Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

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	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	599	...	...	592	...	...	36,991,981	...	...	656	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	35,151,728	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	5.2	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	242	...	...	475	...	...	16,284,235	...	...	216	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	240	...	...	414	...	...	14,978,941	...	...	192	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,440.9	...	...	8,888.9	...	...	4.2	...	...	179.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.25	...	...	0.07	...	...	8,788,702.80	...	...	3.65	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	600	300	300	590	270	320	36,991,980	18,226,240	18,765,740	655	340	315
0 to 14 years	100	50	55	40	25	15	6,012,795	3,086,510	2,926,285	160	75	85
0 to 4 years	35	15	15	25	15	10	1,831,195	938,790	892,405	90	45	45
5 to 9 years	25	10	15	5	0	5	2,054,900	1,054,240	1,000,655	35	15	20
10 to 14 years	45	20	25	5	5	5	2,126,705	1,093,480	1,033,225	35	15	15
15 to 64 years	355	175	175	325	170	155	23,957,760	11,915,050	12,042,710	465	250	220
15 to 19 years	30	10	15	5	5	0	2,012,975	1,036,730	976,240	25	15	10
20 to 24 years	25	20	5	30	15	15	2,202,255	1,138,825	1,063,430	60	35	25
25 to 29 years	20	10	5	60	25	30	2,421,510	1,228,135	1,193,370	85	50	40
30 to 34 years	30	15	15	50	20	30	2,518,835	1,252,795	1,266,040	100	55	45
35 to 39 years	40	20	15	65	35	25	2,511,345	1,238,515	1,272,835	55	30	25
40 to 44 years	40	20	25	30	20	10	2,399,405	1,175,875	1,223,530	40	25	20
45 to 49 years	35	15	20	15	10	5	2,304,170	1,129,185	1,174,985	25	10	15
50 to 54 years	65	35	30	30	20	10	2,368,350	1,161,665	1,206,685	25	15	10
55 to 59 years	40	15	25	20	10	10	2,647,330	1,299,975	1,347,350	20	10	10
60 to 64 years	35	15	20	35	15	20	2,571,580	1,253,335	1,318,245	20	15	10
65 years and over	145	70	70	225	75	150	7,021,430	3,224,680	3,796,750	30	15	15
65 to 69 years	45	25	25	60	20	40	2,210,970	1,065,305	1,145,665	10	5	5
70 to 74 years	35	20	15	65	20	45	1,847,585	879,850	967,735	15	5	10
75 to 79 years	20	10	10	40	10	30	1,260,930	589,090	671,845	5	5	0
80 to 84 years	20	5	15	30	5	20	840,545	370,905	469,645	0	0	0
85 years and over	20	10	5	35	15	25	861,395	319,540	541,860	5	5	0
85 to 89 years	15	10	5	25	10	15	525,445	212,735	312,705	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	5	5	5	5	0	5	258,035	87,300	170,735	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,380	17,670	50,715	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,535	1,830	7,710	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.7	16.7	18.3	6.8	9.3	4.7	16.3	16.9	15.6	24.4	22.1	27.0
15 to 64 years	59.2	58.3	58.3	55.1	63.0	48.4	64.8	65.4	64.2	71.0	73.5	69.8
65 years and over	24.2	23.3	23.3	38.1	27.8	46.9	19.0	17.7	20.2	4.6	4.4	4.8
85 years and over	3.3	3.3	1.7	5.9	5.6	7.8	2.3	1.8	2.9	0.8	1.5	0.0
Average age of the population	44.8	44.6	45.0	50.8	46.2	54.7	41.9	41.0	42.8	29.8	30.3	29.4
Median age of the population	47.6	47.6	48.0	51.2	40.8	63.6	41.6	40.4	42.8	29.8	30.0	29.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	240	...	...	410	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	195	...	...
Single-detached house	240	...	...	0	...	...	7,872,310	...	...	175	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	746,560	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	980,110	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	0	...	...	821,490	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	5	...	...	2,738,020	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	410	...	...	1,596,155	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	34,880	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	189,420	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	240	...	...	415	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	190	...	...
1 person	50	...	...	285	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	25	...	...
2 persons	90	...	...	95	...	...	5,124,800	...	...	35	...	...
3 persons	50	...	...	20	...	...	2,194,825	...	...	50	...	...
4 persons	35	...	...	15	...	...	2,002,455	...	...	35	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	0	...	...	1,260,850	...	...	50	...	...
Number of persons in private households	600	295	300	590	270	320	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,245	655	345	315
Average household size	2.5	...	...	1.4	...	...	2.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	500	245	250	555	245	305	30,979,185	15,139,730	15,839,460	500	260	235
Married or living common-law	325	160	165	210	110	100	17,626,005	8,813,405	8,812,595	335	175	160
Married	280	140	140	155	85	75	13,725,625	6,859,755	6,865,875	315	160	150
Living common-law	45	20	25	60	30	30	3,900,375	1,953,650	1,946,725	25	10	10
Living common law - Never married	35	15	20	55	25	25	2,967,665	1,485,985	1,481,685	25	10	10
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	123,830	65,045	58,785	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	5	5	0	5	5	5	721,715	365,760	355,950	0	0	0
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,165	36,860	50,300	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	170	90	85	340	135	205	13,353,180	6,326,325	7,026,860	160	90	70
Not married and not living common law - Never married	100	60	35	185	95	90	9,025,865	4,881,410	4,144,455	130	80	50
Not married and not living common law - Separated	5	0	5	30	5	20	741,135	319,045	422,090	10	0	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	40	20	25	85	30	55	1,921,880	760,425	1,161,460	10	5	5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	30	5	20	45	5	45	1,664,295	365,440	1,298,855	15	0	10
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	185	...	...	120	...	...	10,262,925	...	...	180	...	...
2 persons	105	...	...	90	...	...	5,306,105	...	...	60	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	15	...	...	2,147,825	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	35	...	...	5	...	...	1,953,035	...	...	40	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	0	...	...	855,960	...	...	20	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.3	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.2	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.4	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	185	...	...	115	...	...	10,262,925	...	...	180	...	...
Total couple families	160	...	...	95	...	...	8,576,585	...	...	160	...	...
Married couples	140	...	...	70	...	...	6,627,310	...	...	145	...	...
With children⁶	65	...	...	15	...	...	3,481,775	...	...	100	...	...
Without children	75	...	...	55	...	...	3,145,535	...	...	45	...	...
Common-law couples	20	...	...	30	...	...	1,949,275	...	...	10	...	...
With children⁶	5	...	...	5	...	...	808,645	...	...	5	...	...
Without children	15	...	...	25	...	...	1,140,630	...	...	5	...	...
Total one-parent families	25	...	...	15	...	...	1,686,340	...	...	20	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	15	...	...	15	...	...	1,302,670	...	...	15	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	0	...	...	383,670	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	600	295	300	590	270	320	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,245	655	340	315
Total - Persons in census families	515	255	260	270	135	130	29,478,475	14,616,850	14,861,625	565	285	285
Married spouses or common-law partners	315	160	160	195	100	100	17,153,165	8,577,610	8,575,560	315	160	155
Parents in one-parent families	30	10	15	20	5	20	1,686,340	383,675	1,302,670	20	5	15
Children⁶	170	85	80	55	35	20	10,638,965	5,655,570	4,983,400	230	125	110
In a two-parent family	130	70	60	30	20	10	8,024,590	4,238,785	3,785,805	195	105	95
In a one-parent family	40	15	25	25	15	10	2,614,375	1,416,785	1,197,595	30	20	15
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	85	40	40	320	130	185	6,850,005	3,320,385	3,529,620	90	55	30
Living alone	55	30	25	285	115	170	4,396,015	2,048,495	2,347,520	25	20	10
Living with other relatives⁷	15	5	10	0	0	0	927,345	393,085	534,260	20	10	10
Living with non-relatives only	15	10	10	30	20	15	1,526,645	878,800	647,840	45	25	20
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	240	...	...	415	...	...	14,978,945	...	...	190	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	160	...	...	105	...	...	8,932,695	...	...	115	...	...
Couple-family households	145	...	...	90	...	...	7,627,195	...	...	105	...	...
With children⁶	65	...	...	20	...	...	3,789,795	...	...	75	...	...
Without children	75	...	...	75	...	...	3,837,400	...	...	25	...	...
One-parent-family households	20	...	...	15	...	...	1,305,500	...	...	10	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...	0	...	...	441,745	...	...	25	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	94,235	...	...	5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...	5	...	...	450,415	...	...	15	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	5	...	...	15	...	...	663,835	...	...	10	...	...
One-person households	55	...	...	285	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	25	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	495	250	245	555	245	310	30,336,135	14,861,555	15,474,575	495	265	230
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	480	240	240	540	235	300	29,241,810	14,316,155	14,925,660	470	250	220
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,800	60,400	46,400	26,200	34,800	24,800	41,200	46,400	36,800	38,800	43,600	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	480	240	240	540	235	300	29,256,180	14,323,750	14,932,425	470	250	220
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,400	50,800	42,000	25,600	32,400	24,600	36,800	40,800	33,600	36,000	38,400	31,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	445	225	215	375	185	185	26,045,500	13,010,250	13,035,250	435	240	195
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,200	54,000	40,000	23,800	32,000	12,800	35,200	42,400	29,200	34,000	42,000	25,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	340	180	155	285	150	135	21,127,615	10,906,485	10,221,130	410	225	185
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,600	57,200	44,400	28,800	38,400	19,400	37,200	43,200	32,000	31,800	39,600	25,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	415	205	210	510	220	285	25,401,740	12,065,555	13,336,180	430	225	205
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,300	9,000	11,400	17,200	13,000	19,000	9,800	8,500	11,000	7,200	3,320	10,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	50	15	25	60	30	30	3,185,840	1,548,250	1,637,590	65	20	40
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	x	6,000	6,280	6,280	5,480	5,720	5,760	5,720	6,850	5,480	7,900
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	120	65	60	140	65	75	8,373,550	4,140,705	4,232,845	215	100	115
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	8,500	9,500	12,000	10,300	12,500	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,700	8,500	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	440	205	235	580	270	310	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,670	505	285	230
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	430	205	230	565	265	295	29,242,935	14,316,595	14,926,335	475	260	210
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	76,800	96,000	59,600	35,800	43,600	28,800	54,450	62,650	46,560	42,000	47,200	35,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	430	205	230	565	265	295	29,257,325	14,324,165	14,933,160	475	260	210
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,200	75,500	50,000	32,200	38,400	26,800	44,920	50,320	39,680	37,400	41,200	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	410	195	220	410	220	195	26,047,020	13,011,765	13,035,250	440	250	185
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	71,200	93,000	52,400	31,700	40,800	21,600	50,240	59,500	41,000	35,000	42,400	25,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	330	165	160	315	180	135	21,127,690	10,908,965	10,218,725	405	235	170
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	73,600	91,000	56,000	38,400	47,600	26,400	50,280	58,050	42,000	34,000	40,000	26,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	380	165	215	535	255	285	25,397,565	12,061,765	13,335,800	445	255	195
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,640	9,400	9,800	13,200	10,500	15,600	11,170	10,180	12,060	10,120	7,050	14,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	25	0	15	40	0	30	3,179,395	1,544,580	1,634,815	65	25	45
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	...	9,000	6,800	...	6,800	7,050	6,710	7,370	8,800	5,600	10,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	85	30	50	140	55	95	8,346,145	4,128,810	4,217,340	215	110	110
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	8,000	9,600	10,600	11,200	10,200	8,920	8,740	9,100	9,600	9,200	10,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	440	205	240	580	275	310	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	505	280	225
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	170	110	65	120	85	30	9,912,810	5,493,720	4,419,090	180	135	45
