Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48061314More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48061141More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062559More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	553	...	...	984	...	...	14,189	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	217	...	...	351	...	...	5,860	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	215	...	...	336	...	...	5,333	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	971.5	...	...	4,489.1	...	...	708.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.57	...	...	0.22	...	...	20.02	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	555	275	275	985	485	495	14,190	6,955	7,230
0 to 14 years	85	40	45	180	95	85	3,565	1,865	1,700
0 to 4 years	20	10	10	45	25	20	1,410	735	675
5 to 9 years	35	15	20	70	45	30	1,295	690	600
10 to 14 years	30	20	10	65	30	35	865	440	425
15 to 64 years	330	160	165	685	345	340	9,305	4,525	4,780
15 to 19 years	30	15	15	55	25	30	545	270	280
20 to 24 years	30	20	10	65	35	30	650	305	345
25 to 29 years	15	10	5	65	35	25	1,065	455	615
30 to 34 years	20	5	10	55	25	30	1,600	735	865
35 to 39 years	40	15	20	80	35	45	1,765	890	875
40 to 44 years	35	15	20	95	50	45	1,365	720	640
45 to 49 years	30	15	10	75	40	35	875	480	395
50 to 54 years	35	15	20	70	35	30	525	265	265
55 to 59 years	55	25	30	70	30	40	465	215	245
60 to 64 years	55	35	25	55	25	30	445	195	250
65 years and over	140	75	65	115	45	65	1,315	565	750
65 to 69 years	35	15	15	60	25	35	405	155	250
70 to 74 years	45	20	25	25	15	10	345	150	190
75 to 79 years	30	15	15	10	5	5	235	110	130
80 to 84 years	15	15	5	15	10	10	155	70	85
85 years and over	5	5	0	0	0	5	180	80	100
85 to 89 years	5	5	0	0	0	0	115	45	70
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	20
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.3	14.5	16.4	18.3	19.6	17.2	25.1	26.8	23.5
15 to 64 years	59.5	58.2	60.0	69.5	71.1	68.7	65.6	65.1	66.1
65 years and over	25.2	27.3	23.6	11.7	9.3	13.1	9.3	8.1	10.4
85 years and over	0.9	1.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0	1.3	1.2	1.4
Average age of the population	46.0	46.8	45.2	38.2	37.0	39.4	33.5	32.8	34.3
Median age of the population	50.4	50.4	50.4	39.6	39.2	40.0	34.0	34.0	34.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	215	...	...	340	...	...	5,330	...	...
Single-detached house	200	...	...	270	...	...	2,495	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	460	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	455	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	65	...	...	90	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	20	...	...	0	...	...	1,710	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	125	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	215	...	...	335	...	...	5,335	...	...
1 person	40	...	...	55	...	...	1,305	...	...
2 persons	90	...	...	100	...	...	1,620	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	75	...	...	900	...	...
4 persons	35	...	...	55	...	...	990	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	50	...	...	520	...	...
Number of persons in private households	555	275	275	985	485	495	14,045	6,895	7,155
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	470	235	230	800	390	410	10,625	5,095	5,530
Married or living common-law	315	160	160	440	220	220	7,345	3,675	3,665
Married	285	145	145	370	185	185	6,175	3,085	3,090
Living common-law	25	10	10	70	35	30	1,170	595	580
Living common law - Never married	20	10	10	50	20	25	975	485	490
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	5	5	0	35	15	15
Living common law - Divorced	5	0	5	10	5	5	155	90	65
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	5
Not married and not living common-law	155	80	75	365	175	190	3,275	1,420	1,860
Not married and not living common law - Never married	100	50	45	250	140	110	2,150	1,060	1,095
Not married and not living common law - Separated	5	5	0	25	10	20	235	95	140
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	30	15	15	45	15	35	520	185	340
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	25	10	15	40	5	30	365	75	290
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	170	...	...	270	...	...	3,960	...	...
2 persons	90	...	...	110	...	...	1,655	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	75	...	...	930	...	...
4 persons	35	...	...	55	...	...	995	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	30	...	...	385	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	175	...	...	275	...	...	3,960	...	...
Total couple families	155	...	...	210	...	...	3,590	...	...
Married couples	145	...	...	175	...	...	3,005	...	...
With children⁶	75	...	...	125	...	...	1,980	...	...
Without children	70	...	...	55	...	...	1,020	...	...
Common-law couples	10	...	...	35	...	...	585	...	...
With children⁶	5	...	...	15	...	...	180	...	...
Without children	10	...	...	15	...	...	400	...	...
Total one-parent families	15	...	...	60	...	...	370	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	10	...	...	50	...	...	290	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	0	...	...	10	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	555	275	275	985	490	495	14,045	6,895	7,155
Total - Persons in census families	490	240	250	835	420	410	12,095	6,045	6,050
Married spouses or common-law partners	310	155	155	425	215	210	7,180	3,595	3,580
Parents in one-parent families	15	5	15	60	10	50	375	80	290
Children⁶	160	85	80	350	200	150	4,545	2,365	2,180
In a two-parent family	140	75	65	265	145	120	3,980	2,070	1,910
In a one-parent family	20	5	15	85	50	30	565	295	270
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	60	35	30	150	65	85	1,950	855	1,100
Living alone	35	25	15	55	20	40	1,305	545	755
Living with other relatives⁷	10	0	5	45	20	25	270	110	160
Living with non-relatives only	15	10	10	50	30	20	375	195	180
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	215	...	...	335	...	...	5,335	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	165	...	...	210	...	...	3,515	...	...
Couple-family households	150	...	...	170	...	...	3,200	...	...
With children⁶	70	...	...	105	...	...	1,925	...	...
Without children	80	...	...	60	...	...	1,275	...	...
One-parent-family households	15	...	...	40	...	...	305	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...	15	...	...	175	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	10	...	...	25	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	20	...	...	130	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	5	...	...	25	...	...	180	...	...
