Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

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	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	415	...	...	507	...	...	36,991,981	...	...	1,765	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	35,151,728	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	5.2	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	158	...	...	230	...	...	16,284,235	...	...	606	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	154	...	...	221	...	...	14,978,941	...	...	594	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,783.4	...	...	3,809.2	...	...	4.2	...	...	1,246.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.23	...	...	0.13	...	...	8,788,702.80	...	...	1.42	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	415	205	210	510	245	260	36,991,980	18,226,240	18,765,740	1,765	880	885
0 to 14 years	85	40	45	75	45	35	6,012,795	3,086,510	2,926,285	365	190	180
0 to 4 years	20	5	5	25	15	10	1,831,195	938,790	892,405	75	35	35
5 to 9 years	30	15	10	20	15	10	2,054,900	1,054,240	1,000,655	120	65	60
10 to 14 years	40	15	25	25	20	10	2,126,705	1,093,480	1,033,225	170	85	85
15 to 64 years	215	110	105	340	165	175	23,957,760	11,915,050	12,042,710	1,165	585	580
15 to 19 years	30	15	15	30	15	15	2,012,975	1,036,730	976,240	180	105	80
20 to 24 years	15	10	5	30	20	10	2,202,255	1,138,825	1,063,430	95	50	45
25 to 29 years	5	0	5	40	15	25	2,421,510	1,228,135	1,193,370	40	20	20
30 to 34 years	10	5	10	45	25	20	2,518,835	1,252,795	1,266,040	55	25	30
35 to 39 years	20	5	10	35	20	15	2,511,345	1,238,515	1,272,835	115	60	55
40 to 44 years	30	15	20	35	10	25	2,399,405	1,175,875	1,223,530	110	40	70
45 to 49 years	35	20	15	25	10	10	2,304,170	1,129,185	1,174,985	195	90	100
50 to 54 years	25	10	10	30	15	20	2,368,350	1,161,665	1,206,685	160	85	75
55 to 59 years	30	15	15	30	15	15	2,647,330	1,299,975	1,347,350	120	70	50
60 to 64 years	20	15	5	40	10	25	2,571,580	1,253,335	1,318,245	95	45	55
65 years and over	110	55	60	90	35	50	7,021,430	3,224,680	3,796,750	230	110	125
65 to 69 years	30	15	15	40	15	25	2,210,970	1,065,305	1,145,665	75	30	40
70 to 74 years	25	10	15	25	15	15	1,847,585	879,850	967,735	65	30	35
75 to 79 years	30	10	15	15	5	10	1,260,930	589,090	671,845	50	30	15
80 to 84 years	20	10	15	10	5	5	840,545	370,905	469,645	35	10	20
85 years and over	10	5	5	0	0	0	861,395	319,540	541,860	10	5	5
85 to 89 years	10	5	5	0	0	0	525,445	212,735	312,705	5	0	5
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	258,035	87,300	170,735	5	5	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,380	17,670	50,715	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,535	1,830	7,710	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	20.5	19.5	21.4	14.7	18.4	13.5	16.3	16.9	15.6	20.7	21.6	20.3
15 to 64 years	51.8	53.7	50.0	66.7	67.3	67.3	64.8	65.4	64.2	66.0	66.5	65.5
65 years and over	26.5	26.8	28.6	17.6	14.3	19.2	19.0	17.7	20.2	13.0	12.5	14.1
85 years and over	2.4	2.4	2.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.3	1.8	2.9	0.6	0.6	0.6
Average age of the population	44.8	44.4	45.4	40.9	39.0	42.6	41.9	41.0	42.8	38.7	38.1	39.3
Median age of the population	46.4	46.8	45.6	39.6	36.0	42.0	41.6	40.4	42.8	41.6	40.8	42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	150	...	...	220	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	595	...	...
Single-detached house	150	...	...	45	...	...	7,872,310	...	...	485	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	160	...	...	746,560	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	980,110	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	10	...	...	821,490	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	10	...	...	2,738,020	...	...	110	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,596,155	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	34,880	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	189,420	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	155	...	...	225	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	595	...	...
1 person	25	...	...	70	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	80	...	...
2 persons	65	...	...	80	...	...	5,124,800	...	...	175	...	...
3 persons	20	...	...	25	...	...	2,194,825	...	...	100	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	20	...	...	2,002,455	...	...	180	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	20	...	...	1,260,850	...	...	60	...	...
Number of persons in private households	415	205	215	510	245	260	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,245	1,765	880	885
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.3	...	...	2.4	...	...	3.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	330	165	165	430	205	230	30,979,185	15,139,730	15,839,460	1,400	695	705
Married or living common-law	230	110	115	215	105	110	17,626,005	8,813,405	8,812,595	955	475	480
Married	215	110	110	150	75	75	13,725,625	6,859,755	6,865,875	900	450	450
Living common-law	10	5	5	60	30	30	3,900,375	1,953,650	1,946,725	55	30	30
Living common law - Never married	5	0	0	50	25	20	2,967,665	1,485,985	1,481,685	45	20	25
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	123,830	65,045	58,785	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	5	5	5	10	5	5	721,715	365,760	355,950	10	10	0
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,165	36,860	50,300	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	105	55	55	215	100	115	13,353,180	6,326,325	7,026,860	440	220	225
Not married and not living common law - Never married	60	40	25	155	80	75	9,025,865	4,881,410	4,144,455	340	190	150
Not married and not living common law - Separated	10	5	5	10	0	5	741,135	319,045	422,090	15	5	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	15	10	10	40	15	25	1,921,880	760,425	1,161,460	55	15	35
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	20	5	20	15	5	10	1,664,295	365,440	1,298,855	35	10	30
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	130	...	...	140	...	...	10,262,925	...	...	515	...	...
2 persons	65	...	...	80	...	...	5,306,105	...	...	180	...	...
3 persons	20	...	...	30	...	...	2,147,825	...	...	100	...	...
4 persons	35	...	...	20	...	...	1,953,035	...	...	180	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	10	...	...	855,960	...	...	55	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.2	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.7	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	130	...	...	140	...	...	10,262,925	...	...	515	...	...
Total couple families	115	...	...	105	...	...	8,576,585	...	...	475	...	...
Married couples	110	...	...	75	...	...	6,627,310	...	...	450	...	...
With children⁶	55	...	...	35	...	...	3,481,775	...	...	295	...	...
Without children	55	...	...	40	...	...	3,145,535	...	...	155	...	...
Common-law couples	5	...	...	30	...	...	1,949,275	...	...	25	...	...
With children⁶	0	...	...	10	...	...	808,645	...	...	15	...	...
Without children	0	...	...	20	...	...	1,140,630	...	...	10	...	...
Total one-parent families	15	...	...	35	...	...	1,686,340	...	...	35	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	15	...	...	30	...	...	1,302,670	...	...	25	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	5	...	...	383,670	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	415	205	210	505	250	260	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,245	1,765	880	885
Total - Persons in census families	375	185	190	385	190	195	29,478,475	14,616,850	14,861,625	1,650	835	815
Married spouses or common-law partners	225	115	115	210	105	105	17,153,165	8,577,610	8,575,560	950	470	480
Parents in one-parent families	20	5	10	35	10	25	1,686,340	383,675	1,302,670	40	15	25
Children⁶	135	70	65	140	80	60	10,638,965	5,655,570	4,983,400	665	350	315
In a two-parent family	110	60	55	90	50	35	8,024,590	4,238,785	3,785,805	605	310	295
In a one-parent family	20	10	10	50	30	25	2,614,375	1,416,785	1,197,595	60	40	25
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	35	15	20	120	55	70	6,850,005	3,320,385	3,529,620	110	40	65
Living alone	30	10	15	75	25	45	4,396,015	2,048,495	2,347,520	80	25	55
Living with other relatives⁷	5	0	0	10	5	5	927,345	393,085	534,260	20	10	10
Living with non-relatives only	5	0	5	40	20	20	1,526,645	878,800	647,840	15	5	5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	155	...	...	220	...	...	14,978,945	...	...	595	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	110	...	...	115	...	...	8,932,695	...	...	485	...	...
Couple-family households	105	...	...	90	...	...	7,627,195	...	...	455	...	...
With children⁶	50	...	...	45	...	...	3,789,795	...	...	300	...	...
Without children	55	...	...	50	...	...	3,837,400	...	...	150	...	...
One-parent-family households	10	...	...	25	...	...	1,305,500	...	...	35	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...	10	...	...	441,745	...	...	10	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	94,235	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	5	...	...	450,415	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	0	...	...	15	...	...	663,835	...	...	10	...	...
One-person households	30	...	...	70	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	80	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	330	165	165	435	205	225	30,336,135	14,861,555	15,474,575	1,395	695	705
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	310	155	155	410	190	220	29,241,810	14,316,155	14,925,660	1,280	630	650
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,200	64,000	42,000	40,000	40,400	39,200	41,200	46,400	36,800	58,800	77,000	46,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	310	155	155	410	190	220	29,256,180	14,323,750	14,932,425	1,280	630	650
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,600	56,800	37,600	36,000	36,000	36,400	36,800	40,800	33,600	50,400	65,500	42,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	295	150	140	370	170	200	26,045,500	13,010,250	13,035,250	1,220	610	610
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,800	57,600	34,800	34,000	36,400	31,600	35,200	42,400	29,200	55,600	74,500	42,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	195	105	85	305	150	160	21,127,615	10,906,485	10,221,130	965	505	460
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,000	56,800	40,400	37,600	37,600	35,600	37,200	43,200	32,000	60,400	79,500	46,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	280	140	140	365	170	195	25,401,740	12,065,555	13,336,180	1,045	500	545
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,700	12,500	11,700	10,400	8,500	12,700	9,800	8,500	11,000	4,800	1,350	6,240
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15	10	5	60	30	30	3,185,840	1,548,250	1,637,590	95	45	50
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	4,880	5,120	4,480	5,720	5,760	5,720	5,000	3,760	5,760
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	70	40	30	140	70	70	8,373,550	4,140,705	4,232,845	290	130	155
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	12,000	8,000	10,000	8,000	11,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	360	175	185	455	205	255	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,670	1,395	700	690
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	335	165	165	420	180	240	29,242,935	14,316,595	14,926,335	1,255	605	645
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	86,000	84,000	89,000	45,000	48,800	42,400	54,450	62,650	46,560	82,000	108,800	57,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	335	165	165	420	180	240	29,257,325	14,324,165	14,933,160	1,255	605	645
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	65,600	67,000	64,000	39,600	42,000	37,600	44,920	50,320	39,680	65,600	84,800	47,700
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	315	165	150	385	165	220	26,047,020	13,011,765	13,035,250	1,190	580	615
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	81,000	78,000	84,000	36,600	42,800	32,000	50,240	59,500	41,000	79,800	107,200	53,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	215	115	95	320	145	170	21,127,690	10,908,965	10,218,725	925	500	425
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	76,500	82,000	69,000	38,800	44,000	34,400	50,280	58,050	42,000	78,200	95,600	57,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	295	145	145	375	145	230	25,397,565	12,061,765	13,335,800	1,030	505	530
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,800	8,800	12,800	12,600	12,000	13,000	11,170	10,180	12,060	7,640	6,720	8,520
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20	0	0	55	20	35	3,179,395	1,544,580	1,634,815	70	30	40
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	...	...	8,000	9,000	7,600	7,050	6,710	7,370	5,200	1,600	7,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	75	50	25	150	65	85	8,346,145	4,128,810	4,217,340	285	135	155
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,600	8,800	5,200	10,800	9,600	11,600	8,920	8,740	9,100	8,600	7,800	9,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	360	175	185	455	200	255	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	1,390	700	690
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	100	55	45	150	80	75	9,912,810	5,493,720	4,419,090	465	290	175
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	97,000	111,000	91,000	59,600	64,000	56,000	63,600	69,000	58,000	113,000	126,000	99,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	120,000	140,000	100,000	62,000	68,000	56,000	77,200	85,400	67,000	124,800	141,000	98,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	95	55	40	120	45	75	8,426,645	3,988,060	4,438,585	320	120	200
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,000	36,000	15,400	13,600	16,400	13,600	18,400	21,000	16,600	17,800	13,800	17,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	42,000	42,000	44,000	20,400	19,000	21,000	29,160	33,960	24,860	34,800	43,000	29,800