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	89,000	104,000	75,500	54,000	62,800	x	63,600	69,000	58,000	52,000	53,200	49,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	110,000	124,000	88,000	66,000	70,000	56,000	77,200	85,400	67,000	51,600	53,000	46,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	120	40	80	165	75	90	8,426,645	3,988,060	4,438,585	155	75	85
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,800	17,800	25,800	18,600	30,000	15,100	18,400	21,000	16,600	20,200	20,200	20,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	40,000	40,000	39,000	26,600	35,000	20,400	29,160	33,960	24,860	22,400	23,000	22,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	89.0	92.0	84.0	65.0	77.0	49.0	82.2	86.4	76.8	77.0	86.0	63.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	73.5	78.0	67.0	60.0	74.0	42.0	66.8	70.6	61.7	69.5	76.0	60.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	11.1	8.0	15.4	35.2	23.2	51.0	17.8	13.7	23.1	22.8	14.4	36.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	x	1.0	1.2	x	2.0	1.4	1.2	1.7	3.0	0.9	6.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	2.6	1.5	4.1	8.8	5.8	12.8	5.4	4.5	6.6	11.6	8.8	16.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.2	1.4	3.4	7.4	4.8	10.8	4.7	4.0	5.5	10.4	7.8	14.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	500	245	250	555	245	305	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	500	260	235
Without total income	20	5	10	15	5	5	1,094,320	545,400	548,915	25	10	10
With total income	485	245	235	535	240	300	29,241,815	14,316,150	14,925,660	470	255	220
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	10	25	35	20	20	2,434,730	1,058,420	1,376,310	30	10	25
$10,000 to $19,999	50	30	25	65	25	40	3,448,185	1,445,240	2,002,945	35	10	20
$20,000 to $29,999	65	35	35	205	65	140	4,635,650	2,018,080	2,617,570	85	45	40
$30,000 to $39,999	45	25	20	65	30	35	3,723,680	1,648,300	2,075,375	90	40	50
$40,000 to $49,999	45	15	30	50	25	25	3,290,715	1,529,960	1,760,755	65	35	25
$50,000 to $59,999	35	15	15	40	20	15	2,677,465	1,302,135	1,375,330	50	20	25
$60,000 to $69,999	45	20	25	20	15	5	2,073,335	1,086,545	986,795	40	25	15
$70,000 to $79,999	35	15	15	15	10	10	1,592,465	887,985	704,480	30	20	5
$80,000 to $89,999	20	5	10	10	10	0	1,239,395	708,430	530,965	15	15	5
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	10	10	10	0	965,950	553,435	412,510	10	5	5
$100,000 and over	105	70	30	25	15	10	3,160,245	2,077,620	1,082,625	10	10	0
$100,000 to $149,999	55	35	15	20	15	5	2,102,630	1,319,110	783,520	15	10	0
$150,000 and over	50	35	15	10	0	5	1,057,615	758,510	299,105	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	500	245	250	555	245	305	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	500	260	235
Without after-tax income	20	5	10	15	5	5	1,079,955	537,800	542,155	25	10	10
With after-tax income	485	245	235	535	240	300	29,256,180	14,323,750	14,932,430	470	255	220
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	10	25	35	15	20	2,561,695	1,100,975	1,460,725	30	10	25
$10,000 to $19,999	50	30	25	70	25	45	3,608,250	1,521,395	2,086,855	40	10	25
$20,000 to $29,999	70	40	35	215	70	150	5,294,505	2,321,660	2,972,845	105	55	50
$30,000 to $39,999	50	25	30	75	45	35	4,442,970	2,035,725	2,407,250	95	50	50
$40,000 to $49,999	50	25	30	55	30	30	3,798,710	1,839,700	1,959,005	70	40	30
$50,000 to $59,999	55	20	35	35	20	10	2,833,120	1,471,200	1,361,920	65	35	30
$60,000 to $69,999	30	20	15	20	10	5	2,020,895	1,114,110	906,790	40	25	10
$70,000 to $79,999	25	10	15	15	10	0	1,428,520	814,645	613,875	10	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	20	15	5	10	5	0	1,027,015	592,405	434,605	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	10	0	0	0	643,700	402,325	241,380	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	65	50	20	10	5	10	1,596,790	1,109,610	487,185	5	5	0
$100,000 to $124,999	25	20	5	10	0	5	792,455	530,970	261,490	0	0	0
$125,000 and over	40	25	10	10	0	5	804,335	578,645	225,695	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	500	245	250	555	245	305	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	500	260	235
Without employment income	160	65	90	265	90	170	9,208,520	3,955,070	5,253,450	85	35	50
With employment income	340	185	155	285	150	130	21,127,615	10,906,485	10,221,125	410	230	180
Under $5,000 (including loss)	45	20	25	45	15	30	2,951,135	1,446,185	1,504,955	50	20	25
$5,000 to $9,999	25	15	10	25	10	15	1,739,570	765,825	973,750	40	15	25
$10,000 to $19,999	40	20	20	45	25	25	2,498,120	1,128,310	1,369,810	55	30	25
$20,000 to $29,999	25	15	10	30	20	15	1,960,665	902,615	1,058,050	55	30	25
$30,000 to $39,999	15	5	10	25	10	15	1,903,100	899,905	1,003,190	50	20	30
$40,000 to $49,999	20	5	15	20	15	10	1,859,845	899,795	960,055	45	25	20
$50,000 to $59,999	20	10	10	30	15	15	1,640,805	842,030	798,780	35	25	10
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	15	20	15	0	1,367,510	754,825	612,685	25	15	15
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	10	10	5	1,099,625	637,060	462,570	25	20	5
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	5	5	0	0	929,490	539,395	390,095	10	10	0
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	10	10	10	0	760,035	439,505	320,530	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	80	55	25	15	10	5	2,417,710	1,651,040	766,670	10	5	0
$100,000 to $124,999	30	20	10	10	5	0	1,129,445	714,235	415,210	0	0	0
$125,000 and over	45	35	10	10	5	0	1,288,265	936,805	351,460	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	495	250	245	555	245	310	30,336,135	14,861,555	15,474,575	495	265	230
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	475	240	235	530	230	295	28,598,395	13,976,715	14,621,680	460	245	215
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,200	61,200	48,000	24,000	28,000	23,400	39,200	45,200	34,000	34,400	40,400	30,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	475	240	235	530	230	295	28,617,610	13,979,960	14,637,655	460	245	215
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,400	53,600	43,200	23,800	27,800	23,400	35,200	40,000	31,200	30,800	36,400	29,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	445	220	220	375	185	190	25,708,470	12,830,580	12,877,890	430	235	195
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,600	60,800	42,800	24,200	37,200	16,200	36,800	44,000	30,800	33,200	40,800	28,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	340	175	160	275	150	125	21,241,445	10,932,825	10,308,625	410	225	185
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,000	64,000	50,000	32,800	42,000	24,000	38,000	44,400	32,800	30,600	35,600	28,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	395	200	195	495	215	280	23,196,815	10,876,635	12,320,175	410	215	190
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	2,320	990	6,400	9,900	1,900	16,000	4,240	1,960	6,450	1,050	930	4,040
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	25	10	15	25	10	20	2,428,800	1,182,025	1,246,770	45	15	30
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,400	x	x	5,840	x	x	5,720	5,560	5,960	7,100	x	8,300
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	440	205	235	580	270	310	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,670	505	285	230
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	420	195	230	540	245	295	28,599,665	13,976,240	14,623,425	475	260	215
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	81,200	99,000	66,000	33,400	40,800	27,200	52,350	61,250	43,800	38,600	44,400	31,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	420	195	230	540	245	295	28,618,280	13,979,265	14,639,015	475	260	215
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	64,800	77,500	54,400	30,000	36,000	25,000	42,920	49,000	37,160	34,600	39,600	28,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	405	185	220	380	200	175	25,709,140	12,829,990	12,879,155	450	255	195
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	78,400	97,000	62,400	34,800	40,800	27,800	51,040	60,800	41,320	35,800	43,200	26,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	335	165	170	280	155	125	21,242,575	10,934,760	10,307,815	410	235	175
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	77,600	92,000	64,000	43,200	49,000	35,500	50,560	58,800	41,800	36,000	41,600	28,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	345	160	185	525	240	285	23,191,860	10,869,800	12,322,065	440	240	200
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,040	7,100	7,000	9,600	8,100	10,800	7,950	6,990	8,800	4,680	2,380	7,450
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	0	0	0	25	20	0	2,430,165	1,181,385	1,248,780	60	0	50
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	...	...	...	6,800	8,000	...	7,560	6,880	8,210	8,800	...	9,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	440	205	240	580	275	310	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	505	280	225
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	170	105	65	120	85	30	9,831,805	5,446,500	4,385,305	180	135	45
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	88,000	118,000	80,000	46,400	50,800	x	60,000	66,000	53,600	55,600	56,400	39,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	111,000	126,000	88,000	61,000	62,000	56,000	73,200	81,900	62,250	49,200	51,000	42,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	115	40	75	125	55	75	7,934,985	3,759,675	4,175,305	160	75	85
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	45,200	35,200	55,200	32,400	38,800	23,600	24,200	28,000	21,800	24,400	24,400	18,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	51,000	48,000	52,000	35,000	42,000	30,000	35,200	41,280	29,720	29,800	33,000	27,200
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	93.0	94.0	92.0	72.5	80.0	62.0	87.6	91.2	83.0	89.0	96.0	78.0
Employment income (%)	75.5	78.0	72.0	66.0	76.0	54.0	71.8	75.0	67.2	80.0	84.0	73.0
Government transfers (%)	7.2	5.9	8.6	27.6	19.2	38.5	12.3	8.9	16.9	11.2	4.9	22.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	x	x	x	1.0	1.2	x	1.2	1.0	1.6	2.8	x	6.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	240	...	...	415	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	190	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	33,200	...	...	84,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	31,200	...	...	73,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	55	...	...	285	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,400	...	...	25,000	...	...	41,600	...	...	39,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...	25,000	...	...	37,200	...	...	36,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	185	...	...	130	...	...	10,582,930	...	...	165	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	74,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	68,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	235	...	...	430	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	180	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	142,000	...	...	46,400	...	...	106,300	...	...	111,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	41,800	...	...	87,700	...	...	99,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	300	...	...	4,394,500	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	34,400	...	...	53,350	...	...	40,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...	31,200	...	...	44,360	...	...	36,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	155	...	...	135	...	...	10,584,445	...	...	155	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	180,000	...	...	73,000	...	...	128,200	...	...	122,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...	65,000	...	...	105,700	...	...	108,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	240	...	...	415	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	190	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	10	...	...	165,175	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	91,750	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	178,475	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	274,140	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	115	...	...	637,695	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	40	...	...	505,875	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	20	...	...	488,735	...	...	0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...	30	...	...	560,950	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	572,650	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	559,155	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	25	...	...	1,093,185	...	...	5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	1,044,715	...	...	5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	986,460	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	921,205	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	844,835	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	140	...	...	45	...	...	6,053,945	...	...	100	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	20	...	...	1,753,485	...	...	35	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	30	...	...	10	...	...	1,283,445	...	...	30	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	30	...	...	15	...	...	1,545,935	...	...	30	...	...
