Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48061252More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062532More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062639More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	392	...	...	3,713	...	...	3,715	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	166	...	...	1,124	...	...	1,126	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	159	...	...	1,096	...	...	1,115	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	7,166.4	...	...	4,430.8	...	...	2,849.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.05	...	...	0.84	...	...	1.30	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	390	185	205	3,710	1,785	1,925	3,715	1,870	1,850
0 to 14 years	85	40	45	1,080	535	545	885	450	435
0 to 4 years	25	5	10	365	185	180	195	105	90
5 to 9 years	35	15	20	400	200	200	290	140	150
10 to 14 years	35	20	15	315	155	165	400	205	195
15 to 64 years	280	130	150	2,335	1,150	1,185	2,515	1,270	1,250
15 to 19 years	25	15	10	150	80	75	290	150	140
20 to 24 years	20	5	10	105	55	55	195	100	90
25 to 29 years	20	15	10	170	80	95	160	85	70
30 to 34 years	45	20	25	360	155	205	190	95	95
35 to 39 years	45	20	25	505	240	260	275	140	130
40 to 44 years	30	25	10	415	205	205	360	155	205
45 to 49 years	40	10	25	255	135	120	370	185	185
50 to 54 years	15	10	5	165	100	70	320	165	160
55 to 59 years	20	5	10	105	50	55	205	105	100
60 to 64 years	25	10	15	95	45	45	170	90	80
65 years and over	25	10	15	300	100	195	315	150	165
65 to 69 years	20	10	10	60	25	35	130	65	75
70 to 74 years	0	0	0	60	35	30	100	55	50
75 to 79 years	5	0	5	30	5	25	35	20	20
80 to 84 years	5	0	5	40	15	25	30	10	20
85 years and over	0	0	0	100	25	75	10	5	5
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	30	5	25	5	5	5
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	55	15	35	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	21.8	21.6	22.0	29.1	30.0	28.3	23.8	24.1	23.5
15 to 64 years	71.8	70.3	73.2	62.9	64.4	61.6	67.7	67.9	67.6
65 years and over	6.4	5.4	7.3	8.1	5.6	10.1	8.5	8.0	8.9
85 years and over	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.7	1.4	3.9	0.3	0.3	0.3
Average age of the population	34.7	33.0	36.2	32.9	31.8	33.9	35.6	35.3	35.9
Median age of the population	35.6	33.6	36.4	34.8	34.8	34.8	38.0	37.2	38.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	160	...	...	1,095	...	...	1,115	...	...
Single-detached house	30	...	...	775	...	...	985	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	195	...	...	40	...	...
Row house	125	...	...	120	...	...	85	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	160	...	...	1,095	...	...	1,115	...	...
1 person	40	...	...	125	...	...	100	...	...
2 persons	45	...	...	260	...	...	275	...	...
3 persons	40	...	...	245	...	...	200	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	290	...	...	325	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	185	...	...	210	...	...
Number of persons in private households	390	185	210	3,555	1,745	1,810	3,715	1,870	1,850
Average household size	2.5	...	...	3.2	...	...	3.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	305	140	165	2,630	1,250	1,380	2,830	1,420	1,415
Married or living common-law	145	70	70	1,785	885	900	1,925	960	965
Married	110	50	55	1,595	790	805	1,780	890	895
Living common-law	40	20	20	195	95	100	145	75	75
Living common law - Never married	35	15	20	145	70	80	105	55	50
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	5	5	0	10	0	5
Living common law - Divorced	0	0	0	40	20	15	30	15	15
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	160	70	90	840	365	480	905	455	450
Not married and not living common law - Never married	115	60	50	625	300	330	695	385	315
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	0	10	45	20	30	30	10	15
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	35	5	25	105	35	70	110	45	65
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	5	0	5	60	10	50	65	15	55
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	110	...	...	990	...	...	1,045	...	...
2 persons	45	...	...	300	...	...	330	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	265	...	...	220	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	290	...	...	350	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	135	...	...	150	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	105	...	...	990	...	...	1,040	...	...
Total couple families	70	...	...	875	...	...	945	...	...
Married couples	50	...	...	780	...	...	870	...	...
With children⁶	40	...	...	595	...	...	625	...	...
Without children	10	...	...	185	...	...	245	...	...
Common-law couples	20	...	...	95	...	...	70	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	50	...	...	40	...	...
Without children	10	...	...	40	...	...	30	...	...
Total one-parent families	40	...	...	115	...	...	95	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	30	...	...	90	...	...	70	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	25	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	390	180	210	3,555	1,750	1,810	3,715	1,865	1,845
Total - Persons in census families	320	155	170	3,275	1,605	1,670	3,465	1,745	1,720
Married spouses or common-law partners	145	70	75	1,750	875	875	1,885	945	945
Parents in one-parent families	35	5	35	115	25	95	100	30	70
Children⁶	140	80	65	1,410	700	705	1,485	775	710
In a two-parent family	85	40	45	1,235	615	615	1,330	695	630
In a one-parent family	55	40	20	175	85	90	150	80	75
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	70	30	45	285	140	140	250	120	125
Living alone	40	10	30	120	70	50	100	50	45
Living with other relatives⁷	5	0	5	80	30	50	85	35	45
Living with non-relatives only	25	15	10	85	45	35	65	30	30
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	155	...	...	1,100	...	...	1,115	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	100	...	...	825	...	...	875	...	...
Couple-family households	70	...	...	740	...	...	805	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...	560	...	...	580	...	...
Without children	20	...	...	180	...	...	225	...	...
One-parent-family households	30	...	...	85	...	...	70	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...	60	...	...	65	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	50	...	...	45	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	10	...	...	35	...	...	25	...	...