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	90.0	90.0	88.0	75.0	80.0	70.0	82.2	86.4	76.8	92.4	95.0	88.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	57.0	70.0	44.0	65.0	72.0	59.0	66.8	70.6	61.7	70.4	73.0	65.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	11.0	9.2	12.8	25.0	19.0	30.4	17.8	13.7	23.1	7.7	5.2	12.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	x	x	2.4	2.0	2.8	1.4	1.2	1.7	0.4	0.1	0.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	2.3	3.3	1.4	9.4	7.6	11.0	5.4	4.5	6.6	2.7	1.7	4.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.0	3.2	0.9	8.8	6.8	10.0	4.7	4.0	5.5	2.4	1.6	3.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	330	165	165	430	205	230	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	1,400	695	705
Without total income	20	5	10	20	15	5	1,094,320	545,400	548,915	120	60	60
With total income	315	160	155	410	195	220	29,241,815	14,316,150	14,925,660	1,275	635	645
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15	5	15	35	20	15	2,434,730	1,058,420	1,376,310	140	55	85
$10,000 to $19,999	30	10	15	45	10	30	3,448,185	1,445,240	2,002,945	130	60	70
$20,000 to $29,999	40	20	20	75	35	40	4,635,650	2,018,080	2,617,570	120	55	65
$30,000 to $39,999	35	10	25	55	25	30	3,723,680	1,648,300	2,075,375	100	40	65
$40,000 to $49,999	30	10	15	50	20	30	3,290,715	1,529,960	1,760,755	80	25	50
$50,000 to $59,999	25	15	10	45	20	25	2,677,465	1,302,135	1,375,330	75	35	45
$60,000 to $69,999	25	10	20	30	10	20	2,073,335	1,086,545	986,795	70	30	40
$70,000 to $79,999	15	10	5	25	10	15	1,592,465	887,985	704,480	70	45	25
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	10	20	15	5	1,239,395	708,430	530,965	50	20	30
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	10	10	5	5	965,950	553,435	412,510	70	30	35
$100,000 and over	65	50	20	30	15	10	3,160,245	2,077,620	1,082,625	380	245	130
$100,000 to $149,999	40	30	10	20	10	10	2,102,630	1,319,110	783,520	210	120	90
$150,000 and over	30	15	10	5	0	0	1,057,615	758,510	299,105	170	130	45
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	330	165	165	430	205	230	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	1,400	695	705
Without after-tax income	20	5	10	20	15	5	1,079,955	537,800	542,155	120	60	60
With after-tax income	315	160	155	410	195	220	29,256,180	14,323,750	14,932,430	1,275	635	645
Under $10,000 (including loss)	25	5	15	35	20	15	2,561,695	1,100,975	1,460,725	145	55	90
$10,000 to $19,999	30	15	15	45	10	30	3,608,250	1,521,395	2,086,855	140	60	75
$20,000 to $29,999	45	20	25	85	40	45	5,294,505	2,321,660	2,972,845	135	60	80
$30,000 to $39,999	40	10	30	70	35	35	4,442,970	2,035,725	2,407,250	115	40	70
$40,000 to $49,999	30	15	10	65	30	35	3,798,710	1,839,700	1,959,005	100	40	60
$50,000 to $59,999	30	10	20	35	10	25	2,833,120	1,471,200	1,361,920	80	35	40
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	10	30	20	15	2,020,895	1,114,110	906,790	90	50	40
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	15	20	10	10	1,428,520	814,645	613,875	70	30	40
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	10	15	10	10	1,027,015	592,405	434,605	90	45	50
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	5	0	0	643,700	402,325	241,380	75	45	30
$100,000 and over	45	30	15	10	5	0	1,596,790	1,109,610	487,185	250	175	70
$100,000 to $124,999	20	15	5	5	5	0	792,455	530,970	261,490	110	70	45
$125,000 and over	20	15	5	0	0	0	804,335	578,645	225,695	135	110	30
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	330	165	165	430	205	230	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	1,400	695	705
Without employment income	140	60	80	130	55	70	9,208,520	3,955,070	5,253,450	435	190	245
With employment income	190	105	85	305	145	155	21,127,615	10,906,485	10,221,125	965	505	460
Under $5,000 (including loss)	35	15	20	30	15	15	2,951,135	1,446,185	1,504,955	130	60	70
$5,000 to $9,999	10	10	5	35	15	25	1,739,570	765,825	973,750	80	30	45
$10,000 to $19,999	15	10	10	40	20	20	2,498,120	1,128,310	1,369,810	90	45	45
$20,000 to $29,999	10	5	10	20	15	10	1,960,665	902,615	1,058,050	50	25	25
$30,000 to $39,999	5	0	0	30	15	15	1,903,100	899,905	1,003,190	40	15	30
$40,000 to $49,999	15	5	5	30	15	20	1,859,845	899,795	960,055	35	15	25
$50,000 to $59,999	15	5	10	30	10	15	1,640,805	842,030	798,780	45	20	30
$60,000 to $69,999	5	0	0	20	10	10	1,367,510	754,825	612,685	45	20	20
$70,000 to $79,999	5	0	0	20	10	10	1,099,625	637,060	462,570	45	25	25
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	0	15	10	0	929,490	539,395	390,095	40	15	30
$90,000 to $99,999	15	5	5	10	5	10	760,035	439,505	320,530	45	20	25
$100,000 and over	50	30	15	20	15	5	2,417,710	1,651,040	766,670	315	220	100
$100,000 to $124,999	15	10	5	15	10	5	1,129,445	714,235	415,210	120	65	55
$125,000 and over	35	25	10	5	10	0	1,288,265	936,805	351,460	200	155	45
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	330	165	165	435	205	225	30,336,135	14,861,555	15,474,575	1,395	695	705
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	310	155	155	400	185	215	28,598,395	13,976,715	14,621,680	1,250	620	630
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,800	66,500	38,000	40,000	43,600	37,200	39,200	45,200	34,000	60,400	80,000	46,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	310	155	155	400	185	215	28,617,610	13,979,960	14,637,655	1,255	620	630
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,800	62,000	34,800	36,400	38,800	35,200	35,200	40,000	31,200	52,000	67,000	41,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	295	150	145	360	165	195	25,708,470	12,830,580	12,877,890	1,195	600	590
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,200	60,800	34,000	38,800	42,400	36,000	36,800	44,000	30,800	57,600	78,500	44,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	200	110	90	305	145	160	21,241,445	10,932,825	10,308,625	950	495	460
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,600	56,800	35,600	40,800	44,000	36,400	38,000	44,400	32,800	62,800	84,000	46,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	260	130	130	340	155	185	23,196,815	10,876,635	12,320,175	985	470	515
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,040	1,360	10,100	2,340	1,050	4,080	4,240	1,960	6,450	1,010	890	2,340
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	20	10	10	35	15	20	2,428,800	1,182,025	1,246,770	50	20	30
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	5,440	x	4,200	5,720	5,560	5,960	8,000	x	8,400
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	360	175	185	455	205	255	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,670	1,395	700	690
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	325	165	160	410	180	235	28,599,665	13,976,240	14,623,425	1,205	590	620
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	75,200	89,000	60,400	41,200	47,200	36,800	52,350	61,250	43,800	84,000	107,200	61,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	325	165	160	410	180	235	28,618,280	13,979,265	14,639,015	1,205	590	620
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,200	71,000	48,800	35,800	40,400	32,400	42,920	49,000	37,160	66,000	82,000	50,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	305	160	145	375	160	215	25,709,140	12,829,990	12,879,155	1,150	570	580
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	72,500	87,000	57,000	38,800	46,800	32,400	51,040	60,800	41,320	83,600	106,400	60,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	210	120	90	325	145	180	21,242,575	10,934,760	10,307,815	900	485	420
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	80,000	84,000	76,000	38,600	46,000	32,800	50,560	58,800	41,800	81,600	99,600	60,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	265	125	140	350	145	205	23,191,860	10,869,800	12,322,065	945	480	465
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,400	6,400	10,000	7,400	5,800	8,500	7,950	6,990	8,800	5,380	5,040	5,720
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20	0	0	40	0	35	2,430,165	1,181,385	1,248,780	25	15	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,500	...	...	3,600	...	3,600	7,560	6,880	8,210	13,000	12,000	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	360	175	185	455	200	255	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	1,390	700	690
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	100	55	45	155	85	65	9,831,805	5,446,500	4,385,305	460	290	165
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	98,000	111,000	89,000	48,400	55,600	48,400	60,000	66,000	53,600	111,000	117,000	95,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	108,000	124,000	84,000	56,000	61,000	52,000	73,200	81,900	62,250	125,600	140,000	100,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	95	55	35	120	40	75	7,934,985	3,759,675	4,175,305	285	100	190
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,600	31,600	47,600	24,200	28,200	13,300	24,200	28,000	21,800	27,600	17,200	31,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	61,000	56,000	72,000	26,800	32,000	24,000	35,200	41,280	29,720	46,000	56,000	40,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	92.0	94.0	84.0	85.0	90.0	80.0	87.6	91.2	83.0	94.8	96.0	93.0
Employment income (%)	68.0	66.0	70.0	74.0	80.0	69.0	71.8	75.0	67.2	72.8	76.5	67.0
Government transfers (%)	9.0	5.4	14.4	15.1	10.0	20.0	12.3	8.9	16.9	5.0	3.8	7.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	x	x	0.9	x	1.4	1.2	1.0	1.6	0.3	0.3	x
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	155	...	...	225	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	595	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	70,500	...	...	73,000	...	...	125,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	30	...	...	70	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	80	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,400	...	...	53,600	...	...	41,600	...	...	64,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,600	...	...	44,800	...	...	37,200	...	...	55,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	130	...	...	150	...	...	10,582,930	...	...	515	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	143,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	164,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	138,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	160	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	595	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	178,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	106,300	...	...	173,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	71,500	...	...	87,700	...	...	138,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	25	...	...	85	...	...	4,394,500	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	55,000	...	...	53,350	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,000	...	...	47,000	...	...	44,360	...	...	68,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	150	...	...	10,584,445	...	...	510	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	204,000	...	...	96,000	...	...	128,200	...	...	187,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	154,000	...	...	86,000	...	...	105,700	...	...	149,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	155	...	...	225	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	595	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0	...	...	165,175	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	91,750	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	178,475	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	274,140	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	637,695	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	505,875	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	488,735	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	560,950	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	572,650	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	559,155	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	1,093,185	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5	...	...	20	...	...	1,044,715	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	986,460	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	30	...	...	921,205	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	844,835	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	90	...	...	70	...	...	6,053,945	...	...	425	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	15	...	...	30	...	...	1,753,485	...	...	60	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	1,283,445	...	...	70	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	25	...	...	15	...	...	1,545,935	...	...	110	...	...
$200,000 and over	35	...	...	10	...	...	1,471,075	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	155	...	...	225	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	595	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0	...	...	186,735	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	95,195	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	183,430	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	289,545	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	681,900	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	589,110	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	582,275	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	666,675	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	676,995	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	655,100	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	1,285,425	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5	...	...	25	...	...	1,223,830	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	30	...	...	1,137,840	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	1,039,375	...	...	30	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	911,515	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	80	...	...	50	...	...	4,773,995	...	...	385	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	15	...	...	30	...	...	1,757,035	...	...	95	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	1,152,855	...	...	75	...	...