One-person households	40	...	...	55	...	...	1,305	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	465	235	235	805	395	410	10,480	5,025	5,455
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	455	230	225	745	365	385	10,065	4,840	5,225
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,000	62,800	48,000	38,800	42,000	36,400	57,600	73,500	47,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	455	230	225	745	365	385	10,065	4,840	5,225
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,400	54,400	42,800	34,800	37,200	33,600	50,000	60,800	42,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	430	225	205	635	320	320	9,490	4,640	4,850
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	52,800	40,000	33,200	39,600	27,000	55,600	72,500	42,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	315	165	150	555	280	270	8,345	4,165	4,180
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,800	64,500	51,200	35,600	43,200	29,200	56,800	72,500	44,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	380	185	195	675	325	355	8,685	4,025	4,660
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,400	9,600	9,100	10,700	8,000	13,100	4,960	1,490	7,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	30	15	15	105	50	65	1,245	460	780
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,320	x	x	5,480	4,840	5,480	6,080	5,480	6,320
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	90	45	45	300	145	160	2,840	1,235	1,605
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,200	10,000	8,000	10,000	8,000	10,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	505	250	255	705	340	365	10,525	5,055	5,470
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	480	245	240	665	330	340	10,080	4,885	5,195
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	85,600	111,000	60,400	46,400	51,000	42,000	75,100	92,900	58,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	480	245	240	665	330	340	10,080	4,885	5,195
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	66,800	82,000	51,200	40,600	43,600	37,800	60,900	73,400	49,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	465	240	225	595	305	290	9,465	4,650	4,820
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	80,800	105,000	55,200	40,800	48,000	33,200	72,000	91,600	53,150
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	340	175	165	530	275	255	8,390	4,195	4,195
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	90,800	118,000	61,200	42,400	50,400	33,600	68,800	84,500	53,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	410	200	210	585	275	310	8,705	4,045	4,660
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,080	8,900	9,300	11,440	7,950	14,600	8,590	6,920	10,050
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	30	15	15	95	40	55	1,345	520	825
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	7,000	10,000	6,000	4,800	7,000	7,840	5,600	9,240
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	80	40	45	200	95	105	2,905	1,370	1,535
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,800	7,600	7,800	9,900	8,600	11,000	8,940	8,750	9,120
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	505	250	250	705	340	365	10,525	5,055	5,470
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	200	110	90	260	155	105	4,650	2,635	2,015
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	96,000	107,000	90,000	58,400	63,200	58,000	82,000	91,000	70,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	132,000	168,000	86,000	61,200	63,000	58,000	94,200	107,300	77,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	110	50	60	175	80	95	2,930	1,170	1,750
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,800	17,200	12,600	13,100	18,600	9,900	24,800	30,600	22,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,000	39,000	37,000	21,600	24,400	19,600	39,280	50,200	32,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	91.0	94.0	86.0	78.5	86.0	68.0	90.2	93.8	84.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	75.0	78.0	69.0	73.0	84.0	61.0	76.2	78.2	73.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	9.0	6.7	13.4	21.6	13.2	31.6	9.9	6.2	15.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	0.4	1.0	1.9	1.0	2.8	1.4	0.6	2.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	1.8	1.2	3.0	7.5	5.6	9.6	3.8	2.8	5.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	1.5	1.0	2.4	6.4	5.0	8.0	3.4	2.7	4.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	470	235	230	800	390	410	10,485	5,030	5,455
Without total income	15	5	5	55	30	25	420	190	225
With total income	455	230	225	750	365	380	10,060	4,835	5,230
Under $10,000 (including loss)	40	15	30	55	25	35	725	250	470
$10,000 to $19,999	35	10	25	75	40	40	670	240	435
$20,000 to $29,999	50	25	25	135	55	80	1,035	360	675
$30,000 to $39,999	40	15	20	130	60	75	930	325	600
$40,000 to $49,999	40	20	20	105	40	60	960	390	575
$50,000 to $59,999	35	20	20	70	35	35	910	370	535
$60,000 to $69,999	45	15	25	60	30	25	765	345	415
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	15	50	30	15	690	360	335
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	5	30	20	10	620	325	290
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	15	10	5	500	275	225
$100,000 and over	110	75	40	20	20	5	2,260	1,580	675
$100,000 to $149,999	65	40	25	20	15	0	1,405	905	500
$150,000 and over	50	40	15	5	5	0	850	680	175
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	470	235	230	800	390	410	10,485	5,030	5,455
Without after-tax income	15	5	5	55	30	25	420	190	225
With after-tax income	455	230	225	750	365	380	10,060	4,835	5,230
Under $10,000 (including loss)	45	10	30	55	25	35	760	260	505
$10,000 to $19,999	35	10	20	80	40	40	695	260	435
$20,000 to $29,999	60	30	30	155	65	85	1,185	405	780
$30,000 to $39,999	45	20	20	155	70	85	1,160	440	720
$40,000 to $49,999	55	30	25	105	45	60	1,230	515	715
$50,000 to $59,999	55	25	25	90	50	40	1,030	485	550
$60,000 to $69,999	35	15	15	55	35	25	925	475	445
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	25	20	5	730	385	345
$80,000 to $89,999	20	15	10	15	10	5	590	335	260
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	10	0	0	0	495	315	175
$100,000 and over	75	55	20	10	5	0	1,255	955	300
$100,000 to $124,999	30	20	10	0	0	0	560	395	170
$125,000 and over	45	30	10	5	0	0	695	565	135
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	470	235	230	800	390	410	10,485	5,030	5,455
Without employment income	150	70	80	245	110	140	2,140	865	1,275
With employment income	315	170	145	550	280	275	8,345	4,160	4,180
Under $5,000 (including loss)	45	25	20	60	20	40	800	330	465
$5,000 to $9,999	30	10	15	50	20	30	435	145	290
$10,000 to $19,999	25	15	15	55	30	30	730	265	470
$20,000 to $29,999	15	10	5	65	30	35	565	195	365
$30,000 to $39,999	20	10	10	75	35	40	555	225	330
$40,000 to $49,999	15	5	5	55	25	35	650	270	380
$50,000 to $59,999	20	5	10	45	30	15	655	285	365
$60,000 to $69,999	20	5	10	40	25	15	600	295	310
$70,000 to $79,999	10	5	5	50	30	20	530	295	240
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	10	20	10	5	495	265	235
$90,000 to $99,999	15	5	10	20	10	5	430	230	195
$100,000 and over	90	55	30	20	15	0	1,900	1,365	535
$100,000 to $124,999	25	10	15	10	10	0	825	530	295
$125,000 and over	65	50	15	5	5	0	1,075	835	235
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	465	235	235	805	395	410	10,480	5,025	5,455
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	450	225	225	740	360	375	9,840	4,715	5,125
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,800	66,000	44,000	37,200	42,800	33,200	58,000	75,000	46,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	450	225	225	740	360	375	9,840	4,715	5,125
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,600	56,800	39,600	34,000	37,600	31,200	50,000	62,000	41,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	430	220	210	640	325	320	9,345	4,575	4,765
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,200	60,400	39,200	35,600	42,400	31,200	57,200	75,000	44,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	315	165	150	580	300	285	8,265	4,145	4,120
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,800	71,000	54,800	38,800	43,600	32,800	58,400	74,500	46,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	370	175	190	660	310	350	8,225	3,840	4,395
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,120	1,360	3,720	2,220	1,040	5,040	1,010	890	2,340
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	20	10	10	60	20	35	855	295	555
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,300	x	x	6,120	9,000	4,760	7,500	4,520	9,700
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	505	250	255	705	340	365	10,525	5,055	5,470
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	480	230	245	660	320	340	9,900	4,760	5,140
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	82,000	109,000	56,800	46,100	50,800	41,400	76,600	97,700	57,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	480	230	245	660	320	340	9,900	4,760	5,140