One-person households	40	...	...	120	...	...	100	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	305	140	165	2,475	1,215	1,265	2,830	1,415	1,410
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	280	125	155	2,340	1,145	1,195	2,645	1,325	1,320
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600	45,200	41,200	55,200	65,000	47,600	50,000	64,500	40,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	280	125	155	2,340	1,145	1,195	2,645	1,325	1,320
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,400	39,200	38,400	48,800	55,200	43,200	44,400	54,800	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	250	110	140	2,165	1,090	1,075	2,425	1,240	1,185
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	42,400	29,800	53,600	65,500	43,200	49,600	64,500	34,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	230	110	120	1,995	1,010	985	2,095	1,095	1,000
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	43,600	30,800	55,200	66,500	46,000	52,000	68,000	38,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	255	105	150	2,030	950	1,080	2,295	1,105	1,190
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,200	7,850	11,600	4,840	1,840	6,550	5,840	3,760	7,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	45	15	30	320	135	185	255	125	130
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	x	6,500	6,240	5,160	6,700	5,480	5,480	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	120	50	65	725	355	370	860	430	435
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	12,000	10,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	10,000	10,000	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	285	150	140	2,525	1,235	1,290	2,935	1,470	1,460
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	270	135	135	2,365	1,165	1,205	2,715	1,350	1,365
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	41,000	44,000	63,750	74,800	53,200	68,600	84,400	53,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	270	135	135	2,365	1,165	1,205	2,715	1,350	1,365
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	35,000	39,500	52,900	60,500	45,500	55,800	66,400	45,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	225	110	115	2,160	1,090	1,070	2,475	1,255	1,210
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	41,000	35,000	62,050	74,000	49,900	67,500	83,400	51,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	210	110	100	1,995	1,015	985	2,155	1,115	1,040
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	40,000	30,800	62,250	73,600	50,600	67,300	81,800	51,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	245	120	125	1,990	930	1,065	2,390	1,155	1,230
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,900	9,400	14,200	8,530	6,840	9,980	8,280	8,020	8,520
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	45	15	35	305	125	180	310	155	160
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,800	10,000	8,000	8,900	6,500	10,500	6,280	5,800	6,700
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	120	65	60	635	290	350	850	465	385
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,200	9,200	11,200	10,040	11,200	9,080	9,640	10,320	8,840
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	290	145	140	2,530	1,240	1,290	2,935	1,470	1,465
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	90	55	35	1,080	595	490	1,160	650	510
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,600	61,600	58,400	77,500	88,000	65,500	84,000	94,000	67,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	62,000	60,000	64,000	83,600	94,800	70,400	100,200	118,600	76,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	95	45	55	745	350	400	790	375	420
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,200	21,200	11,800	29,200	29,200	29,400	23,800	26,200	21,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,200	25,000	14,000	40,200	47,400	33,800	30,650	32,600	28,900
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	74.0	80.0	68.0	88.8	92.8	83.6	89.4	92.0	85.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	66.0	80.0	54.0	82.4	86.0	77.6	77.8	80.0	74.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	25.6	20.0	31.0	11.3	7.3	16.6	10.6	8.1	14.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.6	2.5	5.0	1.8	1.0	2.9	1.0	0.8	1.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	11.8	10.8	12.8	4.7	3.9	5.7	4.9	4.4	5.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	10.8	10.0	11.0	4.2	3.7	4.9	4.4	4.2	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	305	140	165	2,475	1,210	1,260	2,830	1,420	1,415
Without total income	25	15	5	140	70	70	180	90	95
With total income	285	130	160	2,335	1,140	1,190	2,650	1,325	1,320
Under $10,000 (including loss)	25	10	15	195	70	125	270	110	155
$10,000 to $19,999	30	20	15	180	80	100	240	100	145
$20,000 to $29,999	35	15	20	210	95	120	380	165	215
$30,000 to $39,999	40	15	25	235	85	145	255	105	145
$40,000 to $49,999	40	15	25	225	95	125	180	70	110
$50,000 to $59,999	35	15	20	210	95	115	190	90	105
$60,000 to $69,999	25	15	10	220	95	125	175	65	110
$70,000 to $79,999	10	10	5	175	85	85	135	65	70
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	140	85	55	145	90	55
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	130	80	50	135	85	45
$100,000 and over	20	10	10	420	285	140	545	380	165
$100,000 to $149,999	20	5	10	305	190	110	355	235	120
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	120	95	25	195	145	45
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	305	140	165	2,475	1,210	1,260	2,830	1,420	1,415
Without after-tax income	25	15	5	140	70	70	180	90	95
With after-tax income	285	130	160	2,335	1,140	1,190	2,650	1,325	1,320
Under $10,000 (including loss)	25	10	15	200	70	130	265	115	155
$10,000 to $19,999	25	15	15	185	80	105	255	105	150
$20,000 to $29,999	45	20	25	255	115	140	420	180	245
$30,000 to $39,999	50	20	35	295	115	180	285	120	160
$40,000 to $49,999	40	20	25	270	125	145	235	100	135
$50,000 to $59,999	40	15	20	290	115	175	220	100	125
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	10	210	115	100	200	100	100
$70,000 to $79,999	5	5	0	190	125	65	185	115	65
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	150	75	80	160	90	70
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	100	65	35	100	65	35
$100,000 and over	10	0	5	200	145	50	320	235	85
$100,000 to $124,999	5	0	5	105	75	30	165	120	50
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	95	70	20	155	120	30
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	305	140	165	2,475	1,210	1,260	2,830	1,420	1,415
Without employment income	75	35	40	480	200	275	735	320	410
With employment income	230	105	125	1,995	1,005	990	2,095	1,095	1,000
Under $5,000 (including loss)	25	10	15	155	65	90	255	120	135
$5,000 to $9,999	25	5	15	140	60	75	170	65	105
$10,000 to $19,999	30	15	15	165	60	100	185	75	110
$20,000 to $29,999	25	10	15	130	60	75	160	75	80
$30,000 to $39,999	25	10	15	145	65	85	130	50	80
$40,000 to $49,999	25	10	10	165	70	95	120	45	70
$50,000 to $59,999	25	10	10	170	80	95	140	65	80
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	10	170	75	95	140	65	75
$70,000 to $79,999	10	10	0	150	80	75	110	55	55
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	115	70	40	105	70	30
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	135	80	55	115	60	50
$100,000 and over	15	10	10	360	250	105	475	340	135
$100,000 to $124,999	10	5	5	190	120	70	200	130	70
$125,000 and over	5	0	5	165	130	35	275	210	65
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	305	140	165	2,475	1,215	1,265	2,830	1,415	1,410
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	275	120	155	2,295	1,115	1,175	2,580	1,290	1,290
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	41,200	40,400	56,400	67,500	46,800	50,400	67,500	38,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	275	120	155	2,295	1,115	1,175	2,580	1,290	1,290
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	37,200	38,400	49,200	57,200	42,000	44,800	57,600	36,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	255	110	140	2,155	1,080	1,070	2,385	1,225	1,160
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	41,200	38,000	56,800	67,500	44,800	52,000	67,500	38,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	225	105	120	1,990	1,000	985	2,100	1,105	990
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	44,000	40,800	58,000	68,000	45,600	54,000	72,000	41,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	255	110	145	1,945	905	1,040	2,125	1,050	1,075
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,300	900	5,280	1,040	890	3,120	1,030	900	2,720
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	30	10	20	230	90	145	165	70	100
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,750	x	6,750	7,850	5,840	10,400	6,750	6,320	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	285	150	140	2,525	1,235	1,290	2,935	1,470	1,460
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	260	130	125	2,305	1,130	1,180	2,680	1,350	1,330
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,400	50,000	47,000	62,900	77,000	49,400	68,200	83,500	52,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	260	130	125	2,305	1,130	1,180	2,680	1,350	1,330
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	42,000	42,000	52,050	62,000	42,500	54,850	65,000	44,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	240	120	120	2,155	1,090	1,065	2,450	1,255	1,195
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,800	51,000	43,000	63,050	77,200	48,500	70,600	86,600	53,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	205	110	100	1,975	1,000	970	2,165	1,140	1,030
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,000	54,000	41,000	64,400	78,400	49,900	71,600	86,400	55,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	225	105	125	1,905	905	1,000	2,185	1,085	1,100
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,600	3,040	7,700	4,944	2,885	6,800	4,244	3,320	5,160
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	25	0	25	255	85	170	150	70	75
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,000	...	6,000	9,900	7,000	11,400	7,500	7,000	8,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	290	145	140	2,530	1,240	1,290	2,935	1,470	1,465
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	90	55	35	1,065	585	475	1,165	650	515