$150,000 and over	45	...	...	10	...	...	1,864,100	...	...	220	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	125	...	...	135	...	...	10,117,305	...	...	510	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...	93,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	164,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	50	...	...	3,929,500	...	...	155	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	96,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	81,000	...	...	79,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	50	...	...	4,311,315	...	...	315	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	194,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	136,000	...	...	194,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	159,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	159,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	15	...	...	25	...	...	1,547,920	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	69,500	...	...	70,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	60,400	...	...	64,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	30	15	15	115	50	60	5,922,660	2,927,295	2,995,365	95	35	60
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,800	x	x	40,400	35,600	43,600	38,400	40,000	36,800	60,800	70,000	60,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,200	x	x	36,400	31,400	38,800	34,800	36,000	33,600	54,000	56,400	52,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	135	...	...	125	...	...	10,113,100	...	...	510	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	196,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	128,600	...	...	186,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	150,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	105,600	...	...	148,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	45	...	...	3,926,040	...	...	180	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	260,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	112,500	...	...	140,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	175,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	70	...	...	50	...	...	4,318,755	...	...	285	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	220,000	...	...	128,000	...	...	160,600	...	...	224,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	175,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	130,600	...	...	176,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	30	...	...	1,539,580	...	...	40	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	60,000	...	...	82,300	...	...	140,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	52,000	...	...	56,000	...	...	71,800	...	...	110,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	30	0	20	130	55	70	5,916,895	2,916,490	3,000,405	95	30	60
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	64,000	x	50,000	46,000	52,000	42,000	49,440	52,050	46,880	78,000	110,000	64,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,000	x	45,000	40,000	44,000	36,000	41,560	43,080	40,120	64,000	80,000	56,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	415	205	210	510	245	260	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,250	1,765	880	885
0 to 17 years	105	50	55	95	50	40	7,196,545	3,696,540	3,500,005	485	250	235
0 to 5 years	25	10	15	30	15	15	2,225,085	1,140,315	1,084,775	90	45	50
18 to 64 years	200	105	95	325	155	170	22,545,065	11,159,405	11,385,665	1,050	525	525
65 years and over	110	50	60	90	40	50	6,586,865	3,081,285	3,505,580	235	110	125
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	20	10	10	55	20	30	4,016,065	1,881,305	2,134,765	80	40	40
0 to 17 years	5	0	5	10	0	10	854,565	439,490	415,075	25	20	10
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	5	0	5	282,315	144,250	138,065	0	5	0
18 to 64 years	10	5	10	30	15	10	2,175,755	1,050,115	1,125,640	45	20	25
65 years and over	5	0	5	15	5	10	985,745	391,695	594,050	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.5	4.0	5.0	10.8	9.5	12.0	11.1	10.5	11.6	4.8	5.0	4.6
0 to 17 years (%)	4.0	x	x	10.0	x	16.0	11.9	11.9	11.9	5.2	7.0	3.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	12.7	12.7	12.7	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	6.0	6.0	6.0	9.0	10.0	8.0	9.7	9.4	9.9	4.4	3.8	4.8
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	18.0	16.0	20.0	15.0	12.7	16.9	5.0	6.0	5.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	415	205	210	505	250	260	35,837,970	17,691,535	18,146,440	1,765	880	885
0 to 17 years	105	50	55	90	55	40	7,043,545	3,618,040	3,425,505	480	250	235
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	25	10	15	2,175,935	1,115,010	1,060,925	95	45	50
18 to 64 years	200	100	95	325	160	170	22,262,940	11,019,070	11,243,865	1,045	520	520
65 years and over	115	50	60	90	40	50	6,531,490	3,054,420	3,477,065	235	110	125
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	10	5	5	40	15	25	1,863,335	950,150	913,180	40	25	20
0 to 17 years	5	0	0	10	0	10	319,545	164,490	155,060	15	10	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,435	50,875	48,560	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	5	0	0	30	15	10	1,344,640	702,660	641,975	30	20	15
65 years and over	0	0	0	5	5	5	199,155	83,010	116,145	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.4	x	x	8.0	7.0	9.0	5.2	5.4	5.0	2.5	3.0	2.0
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	8.0	x	16.0	4.5	4.6	4.5	2.4	4.0	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	4.6	4.6	4.6	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	3.0	x	x	9.0	10.0	8.0	6.0	6.4	5.7	2.8	3.2	2.4
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	5.0	x	x	3.1	2.7	3.3	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	415	205	210	510	245	260	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,250	1,765	880	885
In bottom half of the distribution	120	50	65	310	140	170	18,164,550	8,775,210	9,389,345	385	190	200
In bottom decile	15	5	0	55	25	30	3,632,735	1,759,660	1,873,070	75	40	30
In second decile	25	15	15	70	25	40	3,632,975	1,695,310	1,937,660	55	25	30
In third decile	25	10	10	55	30	30	3,632,895	1,752,160	1,880,735	80	40	40
In fourth decile	20	10	15	65	30	35	3,632,745	1,775,535	1,857,210	65	25	35
In fifth decile	35	15	20	75	35	40	3,633,205	1,792,540	1,840,670	115	55	55
In top half of the distribution	300	155	145	195	105	90	18,163,925	9,162,020	9,001,900	1,375	690	685
In sixth decile	35	20	20	50	20	25	3,632,910	1,810,370	1,822,535	120	60	65
In seventh decile	35	10	20	40	20	20	3,632,765	1,819,535	1,813,230	170	95	80
In eighth decile	65	35	30	45	25	20	3,632,555	1,829,025	1,803,530	260	125	130
In ninth decile	75	40	35	40	25	15	3,632,930	1,841,520	1,791,415	330	160	165
In top decile	90	50	40	25	15	10	3,632,765	1,861,575	1,771,195	495	250	245
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	415	...	...	505	...	...	36,328,475	...	...	1,765	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.303	...	...	0.280	...	...	0.347	...	...	0.306	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.390	...	...	0.418	...	...	0.462	...	...	0.351	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.262	...	...	0.251	...	...	0.302	...	...	0.270	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.2	...	...	3.8	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	415	205	210	505	250	260	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	1,765	880	885
English only	380	190	190	470	225	245	25,261,655	12,620,855	12,640,800	1,590	800	795
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,087,895	1,914,500	2,173,390	0	0	0
English and French	35	15	25	25	10	10	6,581,680	3,244,350	3,337,330	165	80	90
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	10	5	10	689,725	284,170	405,555	10	5	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	415	205	210	505	250	260	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	1,765	880	885
English	415	205	210	490	240	250	27,643,140	13,696,115	13,947,025	1,725	860	865
French	0	0	0	5	5	5	7,828,545	3,854,435	3,974,110	25	15	10
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	5	476,175	237,635	238,535	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	10	5	10	673,100	275,685	397,420	10	5	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	415	205	210	505	250	260	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	1,765	880	885
Single responses	410	205	205	485	235	250	35,145,265	17,344,665	17,800,600	1,725	860	865
Official languages	370	185	185	365	175	185	27,296,445	13,583,930	13,712,510	1,425	725	700
English	365	185	185	360	170	185	20,107,200	10,036,360	10,070,835	1,400	710	690
French	0	0	0	5	5	0	7,189,245	3,547,565	3,641,675	25	15	10
Non-official languages	40	15	20	120	55	60	7,848,820	3,760,725	4,088,090	300	135	165
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	148,895	71,630	77,265	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	97,125	46,545	50,580	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,180	1,340	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	67,665	32,715	34,950	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,500	2,825	2,670	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,070	25,645	27,430	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	85	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	300	280	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,460	1,675	1,785	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,475	1,075	1,395	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,025	2,345	2,675	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,850	1,370	1,480	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,535	18,810	19,725	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,465	3,930	4,535	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	310	315	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,155	2,415	2,745	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,910	2,290	2,620	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,775	10,230	11,550	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	865	400	460	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,310	4,525	4,790	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,605	5,300	6,300	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	235	235	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	850	1,030	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,185	4,190	4,995	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,885	6,200	6,680	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,785	6,155	6,630	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	280	340	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	60	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,060	3,865	4,190	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	105	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,505	755	755	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	195	200	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	120	150	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	440	400	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	65	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	725	670	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	5	30	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	210	255	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	40	85	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	15	55	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	65	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,790	16,480	17,315	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	220	340	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	140	200	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	85	140	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,200	16,240	16,955	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	150	205	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	115	155	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	30	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	220	265	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	520	575	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	95	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	100	80	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	125	140	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	40	50	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	80	105	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	485	555	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	25	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	245	315	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	190	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	515	515	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	590	300	290	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	155	170	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	60	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	385	385	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	55	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	95	130	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	100	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	40	15	20	120	55	60	7,699,925	3,689,100	4,010,830	300	135	165
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	698,355	359,625	338,730	15	5	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,490	14,715	12,775	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,760	13,130	11,625	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,340	1,365	975	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	225	170	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,985	1,085	905	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	740	570	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	340	335	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	510	505	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,410	23,275	26,135	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,020	1,085	935	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,905	3,015	2,890	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,730	18,775	21,955	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	755	400	350	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	618,450	320,045	298,405	15	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,685	12,090	13,600	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	5	0	5	508,410	265,350	243,060	15	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,690	13,465	14,220	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,220	8,320	8,900	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,860	4,335	4,525	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	805	795	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	550	675	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,495	10,505	8,995	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,425	2,080	2,340	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,075	15,775	15,300	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	235	220	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	192,985	87,230	105,750	15	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,525	8,820	10,705	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	173,000	78,180	94,820	15	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	230	225	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	565,375	238,875	326,500	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,115	940	1,180	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,215	3,425	4,790	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,945	7,800	11,145	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	325	280	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,690	3,900	5,795	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,520	14,140	19,380	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,910	4,990	6,920	5	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,100	465	640	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	275	395	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,085	990	1,090	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	580	670	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	415	425	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	570	760	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,615	2,635	2,980	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,050	900	1,150	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	25	10	10	461,150	194,805	266,345	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,625	690	935	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,740	2,035	2,705	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,235	35,650	42,580	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,435	23,355	29,085	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	315	290	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	365	435	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,125	3,015	3,110	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	280	300	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,550	7,325	8,230	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,135	1,000	1,140	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	244,165	125,180	118,990	15	5	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,240	3,215	3,020	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,050	29,375	24,670	5	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	152,850	75,010	77,845	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,045	17,095	12,950	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	310	305	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	170	195	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,180	1,175	1,005	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	265	305	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	10	20	30	20	15	4,124,860	2,018,340	2,106,520	165	75	85
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,265	14,690	14,580	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,720	16,335	17,385	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	15	5	10	648,810	297,100	351,710	50	20	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,560	4,425	6,135	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,430	1,875	2,555	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,130	2,555	3,580	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	15	5	10	638,250	292,670	345,580	50	20	30
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	325	395	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,035	9,090	9,950	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,025	9,215	10,815	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,795	7,075	7,720	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	160,170	72,120	88,050	20	10	10
Russian	0	0	0	5	0	5	197,905	89,100	108,800	15	10	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	240	255	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,735	56,900	59,835	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,820	6,785	7,040	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,500	20,755	22,740	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,425	28,410	29,015	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,995	945	1,045	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,255	6,930	8,320	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,965	3,425	4,535	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	5	5	0	84,705	38,005	46,695	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	235	205	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,150	1,110	1,045	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	355	315	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	210	210	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	825	410	420	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	10	5	0	0	463,400	221,365	242,035	25	5	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	800	775	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	5	0	0	0	301,570	142,580	158,990	15	5	10
German	10	0	5	0	0	0	272,865	128,250	144,615	15	5	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,065	4,530	4,540	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,575	3,740	3,835	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,060	6,060	6,005	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,655	67,815	70,840	5	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,270	6,175	6,095	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,315	39,000	41,310	5	0	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,670	4,255	4,420	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	650	625	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,200	16,410	16,785	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,935	1,325	1,605	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	20,275	9,500	10,775	5	0	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,945	4,750	5,195	5	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	430	480	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,535	1,675	1,860	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,645	3,245	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	670	660	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	93,335	45,860	47,470	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	1,659,505	847,400	812,105	50	30	20
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	1,358,645	697,075	661,575	25	15	15
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	265	280	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,580	45,160	42,425	5	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,985	73,335	65,655	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	152,825	79,585	73,240	5	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,930	3,100	3,830	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	745	395	350	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,425	1,675	1,745	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,145	7,330	6,810	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,425	11,920	11,510	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,775	940	835	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,125	615	510	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	325	320	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	666,585	341,515	325,065	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	265	280	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,985	2,070	1,915	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,000	8,895	9,110	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	235,290	118,540	116,755	15	10	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,865	2,085	1,780	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	300,555	150,160	150,390	15	10	10
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	305	250	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,485	8,770	7,715	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	310	240	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,520	10,170	9,355	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	262,625	130,180	132,440	15	10	10
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,220	28,070	29,155	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	179,425	89,070	90,360	15	10	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,975	13,040	12,930	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	425	390	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	165	140	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	5	5	5	5	1,194,290	574,295	619,995	45	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	470	440	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	319,505	154,295	165,205	10	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	240,680	115,235	125,450	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	93,160	44,185	48,975	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	5	5	5	538,870	259,500	279,375	30	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,165	610	550	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	195	185	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,850	14,205	29,650	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	170,400	77,075	93,325	35	20	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,850	800	1,050	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	108,295	52,850	55,440	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,120	6,400	6,720	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,855	1,000	860	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,685	745	940	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	1,030	920	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,520	1,825	1,695	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	400	415	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,890	885	1,010	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	320	440	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	2,720	2,460	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,380	3,365	4,015	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,260	1,925	2,335	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	245	275	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	515	260	260	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	365	325	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	420	500	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,660	4,035	4,625	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	1,665	1,940	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	315	190	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	200	320	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,000	7,630	8,370	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	495	535	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,890	2,605	2,285	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,015	7,605	7,410	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,000	6,405	6,590	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,920	3,565	3,355	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	1,000	865	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	515	570	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,395	1,745	1,645	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	305	270	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,955	3,710	3,250	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,635	2,335	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	990	520	465	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	555	450	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	55	20	30	1,309,825	602,025	707,800	55	25	30
Chinese languages	5	5	5	55	20	30	1,292,640	593,580	699,055	55	25	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,765	4,420	5,345	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	10	5	679,255	310,750	368,510	40	20	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	665	645	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,805	12,415	15,390	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,880	3,995	4,880	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	35	15	15	553,380	255,540	297,835	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,610	5,500	6,110	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	630	295	330	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,600	8,160	8,445	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,305	1,590	1,710	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	400	475	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,520	2,240	2,275	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,900	1,940	1,960	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	305	315	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,025	3,475	3,545	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	445	440	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	285	295	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,350	8,605	13,745	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,485	5,475	6,010	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,455	2,960	7,495	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	165	240	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	53,520	28,385	25,135	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,490	2,460	2,030	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	540	230	305	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	5	44,190	23,615	20,570	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	660	690	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,805	890	920	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	530	620	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,180	31,000	37,180	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,485	1,945	2,535	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,200	5,075	7,120	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,500	23,980	27,525	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,060	540	520	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5	0	5	25	10	10	1,475,690	719,210	756,480	40	20	20
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	0	291,325	142,420	148,905	5	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	20	10	10	921,480	450,685	470,800	30	15	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	117,910	57,875	60,040	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,880	25,900	26,975	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	92,095	42,330	49,765	5	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	415	205	210	505	250	260	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	1,765	880	885
English	385	190	190	370	180	190	20,920,835	10,420,570	10,500,270	1,420	720	700
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,456,960	3,188,280	3,268,685	10	5	5
Non-official language	10	0	5	45	20	25	2,402,180	1,139,865	1,262,315	90	40	45
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,460	25,385	25,080	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	5	45	20	25	2,351,720	1,114,475	1,237,240	90	40	45
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	953,760	465,560	488,205	25	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	80	40	45	4,835,815	2,350,245	2,485,570	205	100	110
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	395,320	188,195	207,125	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	455,760	217,995	237,770	15	5	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	5	200,320	93,165	107,155	5	0	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	415	205	210	505	250	260	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	1,765	880	885
Single responses	410	200	205	485	235	245	35,057,615	17,305,575	17,752,035	1,710	850	860
Official languages	395	195	200	405	200	200	30,421,050	15,070,205	15,350,850	1,560	785	780
English	395	195	200	405	200	200	23,376,200	11,588,715	11,787,485	1,555	775	780
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,044,855	3,481,490	3,563,365	10	5	5
Non-official languages	10	5	10	85	40	45	4,636,560	2,235,370	2,401,190	150	70	80
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	85,835	42,950	42,885	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,135	25,010	25,120	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	495	480	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,255	19,165	19,090	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,345	2,285	2,060	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,700	13,425	13,270	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	30	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	300	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,545	1,225	1,315	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	305	360	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,455	730	725	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	830	430	405	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,585	10,400	10,180	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,710	3,190	3,520	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	260	245	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,650	1,250	1,395	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,595	1,225	1,365	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,250	4,100	4,155	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	105	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,540	2,305	2,235	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,480	1,685	1,800	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	200	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,925	1,405	1,515	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,260	3,675	3,585	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,230	3,655	3,575	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	100	125	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,255	2,610	2,650	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	390	315	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	110	95	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	220	175	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	755	420	335	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	85	75	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,295	13,695	13,600	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	65	80	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,140	13,625	13,520	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	130	130	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	40	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	110	130	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	65	60	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	55	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	115	105	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	65	55	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	40	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	5	10	85	40	45	4,550,725	2,192,420	2,358,305	150	70	80