$200,000 and over	55	...	...	5	...	...	1,471,075	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	240	...	...	415	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	190	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	10	...	...	186,735	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	95,195	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	183,430	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	289,545	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	120	...	...	681,900	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	55	...	...	589,110	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	20	...	...	582,275	...	...	0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	35	...	...	666,675	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	676,995	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	655,100	...	...	0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	1,285,425	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	1,223,830	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	25	...	...	1,137,840	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	1,039,375	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	911,515	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	125	...	...	35	...	...	4,773,995	...	...	75	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	40	...	...	20	...	...	1,757,035	...	...	35	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	1,152,855	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 and over	65	...	...	5	...	...	1,864,100	...	...	25	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	185	...	...	115	...	...	10,117,305	...	...	160	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...	72,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	65,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.4	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	80	...	...	75	...	...	3,929,500	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	53,200	...	...	91,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	50,400	...	...	79,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	70	...	...	20	...	...	4,311,315	...	...	105	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	178,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	136,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	153,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.4	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	15	...	...	1,547,920	...	...	15	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	x	...	...	70,000	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	x	...	...	64,000	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	65	35	30	320	135	185	5,922,660	2,927,295	2,995,365	65	45	25
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,800	62,400	45,600	25,400	31,600	24,800	38,400	40,000	36,800	39,600	41,600	39,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,400	55,600	43,200	25,200	30,200	24,800	34,800	36,000	33,600	36,800	36,800	36,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	145	...	...	115	...	...	10,113,100	...	...	145	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	176,000	...	...	69,000	...	...	128,600	...	...	118,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	62,000	...	...	105,600	...	...	106,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	75	...	...	3,926,040	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	148,000	...	...	68,000	...	...	112,500	...	...	...	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	62,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	25	...	...	4,318,755	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	210,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	160,600	...	...	120,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	165,000	...	...	64,000	...	...	130,600	...	...	108,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	0	...	...	1,539,580	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	...	...	...	82,300	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	x	...	...	71,800	...	...	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	115	45	70	355	150	205	5,916,895	2,916,490	3,000,405	80	60	20
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	61,000	70,000	54,000	35,000	39,000	32,000	49,440	52,050	46,880	39,000	38,000	44,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,000	58,000	46,000	31,700	34,500	29,800	41,560	43,080	40,120	34,000	33,000	40,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	595	300	300	590	270	325	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,250	655	340	315
0 to 17 years	120	55	65	45	25	15	7,196,545	3,696,540	3,500,005	175	85	90
0 to 5 years	40	25	15	25	15	15	2,225,085	1,140,315	1,084,775	95	45	50
18 to 64 years	335	170	165	320	165	150	22,545,065	11,159,405	11,385,665	450	240	210
65 years and over	145	70	70	225	75	150	6,586,865	3,081,285	3,505,580	30	20	15
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	40	15	25	225	80	150	4,016,065	1,881,305	2,134,765	20	10	10
0 to 17 years	10	5	10	10	10	5	854,565	439,490	415,075	5	5	0
0 to 5 years	5	0	5	5	0	5	282,315	144,250	138,065	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	15	10	10	65	35	40	2,175,755	1,050,115	1,125,640	10	5	5
65 years and over	10	5	5	150	40	110	985,745	391,695	594,050	0	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.0	5.0	8.5	38.4	29.0	46.0	11.1	10.5	11.6	2.8	2.8	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	12.0	x	16.0	24.0	20.0	25.0	11.9	11.9	11.9	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	25.0	x	x	12.7	12.7	12.7	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	6.0	6.0	6.0	21.0	19.0	24.0	9.7	9.4	9.9	2.8	2.5	3.0
65 years and over (%)	6.0	x	8.0	65.0	54.0	71.0	15.0	12.7	16.9	x	x	x
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	600	295	300	590	270	320	35,837,970	17,691,535	18,146,440	655	340	315
0 to 17 years	120	50	70	40	30	15	7,043,545	3,618,040	3,425,505	175	85	85
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	25	15	10	2,175,935	1,115,010	1,060,925	95	45	50
18 to 64 years	340	175	165	320	170	155	22,262,940	11,019,070	11,243,865	450	240	215
65 years and over	145	75	70	230	75	155	6,531,490	3,054,420	3,477,065	30	15	15
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	20	5	15	75	40	40	1,863,335	950,150	913,180	10	5	0
0 to 17 years	5	0	5	5	0	5	319,545	164,490	155,060	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	5	0	5	99,435	50,875	48,560	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	15	5	5	45	25	25	1,344,640	702,660	641,975	5	5	0
65 years and over	0	0	5	20	10	10	199,155	83,010	116,145	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.4	2.5	4.0	12.4	14.0	11.0	5.2	5.4	5.0	1.2	2.0	x
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	4.5	4.6	4.5	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	4.6	4.6	4.6	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	3.6	3.0	4.0	15.2	14.0	16.0	6.0	6.4	5.7	1.2	2.5	x
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	9.0	14.0	7.0	3.1	2.7	3.3	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	600	300	300	590	270	320	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,250	655	340	315
In bottom half of the distribution	185	90	100	485	210	270	18,164,550	8,775,210	9,389,345	385	195	190
In bottom decile	30	15	15	130	50	85	3,632,735	1,759,660	1,873,070	25	15	5
In second decile	35	10	25	180	70	115	3,632,975	1,695,310	1,937,660	55	25	30
In third decile	40	15	20	55	30	25	3,632,895	1,752,160	1,880,735	100	55	45
In fourth decile	45	25	20	60	30	30	3,632,745	1,775,535	1,857,210	115	60	60
In fifth decile	40	20	20	45	25	20	3,633,205	1,792,540	1,840,670	80	40	45
In top half of the distribution	415	210	205	110	60	50	18,163,925	9,162,020	9,001,900	275	150	125
In sixth decile	40	20	25	25	20	10	3,632,910	1,810,370	1,822,535	70	40	35
In seventh decile	60	35	25	20	10	10	3,632,765	1,819,535	1,813,230	65	35	25
In eighth decile	75	40	40	20	5	10	3,632,555	1,829,025	1,803,530	80	40	40
In ninth decile	90	50	45	20	15	5	3,632,930	1,841,520	1,791,415	45	20	20
In top decile	145	70	70	25	10	15	3,632,765	1,861,575	1,771,195	0	0	0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	600	...	...	590	...	...	36,328,475	...	...	655	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.354	...	...	0.344	...	...	0.347	...	...	0.207	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.434	...	...	0.612	...	...	0.462	...	...	0.293	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.305	...	...	0.308	...	...	0.302	...	...	0.190	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.7	...	...	3.3	...	...	3.8	...	...	2.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	600	295	300	590	270	320	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	655	340	315
English only	545	270	275	450	210	240	25,261,655	12,620,855	12,640,800	590	315	280
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,087,895	1,914,500	2,173,390	5	0	0
English and French	50	20	25	45	25	20	6,581,680	3,244,350	3,337,330	20	15	5
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	95	30	60	689,725	284,170	405,555	45	15	30
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	600	295	300	590	270	320	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	655	340	315
English	580	290	290	475	225	255	27,643,140	13,696,115	13,947,025	600	320	280
French	10	5	5	20	15	5	7,828,545	3,854,435	3,974,110	10	5	0
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	0	476,175	237,635	238,535	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	95	30	60	673,100	275,685	397,420	40	15	30
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	600	295	300	590	270	320	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	655	340	315
Single responses	585	290	300	530	240	290	35,145,265	17,344,665	17,800,600	580	305	275
Official languages	520	265	255	265	130	130	27,296,445	13,583,930	13,712,510	185	90	90
English	510	255	250	245	120	125	20,107,200	10,036,360	10,070,835	175	85	90
French	10	5	5	15	10	5	7,189,245	3,547,565	3,641,675	5	10	0
Non-official languages	70	25	40	270	110	160	7,848,820	3,760,725	4,088,090	400	215	185
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	148,895	71,630	77,265	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	97,125	46,545	50,580	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,180	1,340	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	67,665	32,715	34,950	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,500	2,825	2,670	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,070	25,645	27,430	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	85	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	300	280	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,460	1,675	1,785	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,475	1,075	1,395	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,025	2,345	2,675	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,850	1,370	1,480	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,535	18,810	19,725	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,465	3,930	4,535	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	310	315	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,155	2,415	2,745	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,910	2,290	2,620	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,775	10,230	11,550	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	865	400	460	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,310	4,525	4,790	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,605	5,300	6,300	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	235	235	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	850	1,030	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,185	4,190	4,995	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,885	6,200	6,680	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,785	6,155	6,630	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	280	340	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	60	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,060	3,865	4,190	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	105	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,505	755	755	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	195	200	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	120	150	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	440	400	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	65	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	725	670	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	5	30	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	210	255	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	40	85	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	15	55	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	65	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,790	16,480	17,315	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	220	340	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	140	200	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	85	140	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,200	16,240	16,955	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	150	205	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	115	155	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	30	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	220	265	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	520	575	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	95	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	100	80	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	125	140	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	40	50	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	80	105	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	485	555	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	25	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	245	315	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	190	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	515	515	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	590	300	290	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	155	170	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	60	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	385	385	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	55	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	95	130	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	100	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	70	25	40	270	110	160	7,699,925	3,689,100	4,010,830	400	215	185
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5	698,355	359,625	338,730	15	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,490	14,715	12,775	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,760	13,130	11,625	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,340	1,365	975	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	225	170	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,985	1,085	905	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	740	570	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	340	335	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	510	505	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,410	23,275	26,135	5	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,020	1,085	935	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,905	3,015	2,890	5	5	5
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,730	18,775	21,955	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	755	400	350	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5	618,450	320,045	298,405	5	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,685	12,090	13,600	5	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	15	5	5	508,410	265,350	243,060	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,690	13,465	14,220	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,220	8,320	8,900	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,860	4,335	4,525	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	805	795	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	550	675	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,495	10,505	8,995	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,425	2,080	2,340	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,075	15,775	15,300	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	235	220	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	10	0	10	192,985	87,230	105,750	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,525	8,820	10,705	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	10	0	10	173,000	78,180	94,820	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	230	225	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	5	15	0	15	565,375	238,875	326,500	30	20	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,115	940	1,180	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,215	3,425	4,790	5	5	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,945	7,800	11,145	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	325	280	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,690	3,900	5,795	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,520	14,140	19,380	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,910	4,990	6,920	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,100	465	640	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	275	395	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,085	990	1,090	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	580	670	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	415	425	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	570	760	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,615	2,635	2,980	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,050	900	1,150	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	10	0	15	461,150	194,805	266,345	30	15	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,625	690	935	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,740	2,035	2,705	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,235	35,650	42,580	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,435	23,355	29,085	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	315	290	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	365	435	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,125	3,015	3,110	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	280	300	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,550	7,325	8,230	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,135	1,000	1,140	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	5	5	244,165	125,180	118,990	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,240	3,215	3,020	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,050	29,375	24,670	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	152,850	75,010	77,845	5	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	5	30,045	17,095	12,950	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	310	305	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	170	195	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,180	1,175	1,005	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	265	305	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	15	15	75	35	40	4,124,860	2,018,340	2,106,520	325	180	150
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,265	14,690	14,580	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,720	16,335	17,385	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	5	10	5	5	648,810	297,100	351,710	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,560	4,425	6,135	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,430	1,875	2,555	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,130	2,555	3,580	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	5	10	5	5	638,250	292,670	345,580	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	325	395	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,035	9,090	9,950	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,025	9,215	10,815	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,795	7,075	7,720	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	5	5	0	0	160,170	72,120	88,050	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	197,905	89,100	108,800	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	240	255	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0	116,735	56,900	59,835	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,820	6,785	7,040	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,500	20,755	22,740	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	5	0	0	0	57,425	28,410	29,015	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,995	945	1,045	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,255	6,930	8,320	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,965	3,425	4,535	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	84,705	38,005	46,695	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	235	205	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,150	1,110	1,045	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	355	315	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	210	210	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	825	410	420	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	5	5	0	463,400	221,365	242,035	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	800	775	0	0	0
High German languages	10	5	5	5	5	0	301,570	142,580	158,990	0	0	0
German	10	5	5	5	5	0	272,865	128,250	144,615	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,065	4,530	4,540	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,575	3,740	3,835	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,060	6,060	6,005	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,655	67,815	70,840	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,270	6,175	6,095	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,315	39,000	41,310	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,670	4,255	4,420	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	650	625	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,200	16,410	16,785	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,935	1,325	1,605	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,275	9,500	10,775	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,945	4,750	5,195	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	430	480	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,535	1,675	1,860	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,645	3,245	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	670	660	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	93,335	45,860	47,470	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	45	25	20	1,659,505	847,400	812,105	325	175	150
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	40	25	20	1,358,645	697,075	661,575	320	170	145
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	265	280	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,580	45,160	42,425	5	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,985	73,335	65,655	20	10	5
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	5	152,825	79,585	73,240	15	5	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,930	3,100	3,830	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	745	395	350	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,425	1,675	1,745	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	5	14,145	7,330	6,810	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,425	11,920	11,510	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,775	940	835	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,125	615	510	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	325	320	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	5	0	666,585	341,515	325,065	260	140	120
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	265	280	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	5	3,985	2,070	1,915	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,000	8,895	9,110	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	0	235,290	118,540	116,755	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,865	2,085	1,780	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	300,555	150,160	150,390	5	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	305	250	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,485	8,770	7,715	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	310	240	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,520	10,170	9,355	5	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	262,625	130,180	132,440	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,220	28,070	29,155	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	179,425	89,070	90,360	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,975	13,040	12,930	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	425	390	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	165	140	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	20	5	10	1,194,290	574,295	619,995	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	470	440	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	319,505	154,295	165,205	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	0	5	240,680	115,235	125,450	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	93,160	44,185	48,975	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	5	5	538,870	259,500	279,375	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,165	610	550	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	195	185	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,850	14,205	29,650	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	0	0	170,400	77,075	93,325	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,850	800	1,050	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	108,295	52,850	55,440	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,120	6,400	6,720	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,855	1,000	860	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,685	745	940	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	1,030	920	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,520	1,825	1,695	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	400	415	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,890	885	1,010	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	320	440	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	2,720	2,460	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,380	3,365	4,015	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,260	1,925	2,335	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	245	275	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	515	260	260	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	365	325	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	420	500	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,660	4,035	4,625	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	1,665	1,940	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	315	190	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	200	320	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,000	7,630	8,370	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	495	535	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,890	2,605	2,285	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,015	7,605	7,410	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,000	6,405	6,590	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,920	3,565	3,355	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	1,000	865	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	515	570	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,395	1,745	1,645	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	305	270	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,955	3,710	3,250	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,635	2,335	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	990	520	465	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	555	450	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	130	50	80	1,309,825	602,025	707,800	10	5	5
