66,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,400	...	...	44,000	...	...	43,200	...	...	58,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	310	...	...	452,860	...	...	430	...	...	180	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	111,000	...	...	138,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	104,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	500	...	...	604,630	...	...	580	...	...	250	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	75,200	...	...	131,600	...	...	113,600	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	64,800	...	...	106,600	...	...	94,800	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	170	...	...	151,830	...	...	150	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,000	...	...	67,800	...	...	66,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	55,250	...	...	55,000	...	...	55,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	325	...	...	452,795	...	...	425	...	...	150	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,800	...	...	152,800	...	...	131,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	81,200	...	...	123,800	...	...	109,200	...	...	122,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	520	...	...	604,630	...	...	600	...	...	285	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	6,730	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	3,245	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	4,475	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	6,245	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	45	...	...	16,055	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	16,860	...	...	20	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...	14,380	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	16,415	...	...	20	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	17,790	...	...	20	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	17,750	...	...	20	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	36,405	...	...	40	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	40	...	...	37,740	...	...	35	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	35	...	...	37,230	...	...	40	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	30	...	...	35,705	...	...	50	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	40	...	...	34,355	...	...	35	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	115	...	...	303,255	...	...	275	...	...	155	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	55	...	...	74,975	...	...	90	...	...	35	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	58,215	...	...	75	...	...	30	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	25	...	...	76,310	...	...	55	...	...	35	...	...
$200,000 and over	10	...	...	93,755	...	...	55	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	520	...	...	604,630	...	...	600	...	...	285	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	7,625	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	3,380	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	4,615	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	6,745	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	45	...	...	17,335	...	...	15	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	19,015	...	...	20	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	16,770	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...	19,345	...	...	25	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	35	...	...	21,320	...	...	20	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	21,155	...	...	25	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	45	...	...	44,695	...	...	40	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	50	...	...	45,520	...	...	55	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	40	...	...	44,095	...	...	55	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	30	...	...	42,705	...	...	50	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	35	...	...	38,715	...	...	40	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	80	...	...	251,600	...	...	215	...	...	120	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	45	...	...	78,970	...	...	95	...	...	35	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	56,565	...	...	55	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 and over	15	...	...	116,060	...	...	65	...	...	65	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	285	...	...	431,155	...	...	410	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	109,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	103,000	...	...	95,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	85	...	...	151,045	...	...	180	...	...	80	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	107,000	...	...	99,000	...	...	135,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	92,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	105	...	...	209,715	...	...	155	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	144,000	...	...	134,000	...	...	196,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	123,000	...	...	114,000	...	...	157,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...	3.9	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	75	...	...	56,700	...	...	70	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	53,200	...	...	75,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	71,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	49,600	...	...	68,500	...	...	74,500	...	...	66,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	295	140	150	223,225	113,580	109,645	235	105	135	145	60	85
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	29,800	35,600	44,400	46,000	43,200	44,000	44,000	44,000	65,500	59,600	67,500
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,600	28,200	33,600	40,000	40,800	38,800	38,400	38,400	38,800	55,600	53,600	58,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	295	...	...	431,010	...	...	410	...	...	145	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	153,400	...	...	130,000	...	...	146,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	123,800	...	...	107,600	...	...	120,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	151,205	...	...	195	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	141,000	...	...	121,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	113,400	...	...	100,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	95	...	...	209,670	...	...	140	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	180,800	...	...	154,000	...	...	200,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	144,600	...	...	126,000	...	...	160,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	80	...	...	56,445	...	...	75	...	...	15	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	90,200	...	...	108,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	78,200	...	...	92,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	260	110	150	223,320	113,715	109,605	200	100	95	125	60	65
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,600	35,500	35,500	60,050	61,950	58,050	60,400	58,000	63,000	66,000	72,000	60,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	31,600	32,500	49,640	50,640	48,560	51,200	50,000	52,000	55,000	60,000	52,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	1,115	555	560	1,571,935	782,210	789,725	1,400	685	710	590	270	320
0 to 17 years	230	135	95	349,785	179,925	169,860	260	135	120	100	45	55
0 to 5 years	90	55	35	109,785	56,290	53,495	80	45	35	50	25	20
18 to 64 years	815	390	425	1,013,015	502,890	510,125	860	415	435	400	185	215
65 years and over	70	30	35	209,135	99,390	109,740	285	130	155	85	35	45
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	260	135	120	134,160	64,550	69,610	90	40	45	55	25	30
0 to 17 years	70	45	25	35,370	18,260	17,110	15	10	5	10	5	10
0 to 5 years	30	20	5	11,490	5,880	5,610	5	5	0	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	170	85	90	78,110	37,880	40,225	55	25	30	35	15	20
65 years and over	20	10	10	20,680	8,400	12,270	20	5	10	5	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	23.0	24.4	21.6	8.5	8.3	8.8	6.4	6.0	6.8	9.6	9.5	9.5
0 to 17 years (%)	29.0	32.0	24.0	10.1	10.2	10.1	6.0	9.0	x	12.0	10.0	12.0
0 to 5 years (%)	32.0	32.0	30.0	10.5	10.5	10.5	x	x	x	20.0	x	25.0
18 to 64 years (%)	21.0	21.2	20.8	7.7	7.5	7.9	6.4	5.2	7.6	9.0	9.0	9.0
65 years and over (%)	28.0	32.0	28.0	9.9	8.5	11.2	6.0	5.0	7.0	10.0	12.0	8.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	1,115	555	565	1,571,935	782,210	789,725	1,400	690	715	585	270	315
0 to 17 years	230	130	100	349,790	179,930	169,855	260	135	120	105	45	60
0 to 5 years	85	60	30	109,785	56,290	53,500	80	40	40	50	25	25
18 to 64 years	815	390	425	1,013,015	502,890	510,130	855	420	440	400	190	210
65 years and over	70	35	35	209,130	99,390	109,740	285	130	155	80	35	50
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	145	80	65	81,680	42,310	39,370	50	25	25	45	20	25
0 to 17 years	30	20	10	18,085	9,305	8,780	10	5	0	10	5	10
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	5,625	2,890	2,730	0	0	0	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	115	55	55	57,155	29,990	27,170	35	15	15	30	15	20
65 years and over	5	0	5	6,440	3,015	3,420	5	5	5	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	13.0	14.0	12.4	5.2	5.4	5.0	3.6	3.6	3.6	7.4	7.0	8.0
0 to 17 years (%)	13.0	14.0	10.0	5.2	5.2	5.2	x	x	x	8.0	x	12.0
0 to 5 years (%)	18.0	18.0	20.0	5.1	5.1	5.1	x	x	x	16.0	x	25.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.8	14.4	13.2	5.6	6.0	5.3	4.0	4.0	4.5	8.5	8.0	8.0
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	3.1	3.0	3.1	3.0	3.0	2.5	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	1,115	555	560	1,571,935	782,210	789,725	1,400	690	715	585	270	315
In bottom half of the distribution	780	385	395	673,690	328,825	344,865	630	305	325	200	90	110
In bottom decile	215	115	105	124,250	62,485	61,770	75	35	40	55	25	35
In second decile	135	60	70	132,700	62,320	70,380	120	65	60	40	20	20
In third decile	155	60	90	133,855	64,900	68,960	140	60	80	35	15	20
In fourth decile	155	85	70	138,980	68,120	70,855	155	75	75	40	15	25
In fifth decile	125	65	60	143,905	71,000	72,900	135	70	70	25	10	15
In top half of the distribution	330	165	165	898,245	453,385	444,865	775	385	385	385	180	205
In sixth decile	120	55	65	150,845	75,135	75,710	135	60	75	40	20	25
In seventh decile	100	55	50	155,985	78,075	77,910	175	95	85	50	25	30
In eighth decile	50	30	20	164,975	82,995	81,980	185	95	90	45	25	15
In ninth decile	35	15	15	181,315	91,520	89,795	140	65	70	80	30	50
In top decile	25	15	15	245,130	125,660	119,470	130	70	65	170	80	90
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	1,115	...	...	1,571,935	...	...	1,400	...	...	585	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.334	...	...	0.374	...	...	0.282	...	...	0.344	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.482	...	...	0.467	...	...	0.382	...	...	0.412	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.299	...	...	0.326	...	...	0.252	...	...	0.313	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.8	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.1	...	...	5.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	1,115	555	565	1,578,665	784,990	793,675	1,480	715	765	585	270	315
English only	1,010	505	505	1,440,365	723,615	716,745	1,380	670	705	515	240	280
French only	0	0	0	980	425	555	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	70	30	35	103,090	47,140	55,945	100	45	55	60	25	35
Neither English nor French	35	20	15	34,235	13,810	20,420	5	0	5	10	0	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	1,115	555	565	1,578,665	784,990	793,675	1,480	715	765	585	270	315
English	1,065	525	540	1,517,390	757,800	759,590	1,450	705	750	570	260	310
French	20	10	10	20,675	10,250	10,425	20	10	10	10	5	5
English and French	0	0	0	7,260	3,590	3,675	5	0	0	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	30	15	15	33,340	13,355	19,985	5	0	5	5	0	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	1,115	555	565	1,578,665	784,990	793,675	1,480	715	765	585	270	315
Single responses	965	475	495	1,505,615	749,475	756,135	1,445	705	745	565	255	305
Official languages	605	295	310	1,090,565	550,685	539,875	1,285	635	650	470	215	250
English	585	280	305	1,070,475	540,715	529,760	1,265	625	645	460	215	245
French	20	10	10	20,090	9,970	10,115	20	10	10	10	5	0
Non-official languages	360	180	185	415,050	198,790	216,260	165	70	90	95	40	55
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	5	0	645	270	380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	445	180	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	5	5	0	180	90	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	205	75	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	205	75	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	50	20	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	130	55	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	355	175	180	414,405	198,525	215,885	160	70	90	95	40	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	35,495	18,255	17,240	5	0	0	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	135	75	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	3,200	1,600	1,600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	170	85	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	0	1,395	700	700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	1,615	800	815	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	15	15	32,085	16,545	15,535	5	0	0	5	5	0
Amharic	5	0	5	4,515	2,170	2,345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	10	21,355	11,215	10,145	5	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	660	325	340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	350	175	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	220	105	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	95	40	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	480	240	240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	4,965	2,545	2,420	0	0	0	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	14,785	6,645	8,140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	870	400	465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	13,810	6,185	7,625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	110	60	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	195	90	105	55,755	24,650	31,110	10	5	5	5	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	235	105	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	970	415	555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	2,010	900	1,115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	1,070	460	610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	5	10	3,610	1,630	1,980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	700	280	420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	195	80	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	510	240	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	210	100	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	155	70	85	45,300	20,005	25,290	10	5	5	0	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	165	80	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	465	195	270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	605	300	310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	150	75	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	0	6,750	3,470	3,280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	355	180	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	2,805	1,410	1,390	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	5	2,215	1,160	1,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	1,295	685	610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	120	70	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	70	40	30	203,750	100,055	103,695	110	45	70	40	15	30