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10	395,840	197,010	198,830	5	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,295	5,940	5,355	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,180	5,325	4,850	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	455	380	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	155	130	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	425	410	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	330	305	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	95	105	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	265	280	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,375	14,115	16,260	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,645	890	760	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,890	1,935	1,960	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,410	11,075	13,335	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	215	205	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10	352,790	176,270	176,520	5	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,030	6,470	7,565	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	5	10	285,915	143,650	142,260	5	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,740	9,940	10,800	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,935	6,150	6,785	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,585	3,185	3,400	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	605	615	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	305	380	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,515	4,355	4,160	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	360	435	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,860	11,050	10,810	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	135	115	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	127,730	58,660	69,070	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,650	4,765	5,880	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,785	53,735	63,055	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	326,245	149,550	176,700	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	370	395	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,125	1,895	2,230	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,195	4,720	5,480	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	110	85	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,015	2,265	2,750	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,350	8,350	10,000	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,150	1,985	2,170	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	265	320	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	150	170	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	370	355	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	170	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	205	190	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	145	140	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,030	1,435	1,590	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	310	375	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	20	10	10	275,045	125,870	149,170	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	325	360	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,100	1,000	1,105	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,195	15,455	19,740	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,610	9,620	12,990	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	125	175	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	150	210	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,640	1,760	1,880	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	135	160	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,120	3,275	3,845	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	395	475	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	169,705	85,265	84,440	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,060	1,575	1,485	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,390	19,010	16,380	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	112,335	54,240	58,095	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,470	10,215	8,250	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	120	120	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	105	105	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,335	730	610	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	105	120	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	5	5	5	5	5	2,264,155	1,111,775	1,152,380	60	25	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,110	7,005	7,100	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,970	10,415	11,550	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	303,480	143,495	159,985	20	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,495	1,120	1,380	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	395	485	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	720	895	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	300,985	142,375	158,610	20	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,315	5,005	5,310	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,680	2,705	2,980	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,105	2,880	3,225	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,140	30,225	34,915	5	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125,780	59,290	66,490	15	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	155	135	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,150	25,720	27,430	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	3,135	3,345	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,925	6,965	7,960	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,110	15,310	15,800	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	640	315	325	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,015	2,410	2,605	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	595	785	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,825	13,250	14,580	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	295	265	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	165	145	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	55	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	140,450	68,575	71,875	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	110	155	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	103,780	50,460	53,325	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,820	41,815	45,005	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,270	3,640	3,630	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,750	870	875	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,950	4,140	3,810	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,710	16,730	16,980	5	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,095	3,055	3,035	5	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,100	3,950	4,150	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,480	2,485	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	240	245	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,845	6,895	6,945	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	100	120	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	920	1,020	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	280	340	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	75	95	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	435	450	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	355	390	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,300	17,490	20,810	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,167,370	590,435	576,930	30	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	962,820	490,815	472,000	10	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	110	110	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,750	28,435	28,315	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	92,005	47,790	44,215	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,930	47,555	44,375	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,055	1,310	1,750	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	130	140	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	415	470	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,460	3,800	3,660	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,835	8,595	8,235	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	420	375	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	275	250	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	145	130	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	520,390	266,775	253,610	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	195	215	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,110	1,060	1,050	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,665	4,775	4,890	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	158,040	78,420	79,615	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,015	1,040	975	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	204,420	99,545	104,875	15	10	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	170	155	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,380	5,245	5,135	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	130	150	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,215	6,670	6,545	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	179,745	87,075	92,670	15	10	5
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,190	17,395	18,795	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125,840	61,060	64,780	15	10	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,715	8,620	9,095	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	250	225	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	577,735	273,965	303,770	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	185	190	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	92,755	38,750	54,005	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	118,730	56,685	62,045	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,090	23,135	24,955	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	317,365	155,005	162,360	5	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	210	220	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	95	95	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,055	8,290	11,765	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	125,525	58,250	67,275	30	15	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	505	545	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,600	18,055	20,545	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,000	2,755	3,240	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	280	280	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	150	215	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	225	245	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	665	650	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	115	150	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	260	295	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,530	770	765	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	1,205	1,520	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,520	655	860	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	60	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	130	160	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,780	1,760	2,025	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	480	555	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	145	85	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	45	85	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,055	3,290	3,765	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	130	160	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	1,040	910	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,395	2,505	2,890	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	1,250	1,470	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,155	1,555	1,600	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	485	420	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	295	355	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,465	705	760	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	75	70	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,160	7,005	5,160	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,175	4,660	3,515	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	830	645	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,515	1,000	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	40	20	25	967,965	450,210	517,755	35	15	20
Chinese languages	5	0	5	40	20	25	955,685	444,115	511,565	35	15	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,625	1,645	1,985	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	5	5	530,945	249,675	281,270	30	15	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	370	405	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,945	6,255	7,685	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,750	2,705	3,050	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	25	15	15	393,430	180,000	213,435	10	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,985	3,360	3,625	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	110	115	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,990	5,960	6,035	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,075	1,010	1,070	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	320	340	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,400	1,725	1,675	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,960	1,500	1,460	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	225	210	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,395	2,680	2,705	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	225	240	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	135	155	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,120	4,660	5,460	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,955	2,850	3,105	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,955	1,725	2,230	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	85	125	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,490	16,530	15,960	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,200	1,095	1,105	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	50	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,970	14,290	13,685	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	420	435	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	470	480	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	195	210	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,790	8,625	10,165	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	245	370	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	825	1,050	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,295	7,550	8,745	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	195	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5	5	5	25	10	10	1,563,345	758,295	805,045	50	30	25
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	230,955	112,070	118,880	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	25	10	10	1,123,355	546,255	577,095	45	25	25
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	125,525	60,405	65,125	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,805	27,370	29,430	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,705	12,190	14,515	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	415	205	215	505	245	260	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,085	1,765	880	885
None	395	195	200	435	215	225	31,053,450	15,366,470	15,686,980	1,565	790	775
English	5	5	0	30	10	15	1,956,965	969,380	987,580	50	20	25
French	5	0	0	0	0	0	571,040	268,530	302,510	25	15	10
Non-official language	15	5	5	35	15	15	2,248,130	1,071,870	1,176,260	100	45	60
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,565	29,285	34,280	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	5	5	35	15	15	2,184,565	1,042,590	1,141,975	100	45	60
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,185	42,600	43,585	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	323,845	161,995	161,850	5	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	134,565	61,575	72,995	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,870	5,975	5,895	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	234,905	115,470	119,430	10	0	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	465	230	225	520	245	275	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,310	1,735	865	870
Official languages	465	230	225	510	240	270	35,644,660	17,656,300	17,988,360	1,730	865	865
English	465	230	225	510	240	270	31,628,570	15,769,105	15,859,470	1,730	865	865
French	50	20	30	15	10	10	10,563,235	5,115,365	5,447,875	185	75	110
Non-official languages	75	35	45	255	115	135	10,724,700	5,156,300	5,568,400	360	160	205
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	243,155	116,360	126,795	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	163,815	78,135	85,675	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,680	3,120	3,560	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105,850	50,975	54,870	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,815	3,455	3,360	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,875	42,340	45,530	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	220	200	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	450	445	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,880	2,320	2,555	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,675	2,025	2,645	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,005	5,440	6,555	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,110	2,460	2,650	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,000	29,930	31,070	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,745	4,935	5,805	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	515	525	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,035	4,770	5,260	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,245	4,370	4,880	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	420	400	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,865	20,015	22,850	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	895	1,060	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,305	7,450	7,855	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,160	11,930	14,235	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,035	875	1,165	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	80	135	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,625	1,670	1,955	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,720	9,495	11,225	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	100	65	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,390	9,635	10,755	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,135	9,515	10,620	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	680	870	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	125	145	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,560	5,470	6,085	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	115	180	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,330	1,140	1,190	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	355	420	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	195	215	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	620	590	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	265	220	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	130	115	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	140	100	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,140	1,080	1,060	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	40	95	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	400	470	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	75	100	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	120	190	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	50	85	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	50	85	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	140	150	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	75	75	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	90	155	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,795	20,980	21,820	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	505	630	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	365	430	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	145	205	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,680	20,495	21,185	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,055	880	1,175	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	95	135	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,605	655	950	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	105	110	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	25	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	90	120	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	850	1,050	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,305	2,555	2,755	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	670	745	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	285	305	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	300	215	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	510	580	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	135	185	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	320	390	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	190	175	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,465	1,495	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	195	175	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,530	715	810	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	925	470	455	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	180	140	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,665	1,335	1,335	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	555	580	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	595	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	210	255	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,205	1,010	1,200	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	145	145	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	170	170	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	355	465	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	315	390	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	310	335	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	405	450	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	75	35	45	250	115	135	10,485,595	5,041,770	5,443,825	360	160	205
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,100,035	565,845	534,195	25	20	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,835	22,775	20,060	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,415	19,660	17,755	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,735	2,720	2,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	750	575	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,090	3,740	3,350	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,080	2,695	2,380	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	1,040	965	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,790	1,900	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	71,930	34,430	37,500	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,745	1,490	1,260	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,635	4,860	4,780	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,005	27,735	31,270	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,400	760	645	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015,485	524,700	490,780	25	20	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,305	23,910	24,395	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	838,045	436,510	401,540	25	20	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,655	19,690	19,965	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,865	11,765	12,100	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,285	6,625	6,655	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,195	1,625	1,570	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,000	925	1,075	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,205	42,515	40,685	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,535	3,080	3,450	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,970	23,120	22,845	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,760	1,065	695	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	260,030	120,035	139,995	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,390	13,100	15,290	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	232,800	107,435	125,355	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	455	455	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	50	20	30	793,275	336,445	456,840	30	10	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,260	1,975	2,275	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,990	4,625	6,375	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,045	13,790	19,250	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	900	865	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,385	6,650	9,735	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,680	25,280	36,400	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,815	8,895	10,915	10	0	10
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	770	1,175	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	345	510	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,885	1,960	1,920	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,355	1,215	1,140	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,565	785	780	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,770	4,995	5,775	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,555	4,690	5,865	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,455	1,885	2,575	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	50	20	30	737,565	310,735	426,830	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,520	1,910	2,610	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,140	8,785	11,355	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	184,840	85,045	99,790	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	134,895	61,215	73,680	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,675	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	870	1,090	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,345	7,620	7,725	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,535	785	750	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,220	14,400	16,825	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,585	4,575	5,005	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	359,485	185,160	174,325	25	10	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,420	9,660	8,760	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,910	42,025	35,890	15	0	15
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	237,890	119,570	118,320	25	10	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,685	30,575	24,110	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	935	835	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	450	520	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,015	1,565	1,445	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	365	360	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	70	25	40	80	35	45	5,849,775	2,867,575	2,982,195	230	100	130
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,345	19,410	18,935	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,500	21,675	22,825	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	35	25	10	820,305	384,390	435,915	15	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,890	5,900	7,985	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,020	2,595	3,425	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,895	3,325	4,570	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	35	25	10	809,985	380,025	429,960	15	0	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,825	1,185	1,640	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,210	11,805	12,400	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,625	13,595	15,030	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,015	10,965	12,050	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	10	0	204,460	94,135	110,325	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	25	20	10	309,235	145,375	163,860	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	345	330	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,775	76,800	78,975	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,380	12,555	12,825	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,845	36,015	37,830	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,735	41,550	42,185	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,085	1,590	1,500	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,905	9,455	11,450	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,650	4,715	5,935	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	10	15	131,655	59,230	72,425	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	385	385	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,485	5,430	5,055	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,360	2,940	2,415	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	1,050	1,120	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	1,015	1,155	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	495	415	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	0	25	10	10	0	658,705	319,800	338,905	55	35	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,835	1,480	1,350	0	0	0
High German languages	25	0	20	10	0	0	453,995	222,215	231,780	45	20	20
German	25	0	20	10	0	0	419,195	204,840	214,355	45	20	20
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,565	5,260	5,305	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,465	5,025	5,440	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,155	10,105	10,045	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	191,840	93,435	98,405	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,670	15,335	14,335	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	107,985	51,330	56,650	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,555	5,245	5,315	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	640	670	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,165	20,590	20,575	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,985	1,825	2,155	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,500	17,205	20,300	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,700	6,805	7,900	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	685	790	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,860	4,180	4,675	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,620	6,765	7,855	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	720	555	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	145,060	71,685	73,375	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,263,825	1,162,830	1,100,990	40	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,918,570	989,350	929,220	40	20	15
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,155	590	565	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	120,605	62,330	58,270	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	209,415	110,000	99,405	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	761,425	395,410	366,015	10	0	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,085	6,785	8,300	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	965	865	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,950	4,300	4,645	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,230	18,210	17,020	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,660	15,680	14,980	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,235	1,665	1,570	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,710	925	785	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	755	795	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	942,170	488,075	454,090	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	345	420	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,385	4,480	3,910	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,050	16,645	16,400	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	414,870	211,895	202,975	30	20	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,320	6,280	5,040	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370,520	186,750	183,770	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	565	420	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,035	13,005	11,030	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	535	470	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,695	16,810	14,885	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	326,285	163,665	162,620	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,220	38,765	39,460	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	222,160	111,750	110,415	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,345	15,460	14,880	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	970	855	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,135	1,245	895	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	15	0	25	0	20	2,054,885	975,310	1,079,575	140	50	85
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,855	1,560	1,305	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	0	10	547,655	263,950	283,705	25	10	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	336,865	164,985	171,880	10	0	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,520	55,570	60,950	0	0	0
Spanish	20	0	0	0	0	0	1,171,450	548,315	623,135	110	45	70
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,890	2,835	2,060	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,965	1,025	940	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,070	43,380	54,690	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	203,885	92,275	111,605	15	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,545	1,085	1,455	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	267,520	131,495	136,025	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,240	12,585	13,660	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,950	2,570	2,380	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,945	2,315	2,630	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,645	2,490	2,165	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,840	4,100	3,740	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,255	1,565	1,685	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,650	2,055	2,600	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,850	750	1,100	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,365	9,345	9,020	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,515	6,305	7,210	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,720	12,260	13,460	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,695	1,300	1,395	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,085	1,055	1,035	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,080	585	490	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,140	1,285	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,825	7,070	7,755	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,280	3,440	3,845	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	650	360	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,305	580	725	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,295	28,950	28,340	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,440	1,380	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,940	6,925	6,015	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,935	25,265	25,675	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,625	21,935	21,685	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,090	5,570	5,530	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,815	1,470	1,345	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	685	805	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,815	3,425	3,385	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	1,485	1,275	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,535	19,685	29,850	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,620	14,430	23,195	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,195	2,525	3,670	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,450	3,515	3,940	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	65	35	35	1,550,930	721,520	829,410	45	20	25
Chinese languages	0	0	0	65	35	35	1,528,860	710,700	818,160	45	20	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,830	6,845	7,980	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	35	15	20	987,300	452,995	534,305	35	15	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,825	840	980	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,755	22,840	28,920	15	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,660	6,060	7,600	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	30	20	15	724,925	335,185	389,740	15	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,720	5,695	6,020	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,185	560	625	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,300	10,955	11,345	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,935	2,910	3,025	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	520	620	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,705	2,790	2,915	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,030	2,490	2,545	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	395	450	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,160	4,565	4,590	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	890	1,050	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	540	680	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,705	14,255	19,440	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,630	8,320	9,310	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,575	6,955	11,615	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	330	465	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	40	15	25	91,375	47,575	43,800	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,875	5,380	4,490	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	600	815	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	40	15	25	78,500	41,130	37,365	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,660	790	875	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,290	1,645	1,640	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,150	980	1,165	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85,055	39,290	45,765	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,315	2,320	2,990	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,325	6,735	8,590	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,625	30,320	34,300	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,545	2,750	2,790	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	460	230	230	515	245	270	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	1,735	865	870
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	30	20	10	1,807,250	877,645	929,605	45	35	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	25	15	10	1,743,165	847,385	895,785	45	35	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,048,405	506,515	541,890	10	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	20	10	10	624,220	306,220	318,000	35	30	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70,540	34,645	35,895	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,855	13,645	15,215	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,225	16,620	18,610	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	425	210	215	495	230	260	34,521,230	17,059,520	17,461,710	1,695	830	865
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	460	230	230	515	245	270	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	1,735	865	870
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	10	10	0	831,720	402,310	429,405	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	425	210	215	510	235	270	35,496,755	17,534,850	17,961,905	1,730	860	870
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	160	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	595	...	...