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,000	62,000	56,400	73,500	86,000	61,600	84,000	97,000	64,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,000	60,000	72,000	81,000	94,400	64,400	99,800	120,200	73,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	90	45	45	690	320	370	770	375	395
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,400	44,400	21,200	37,600	46,800	31,600	30,400	30,400	29,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,000	50,000	26,000	51,500	63,800	40,800	40,700	44,200	37,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.0	96.0	84.0	93.6	96.8	88.4	95.0	96.8	92.0
Employment income (%)	80.0	92.0	68.0	87.4	90.4	83.2	85.0	87.2	81.2
Government transfers (%)	10.2	5.0	16.0	6.5	3.0	11.7	5.1	3.2	8.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	...	2.4	1.8	0.7	3.4	0.6	0.4	0.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	160	...	...	1,095	...	...	1,115	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	128,000	...	...	145,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	108,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	40	...	...	120	...	...	100	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,200	...	...	82,000	...	...	68,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,800	...	...	66,500	...	...	56,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	120	...	...	975	...	...	1,015	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	133,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	113,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	150	...	...	1,100	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	137,200	...	...	164,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	113,800	...	...	134,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	110	...	...	85	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	86,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...	66,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	105	...	...	985	...	...	1,050	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	142,800	...	...	170,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	119,200	...	...	138,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	160	...	...	1,095	...	...	1,115	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	45	...	...	35	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	40	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	50	...	...	35	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	75	...	...	65	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	60	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	50	...	...	740	...	...	800	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	175	...	...	125	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	165	...	...	155	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15	...	...	225	...	...	240	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	175	...	...	280	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	160	...	...	1,095	...	...	1,115	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	20	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	25	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	50	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	60	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	85	...	...	70	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	90	...	...	60	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	80	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	30	...	...	625	...	...	720	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	220	...	...	190	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	165	...	...	185	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	235	...	...	345	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	105	...	...	950	...	...	1,005	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	132,000	...	...	148,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	125,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	190	...	...	230	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	131,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	106,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	45	...	...	640	...	...	665	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	141,000	...	...	160,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	121,000	...	...	135,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	100	...	...	80	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	81,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	72,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	65	30	40	205	115	90	165	90	75
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,400	45,600	52,800	64,000	69,500	60,400	56,000	62,400	47,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,600	39,200	47,200	54,400	58,000	52,400	47,600	53,200	44,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	95	...	...	970	...	...	1,025	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	140,000	...	...	171,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	117,000	...	...	139,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	25	...	...	200	...	...	260	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	124,000	...	...	162,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	665	...	...	670	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	151,600	...	...	180,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	126,200	...	...	146,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	25	...	...	90	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	70	35	35	195	100	95	140	70	70
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,000	44,000	56,000	76,000	92,000	59,000	76,000	100,000	52,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,000	36,000	48,000	59,600	71,000	47,000	61,000	74,000	46,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	395	185	205	3,560	1,745	1,810	3,715	1,870	1,850
0 to 17 years	100	55	50	1,190	590	600	1,075	550	525
0 to 5 years	30	10	20	450	220	230	245	125	120
18 to 64 years	265	115	140	2,225	1,095	1,135	2,325	1,170	1,155
65 years and over	25	10	15	140	65	80	315	150	165
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	40	15	20	195	85	110	200	105	90
0 to 17 years	15	5	5	70	30	40	65	40	30
0 to 5 years	5	0	0	20	10	10	15	10	5
18 to 64 years	20	5	15	115	50	65	110	55	55
65 years and over	5	0	0	10	5	5	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.5	9.0	9.5	5.5	4.7	6.2	5.4	5.7	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	14.0	12.0	16.0	5.6	4.4	6.8	6.0	6.8	5.2
0 to 5 years (%)	20.0	x	x	4.4	4.0	5.0	7.0	8.0	5.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.6	6.0	8.0	5.3	4.6	5.8	4.7	4.8	4.4
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	9.0	8.0	8.0	8.0	7.0	9.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	390	180	210	3,555	1,750	1,810	3,715	1,865	1,845
0 to 17 years	105	55	50	1,190	595	595	1,075	545	530
0 to 5 years	30	10	20	455	225	230	245	125	120
18 to 64 years	260	120	145	2,225	1,090	1,135	2,330	1,175	1,160
65 years and over	25	10	20	140	60	75	310	145	165
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	30	15	15	125	55	65	130	75	55
0 to 17 years	10	0	5	35	15	25	45	30	20
0 to 5 years	5	0	0	10	5	5	10	10	0
18 to 64 years	15	10	10	75	35	40	85	45	35
65 years and over	5	0	0	5	5	5	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.6	9.0	7.0	3.5	3.3	3.6	3.6	4.0	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	3.2	2.8	3.6	4.0	4.8	3.2
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	2.4	2.5	2.0	4.5	6.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	7.0	8.0	6.0	3.5	3.4	3.6	3.5	3.8	3.2
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.0	3.0	2.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	390	185	205	3,555	1,745	1,810	3,715	1,870	1,850
In bottom half of the distribution	275	125	145	1,325	635	690	1,105	555	550
In bottom decile	45	25	20	170	75	95	185	105	85
In second decile	55	20	35	200	80	120	200	90	110
In third decile	85	35	45	275	140	140	180	90	90
In fourth decile	50	25	20	310	170	145	255	125	135
In fifth decile	35	20	20	375	175	195	285	145	145
In top half of the distribution	120	55	65	2,230	1,110	1,120	2,610	1,315	1,295
In sixth decile	40	15	20	420	205	215	380	195	190
In seventh decile	25	15	10	460	220	235	465	235	230
In eighth decile	25	15	10	525	260	270	550	260	285
In ninth decile	20	10	10	460	230	230	540	270	270
In top decile	15	5	10	365	190	175	675	355	320
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	390	...	...	3,555	...	...	3,715	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.274	...	...	0.266	...	...	0.286	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.412	...	...	0.335	...	...	0.363	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.247	...	...	0.237	...	...	0.252	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	390	180	210	3,710	1,785	1,930	3,715	1,865	1,845
English only	360	170	195	3,445	1,680	1,765	3,380	1,715	1,660
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	25	15	15	170	65	105	265	120	140
Neither English nor French	5	0	5	100	40	60	75	25	45
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	390	180	210	3,710	1,785	1,930	3,715	1,865	1,845
English	370	175	200	3,570	1,725	1,845	3,585	1,810	1,775
French	10	10	5	25	10	15	35	15	15
English and French	5	0	0	20	10	15	20	10	15
Neither English nor French	5	0	5	95	40	55	75	25	45
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	390	180	210	3,710	1,785	1,930	3,715	1,865	1,845
Single responses	380	180	200	3,410	1,640	1,760	3,480	1,745	1,740
Official languages	310	145	165	2,220	1,080	1,140	2,240	1,160	1,080
English	310	145	160	2,200	1,070	1,130	2,215	1,145	1,070
French	5	0	0	20	5	10	25	20	10
Non-official languages	70	30	40	1,185	565	620	1,240	580	660
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	70	30	40	1,185	565	620	1,240	580	660
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	65	35	30	140	70	70
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	5	60	35	30	130	65	65
Amharic	0	0	0	10	5	5	10	10	5
Arabic	5	5	5	55	30	25	100	45	50
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	45	15	30	65	30	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	15	25	60	30	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	15	10	155	70	80	105	40	60
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	0	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	10	140	70	75	80	35	50
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	45	25	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	5	5	35	20	20