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	64,800	83,000	47,600	39,900	43,600	36,200	61,250	75,900	47,680
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	470	230	230	585	310	280	9,325	4,580	4,750
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	78,000	103,000	52,800	43,800	48,800	38,000	76,800	98,600	55,700
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	345	170	175	545	290	245	8,300	4,175	4,125
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	86,000	115,000	58,000	43,000	49,600	35,600	72,200	88,100	56,100
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	400	195	210	605	285	320	8,305	3,840	4,455
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,920	6,450	7,400	7,760	4,680	10,520	5,044	3,484	6,390
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15	0	15	60	25	35	835	275	560
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,000	...	10,000	10,800	10,000	11,000	9,940	7,050	11,360
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	505	250	250	705	340	365	10,525	5,055	5,470
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	190	105	90	260	155	100	4,620	2,640	1,980
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	92,000	112,000	89,000	54,800	53,600	54,800	81,000	91,000	67,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	127,000	168,000	82,000	56,800	58,000	55,000	90,900	104,300	73,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	110	50	65	160	80	80	2,740	1,105	1,635
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,800	23,600	23,800	29,000	34,000	22,600	39,600	49,200	34,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	44,000	46,000	44,000	32,800	39,000	26,000	51,160	66,200	41,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	93.0	96.0	88.0	84.0	92.0	76.0	94.4	97.2	90.2
Employment income (%)	76.0	77.0	74.0	77.0	88.0	64.0	79.0	79.0	79.0
Government transfers (%)	7.1	5.0	11.0	15.5	8.2	24.2	5.5	2.9	9.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.4	...	1.0	2.2	1.4	2.8	1.1	0.4	2.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	215	...	...	335	...	...	5,335	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	75,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	40	...	...	55	...	...	1,305	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	42,800	...	...	60,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	39,600	...	...	51,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	180	...	...	280	...	...	4,030	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	149,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	139,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	86,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	220	...	...	315	...	...	5,330	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	186,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	142,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...	85,000	...	...	115,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	65	...	...	1,280	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	60,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	50,000	...	...	72,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	195	...	...	250	...	...	4,055	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	200,000	...	...	107,000	...	...	159,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	155,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	128,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	215	...	...	335	...	...	5,335	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0	...	...	55	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	40	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	80	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	100	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	95	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...	20	...	...	120	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	0	...	...	15	...	...	115	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	140	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5	...	...	30	...	...	280	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	270	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	30	...	...	305	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	25	...	...	290	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	20	...	...	275	...	...
$100,000 and over	145	...	...	140	...	...	3,140	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	45	...	...	680	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	30	...	...	565	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	35	...	...	40	...	...	885	...	...
$200,000 and over	60	...	...	20	...	...	1,015	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	215	...	...	335	...	...	5,335	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0	...	...	55	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	40	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	90	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	105	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	15	...	...	115	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...	15	...	...	130	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	20	...	...	175	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	20	...	...	170	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	25	...	...	330	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	35	...	...	365	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	25	...	...	360	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	30	...	...	355	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	350	...	...
$100,000 and over	125	...	...	110	...	...	2,635	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	45	...	...	775	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	35	...	...	665	...	...
$150,000 and over	70	...	...	35	...	...	1,200	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	170	...	...	270	...	...	3,890	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	146,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.3	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	80	...	...	60	...	...	1,300	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	79,000	...	...	122,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	70,500	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	75	...	...	140	...	...	2,160	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	202,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	162,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	160,000	...	...	104,000	...	...	134,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	4.2	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	15	...	...	50	...	...	350	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	59,200	...	...	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	54,000	...	...	71,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	55	30	25	110	50	55	1,685	745	940
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	58,400	65,500	46,800	38,000	42,400	36,000	56,400	63,200	51,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,400	52,800	43,200	34,000	36,800	32,800	48,000	52,800	45,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	190	...	...	235	...	...	3,915	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	200,000	...	...	107,000	...	...	160,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	156,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	129,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	55	...	...	1,280	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	156,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	120,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	95	...	...	130	...	...	2,175	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	252,000	...	...	124,000	...	...	180,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	188,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	144,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	50	...	...	365	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	72,000	...	...	87,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	68,000	...	...	75,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	40	25	15	120	50	70	1,645	685	960
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	80,000	90,000	70,000	49,000	62,000	40,000	77,600	96,800	63,900
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	64,000	72,000	60,000	42,000	52,000	34,000	65,200	81,200	53,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	555	275	280	985	485	495	14,050	6,890	7,155
0 to 17 years	100	50	50	220	120	105	3,925	2,050	1,880
0 to 5 years	30	10	20	60	30	30	1,725	910	810
18 to 64 years	320	155	160	645	325	325	8,930	4,335	4,595
65 years and over	135	75	65	115	50	70	1,190	510	680