Owner	150	...	...	170	...	...	9,955,975	...	...	525	...	...
Renter	10	...	...	65	...	...	4,953,840	...	...	65	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	69,130	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	160	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	595	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	65	...	...	2,248,280	...	...	125	...	...
Not condominium	160	...	...	165	...	...	12,730,660	...	...	470	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	160	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	595	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	132,060	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	0	...	...	2,124,485	...	...	30	...	...
2 bedrooms	0	...	...	55	...	...	3,829,965	...	...	105	...	...
3 bedrooms	45	...	...	120	...	...	4,982,900	...	...	190	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	110	...	...	55	...	...	3,909,525	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	160	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	595	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	10	...	...	45	...	...	4,662,125	...	...	75	...	...
5 rooms	10	...	...	40	...	...	2,323,910	...	...	75	...	...
6 rooms	20	...	...	50	...	...	2,037,185	...	...	90	...	...
7 rooms	40	...	...	55	...	...	1,796,855	...	...	65	...	...
8 or more rooms	85	...	...	35	...	...	4,158,855	...	...	290	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	8.0	...	...	6.0	...	...	6.1	...	...	7.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	160	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	595	...	...
One person or fewer per room	160	...	...	225	...	...	14,625,230	...	...	590	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	10	...	...	353,715	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	160	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	595	...	...
Suitable	155	...	...	225	...	...	14,173,290	...	...	590	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	10	...	...	805,650	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	160	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	595	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	0	...	...	3,027,045	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	155	...	...	165	...	...	4,171,840	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	55	...	...	1,982,515	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,805,985	...	...	155	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	0	...	...	959,860	...	...	245	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,034,925	...	...	160	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	0	...	...	967,540	...	...	15	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,029,220	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	160	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	595	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	140	...	...	210	...	...	14,059,395	...	...	585	...	...
Major repairs needed	20	...	...	15	...	...	919,545	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	160	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	595	...	...
One-maintainer household	55	...	...	140	...	...	7,659,700	...	...	280	...	...
Two-maintainer household	95	...	...	85	...	...	6,631,755	...	...	310	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	10	...	...	10	...	...	687,485	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	160	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	595	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	0	...	...	424,695	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	10	...	...	20	...	...	2,077,895	...	...	30	...	...
35 to 44 years	25	...	...	55	...	...	2,600,000	...	...	115	...	...
45 to 54 years	45	...	...	35	...	...	2,646,945	...	...	165	...	...
55 to 64 years	25	...	...	55	...	...	3,046,560	...	...	120	...	...
65 to 74 years	10	...	...	45	...	...	2,432,140	...	...	85	...	...
75 to 84 years	25	...	...	20	...	...	1,292,805	...	...	60	...	...
85 years and over	20	...	...	0	...	...	457,900	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	160	...	...	235	...	...	14,687,350	...	...	590	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	145	...	...	165	...	...	11,612,640	...	...	490	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	15	...	...	65	...	...	3,074,715	...	...	100	...	...
30% to less than 100%	0	...	...	60	...	...	2,742,920	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	160	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	590	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	45	...	...	85	...	...	4,379,420	...	...	110	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	20	...	...	60	...	...	2,728,995	...	...	95	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	10	...	...	595,110	...	...	10	...	...
Major repairs needed only	25	...	...	15	...	...	645,465	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	135,770	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	199,355	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	64,095	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	10,630	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	120	...	...	150	...	...	10,599,520	...	...	485	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	155	...	...	225	...	...	14,355,555	...	...	570	...	...
In core need	0	...	...	55	...	...	1,451,025	...	...	25	...	...
Not in core need	145	...	...	175	...	...	12,904,530	...	...	545	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	150	...	...	170	...	...	9,807,720	...	...	525	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	43.3	...	...	61.8	...	...	60.0	...	...	51.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	29.4	...	...	14.8	...	...	13.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	18.2	...	...	5.3	...	...	4.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	960	...	...	1,450	...	...	1,240	...	...	1,420	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,600	...	...	1,270	...	...	1,498	...	...	1,690	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	660,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	472,000	...	...	556,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	640,000	...	...	312,000	...	...	618,500	...	...	580,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	60	...	...	4,936,850	...	...	65	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	...	...	...	0.0	...	...	11.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	0.0	...	...	33.2	...	...	46.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	...	...	...	33.3	...	...	20.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	1,300	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,800	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	1,440	...	...	1,209	...	...	1,800	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	69,130	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	5.9	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	284	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	327	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	460	235	230	520	245	275	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,315	1,730	860	875
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	985,200	480,950	504,245	15	15	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	963,705	470,850	492,855	15	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	763,230	371,400	391,825	10	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	146,010	72,680	73,325	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,475	26,770	27,700	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,490	10,095	11,395	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,665	8,215	9,450	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,430	1,185	1,250	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	530	535	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	165	155	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	10	0	10	25	10	15	1,219,285	585,590	633,690	50	25	20
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	10	0	10	20	10	10	1,183,350	568,980	614,365	50	25	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	15	10	10	801,630	384,550	417,075	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	362,130	174,975	187,150	40	25	20
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,595	9,450	10,150	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,930	16,605	19,320	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,815	14,790	17,025	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,785	1,190	1,595	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	500	505	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	125	210	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	450	235	215	490	230	260	34,124,000	16,870,625	17,253,375	1,670	820	845
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	460	235	225	520	245	275	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	1,735	860	870
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	460	235	225	435	200	235	33,143,225	16,360,910	16,782,315	1,680	845	830
Canadian citizens aged under 18	145	80	70	75	50	25	6,784,875	3,486,545	3,298,330	455	240	215
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	310	150	160	365	155	210	26,358,355	12,874,365	13,483,990	1,220	600	615
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	0	0	0	85	45	40	3,185,250	1,576,255	1,608,995	60	20	35
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	460	235	225	520	245	275	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	1,735	860	870
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	405	215	190	305	145	160	27,042,120	13,461,515	13,580,610	1,440	730	705
Immigrants⁸¹	55	15	40	215	95	115	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,340	295	130	165
Before 1980	30	10	25	40	15	20	1,540,610	731,340	809,265	100	50	50
1980 to 1990	0	0	0	10	0	0	924,320	443,805	480,520	25	0	25
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	25	20	10	1,511,475	708,315	803,165	45	25	20
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	45	15	25	1,930,525	911,190	1,019,340	65	30	30
2011 to 2021⁸²	15	0	10	95	45	50	2,454,570	1,181,515	1,273,055	55	20	40
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	35	15	15	1,126,330	536,615	589,715	35	15	20
2016 to 2021	0	0	0	65	30	35	1,328,240	644,900	683,335	20	0	20
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	924,850	499,490	425,365	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	55	15	40	210	95	115	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,345	295	130	165
Under 5 years	0	0	0	20	0	20	748,265	377,795	370,470	40	20	20
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	55	40	20	1,438,440	730,675	707,765	65	30	35
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	35	20	20	1,594,290	720,630	873,660	45	20	30
25 to 44 years	30	10	25	80	35	45	3,783,335	1,782,805	2,000,525	120	60	65
45 years and over	10	0	0	15	0	10	797,180	364,260	432,920	20	0	15
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	55	15	40	210	95	115	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,345	295	130	165
Americas	0	0	0	20	0	20	1,203,180	546,325	656,855	60	35	25
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,450	22,405	26,050	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,570	36,675	43,900	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,450	24,430	25,015	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	85,530	37,870	47,660	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,945	44,585	55,360	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	145,360	63,430	81,925	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	90,585	42,215	48,370	10	10	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,420	13,925	17,490	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,035	29,110	35,930	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	256,090	115,380	140,705	30	20	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	250,760	116,305	134,460	10	0	0
Europe	35	10	30	30	25	10	1,967,620	955,840	1,011,785	85	30	50
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,925	17,705	18,220	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,675	18,115	18,560	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	121,525	63,845	57,685	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	10	0	0	0	126,470	60,560	65,915	20	0	15
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,715	27,050	27,665	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,050	14,595	16,450	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	204,065	101,445	102,625	10	0	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,830	39,020	36,810	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	135,030	60,660	74,370	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	128,795	62,880	65,910	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,770	40,820	45,955	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,840	35,185	46,650	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,925	15,480	16,450	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0	81,135	36,840	44,295	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	10	10	0	0	0	464,135	229,710	234,430	30	10	15
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	271,725	131,935	139,790	15	0	10
Africa	0	0	0	25	10	10	821,735	412,365	409,375	40	25	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,660	41,065	38,600	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,110	15,775	17,340	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,710	38,730	34,980	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,385	16,575	14,815	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,715	19,955	21,760	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,775	41,085	40,685	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,290	41,665	39,620	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,500	14,600	17,900	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,590	25,740	25,855	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	314,995	157,170	157,825	15	10	10
Asia	15	10	0	135	60	80	4,307,000	2,030,575	2,276,420	110	35	75
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	62,450	30,940	31,515	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	182,940	92,300	90,645	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	84,130	42,660	41,465	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	95,725	50,675	45,055	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	97,590	49,855	47,735	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	25	10	15	35,270	18,835	16,435	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	40	15	20	715,835	317,970	397,860	15	0	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	10	0	0	213,855	100,480	113,375	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,355	63,025	75,325	10	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,365	28,725	36,635	15	0	10
Philippines	0	0	0	35	15	25	719,580	305,115	414,460	30	10	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	182,095	82,670	99,425	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	70,090	35,675	34,415	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	898,050	451,120	446,930	15	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	234,105	118,390	115,715	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	136,240	66,215	70,030	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	375,340	175,930	199,410	10	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,965	31,055	30,910	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	0	0	0	60	25	35	1,328,240	644,900	683,340	25	0	20
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	154,490	74,275	80,215	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,895	9,340	10,560	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,455	5,090	6,365	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,550	5,155	5,400	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,155	7,740	7,420	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,150	8,405	8,745	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,875	19,790	20,085	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,060	2,980	4,075	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,350	15,785	17,570	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	134,425	69,310	65,120	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,175	14,560	12,610	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,365	2,660	2,705	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,355	4,000	2,350	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,240	2,470	1,770	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,905	4,335	6,570	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,515	6,570	7,945	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,755	13,550	9,200	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,120	21,160	21,960	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	206,965	102,875	104,090	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,745	7,530	8,220	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,935	2,420	2,510	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,795	5,545	6,250	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,915	4,200	4,720	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,915	3,795	4,125	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,120	6,285	5,835	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,330	8,755	7,575	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,385	4,415	4,970	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,835	6,025	6,810	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,360	20,575	19,780	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,315	3,240	3,075	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,510	4,290	4,220	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,690	2,375	2,315	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,155	4,185	3,975	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,960	19,250	19,715	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	60	30	35	823,205	393,110	430,090	15	0	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,730	6,290	6,440	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,185	6,670	6,515	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	118,035	50,365	67,665	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,495	2,880	3,620	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	246,995	128,205	118,790	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,650	12,310	13,340	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,715	8,835	8,875	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,850	2,565	2,290	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,445	1,035	3,410	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,635	2,375	2,260	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,985	8,790	12,200	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,980	5,120	4,860	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,890	2,475	2,415	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,255	18,070	18,190	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	151,490	66,720	84,765	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,560	5,195	4,365	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,480	4,010	4,465	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,130	32,725	30,410	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,150	5,520	4,635	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,405	4,325	4,085	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,725	5,605	9,125	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,410	13,035	17,375	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,160	5,335	3,825	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,535	3,845	2,685	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,625	1,490	1,135	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	460	230	225	520	245	275	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	1,735	865	870
First generation¹⁰⁰	65	25	40	215	100	115	9,606,595	4,631,905	4,974,690	335	145	190
Second generation¹⁰¹	90	35	55	100	50	50	6,393,310	3,207,980	3,185,330	365	195	175
Third generation or more¹⁰²	310	170	140	205	95	105	20,328,565	10,097,280	10,231,290	1,035	525	510
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	20	0	15	175	80	95	6,820,895	3,244,820	3,576,075	195	80	115
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	20	0	15	115	50	60	3,673,705	1,837,625	1,836,090	135	70	70
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	15	0	10	25	15	10	1,556,675	935,790	620,885	60	35	20
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	0	0	0	90	40	50	2,117,030	901,835	1,215,200	80	30	55
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	0	0	0	15	10	15	2,016,010	821,325	1,194,685	55	10	40
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	45	25	20	1,039,275	543,725	495,550	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,900	42,145	49,755	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	20	0	15	175	80	95	6,820,895	3,244,820	3,576,075	195	80	115