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	5	20	500	240	265	465	220	245
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15	40	15	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15	40	15	25
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	5	5	0	5
Russian	0	0	0	0	5	0	10	5	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0	15	5	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	25	10	20	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	5	25	5	20	5	0	10
German	5	0	5	25	5	20	5	0	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	280	135	145	320	160	155
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	240	115	115	240	120	115
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5	25	10	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	5	25	5	15
Hindi	0	0	0	55	25	30	20	10	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	85	45	40	85	45	40
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	55	25	35	70	35	30
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	45	20	25	80	40	40
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	5	20	10	10
Persian languages	0	0	0	35	15	20	60	25	35
Dari	0	0	0	20	10	10	25	10	15
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	15	10	10	30	15	20
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	5	15	155	80	80	90	40	50
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	5	5	15	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	25	15	10	5	5	5
Spanish	20	5	15	110	55	60	70	30	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	5	10	0	5
Korean	0	0	0	25	10	15	25	10	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	35	20	20	35	20	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	5	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	5	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	10	10	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	330	160	165	345	155	185
Chinese languages	5	0	0	330	160	165	340	155	185
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	140	65	75	140	65	70
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	5	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	180	90	85	190	85	105
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	10	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	5	10	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	0	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	5	5	305	145	160	235	125	110
English and French	0	0	0	25	10	20	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	260	125	135	200	105	95
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	0	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	5	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	15	10	10
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	390	180	210	3,710	1,785	1,930	3,715	1,865	1,845
English	305	145	160	2,190	1,065	1,125	2,230	1,150	1,085
French	5	0	5	0	0	0	10	10	5
Non-official language	25	5	15	370	175	195	320	150	170
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	25	5	15	370	175	195	320	150	170
English and French	5	5	0	30	15	25	40	20	15
English and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	1,070	515	555	1,060	515	550
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	20	10	10	20	10	15
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	30	15	15	30	15	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	390	180	210	3,710	1,785	1,930	3,715	1,865	1,845
Single responses	375	180	200	3,445	1,650	1,795	3,465	1,740	1,725
Official languages	335	155	175	2,705	1,300	1,405	2,740	1,400	1,340
English	325	150	175	2,700	1,300	1,405	2,730	1,390	1,340
French	5	0	5	5	0	5	15	5	5
Non-official languages	45	20	25	740	350	390	720	340	380
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	45	20	25	740	350	390	720	340	380
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	45	25	20	70	30	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	45	25	20	65	35	35
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	5	10	5	0
Arabic	0	0	0	35	20	15	40	15	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15	25	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	30	15	15	25	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	10	15	95	50	50	55	30	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	15	90	45	45	45	20	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	25	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	5	10	15	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	5	10	270	130	140	285	130	150
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	15	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	15	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	175	80	90	215	105	115
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	150	65	80	165	85	85
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	5	5	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0	30	15	15	15	5	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	65	25	35	65	35	30
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	35	10	20	50	20	30
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15	50	20	30
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	5	15	10	10
Persian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	35	15	20
Dari	0	0	0	10	5	10	15	10	10
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	5	5	5	20	10	15
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	10	80	45	40	50	20	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	10	5	10	70	35	35	40	15	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	5	10	15	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	235	110	125	235	115	125
Chinese languages	5	0	0	230	110	120	235	115	125
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	115	55	60	110	55	55
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	115	55	60	125	55	65
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	5	5	265	135	135	250	130	125
English and French	0	0	0	15	5	5	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	250	125	125	240	120	120
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	390	185	210	3,710	1,785	1,930	3,715	1,870	1,845
None	340	160	185	2,795	1,355	1,435	2,770	1,410	1,365
English	25	10	15	290	140	150	330	160	175
French	5	5	0	25	5	15	35	20	15
Non-official language	20	10	10	500	230	275	465	235	235
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10	500	230	275	465	235	235
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	0	5	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	45	20	25	40	15	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	0	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	50	25	25	55	25	25
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	360	185	180	3,545	1,755	1,785	3,725	1,890	1,835
Official languages	350	180	170	3,455	1,720	1,740	3,645	1,865	1,780
English	350	180	170	3,455	1,720	1,740	3,645	1,865	1,780
French	30	10	25	215	85	135	235	120	115
Non-official languages	80	40	35	1,740	840	900	1,850	875	980
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	80	40	35	1,740	840	900	1,850	875	980
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	195	100	95	170	85	80
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	195	100	95	145	80	65
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	20
Arabic	0	0	0	195	100	95	95	40	50
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	65	25	40	115	55	60
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	65	25	40	115	55	60
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	10	20	130	65	70	190	90	100
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	10	20	125	65	65	175	80	95
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	70	35	35	65	25	40
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	35	25	20	60	25	35
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	15	10	620	285	340	760	375	380
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	30	0	25	40	20	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	30	0	25	35	20	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	15	10	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
German	15	10	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	380	190	190	560	275	280
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	360	170	185	510	260	250
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	0	10	55	20	30
Hindi	0	0	0	195	90	100	140	65	75
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	180	80	100	200	120	85
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	85	45	40	225	130	100
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	50	35	15	100	45	55
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	25	15	15	45	20	25
Persian languages	0	0	0	25	15	0	60	25	35
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	10	10	0	40	15	30
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	180	70	110	160	85	75
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	30	10	25	20	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	10	115	45	70	140	70	70
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	25	10	15	10	0	10
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	30
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	135	65	70	120	65	45
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	100	50	50	50	30	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	540	275	265	450	200	255
Chinese languages	0	0	0	540	275	265	450	200	255
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	295	150	150	190	80	105
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	335	170	170	320	130	185
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	365	185	175	3,545	1,755	1,785	3,725	1,890	1,835
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	20	10	10	115	70	45	125	50	75
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	20	10	10	105	70	40	120	50	70
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	35	20	15	25	15	10
Métis	15	0	10	80	55	25	95	35	55
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	340	175	165	3,425	1,685	1,745	3,595	1,835	1,760
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	365	185	175	3,545	1,755	1,785	3,725	1,890	1,835
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	25	20	10	40	15	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	365	185	175	3,515	1,740	1,780	3,685	1,880	1,810
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	150	...	...	1,100	...	...	1,130	...	...