Chinese languages	10	5	5	130	50	80	1,292,640	593,580	699,055	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,765	4,420	5,345	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	45	20	30	679,255	310,750	368,510	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	665	645	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,805	12,415	15,390	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,880	3,995	4,880	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	75	25	45	553,380	255,540	297,835	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5	11,610	5,500	6,110	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	630	295	330	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,600	8,160	8,445	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,305	1,590	1,710	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	400	475	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,520	2,240	2,275	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,900	1,940	1,960	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	305	315	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,025	3,475	3,545	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	445	440	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	285	295	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,350	8,605	13,745	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,485	5,475	6,010	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,455	2,960	7,495	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	165	240	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,520	28,385	25,135	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,490	2,460	2,030	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	540	230	305	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,190	23,615	20,570	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	660	690	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,805	890	920	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	530	620	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	68,180	31,000	37,180	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,485	1,945	2,535	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,200	5,075	7,120	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0	0	0	51,500	23,980	27,525	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,060	540	520	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	5	10	60	30	30	1,475,690	719,210	756,480	75	40	40
English and French	5	5	0	5	5	0	291,325	142,420	148,905	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	45	20	20	921,480	450,685	470,800	70	40	35
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	117,910	57,875	60,040	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,880	25,900	26,975	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	92,095	42,330	49,765	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	600	295	300	590	270	320	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	655	340	315
English	540	265	270	275	140	135	20,920,835	10,420,570	10,500,270	175	90	90
French	0	0	0	0	5	5	6,456,960	3,188,280	3,268,685	0	0	0
Non-official language	10	10	5	135	45	85	2,402,180	1,139,865	1,262,315	170	85	90
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,460	25,385	25,080	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	10	5	135	45	85	2,351,720	1,114,475	1,237,240	170	85	90
English and French	0	0	5	15	5	5	953,760	465,560	488,205	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	25	135	60	75	4,835,815	2,350,245	2,485,570	280	150	125
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	395,320	188,195	207,125	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	5	5	5	455,760	217,995	237,770	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	30	15	10	200,320	93,165	107,155	20	15	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	600	295	300	590	270	320	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	655	340	315
Single responses	585	290	295	550	245	300	35,057,615	17,305,575	17,752,035	600	310	290
Official languages	565	280	285	325	160	160	30,421,050	15,070,205	15,350,850	255	125	130
English	560	275	280	325	160	160	23,376,200	11,588,715	11,787,485	255	125	125
French	0	0	0	0	5	5	7,044,855	3,481,490	3,563,365	0	0	0
Non-official languages	20	10	10	225	85	140	4,636,560	2,235,370	2,401,190	340	180	160
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	85,835	42,950	42,885	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,135	25,010	25,120	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	495	480	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,255	19,165	19,090	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,345	2,285	2,060	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,700	13,425	13,270	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	30	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	300	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,545	1,225	1,315	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	305	360	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,455	730	725	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	830	430	405	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,585	10,400	10,180	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,710	3,190	3,520	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	260	245	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,650	1,250	1,395	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,595	1,225	1,365	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,250	4,100	4,155	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	105	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,540	2,305	2,235	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,480	1,685	1,800	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	200	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,925	1,405	1,515	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,260	3,675	3,585	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,230	3,655	3,575	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	100	125	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,255	2,610	2,650	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	390	315	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	110	95	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	220	175	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	755	420	335	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	85	75	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,295	13,695	13,600	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	65	80	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,140	13,625	13,520	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	130	130	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	40	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	110	130	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	65	60	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	55	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	115	105	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	65	55	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	40	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	20	10	10	225	85	140	4,550,725	2,192,420	2,358,305	340	180	160
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	395,840	197,010	198,830	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,295	5,940	5,355	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,180	5,325	4,850	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	455	380	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	155	130	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	425	410	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	330	305	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	95	105	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	265	280	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,375	14,115	16,260	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,645	890	760	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,890	1,935	1,960	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,410	11,075	13,335	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	215	205	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	352,790	176,270	176,520	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,030	6,470	7,565	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	5	0	5	285,915	143,650	142,260	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,740	9,940	10,800	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,935	6,150	6,785	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,585	3,185	3,400	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	605	615	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	305	380	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,515	4,355	4,160	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	360	435	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,860	11,050	10,810	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	135	115	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	10	0	10	127,730	58,660	69,070	15	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,650	4,765	5,880	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	10	0	10	116,785	53,735	63,055	15	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	5	10	0	5	326,245	149,550	176,700	35	15	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	370	395	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,125	1,895	2,230	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,195	4,720	5,480	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	110	85	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,015	2,265	2,750	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,350	8,350	10,000	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,150	1,985	2,170	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	265	320	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	150	170	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	370	355	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	170	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	205	190	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	145	140	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,030	1,435	1,590	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	310	375	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	5	10	0	5	275,045	125,870	149,170	35	15	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	325	360	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,100	1,000	1,105	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,195	15,455	19,740	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,610	9,620	12,990	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	125	175	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	150	210	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,640	1,760	1,880	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	135	160	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,120	3,275	3,845	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	395	475	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	169,705	85,265	84,440	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,060	1,575	1,485	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,390	19,010	16,380	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	0	112,335	54,240	58,095	5	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	5	18,470	10,215	8,250	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	120	120	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	105	105	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,335	730	610	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	105	120	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	5	0	65	30	30	2,264,155	1,111,775	1,152,380	275	150	125
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,110	7,005	7,100	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,970	10,415	11,550	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5	303,480	143,495	159,985	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,495	1,120	1,380	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	395	485	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	720	895	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5	300,985	142,375	158,610	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,315	5,005	5,310	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,680	2,705	2,980	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,105	2,880	3,225	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,140	30,225	34,915	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125,780	59,290	66,490	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	155	135	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,150	25,720	27,430	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	3,135	3,345	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,925	6,965	7,960	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,110	15,310	15,800	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	640	315	325	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,015	2,410	2,605	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	595	785	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,825	13,250	14,580	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	295	265	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	165	145	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	55	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140,450	68,575	71,875	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	110	155	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	103,780	50,460	53,325	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,820	41,815	45,005	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,270	3,640	3,630	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,750	870	875	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,950	4,140	3,810	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,710	16,730	16,980	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,095	3,055	3,035	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,100	3,950	4,150	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,480	2,485	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	240	245	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,845	6,895	6,945	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	100	120	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	920	1,020	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	280	340	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	75	95	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	435	450	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	355	390	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,300	17,490	20,810	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	50	30	25	1,167,370	590,435	576,930	275	150	120
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	50	30	25	962,820	490,815	472,000	270	150	120
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	110	110	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,750	28,435	28,315	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	92,005	47,790	44,215	15	15	0
Hindi	0	0	0	20	15	5	91,930	47,555	44,375	15	5	5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,055	1,310	1,750	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	130	140	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	415	470	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	5	7,460	3,800	3,660	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,835	8,595	8,235	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	420	375	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	275	250	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	145	130	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	5	5	520,390	266,775	253,610	230	125	105
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	195	215	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,110	1,060	1,050	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,665	4,775	4,890	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	0	158,040	78,420	79,615	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,015	1,040	975	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	204,420	99,545	104,875	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	170	155	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,380	5,245	5,135	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	130	150	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,215	6,670	6,545	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	179,745	87,075	92,670	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,190	17,395	18,795	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125,840	61,060	64,780	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,715	8,620	9,095	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	250	225	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	0	10	5	10	577,735	273,965	303,770	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	185	190	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	92,755	38,750	54,005	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	118,730	56,685	62,045	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,090	23,135	24,955	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	5	5	5	317,365	155,005	162,360	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	210	220	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	95	95	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,055	8,290	11,765	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	0	0	125,525	58,250	67,275	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	505	545	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,600	18,055	20,545	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,000	2,755	3,240	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	280	280	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	150	215	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	225	245	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	665	650	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	115	150	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	260	295	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,530	770	765	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	1,205	1,520	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,520	655	860	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	60	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	130	160	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,780	1,760	2,025	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	480	555	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	145	85	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	45	85	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,055	3,290	3,765	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	130	160	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	1,040	910	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,395	2,505	2,890	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	1,250	1,470	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,155	1,555	1,600	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	485	420	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	295	355	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,465	705	760	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	75	70	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,160	7,005	5,160	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,175	4,660	3,515	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	830	645	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,515	1,000	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	0	120	45	75	967,965	450,210	517,755	0	0	0
Chinese languages	5	5	0	120	45	75	955,685	444,115	511,565	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,625	1,645	1,985	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	45	15	25	530,945	249,675	281,270	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	370	405	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,945	6,255	7,685	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,750	2,705	3,050	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0	70	25	40	393,430	180,000	213,435	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5	6,985	3,360	3,625	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	110	115	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,990	5,960	6,035	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,075	1,010	1,070	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	320	340	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,400	1,725	1,675	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,960	1,500	1,460	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	225	210	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,395	2,680	2,705	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	225	240	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	135	155	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,120	4,660	5,460	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,955	2,850	3,105	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,955	1,725	2,230	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	85	125	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,490	16,530	15,960	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,200	1,095	1,105	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	50	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,970	14,290	13,685	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	420	435	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	470	480	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	195	210	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	18,790	8,625	10,165	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	245	370	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	825	1,050	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0	0	0	16,295	7,550	8,745	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	195	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	5	5	40	20	25	1,563,345	758,295	805,045	60	35	25
English and French	0	0	0	10	0	5	230,955	112,070	118,880	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	35	15	15	1,123,355	546,255	577,095	55	35	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	125,525	60,405	65,125	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,805	27,370	29,430	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,705	12,190	14,515	5	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	600	295	300	590	270	320	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,085	655	345	315
None	570	285	280	445	205	240	31,053,450	15,366,470	15,686,980	395	205	195
English	5	0	0	50	25	30	1,956,965	969,380	987,580	125	70	55
French	5	0	5	5	5	5	571,040	268,530	302,510	0	0	0
Non-official language	20	10	10	70	35	30	2,248,130	1,071,870	1,176,260	85	45	40
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,565	29,285	34,280	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10	70	35	30	2,184,565	1,042,590	1,141,975	85	45	40
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,185	42,600	43,585	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	0	10	323,845	161,995	161,850	25	15	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	134,565	61,575	72,995	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,870	5,975	5,895	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	234,905	115,470	119,430	10	5	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	570	260	305	610	285	320	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,310	645	375	270
Official languages	570	260	305	530	260	270	35,644,660	17,656,300	17,988,360	580	345	235
English	570	260	305	530	260	270	31,628,570	15,769,105	15,859,470	580	345	235
French	75	25	50	30	20	10	10,563,235	5,115,365	5,447,875	0	0	0
Non-official languages	85	40	45	390	180	215	10,724,700	5,156,300	5,568,400	595	345	250