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	416,105	222,895	193,205	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	10	0	10	15	10	10	705,405	324,370	381,035	35	0	30
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	183,250	92,135	91,110	10	0	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	377,130	188,535	188,590	15	10	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,540	15,685	23,855	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	0	0	0	145	60	85	5,099,470	2,401,190	2,698,280	140	60	75
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	460	230	230	520	245	270	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	1,735	865	870
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	20	15	10	180	80	100	9,639,205	4,712,790	4,926,415	330	165	170
South Asian	0	0	0	15	0	10	2,571,400	1,324,120	1,247,275	85	35	50
Chinese	0	0	0	65	35	35	1,715,770	808,745	907,035	85	30	55
Black	0	0	0	25	10	15	1,547,870	754,100	793,765	15	10	10
Filipino	0	0	0	50	20	25	957,355	427,755	529,600	35	25	15
Arab	0	0	0	0	0	0	694,015	362,845	331,170	20	10	0
Latin American	0	0	0	0	0	0	580,235	281,030	299,200	15	10	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	390,340	184,120	206,220	10	0	10
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	360,495	181,795	178,695	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	218,140	101,855	116,285	20	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,890	42,315	56,575	10	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	172,885	83,310	89,580	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0	0	0	331,805	160,790	171,010	35	25	10
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	435	220	220	340	170	170	26,689,275	13,224,375	13,464,900	1,400	700	700
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	460	235	225	520	245	275	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	1,735	860	870
Canadian	70	45	25	25	15	10	5,677,205	2,836,675	2,840,530	115	50	65
English	110	65	50	80	40	35	5,322,830	2,600,245	2,722,580	390	170	220
Irish	110	40	70	45	25	20	4,413,120	2,102,610	2,310,505	375	195	175
Scottish	90	50	40	50	30	15	4,392,200	2,131,620	2,260,580	300	150	150
French, n.o.s.¹²²	25	15	10	30	10	15	3,985,945	1,964,695	2,021,250	165	65	100
German	90	60	30	60	20	45	2,955,695	1,449,465	1,506,230	430	220	215
Chinese	0	0	0	30	10	25	1,713,870	806,365	907,500	100	45	55
Italian	30	20	10	15	0	10	1,546,390	774,250	772,140	90	55	35
Indian (India)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,347,715	691,535	656,185	55	15	40
Ukrainian	35	10	30	65	40	25	1,258,635	612,455	646,175	180	70	105
Dutch	25	10	20	20	10	10	988,585	489,045	499,545	155	85	70
Polish	40	20	20	0	0	0	982,820	472,290	510,525	110	50	55
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	981,635	490,130	491,510	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	70	35	35	50	30	20	938,950	462,420	476,530	110	55	60
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	925,490	414,915	510,570	35	30	10
French Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	906,315	441,610	464,705	10	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	691,260	347,080	344,175	15	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	632,340	304,220	328,120	10	10	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	560,335	271,985	288,350	50	30	20
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	10	0	0	0	0	0	551,910	278,060	273,850	35	10	20
Russian	0	0	0	15	0	10	548,140	260,075	288,065	25	10	15
Norwegian	30	10	10	15	10	0	466,500	224,290	242,210	110	50	60
Welsh	20	10	10	25	10	10	455,720	216,490	239,230	35	20	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	448,305	222,770	225,535	25	10	20
American	0	0	0	0	0	0	353,495	172,240	181,255	50	15	35
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	342,040	160,475	181,570	25	10	15
Swedish	30	10	15	0	0	0	334,505	156,840	177,665	90	40	45
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	320,150	155,755	164,395	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	305,170	145,500	159,675	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	303,260	154,435	148,825	30	20	10
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	301,955	148,335	153,625	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	282,015	141,530	140,490	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	279,950	145,620	134,330	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	275,530	131,075	144,445	20	10	10
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	263,710	138,210	125,500	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	262,140	132,975	129,160	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	249,070	119,265	129,805	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	226,220	107,785	118,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	15	10	10	219,855	105,825	114,030	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	217,650	101,805	115,845	15	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	215,885	103,720	112,165	10	0	10
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	210,605	107,990	102,615	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	200,465	100,790	99,675	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	200,340	99,800	100,540	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	196,945	96,220	100,725	35	15	20
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	194,840	94,035	100,810	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	194,640	101,255	93,385	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	189,535	92,740	96,800	20	10	10
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	182,175	90,150	92,030	25	25	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	178,990	84,510	94,490	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	166,160	87,665	78,495	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,495	77,435	78,055	25	10	15
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,095	77,735	77,360	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	145,570	72,015	73,555	20	10	10
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	144,055	69,270	74,785	15	10	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	132,410	65,175	67,240	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	130,820	64,915	65,905	10	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	129,425	56,850	72,580	15	10	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	120,125	60,575	59,550	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	10	0	0	111,605	53,700	57,905	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	15	0	10	110,735	54,730	56,005	10	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	105,620	54,095	51,525	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	105,245	55,230	50,020	15	10	10
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	104,765	51,375	53,395	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	102,170	51,165	51,005	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	101,990	50,370	51,620	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	100,555	47,995	52,560	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,980	50,835	49,150	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,925	47,495	51,430	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,250	49,385	48,865	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	97,210	46,270	50,940	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	96,810	48,255	48,550	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	94,585	44,335	50,250	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	93,360	46,945	46,410	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	92,220	44,610	47,600	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,670	45,665	46,005	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,680	39,485	42,195	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,555	39,675	40,880	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,340	41,415	38,925	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,405	37,655	39,750	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	35	15	25	76,745	39,955	36,795	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,675	37,315	39,365	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,425	39,085	36,335	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,770	38,035	35,740	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	71,755	34,670	37,085	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,540	34,680	34,860	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,850	34,105	34,745	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,210	33,475	34,740	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,780	31,525	35,255	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,555	31,555	33,995	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,020	29,280	34,740	20	10	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,300	29,865	29,435	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,280	29,150	30,130	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,050	26,385	32,670	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,870	27,845	31,025	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,840	30,560	28,280	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,195	25,715	31,475	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,070	27,025	29,040	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,085	23,685	28,395	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,040	24,510	27,530	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,840	24,885	24,955	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,765	24,165	22,595	35	30	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,905	23,930	21,975	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,685	22,520	23,165	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,260	22,000	23,260	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,720	21,700	23,025	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,545	20,675	21,875	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,405	20,105	22,300	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,295	19,925	22,370	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,075	21,740	20,330	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,950	19,835	22,115	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,700	22,325	19,370	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,620	21,050	20,570	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,670	20,210	20,455	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,440	19,500	19,940	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,595	18,785	19,815	10	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,520	18,935	19,585	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,670	18,235	19,435	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,970	19,580	17,385	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,290	18,185	18,110	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,395	17,140	18,250	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,345	18,410	16,940	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,330	16,485	16,845	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,135	15,355	17,775	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,085	16,235	16,850	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,575	16,525	16,055	15	15	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,720	15,650	16,065	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,440	15,265	16,175	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,430	15,700	15,730	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,565	14,635	15,930	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,465	16,585	13,875	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,220	15,225	14,995	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,065	14,830	15,235	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,490	14,320	14,170	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,395	13,220	15,175	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,225	13,490	14,735	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,140	13,515	14,620	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,675	13,830	12,850	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,535	12,960	13,580	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,460	13,920	12,540	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,330	11,910	14,415	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,875	12,500	13,375	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,575	11,860	13,715	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,200	12,495	12,710	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,420	12,265	12,155	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,325	12,230	12,095	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,255	11,510	12,745	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,110	11,540	12,570	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,500	11,665	11,840	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,455	11,080	12,375	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,130	12,670	10,460	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,020	11,040	11,980	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,785	11,695	11,090	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,785	11,680	11,105	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,570	11,405	11,165	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,275	8,525	13,750	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,125	10,615	11,510	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,975	11,215	10,765	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,565	10,595	9,975	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,685	9,730	9,955	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,305	9,890	9,415	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,850	9,055	9,795	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,745	9,030	9,710	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,545	8,975	9,570	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,420	8,545	9,870	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,190	8,850	9,340	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,955	8,625	9,330	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,755	9,275	8,470	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,485	8,825	8,665	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,465	8,710	8,755	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,315	7,300	10,020	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,050	7,935	9,115	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,570	8,255	8,310	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,315	8,565	7,750	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,910	7,715	8,195	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,780	7,505	8,280	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,660	7,485	8,175	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,650	7,290	8,360	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,340	8,155	7,190	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,055	7,180	7,875	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,010	7,255	7,755	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,265	6,730	7,535	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,260	6,525	7,735	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,110	6,810	7,295	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,910	7,435	6,470	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,840	6,730	7,120	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,755	7,020	6,730	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,565	6,510	7,055	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,525	6,610	6,915	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,245	5,800	7,445	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,225	7,055	6,170	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,095	6,530	6,565	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,065	6,175	6,885	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,890	6,150	6,740	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,890	5,965	6,930	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,490	6,580	5,910	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,115	6,080	6,035	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,080	5,905	6,170	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,710	5,980	5,730	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,920	5,370	5,550	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	5,080	5,745	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,750	5,130	5,620	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,490	4,710	5,775	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,275	4,950	5,325	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,015	4,975	5,045	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,955	5,115	4,840	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,915	5,165	4,750	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,835	5,135	4,695	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,825	5,195	4,625	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,795	4,725	5,065	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,700	4,710	4,990	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,455	4,705	4,755	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,350	4,650	4,700	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,165	4,435	4,725	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,150	4,385	4,760	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,090	4,240	4,850	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,970	4,235	4,735	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,400	4,270	4,125	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,315	4,220	4,090	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,310	3,765	4,545	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,285	3,910	4,375	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,255	4,425	3,830	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,140	3,945	4,195	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,115	3,995	4,130	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,080	3,830	4,250	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,945	4,265	3,680	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,745	4,030	3,710	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,660	3,870	3,790	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,640	3,835	3,805	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,635	3,690	3,950	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,535	3,305	4,230	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,480	3,865	3,620	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,415	3,615	3,800	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,390	3,700	3,695	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,285	3,340	3,945	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,225	3,355	3,875	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,220	3,515	3,705	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	3,630	3,180	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,670	3,730	2,945	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,545	3,225	3,320	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,265	3,230	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	2,945	3,535	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,255	3,085	3,170	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,165	3,020	3,145	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,060	2,755	3,305	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,050	3,065	2,985	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,985	2,995	2,995	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,980	2,965	3,015	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,945	3,010	2,930	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,925	2,855	3,075	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	460	230	230	515	245	270	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	1,735	865	870
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	356,975	157,435	199,540	0	0	0
Christian	245	120	120	280	125	150	19,373,325	9,131,320	10,242,005	965	440	520
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	70	35	30	25	15	10	2,760,760	1,319,760	1,440,995	185	100	85
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	144,145	70,095	74,050	0	0	0
Anglican	30	15	15	20	0	15	1,134,315	515,270	619,045	45	15	25
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	436,940	200,325	236,615	25	10	10
Catholic	95	40	50	110	60	45	10,880,360	5,193,345	5,687,010	360	135	220
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	20	10	10	623,010	301,055	321,955	30	15	15