Owner	105	...	...	995	...	...	1,020	...	...
Renter	50	...	...	100	...	...	115	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	150	...	...	1,100	...	...	1,130	...	...
Condominium	85	...	...	115	...	...	85	...	...
Not condominium	60	...	...	985	...	...	1,040	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	150	...	...	1,100	...	...	1,130	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	15	...	...	20	...	...
2 bedrooms	10	...	...	125	...	...	45	...	...
3 bedrooms	135	...	...	585	...	...	575	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	0	...	...	370	...	...	495	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	150	...	...	1,100	...	...	1,130	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	15	...	...	220	...	...	140	...	...
5 rooms	45	...	...	205	...	...	170	...	...
6 rooms	50	...	...	195	...	...	185	...	...
7 rooms	20	...	...	185	...	...	180	...	...
8 or more rooms	15	...	...	295	...	...	460	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.4	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	150	...	...	1,100	...	...	1,130	...	...
One person or fewer per room	150	...	...	1,035	...	...	1,090	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	60	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	150	...	...	1,100	...	...	1,130	...	...
Suitable	145	...	...	1,050	...	...	1,080	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	45	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	150	...	...	1,100	...	...	1,130	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	35	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	110	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	15	...	...	30	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	0	...	...	490	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	365	...	...	515	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	295	...	...	80	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	415	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	150	...	...	1,100	...	...	1,130	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	145	...	...	1,080	...	...	1,090	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...	15	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	150	...	...	1,100	...	...	1,130	...	...
One-maintainer household	100	...	...	355	...	...	355	...	...
Two-maintainer household	55	...	...	675	...	...	705	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	65	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	150	...	...	1,100	...	...	1,130	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	25	...	...	240	...	...	85	...	...
35 to 44 years	40	...	...	450	...	...	290	...	...
45 to 54 years	40	...	...	235	...	...	370	...	...
55 to 64 years	15	...	...	130	...	...	240	...	...
65 to 74 years	25	...	...	35	...	...	115	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...	10	...	...	25	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	150	...	...	1,100	...	...	1,135	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	105	...	...	805	...	...	945	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	45	...	...	295	...	...	185	...	...
30% to less than 100%	45	...	...	260	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	155	...	...	1,095	...	...	1,130	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	55	...	...	340	...	...	255	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	45	...	...	275	...	...	170	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	35	...	...	35	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...	10	...	...	30	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	95	...	...	765	...	...	870	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	150	...	...	1,065	...	...	1,125	...	...
In core need	35	...	...	40	...	...	55	...	...
Not in core need	120	...	...	1,030	...	...	1,065	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	105	...	...	1,000	...	...	1,015	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	71.4	...	...	89.5	...	...	75.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	23.8	...	...	26.5	...	...	15.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	14.3	...	...	3.6	...	...	3.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,590	...	...	2,320	...	...	2,200	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,460	...	...	2,288	...	...	2,060	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	240,000	...	...	492,000	...	...	536,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	260,000	...	...	498,000	...	...	528,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	45	...	...	100	...	...	110	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	55.6	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	44.4	...	...	30.0	...	...	27.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	33.3	...	...	0.0	...	...	14.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,340	...	...	1,900	...	...	2,040	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,360	...	...	1,800	...	...	1,840	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	360	185	175	3,545	1,755	1,790	3,730	1,890	1,835
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	30	20	15	25	10	15
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	30	20	15	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	130	75	55	125	55	70
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	100	55	50	125	55	70
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	35	15	20	40	15	20
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	65	40	25	85	35	45
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	355	180	175	3,380	1,665	1,720	3,580	1,825	1,750
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	360	190	175	3,540	1,755	1,790	3,725	1,890	1,835
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	315	165	155	3,130	1,540	1,590	3,435	1,750	1,680
Canadian citizens aged under 18	80	40	40	1,040	520	520	940	485	450
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	240	125	110	2,090	1,015	1,070	2,495	1,270	1,230
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	45	20	20	415	215	200	290	140	155
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	360	190	175	3,540	1,755	1,790	3,725	1,890	1,835
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	275	140	135	2,085	1,030	1,055	2,090	1,105	985
Immigrants⁸¹	85	45	40	1,395	685	705	1,610	775	830
Before 1980	10	0	0	40	10	25	125	65	65
1980 to 1990	10	0	0	125	45	80	235	130	110
1991 to 2000	15	10	10	170	105	70	280	120	165
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	420	210	210	555	280	270
2011 to 2021⁸²	50	30	25	635	315	320	410	185	225
2011 to 2015	25	15	10	400	210	190	260	105	155
2016 to 2021	30	15	15	235	105	130	150	80	70
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	65	35	30	30	10	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	85	45	40	1,395	685	705	1,610	775	830
Under 5 years	10	0	10	135	75	65	145	75	75
5 to 14 years	20	20	0	255	150	105	275	140	135
15 to 24 years	15	10	0	200	45	155	300	165	135
25 to 44 years	45	20	30	665	345	320	755	350	405
45 years and over	0	0	0	145	75	65	135	50	80
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	85	45	40	1,395	685	705	1,610	775	830
Americas	20	10	0	100	30	70	95	50	40
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	20	0	20	25	15	10
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Europe	15	0	10	85	45	45	105	50	55
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	35	15	15	40	20	25
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	25	15	10	10	0	10
Africa	15	10	0	320	165	160	310	175	140
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	45	15	25	35	10	25
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	185	95	90	140	75	60
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	75	35	40	60	30	30
Asia	40	25	15	875	450	430	1,095	500	595
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	15	15	0	25	10	15
Iraq	0	0	0	25	10	15	20	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	220	105	115	145	60	85
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	70	35	30	60	30	30
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Philippines	30	15	15	110	55	55	180	85	95
Viet Nam	0	0	0	75	30	45	105	55	50
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
India	0	0	0	210	110	95	225	95	125
Pakistan	0	0	0	50	20	25	155	80	75
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	70	45	25	90	35	50