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	15	5	5	90	40	50	795	355	445
0 to 17 years	5	0	0	30	15	10	220	105	120
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	5	5	5	90	40	50
18 to 64 years	5	0	5	55	30	25	470	215	255
65 years and over	0	0	0	10	0	5	110	35	75
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	2.4	2.5	2.0	9.4	9.2	10.0	5.7	5.1	6.2
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	12.0	12.0	12.0	5.6	5.0	6.2
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	8.0	x	x	5.2	4.6	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	2.0	x	2.5	8.8	8.5	9.0	5.2	4.9	5.5
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	9.0	x	12.0	9.2	7.2	10.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	550	280	275	985	490	495	14,045	6,895	7,155
0 to 17 years	100	45	50	225	115	105	3,930	2,045	1,880
0 to 5 years	25	10	15	65	35	30	1,725	915	815
18 to 64 years	315	160	160	650	325	325	8,935	4,335	4,595
65 years and over	140	70	65	115	45	70	1,185	510	675
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	15	10	10	65	30	40	495	230	270
0 to 17 years	0	5	0	15	10	10	115	50	65
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25
18 to 64 years	10	5	10	45	20	25	330	155	170
65 years and over	0	0	0	5	0	5	50	20	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.8	2.5	3.0	6.6	6.0	7.2	3.5	3.3	3.8
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	8.0	8.0	8.0	3.0	2.5	3.5
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	2.8	2.4	3.4
18 to 64 years (%)	3.6	x	5.0	6.4	6.0	7.2	3.6	3.6	3.7
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	4.0	x	6.0	4.4	3.6	4.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	555	275	275	985	485	495	14,050	6,890	7,155
In bottom half of the distribution	115	55	60	560	270	290	4,420	2,055	2,365
In bottom decile	20	5	10	95	45	55	705	325	380
In second decile	25	10	10	135	65	70	725	310	420
In third decile	10	10	5	125	60	60	820	400	420
In fourth decile	30	15	15	105	45	60	1,025	480	540
In fifth decile	35	15	15	95	50	45	1,140	540	600
In top half of the distribution	435	220	220	420	215	205	9,630	4,835	4,790
In sixth decile	70	40	30	105	55	55	1,380	675	705
In seventh decile	70	35	35	115	60	60	1,675	835	835
In eighth decile	60	25	35	90	45	45	1,750	865	880
In ninth decile	80	40	40	85	50	35	2,245	1,140	1,110
In top decile	150	80	70	30	10	15	2,575	1,325	1,255
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	550	...	...	985	...	...	14,045	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.344	...	...	0.289	...	...	0.320	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.410	...	...	0.434	...	...	0.380	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.294	...	...	0.253	...	...	0.282	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	550	280	275	985	490	495	14,060	6,900	7,155
English only	490	250	240	915	460	450	12,980	6,410	6,570
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
English and French	60	25	30	35	15	20	870	410	465
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	40	15	30	205	80	125
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	550	280	275	985	490	495	14,060	6,900	7,155
English	545	270	270	935	470	465	13,595	6,685	6,910
French	10	5	0	10	5	5	190	95	95
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	35	10	30	200	80	120
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	550	280	275	985	490	495	14,060	6,900	7,155
Single responses	545	275	270	920	460	460	13,310	6,515	6,790
Official languages	490	245	240	575	285	290	9,595	4,760	4,835
English	480	245	240	570	280	290	9,410	4,665	4,745
French	5	5	0	10	5	10	185	95	90
Non-official languages	50	25	30	345	175	170	3,710	1,760	1,955
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	50	25	30	345	175	170	3,710	1,760	1,955
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	50	25	20	235	130	110
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	10	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	5	5	5	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	40	25	20	225	125	105
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Arabic	0	0	0	35	20	15	175	100	75
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	60	20	40	95	45	50
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	60	20	35	85	35	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	125	65	60	650	295	355
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	5	20	10	5
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	105	55	50	565	255	310
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	55	60
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	10	15	90	50	35	1,930	910	1,015
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5	465	220	245
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5	465	220	245
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	5	75	35	40
Russian	5	0	5	0	0	0	255	115	135
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0	65	40	30
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0	30	15	15
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	115	55	55
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35
German	5	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	30
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	30	20	10	565	265	310
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	15	10	5	530	240	285
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	60
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	50
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	85
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	10	5	5	115	50	65
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	40	20	20
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	5
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	5	50	30	25	760	365	400
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Portuguese	5	0	5	5	0	0	85	50	40
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	40
Spanish	10	0	10	40	20	20	585	275	315
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	15	10	10	355	160	190
Chinese languages	20	10	10	15	10	10	350	160	190
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	5	0	0	225	105	120
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	10	5	5	110	50	65
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	5	5	60	30	35	755	385	365
English and French	5	0	5	5	5	0	75	45	35
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	50	25	30	590	305	285
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	550	280	275	985	490	495	14,060	6,900	7,155
English	500	255	245	580	285	290	9,710	4,795	4,915
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
Non-official language	10	0	0	110	50	55	970	465	505
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	105	50	55	970	465	505
English and French	5	5	0	5	5	0	155	85	75
English and non-official language(s)	40	15	25	275	140	135	3,030	1,475	1,555
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	5	0	5	70	30	45
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	15	5	5	70	30	40
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	550	280	275	985	490	495	14,060	6,900	7,155
Single responses	550	275	275	915	450	460	13,315	6,525	6,790
Official languages	535	270	265	670	335	335	11,115	5,475	5,640
English	530	270	270	670	330	335	11,050	5,440	5,610
French	0	0	0	5	5	0	65	35	35
Non-official languages	10	5	5	245	120	125	2,205	1,050	1,150
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	5	5	245	120	125	2,205	1,050	1,150
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	20	10	135	65	70
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	30	20	10	130	65	65
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Arabic	0	0	0	25	20	10	105	55	55
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	20	35	45	20	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	50	20	35	40	20	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	85	45	40	380	180	195
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	5	10	5	5
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	70	35	40	340	165	175
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	20
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	5	0	60	35	25	1,145	550	595
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	135	130
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	130
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	20
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	75	80
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	10	5	370	170	200
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	345	160	190
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	35
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	50
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	20	10	10
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	40	20	20	505	245	260
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	0	0	50	25	25