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	137,255	59,505	77,750	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,725	41,365	46,360	40	10	25
Lutheran	10	0	0	25	10	15	328,045	150,115	177,925	70	35	35
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	100,655	46,640	54,020	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	399,025	180,870	218,155	20	15	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	301,400	136,440	164,960	25	10	10
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,870	39,250	40,620	0	0	0
United Church	30	15	15	20	0	15	1,214,185	531,740	682,445	105	45	55
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	15	10	10	745,650	345,540	400,110	55	30	25
Hindu	0	0	0	10	0	10	828,195	430,135	398,060	20	10	10
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	335,295	164,220	171,070	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,775,715	904,205	871,510	30	25	10
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	771,790	394,345	377,445	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,685	38,460	42,230	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	10	0	10	229,015	97,645	131,370	15	10	0
No religion and secular perspectives	200	100	100	180	95	90	12,577,475	6,619,395	5,958,080	670	370	300
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	460	235	220	520	245	275	35,986,480	17,761,880	18,224,600	1,725	860	860
Non-movers	430	215	220	440	205	235	31,600,930	15,595,875	16,005,050	1,665	835	835
Movers	25	20	0	80	40	35	4,385,555	2,166,005	2,219,550	55	25	30
Non-migrants	25	20	0	75	40	35	2,572,400	1,270,395	1,302,005	55	25	30
Migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,813,155	895,610	917,550	0	0	0
Internal migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,519,200	748,025	771,180	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250,235	612,810	637,425	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	268,965	135,215	133,750	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	293,955	147,585	146,370	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	435	215	215	495	230	265	34,504,330	17,002,250	17,502,080	1,665	835	830
Non-movers	340	165	175	300	130	160	21,061,090	10,370,425	10,690,660	1,250	645	605
Movers	100	50	40	200	100	100	13,443,240	6,631,825	6,811,420	415	190	230
Non-migrants	60	35	25	125	55	75	5,773,890	2,840,425	2,933,460	285	130	155
Migrants	35	20	15	75	40	30	7,669,355	3,791,400	3,877,955	135	60	75
Internal migrants	35	20	15	40	25	15	5,976,960	2,932,205	3,044,755	60	35	25
Intraprovincial migrants	15	0	10	25	15	10	5,055,615	2,472,510	2,583,105	35	25	10
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	10	10	10	0	921,345	459,695	461,650	20	10	10
External migrants	0	0	0	30	15	15	1,692,390	859,195	833,200	75	25	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	360	175	185	455	200	255	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	1,390	700	690
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	65	35	30	95	45	45	5,474,175	2,907,175	2,567,000	130	95	40
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	295	145	155	355	155	205	24,861,745	11,954,065	12,907,675	1,260	610	655
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	200	105	90	305	135	170	19,568,265	9,620,340	9,947,925	845	405	440
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	0	0	0	30	10	15	2,271,360	1,309,215	962,140	0	0	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	195	100	90	275	125	150	17,296,905	8,311,120	8,985,780	845	405	440
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	355	175	180	455	200	250	30,335,915	14,861,245	15,474,670	1,395	700	690
No certificate, diploma or degree	55	25	30	85	50	35	4,899,580	2,534,175	2,365,395	135	90	45
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	70	40	30	120	40	75	8,097,295	4,022,790	4,074,505	300	140	165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	235	110	130	250	110	140	17,339,045	8,304,275	9,034,770	955	465	490
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	105	55	45	150	55	90	9,252,800	4,623,985	4,628,815	355	175	180
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	45	35	10	30	20	10	2,641,555	1,811,500	830,055	50	40	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	20	20	0	15	0	10	1,458,160	827,980	630,185	25	15	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	30	25	0	15	15	0	1,183,395	983,525	199,870	25	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	50	15	35	105	30	75	5,714,490	2,439,925	3,274,560	270	125	145
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	15	0	10	896,755	372,560	524,195	35	15	25
Bachelor's degree or higher	130	45	85	105	60	45	8,086,245	3,680,285	4,405,955	600	290	310
Bachelor's degree	70	20	50	95	55	45	5,295,360	2,339,045	2,956,315	455	200	250
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	0	0	0	556,510	243,200	313,310	35	25	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	214,105	108,000	106,105	10	10	0
Master's degree	60	25	35	0	0	0	1,740,605	824,250	916,355	85	50	30
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	279,660	165,795	113,870	15	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	195	105	95	305	130	170	19,568,260	9,620,335	9,947,920	850	410	445
No certificate, diploma or degree	0	0	0	25	15	15	1,931,855	1,094,855	837,000	0	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	20	20	0	90	35	50	4,501,365	2,349,540	2,151,825	110	55	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	175	75	95	190	85	105	13,135,045	6,175,940	6,959,105	735	350	385
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	60	40	25	105	35	65	6,703,100	3,338,215	3,364,885	250	125	125
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	30	25	0	20	15	0	1,886,510	1,280,245	606,260	25	15	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	10	10	0	10	0	0	1,050,285	586,420	463,865	20	15	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	25	20	0	10	10	0	836,220	693,830	142,395	10	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	30	10	20	70	20	55	4,193,505	1,796,935	2,396,575	195	95	100
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	10	0	0	623,090	261,035	362,050	30	10	20
Bachelor's degree or higher	110	40	70	85	45	35	6,431,940	2,837,720	3,594,215	490	230	260
Bachelor's degree	50	15	40	80	45	35	4,177,455	1,808,555	2,368,900	390	180	210
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	0	0	0	430,875	179,230	251,645	35	15	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	167,730	75,120	92,615	0	0	0
Master's degree	50	20	35	0	0	0	1,446,435	659,295	787,145	60	30	35
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	209,445	115,530	93,915	10	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	360	175	180	455	200	250	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,675	1,390	695	695
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	120	70	55	205	90	110	12,996,870	6,556,970	6,439,900	435	235	205
Education	0	0	0	10	0	10	1,113,015	258,365	854,655	75	10	65
13. Education	0	0	0	10	0	10	1,113,015	258,365	854,655	75	10	65
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	0	0	0	631,255	274,065	357,190	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	74,785	53,390	21,395	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	0	0	0	556,470	220,680	335,790	10	0	10
Humanities	0	0	0	15	0	10	926,560	354,120	572,440	65	25	40
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	106,345	23,460	82,885	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	184,600	53,020	131,580	20	0	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	316,050	119,215	196,830	10	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,935	6,835	12,095	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,745	33,040	24,700	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,510	46,140	31,365	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	108,935	58,310	50,620	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,440	14,090	42,345	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	10	30	25	10	10	2,016,125	670,770	1,345,360	115	40	80
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,430	7,065	22,365	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	0	0	0	233,400	88,205	145,200	20	0	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	344,150	27,905	316,240	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	325,785	115,335	210,445	20	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,855	16,000	33,850	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	327,965	79,295	248,665	30	0	30
45. Social sciences	20	0	10	0	0	0	705,540	336,960	368,580	40	35	0
Business, management and public administration	70	35	35	55	20	40	3,758,250	1,488,175	2,270,075	225	110	115
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,335	1,705	3,630	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	272,240	55,995	216,245	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	70	35	35	50	15	40	3,480,675	1,430,475	2,050,200	215	110	105
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	10	0	0	719,715	353,540	366,175	75	40	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	297,055	121,615	175,435	20	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,955	72,245	83,705	25	10	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,380	14,950	20,430	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	196,620	130,745	65,875	20	20	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,710	13,985	20,730	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	804,230	531,435	272,795	50	25	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	643,145	454,370	188,775	35	20	15
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,085	7,100	35,985	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,360	57,560	41,800	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,640	12,400	6,240	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	60	50	10	60	50	10	3,506,120	3,131,220	374,900	170	150	20
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	135,020	81,930	53,090	0	0	0
14. Engineering	20	15	0	20	15	0	900,475	723,080	177,395	85	75	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	20	10	0	726,155	638,355	87,800	45	45	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	190	390	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	25	20	0	15	15	0	703,905	683,060	20,845	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	659,480	640,895	18,590	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	380,505	363,710	16,795	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	407,545	234,360	173,175	10	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	262,580	140,520	122,070	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	144,960	93,845	51,115	0	0	0
Health and related fields	35	0	35	45	10	35	2,444,500	485,615	1,958,885	130	35	90
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	180,785	89,005	91,780	20	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	35	0	35	35	0	35	2,194,395	360,540	1,833,855	110	30	80
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,255	1,425	3,825	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,030	34,630	29,400	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0	15	0	10	1,006,425	520,970	485,455	35	15	15
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	15	0	10	548,520	151,115	397,410	20	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,965	3,520	445	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,900	6,210	690	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	227,835	160,930	66,905	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	219,205	199,190	20,010	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,305	1,640	3,665	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	200	105	90	300	135	170	19,568,260	9,620,340	9,947,925	850	410	440
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	30	30	0	110	50	65	6,433,215	3,444,395	2,988,825	115	60	55
Education	10	0	10	10	0	0	742,175	158,185	583,990	60	10	50
13. Education	10	0	10	10	0	0	742,175	158,185	583,990	60	10	50
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	0	0	0	490,455	210,500	279,955	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,645	38,170	16,475	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	0	0	0	435,815	172,330	263,480	0	0	0
Humanities	0	0	0	15	0	10	649,695	241,235	408,465	45	25	20
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,235	16,400	62,835	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	134,815	37,610	97,210	20	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	216,725	80,505	136,220	10	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,910	4,540	8,370	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,640	23,645	17,990	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,920	29,245	19,675	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,415	40,800	37,615	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,045	8,490	28,555	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	35	0	30	25	15	10	1,588,720	502,835	1,085,885	95	30	60
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,895	5,520	18,370	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	10	10	0	196,475	72,125	124,350	15	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	270,970	20,095	250,875	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	261,265	82,850	178,420	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,830	12,160	25,670	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	249,205	55,840	193,365	25	0	25
45. Social sciences	20	0	15	0	0	0	549,090	254,250	294,840	35	25	0
Business, management and public administration	45	25	20	50	15	25	2,941,315	1,140,050	1,801,260	200	100	105
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,995	1,335	2,665	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	213,140	40,230	172,910	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	45	25	20	40	15	25	2,724,175	1,098,490	1,625,685	190	95	100
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	0	0	0	513,555	241,780	271,785	60	30	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	227,460	90,390	137,075	20	10	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	108,350	48,075	60,280	15	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,270	5,690	8,580	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	140,510	88,540	51,970	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,960	9,090	13,870	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	667,305	445,970	221,330	45	20	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	554,185	392,835	161,350	25	15	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,610	4,720	22,885	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	70,940	39,000	31,940	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,565	9,415	5,155	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	40	35	10	45	40	10	2,611,205	2,292,785	318,420	115	100	15
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	105,845	61,230	44,605	0	0	0
14. Engineering	15	10	0	15	10	0	724,235	568,385	155,850	60	50	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	10	0	536,600	464,510	72,090	35	35	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	160	350	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	0	0	0	510,105	493,000	17,100	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	467,225	452,385	14,840	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	266,690	253,110	13,585	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	314,120	170,440	143,680	10	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	199,335	99,700	99,635	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	114,780	70,745	44,040	0	0	0
Health and related fields	20	0	20	35	0	30	1,839,975	371,180	1,468,795	95	30	65
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	139,280	67,885	71,385	20	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	0	20	30	0	30	1,648,120	279,090	1,369,030	75	20	55
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,430	945	3,485	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,115	23,255	24,860	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0	15	0	10	772,450	399,835	372,615	20	10	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	15	0	10	414,520	112,935	301,590	15	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,955	2,575	375	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,850	3,415	435	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	183,025	128,295	54,725	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	168,105	152,620	15,485	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,075	1,150	2,930	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	200	105	90	300	135	170	19,568,260	9,620,340	9,947,925	850	410	440
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30	30	0	110	50	65	6,433,215	3,444,395	2,988,825	115	60	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	170	80	90	190	85	105	13,135,040	6,175,940	6,959,100	740	350	385
Location of study inside Canada	155	80	75	120	50	70	10,490,520	4,926,390	5,564,130	600	285	310
Same as province or territory of residence	120	65	60	90	45	45	9,251,025	4,324,195	4,926,830	440	220	220
Different than province or territory of residence	25	10	15	30	0	25	1,239,495	602,195	637,300	155	65	90
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	20	0	20	70	35	35	2,644,520	1,249,550	1,394,970	140	65	75
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	483,810	238,040	245,775	60	25	35
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	279,005	143,575	135,435	40	25	20
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,400	16,175	20,230	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,345	4,275	4,070	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,620	5,645	4,970	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,780	6,110	6,670	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,050	18,445	21,605	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,165	13,875	17,295	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,780	3,025	4,750	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,655	5,330	7,320	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,000	21,575	23,425	0	0	0
Europe	15	0	15	15	10	0	543,725	281,205	262,520	15	10	10
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,795	4,260	3,535	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	97,770	53,930	43,840	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,450	12,070	10,380	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	6,065	4,765	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,470	4,420	4,050	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,160	2,465	2,700	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,055	4,165	4,890	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,215	11,115	14,100	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,250	16,190	16,060	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,095	16,250	19,845	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	10	0	36,405	16,635	19,775	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,040	9,175	6,865	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	151,900	81,980	69,920	15	10	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,030	2,915	3,115	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,895	5,055	3,840	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,745	4,470	4,280	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	60,615	30,055	30,560	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0	216,815	111,010	105,805	15	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,280	16,395	16,880	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,230	17,020	16,210	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,640	12,125	11,510	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,655	7,100	5,555	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,255	15,145	15,115	10	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,060	9,900	9,160	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,700	33,325	31,385	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	40	20	20	1,352,215	594,805	757,410	45	20	30
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,630	30,180	36,450	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,515	8,250	8,265	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,355	5,725	5,630	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,565	9,355	10,210	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,405	7,885	8,520	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,855	6,595	5,260	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	15	10	0	201,100	87,370	113,720	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,520	4,750	9,770	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,325	7,445	10,875	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,605	5,280	13,325	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,575	20,575	33,000	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	15	0	10	305,795	115,370	190,420	15	0	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,500	4,490	8,005	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,000	11,360	13,645	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,085	7,090	7,995	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	405,850	199,380	206,475	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,155	35,055	40,100	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,385	28,650	35,735	10	0	10