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	25	15	10	235	110	125	150	80	70
Americas	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	60	35	30	25	20	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	155	70	90	100	45	50
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	55	20	35	15	10	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	35	15	20	35	20	15
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	365	185	175	3,545	1,755	1,785	3,725	1,890	1,835
First generation¹⁰⁰	90	45	40	1,500	755	745	1,670	815	855
Second generation¹⁰¹	85	40	45	925	445	485	985	500	485
Third generation or more¹⁰²	185	100	85	1,120	555	560	1,065	570	495
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	80	40	35	1,355	675	680	1,485	715	765
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	65	40	35	900	490	420	875	430	445
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	20	15	0	345	230	110	330	195	135
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	50	25	25	555	255	305	545	235	315
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	0	0	0	375	170	205	405	150	250
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	0	0	75	15	60	180	120	65
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	80	40	35	1,355	675	680	1,485	715	765
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	25	10	20	45	40	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	25	15	15	100	35	70	105	40	65
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	35	25	10	40	15	25
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	125	60	60	85	35	45
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	45	25	20	1,060	535	520	1,200	575	620
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	365	185	175	3,545	1,755	1,785	3,725	1,890	1,835
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	100	50	50	2,255	1,100	1,155	2,175	1,095	1,080
South Asian	0	0	0	500	230	270	645	320	325
Chinese	0	0	0	665	350	315	500	245	250
Black	0	0	0	420	225	200	290	180	115
Filipino	50	25	30	165	90	75	260	125	135
Arab	0	0	0	185	90	100	85	35	55
Latin American	10	0	0	90	40	55	65	30	35
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	80	25	55	130	75	50
West Asian	0	0	0	20	10	0	65	25	40
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	25
Japanese	0	0	0	40	15	25	15	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	90	35	55	80	40	40
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	260	140	125	1,285	660	630	1,550	795	755
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	360	185	175	3,545	1,755	1,790	3,725	1,890	1,835
Canadian	55	35	25	260	135	125	230	120	110
English	55	25	35	425	200	225	415	230	185
Irish	50	35	15	195	80	115	240	115	130
Scottish	90	55	35	330	170	165	370	175	195
French, n.o.s.¹²²	20	10	10	175	80	90	125	55	70
German	60	40	25	295	150	140	275	135	135
Chinese	0	0	0	605	305	300	500	260	240
Italian	15	10	10	110	55	55	145	70	75
Indian (India)	0	0	0	335	160	170	320	145	170
Ukrainian	10	0	10	105	65	45	145	75	65
Dutch	0	0	0	60	30	30	85	40	45
Polish	10	0	0	55	30	25	65	35	30
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	35	20	10	70	45	25
Filipino	50	25	20	225	115	110	285	145	140
French Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	55	25	30	95	50	45
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	45	25	20	20	10	10
Métis	0	0	0	95	60	40	105	45	60
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	45	25	20	40	30	15
Russian	0	0	0	50	40	10	25	25	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	30	0	25	35	15	20
Welsh	0	0	0	40	20	20	60	25	30
Portuguese	0	0	0	25	10	10	30	25	10
American	0	0	0	15	0	0	25	10	15
Spanish	0	0	0	80	35	45	100	55	45
Swedish	0	0	0	50	20	25	65	30	35
Hungarian	0	0	0	50	25	25	45	25	20
Acadian	0	0	0	30	25	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	75	35	35	180	95	80
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	65	30	40	15	10	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	40	20	20	70	45	25
Vietnamese	0	0	0	85	40	50	70	35	35
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	30	20	10	25	15	10
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Jamaican	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	65	20	45	75	25	45
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	10	0	0	25	0	15
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	25
Romanian	0	0	0	35	20	15	20	10	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
Danish	0	0	0	35	10	20	30	15	15
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	35	10	25	20	10	10
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	10	0	10	55	25	35
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	25	20	15	15	15	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	60	30	35	25	10	25
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
Tamil	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	25	0	20	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	50	30	20	40	15	20
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	10	10	0	30	15	15
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	0	15	10	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	25	15	10	80	45	35
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0
Australian	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	100	60	50	40	40	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	55	25	25	65	40	25
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	365	185	175	3,545	1,755	1,790	3,725	1,890	1,835
Buddhist	0	0	0	90	40	45	120	50	75
Christian	165	65	95	1,400	670	730	1,785	915	875
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	45	20	25	325	135	190	460	245	220
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	30	10	25	55	35	20
Baptist	0	0	0	60	35	25	20	15	0
Catholic	65	25	40	785	395	390	855	415	435
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	10	0	0	100	40	60
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lutheran	10	0	0	10	10	0	25	10	10
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	70	30	45	110	70	40
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	10
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	10	0	10	40	25	15	15	0	10
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	15	0	15	60	30	30	85	45	40
Hindu	0	0	0	140	70	70	35	20	15
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	325	170	150	525	260	270
Sikh	0	0	0	130	50	80	165	85	80
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	25	15	0	10	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	180	115	70	1,425	725	700	1,075	570	505
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	350	185	170	3,495	1,725	1,765	3,695	1,875	1,815
Non-movers	295	150	150	3,130	1,570	1,565	3,410	1,735	1,680
Movers	55	30	20	360	155	205	285	140	140
Non-migrants	40	25	20	285	120	170	245	120	120
Migrants	10	10	0	75	40	35	40	25	20
Internal migrants	10	10	0	50	25	25	20	10	10
Intraprovincial migrants	10	10	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	20	0	15	15	0	10
External migrants	0	0	0	20	15	10	20	15	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	340	175	165	3,175	1,550	1,625	3,580	1,825	1,755
Non-movers	135	60	75	1,400	680	720	2,605	1,340	1,265
Movers	205	115	95	1,775	870	905	975	480	490
Non-migrants	130	75	60	1,300	625	675	615	320	300
Migrants	75	35	35	475	250	230	355	165	190
Internal migrants	55	30	25	270	130	140	240	95	140
Intraprovincial migrants	40	20	15	165	90	70	95	45	55
Interprovincial migrants	15	0	10	110	35	65	140	55	90
External migrants	20	10	10	205	115	90	120	70	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	290	145	140	2,530	1,240	1,290	2,935	1,475	1,460
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	65	35	25	245	120	120	365	170	195
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	225	110	110	2,285	1,115	1,170	2,565	1,295	1,270
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	220	120	100	2,105	1,040	1,065	2,160	1,085	1,075
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	30	15	10	115	60	55	110	65	45
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	195	105	90	1,990	980	1,010	2,050	1,015	1,030
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	285	150	140	2,525	1,235	1,290	2,935	1,470	1,460
No certificate, diploma or degree	60	40	20	230	110	120	335	155	180
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	80	50	25	505	260	250	615	330	285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	150	55	95	1,790	865	925	1,985	985	990