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	243,155	116,360	126,795	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	163,815	78,135	85,675	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,680	3,120	3,560	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105,850	50,975	54,870	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,815	3,455	3,360	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,875	42,340	45,530	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	220	200	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	450	445	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,880	2,320	2,555	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,675	2,025	2,645	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,005	5,440	6,555	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,110	2,460	2,650	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,000	29,930	31,070	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,745	4,935	5,805	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	515	525	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,035	4,770	5,260	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,245	4,370	4,880	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	420	400	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,865	20,015	22,850	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	895	1,060	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,305	7,450	7,855	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,160	11,930	14,235	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,035	875	1,165	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	80	135	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,625	1,670	1,955	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,720	9,495	11,225	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	100	65	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,390	9,635	10,755	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,135	9,515	10,620	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	680	870	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	125	145	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,560	5,470	6,085	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	115	180	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,330	1,140	1,190	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	355	420	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	195	215	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	620	590	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	265	220	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	130	115	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	140	100	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,140	1,080	1,060	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	40	95	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	400	470	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	75	100	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	120	190	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	50	85	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	50	85	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	140	150	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	75	75	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	90	155	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,795	20,980	21,820	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	505	630	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	365	430	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	145	205	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,680	20,495	21,185	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,055	880	1,175	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	95	135	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,605	655	950	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	105	110	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	25	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	90	120	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	850	1,050	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,305	2,555	2,755	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	670	745	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	285	305	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	300	215	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	510	580	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	135	185	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	320	390	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	190	175	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,465	1,495	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	195	175	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,530	715	810	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	925	470	455	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	180	140	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,665	1,335	1,335	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	555	580	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	595	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	210	255	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,205	1,010	1,200	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	145	145	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	170	170	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	355	465	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	315	390	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	310	335	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	405	450	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	85	40	45	390	180	215	10,485,595	5,041,770	5,443,825	595	345	250
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10	1,100,035	565,845	534,195	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,835	22,775	20,060	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,415	19,660	17,755	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,735	2,720	2,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	750	575	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,090	3,740	3,350	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,080	2,695	2,380	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	1,040	965	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,790	1,900	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	71,930	34,430	37,500	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,745	1,490	1,260	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,635	4,860	4,780	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,005	27,735	31,270	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,400	760	645	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10	1,015,485	524,700	490,780	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,305	23,910	24,395	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	20	15	10	838,045	436,510	401,540	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,655	19,690	19,965	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,865	11,765	12,100	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,285	6,625	6,655	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,195	1,625	1,570	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,000	925	1,075	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,205	42,515	40,685	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,535	3,080	3,450	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,970	23,120	22,845	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,760	1,065	695	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20	260,030	120,035	139,995	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,390	13,100	15,290	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	30	10	20	232,800	107,435	125,355	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	455	455	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	20	0	20	793,275	336,445	456,840	75	40	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,260	1,975	2,275	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,990	4,625	6,375	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,045	13,790	19,250	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	900	865	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,385	6,650	9,735	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,680	25,280	36,400	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,815	8,895	10,915	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	770	1,175	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	345	510	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,885	1,960	1,920	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,355	1,215	1,140	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,565	785	780	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,770	4,995	5,775	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,555	4,690	5,865	15	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,455	1,885	2,575	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	20	0	20	737,565	310,735	426,830	75	40	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,520	1,910	2,610	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,140	8,785	11,355	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	184,840	85,045	99,790	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	134,895	61,215	73,680	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,675	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	870	1,090	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,345	7,620	7,725	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,535	785	750	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,220	14,400	16,825	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,585	4,575	5,005	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	85	50	35	359,485	185,160	174,325	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,420	9,660	8,760	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,910	42,025	35,890	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	55	30	25	237,890	119,570	118,320	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	35	20	10	54,685	30,575	24,110	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	935	835	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	450	520	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,015	1,565	1,445	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	365	360	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	30	30	110	55	55	5,849,775	2,867,575	2,982,195	490	290	200
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,345	19,410	18,935	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,500	21,675	22,825	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	10	0	0	820,305	384,390	435,915	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,890	5,900	7,985	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,020	2,595	3,425	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,895	3,325	4,570	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	10	0	0	809,985	380,025	429,960	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,825	1,185	1,640	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,210	11,805	12,400	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,625	13,595	15,030	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,015	10,965	12,050	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	204,460	94,135	110,325	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	309,235	145,375	163,860	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	345	330	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,775	76,800	78,975	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,380	12,555	12,825	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,845	36,015	37,830	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,735	41,550	42,185	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,085	1,590	1,500	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,905	9,455	11,450	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,650	4,715	5,935	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	131,655	59,230	72,425	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	385	385	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,485	5,430	5,055	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,360	2,940	2,415	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	1,050	1,120	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	1,015	1,155	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	495	415	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	15	10	10	10	0	658,705	319,800	338,905	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,835	1,480	1,350	0	0	0
High German languages	10	10	0	10	10	0	453,995	222,215	231,780	0	0	0
German	10	10	0	10	10	0	419,195	204,840	214,355	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,565	5,260	5,305	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,465	5,025	5,440	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,155	10,105	10,045	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	191,840	93,435	98,405	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,670	15,335	14,335	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	107,985	51,330	56,650	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,555	5,245	5,315	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	640	670	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,165	20,590	20,575	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,985	1,825	2,155	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,500	17,205	20,300	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,700	6,805	7,900	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	685	790	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,860	4,180	4,675	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,620	6,765	7,855	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	720	555	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	145,060	71,685	73,375	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	60	35	25	2,263,825	1,162,830	1,100,990	485	285	200
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	55	30	25	1,918,570	989,350	929,220	475	280	195
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,155	590	565	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	120,605	62,330	58,270	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	209,415	110,000	99,405	25	20	10
Hindi	0	0	0	35	20	15	761,425	395,410	366,015	85	40	40
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,085	6,785	8,300	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	965	865	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,950	4,300	4,645	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	10	20	35,230	18,210	17,020	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,660	15,680	14,980	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,235	1,665	1,570	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,710	925	785	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	755	795	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	942,170	488,075	454,090	405	235	170
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	345	420	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,385	4,480	3,910	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,050	16,645	16,400	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	414,870	211,895	202,975	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,320	6,280	5,040	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370,520	186,750	183,770	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	565	420	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,035	13,005	11,030	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	535	470	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,695	16,810	14,885	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	326,285	163,665	162,620	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,220	38,765	39,460	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	222,160	111,750	110,415	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,345	15,460	14,880	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	970	855	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,135	1,245	895	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	10	30	10	20	2,054,885	975,310	1,079,575	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,855	1,560	1,305	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	547,655	263,950	283,705	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	336,865	164,985	171,880	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,520	55,570	60,950	0	0	0
Spanish	30	15	10	20	0	15	1,171,450	548,315	623,135	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,890	2,835	2,060	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,965	1,025	940	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,070	43,380	54,690	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	203,885	92,275	111,605	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,545	1,085	1,455	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	267,520	131,495	136,025	20	15	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,240	12,585	13,660	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,950	2,570	2,380	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,945	2,315	2,630	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,645	2,490	2,165	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,840	4,100	3,740	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,255	1,565	1,685	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,650	2,055	2,600	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,850	750	1,100	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,365	9,345	9,020	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,515	6,305	7,210	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,720	12,260	13,460	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,695	1,300	1,395	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,085	1,055	1,035	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,080	585	490	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,140	1,285	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,825	7,070	7,755	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,280	3,440	3,845	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	650	360	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,305	580	725	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,295	28,950	28,340	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,440	1,380	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,940	6,925	6,015	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,935	25,265	25,675	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,625	21,935	21,685	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,090	5,570	5,530	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,815	1,470	1,345	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	685	805	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,815	3,425	3,385	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	1,485	1,275	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,535	19,685	29,850	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,620	14,430	23,195	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,195	2,525	3,670	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,450	3,515	3,940	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	145	55	85	1,550,930	721,520	829,410	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	145	55	85	1,528,860	710,700	818,160	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,830	6,845	7,980	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	75	30	45	987,300	452,995	534,305	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,825	840	980	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,755	22,840	28,920	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,660	6,060	7,600	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	95	45	55	724,925	335,185	389,740	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,720	5,695	6,020	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,185	560	625	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,300	10,955	11,345	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,935	2,910	3,025	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	520	620	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,705	2,790	2,915	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,030	2,490	2,545	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	395	450	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,160	4,565	4,590	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	890	1,050	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	540	680	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,705	14,255	19,440	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,630	8,320	9,310	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,575	6,955	11,615	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	330	465	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,375	47,575	43,800	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,875	5,380	4,490	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	600	815	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,500	41,130	37,365	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,660	790	875	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,290	1,645	1,640	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,150	980	1,165	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85,055	39,290	45,765	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,315	2,320	2,990	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,325	6,735	8,590	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,625	30,320	34,300	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,545	2,750	2,790	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	565	265	300	610	290	325	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	645	370	270
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	35	10	25	1,807,250	877,645	929,605	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	30	10	20	1,743,165	847,385	895,785	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	20	0	15	1,048,405	506,515	541,890	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	15	0	10	624,220	306,220	318,000	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70,540	34,645	35,895	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,855	13,645	15,215	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,225	16,620	18,610	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	560	265	300	575	280	295	34,521,230	17,059,520	17,461,710	640	365	270
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	565	265	300	610	290	325	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	645	370	270
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	10	0	0	831,720	402,310	429,405	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	560	265	300	605	285	315	35,496,755	17,534,850	17,961,905	640	365	270
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	235	...	...	430	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	180	...	...
Owner	220	...	...	85	...	...	9,955,975	...	...	125	...	...
Renter	15	...	...	350	...	...	4,953,840	...	...	60	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	69,130	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	235	...	...	430	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	180	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	280	...	...	2,248,280	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	235	...	...	155	...	...	12,730,660	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	235	...	...	430	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	180	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	40	...	...	132,060	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	325	...	...	2,124,485	...	...	20	...	...
2 bedrooms	0	...	...	55	...	...	3,829,965	...	...	20	...	...
3 bedrooms	95	...	...	0	...	...	4,982,900	...	...	70	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	140	...	...	0	...	...	3,909,525	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	235	...	...	430	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	180	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	10	...	...	410	...	...	4,662,125	...	...	70	...	...
5 rooms	15	...	...	20	...	...	2,323,910	...	...	40	...	...
6 rooms	35	...	...	0	...	...	2,037,185	...	...	25	...	...
7 rooms	40	...	...	0	...	...	1,796,855	...	...	15	...	...
8 or more rooms	140	...	...	0	...	...	4,158,855	...	...	25	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.9	...	...	2.7	...	...	6.1	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	235	...	...	430	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	180	...	...
One person or fewer per room	235	...	...	430	...	...	14,625,230	...	...	135	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0	...	...	353,715	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	235	...	...	430	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	180	...	...
Suitable	235	...	...	405	...	...	14,173,290	...	...	140	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	30	...	...	805,650	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	235	...	...	430	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	180	...	...
1960 or before	10	...	...	25	...	...	3,027,045	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	225	...	...	310	...	...	4,171,840	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	100	...	...	1,982,515	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,805,985	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	0	...	...	959,860	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,034,925	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	0	...	...	967,540	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,029,220	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	235	...	...	430	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	180	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	220	...	...	400	...	...	14,059,395	...	...	175	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...	30	...	...	919,545	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	235	...	...	430	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	180	...	...
One-maintainer household	135	...	...	350	...	...	7,659,700	...	...	60	...	...
Two-maintainer household	100	...	...	80	...	...	6,631,755	...	...	85	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	0	...	...	687,485	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	235	...	...	430	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	180	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	20	...	...	424,695	...	...	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	15	...	...	90	...	...	2,077,895	...	...	55	...	...
35 to 44 years	55	...	...	60	...	...	2,600,000	...	...	55	...	...
45 to 54 years	55	...	...	20	...	...	2,646,945	...	...	15	...	...
55 to 64 years	30	...	...	50	...	...	3,046,560	...	...	20	...	...
65 to 74 years	40	...	...	100	...	...	2,432,140	...	...	15	...	...
75 to 84 years	15	...	...	55	...	...	1,292,805	...	...	0	...	...