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Spanish	0	0	0	35	20	15	415	200	215
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	65
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	10	5	5	225	105	120
Chinese languages	5	0	0	10	5	5	225	105	120
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	90
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	10	5	5	40	20	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5	0	5	65	35	35	745	380	365
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	60	35	30	710	360	350
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	555	275	275	985	490	495	14,060	6,900	7,155
None	515	260	255	750	375	375	11,330	5,595	5,730
English	5	0	0	115	60	55	1,050	500	545
French	5	0	0	5	5	0	125	65	65
Non-official language	30	10	15	95	45	50	1,230	585	650
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	30	10	15	85	40	45	1,230	585	645
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	10	5	110	60	55
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	10	5	0	155	75	75
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	620	310	310	910	465	445	14,180	6,935	7,250
Official languages	615	310	305	875	450	425	13,960	6,850	7,115
English	615	310	305	875	450	425	13,960	6,850	7,115
French	75	30	50	30	10	20	810	380	430
Non-official languages	130	65	70	425	220	205	5,125	2,510	2,615
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	130	65	70	410	215	195	5,125	2,510	2,615
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	510	260	250
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	495	255	240
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	30	20
Arabic	0	0	0	15	10	0	325	180	145
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	40	65
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	70	30	40	105	70	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	70	30	40	85	50	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	190	100	95	825	365	465
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	30
Ilocano	0	0	0	40	30	15	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	165	80	90	785	350	435
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	110
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	40
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	105	45	55	120	75	45	2,705	1,300	1,400
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	0	25	10	10	545	245	300
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	0	25	10	10	545	245	300
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	25	10	10	35	10	20
Russian	0	0	0	10	0	0	325	145	180
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	55
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	35
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	10	10	0	145	65	80
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	40
German	10	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	40
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	40
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15	1,055	525	525
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	25	10	15	950	485	465
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	130	125
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	200	215
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	165	150
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	115	115
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	65
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	45	55
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	40	40	65	40	25	1,025	485	535
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	10	0	140	65	75
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	30
Spanish	75	35	35	50	30	20	850	410	440
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	20
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	85	80
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	125	95
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	75	45
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15	25	10	10	490	255	230
Chinese languages	25	10	15	25	10	10	490	255	230
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	0	10	15	10	0	295	145	150
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	10	10	0	0	215	115	95
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	20
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	625	310	310	910	465	445	14,180	6,935	7,250
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	40	25	15	60	25	30	405	170	235
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	35	25	10	60	25	30	400	165	235
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	25	10	10	130	50	75
Métis	20	10	0	35	15	20	275	115	155
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	580	290	295	850	440	410	13,775	6,765	7,010
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	625	310	310	910	465	445	14,180	6,935	7,250
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	25	10	10	75	20	55
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	625	310	310	885	455	430	14,105	6,910	7,190
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	220	...	...	320	...	...	5,330	...	...
Owner	210	...	...	240	...	...	3,975	...	...
Renter	10	...	...	80	...	...	1,360	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	220	...	...	320	...	...	5,330	...	...
Condominium	20	...	...	0	...	...	1,890	...	...
Not condominium	200	...	...	315	...	...	3,440	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	220	...	...	320	...	...	5,330	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	35	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	15	...	...	760	...	...
2 bedrooms	20	...	...	30	...	...	1,365	...	...
3 bedrooms	60	...	...	145	...	...	1,760	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	135	...	...	130	...	...	1,415	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	220	...	...	320	...	...	5,330	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	15	...	...	55	...	...	2,110	...	...
5 rooms	10	...	...	65	...	...	710	...	...
6 rooms	25	...	...	80	...	...	715	...	...
7 rooms	35	...	...	25	...	...	560	...	...
8 or more rooms	135	...	...	90	...	...	1,240	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	8.3	...	...	6.3	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	220	...	...	320	...	...	5,330	...	...
One person or fewer per room	220	...	...	305	...	...	5,205	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	15	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	220	...	...	320	...	...	5,330	...	...
Suitable	220	...	...	285	...	...	5,150	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	30	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	220	...	...	320	...	...	5,330	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	0	...	...	45	...	...
1961 to 1980	165	...	...	165	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	135	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	50	...	...	15	...	...	20	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,215	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	4,010	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	220	...	...	320	...	...	5,330	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	210	...	...	285	...	...	5,300	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...	35	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	220	...	...	320	...	...	5,330	...	...
One-maintainer household	70	...	...	120	...	...	2,330	...	...
Two-maintainer household	145	...	...	145	...	...	2,870	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	50	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	220	...	...	320	...	...	5,330	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	0	...	...	225	...	...
25 to 34 years	0	...	...	25	...	...	1,380	...	...
35 to 44 years	50	...	...	125	...	...	1,710	...	...
45 to 54 years	50	...	...	45	...	...	870	...	...
55 to 64 years	50	...	...	45	...	...	495	...	...
65 to 74 years	35	...	...	50	...	...	395	...	...
75 to 84 years	30	...	...	20	...	...	170	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	220	...	...	320	...	...	5,305	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	200	...	...	270	...	...	4,040	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	20	...	...	50	...	...	1,265	...	...
30% to less than 100%	15	...	...	50	...	...	1,115	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	220	...	...	320	...	...	5,330	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	100	...	...	1,435	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	15	...	...	45	...	...	1,225	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	20	...	...	155	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	20	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	190	...	...	220	...	...	3,890	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	215	...	...	320	...	...	5,150	...	...
In core need	0	...	...	45	...	...	300	...	...
