Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48061192More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48060948More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062519More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	707	...	...	482	...	...	13,230	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	225	...	...	157	...	...	3,757	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	222	...	...	136	...	...	3,573	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5,966.2	...	...	5,111.3	...	...	1,247.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.12	...	...	0.09	...	...	10.60	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	710	370	335	485	260	225	13,230	6,475	6,755
0 to 14 years	120	65	60	70	40	25	3,330	1,680	1,650
0 to 4 years	30	15	15	15	10	0	1,450	730	720
5 to 9 years	45	20	20	20	10	10	1,065	550	510
10 to 14 years	50	25	25	30	20	10	815	395	415
15 to 64 years	520	270	245	335	180	155	8,920	4,405	4,515
15 to 19 years	60	25	30	30	20	10	660	320	340
20 to 24 years	50	25	20	40	25	20	755	380	375
25 to 29 years	50	30	20	35	20	15	1,155	510	640
30 to 34 years	45	20	25	35	20	15	1,800	885	910
35 to 39 years	45	25	20	25	10	15	1,480	740	740
40 to 44 years	50	25	30	35	20	20	1,105	555	550
45 to 49 years	60	40	20	35	20	20	725	390	335
50 to 54 years	50	25	25	30	15	20	475	250	225
55 to 59 years	50	20	30	30	15	15	380	195	190
60 to 64 years	55	35	25	35	25	15	390	185	205
65 years and over	65	35	25	80	35	40	975	385	595
65 to 69 years	40	25	20	25	10	10	340	160	180
70 to 74 years	15	5	10	20	10	10	170	80	95
75 to 79 years	5	5	0	20	10	10	155	75	85
80 to 84 years	5	5	0	10	5	0	90	35	50
85 years and over	0	0	0	5	5	5	220	35	190
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	20	95
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	5	90	10	80
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.9	17.6	17.9	14.4	15.4	11.1	25.2	25.9	24.4
15 to 64 years	73.2	73.0	73.1	69.1	69.2	68.9	67.4	68.0	66.8
65 years and over	9.2	9.5	7.5	16.5	13.5	17.8	7.4	5.9	8.8
85 years and over	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0	1.9	2.2	1.7	0.5	2.8
Average age of the population	37.5	38.2	36.7	40.9	39.6	42.4	31.9	31.1	32.7
Median age of the population	38.0	38.4	37.6	40.8	37.6	42.8	32.0	32.0	32.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	220	...	...	140	...	...	3,575	...	...
Single-detached house	220	...	...	125	...	...	1,950	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	545	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	590	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	15	...	...	195	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	290	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	225	...	...	135	...	...	3,570	...	...
1 person	20	...	...	10	...	...	350	...	...
2 persons	70	...	...	40	...	...	645	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	25	...	...	775	...	...
4 persons	55	...	...	25	...	...	925	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	40	...	...	880	...	...
Number of persons in private households	705	370	340	485	260	220	12,770	6,315	6,455
Average household size	3.2	...	...	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	585	305	275	415	220	195	9,900	4,795	5,105
Married or living common-law	330	160	165	230	120	110	6,590	3,285	3,300
Married	270	130	135	210	110	105	6,205	3,095	3,105
Living common-law	55	25	25	20	10	10	385	190	200
Living common law - Never married	40	15	20	10	0	5	310	145	160
Living common law - Separated	10	5	0	5	0	0	25	15	10
Living common law - Divorced	10	5	10	10	5	0	45	25	25
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Not married and not living common-law	260	150	115	185	100	85	3,310	1,505	1,800
Not married and not living common law - Never married	200	115	80	135	90	50	2,365	1,270	1,095
Not married and not living common law - Separated	10	5	5	5	0	5	160	50	115
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	30	15	15	15	5	10	320	125	195
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	10	5	5	25	10	15	470	70	400
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	195	...	...	130	...	...	3,495	...	...
2 persons	75	...	...	50	...	...	1,040	...	...
3 persons	50	...	...	35	...	...	1,005	...	...
4 persons	55	...	...	35	...	...	1,030	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	10	...	...	420	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	3.2	...	...	3.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.9	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	200	...	...	130	...	...	3,495	...	...