85 years and over	15	...	...	30	...	...	457,900	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	235	...	...	430	...	...	14,687,350	...	...	180	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	210	...	...	265	...	...	11,612,640	...	...	125	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	20	...	...	165	...	...	3,074,715	...	...	55	...	...
30% to less than 100%	0	...	...	155	...	...	2,742,920	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	235	...	...	435	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...	205	...	...	4,379,420	...	...	90	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	20	...	...	145	...	...	2,728,995	...	...	50	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	20	...	...	595,110	...	...	30	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	20	...	...	645,465	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	10	...	...	135,770	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	10	...	...	199,355	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	64,095	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	10,630	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	200	...	...	225	...	...	10,599,520	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	220	...	...	415	...	...	14,355,555	...	...	175	...	...
In core need	0	...	...	135	...	...	1,451,025	...	...	0	...	...
Not in core need	220	...	...	280	...	...	12,904,530	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	220	...	...	90	...	...	9,807,720	...	...	120	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	54.5	...	...	61.1	...	...	60.0	...	...	91.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.1	...	...	33.3	...	...	14.8	...	...	33.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	17.6	...	...	5.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,340	...	...	980	...	...	1,240	...	...	2,380	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,570	...	...	1,040	...	...	1,498	...	...	2,400	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	552,000	...	...	210,000	...	...	472,000	...	...	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	572,000	...	...	224,000	...	...	618,500	...	...	540,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15	...	...	345	...	...	4,936,850	...	...	60	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	42.0	...	...	11.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	39.7	...	...	33.2	...	...	25.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	34.8	...	...	20.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	940	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,600	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,200	...	...	856	...	...	1,209	...	...	1,440	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	69,130	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	5.9	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	284	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	327	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	565	260	305	610	290	325	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,315	640	370	270
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	20	0	20	985,200	480,950	504,245	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	20	0	20	963,705	470,850	492,855	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	15	0	15	763,230	371,400	391,825	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	146,010	72,680	73,325	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,475	26,770	27,700	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,490	10,095	11,395	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,665	8,215	9,450	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,430	1,185	1,250	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	530	535	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	165	155	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	10	10	0	1,219,285	585,590	633,690	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	10	10	0	1,183,350	568,980	614,365	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	801,630	384,550	417,075	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	362,130	174,975	187,150	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,595	9,450	10,150	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,930	16,605	19,320	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,815	14,790	17,025	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,785	1,190	1,595	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	500	505	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	125	210	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	565	260	305	585	280	305	34,124,000	16,870,625	17,253,375	635	365	270
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	565	260	305	615	290	320	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	640	375	265
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	545	255	290	420	190	230	33,143,225	16,360,910	16,782,315	350	210	145
Canadian citizens aged under 18	135	60	80	10	0	0	6,784,875	3,486,545	3,298,330	125	85	40
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	410	200	215	415	185	230	26,358,355	12,874,365	13,483,990	230	125	105
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	20	0	15	190	100	95	3,185,250	1,576,255	1,608,995	290	165	130
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	565	260	305	615	290	320	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	640	375	265
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	470	215	255	225	115	110	27,042,120	13,461,515	13,580,610	165	115	55
Immigrants⁸¹	100	45	55	350	145	205	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,340	415	215	200
Before 1980	35	30	10	30	20	15	1,540,610	731,340	809,265	0	0	0
1980 to 1990	10	0	10	60	25	35	924,320	443,805	480,520	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	45	0	35	1,511,475	708,315	803,165	50	20	30
2001 to 2010	20	10	10	50	25	20	1,930,525	911,190	1,019,340	130	85	50
2011 to 2021⁸²	25	0	20	160	65	95	2,454,570	1,181,515	1,273,055	225	110	115
2011 to 2015	15	0	15	40	10	30	1,126,330	536,615	589,715	115	65	50
2016 to 2021	0	0	0	120	55	65	1,328,240	644,900	683,335	105	50	60
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	35	30	0	924,850	499,490	425,365	65	45	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	95	40	50	345	145	205	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,345	415	215	200
Under 5 years	0	0	0	30	0	25	748,265	377,795	370,470	25	15	10
5 to 14 years	15	10	0	35	25	10	1,438,440	730,675	707,765	55	35	20
15 to 24 years	20	15	0	35	10	25	1,594,290	720,630	873,660	75	40	35
25 to 44 years	50	20	35	155	75	80	3,783,335	1,782,805	2,000,525	190	90	100
45 years and over	0	0	0	100	25	70	797,180	364,260	432,920	65	25	35
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	95	40	50	345	145	205	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,345	415	215	200
Americas	25	15	10	10	0	10	1,203,180	546,325	656,855	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,450	22,405	26,050	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,570	36,675	43,900	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,450	24,430	25,015	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	85,530	37,870	47,660	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,945	44,585	55,360	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	145,360	63,430	81,925	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	90,585	42,215	48,370	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,420	13,925	17,490	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,035	29,110	35,930	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	0	0	0	0	256,090	115,380	140,705	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	250,760	116,305	134,460	0	0	0
Europe	40	20	20	30	15	15	1,967,620	955,840	1,011,785	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,925	17,705	18,220	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,675	18,115	18,560	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	121,525	63,845	57,685	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	10	0	126,470	60,560	65,915	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,715	27,050	27,665	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,050	14,595	16,450	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	204,065	101,445	102,625	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,830	39,020	36,810	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	135,030	60,660	74,370	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	128,795	62,880	65,910	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,770	40,820	45,955	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,840	35,185	46,650	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,925	15,480	16,450	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,135	36,840	44,295	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	15	20	0	0	0	464,135	229,710	234,430	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	271,725	131,935	139,790	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	821,735	412,365	409,375	20	10	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,660	41,065	38,600	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,110	15,775	17,340	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,710	38,730	34,980	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,385	16,575	14,815	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,715	19,955	21,760	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,775	41,085	40,685	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,290	41,665	39,620	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,500	14,600	17,900	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,590	25,740	25,855	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	314,995	157,170	157,825	0	0	0
Asia	25	0	20	300	120	185	4,307,000	2,030,575	2,276,420	395	200	190
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	62,450	30,940	31,515	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	182,940	92,300	90,645	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	15	0	10	84,130	42,660	41,465	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	0	95,725	50,675	45,055	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	97,590	49,855	47,735	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,270	18,835	16,435	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	110	40	65	715,835	317,970	397,860	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	20	0	10	213,855	100,480	113,375	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,355	63,025	75,325	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,365	28,725	36,635	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	25	0	25	719,580	305,115	414,460	75	40	35
Viet Nam	0	0	0	30	0	25	182,095	82,670	99,425	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	70,090	35,675	34,415	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	100	50	55	898,050	451,120	446,930	285	150	140
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	234,105	118,390	115,715	20	0	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	136,240	66,215	70,030	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	375,340	175,930	199,410	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	10	0	0	0	61,965	31,055	30,910	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	0	0	0	120	55	65	1,328,240	644,900	683,340	105	50	60
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	154,490	74,275	80,215	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,895	9,340	10,560	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,455	5,090	6,365	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,550	5,155	5,400	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,155	7,740	7,420	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,150	8,405	8,745	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,875	19,790	20,085	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,060	2,980	4,075	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,350	15,785	17,570	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	134,425	69,310	65,120	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,175	14,560	12,610	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,365	2,660	2,705	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,355	4,000	2,350	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,240	2,470	1,770	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,905	4,335	6,570	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,515	6,570	7,945	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,755	13,550	9,200	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,120	21,160	21,960	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	206,965	102,875	104,090	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,745	7,530	8,220	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,935	2,420	2,510	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,795	5,545	6,250	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,915	4,200	4,720	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,915	3,795	4,125	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,120	6,285	5,835	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,330	8,755	7,575	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,385	4,415	4,970	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,835	6,025	6,810	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,360	20,575	19,780	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,315	3,240	3,075	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,510	4,290	4,220	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,690	2,375	2,315	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,155	4,185	3,975	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,960	19,250	19,715	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	115	50	65	823,205	393,110	430,090	100	40	55
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,730	6,290	6,440	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,185	6,670	6,515	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	20	0	10	118,035	50,365	67,665	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,495	2,880	3,620	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	95	45	45	246,995	128,205	118,790	70	30	45
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,650	12,310	13,340	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,715	8,835	8,875	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,850	2,565	2,290	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,445	1,035	3,410	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,635	2,375	2,260	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,985	8,790	12,200	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,980	5,120	4,860	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,890	2,475	2,415	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,255	18,070	18,190	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	151,490	66,720	84,765	25	15	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,560	5,195	4,365	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,480	4,010	4,465	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,130	32,725	30,410	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,150	5,520	4,635	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,405	4,325	4,085	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,725	5,605	9,125	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,410	13,035	17,375	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,160	5,335	3,825	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,535	3,845	2,685	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,625	1,490	1,135	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	565	265	305	610	290	320	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	645	375	270
First generation¹⁰⁰	95	45	50	395	180	210	9,606,595	4,631,905	4,974,690	480	260	220
Second generation¹⁰¹	145	90	55	70	40	30	6,393,310	3,207,980	3,185,330	135	95	35
Third generation or more¹⁰²	325	125	195	145	70	85	20,328,565	10,097,280	10,231,290	35	20	15
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	60	20	45	315	125	190	6,820,895	3,244,820	3,576,075	405	210	195
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	40	15	20	165	70	95	3,673,705	1,837,625	1,836,090	180	100	80
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	20	10	0	90	45	40	1,556,675	935,790	620,885	80	60	20
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	20	0	15	75	20	50	2,117,030	901,835	1,215,200	100	40	65
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	15	0	15	115	40	75	2,016,010	821,325	1,194,685	190	80	105
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	40	15	25	1,039,275	543,725	495,550	40	30	10
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,900	42,145	49,755	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	60	20	45	315	125	190	6,820,895	3,244,820	3,576,075	405	210	195
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	10	0	0	416,105	222,895	193,205	15	15	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	20	0	20	35	15	15	705,405	324,370	381,035	40	10	30
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	15	0	10	183,250	92,135	91,110	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	40	15	25	377,130	188,535	188,590	20	20	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,540	15,685	23,855	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	30	10	20	215	80	140	5,099,470	2,401,190	2,698,280	325	160	165
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	565	265	305	610	290	325	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	645	370	270
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	80	35	45	380	180	200	9,639,205	4,712,790	4,926,415	605	350	255
South Asian	0	0	0	125	70	60	2,571,400	1,324,120	1,247,275	495	290	200
Chinese	0	0	0	140	60	80	1,715,770	808,745	907,035	0	0	0
Black	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,547,870	754,100	793,765	40	25	15
Filipino	40	15	25	25	0	20	957,355	427,755	529,600	70	35	30
Arab	0	0	0	20	10	10	694,015	362,845	331,170	0	0	0
Latin American	0	0	0	20	10	10	580,235	281,030	299,200	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	30	15	15	390,340	184,120	206,220	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	360,495	181,795	178,695	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	218,140	101,855	116,285	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,890	42,315	56,575	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	172,885	83,310	89,580	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	10	0	0	331,805	160,790	171,010	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	490	230	265	230	110	120	26,689,275	13,224,375	13,464,900	35	20	15
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	565	260	305	615	285	320	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	640	375	270
Canadian	65	20	45	20	0	15	5,677,205	2,836,675	2,840,530	15	0	10
English	155	55	95	45	25	20	5,322,830	2,600,245	2,722,580	0	0	0
Irish	100	60	35	50	15	35	4,413,120	2,102,610	2,310,505	0	0	0
Scottish	150	65	75	45	20	25	4,392,200	2,131,620	2,260,580	0	0	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	30	20	20	30	10	20	3,985,945	1,964,695	2,021,250	0	0	0
German	80	50	30	50	20	30	2,955,695	1,449,465	1,506,230	20	10	10
Chinese	0	0	0	145	55	85	1,713,870	806,365	907,500	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,546,390	774,250	772,140	0	0	0
Indian (India)	0	0	0	75	30	40	1,347,715	691,535	656,185	235	135	100
Ukrainian	60	30	30	10	0	0	1,258,635	612,455	646,175	0	0	0
Dutch	25	15	10	0	0	0	988,585	489,045	499,545	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	10	10	0	10	982,820	472,290	510,525	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	981,635	490,130	491,510	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	45	15	20	25	10	10	938,950	462,420	476,530	0	0	0
Filipino	45	15	25	20	0	20	925,490	414,915	510,570	65	40	35
French Canadian	15	0	10	0	0	0	906,315	441,610	464,705	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	20	0	15	0	0	0	691,260	347,080	344,175	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	632,340	304,220	328,120	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	10	0	0	560,335	271,985	288,350	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	551,910	278,060	273,850	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	10	10	0	0	548,140	260,075	288,065	0	0	0
Norwegian	40	20	20	15	0	10	466,500	224,290	242,210	0	0	0
Welsh	25	20	10	0	0	0	455,720	216,490	239,230	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	0	0	0	0	0	448,305	222,770	225,535	0	0	0
American	15	0	15	0	0	0	353,495	172,240	181,255	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	342,040	160,475	181,570	0	0	0
Swedish	50	20	30	0	0	0	334,505	156,840	177,665	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	320,150	155,755	164,395	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	305,170	145,500	159,675	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	303,260	154,435	148,825	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	301,955	148,335	153,625	10	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	282,015	141,530	140,490	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	279,950	145,620	134,330	150	90	65
Vietnamese	0	0	0	30	15	20	275,530	131,075	144,445	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	10	0	0	263,710	138,210	125,500	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	262,140	132,975	129,160	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	249,070	119,265	129,805	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	226,220	107,785	118,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	10	0	0	219,855	105,825	114,030	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	217,650	101,805	115,845	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	215,885	103,720	112,165	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	0	10	0	0	0	210,605	107,990	102,615	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	200,465	100,790	99,675	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	200,340	99,800	100,540	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	0	10	0	0	196,945	96,220	100,725	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	194,840	94,035	100,810	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	194,640	101,255	93,385	105	60	45
Austrian	25	10	15	0	0	0	189,535	92,740	96,800	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	10	0	0	182,175	90,150	92,030	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	178,990	84,510	94,490	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	50	35	20	166,160	87,665	78,495	50	25	20