Albanian	0	0	0	1,375	725	650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	275	135	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	30,225	13,960	16,270	60	25	30	10	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	490	225	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	185	80	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	305	145	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	29,740	13,735	16,005	60	25	30	10	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	820	410	405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	1,405	645	760	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	160	80	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	7,595	3,540	4,050	25	10	10	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	5	10,165	4,510	5,660	25	10	15	5	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	4,905	2,385	2,520	5	5	5	0	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	895	435	460	5	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	2,000	960	1,045	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	1,935	950	980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	1,085	545	545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	3,340	1,500	1,840	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	125	65	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	17,580	8,490	9,090	20	5	10	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	10,660	5,055	5,600	15	5	5	5	0	0
German	0	0	0	10,230	4,840	5,390	15	5	5	5	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	365	190	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	5,565	2,755	2,810	10	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	1,230	595	640	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	3,870	1,930	1,935	10	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	295	135	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	1,290	635	650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	765	395	370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	210	90	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	270	125	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	1,520	710	805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	106,625	53,665	52,955	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	5	93,240	46,930	46,305	0	0	0	10	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	4,455	2,230	2,230	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	5	0	0	6,565	3,380	3,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	8,495	4,290	4,205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	1,080	475	605	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	175	85	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	995	500	495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	2,265	1,175	1,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	95	50	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	49,105	24,690	24,420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	305	160	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	1,030	505	525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	0	17,875	8,975	8,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	645	340	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	13,350	6,720	6,630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	50	30	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,100	540	565	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	2,020	1,035	990	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	5	5	10,100	5,080	5,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	5	5	0	3,045	1,520	1,525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	5,705	2,875	2,830	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,345	685	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	20	15	45,970	22,265	23,700	40	15	25	15	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	4,625	2,335	2,285	0	0	0	5	5	0
Portuguese	5	0	0	4,540	2,160	2,375	5	0	5	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	5	4,585	2,265	2,315	5	5	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	10	5	32,170	15,475	16,695	25	10	15	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10	2,395	800	1,595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	10,745	4,940	5,800	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	465	210	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	6,430	3,245	3,185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	705	360	340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	775	400	375	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	200	95	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	120	60	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	145	65	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	340	155	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	790	385	410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	90	40	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	1,845	970	875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	765	375	395	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	1,315	665	650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	555	305	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	385	170	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	315	160	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	30	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	275	145	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	225	120	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	68,720	31,925	36,790	20	10	10	35	15	20
Chinese languages	10	5	5	67,430	31,300	36,130	20	10	10	35	15	20
Hakka	0	0	0	295	140	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0	31,950	14,765	17,190	15	5	5	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	1,235	520	710	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	260	125	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	32,755	15,315	17,435	5	5	5	30	15	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	865	390	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	1,245	600	640	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	265	125	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	90	40	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	170	85	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	635	320	325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	1,240	435	800	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	460	220	245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	740	205	535	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	0	1,955	1,050	900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	245	135	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	1,405	770	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	105	60	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	3,550	1,640	1,910	5	5	0	5	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	305	105	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	3,155	1,490	1,665	5	5	0	5	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	150	80	70	73,050	35,515	37,535	35	15	20	25	15	15
English and French	0	0	0	6,360	3,080	3,285	0	0	0	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	130	70	55	58,650	28,715	29,930	30	10	20	15	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	1,230	605	630	0	0	0	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	1,130	525	605	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	5	5,680	2,595	3,085	0	0	0	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	1,115	555	565	1,578,665	784,990	793,675	1,480	715	765	585	270	315
English	600	290	310	1,104,225	556,180	548,045	1,295	630	665	485	225	260
French	5	5	5	4,775	2,390	2,390	0	0	0	5	5	0
Non-official language	85	45	40	127,600	60,835	66,760	30	20	15	20	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	85	45	40	127,540	60,810	66,730	30	20	15	20	10	10
English and French	10	5	0	14,755	6,925	7,835	20	15	10	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	385	195	185	306,635	148,985	157,650	120	55	65	70	25	40
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	570	255	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	7,715	3,605	4,105	0	0	0	5	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	10	12,395	5,820	6,575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	1,115	555	565	1,578,665	784,990	793,675	1,480	715	765	585	270	315
Single responses	1,000	485	515	1,503,115	748,130	754,985	1,460	705	755	570	265	310
Official languages	725	345	375	1,243,700	622,455	621,250	1,380	670	710	535	245	290
English	720	345	375	1,236,475	618,890	617,585	1,375	665	710	530	240	285
French	5	5	5	7,230	3,560	3,665	5	5	0	10	0	5
Non-official languages	270	140	130	259,415	125,675	133,740	85	35	40	35	20	20
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	115	50	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	270	140	130	259,295	125,620	133,675	85	35	40	35	20	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10	22,515	11,260	11,260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	2,145	1,040	1,105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	130	65	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	0	1,005	505	505	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	1,010	470	535	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	20	10	20,280	10,165	10,115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	5	5	0	2,840	1,335	1,500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	15	5	12,825	6,490	6,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	510	250	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	265	130	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	160	75	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	245	125	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	3,805	1,940	1,865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	9,940	4,535	5,405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	465	205	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	9,395	4,280	5,110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	145	70	80	35,275	16,595	18,675	15	5	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	85	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	505	240	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	0	1,190	580	605	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	580	280	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	2,225	1,035	1,185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	255	130	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	130	55	70	29,630	13,885	15,750	10	5	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	205	100	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	340	160	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	115	60	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	70	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	4,410	2,205	2,205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	190	95	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,900	940	960	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	1,495	760	730	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	785	390	395	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	30	25	122,940	60,715	62,220	50	20	25	15	5	10
Albanian	0	0	0	625	330	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	140	65	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	5	14,005	6,710	7,295	30	15	15	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	215	110	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	135	70	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	5	13,790	6,605	7,190	30	15	15	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	380	180	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	410	190	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	85	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	3,015	1,450	1,560	10	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	5	10	0	6,450	3,065	3,385	20	5	10	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	2,020	980	1,035	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	370	180	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0	715	335	375	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	925	460	465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	405	190	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	980	470	515	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	3,010	1,440	1,570	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	1,705	825	880	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	1,630	785	845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	1,120	530	590	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	635	305	330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	455	210	245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	165	75	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	480	215	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	5	10	79,180	39,590	39,590	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	5	70,335	35,225	35,110	0	0	0	5	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	2,975	1,455	1,520	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gujarati	5	0	0	4,225	2,175	2,045	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5,510	2,770	2,740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	580	245	340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	575	285	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	1,590	815	775	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	40,675	20,425	20,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	170	90	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	555	270	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	12,930	6,420	6,510	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	355	175	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	8,825	4,360	4,475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	750	360	395	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,250	635	615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	5	5	6,765	3,325	3,435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	5	5	0	1,880	905	970	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	3,970	1,965	2,015	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	910	460	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	25,440	12,340	13,100	20	10	10	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	1,000	450	550	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	0	2,410	1,180	1,230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	2,175	1,085	1,085	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	5	5	19,825	9,605	10,215	15	10	10	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10	1,160	495	665	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	8,130	3,835	4,295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	305	135	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	2,170	1,030	1,140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	335	160	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	200	100	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	80	40	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	105	45	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	295	140	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	660	315	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	160	70	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	720	360	360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	340	190	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	260	115	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	450	260	190	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	355	205	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	5	47,945	22,570	25,375	15	5	10	10	5	10
Chinese languages	10	10	5	47,025	22,110	24,915	15	5	10	10	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0	90	35	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	23,970	11,440	12,530	5	5	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	465	185	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	21,815	10,130	11,685	5	5	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	500	225	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	915	460	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	160	75	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	165	80	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	485	250	235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	500	230	270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	205	100	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	275	125	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	1,185	600	580	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	120	55	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	935	480	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	1,205	575	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,135	540	590	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	115	65	45	75,555	36,865	38,685	15	10	5	15	10	10