Not in core need	215	...	...	275	...	...	4,855	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	205	...	...	245	...	...	3,975	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	48.8	...	...	69.4	...	...	88.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.8	...	...	16.3	...	...	18.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	12.2	...	...	2.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,280	...	...	1,500	...	...	2,380	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,600	...	...	1,370	...	...	2,412	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000	...	...	320,000	...	...	520,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	612,000	...	...	324,000	...	...	569,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15	...	...	75	...	...	1,355	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	20.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	40.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	15.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	1,410	...	...	1,560	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,600	...	...	1,200	...	...	1,702	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	620	310	310	910	465	440	14,185	6,935	7,245
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	30	15	20	85	40	45
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	30	15	20	85	40	45
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	20	0	10	40	10	25
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	30	15
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	30	10	20	25	15	0	375	155	225
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	30	10	20	25	15	0	360	155	210
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0	10	0	0	215	100	115
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	10	10	10	0	10	145	55	90
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	575	285	285	860	440	415	13,720	6,740	6,985
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	620	310	310	905	470	445	14,185	6,935	7,250
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	610	310	295	715	365	345	12,395	6,085	6,305
Canadian citizens aged under 18	140	75	65	210	135	75	3,740	1,915	1,830
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	470	235	235	500	230	270	8,650	4,175	4,475
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	10	0	10	195	100	100	1,785	845	945
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	620	310	310	905	470	445	14,185	6,935	7,250
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	495	240	260	505	260	250	9,535	4,705	4,830
Immigrants⁸¹	125	70	50	380	200	180	4,375	2,105	2,270
Before 1980	45	30	10	15	0	15	295	135	160
1980 to 1990	15	0	10	40	20	20	220	95	125
1991 to 2000	25	15	10	25	10	10	440	225	215
2001 to 2010	35	25	10	100	50	50	1,330	690	635
2011 to 2021⁸²	10	0	10	205	115	90	2,095	960	1,135
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	115	70	45	1,085	465	620
2016 to 2021	10	0	10	90	40	45	1,015	500	510
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	25	0	20	270	130	145
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	120	75	50	380	200	175	4,375	2,105	2,275
Under 5 years	35	25	0	10	0	10	460	205	260
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	65	40	25	685	335	350
15 to 24 years	15	10	10	65	35	30	670	295	380
25 to 44 years	60	35	20	195	110	90	2,185	1,075	1,105
45 years and over	10	0	10	45	20	25	380	195	180
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	120	75	50	380	200	175	4,375	2,105	2,275
Americas	35	10	25	50	20	25	685	335	345
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mexico	15	0	10	30	15	15	70	40	35
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	55
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	15	15	0	10	185	75	110
Europe	45	30	10	30	15	10	765	390	375
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20
Poland	0	0	0	15	0	10	25	0	25
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	40
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	25	0	0	0	0	270	145	125
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	75	60
Africa	0	0	0	20	10	15	575	295	285
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	120	100
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	20
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	0	10	165	75	85
Asia	45	35	15	280	155	125	2,320	1,065	1,255
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	15	10	10	215	110	105
Hong Kong⁹¹	20	15	10	0	0	0	45	25	20
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Philippines	0	0	0	190	105	85	735	300	440
Viet Nam	0	0	0	40	15	20	60	35	30
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	280	300
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	65
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	20	0	0	0	0	310	135	175
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	0	0	0	85	45	45	1,010	500	510
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	125	95
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	25
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	30	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	20
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	85	65
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	85	45	40	515	230	285
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	110
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	75	30	40	190	85	100
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	40
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	625	310	310	910	465	445	14,180	6,935	7,250
First generation¹⁰⁰	125	70	50	415	215	195	4,790	2,285	2,505
Second generation¹⁰¹	135	60	70	190	105	90	3,245	1,685	1,560
Third generation or more¹⁰²	365	180	185	305	145	160	6,145	2,960	3,185
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	80	40	40	365	195	165	4,080	1,970	2,115
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	55	35	20	210	120	85	2,765	1,420	1,345
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	20	20	0	65	45	20	1,105	735	370
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	30	15	20	140	75	65	1,655	685	970
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	25	0	20	85	35	55	980	380	600
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	45	30	20	335	170	165
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	80	40	40	365	195	165	4,080	1,970	2,115
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	30	20	15	130	85	45
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	10	0	0	65	40	25	635	305	325
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	70
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	10	10	0	330	195	135
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	70	40	30	260	135	125	2,840	1,320	1,520
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	625	310	310	910	465	445	14,180	6,935	7,250
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	100	55	50	475	255	220	5,680	2,785	2,900
South Asian	0	0	0	30	15	10	1,355	675	675
Chinese	40	20	20	25	15	15	560	285	275
Black	0	0	0	85	50	35	720	370	350
Filipino	0	0	0	215	120	95	1,135	500	635
Arab	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	155	125
Latin American	30	0	25	30	15	0	635	315	315
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	65	25	35	265	125	135
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	70	90
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	100	95
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	40
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	15	0	15	295	150	135
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	520	260	265	435	210	225	8,500	4,145	4,355
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	620	310	310	910	465	445	14,185	6,935	7,250
Canadian	85	35	45	105	65	45	1,435	765	670
English	150	85	60	110	50	55	2,370	1,165	1,205
Irish	115	55	60	65	30	30	1,825	855	975
Scottish	210	95	115	90	50	35	2,000	985	1,020
French, n.o.s.¹²²	50	10	40	70	35	30	915	455	460
German	70	30	40	95	50	45	1,695	850	845
Chinese	25	15	10	45	15	20	720	355	365
Italian	25	15	10	0	0	0	395	205	195
Indian (India)	0	0	0	15	10	10	835	440	390
Ukrainian	55	30	25	0	0	0	860	380	480
Dutch	15	10	10	40	20	15	475	220	255
Polish	15	0	10	45	20	25	450	215	235
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	10
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	40	25	15	25	15	10	420	180	240
Filipino	0	0	0	205	115	90	1,155	500	660
French Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	45	30
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	10	0	10	255	100	155
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0	140	45	90
Métis	20	10	10	20	10	15	210	85	120
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	135	100
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	175	225
Norwegian	15	0	0	15	10	10	335	145	190
Welsh	20	10	10	0	0	0	275	140	130
Portuguese	0	0	0	25	15	10	145	95	50
American	25	15	10	0	0	0	180	100	80
Spanish	15	0	15	0	0	0	335	140	200
Swedish	45	20	25	20	10	15	165	95	70
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	60
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	90	110
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	40	70
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40
Vietnamese	0	0	0	65	30	45	190	75	110
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	55	80
Greek	0	0	0	15	0	15	35	25	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	25
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	25	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	120	95
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	65	55
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	55	20
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	105	125
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	30
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	60
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	35
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	40
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	40
Mexican	30	10	20	30	20	10	160	75	85
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	65	55
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	70
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	20
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	55	25
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	65	45
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	75	45
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	30	10
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	85	80