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,495	77,435	78,055	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,095	77,735	77,360	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	145,570	72,015	73,555	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	0	0	0	144,055	69,270	74,785	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	132,410	65,175	67,240	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	130,820	64,915	65,905	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	129,425	56,850	72,580	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	120,125	60,575	59,550	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	111,605	53,700	57,905	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	110,735	54,730	56,005	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	105,620	54,095	51,525	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	105,245	55,230	50,020	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	104,765	51,375	53,395	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	102,170	51,165	51,005	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	101,990	50,370	51,620	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	100,555	47,995	52,560	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,980	50,835	49,150	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,925	47,495	51,430	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,250	49,385	48,865	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	97,210	46,270	50,940	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	96,810	48,255	48,550	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	94,585	44,335	50,250	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	93,360	46,945	46,410	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	92,220	44,610	47,600	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,670	45,665	46,005	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,680	39,485	42,195	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,555	39,675	40,880	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,340	41,415	38,925	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,405	37,655	39,750	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,745	39,955	36,795	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,675	37,315	39,365	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,425	39,085	36,335	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,770	38,035	35,740	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	71,755	34,670	37,085	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,540	34,680	34,860	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,850	34,105	34,745	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,210	33,475	34,740	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,780	31,525	35,255	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,555	31,555	33,995	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,020	29,280	34,740	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,300	29,865	29,435	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,280	29,150	30,130	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,050	26,385	32,670	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,870	27,845	31,025	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	10	0	0	58,840	30,560	28,280	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,195	25,715	31,475	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,070	27,025	29,040	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,085	23,685	28,395	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,040	24,510	27,530	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,840	24,885	24,955	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,765	24,165	22,595	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,905	23,930	21,975	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,685	22,520	23,165	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,260	22,000	23,260	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,720	21,700	23,025	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,545	20,675	21,875	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,405	20,105	22,300	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,295	19,925	22,370	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,075	21,740	20,330	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,950	19,835	22,115	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,700	22,325	19,370	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,620	21,050	20,570	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,670	20,210	20,455	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,440	19,500	19,940	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,595	18,785	19,815	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,520	18,935	19,585	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,670	18,235	19,435	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,970	19,580	17,385	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,290	18,185	18,110	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,395	17,140	18,250	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,345	18,410	16,940	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,330	16,485	16,845	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,135	15,355	17,775	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,085	16,235	16,850	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,575	16,525	16,055	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,720	15,650	16,065	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,440	15,265	16,175	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,430	15,700	15,730	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,565	14,635	15,930	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,465	16,585	13,875	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,220	15,225	14,995	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,065	14,830	15,235	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,490	14,320	14,170	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,395	13,220	15,175	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,225	13,490	14,735	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,140	13,515	14,620	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,675	13,830	12,850	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,535	12,960	13,580	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,460	13,920	12,540	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,330	11,910	14,415	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,875	12,500	13,375	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,575	11,860	13,715	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,200	12,495	12,710	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,420	12,265	12,155	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,325	12,230	12,095	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,255	11,510	12,745	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,110	11,540	12,570	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,500	11,665	11,840	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,455	11,080	12,375	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,130	12,670	10,460	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,020	11,040	11,980	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,785	11,695	11,090	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,785	11,680	11,105	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,570	11,405	11,165	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,275	8,525	13,750	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,125	10,615	11,510	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,975	11,215	10,765	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,565	10,595	9,975	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,685	9,730	9,955	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,305	9,890	9,415	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,850	9,055	9,795	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,745	9,030	9,710	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,545	8,975	9,570	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,420	8,545	9,870	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,190	8,850	9,340	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,955	8,625	9,330	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,755	9,275	8,470	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,485	8,825	8,665	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,465	8,710	8,755	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,315	7,300	10,020	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,050	7,935	9,115	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,570	8,255	8,310	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,315	8,565	7,750	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,910	7,715	8,195	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,780	7,505	8,280	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,660	7,485	8,175	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,650	7,290	8,360	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,340	8,155	7,190	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,055	7,180	7,875	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,010	7,255	7,755	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,265	6,730	7,535	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,260	6,525	7,735	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,110	6,810	7,295	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,910	7,435	6,470	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,840	6,730	7,120	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,755	7,020	6,730	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,565	6,510	7,055	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,525	6,610	6,915	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,245	5,800	7,445	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,225	7,055	6,170	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,095	6,530	6,565	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,065	6,175	6,885	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,890	6,150	6,740	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,890	5,965	6,930	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,490	6,580	5,910	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,115	6,080	6,035	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,080	5,905	6,170	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,710	5,980	5,730	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,920	5,370	5,550	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	5,080	5,745	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,750	5,130	5,620	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,490	4,710	5,775	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,275	4,950	5,325	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,015	4,975	5,045	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,955	5,115	4,840	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,915	5,165	4,750	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,835	5,135	4,695	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,825	5,195	4,625	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,795	4,725	5,065	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,700	4,710	4,990	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,455	4,705	4,755	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,350	4,650	4,700	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,165	4,435	4,725	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,150	4,385	4,760	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,090	4,240	4,850	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,970	4,235	4,735	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,400	4,270	4,125	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,315	4,220	4,090	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,310	3,765	4,545	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,285	3,910	4,375	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,255	4,425	3,830	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,140	3,945	4,195	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,115	3,995	4,130	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,080	3,830	4,250	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,945	4,265	3,680	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,745	4,030	3,710	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,660	3,870	3,790	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,640	3,835	3,805	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,635	3,690	3,950	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,535	3,305	4,230	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,480	3,865	3,620	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,415	3,615	3,800	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,390	3,700	3,695	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,285	3,340	3,945	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,225	3,355	3,875	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,220	3,515	3,705	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	3,630	3,180	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,670	3,730	2,945	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,545	3,225	3,320	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,265	3,230	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	2,945	3,535	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,255	3,085	3,170	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,165	3,020	3,145	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,060	2,755	3,305	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,050	3,065	2,985	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,985	2,995	2,995	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,980	2,965	3,015	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,945	3,010	2,930	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,925	2,855	3,075	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	565	265	300	610	290	325	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	645	370	270
Buddhist	0	0	0	15	0	15	356,975	157,435	199,540	0	0	0
Christian	295	125	170	220	95	120	19,373,325	9,131,320	10,242,005	120	65	50
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	65	35	30	45	25	20	2,760,760	1,319,760	1,440,995	0	0	0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	144,145	70,095	74,050	0	0	0
Anglican	25	0	25	0	0	0	1,134,315	515,270	619,045	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	10	0	10	436,940	200,325	236,615	0	0	0
Catholic	125	45	75	80	35	45	10,880,360	5,193,345	5,687,010	80	40	40
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	10	0	0	623,010	301,055	321,955	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	137,255	59,505	77,750	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,725	41,365	46,360	0	0	0
Lutheran	15	0	0	0	0	0	328,045	150,115	177,925	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	100,655	46,640	54,020	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	30	10	20	399,025	180,870	218,155	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	301,400	136,440	164,960	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,870	39,250	40,620	0	0	0
United Church	45	20	30	15	15	0	1,214,185	531,740	682,445	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	15	10	10	20	0	15	745,650	345,540	400,110	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	85	50	40	828,195	430,135	398,060	90	50	40
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	335,295	164,220	171,070	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	20	15	0	1,775,715	904,205	871,510	35	20	15
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	771,790	394,345	377,445	360	210	150
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,685	38,460	42,230	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	229,015	97,645	131,370	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	270	140	130	275	130	145	12,577,475	6,619,395	5,958,080	30	20	15
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	565	260	305	615	290	325	35,986,480	17,761,880	18,224,600	615	350	265
Non-movers	515	245	270	480	215	265	31,600,930	15,595,875	16,005,050	505	285	220
Movers	50	15	35	130	70	55	4,385,555	2,166,005	2,219,550	110	70	45
Non-migrants	50	15	35	90	50	45	2,572,400	1,270,395	1,302,005	75	40	35
Migrants	0	0	0	35	25	15	1,813,155	895,610	917,550	35	25	10
Internal migrants	0	0	0	15	15	0	1,519,200	748,025	771,180	35	25	0
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	10	0	0	1,250,235	612,810	637,425	20	20	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	10	10	0	268,965	135,215	133,750	10	10	0
External migrants	0	0	0	20	10	10	293,955	147,585	146,370	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	530	240	285	610	290	320	34,504,330	17,002,250	17,502,080	580	330	255
Non-movers	400	195	210	260	110	150	21,061,090	10,370,425	10,690,660	60	40	20
Movers	130	50	80	350	180	165	13,443,240	6,631,825	6,811,420	520	290	230
Non-migrants	110	40	70	220	120	95	5,773,890	2,840,425	2,933,460	335	185	145
Migrants	15	15	0	130	60	75	7,669,355	3,791,400	3,877,955	180	100	85
Internal migrants	15	15	0	40	10	25	5,976,960	2,932,205	3,044,755	100	65	45
Intraprovincial migrants	15	15	0	20	0	15	5,055,615	2,472,510	2,583,105	55	30	25
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	20	10	15	921,345	459,695	461,650	45	30	20
External migrants	0	0	0	90	40	40	1,692,390	859,195	833,200	80	40	40
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	440	205	240	580	270	310	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	505	285	225
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	40	20	20	105	40	65	5,474,175	2,907,175	2,567,000	85	35	50
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	400	180	220	470	230	240	24,861,745	11,954,065	12,907,675	420	245	175
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	290	125	165	330	185	145	19,568,265	9,620,340	9,947,925	370	200	170
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	15	10	10	10	10	0	2,271,360	1,309,215	962,140	55	15	35
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	270	110	160	315	170	145	17,296,905	8,311,120	8,985,780	320	180	135
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	440	200	235	580	270	305	30,335,915	14,861,245	15,474,670	505	280	225
No certificate, diploma or degree	25	10	20	100	40	60	4,899,580	2,534,175	2,365,395	85	30	55
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	110	40	65	140	65	70	8,097,295	4,022,790	4,074,505	125	80	45
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	300	150	155	345	165	180	17,339,045	8,304,275	9,034,770	295	170	125
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	145	70	75	135	55	80	9,252,800	4,623,985	4,628,815	115	70	45
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	40	30	10	35	20	10	2,641,555	1,811,500	830,055	25	20	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,458,160	827,980	630,185	15	0	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	35	25	10	30	15	10	1,183,395	983,525	199,870	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	95	35	65	80	25	55	5,714,490	2,439,925	3,274,560	70	45	25
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	10	0	20	10	10	896,755	372,560	524,195	15	10	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	150	75	75	205	105	100	8,086,245	3,680,285	4,405,955	180	105	80
Bachelor's degree	120	60	65	130	65	65	5,295,360	2,339,045	2,956,315	135	85	50
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	0	0	0	556,510	243,200	313,310	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	0	0	0	0	214,105	108,000	106,105	10	0	10
Master's degree	15	10	10	60	35	25	1,740,605	824,250	916,355	30	10	20
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	10	0	0	279,660	165,795	113,870	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	285	120	170	330	185	145	19,568,260	9,620,335	9,947,920	375	200	175
No certificate, diploma or degree	15	0	10	15	15	0	1,931,855	1,094,855	837,000	55	20	40
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	45	15	30	70	45	25	4,501,365	2,349,540	2,151,825	95	60	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	230	100	130	245	130	120	13,135,045	6,175,940	6,959,105	225	125	105
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	110	40	70	75	35	35	6,703,100	3,338,215	3,364,885	75	35	35
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	25	15	10	30	25	0	1,886,510	1,280,245	606,260	15	10	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050,285	586,420	463,865	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	15	10	25	20	0	836,220	693,830	142,395	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	80	25	55	35	10	25	4,193,505	1,796,935	2,396,575	55	25	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	10	0	0	623,090	261,035	362,050	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	125	55	65	175	90	80	6,431,940	2,837,720	3,594,215	145	85	65
Bachelor's degree	95	45	55	100	50	55	4,177,455	1,808,555	2,368,900	105	65	40
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	0	0	0	430,875	179,230	251,645	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	0	0	0	167,730	75,120	92,615	0	0	0
Master's degree	20	0	10	60	35	25	1,446,435	659,295	787,145	30	10	20
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	209,445	115,530	93,915	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	440	200	235	580	270	310	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,675	510	280	225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	140	55	90	240	105	130	12,996,870	6,556,970	6,439,900	210	110	100
Education	20	0	15	20	10	0	1,113,015	258,365	854,655	10	0	0
13. Education	20	0	15	20	10	0	1,113,015	258,365	854,655	10	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	0	0	0	631,255	274,065	357,190	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	74,785	53,390	21,395	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	0	0	0	556,470	220,680	335,790	0	0	0
Humanities	10	0	10	10	0	10	926,560	354,120	572,440	35	25	15
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	106,345	23,460	82,885	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	184,600	53,020	131,580	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	316,050	119,215	196,830	35	25	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,935	6,835	12,095	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,745	33,040	24,700	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,510	46,140	31,365	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	108,935	58,310	50,620	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,440	14,090	42,345	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	20	25	20	0	20	2,016,125	670,770	1,345,360	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,430	7,065	22,365	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	233,400	88,205	145,200	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0	344,150	27,905	316,240	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	325,785	115,335	210,445	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,855	16,000	33,850	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	327,965	79,295	248,665	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	25	20	10	10	0	10	705,540	336,960	368,580	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	45	25	25	80	30	55	3,758,250	1,488,175	2,270,075	95	60	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,335	1,705	3,630	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	272,240	55,995	216,245	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	40	25	20	80	30	55	3,480,675	1,430,475	2,050,200	95	60	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	10	0	0	0	719,715	353,540	366,175	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0	297,055	121,615	175,435	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,955	72,245	83,705	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,380	14,950	20,430	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	196,620	130,745	65,875	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,710	13,985	20,730	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	40	20	20	804,230	531,435	272,795	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	35	20	15	643,145	454,370	188,775	10	10	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,085	7,100	35,985	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,360	57,560	41,800	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,640	12,400	6,240	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	85	80	0	115	95	20	3,506,120	3,131,220	374,900	60	55	10
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	135,020	81,930	53,090	0	0	0
14. Engineering	20	20	0	60	45	15	900,475	723,080	177,395	20	15	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	25	25	0	35	30	0	726,155	638,355	87,800	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	190	390	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	30	0	10	10	0	703,905	683,060	20,845	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	659,480	640,895	18,590	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	10	10	0	380,505	363,710	16,795	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	10	407,545	234,360	173,175	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	10	0	10	262,580	140,520	122,070	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	144,960	93,845	51,115	0	0	0
Health and related fields	40	0	35	35	0	30	2,444,500	485,615	1,958,885	65	10	55
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	180,785	89,005	91,780	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	35	0	30	30	0	30	2,194,395	360,540	1,833,855	60	10	50
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,255	1,425	3,825	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,030	34,630	29,400	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	0	15	15	0	15	1,006,425	520,970	485,455	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	0	15	15	0	15	548,520	151,115	397,410	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,965	3,520	445	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,900	6,210	690	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	227,835	160,930	66,905	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	219,205	199,190	20,010	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,305	1,640	3,665	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	290	125	165	330	185	145	19,568,260	9,620,340	9,947,925	370	200	175
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	60	20	40	80	60	25	6,433,215	3,444,395	2,988,825	150	80	70
Education	10	0	10	10	10	0	742,175	158,185	583,990	0	0	0
13. Education	10	0	10	10	10	0	742,175	158,185	583,990	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	0	0	0	490,455	210,500	279,955	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,645	38,170	16,475	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	0	0	0	435,815	172,330	263,480	0	0	0
Humanities	10	0	10	0	0	0	649,695	241,235	408,465	30	20	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,235	16,400	62,835	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	134,815	37,610	97,210	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	216,725	80,505	136,220	30	20	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,910	4,540	8,370	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,640	23,645	17,990	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,920	29,245	19,675	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,415	40,800	37,615	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,045	8,490	28,555	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	35	15	20	15	0	15	1,588,720	502,835	1,085,885	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,895	5,520	18,370	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	196,475	72,125	124,350	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0	270,970	20,095	250,875	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	261,265	82,850	178,420	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,830	12,160	25,670	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	249,205	55,840	193,365	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	20	15	0	10	0	10	549,090	254,250	294,840	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	45	20	25	50	20	35	2,941,315	1,140,050	1,801,260	60	40	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,995	1,335	2,665	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	213,140	40,230	172,910	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	40	20	20	50	20	35	2,724,175	1,098,490	1,625,685	60	40	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	10	0	0	0	513,555	241,780	271,785	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	227,460	90,390	137,075	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	108,350	48,075	60,280	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,270	5,690	8,580	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	140,510	88,540	51,970	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,960	9,090	13,870	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	35	20	15	667,305	445,970	221,330	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	35	20	15	554,185	392,835	161,350	10	10	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,610	4,720	22,885	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	70,940	39,000	31,940	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,565	9,415	5,155	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	50	45	0	90	75	15	2,611,205	2,292,785	318,420	50	45	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	105,845	61,230	44,605	0	0	0
14. Engineering	10	10	0	50	35	15	724,235	568,385	155,850	20	15	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	20	20	0	25	20	0	536,600	464,510	72,090	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	160	350	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	10	10	0	510,105	493,000	17,100	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	467,225	452,385	14,840	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	266,690	253,110	13,585	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	10	314,120	170,440	143,680	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	10	0	10	199,335	99,700	99,635	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	114,780	70,745	44,040	0	0	0