English and French	10	10	0	2,955	1,435	1,520	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	105	60	45	69,995	34,230	35,770	15	10	10	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	260	115	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	710	320	385	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	1,630	760	875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	1,115	555	560	1,578,665	784,995	793,670	1,480	715	760	585	270	315
None	790	395	395	1,298,665	649,700	648,965	1,345	660	690	520	240	275
English	135	65	65	104,745	51,660	53,085	40	20	20	15	5	10
French	0	0	0	11,450	5,290	6,160	10	5	10	0	5	0
Non-official language	150	65	80	127,610	60,685	66,920	60	25	35	40	15	25
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	635	285	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	140	65	75	126,970	60,410	66,565	55	25	35	40	15	25
English and French	0	0	0	1,340	640	705	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	16,885	8,395	8,490	10	5	5	5	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	3,660	1,690	1,970	5	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	215	120	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	5	14,095	6,810	7,285	0	0	0	5	5	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	1,080	545	535	1,571,935	782,265	789,665	1,330	630	700	485	220	260
Official languages	1,060	530	525	1,537,720	768,345	769,380	1,325	630	695	485	220	260
English	1,060	530	525	1,536,650	767,865	768,785	1,325	630	695	485	220	260
French	80	30	50	103,915	47,090	56,830	90	50	45	45	20	25
Non-official languages	535	285	250	562,910	270,945	291,960	165	65	100	105	40	65
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	1,740	685	1,050	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	1,155	440	720	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	470	190	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	605	245	360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	605	245	360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	260	80	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	40	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	270	115	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	125	40	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	125	40	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	55	10	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	20	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	235	95	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	170	70	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	35	10	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	35	10	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	175	90	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	535	285	250	561,340	270,320	291,010	165	65	100	105	40	65
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	45	15	54,595	28,250	26,345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	300	185	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	185	100	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	80	60	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	30	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	365	225	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	360	220	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	85	35	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	4,720	2,480	2,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	2,115	1,125	990	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	2,430	1,265	1,170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	45	15	50,645	26,150	24,495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	8,465	4,170	4,295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	45	35	10	35,250	18,505	16,750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	850	490	360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	365	215	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	380	215	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	120	65	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	2,110	1,085	1,025	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	7,675	3,920	3,755	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	125	90	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	20,885	9,635	11,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	1,270	610	655	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	19,415	8,900	10,515	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	280	160	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	325	165	165	76,815	33,930	42,890	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	635	325	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,175	510	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	20	0	3,705	1,700	2,000	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	1,455	620	835	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	6,615	2,860	3,755	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,290	595	695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	250	105	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	85	50	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	1,200	520	675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	550	285	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	325	165	160	72,900	32,140	40,755	10	0	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	460	225	235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,975	875	1,100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	2,105	1,065	1,035	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	625	330	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	160	70	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	480	275	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	535	260	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10,600	5,455	5,140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	1,100	560	540	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	3,955	2,035	1,920	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	4,435	2,275	2,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	2,440	1,295	1,145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	220	120	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	115	60	55	286,570	140,880	145,685	100	35	65	55	20	30
Albanian	0	0	0	1,865	1,015	855	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	465	265	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	10	37,905	17,730	20,175	45	20	25	10	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	540	245	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	170	75	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	370	170	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	15	10	37,610	17,610	20,005	45	20	25	10	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	100	35	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	1,020	460	560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	2,215	1,125	1,090	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	335	160	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	9,380	4,430	4,950	25	10	10	0	0	0
Russian	20	15	0	15,410	7,245	8,165	15	0	10	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	6,725	3,165	3,560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	1,790	855	935	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	3,390	1,585	1,805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	3,095	1,465	1,630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	1,530	715	820	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	335	130	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	4,845	2,125	2,720	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	495	275	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	235	135	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	155	95	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	15	0	27,795	13,485	14,310	10	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	85	25	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	18,325	8,925	9,400	10	0	10	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	17,910	8,715	9,200	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	615	280	330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	120	75	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	8,180	4,120	4,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	2,455	1,270	1,190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5,235	2,625	2,610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	90	60	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	380	165	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	155	85	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	2,390	1,100	1,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	1,245	635	615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	60	15	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	470	185	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	715	315	395	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	2,370	1,185	1,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	0	25	143,590	72,720	70,870	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	0	15	128,685	65,260	63,425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	6,180	3,115	3,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	11,255	5,745	5,515	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	45,340	22,980	22,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	2,325	1,035	1,300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	460	215	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	2,295	1,185	1,110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	3,010	1,565	1,450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	105	45	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	85	40	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	68,525	34,920	33,610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	685	385	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	1,450	700	750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	0	10	31,710	16,195	15,515	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,400	750	650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	17,245	8,665	8,570	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,425	720	705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	2,985	1,510	1,475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	13,270	6,700	6,570	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	4,765	2,320	2,440	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	6,985	3,590	3,390	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,715	895	820	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	160	75	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	90	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	25	15	80,155	38,210	41,945	60	20	40	25	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	110	45	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	9,805	4,810	4,985	0	0	0	15	0	10
Portuguese	15	0	0	6,925	3,405	3,515	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	5,990	3,045	2,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	15	10	60,770	28,640	32,125	40	15	30	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	145	90	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5,255	2,315	2,945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	12,375	5,785	6,590	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	645	300	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	10	20	18,385	9,360	9,025	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	1,400	720	680	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	360	190	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	115	55	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	190	120	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	3,040	1,595	1,450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	300	140	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	405	190	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	270	150	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	175	90	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	165	90	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	670	325	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	3,435	1,805	1,630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	250	145	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	6,365	3,135	3,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	2,555	1,280	1,275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	1,895	965	935	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	860	455	405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	440	200	240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	610	315	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	190	90	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	2,210	785	1,430	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	1,875	645	1,230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	395	185	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	82,875	39,220	43,660	25	20	10	45	25	25
Chinese languages	0	0	0	81,080	38,330	42,750	25	20	10	45	25	25
Hakka	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	46,460	21,635	24,825	25	10	10	15	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	2,385	1,045	1,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	340	140	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	42,910	20,105	22,800	0	0	0	35	10	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	880	420	460	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	1,820	895	925	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	125	60	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	365	180	190	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	295	145	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	765	395	370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	70	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	40	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	1,900	780	1,120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	685	350	330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	1,355	505	850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	3,545	1,855	1,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	550	285	270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	170	75	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	2,625	1,470	1,155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	110	30	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	185	80	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	4,400	2,050	2,350	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	165	70	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	435	210	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	3,810	1,780	2,030	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	525	295	235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,080	550	530	1,571,935	782,265	789,665	1,330	630	695	485	225	260
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	65	35	30	53,700	25,250	28,450	45	25	25	10	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	65	35	30	51,520	24,220	27,300	45	25	25	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	55	30	25	22,470	10,235	12,230	20	15	10	0	0	0
Métis	15	0	10	28,475	13,685	14,790	25	10	15	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	575	290	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	1,130	525	610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	1,050	505	540	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,015	515	500	1,518,235	757,015	761,220	1,285	605	675	475	220	255
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,080	550	530	1,571,935	782,265	789,665	1,330	630	695	485	225	260
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	45	25	20	17,145	7,900	9,240	20	15	10	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,035	520	515	1,554,790	774,360	780,425	1,310	620	695	485	225	260
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	500	...	...	604,630	...	...	580	...	...	250	...	...