Total couple families	160	...	...	115	...	...	3,135	...	...
Married couples	130	...	...	100	...	...	2,940	...	...
With children⁶	90	...	...	70	...	...	2,215	...	...
Without children	40	...	...	30	...	...	730	...	...
Common-law couples	30	...	...	10	...	...	195	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	5	...	...	95	...	...
Without children	15	...	...	5	...	...	95	...	...
Total one-parent families	35	...	...	20	...	...	360	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	25	...	...	15	...	...	305	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	5	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	705	370	340	485	260	220	12,765	6,315	6,455
Total - Persons in census families	615	315	300	415	220	195	11,460	5,640	5,815
Married spouses or common-law partners	320	160	160	220	110	110	6,270	3,125	3,150
Parents in one-parent families	40	10	30	20	0	15	360	50	305
Children⁶	260	145	115	175	110	70	4,825	2,470	2,355
In a two-parent family	195	105	90	145	90	55	4,250	2,170	2,075
In a one-parent family	65	35	25	35	20	15	580	300	280
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	90	55	35	65	40	25	1,310	670	635
Living alone	25	15	10	10	5	0	355	180	175
Living with other relatives⁷	20	15	5	25	15	15	585	280	300
Living with non-relatives only	45	35	15	25	15	5	375	210	165
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	225	...	...	135	...	...	3,570	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	150	...	...	85	...	...	2,275	...	...
Couple-family households	130	...	...	70	...	...	2,075	...	...
With children⁶	75	...	...	50	...	...	1,640	...	...
Without children	45	...	...	25	...	...	435	...	...
One-parent-family households	25	...	...	10	...	...	200	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	15	...	...	15	...	...	435	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	5	...	...	95	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	15	...	...	15	...	...	280	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	15	...	...	10	...	...	135	...	...
One-person households	20	...	...	10	...	...	350	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	585	310	280	415	220	195	9,440	4,630	4,805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	545	295	250	380	205	180	8,870	4,380	4,490
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	45,200	35,200	36,400	40,800	32,400	41,600	47,600	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	545	295	250	380	205	180	8,870	4,380	4,490
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	39,600	32,400	33,200	36,400	31,200	37,600	42,000	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	470	260	210	330	180	155	7,940	4,110	3,830
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	42,400	26,800	30,200	37,200	22,400	37,600	45,200	30,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	425	235	185	270	150	120	7,395	3,785	3,610
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	43,200	28,600	33,200	38,400	29,800	36,400	44,000	30,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	505	275	230	355	190	170	8,095	3,910	4,185
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,600	7,000	9,600	9,400	8,900	11,900	6,200	2,980	9,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	85	55	30	55	35	25	1,360	520	845
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,280	6,280	5,520	5,480	5,160	5,600	6,000	5,480	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	240	135	105	155	80	75	3,765	1,770	1,995
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	8,000	9,500	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,600
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	565	290	270	465	245	225	9,475	4,630	4,850
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	540	290	250	425	225	200	8,900	4,365	4,535
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	45,600	40,000	38,000	42,000	33,600	46,240	52,800	39,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	540	290	250	425	225	200	8,905	4,365	4,540
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,800	39,600	36,000	33,800	36,400	30,600	40,240	45,120	35,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	460	255	200	370	195	175	8,005	4,105	3,905
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,200	40,400	35,200	33,000	38,400	27,200	41,680	49,440	33,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	430	225	200	310	165	145	7,475	3,790	3,680
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	43,600	34,000	34,400	39,600	29,200	41,280	48,440	33,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	465	245	225	395	210	185	8,150	3,925	4,230
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,160	11,700	12,600	9,920	9,400	10,400	9,570	7,120	11,840
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	100	65	30	65	30	35	1,500	545	960
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,400	6,800	12,000	6,400	7,200	5,600	8,000	6,640	8,760
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	255	145	110	180	105	70	3,850	1,730	2,120
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	9,800	10,200	9,000	9,800	7,800	9,220	8,910	9,470
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	565	290	270	465	245	225	9,480	4,630	4,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	190	105	90	140	70	65	3,190	1,900	1,290