Health and related fields	40	0	35	20	0	15	1,839,975	371,180	1,468,795	60	10	50
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	139,280	67,885	71,385	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	35	0	35	15	0	15	1,648,120	279,090	1,369,030	55	10	50
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,430	945	3,485	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,115	23,255	24,860	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	0	15	10	0	0	772,450	399,835	372,615	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	0	15	10	0	0	414,520	112,935	301,590	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,955	2,575	375	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,850	3,415	435	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	183,025	128,295	54,725	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	168,105	152,620	15,485	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,075	1,150	2,930	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	290	125	165	330	185	145	19,568,260	9,620,340	9,947,925	370	200	175
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	60	20	40	80	60	25	6,433,215	3,444,395	2,988,825	150	80	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	235	100	130	250	125	120	13,135,040	6,175,940	6,959,100	225	120	100
Location of study inside Canada	185	85	100	125	70	55	10,490,520	4,926,390	5,564,130	100	60	40
Same as province or territory of residence	145	70	75	70	40	30	9,251,025	4,324,195	4,926,830	55	25	30
Different than province or territory of residence	40	15	25	50	30	25	1,239,495	602,195	637,300	40	30	10
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	45	15	35	125	60	65	2,644,520	1,249,550	1,394,970	120	65	60
Americas	25	10	15	0	0	0	483,810	238,040	245,775	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	279,005	143,575	135,435	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,400	16,175	20,230	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,345	4,275	4,070	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,620	5,645	4,970	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,780	6,110	6,670	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,050	18,445	21,605	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,165	13,875	17,295	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,780	3,025	4,750	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,655	5,330	7,320	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,000	21,575	23,425	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	15	10	0	543,725	281,205	262,520	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,795	4,260	3,535	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	97,770	53,930	43,840	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,450	12,070	10,380	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	6,065	4,765	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,470	4,420	4,050	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,160	2,465	2,700	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,055	4,165	4,890	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,215	11,115	14,100	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,250	16,190	16,060	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,095	16,250	19,845	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,405	16,635	19,775	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,040	9,175	6,865	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	151,900	81,980	69,920	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,030	2,915	3,115	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,895	5,055	3,840	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,745	4,470	4,280	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	60,615	30,055	30,560	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	216,815	111,010	105,805	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,280	16,395	16,880	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,230	17,020	16,210	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,640	12,125	11,510	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,655	7,100	5,555	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,255	15,145	15,115	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,060	9,900	9,160	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,700	33,325	31,385	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	105	45	55	1,352,215	594,805	757,410	120	60	60
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,630	30,180	36,450	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,515	8,250	8,265	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,355	5,725	5,630	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,565	9,355	10,210	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,405	7,885	8,520	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,855	6,595	5,260	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	10	0	0	201,100	87,370	113,720	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,520	4,750	9,770	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,325	7,445	10,875	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,605	5,280	13,325	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,575	20,575	33,000	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	305,795	115,370	190,420	25	10	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,500	4,490	8,005	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,000	11,360	13,645	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,085	7,090	7,995	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	75	35	40	405,850	199,380	206,475	90	45	40
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,155	35,055	40,100	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,385	28,650	35,735	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,960	24,495	23,460	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,525	19,270	19,250	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,785	4,300	3,485	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	930	730	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	440	200	235	580	270	305	30,335,915	14,861,245	15,474,670	505	280	225
In the labour force	295	150	145	305	175	130	19,310,345	10,056,270	9,254,070	400	250	155
Employed	285	140	145	275	155	120	17,321,695	9,056,680	8,265,025	345	230	115
Unemployed	10	10	0	30	20	10	1,988,645	999,600	989,045	55	25	40
Not in the labour force	145	55	90	275	95	180	11,025,575	4,804,970	6,220,605	105	35	75
Participation rate	67.0	75.0	61.7	52.6	64.8	42.6	63.7	67.7	59.8	79.2	89.3	68.9
Employment rate	64.8	70.0	61.7	47.4	57.4	39.3	57.1	60.9	53.4	68.3	82.1	51.1
Unemployment rate	3.4	6.7	0.0	9.8	11.4	7.7	10.3	9.9	10.7	13.8	10.0	25.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	440	200	235	580	270	310	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,675	510	280	225
Did not work¹⁸⁶	125	45	90	275	100	170	11,140,775	4,889,605	6,251,170	125	50	75
Worked	310	155	150	305	170	140	19,195,145	9,971,640	9,223,500	380	230	150
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	185	110	75	130	95	35	10,215,385	5,685,910	4,529,475	190	145	50
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	130	50	75	175	80	100	8,979,760	4,285,730	4,694,025	185	90	100
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.8	42.0	42.0	39.8	43.0	35.6	41.0	41.7	40.3	41.5	44.0	37.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	295	150	145	310	175	135	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	400	250	150
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	486,865	237,950	248,915	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	290	145	145	300	175	125	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	400	250	150
Employee	220	110	105	285	160	120	16,103,455	8,139,075	7,964,375	365	230	140
Permanent position	195	100	100	230	135	95	13,431,685	6,866,375	6,565,310	295	185	105
Temporary position	25	10	10	50	25	25	2,671,765	1,272,700	1,399,065	70	40	35
Fixed term (1 year or more)	0	0	0	10	0	10	867,740	386,965	480,775	10	0	0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	20	10	10	40	25	15	1,804,030	885,740	918,285	60	35	30
Self-employed¹⁹²	70	35	35	20	15	0	2,720,025	1,679,250	1,040,780	35	20	10
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	295	150	145	310	175	135	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	400	250	150
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	486,865	237,950	248,915	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	290	145	145	300	175	125	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	400	250	150
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	254,760	177,450	77,315	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	90	45	45	35	25	15	3,303,180	1,062,425	2,240,755	45	15	35
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	40	35	10	65	45	20	1,587,980	1,199,390	388,595	10	10	0
3 Health occupations	25	0	25	0	0	0	1,504,100	298,960	1,205,135	45	0	40
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	15	0	15	20	10	0	2,322,345	752,280	1,570,075	20	10	10
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	0	0	0	596,785	275,420	321,360	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	65	30	35	130	50	75	4,616,050	2,072,110	2,543,945	110	55	55
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	45	35	0	35	35	0	3,239,500	2,950,915	288,585	150	140	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	541,235	416,960	124,270	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	857,540	612,415	245,120	25	20	10
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	295	150	145	310	175	135	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	400	250	150
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	486,865	237,950	248,915	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	290	145	145	300	175	125	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	400	250	150
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	434,800	295,160	139,640	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	10	0	10	0	0	239,030	195,605	43,425	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	147,750	109,475	38,270	0	0	0
23 Construction	55	40	15	10	10	0	1,469,085	1,269,060	200,025	35	35	0
31-33 Manufacturing	10	10	0	0	0	0	1,540,490	1,095,160	445,330	35	35	0
41 Wholesale trade	15	10	10	15	15	0	610,295	406,960	203,335	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	30	10	20	50	25	25	2,149,640	1,027,160	1,122,480	95	55	40
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	15	15	0	981,030	742,515	238,515	75	75	0
51 Information and cultural industries	15	15	0	20	10	10	400,460	237,940	162,520	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	10	0	10	815,225	358,145	457,080	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	10	0	0	0	343,940	186,230	157,710	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	35	20	15	45	30	10	1,571,160	877,780	693,380	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,455	21,495	23,955	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	10	0	30	10	20	792,600	457,880	334,725	25	15	15
61 Educational services	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,413,320	436,645	976,670	15	10	0
62 Health care and social assistance	35	0	35	25	10	15	2,446,370	470,340	1,976,030	45	0	40
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	0	10	0	0	350,710	180,205	170,500	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	10	0	10	40	15	25	1,085,270	478,000	607,270	35	20	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	0	10	10	10	0	797,935	373,775	424,165	15	10	10
91 Public administration	10	0	0	0	0	0	1,188,915	598,780	590,135	0	0	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	320	155	155	325	180	145	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	420	260	160
English	300	155	145	300	170	135	14,942,170	7,807,315	7,134,855	370	220	150
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,164,890	1,592,470	1,572,420	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	169,205	89,515	79,685	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,935	3,590	3,345	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	162,265	85,925	76,345	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,682,510	859,635	822,870	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	570,220	291,000	279,220	50	40	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,935	9,955	10,980	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,340	34,190	35,145	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,265	5,960	5,305	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	320	155	155	325	180	145	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	420	260	160
Single responses	320	155	155	325	180	145	20,176,640	10,458,830	9,717,810	410	255	155
Official languages	310	155	150	325	180	145	19,866,180	10,297,010	9,569,175	395	240	155
English	310	155	150	320	175	145	15,879,850	8,272,750	7,607,105	395	240	155
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,986,330	2,024,260	1,962,070	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310,455	161,825	148,635	15	15	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,435	9,725	9,710	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,600	6,020	5,575	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,115	4,715	4,400	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,985	3,170	2,815	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	385	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	110	85	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	80	65	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,695	2,500	2,205	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	875	1,075	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	435	400	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	825	430	395	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,585	830	755	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	490	385	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	340	355	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	10	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	295	320	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	410	480	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	410	475	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	255	280	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	90	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	15	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	25	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,630	3,200	3,425	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,605	3,200	3,405	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	80	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	35	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	291,025	152,095	138,925	15	15	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,265	5,300	3,955	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	185	235	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	155	210	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,785	5,080	3,705	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	95	120	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,190	4,250	2,940	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	325	130	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	240	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	70	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	240	340	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	165	160	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,770	4,135	5,635	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	215	285	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,260	3,905	5,350	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,760	2,180	2,580	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,205	1,895	2,310	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	185	210	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	170	205	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,010	1,410	1,605	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	140	110	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,685	1,255	1,425	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	15	55	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	112,395	64,055	48,335	15	15	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	170	140	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	295	235	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,085	4,390	5,695	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	15	75	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	10	35	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,995	4,375	5,620	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	55	90	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	60	15	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,265	1,000	1,265	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,240	2,085	3,155	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	485	355	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	80	40	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	95	65	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	310	245	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	620	650	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,250	8,060	6,190	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,480	5,695	4,790	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,615	3,655	2,970	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,560	1,405	1,150	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	520	530	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,540	2,245	1,290	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	40	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	515	440	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	420	140	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	1,275	670	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	445	430	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,455	32,965	22,490	15	15	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,020	28,910	19,100	15	15	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	290	355	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,115	515	600	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,145	1,090	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	125	145	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,840	25,480	15,365	15	15	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	80	25	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,725	1,265	1,465	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,430	4,045	3,385	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	145	35	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	70	60	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,110	3,825	3,285	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	445	360	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,715	2,980	2,735	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	400	195	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,795	17,685	13,105	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,625	730	900	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,970	4,070	2,895	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	375	310	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,455	12,465	8,990	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,560	1,225	2,340	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,345	7,125	7,225	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	210	200	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	95	55	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	795	1,210	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,590	620	970	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	110	180	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	65	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	128,375	64,180	64,190	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	128,045	63,990	64,055	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,040	37,760	38,280	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	210	270	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,950	25,725	25,225	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	240	220	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	175	125	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	40	20	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	85	50	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	80	45	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	310	450	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	275	395	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	695	650	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	25	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	660	615	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	215	270	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	15	50	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	25	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	170	160	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0	0	0	453,880	231,205	222,675	15	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	321,975	163,305	158,675	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	115,955	60,210	55,745	15	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,280	2,795	3,485	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,405	3,795	3,605	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,265	1,100	1,165	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	320	155	155	325	180	145	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	420	260	160
None	305	155	150	305	175	135	18,696,980	9,704,050	8,992,935	385	235	150
English	0	0	0	0	0	0	902,625	474,755	427,875	10	10	0
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	589,755	288,955	300,800	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	331,375	168,035	163,335	20	15	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,190	7,740	10,450	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	313,185	160,295	152,885	20	15	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,445	1,495	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,125	15,680	17,445	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,615	11,475	11,135	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	210	150	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,740	25,425	25,315	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	285	140	145	275	150	120	17,321,700	9,056,680	8,265,020	345	230	115
Worked at home	135	65	70	95	70	25	4,214,860	2,000,150	2,214,705	25	15	15
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,335	40,295	18,035	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	30	30	0	10	0	0	2,201,745	1,660,325	541,415	90	75	15
Usual place of work	120	45	75	170	80	95	10,846,770	5,355,910	5,490,860	230	140	85
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	120	45	75	170	80	95	10,846,770	5,355,905	5,490,860	225	140	90
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	115	35	75	170	80	95	6,397,120	2,970,205	3,426,915	165	100	70
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	10	0	0	0	0	2,343,640	1,185,830	1,157,810	50	35	20
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,007,950	1,139,665	868,285	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,060	60,210	37,850	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	150	75	75	180	85	100	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	320	215	100
Car, truck or van	145	75	70	45	20	20	10,950,750	6,060,925	4,889,825	285	200	85
Car, truck or van - as a driver	135	75	65	45	20	20	10,106,595	5,717,830	4,388,770	260	185	80
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	0	0	0	0	0	844,155	343,100	501,050	25	15	10
Public transit	0	0	0	85	35	55	1,000,510	422,270	578,235	25	15	15
Walked	0	0	0	50	25	25	672,815	296,610	376,205	0	0	0
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,615	92,195	46,415	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	285,820	144,225	141,595	10	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	150	75	75	180	85	100	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	320	215	100
Less than 15 minutes	55	25	30	55	30	25	4,178,570	1,993,385	2,185,185	65	35	30
15 to 29 minutes	50	20	35	75	35	40	4,546,195	2,418,910	2,127,285	165	120	45
30 to 44 minutes	20	20	0	35	20	15	2,487,010	1,462,340	1,024,670	55	40	20
45 to 59 minutes	15	10	10	0	0	0	910,610	542,485	368,125	10	0	10
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	10	0	10	926,120	599,115	327,005	15	15	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	150	75	75	180	85	100	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	320	215	100
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	15	0	0	0	0	0	938,820	701,960	236,865	25	20	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	40	20	15	35	20	20	2,274,845	1,465,860	808,985	55	35	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	40	20	20	40	20	20	3,435,740	1,776,900	1,658,845	80	45	40
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	20	10	10	15	15	0	2,711,355	1,189,065	1,522,290	35	20	15
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	30	10	15	35	20	15	1,661,340	740,915	920,430	40	30	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10	0	10	50	15	40	2,026,405	1,141,540	884,865	85	65	20
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	115	50	65	45	25	20	7,335,800	3,768,210	3,567,595	175	85	85
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	5	5	5	5	0	897,205	456,120	441,085	5	5	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	105	45	65	40	25	20	6,438,595	3,312,090	3,126,505	170	85	85
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	90	35	55	15	10	5	5,372,330	2,761,965	2,610,365	85	45	40
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	0	0	5	0	0	0	682,190	346,420	335,770	0	5	0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	467,685	234,475	233,215	0	0	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	214,500	111,950	102,550	0	5	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	80	30	50	15	10	5	4,690,140	2,415,545	2,274,595	75	40	35

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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