Owner	55	...	...	431,680	...	...	445	...	...	175	...	...
Renter	445	...	...	172,945	...	...	130	...	...	75	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	500	...	...	604,630	...	...	580	...	...	250	...	...
Condominium	135	...	...	138,505	...	...	120	...	...	65	...	...
Not condominium	365	...	...	466,125	...	...	455	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	500	...	...	604,630	...	...	580	...	...	250	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	3,180	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	185	...	...	63,480	...	...	50	...	...	20	...	...
2 bedrooms	200	...	...	132,670	...	...	105	...	...	105	...	...
3 bedrooms	80	...	...	208,570	...	...	200	...	...	70	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	30	...	...	196,735	...	...	220	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	500	...	...	604,630	...	...	580	...	...	250	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	365	...	...	168,320	...	...	95	...	...	70	...	...
5 rooms	55	...	...	92,700	...	...	90	...	...	35	...	...
6 rooms	35	...	...	85,005	...	...	90	...	...	40	...	...
7 rooms	15	...	...	74,790	...	...	90	...	...	35	...	...
8 or more rooms	30	...	...	183,815	...	...	210	...	...	75	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.0	...	...	6.3	...	...	6.8	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	500	...	...	604,630	...	...	580	...	...	250	...	...
One person or fewer per room	460	...	...	587,240	...	...	580	...	...	245	...	...
More than one person per room	40	...	...	17,390	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	500	...	...	604,630	...	...	580	...	...	250	...	...
Suitable	410	...	...	576,220	...	...	565	...	...	250	...	...
Not suitable	95	...	...	28,410	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	500	...	...	604,630	...	...	580	...	...	250	...	...
1960 or before	75	...	...	48,925	...	...	0	...	...	70	...	...
1961 to 1980	195	...	...	146,775	...	...	475	...	...	30	...	...
1981 to 1990	40	...	...	67,920	...	...	95	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	35	...	...	93,515	...	...	0	...	...	65	...	...
2001 to 2005	30	...	...	63,060	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	64,550	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	62,005	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	120	...	...	57,870	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	500	...	...	604,630	...	...	580	...	...	250	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	490	...	...	578,295	...	...	560	...	...	240	...	...
Major repairs needed	15	...	...	26,340	...	...	15	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	500	...	...	604,630	...	...	580	...	...	250	...	...
One-maintainer household	280	...	...	286,505	...	...	290	...	...	135	...	...
Two-maintainer household	190	...	...	282,890	...	...	265	...	...	105	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	30	...	...	35,230	...	...	20	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	500	...	...	604,630	...	...	580	...	...	250	...	...
15 to 24 years	55	...	...	15,275	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	120	...	...	95,360	...	...	80	...	...	40	...	...
35 to 44 years	145	...	...	132,875	...	...	95	...	...	55	...	...
45 to 54 years	70	...	...	121,200	...	...	100	...	...	20	...	...
55 to 64 years	55	...	...	114,325	...	...	145	...	...	60	...	...
65 to 74 years	35	...	...	78,705	...	...	120	...	...	40	...	...
75 to 84 years	20	...	...	34,680	...	...	30	...	...	20	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	12,200	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	490	...	...	599,605	...	...	575	...	...	255	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	325	...	...	466,085	...	...	490	...	...	200	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	165	...	...	133,520	...	...	85	...	...	50	...	...
30% to less than 100%	155	...	...	119,800	...	...	75	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	500	...	...	604,630	...	...	580	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	245	...	...	174,520	...	...	115	...	...	55	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	145	...	...	121,340	...	...	85	...	...	45	...	...
Not suitable only	75	...	...	22,225	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...	17,480	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	4,610	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	7,285	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	1,295	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	280	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	255	...	...	430,110	...	...	460	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	480	...	...	585,885	...	...	565	...	...	245	...	...
In core need	115	...	...	55,440	...	...	35	...	...	30	...	...
Not in core need	360	...	...	530,445	...	...	530	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	55	...	...	429,490	...	...	445	...	...	170	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	63.6	...	...	65.7	...	...	57.3	...	...	44.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	17.4	...	...	12.4	...	...	14.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	5.3	...	...	4.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,980	...	...	1,740	...	...	1,460	...	...	1,200	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,650	...	...	1,792	...	...	1,465	...	...	1,640	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	460,000	...	...	452,000	...	...	400,000	...	...	552,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	460,000	...	...	529,500	...	...	436,000	...	...	548,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	450	...	...	172,840	...	...	130	...	...	75	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	16.7	...	...	8.5	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	36.8	...	...	34.5	...	...	23.1	...	...	33.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	27.4	...	...	20.2	...	...	16.7	...	...	35.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,240	...	...	1,350	...	...	1,680	...	...	1,400	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,236	...	...	1,414	...	...	1,600	...	...	1,400	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,080	545	535	1,571,935	782,270	789,670	1,330	635	700	485	225	260
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	45	25	20	17,860	8,295	9,570	20	0	10	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	45	25	20	17,385	8,070	9,315	20	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	45	25	20	11,610	5,320	6,285	20	0	10	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	5,625	2,660	2,960	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	155	85	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	460	210	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	20	0	10	47,230	22,330	24,905	65	40	20	10	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	20	0	10	45,875	21,725	24,145	65	40	20	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	0	10	25,470	12,020	13,445	35	25	0	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	19,960	9,480	10,475	30	15	20	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	450	230	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	1,355	600	760	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	1,230	550	680	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	50	30	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,020	515	500	1,506,840	751,645	755,195	1,245	585	665	475	220	255
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,080	545	535	1,571,935	782,265	789,670	1,330	635	700	480	220	260
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	735	365	370	1,397,315	698,330	698,985	1,285	610	675	465	215	250
Canadian citizens aged under 18	150	105	45	325,765	167,940	157,820	220	95	120	75	25	45
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	590	260	330	1,071,555	530,390	541,165	1,065	515	555	390	185	205
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	345	180	160	174,615	83,940	90,680	40	20	25	20	10	15
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,080	545	535	1,571,935	782,265	789,670	1,330	635	700	480	220	260
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	570	285	280	1,069,940	539,680	530,260	1,110	530	590	375	185	190
Immigrants⁸¹	485	240	240	473,580	227,640	245,935	200	100	105	100	35	60
Before 1980	10	10	0	56,750	27,435	29,320	70	30	40	40	15	25
1980 to 1990	20	10	0	44,975	21,950	23,020	25	15	10	30	10	15
1991 to 2000	40	20	20	67,220	32,280	34,935	20	10	10	20	10	15
2001 to 2010	95	35	60	127,170	61,140	66,030	55	30	25	0	0	0
2011 to 2021⁸²	315	165	155	177,465	84,835	92,630	30	15	20	0	0	0
2011 to 2015	100	60	45	89,810	43,015	46,795	10	0	10	0	0	0
2016 to 2021	215	110	110	87,650	41,815	45,835	25	15	10	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	25	15	10	28,410	14,945	13,470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	480	240	240	473,580	227,640	245,935	200	100	100	100	40	65
Under 5 years	25	15	10	41,205	20,985	20,220	35	20	20	25	15	10
5 to 14 years	105	50	55	79,795	41,370	38,425	50	25	20	25	0	20
15 to 24 years	75	40	35	82,830	37,905	44,930	0	0	0	15	0	15
25 to 44 years	240	125	120	223,080	105,885	117,190	110	50	65	35	20	15
45 years and over	40	20	20	46,670	21,495	25,170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	480	240	240	473,580	227,640	245,935	200	100	100	100	40	65
Americas	25	15	15	50,280	23,315	26,970	20	10	10	10	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0	2,205	965	1,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	6,240	2,860	3,380	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	2,755	1,300	1,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	810	375	430	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	565	320	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	3,605	1,735	1,870	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	5,740	2,810	2,930	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	1,140	515	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	1,470	720	750	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	13,395	5,940	7,455	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	10	12,355	5,775	6,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	30	20	10	83,855	41,815	42,040	120	65	55	40	20	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	2,225	1,075	1,145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	1,510	705	800	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	1,455	735	720	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	6,175	2,815	3,355	15	10	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	955	505	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	1,780	865	915	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	3,430	1,805	1,625	0	0	0	10	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	3,730	1,920	1,805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	6,520	3,025	3,495	15	0	10	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	1,180	610	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	4,435	2,225	2,210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	4,540	1,930	2,610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	1,060	505	560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	3,355	1,510	1,845	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	27,675	14,575	13,095	70	35	35	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	13,840	7,005	6,835	15	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	75	50	25	55,355	27,975	27,385	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	650	320	330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	905	445	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	3,500	1,840	1,665	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	4,785	2,505	2,280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	7,180	3,485	3,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	950	485	460	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	13,365	6,835	6,530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	1,595	780	815	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	4,010	2,070	1,940	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	35	15	18,410	9,205	9,210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	360	165	190	279,930	132,545	147,390	50	20	25	40	20	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0	4,275	2,115	2,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	5,720	2,990	2,730	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	4,070	2,070	2,000	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	4,455	2,410	2,050	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	4,455	2,320	2,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	1,105	545	555	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	36,925	16,915	20,015	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	10,965	5,240	5,725	0	0	0	25	15	15
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	8,690	4,045	4,645	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	2,210	935	1,270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	310	145	170	71,315	31,605	39,715	15	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	16,350	7,325	9,030	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	3,630	1,845	1,785	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	61,580	30,730	30,850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	10	19,425	9,810	9,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	2,035	1,005	1,025	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	10	10	22,735	10,640	12,090	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	4,150	2,000	2,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	220	110	110	87,650	41,815	45,830	25	15	10	0	0	0