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,800	60,400	50,400	48,800	60,800	48,000	56,400	61,600	48,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,200	63,000	55,000	55,000	64,000	44,000	60,450	65,200	53,350
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	140	65	80	115	65	50	3,285	1,430	1,855
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,000	20,600	16,000	12,000	11,600	12,000	21,000	24,800	17,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,400	29,000	17,600	20,800	21,000	20,000	28,040	31,600	25,260
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.5	79.0	72.0	75.5	79.0	71.0	81.0	87.8	72.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	72.0	74.0	69.0	67.0	68.0	64.0	75.0	79.6	69.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.4	21.6	28.0	24.2	20.8	29.2	18.9	12.1	27.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.6	3.4	4.0	2.4	2.4	2.8	2.9	1.6	4.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	11.5	11.0	12.2	10.8	11.8	9.6	9.4	7.2	12.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	10.8	10.8	11.2	9.8	11.2	8.5	8.6	6.7	11.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	585	305	275	415	220	195	9,435	4,630	4,805
Without total income	40	15	25	30	15	15	570	255	315
With total income	545	290	250	385	200	180	8,865	4,375	4,490
Under $10,000 (including loss)	45	20	30	35	20	10	825	310	515
$10,000 to $19,999	55	30	30	45	20	30	840	355	480
$20,000 to $29,999	95	50	50	85	35	45	1,260	570	695
$30,000 to $39,999	80	30	50	45	15	30	1,305	510	800
$40,000 to $49,999	65	40	25	50	25	25	1,215	610	605
$50,000 to $59,999	60	35	25	40	25	20	980	505	475
$60,000 to $69,999	40	25	20	30	20	10	780	430	350
$70,000 to $79,999	35	25	10	20	10	10	560	340	220
$80,000 to $89,999	25	15	5	10	10	0	370	240	125
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	0	10	5	0	255	165	90
$100,000 and over	30	20	10	15	10	0	480	345	135
$100,000 to $149,999	25	15	5	10	5	0	380	265	120
$150,000 and over	5	5	0	0	0	0	95	80	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	585	305	275	415	220	195	9,435	4,630	4,805
Without after-tax income	40	15	25	30	15	15	565	255	315
With after-tax income	545	290	250	385	200	180	8,865	4,375	4,495
Under $10,000 (including loss)	50	20	25	35	20	10	830	315	520
$10,000 to $19,999	55	30	25	50	20	25	870	370	500
$20,000 to $29,999	105	50	60	85	35	45	1,475	650	820
$30,000 to $39,999	100	50	50	60	20	35	1,585	690	900
$40,000 to $49,999	75	45	35	60	35	30	1,420	725	695
$50,000 to $59,999	60	45	20	40	25	15	1,065	590	480
$60,000 to $69,999	40	20	20	25	15	5	700	425	275
$70,000 to $79,999	25	20	0	10	10	5	395	245	150
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	5	10	5	0	225	155	70
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	0	0	0	105	65	40
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	5	0	0	200	155	45
$100,000 to $124,999	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	90	35
$125,000 and over	5	5	0	0	0	0	70	60	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	585	305	275	415	220	195	9,435	4,630	4,805
Without employment income	160	70	90	145	70	75	2,040	845	1,200
With employment income	425	240	190	270	145	120	7,400	3,790	3,610
Under $5,000 (including loss)	40	20	25	30	15	20	705	295	410
$5,000 to $9,999	35	20	15	30	15	15	675	275	405
$10,000 to $19,999	65	30	35	35	15	15	910	395	510
$20,000 to $29,999	40	15	25	25	10	10	850	415	435
$30,000 to $39,999	50	30	20	25	15	15	825	375	450
$40,000 to $49,999	40	20	20	25	15	15	805	400	405
$50,000 to $59,999	50	35	20	25	20	10	715	380	330
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	10	20	15	10	585	335	250
$70,000 to $79,999	30	20	10	15	10	5	425	285	145
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	5	10	5	0	295	195	100
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	5	5	0	195	135	60
$100,000 and over	25	20	10	15	10	0	405	300	105
$100,000 to $124,999	20	15	5	10	5	0	240	165	80
$125,000 and over	10	5	0	0	0	0	160	130	25
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	585	310	280	415	220	195	9,440	4,630	4,805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	525	285	240	385	200	185	8,655	4,285	4,370
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	46,000	33,600	33,600	38,800	28,000	39,200	46,400	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	525	285	240	385	200	185	8,660	4,285	4,375
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	40,800	31,400	31,600	34,400	27,200	36,000	41,200	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	470	265	205	335	180	155	7,795	4,025	3,770
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	46,400	30,800	32,400	38,400	25,600	39,600	47,200	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	435	245	195	280	155	130	7,370	3,775	3,595
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200	47,200	32,400	34,400	38,400	31,000	38,000	44,800	32,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	475	255	220	335	180	155	7,755	3,775	3,980
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,360	1,020	3,840	2,320	1,160	4,480	1,050	900	3,520
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	55	35	25	25	15	10	885	295	595
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,840	4,360	3,840	6,850	x	x	6,800	4,760	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	565	290	270	465	245	225	9,475	4,630	4,850