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,960	24,495	23,460	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,525	19,270	19,250	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,785	4,300	3,485	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	930	730	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	355	175	180	455	200	250	30,335,915	14,861,245	15,474,670	1,395	700	690
In the labour force	215	120	95	290	140	150	19,310,345	10,056,270	9,254,070	885	455	420
Employed	195	100	90	265	130	130	17,321,695	9,056,680	8,265,025	770	410	360
Unemployed	25	20	0	25	10	10	1,988,645	999,600	989,045	115	45	70
Not in the labour force	145	55	90	165	60	105	11,025,575	4,804,970	6,220,605	510	240	270
Participation rate	60.6	68.6	52.8	63.7	70.0	60.0	63.7	67.7	59.8	63.4	65.0	60.9
Employment rate	54.9	57.1	50.0	58.2	65.0	52.0	57.1	60.9	53.4	55.2	58.6	52.2
Unemployment rate	11.6	16.7	0.0	8.6	7.1	6.7	10.3	9.9	10.7	13.0	9.9	16.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	360	175	180	455	200	250	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,675	1,390	695	695
Did not work¹⁸⁶	140	55	85	175	70	105	11,140,775	4,889,605	6,251,170	515	245	275
Worked	215	120	95	275	130	150	19,195,145	9,971,640	9,223,500	875	455	415
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	105	60	50	160	85	70	10,215,385	5,685,910	4,529,475	520	320	195
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	110	60	45	120	45	80	8,979,760	4,285,730	4,694,025	355	135	220
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.8	40.4	36.8	39.8	44.4	36.0	41.0	41.7	40.3	41.7	44.4	38.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	215	120	95	285	140	145	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	880	460	425
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	10	0	20	10	10	486,865	237,950	248,915	30	15	15
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	205	110	95	270	135	140	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	850	440	405
Employee	180	95	95	225	105	120	16,103,455	8,139,075	7,964,375	655	335	320
Permanent position	150	85	70	195	100	95	13,431,685	6,866,375	6,565,310	545	280	265
Temporary position	30	10	20	25	0	25	2,671,765	1,272,700	1,399,065	115	55	60
Fixed term (1 year or more)	10	0	0	0	0	0	867,740	386,965	480,775	25	15	10
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	20	0	20	25	0	20	1,804,030	885,740	918,285	85	40	45
Self-employed¹⁹²	25	25	0	45	30	15	2,720,025	1,679,250	1,040,780	195	110	85
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	215	120	95	285	140	145	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	880	460	425
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	10	0	20	10	10	486,865	237,950	248,915	30	15	15
All occupations¹⁹¹	205	110	95	270	135	140	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	850	440	405
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	254,760	177,450	77,315	10	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	45	25	25	60	15	45	3,303,180	1,062,425	2,240,755	205	65	135
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	30	25	0	20	20	0	1,587,980	1,199,390	388,595	135	120	20
3 Health occupations	15	0	15	20	0	15	1,504,100	298,960	1,205,135	65	30	35
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	20	0	20	20	10	15	2,322,345	752,280	1,570,075	125	40	85
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20	15	0	0	0	0	596,785	275,420	321,360	50	15	30
6 Sales and service occupations	30	10	20	70	20	55	4,616,050	2,072,110	2,543,945	170	90	80
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	45	35	0	55	55	0	3,239,500	2,950,915	288,585	55	55	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	541,235	416,960	124,270	15	10	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	15	10	0	857,540	612,415	245,120	15	10	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	215	120	95	285	140	145	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	880	460	425
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	10	0	20	10	10	486,865	237,950	248,915	30	15	15
All industries¹⁹¹	205	110	95	270	135	140	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	850	440	405
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	434,800	295,160	139,640	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	0	10	0	0	0	239,030	195,605	43,425	50	35	15
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	147,750	109,475	38,270	20	15	0
23 Construction	10	10	0	25	25	0	1,469,085	1,269,060	200,025	55	50	10
31-33 Manufacturing	15	10	0	20	15	10	1,540,490	1,095,160	445,330	10	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	10	10	0	10	10	0	610,295	406,960	203,335	20	20	0
44-45 Retail trade	20	0	20	30	10	20	2,149,640	1,027,160	1,122,480	80	45	35
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	15	0	0	15	10	10	981,030	742,515	238,515	20	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	0	0	0	400,460	237,940	162,520	10	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	0	0	0	815,225	358,145	457,080	35	15	20
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	20	10	0	10	0	0	343,940	186,230	157,710	35	10	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	20	20	0	10	10	0	1,571,160	877,780	693,380	130	85	50
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,455	21,495	23,955	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	20	0	15	792,600	457,880	334,725	30	0	30
61 Educational services	0	0	0	15	0	10	1,413,320	436,645	976,670	95	20	70
62 Health care and social assistance	25	0	25	35	10	30	2,446,370	470,340	1,976,030	95	20	70
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	15	0	0	0	0	350,710	180,205	170,500	45	20	20
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	0	35	15	20	1,085,270	478,000	607,270	25	10	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	0	0	15	0	10	797,935	373,775	424,165	25	0	20
91 Public administration	15	10	10	15	10	10	1,188,915	598,780	590,135	45	45	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	230	125	105	320	145	170	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	935	485	450
English	230	125	105	295	135	155	14,942,170	7,807,315	7,134,855	920	480	440
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,164,890	1,592,470	1,572,420	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	169,205	89,515	79,685	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,935	3,590	3,345	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	162,265	85,925	76,345	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,682,510	859,635	822,870	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	20	10	10	570,220	291,000	279,220	10	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,935	9,955	10,980	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,340	34,190	35,145	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,265	5,960	5,305	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	230	125	105	320	145	170	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	935	485	450
Single responses	230	125	105	320	145	170	20,176,640	10,458,830	9,717,810	930	485	450
Official languages	230	125	105	305	140	165	19,866,180	10,297,010	9,569,175	925	480	445
English	230	125	105	305	140	165	15,879,850	8,272,750	7,607,105	925	480	445
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,986,330	2,024,260	1,962,070	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310,455	161,825	148,635	10	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,435	9,725	9,710	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,600	6,020	5,575	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,115	4,715	4,400	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,985	3,170	2,815	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	385	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	110	85	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	80	65	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,695	2,500	2,205	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	875	1,075	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	435	400	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	825	430	395	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,585	830	755	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	490	385	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	340	355	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	10	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	295	320	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	410	480	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	410	475	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	255	280	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	90	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	15	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	25	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,630	3,200	3,425	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,605	3,200	3,405	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	80	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	35	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	291,025	152,095	138,925	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,265	5,300	3,955	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	185	235	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	155	210	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,785	5,080	3,705	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	95	120	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,190	4,250	2,940	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	325	130	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	240	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	70	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	240	340	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	165	160	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,770	4,135	5,635	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	215	285	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,260	3,905	5,350	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,760	2,180	2,580	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,205	1,895	2,310	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	185	210	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	170	205	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,010	1,410	1,605	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	140	110	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,685	1,255	1,425	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	15	55	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	112,395	64,055	48,335	10	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	170	140	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	295	235	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,085	4,390	5,695	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	15	75	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	10	35	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,995	4,375	5,620	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	55	90	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	60	15	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,265	1,000	1,265	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,240	2,085	3,155	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	485	355	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	80	40	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	95	65	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	310	245	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	620	650	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,250	8,060	6,190	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,480	5,695	4,790	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,615	3,655	2,970	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,560	1,405	1,150	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	520	530	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,540	2,245	1,290	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	40	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	515	440	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	420	140	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	1,275	670	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	445	430	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,455	32,965	22,490	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,020	28,910	19,100	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	290	355	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,115	515	600	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,145	1,090	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	125	145	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,840	25,480	15,365	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	80	25	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,725	1,265	1,465	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,430	4,045	3,385	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	145	35	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	70	60	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,110	3,825	3,285	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	445	360	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,715	2,980	2,735	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	400	195	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,795	17,685	13,105	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,625	730	900	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,970	4,070	2,895	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	375	310	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,455	12,465	8,990	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,560	1,225	2,340	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,345	7,125	7,225	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	210	200	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	95	55	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	795	1,210	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,590	620	970	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	110	180	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	65	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	128,375	64,180	64,190	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	128,045	63,990	64,055	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,040	37,760	38,280	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	210	270	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,950	25,725	25,225	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	240	220	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	175	125	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	40	20	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	85	50	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	80	45	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	310	450	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	275	395	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	695	650	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	25	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	660	615	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	215	270	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	15	50	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	25	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	170	160	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0	0	0	453,880	231,205	222,675	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	321,975	163,305	158,675	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	115,955	60,210	55,745	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,280	2,795	3,485	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,405	3,795	3,605	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,265	1,100	1,165	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	230	125	105	320	145	170	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	935	485	450
None	230	125	105	300	135	160	18,696,980	9,704,050	8,992,935	925	480	440
English	0	0	0	0	0	0	902,625	474,755	427,875	10	0	0
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	589,755	288,955	300,800	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	331,375	168,035	163,335	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,190	7,740	10,450	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	313,185	160,295	152,885	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,445	1,495	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,125	15,680	17,445	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,615	11,475	11,135	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	210	150	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,740	25,425	25,315	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	190	100	90	265	130	135	17,321,700	9,056,680	8,265,020	770	415	355
Worked at home	70	35	40	55	25	35	4,214,860	2,000,150	2,214,705	345	185	160
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,335	40,295	18,035	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	20	10	10	75	40	35	2,201,745	1,660,325	541,415	60	40	20
Usual place of work	100	55	45	135	70	65	10,846,770	5,355,910	5,490,860	360	180	185
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	100	55	45	135	70	65	10,846,770	5,355,905	5,490,860	360	180	180
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	100	55	45	115	60	50	6,397,120	2,970,205	3,426,915	345	175	170
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	15	0	15	2,343,640	1,185,830	1,157,810	20	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,007,950	1,139,665	868,285	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,060	60,210	37,850	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	120	70	55	205	110	100	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	420	225	200
Car, truck or van	110	65	45	195	100	95	10,950,750	6,060,925	4,889,825	395	215	185
Car, truck or van - as a driver	105	65	45	180	100	80	10,106,595	5,717,830	4,388,770	370	210	165
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	15	0	15	844,155	343,100	501,050	25	0	20
Public transit	0	0	0	20	10	0	1,000,510	422,270	578,235	10	10	0
Walked	10	0	0	0	0	0	672,815	296,610	376,205	10	0	10
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,615	92,195	46,415	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	285,820	144,225	141,595	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	120	70	55	205	110	100	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	420	225	200
Less than 15 minutes	45	10	40	20	15	10	4,178,570	1,993,385	2,185,185	100	45	55
15 to 29 minutes	50	40	15	110	55	55	4,546,195	2,418,910	2,127,285	225	110	115
30 to 44 minutes	10	10	0	40	25	15	2,487,010	1,462,340	1,024,670	75	60	20
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	0	0	0	910,610	542,485	368,125	15	0	10
60 minutes and over	10	10	0	25	15	10	926,120	599,115	327,005	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	120	70	55	205	110	100	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	420	225	200
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	15	10	0	938,820	701,960	236,865	10	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	20	15	0	40	20	20	2,274,845	1,465,860	808,985	100	70	30
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	30	20	10	35	20	15	3,435,740	1,776,900	1,658,845	120	50	70
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	25	10	15	45	25	15	2,711,355	1,189,065	1,522,290	65	35	25
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	30	10	20	35	20	15	1,661,340	740,915	920,430	70	25	45
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10	10	0	40	15	25	2,026,405	1,141,540	884,865	50	25	25
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	105	50	55	95	55	40	7,335,800	3,768,210	3,567,595	495	260	240
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	10	5	0	0	0	897,205	456,120	441,085	50	25	20
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	95	45	55	95	50	40	6,438,595	3,312,090	3,126,505	445	230	220
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	85	40	45	65	40	25	5,372,330	2,761,965	2,610,365	410	220	195
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	5	5	0	0	0	682,190	346,420	335,770	40	20	15
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	5	0	0	0	467,685	234,475	233,215	20	10	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0	0	0	0	214,500	111,950	102,550	25	15	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75	35	40	65	35	25	4,690,140	2,415,545	2,274,595	375	195	180

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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