Americas	0	0	0	8,535	3,935	4,595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	915	390	525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	670	265	410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	110	60	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	555	260	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	1,470	760	715	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	2,490	1,160	1,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	915	400	515	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	1,415	645	770	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	7,510	3,815	3,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	245	115	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	280	130	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	495	320	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	290	175	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	690	245	445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	760	340	425	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	1,820	1,000	825	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	2,930	1,485	1,445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	25	10	15	15,820	7,845	7,980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	60	15	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	430	190	235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	160	85	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	615	300	310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	2,545	1,340	1,205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	1,855	885	965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	230	105	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	6,175	3,045	3,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	310	140	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	830	440	385	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	460	220	235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	95	65	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	1,965	970	1,000	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	185	90	95	55,100	25,850	29,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	865	415	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	640	315	325	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	5,625	2,440	3,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	315	120	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	14,870	7,455	7,420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	870	415	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	955	450	510	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	345	195	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	170	25	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	1,825	780	1,050	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	455	220	235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	550	280	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	2,395	1,145	1,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	165	75	90	17,470	7,940	9,535	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	270	160	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	185	100	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	3,135	1,645	1,490	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	405	175	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	370	205	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	980	320	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	2,240	955	1,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	690	375	310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	480	255	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	205	125	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	1,080	550	535	1,571,935	782,265	789,665	1,330	630	695	485	225	260
First generation¹⁰⁰	515	260	255	518,345	251,010	267,335	235	110	125	110	40	70
Second generation¹⁰¹	195	115	80	329,675	166,505	163,165	250	105	145	115	45	65
Third generation or more¹⁰²	370	175	195	723,920	364,750	359,170	840	415	430	260	135	125
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	470	230	240	416,830	200,210	216,615	130	70	60	55	20	35
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	320	135	185	235,880	118,150	117,730	110	60	50	30	10	20
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	105	45	65	95,815	58,035	37,780	45	20	30	0	0	0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	210	95	120	140,065	60,120	79,950	65	45	20	20	0	20
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	90	50	40	117,720	48,395	69,330	10	0	10	10	0	10
Refugees¹⁰⁸	65	45	20	58,995	31,595	27,395	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	4,230	2,070	2,165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	470	230	240	416,830	200,210	216,615	130	70	60	55	20	35
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	14,765	8,620	6,145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	115	45	70	53,180	23,440	29,750	20	10	10	0	0	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	0	10	10,665	5,460	5,205	10	10	0	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	0	0	23,590	12,265	11,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	1,565	670	895	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	325	175	150	313,060	149,760	163,300	100	50	50	45	15	30
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	1,080	550	530	1,571,935	782,265	789,665	1,330	630	695	485	225	260
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	580	310	270	575,650	282,735	292,910	105	40	65	90	45	55
South Asian	20	0	15	154,385	78,430	75,955	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	93,975	45,570	48,410	30	15	15	60	30	30
Black	90	55	30	76,470	38,665	37,800	20	0	10	0	0	0
Filipino	360	175	185	92,235	42,365	49,880	20	10	15	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	32,660	17,235	15,425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin American	10	0	0	35,155	16,925	18,235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	50	25	25	28,720	13,405	15,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	15,765	8,040	7,720	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	13,150	6,285	6,865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	6,455	2,780	3,675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	5,845	2,855	2,985	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	20,840	10,195	10,645	10	0	10	10	0	10
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	500	235	265	996,285	499,530	496,755	1,225	595	635	395	180	210
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	1,080	545	535	1,571,935	782,265	789,670	1,330	630	700	485	220	260
Canadian	160	75	85	168,075	87,325	80,750	215	120	95	60	50	15
English	80	35	50	276,300	136,835	139,465	380	180	200	100	40	65
Irish	65	30	35	202,260	98,040	104,225	285	130	155	50	25	20
Scottish	100	40	55	235,385	115,820	119,575	285	150	135	100	40	50
French, n.o.s.¹²²	65	30	35	104,160	50,935	53,225	130	75	55	45	30	15
German	50	20	30	197,770	97,860	99,910	205	75	135	85	20	65
Chinese	0	0	0	99,705	48,045	51,650	60	25	30	65	35	30
Italian	15	0	10	44,840	22,330	22,510	20	10	10	35	10	25
Indian (India)	0	0	0	77,900	39,545	38,355	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	55	25	25	89,615	43,675	45,940	105	50	55	65	15	45
Dutch	55	20	30	53,665	26,510	27,155	50	10	40	35	25	10
Polish	20	10	10	53,675	25,885	27,790	70	25	45	30	10	20
Québécois	0	0	0	1,965	990	970	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	53,825	27,135	26,690	60	30	30	0	0	0
Filipino	300	150	145	86,850	40,140	46,710	30	10	25	0	0	0
French Canadian	15	10	0	11,575	5,740	5,835	20	0	15	15	0	10
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	15	0	15	26,685	13,810	12,875	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	30	20	10	15,785	7,425	8,360	20	10	10	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	27,350	12,945	14,410	35	15	15	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	25	10	15	28,815	14,565	14,250	35	10	20	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	36,090	16,840	19,255	45	15	30	10	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	44,865	21,320	23,545	50	20	30	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	27,905	13,365	14,540	35	10	15	10	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	8,110	4,060	4,045	0	0	0	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	23,975	11,565	12,415	45	20	25	0	0	0
Spanish	25	15	10	19,620	9,075	10,545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	28,290	13,540	14,750	80	40	40	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	20,785	10,045	10,740	15	15	0	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	3,780	1,900	1,885	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	24,175	12,270	11,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	15,105	7,435	7,670	0	0	0	15	0	10
Jewish	0	0	0	7,450	3,730	3,715	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	20,085	10,145	9,940	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	22,750	10,685	12,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	11,200	5,995	5,205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	6,530	3,370	3,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	6,875	3,435	3,435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	60	25	30	15,680	7,485	8,200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	7,710	3,385	4,325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	13,215	6,260	6,955	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	12,805	6,050	6,760	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	12,885	6,725	6,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	6,415	3,295	3,120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	5,800	2,855	2,945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	19,915	9,935	9,980	20	15	0	10	10	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	10	0	10	5,325	2,530	2,795	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	16,100	8,300	7,800	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	13,225	6,465	6,765	15	10	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	7,255	3,475	3,780	15	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	1,120	570	555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	9,050	4,560	4,490	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	9,145	4,490	4,655	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	5,145	2,565	2,580	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	8,075	3,960	4,115	10	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	6,840	3,325	3,515	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	2,095	1,040	1,050	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	6,125	3,000	3,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	8,860	3,910	4,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	5,040	2,520	2,525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	1,845	905	945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	8,605	4,150	4,455	25	15	10	0	0	0
Muslim	15	10	0	6,465	3,345	3,120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	4,945	2,630	2,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	6,575	3,255	3,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	1,450	760	690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	7,935	4,120	3,825	15	0	10	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	6,755	3,225	3,535	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	975	470	505	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	7,875	3,870	4,010	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	4,405	2,245	2,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	1,350	665	680	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	6,890	3,395	3,495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	2,735	1,435	1,305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	3,345	1,585	1,760	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	1,440	725	715	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	2,060	1,090	965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	4,025	1,955	2,070	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	1,420	635	785	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	2,845	1,525	1,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	1,805	900	910	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	2,760	1,525	1,235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	725	370	355	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	3,675	1,870	1,800	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	665	335	330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	2,835	1,375	1,460	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	35	20	10	8,720	4,460	4,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	1,030	535	495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	4,430	2,200	2,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	3,085	1,440	1,645	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	2,855	1,485	1,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	2,255	960	1,295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	3,140	1,520	1,620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	2,660	1,315	1,345	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	1,090	590	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	20	10	10	3,945	1,855	2,090	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	2,805	1,480	1,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	1,435	720	710	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	555	245	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	975	430	540	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	2,420	1,080	1,345	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	3,795	1,905	1,890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	3,840	1,970	1,870	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	1,875	1,025	845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	3,325	1,765	1,560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	1,100	515	580	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	1,075	515	565	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	6,810	3,265	3,545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	3,210	1,515	1,690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	1,605	775	830	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5,565	2,825	2,740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	2,140	1,060	1,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	430	235	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	1,920	1,065	855	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	745	370	380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	490	235	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	1,820	900	915	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	2,440	1,165	1,275	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	535	215	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,790	925	860	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	5,425	2,745	2,680	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	1,095	565	530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	1,175	610	565	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	650	375	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	2,390	1,215	1,175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	1,390	670	720	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	7,585	3,815	3,775	20	0	20	20	10	10