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	505	270	235	445	235	210	8,665	4,285	4,380
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,200	45,600	38,400	35,000	39,200	30,200	43,440	50,400	36,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	505	270	235	445	235	210	8,665	4,285	4,380
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	38,800	34,000	30,900	34,000	27,400	37,840	43,000	32,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	460	255	205	385	210	175	7,870	4,040	3,825
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,400	44,000	38,000	35,200	39,600	30,200	43,360	51,250	35,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	430	225	205	340	190	155	7,450	3,820	3,635
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,800	46,800	36,400	36,400	40,400	31,600	42,680	49,600	35,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	425	225	205	400	220	175	7,775	3,785	3,995
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,280	4,840	5,760	4,780	3,920	5,880	4,520	2,324	6,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	70	25	35	30	15	0	1,000	305	695
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,800	12,000	3,400	6,800	7,000	...	8,800	6,080	10,020
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	565	290	270	465	245	225	9,480	4,630	4,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	195	105	90	140	70	65	3,155	1,880	1,275
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,200	53,200	52,400	45,200	40,800	45,200	50,400	55,200	42,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,600	58,000	53,000	57,000	66,000	46,000	56,200	61,750	48,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	140	65	80	120	70	50	3,035	1,330	1,700
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,800	18,600	19,000	18,000	21,800	12,100	30,200	34,400	26,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,600	38,000	23,000	25,200	28,000	21,000	35,240	40,960	30,760
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	89.0	92.0	88.0	88.0	90.0	84.0	90.6	96.0	83.6
Employment income (%)	84.0	86.0	80.0	80.0	84.0	76.0	84.6	87.8	80.2
Government transfers (%)	10.6	8.8	13.0	12.3	9.6	16.4	9.3	4.1	16.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	2.4	1.4	1.2	1.0	x	2.3	0.9	4.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	225	...	...	135	...	...	3,570	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	109,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	96,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	20	...	...	10	...	...	350	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,400	...	...	x	...	...	53,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,800	...	...	x	...	...	46,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	200	...	...	130	...	...	3,220	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	121,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	103,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	215	...	...	135	...	...	3,585	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	114,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	106,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	15	...	...	350	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	70,000	...	...	65,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	60,000	...	...	54,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	205	...	...	120	...	...	3,230	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	126,000	...	...	120,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	114,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	225	...	...	135	...	...	3,570	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	60	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	60	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	80	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	145	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	220	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	5	...	...	250	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	315	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	315	...	...
$100,000 and over	125	...	...	75	...	...	1,985	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	45	...	...	20	...	...	700	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	20	...	...	515	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	40	...	...	20	...	...	515	...	...
$200,000 and over	10	...	...	15	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	225	...	...	135	...	...	3,570	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	65	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	65	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	85	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	90	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	200	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	290	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	355	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	400	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	350	...	...
$100,000 and over	95	...	...	60	...	...	1,580	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	40	...	...	30	...	...	700	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	15	...	...	420	...	...