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	105	45	60	700	345	350	765	405	360
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	25	20	0	175	120	50	155	95	60
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	70	35	35	55	15	40
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	15	0	100	85	15	100	75	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	60	15	50	430	185	245	480	245	240
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	10	10	100	40	55	130	70	60
Bachelor's degree or higher	45	15	25	1,085	520	570	1,220	580	630
Bachelor's degree	20	15	10	765	360	405	820	395	430
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	65	35	25	80	35	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	30	15	20	30	20	15
Master's degree	15	0	15	210	95	115	240	115	130
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	20	20	0	45	25	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	220	120	105	2,105	1,040	1,070	2,160	1,080	1,075
No certificate, diploma or degree	25	20	10	105	50	50	80	50	35
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	65	45	20	325	170	150	395	220	175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	130	55	75	1,680	815	860	1,680	810	865
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	90	40	50	650	335	320	625	330	295
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	25	20	0	165	120	50	130	80	50
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	70	35	35	45	10	30
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	15	0	100	85	15	90	70	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	55	15	40	400	175	220	390	190	200
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	10	95	40	50	105	60	50
Bachelor's degree or higher	40	15	30	1,030	485	540	1,055	485	570
Bachelor's degree	25	15	10	705	330	380	695	310	380
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	60	35	30	75	40	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	25	10	15	30	15	10
Master's degree	15	0	15	210	95	115	220	100	120
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	20	15	0	40	15	20
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	285	145	145	2,525	1,235	1,295	2,930	1,470	1,460
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	140	90	50	735	370	370	950	485	465
Education	0	0	0	80	15	60	125	50	75
13. Education	0	0	0	80	15	60	125	50	75
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	65	45	25	30	20	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	65	35	25	30	20	10
Humanities	10	0	0	60	15	50	85	20	65
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	0	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	30	0	20	70	20	45
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	20	10	15	200	75	125	220	85	130
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	25	0	25	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	25	0	20	35	10	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	25	10	15	30	0	30
45. Social sciences	10	10	0	95	55	45	90	50	40
Business, management and public administration	30	10	15	495	190	305	440	185	255
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	30	10	15	485	190	290	430	185	245
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	70	45	20	110	50	60
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0	40	15	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	50	35	10	30	15	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	140	95	40	135	80	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	115	80	30	105	70	30
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	15	0	10	25	10	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	25	15	10	310	280	25	470	395	80
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	0	0	0	155	140	20	215	170	50
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	40	30	10	145	125	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	10	0	40	40	0	35	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	30	30	0	45	45	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	25	25	0	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	30	20	20	20	20	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	0	0	25	15	15	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	0	10	10	0
Health and related fields	30	0	30	265	45	220	290	65	230
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	0	20	240	40	210	280	50	225
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	10	0	75	45	35	60	25	35
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	30	10	25	45	15	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	15	15	0	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	25	25	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	220	115	100	2,105	1,040	1,065	2,155	1,085	1,075
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	90	60	25	425	220	205	480	270	210
Education	0	0	0	75	15	55	105	35	70
13. Education	0	0	0	75	15	55	105	35	70
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	65	40	25	30	15	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	60	30	25	30	15	10
Humanities	10	0	0	55	15	45	70	15	60
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	0	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	25	0	20	55	10	45
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	20	0	15	185	70	115	180	70	115
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	25	0	25	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	25	0	20	25	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	20	10	10	30	0	30
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	95	50	40	90	50	40
Business, management and public administration	25	10	15	470	190	280	365	150	220
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	25	10	15	465	190	275	360	150	210
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	60	50	20	85	40	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0	25	10	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	45	35	10	25	15	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	140	90	40	110	70	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	115	80	30	90	60	25
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	15	0	10	20	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	20	20	0	280	260	25	405	330	75
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	0	0	0	130	120	10	180	140	50
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	35	35	10	125	105	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	45	45	0	35	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	35	35	0	35	35	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	25	25	0	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	25	15	10	20	20	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	0	0	15	10	10	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	0	15	15	0
Health and related fields	20	0	20	245	40	210	260	55	205
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	15	0	10	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	0	20	225	35	190	245	45	200
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	10	0	75	40	30	45	20	25
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	35	10	25	30	10	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	15	15	0	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	30	20	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	220	115	100	2,105	1,040	1,065	2,155	1,085	1,075
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	90	60	25	425	220	205	480	270	210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	135	55	80	1,680	820	860	1,680	815	870
Location of study inside Canada	110	40	65	1,160	555	610	1,145	565	580
Same as province or territory of residence	90	40	50	905	435	470	825	390	435
Different than province or territory of residence	15	0	15	255	120	135	320	175	145
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	25	15	10	515	265	250	530	245	285
Americas	0	0	0	55	25	35	60	30	35
United States of America	0	0	0	25	20	10	25	10	20
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	0	70	50	20	55	25	25
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	45	30	10	25	15	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	120	60	60	75	50	25
Nigeria	0	0	0	70	30	40	40	25	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	25	15	10	20	10	15
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Asia	10	0	0	260	120	135	325	140	190
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	55	30	25	40	20	20