Ghanaian	0	0	0	1,535	790	745	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	755	380	380	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	1,150	555	590	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	1,370	725	645	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	1,440	755	695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	890	425	465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	2,170	1,030	1,140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	3,180	1,520	1,670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	55	35	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	1,225	605	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	1,245	615	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	1,060	545	520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	1,380	655	730	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,820	865	955	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	1,165	575	590	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	2,705	1,255	1,450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	1,015	505	515	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	660	370	290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	420	220	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	150	100	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	1,250	625	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	1,175	565	610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,120	555	565	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	1,250	590	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	1,575	785	780	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	940	490	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	455	230	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	1,395	430	965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	2,340	1,200	1,135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	435	225	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	3,480	1,820	1,665	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	855	420	440	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	230	105	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	1,810	770	1,035	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	1,140	615	525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	315	145	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	1,375	705	670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	2,640	1,275	1,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	525	190	340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	1,260	615	650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	240	115	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	505	250	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	115	55	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	1,630	765	865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	1,070	515	555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	185	115	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	1,285	655	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	330	150	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	180	70	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	170	75	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	2,275	1,240	1,035	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	990	465	525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	485	210	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	1,140	565	570	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	235	105	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	475	240	240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	700	360	340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	225	120	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	280	150	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	250	100	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	680	380	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	165	80	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	575	265	310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	675	360	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	355	150	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	655	325	335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	160	75	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	160	85	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	525	220	310	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	230	100	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	140	100	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	670	350	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	130	45	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	865	440	420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	855	370	485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	375	195	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	405	210	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	795	415	385	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	775	345	430	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	600	285	310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	1,015	470	545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	125	50	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	165	100	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	370	175	190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	1,570	875	695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	845	440	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	595	295	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	70	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	450	265	190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	205	95	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	360	160	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	355	210	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	1,195	560	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	75	35	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	80	45	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	155	85	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	285	110	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	285	130	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	160	80	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	260	145	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	240	110	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	205	115	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	120	60	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	820	405	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	345	135	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	390	195	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	665	370	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	280	130	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	820	440	385	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	120	35	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	1,080	550	530	1,571,935	782,265	789,670	1,330	630	695	485	225	260
Buddhist	0	0	0	22,425	9,955	12,470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian	665	330	335	713,465	336,705	376,760	750	345	410	185	65	125
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	100	40	60	153,665	73,675	79,985	215	115	100	20	10	15
Anabaptist	0	0	0	2,730	1,325	1,405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	35,625	16,415	19,210	65	25	40	20	10	10
Baptist	0	0	0	14,480	6,660	7,815	25	0	15	0	0	0
Catholic	520	275	245	312,410	149,290	163,120	285	125	160	85	25	55
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	25,935	12,595	13,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	6,765	3,065	3,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	13,890	6,525	7,365	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	19,790	8,955	10,835	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	3,670	1,655	2,015	30	20	15	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	17,325	8,180	9,145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	15	0	15	10,200	4,585	5,615	10	0	0	10	0	10
Reformed	0	0	0	1,880	950	930	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	10	0	0	51,720	22,415	29,305	50	20	35	15	10	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	43,375	20,405	22,970	50	20	35	10	0	10
Hindu	0	0	0	35,335	18,180	17,155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	6,820	3,305	3,515	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	85	50	35	101,285	51,675	49,610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	56,230	28,325	27,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	1,515	550	960	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	11,305	4,775	6,530	0	0	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	305	155	145	623,560	328,795	294,765	565	280	285	285	155	125
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,075	540	535	1,555,360	773,705	781,660	1,320	625	690	475	225	255
Non-movers	640	350	290	1,345,810	669,430	676,380	1,150	555	600	420	195	225
Movers	440	195	245	209,550	104,275	105,275	165	70	95	60	30	30
Non-migrants	335	135	195	147,415	73,505	73,910	130	50	75	50	30	20
Migrants	105	55	50	62,135	30,765	31,365	35	15	15	10	0	10
Internal migrants	90	50	40	47,380	23,440	23,940	35	15	15	10	0	10
Intraprovincial migrants	30	15	15	28,075	13,860	14,215	10	0	0	10	0	10
Interprovincial migrants	65	35	30	19,305	9,580	9,725	25	10	15	0	0	0
External migrants	10	0	10	14,755	7,325	7,430	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	1,010	485	525	1,482,335	736,360	745,975	1,265	610	655	440	200	235
Non-movers	275	145	130	863,155	429,060	434,095	800	385	415	220	95	120
Movers	735	340	390	619,175	307,300	311,880	465	220	240	225	110	115
Non-migrants	415	175	240	363,260	181,560	181,700	380	185	195	160	80	80
Migrants	320	170	150	255,920	125,740	130,180	80	40	45	60	30	35
Internal migrants	150	95	60	177,420	87,415	90,005	65	30	30	55	25	30
Intraprovincial migrants	90	55	35	112,590	55,855	56,735	35	15	15	35	15	20
Interprovincial migrants	65	35	25	64,830	31,560	33,270	25	10	10	15	10	10
External migrants	170	75	90	78,500	38,320	40,180	25	10	15	0	0	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	915	430	485	1,278,375	631,155	647,215	1,145	565	575	410	200	210
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	160	80	75	182,850	95,955	86,895	135	80	55	15	10	10
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	755	345	410	1,095,525	535,200	560,320	1,010	485	520	390	190	200
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	625	295	335	886,650	437,700	448,950	755	355	405	305	165	140
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	65	40	25	79,025	43,715	35,310	40	25	15	0	0	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	560	255	305	807,620	393,985	413,640	720	335	385	305	165	140
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	915	430	485	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	1,145	570	580	405	195	210
No certificate, diploma or degree	150	85	65	163,710	84,360	79,350	125	70	55	0	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	265	140	125	339,400	169,445	169,950	365	165	205	120	65	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	495	205	290	775,265	377,350	397,915	655	335	325	275	125	150
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	275	115	165	348,595	174,345	174,250	340	180	165	100	35	65
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	70	45	25	84,805	63,760	21,050	110	60	50	10	10	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	40	25	15	29,285	16,610	12,680	40	10	30	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	30	25	10	55,525	47,150	8,375	70	55	15	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	160	50	110	221,065	92,585	128,480	195	105	100	70	15	60
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	15	30	42,725	18,000	24,720	35	20	15	15	10	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	225	95	130	426,670	203,005	223,660	315	150	165	175	90	90
Bachelor's degree	185	80	105	294,610	137,240	157,375	235	120	120	135	75	65
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	10	0	22,475	10,080	12,390	20	0	15	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	10,785	5,050	5,735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	30	10	20	86,005	42,875	43,130	50	20	25	35	15	25
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	12,795	7,765	5,030	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	630	295	335	886,650	437,700	448,950	760	355	400	305	165	135
No certificate, diploma or degree	55	35	20	66,625	36,450	30,175	35	20	15	0	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	155	85	70	197,715	102,665	95,045	230	100	125	75	45	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	415	170	250	622,315	298,585	323,730	495	230	260	230	120	110
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	225	90	130	266,590	133,640	132,950	245	130	115	70	30	40