$150,000 and over	25	...	...	25	...	...	460	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	190	...	...	120	...	...	3,155	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.4	...	...	3.6	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	30	...	...	470	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	85,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	78,500	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	105	...	...	70	...	...	2,270	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	127,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	115,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.2	...	...	4.5	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	15	...	...	275	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	x	...	...	77,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	x	...	...	70,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.9	...	...	3.2	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	70	40	30	35	25	10	725	385	335
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,000	42,800	37,200	40,000	52,800	x	46,400	46,400	46,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,200	38,400	32,800	35,200	42,400	x	41,200	41,200	41,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	185	...	...	120	...	...	3,135	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	124,000	...	...	117,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	0	...	...	385	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	...	...	...	103,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	x	...	...	88,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	105	...	...	90	...	...	2,395	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	138,000	...	...	123,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	122,000	...	...	108,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	20	...	...	260	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	95,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	85,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	55	35	20	30	25	0	770	355	415
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,000	44,000	40,000	48,000	48,000	...	55,100	55,800	54,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,000	38,000	36,000	40,000	40,000	...	46,300	46,600	46,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	710	370	335	480	260	225	12,770	6,310	6,455
0 to 17 years	155	80	75	90	50	40	3,725	1,870	1,850
0 to 5 years	40	20	25	15	10	5	1,690	860	830
18 to 64 years	490	255	230	315	170	145	8,435	4,150	4,285
65 years and over	65	40	30	80	35	40	610	295	315
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	60	25	30	20	15	10	675	320	350
0 to 17 years	25	10	15	5	0	5	270	135	135
0 to 5 years	5	0	5	0	0	0	130	75	60
18 to 64 years	30	15	15	15	10	5	375	175	200
65 years and over	5	5	5	0	0	0	20	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.4	7.2	10.0	4.8	4.5	5.0	5.3	5.1	5.4
0 to 17 years (%)	15.0	14.0	16.0	x	x	x	7.4	7.2	7.5
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	7.9	8.8	7.2
18 to 64 years (%)	6.0	4.5	8.0	5.0	7.0	3.0	4.5	4.2	4.7
65 years and over (%)	10.0	x	16.0	x	x	x	3.8	4.5	3.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	705	370	340	485	260	225	12,765	6,315	6,455
0 to 17 years	150	75	75	90	50	35	3,725	1,875	1,855
0 to 5 years	40	20	20	20	15	5	1,690	860	830
18 to 64 years	490	255	235	315	170	145	8,430	4,145	4,290
65 years and over	65	35	25	80	40	40	610	295	315
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	45	20	25	15	15	5	375	185	190
0 to 17 years	15	5	5	0	0	0	130	65	60
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	25
18 to 64 years	35	15	15	10	10	0	240	115	125
65 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.6	5.6	7.6	3.6	4.5	2.5	3.0	2.9	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	5.0	10.0	x	x	x	3.4	3.5	3.3
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.4	4.0	2.8
18 to 64 years (%)	6.8	6.0	8.0	4.0	6.0	x	2.9	2.8	2.9
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	1.2	x	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	710	370	335	485	260	225	12,770	6,310	6,455
In bottom half of the distribution	340	175	165	230	120	105	6,730	3,280	3,450
In bottom decile	55	25	30	30	20	10	610	295	315
In second decile	70	40	35	30	15	20	1,035	505	535
In third decile	75	40	35	65	30	40	1,395	675	725
In fourth decile	65	30	30	50	30	20	1,685	835	850
In fifth decile	80	40	40	50	25	20	2,005	975	1,030
In top half of the distribution	365	195	170	255	135	115	6,040	3,035	3,005
In sixth decile	90	50	40	70	40	35	1,615	795	815
In seventh decile	105	45	60	85	45	35	1,625	820	805
In eighth decile	95	50	45	35	20	15	1,445	715	730
In ninth decile	55	35	25	45	25	15	945	490	460
In top decile	20	10	10	25	15	10	410	220	195
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	705	...	...	485	...	...	12,765	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.252	...	...	0.232	...	...	0.230	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.371	...	...	0.348	...	...	0.321	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.226	...	...	0.213	...	...	0.208	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	705	370	340	480	260	225	12,965	6,375	6,590
English only	660	345	315	440	235	205	11,615	5,820	5,800
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
English and French	20	10	5	5	5	0	435	190	240
Neither English nor French	25	15	15	35	15	20	900	355	540
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	705	370	340	480	260	225	12,965	6,375	6,590
English	660	350	315	445	240	205	11,870	5,915	5,955
French	15	5	0	0	0	0	120	55	65
English and French	5	0	5	0	0	0	95	55	40
Neither English nor French	25	15	15	35	20	20	875	350	530
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	705	370	340	480	260	225	12,965	6,375	6,590
Single responses	685	360	325	435	230	200	11,530	5,660	5,870
Official languages	405	225	185	185	105	80	3,625	1,795	1,825
English	395	215	180	185	105	80	3,510	1,745	1,765
French	15	10	0	0	0	0	110	50	65
Non-official languages	275	130	145	255	125	125	7,905	3,865	4,045
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	275	130	145	255	125	125	7,905	3,865	4,040