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	25
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	70
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	80	90
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	15	35
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	40	20
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	40
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	30	20
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	65	35
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	0	35
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	35
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	45	60
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	15
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	15
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
Sudanese	0	0	0	45	15	20	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	30	15
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	620	310	310	910	465	445	14,180	6,930	7,250
Buddhist	0	0	0	30	0	25	90	55	45
Christian	320	150	170	530	295	240	7,245	3,375	3,870
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	35	10	25	160	80	80	1,580	770	815
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	40	30	10	0	0	0	195	60	130
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	60
Catholic	125	65	60	300	170	125	3,810	1,805	2,005
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	25	20	0	275	130	140
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	10	0	0	145	70	70
Lutheran	35	15	20	0	0	0	165	50	110
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	60	75
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	35	70
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	40	15	20	10	0	0	285	140	145
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	25	0	20	25	10	20	370	160	210
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	260	260
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	45
Muslim	0	0	0	40	20	20	870	450	425
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	140	140
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	25	0	10	10	0	10	20	0	15
No religion and secular perspectives	255	135	120	285	145	145	5,080	2,625	2,455
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	620	310	305	890	460	430	13,865	6,780	7,085
Non-movers	580	280	300	810	425	380	10,435	5,150	5,280
Movers	35	30	10	80	30	50	3,425	1,625	1,800
Non-migrants	35	30	10	70	30	40	2,680	1,265	1,415
Migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	365	390
Internal migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	275	320
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	140	145
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	135	175
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	90	65
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	590	295	295	855	435	425	12,735	6,185	6,550
Non-movers	435	225	215	570	310	265	3,060	1,540	1,525
Movers	155	75	80	285	125	160	9,675	4,645	5,030
Non-migrants	115	55	60	230	115	115	6,675	3,205	3,470
Migrants	40	20	25	55	10	45	3,000	1,435	1,555
Internal migrants	25	10	20	25	0	20	2,100	1,020	1,085
Intraprovincial migrants	20	10	10	15	0	15	1,185	595	595
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	10	0	0	915	425	490
External migrants	10	0	10	25	0	25	900	420	475
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	505	250	255	700	340	365	10,525	5,055	5,470
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	45	15	30	200	100	100	1,000	520	485
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	455	235	220	505	240	260	9,525	4,540	4,985
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	280	125	155	495	240	250	8,190	4,000	4,180
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	0	0	0	140	65	70	405	220	185
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	280	125	150	360	175	185	7,785	3,785	4,000
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	505	250	255	705	340	365	10,525	5,055	5,470
No certificate, diploma or degree	50	15	30	165	85	80	845	405	440
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	125	80	45	230	105	125	2,455	1,255	1,200
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	335	155	180	310	155	155	7,225	3,395	3,825
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	115	60	55	215	100	115	3,100	1,545	1,555
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	0	0	55	40	15	655	490	165
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	20	0	15	230	120	110
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	35	35	0	425	370	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	85	45	40	110	35	70	1,960	860	1,100
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	15	15	50	30	30	480	190	290
Bachelor's degree or higher	220	95	125	95	50	45	4,125	1,855	2,270
Bachelor's degree	140	65	85	70	35	35	2,935	1,320	1,620
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	10	0	0	0	220	115	115
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	85
Master's degree	50	25	30	25	20	10	735	310	425
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	280	125	155	495	245	255	8,185	4,005	4,185
No certificate, diploma or degree	0	0	0	105	55	55	295	140	150
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	55	30	30	145	70	80	1,580	865	715
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	220	100	120	245	120	120	6,310	2,995	3,315
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70	40	30	165	85	85	2,555	1,300	1,255
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	0	0	45	30	10	550	415	135
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	20	0	10	175	90	90
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	30	30	0	370	325	45
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	50	30	20	80	35	50	1,610	735	870
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	0	40	20	25	400	150	250
Bachelor's degree or higher	150	55	95	75	40	35	3,755	1,695	2,065
Bachelor's degree	90	35	55	60	35	30	2,655	1,200	1,450
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	110
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	80	80
Master's degree	45	15	25	15	10	0	680	285	395
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	505	250	255	705	340	365	10,525	5,055	5,470
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	170	95	75	395	190	205	3,300	1,660	1,645
Education	35	0	35	20	0	15	425	95	340
13. Education	35	0	35	20	0	15	425	95	340
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	10	0	10	135	55	75
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	45	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	15	75
Humanities	25	10	15	25	15	10	260	80	180
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0	55	0	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	0	0	0	85	30	55
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	15	10	10	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	10	30	25	20	10	725	235	490
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	0	0	0	115	40	75
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	0	90
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	20	90
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	0	0	0	160	35	130
45. Social sciences	20	10	10	15	15	0	245	140	105
Business, management and public administration	80	40	40	75	15	60	1,790	770	1,015
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	10	0	10	60	0	60
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	80	40	35	65	15	50	1,720	765	955
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	105	165
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	20	75
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	40
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	15	10	0	405	290	115
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	15	10	0	360	255	105
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	95	80	15	70	55	10	1,495	1,275	220
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
14. Engineering	60	45	10	20	10	10	645	540	110
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	25	20	0	10	10	0	335	265	70
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	30	25	0	215	200	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	165	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	10	10	0	80	80	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	60
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Health and related fields	40	0	35	40	15	30	1,315	295	1,025
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	10	0	0	0	85	45	45
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	30	0	25	40	15	30	1,190	230	960
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	30	25	0	315	165	150
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	15	0	0	150	25	125
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	90	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	10	10	0	45	45	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	280	125	155	495	240	255	8,190	4,000	4,185
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	55	25	30	255	115	135	1,875	1,010	870
Education	25	0	25	15	0	0	355	85	270
13. Education	25	0	25	15	0	0	355	85	270
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	10	0	10	115	45	70
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	35	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	10	65
Humanities	15	10	10	20	10	10	205	55	150
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0	50	0	40
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	15	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	15	10	10	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	35	10	30	20	15	10	635	215	420
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	0	0	0	85	30	55
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	0	75
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	20	70
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	0	0	0	145	35	110
45. Social sciences	20	10	10	15	10	0	235	130	105
Business, management and public administration	50	25	25	45	10	35	1,575	670	905
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	0	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	45	25	20	35	10	25	1,515	665	850
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	95	135
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	20	65
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	45	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	15	10	0	385	275	105
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	15	10	0	340	245	95