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	50	35	15	63,270	48,090	15,175	75	45	25	10	10	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	20	10	20,715	12,025	8,685	20	0	15	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	25	15	10	42,560	36,060	6,495	50	45	10	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	135	45	90	170,270	71,565	98,700	145	70	75	50	15	35
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	15	20	33,050	13,985	19,070	30	15	10	15	10	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	195	75	115	355,720	164,940	190,775	250	100	150	160	85	75
Bachelor's degree	165	70	95	244,340	111,530	132,810	190	80	110	140	70	65
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	10	0	17,980	7,805	10,175	25	0	15	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	9,185	4,015	5,170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	20	0	20	74,335	35,965	38,370	40	15	25	20	10	10
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	9,880	5,625	4,255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	920	430	485	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	1,140	565	580	405	195	210
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	415	220	190	503,110	253,805	249,305	490	235	255	130	70	60
Education	20	0	20	46,605	10,200	36,405	60	10	50	15	0	15
13. Education	20	0	20	46,605	10,200	36,405	60	10	50	15	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	0	10	23,385	9,460	13,925	30	10	20	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	2,560	1,930	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	10	20,825	7,530	13,295	30	10	15	0	0	0
Humanities	15	15	0	34,000	12,365	21,635	40	15	25	0	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	3,675	735	2,940	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	7,415	1,915	5,495	15	0	15	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	11,560	4,095	7,460	20	10	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	525	185	340	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	2,325	1,255	1,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	3,860	2,195	1,665	10	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	3,810	1,820	1,990	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	830	165	665	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	55	25	30	83,860	28,790	55,065	80	40	35	20	10	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	1,155	220	930	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0	11,400	4,015	7,380	20	0	15	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	9,690	735	8,955	20	0	15	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	10	15,515	5,275	10,245	15	10	0	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	1,605	560	1,045	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	13,800	3,115	10,680	0	0	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	20	10	10	30,700	14,865	15,830	25	20	10	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	125	30	100	177,710	75,825	101,885	140	55	90	110	50	60
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	180	60	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	8,595	1,605	6,995	10	0	10	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	125	30	95	168,935	74,160	94,770	130	55	80	100	45	55
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	0	39,940	20,670	19,265	20	20	0	15	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	13,395	5,160	8,240	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	8,180	3,785	4,395	10	10	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	665	260	410	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	16,065	10,835	5,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	1,630	635	995	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	10	15	36,465	23,975	12,485	20	15	0	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	10	15	30,070	21,020	9,055	20	15	0	10	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	1,630	200	1,430	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	4,030	2,275	1,755	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	730	485	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	105	90	10	173,505	149,155	24,355	155	135	20	45	35	10
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	6,470	4,065	2,410	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	55	50	10	66,620	53,075	13,545	40	35	10	25	20	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	38,240	31,740	6,500	50	40	0	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	28,060	27,225	835	35	30	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	20	0	22,210	21,530	675	15	15	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	11,885	11,515	375	15	10	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	15,905	7,900	8,005	35	10	25	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	10,210	5,025	5,180	20	0	20	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	5,695	2,870	2,825	15	0	10	0	0	0
Health and related fields	90	20	70	111,080	22,865	88,215	55	20	40	45	15	25
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	9,155	4,305	4,845	15	15	0	15	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	90	20	70	98,680	16,900	81,780	45	0	40	30	0	20
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	3,060	1,580	1,485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	40	15	30	32,595	16,030	16,565	20	10	10	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	30	0	30	20,215	6,265	13,950	15	0	10	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	140	130	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	170	145	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	6,150	4,050	2,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0	5,925	5,440	480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	220	115	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	625	295	330	886,650	437,700	448,950	755	360	405	305	165	140
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	215	125	85	264,340	139,115	125,220	265	125	140	80	45	30
Education	25	0	25	33,450	6,965	26,475	50	10	40	15	0	15
13. Education	25	0	25	33,450	6,965	26,475	50	10	40	15	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	18,955	7,590	11,360	30	10	20	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	1,900	1,360	540	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	17,045	6,230	10,815	30	10	15	0	0	0
Humanities	15	15	0	26,945	9,460	17,490	40	15	25	0	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	3,000	580	2,425	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	6,035	1,555	4,480	10	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	9,440	3,220	6,225	20	10	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	390	130	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	1,865	985	875	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	2,680	1,520	1,160	10	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	2,930	1,365	1,565	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	595	105	490	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	25	20	69,810	23,220	46,590	55	30	25	20	10	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	975	200	775	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	10,005	3,400	6,605	20	0	15	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	7,720	535	7,185	0	0	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	10	12,925	4,080	8,840	10	0	0	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	1,335	455	885	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	11,190	2,390	8,800	0	0	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	15	10	0	25,655	12,155	13,505	20	15	0	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	110	25	90	145,930	61,450	84,480	105	35	70	95	50	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	130	45	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	6,965	1,215	5,750	10	0	10	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	110	25	85	138,835	60,195	78,640	95	35	65	90	45	45
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	30,605	14,930	15,680	10	10	0	15	10	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	10,695	3,995	6,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	6,400	2,855	3,545	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	555	215	340	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	11,875	7,435	4,435	0	0	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	1,085	425	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	0	10	31,330	20,720	10,615	20	10	0	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	0	10	26,680	18,555	8,125	20	10	0	10	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	1,040	135	900	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	3,015	1,650	1,365	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	600	380	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	85	80	10	138,260	116,630	21,630	110	90	20	40	30	10
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	5,185	3,050	2,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	50	45	10	55,310	43,055	12,260	25	15	10	25	20	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	15	0	0	30,335	24,710	5,630	35	30	0	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	21,755	21,035	720	25	25	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	16,875	16,295	580	10	10	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	8,785	8,485	305	10	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	12,720	5,985	6,735	25	0	20	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	7,810	3,590	4,220	10	0	10	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	4,910	2,395	2,515	15	0	10	0	0	0
Health and related fields	80	15	65	88,715	18,735	69,980	40	15	30	35	10	20
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	7,355	3,465	3,885	15	15	0	15	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	80	15	65	78,745	14,010	64,730	30	0	30	15	0	15
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	145	60	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	2,480	1,195	1,280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	35	10	25	25,425	12,820	12,610	10	0	10	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	25	0	25	15,385	4,880	10,500	10	0	10	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	100	90	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	85	80	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	5,140	3,420	1,725	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	4,710	4,340	370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	170	75	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	625	295	330	886,650	437,700	448,950	755	360	405	305	165	140
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	215	125	85	264,340	139,115	125,220	265	125	140	80	45	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	415	165	250	622,310	298,585	323,730	495	235	265	230	115	110
Location of study inside Canada	215	85	135	455,590	220,680	234,910	435	220	225	210	110	100
Same as province or territory of residence	175	65	110	328,175	157,540	170,630	320	165	150	170	85	80
Different than province or territory of residence	45	15	25	127,410	63,135	64,275	120	50	65	40	20	20
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	200	90	110	166,725	77,905	88,820	55	15	40	20	10	0
Americas	25	10	15	28,670	14,305	14,360	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	17,465	9,425	8,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	2,410	1,065	1,345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	250	145	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	80	45	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	470	215	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	1,670	690	980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	2,125	915	1,210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	400	155	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	1,850	780	1,070	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	1,945	870	1,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	29,575	15,435	14,145	15	0	10	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	220	130	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	1,225	630	595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	1,235	645	590	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	795	430	370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	415	220	190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	380	180	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	630	295	335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	1,485	575	905	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	1,870	1,020	855	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	2,235	955	1,280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	1,605	745	865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	930	570	355	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	11,725	6,495	5,220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	345	185	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	350	210	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	375	180	190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	3,760	1,955	1,805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	35	20	15	13,270	6,695	6,570	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	10	4,965	2,375	2,590	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	340	170	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	420	220	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	1,670	860	810	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	1,690	855	840	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	0	0	3,985	2,105	1,880	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	145	60	85	91,990	39,695	52,295	30	10	15	10	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	2,155	1,010	1,145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	920	450	465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	425	230	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	640	300	335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	735	380	355	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	390	235	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	11,260	5,010	6,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	585	145	440	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	805	315	495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	1,045	275	770	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	3,925	1,615	2,305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	145	60	85	30,585	12,115	18,470	10	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	855	335	520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	1,405	540	870	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	485	250	235	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	25,005	11,780	13,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	6,330	2,815	3,520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	4,435	1,895	2,540	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	3,225	1,775	1,450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	2,545	1,385	1,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	555	315	240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	915	430	485	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	1,145	570	580	405	195	210