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	40	15	25	75	35	40
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	85	40	45	85	40	45
Pakistan	0	0	0	25	10	15	50	20	30
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	285	150	140	2,525	1,235	1,290	2,935	1,470	1,460
In the labour force	195	110	85	1,960	1,010	950	2,210	1,165	1,040
Employed	170	100	70	1,785	925	865	1,940	1,025	910
Unemployed	25	10	10	170	90	85	270	140	130
Not in the labour force	95	40	60	570	225	340	720	305	420
Participation rate	68.4	73.3	60.7	77.6	81.8	73.6	75.3	79.3	71.2
Employment rate	59.6	66.7	50.0	70.7	74.9	67.1	66.1	69.7	62.3
Unemployment rate	12.8	9.1	11.8	8.7	8.9	8.9	12.2	12.0	12.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	285	145	145	2,525	1,235	1,295	2,930	1,470	1,460
Did not work¹⁸⁶	100	45	50	630	255	370	825	365	465
Worked	190	100	90	1,895	980	915	2,105	1,105	1,000
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	85	50	35	1,105	610	495	1,220	685	535
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	105	45	55	790	370	420	885	425	465
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.4	41.2	37.2	42.8	43.2	42.4	43.5	44.0	42.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	195	105	85	1,955	1,010	945	2,210	1,165	1,045
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	45	20	25	105	55	50
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	190	105	85	1,915	990	925	2,110	1,110	995
Employee	160	100	60	1,685	860	825	1,755	900	855
Permanent position	130	85	45	1,475	750	720	1,440	750	685
Temporary position	25	10	15	215	110	105	320	145	175
Fixed term (1 year or more)	10	0	0	105	45	65	150	65	80
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	20	10	10	110	70	40	170	80	95
Self-employed¹⁹²	30	10	25	230	125	100	350	215	135
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	195	105	85	1,955	1,010	945	2,210	1,165	1,045
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	45	20	25	105	55	50
All occupations¹⁹¹	190	105	85	1,915	990	925	2,110	1,110	995
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	10	10	0	20	15	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	50	15	35	415	115	300	420	140	280
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	10	10	0	280	225	50	315	235	80
3 Health occupations	20	0	20	205	30	170	215	55	155
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	0	0	0	220	80	145	255	90	170
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	35	15	20	35	25	10
6 Sales and service occupations	65	40	25	390	185	200	480	245	230
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	30	30	0	310	285	30	285	245	40
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	30	30	0	20	20	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	20	20	0	65	45	25
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	195	105	85	1,955	1,010	945	2,210	1,165	1,045
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	45	20	25	105	55	50
All industries¹⁹¹	190	105	85	1,915	990	925	2,110	1,110	995
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	90	55	35	135	70	65
22 Utilities	0	0	0	30	25	10	15	15	0
23 Construction	10	10	0	150	120	30	135	105	30
31-33 Manufacturing	10	0	0	65	35	30	95	60	35
41 Wholesale trade	10	10	0	55	35	20	35	25	0
44-45 Retail trade	30	25	0	180	80	105	210	100	110
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20	20	0	140	95	40	180	120	60
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	50	35	15	50	40	10
52 Finance and insurance	20	10	10	75	35	35	120	75	45
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	25	20	10	40	25	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	25	0	15	290	155	135	260	135	130
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	55	35	20	65	30	35
61 Educational services	0	0	0	160	60	100	200	75	120
62 Health care and social assistance	40	0	30	305	65	240	275	75	205
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
72 Accommodation and food services	15	0	10	75	40	35	115	60	50
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	0	0	55	35	20	60	35	30
91 Public administration	0	0	0	105	55	45	105	60	50
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	205	110	100	2,015	1,030	985	2,225	1,185	1,040
English	195	105	90	1,865	960	910	2,070	1,100	970
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	30	10	20	20	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	30	10	20	20	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	30	10	20	25	10	15
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	80	40	35	115	65	50
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	205	110	100	2,015	1,030	985	2,225	1,185	1,040
Single responses	205	110	100	1,985	1,015	975	2,185	1,160	1,020
Official languages	200	105	95	1,940	990	950	2,145	1,140	1,005
English	200	105	95	1,935	990	940	2,140	1,140	1,000
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	45	20	25	35	15	20
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	45	20	25	35	15	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15	15	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	25	15	15	15	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	25	15	15	15	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	30	15	15	40	20	20
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	25	15	10	40	20	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	205	110	100	2,015	1,030	985	2,225	1,185	1,040
None	195	105	95	1,930	980	945	2,125	1,130	1,000
English	0	0	0	15	10	0	25	10	10
French	0	0	0	25	10	10	20	10	15
Non-official language	0	0	0	40	20	15	50	30	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	40	20	15	50	30	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	170	100	70	1,785	925	865	1,940	1,025	915
Worked at home	55	25	30	570	280	290	525	240	290
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	10	10	0	20	15	0
No fixed workplace address	25	20	10	200	150	45	260	185	75
Usual place of work	95	60	35	1,015	485	530	1,135	590	550
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	95	60	35	1,015	485	530	1,135	590	550
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	90	55	35	905	395	505	1,035	525	510
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	85	60	30	70	45	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	25	25	0	25	25	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	120	75	45	1,215	640	580	1,390	775	620
Car, truck or van	100	65	30	1,100	595	510	1,270	735	535
Car, truck or van - as a driver	90	65	25	1,065	570	490	1,170	710	460
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	0	0	40	20	15	95	25	70
Public transit	0	0	0	40	0	35	35	10	30
Walked	0	0	0	15	15	0	20	0	20
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	10	0	10	55	20	30	65	25	40
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	120	75	45	1,215	640	580	1,390	775	620
Less than 15 minutes	30	10	20	170	75	100	235	85	150
15 to 29 minutes	40	35	0	540	270	270	630	335	290
30 to 44 minutes	30	15	15	370	205	165	385	270	115
45 to 59 minutes	10	0	0	80	50	30	75	45	30
60 minutes and over	10	10	0	55	45	15	70	40	25
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	120	75	45	1,215	640	580	1,390	775	620
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	10	0	65	45	20	60	35	30
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	20	20	0	300	145	155	255	155	95
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	20	10	10	365	190	175	365	195	170
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	20	0	20	195	95	100	295	160	130
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	25	15	0	150	85	65	205	105	100
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	20	15	10	140	75	65	205	120	85
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	105	55	50	1,195	595	605	1,095	560	535
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	10	5	70	35	40	85	45	45
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	95	50	50	1,125	560	565	1,005	515	495
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	80	50	30	805	400	405	885	445	435
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	10	0	50	20	30	75	40	35
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0	25	5	20	30	15	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0	20	15	10	45	25	25
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	40	30	755	385	375	810	410	400

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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