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	55	45	10	65	50	15	1,310	1,100	210
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
14. Engineering	25	20	10	20	10	10	570	470	100
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	20	15	0	10	10	0	310	240	70
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	25	20	0	190	175	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	135	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	65	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	25	0	15	40	15	30	1,145	285	855
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	40	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	0	10	40	15	30	1,040	225	815
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	15	15	0	280	150	130
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	10	0	0	140	25	115
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	85	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	45	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	280	125	155	495	240	255	8,190	4,000	4,185
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	55	25	30	255	115	135	1,875	1,010	870
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	220	100	125	240	125	115	6,310	2,995	3,315
Location of study inside Canada	190	85	105	160	80	80	4,330	2,035	2,295
Same as province or territory of residence	115	60	55	145	80	65	3,210	1,500	1,705
Different than province or territory of residence	75	25	50	15	0	10	1,120	530	590
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	25	15	15	80	40	40	1,980	960	1,020
Americas	20	10	15	0	0	0	490	255	225
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	145	95
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	25
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	190	155
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	15	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	55	60
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	120	110
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	85	60
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Asia	0	0	0	70	30	40	900	380	520
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	25
Philippines	0	0	0	60	30	30	345	140	195
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	120	155
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	35
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	505	250	255	705	340	365	10,525	5,055	5,470
In the labour force	325	165	160	450	245	205	8,080	4,160	3,920
Employed	285	145	135	365	195	165	7,380	3,845	3,540
Unemployed	40	20	20	90	50	40	695	315	380
Not in the labour force	180	85	95	255	95	155	2,445	895	1,555
Participation rate	64.4	66.0	62.7	63.8	72.1	56.2	76.8	82.3	71.7
Employment rate	56.4	58.0	52.9	51.8	57.4	45.2	70.1	76.1	64.7
Unemployment rate	12.3	12.1	12.5	20.0	20.4	19.5	8.6	7.6	9.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	505	250	255	705	340	365	10,525	5,055	5,470
Did not work¹⁸⁶	170	80	95	255	95	165	2,570	995	1,570
Worked	330	170	160	445	250	200	7,955	4,060	3,900
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	200	115	85	265	160	105	4,795	2,755	2,035
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	130	60	70	180	85	95	3,165	1,295	1,865
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.0	42.0	40.0	42.1	42.8	41.2	42.2	43.9	40.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	320	160	160	450	245	205	8,080	4,160	3,920
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	15	15	10	0	175	85	85
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	305	160	145	435	235	200	7,910	4,080	3,830
Employee	260	135	120	415	220	200	6,775	3,380	3,395
Permanent position	225	135	90	365	190	170	5,995	3,080	2,915
Temporary position	30	0	30	55	30	25	785	300	480
Fixed term (1 year or more)	15	0	15	10	10	0	210	75	135
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	20	0	20	45	20	20	570	225	345
Self-employed¹⁹²	50	25	25	20	20	0	1,130	695	435
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	320	160	160	450	245	205	8,080	4,160	3,920
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	15	15	10	0	175	85	85
All occupations¹⁹¹	305	160	145	435	235	200	7,910	4,080	3,830
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	10	0	10	0	0	0	125	100	25
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	55	15	40	75	10	65	1,600	480	1,130
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	45	35	10	25	15	0	1,090	815	275
3 Health occupations	25	10	15	45	0	40	980	240	740
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	50	0	50	20	10	10	820	255	560
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	95	65
6 Sales and service occupations	50	35	15	115	50	65	1,590	710	875
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	40	40	0	95	90	0	1,255	1,130	125
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	15	15	0	10	10	0	120	100	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	10	0	55	45	10	175	160	15
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	320	160	160	450	245	205	8,080	4,160	3,920
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	15	15	10	0	175	85	85
All industries¹⁹¹	305	160	145	435	235	200	7,910	4,080	3,830
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	15	10	25	15	15	470	280	190
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	90	35
23 Construction	15	15	0	50	50	0	810	645	160
31-33 Manufacturing	25	25	0	50	40	10	345	275	70
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	15	10	10	280	175	105
44-45 Retail trade	35	20	15	60	30	35	805	385	420
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	15	10	0	10	10	0	435	310	120
51 Information and cultural industries	10	10	0	0	0	0	135	90	50
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	150	160
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	70
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	55	25	30	25	10	15	865	490	375
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	30
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	15	0	0	50	35	15	325	190	135
61 Educational services	25	0	25	25	15	15	465	115	345
62 Health care and social assistance	30	10	25	50	0	50	1,280	250	1,025
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	0	10	0	0	125	65	55
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	0	25	0	20	325	155	170
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	15	10	10	305	145	155
91 Public administration	35	20	20	0	0	0	330	185	150
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	335	180	160	500	265	235	8,430	4,280	4,155
English	325	180	150	470	245	230	8,025	4,085	3,940
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	30	15	10	265	130	135
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	335	180	160	500	265	235	8,430	4,280	4,155
Single responses	335	180	160	490	255	235	8,400	4,260	4,145
Official languages	335	180	160	485	250	230	8,310	4,210	4,100
English	335	180	160	485	250	230	8,285	4,205	4,080
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
Non-official languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	95	50	45
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	95	50	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	10	10	0	30	20	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	10	0	30	20	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	335	180	160	500	265	235	8,430	4,280	4,155
None	325	180	150	480	255	230	8,105	4,125	3,980
English	0	0	0	10	0	0	40	15	25
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25
Non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0	190	85	100
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	10	0	0	0	190	85	100
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	285	140	140	360	195	165	7,380	3,850	3,535
Worked at home	110	50	60	40	10	35	2,150	1,020	1,130
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
No fixed workplace address	15	0	0	60	40	15	1,145	830	315
Usual place of work	155	85	70	260	145	120	4,070	1,975	2,095
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	155	85	70	265	150	120	4,070	1,975	2,095
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	150	80	70	245	130	115	3,700	1,755	1,940
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	15	15	0	265	135	130
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	50	20
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	175	95	75	325	185	135	5,210	2,810	2,410
Car, truck or van	155	80	75	255	160	95	4,665	2,560	2,105
Car, truck or van - as a driver	145	80	65	230	145	85	4,430	2,495	1,940
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	25	20	10	235	70	165
Public transit	0	0	0	65	20	40	180	75	105
Walked	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	50	150
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other method	10	10	0	0	0	0	145	105	40
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	175	95	75	325	185	135	5,210	2,810	2,410
Less than 15 minutes	30	20	15	35	10	25	945	325	620
15 to 29 minutes	100	50	50	180	110	65	2,550	1,485	1,065
30 to 44 minutes	30	20	10	60	45	15	1,170	675	495
45 to 59 minutes	10	10	0	20	10	0	295	175	115
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	25	10	20	245	145	105
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	175	95	75	325	185	135	5,210	2,810	2,410
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	40	20	15	330	235	95
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	35	30	0	95	50	40	1,045	600	450
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	70	40	30	60	40	15	1,585	840	740
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	25	10	15	30	20	10	960	490	470
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	30	15	15	40	15	25	600	275	325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10	0	0	60	35	25	690	365	320
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	105	50	55	230	120	110	3,965	2,065	1,900
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	5	20	5	10	275	145	130
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	95	45	45	210	115	100	3,685	1,920	1,770
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	80	40	45	175	95	85	2,430	1,255	1,175
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	5	10	5	10	175	95	85
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	5	0	0	95	45	50
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	5	10	0	5	80	50	35
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75	40	35	165	85	75	2,250	1,165	1,090

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 13, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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