In the labour force	615	295	320	882,705	463,170	419,540	750	380	365	290	165	125
Employed	535	250	280	776,015	408,675	367,335	675	350	325	270	150	120
Unemployed	80	45	35	106,695	54,490	52,205	80	35	40	20	15	10
Not in the labour force	305	135	170	395,665	167,985	227,680	395	180	215	115	30	85
Participation rate	67.2	68.6	66.0	69.0	73.4	64.8	65.5	66.7	62.9	71.6	84.6	59.5
Employment rate	58.5	58.1	57.7	60.7	64.8	56.8	59.0	61.4	56.0	66.7	76.9	57.1
Unemployment rate	13.0	15.3	10.9	12.1	11.8	12.4	10.7	9.2	11.0	6.9	9.1	8.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	920	430	485	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	1,140	565	580	405	195	210
Did not work¹⁸⁶	340	140	200	422,665	183,645	239,020	420	205	215	115	25	90
Worked	570	290	285	855,710	447,510	408,200	725	360	360	290	170	120
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	270	150	120	450,195	257,535	192,655	415	215	200	160	100	65
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	305	140	165	405,520	189,970	215,550	310	145	165	125	70	60
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.6	41.0	40.2	40.7	41.5	39.8	42.4	43.1	41.6	43.2	42.8	43.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	615	300	320	882,710	463,165	419,540	750	385	365	290	160	125
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	0	15	29,010	14,020	14,995	20	15	0	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	600	290	305	853,695	449,150	404,550	730	370	360	285	160	120
Employee	570	275	290	715,140	365,090	350,050	615	295	320	205	120	85
Permanent position	455	235	220	600,125	311,480	288,645	520	255	260	180	115	65
Temporary position	110	40	70	115,020	53,615	61,405	95	45	55	30	10	20
Fixed term (1 year or more)	45	15	30	37,760	16,790	20,970	20	10	15	20	0	15
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	65	25	40	77,260	36,820	40,435	75	35	40	10	10	0
Self-employed¹⁹²	30	15	15	138,550	84,060	54,500	115	75	40	80	45	40
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	615	300	320	882,710	463,165	419,540	750	385	365	290	160	125
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	0	15	29,010	14,020	14,995	20	15	0	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	600	290	305	853,695	449,150	404,550	730	370	360	285	160	120
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	11,440	8,585	2,850	15	10	0	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	75	20	55	161,170	53,245	107,930	150	20	130	75	25	50
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	25	20	0	94,565	72,340	22,225	115	75	40	45	35	10
3 Health occupations	40	0	40	69,305	13,810	55,490	25	0	25	20	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	60	20	40	92,850	30,655	62,195	85	20	60	40	15	20
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	15	10	0	24,120	10,450	13,675	30	20	15	20	15	10
6 Sales and service occupations	250	90	155	209,115	94,840	114,280	145	75	70	50	35	20
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	85	85	0	147,375	132,085	15,290	140	130	15	25	25	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	18,195	14,065	4,130	20	15	10	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	40	30	10	25,565	19,070	6,490	10	0	0	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	615	300	320	882,710	463,165	419,540	750	385	365	290	160	125
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	0	15	29,010	14,020	14,995	20	15	0	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	600	290	305	853,695	449,150	404,550	730	370	360	285	160	120
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	8,270	5,105	3,165	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	0	10	39,750	26,465	13,290	40	20	25	25	15	10
22 Utilities	0	0	0	10,285	6,785	3,500	10	0	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	45	35	15	75,665	63,720	11,945	85	85	0	10	10	0
31-33 Manufacturing	40	40	0	41,545	30,255	11,295	45	25	20	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	27,195	18,765	8,430	20	15	0	15	15	0
44-45 Retail trade	90	30	60	96,885	46,555	50,330	95	45	50	15	0	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	30	30	0	56,135	40,670	15,470	10	0	0	20	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	14,840	8,750	6,090	25	10	20	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	10	0	10	30,760	13,930	16,825	10	10	0	10	10	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	16,935	9,445	7,485	15	10	0	15	15	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	55	30	30	96,185	55,190	40,995	100	55	40	60	30	30
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	2,660	1,210	1,450	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	35	15	20	37,790	21,285	16,510	25	15	15	10	10	0
61 Educational services	25	10	15	55,510	16,805	38,700	90	20	75	15	0	15
62 Health care and social assistance	80	15	70	107,190	20,475	86,720	65	15	50	35	15	25
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	0	17,830	8,980	8,850	25	20	0	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	85	45	40	49,900	22,440	27,460	25	10	15	15	10	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	40	25	20	37,065	16,090	20,975	25	15	15	25	10	10
91 Public administration	10	0	10	31,305	16,235	15,075	10	0	10	10	10	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	670	335	335	926,320	483,455	442,860	800	400	405	290	170	120
English	625	305	315	878,705	460,305	418,400	795	400	400	270	160	110
French	0	0	0	1,250	340	915	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	10	10	0	6,970	3,525	3,440	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	10	0	6,955	3,525	3,430	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	20	10	0	7,700	3,085	4,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	30,355	15,535	14,825	0	0	0	15	0	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	740	340	405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	575	325	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	670	335	335	926,320	483,455	442,860	800	400	405	290	170	120
Single responses	655	330	325	919,325	479,835	439,490	800	400	405	290	170	120
Official languages	645	320	325	906,220	473,040	433,180	800	400	405	290	165	120
English	645	320	325	903,745	472,395	431,350	800	400	405	290	165	120
French	0	0	0	2,475	650	1,835	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	10	10	0	13,105	6,795	6,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	10	0	13,090	6,795	6,300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	470	250	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	335	170	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	840	330	510	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	820	320	505	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	555	290	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	495	260	240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	5,395	2,930	2,465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	455	185	270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	455	185	270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	145	55	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	180	80	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	25	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	3,355	2,015	1,345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	3,220	1,960	1,260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	75	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	130	80	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	2,745	1,740	1,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	225	95	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	135	50	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	125	50	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	90	35	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,425	650	780	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	85	55	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	60	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	1,255	540	715	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	105	25	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	810	445	365	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	4,665	2,410	2,255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	4,645	2,395	2,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,960	995	965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	2,650	1,375	1,270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	40	0	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	10	7,000	3,625	3,375	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	1,000	445	555	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	5,765	3,065	2,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	130	65	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	670	335	335	926,320	483,455	442,860	800	400	405	290	170	120
None	645	320	330	893,045	467,350	425,695	800	400	405	270	160	110
English	0	0	0	6,235	2,990	3,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	20	10	0	5,615	2,385	3,230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	15	10	0	17,585	8,825	8,760	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	0	17,465	8,780	8,690	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	660	330	335	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	2,665	1,335	1,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	540	250	285	776,010	408,680	367,335	670	350	325	270	150	120
Worked at home	60	20	35	215,520	105,290	110,230	170	80	90	120	65	55
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	2,820	2,095	725	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	65	30	25	113,260	83,885	29,375	95	85	10	40	20	20
Usual place of work	415	195	225	444,410	217,405	227,005	405	180	230	110	60	50
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	415	195	220	444,410	217,405	227,005	405	180	225	110	60	45
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	395	185	205	361,065	170,000	191,065	360	155	210	100	60	45
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	20	10	10	69,230	37,715	31,505	30	20	10	10	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	10,095	7,060	3,035	0	0	0	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	4,020	2,625	1,395	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	475	230	245	557,670	301,290	256,380	500	265	235	150	85	65
Car, truck or van	320	180	145	473,465	261,055	212,410	455	245	210	120	70	55
Car, truck or van - as a driver	285	160	125	441,645	249,990	191,655	415	220	195	110	60	50
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	35	15	15	31,820	11,060	20,755	40	25	15	15	10	0
Public transit	100	40	65	40,930	17,775	23,165	15	0	10	10	0	0
Walked	30	10	20	22,670	10,345	12,325	20	15	10	0	0	0
Bicycle	0	0	0	4,355	3,240	1,115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	15	0	15	16,245	8,875	7,365	10	0	10	15	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	475	230	245	557,670	301,290	256,380	500	265	235	150	85	65
Less than 15 minutes	150	65	85	128,460	58,155	70,310	65	0	55	35	30	10
15 to 29 minutes	200	115	85	242,460	130,855	111,610	260	150	115	95	55	45
30 to 44 minutes	60	30	35	125,765	75,100	50,660	150	90	55	15	0	15
45 to 59 minutes	20	15	0	31,050	18,505	12,545	15	10	10	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	45	15	35	29,930	18,665	11,265	10	10	0	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	475	230	245	557,670	301,290	256,380	500	265	235	150	85	65
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	20	15	0	37,665	27,280	10,390	20	10	10	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	85	45	35	100,900	63,500	37,400	110	80	25	0	0	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	110	55	55	143,455	75,755	67,700	175	85	95	50	20	30
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	55	35	25	105,095	50,620	54,475	115	50	60	30	20	10
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	90	20	70	79,595	35,415	44,180	50	30	25	40	25	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	115	55	60	90,950	48,715	42,230	30	10	20	20	10	10
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	235	135	100	356,225	183,250	172,980	260	140	125	100	45	55
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	25	15	15	25,335	12,890	12,445	30	20	10	10	0	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	210	120	90	330,890	170,360	160,535	235	120	115	95	45	50
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	155	85	75	259,535	133,590	125,945	190	100	90	55	20	35
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	5	10	18,890	9,625	9,270	25	20	5	10	5	5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	5	9,575	4,670	4,910	15	5	5	5	0	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	0	10	9,315	4,955	4,360	10	10	0	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	135	75	60	240,640	123,965	116,675	170	85	80	45	15	30

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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