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	15	15	40	15	20	210	95	110
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	25
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	15	15	40	15	20	165	80	90
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20
Arabic	25	10	10	15	5	5	95	45	55
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	10	5	10	10	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	85	40	45	10	5	5	80	35	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	85	40	45	10	5	5	75	35	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	85	35	45	35	15	20	970	435	535
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ilocano	15	5	5	0	0	0	65	35	35
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	25	35	35	15	15	825	365	455
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	120	115
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	70
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	25
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	20	15	135	70	65	6,085	3,025	3,055
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	20	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	20	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	10	125	70	60	5,780	2,870	2,910
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	10	120	65	55	5,425	2,690	2,740
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	5	0	0	0	90	50	40
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	0	350	170	180
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	5	340	170	170
Kacchi	0	0	0	5	0	0	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	5	75	30	45
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	70	35	35	3,920	1,940	1,980
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	15	5	5	585	295	290
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
Iranian languages	5	5	0	10	5	5	355	180	170
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Persian languages	5	5	0	5	5	5	215	115	100
Dari	0	0	0	5	5	5	150	75	75
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	25
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	5	0	0	270	135	135
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	10	5	5	0	0	0	250	130	125
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	5	0	0	0	145	70	75
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	5	35	15	20	135	60	75
Chinese languages	15	10	5	30	10	15	130	55	75
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	5	5	5	25	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	25	10	10	95	45	50
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	10	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	5	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lao	10	10	5	0	0	0	5	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	15	50	25	20	1,430	715	720
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	45	25	20	1,255	615	640
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	120	65	60
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	705	370	340	480	260	225	12,965	6,375	6,590
English	410	220	190	155	90	60	3,435	1,700	1,730
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	25
Non-official language	75	35	40	95	55	45	3,140	1,515	1,630
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	75	35	40	95	55	45	3,140	1,515	1,625
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	40
English and non-official language(s)	190	95	90	220	110	110	5,860	2,900	2,955
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0	0	0	85	50	40
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	10	10	5	10	320	150	170
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	705	370	340	480	260	225	12,965	6,375	6,590
Single responses	665	350	315	425	235	190	11,355	5,585	5,765
Official languages	465	255	215	235	130	105	5,050	2,480	2,570
English	465	250	210	230	125	105	4,990	2,455	2,535
French	5	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	35
Non-official languages	195	95	100	195	105	85	6,305	3,110	3,200
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	195	95	100	195	105	85	6,305	3,110	3,195
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	25	10	10	110	55	55
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	25	10	10	90	45	45
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Arabic	20	10	10	10	5	5	45	20	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	30	40	5	5	5	35	15	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	30	40	5	5	5	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	65	30	30	30	15	15	690	320	370
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ilocano	5	5	5	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	20	25	25	10	10	645	295	350
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	115
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	75
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	20
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	5	15	100	55	45	5,080	2,535	2,545
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	5	95	50	45	4,885	2,430	2,450
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	5	95	50	40	4,650	2,315	2,340
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	0	275	130	145
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	0	280	145	135
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	5	70	30	40
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	55	35	25	3,455	1,710	1,745
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	5	465	240	220
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	120	115
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	75	65
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	190	95	90
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	90	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	30	20	15	85	40	45
Chinese languages	15	5	5	25	15	10	80	35	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	5	5	0	20	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	5	20	10	10	60	30	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	0	5	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Lao	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	45	25	20	55	25	30	1,610	785	820
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	20	50	25	30	1,530	745	785
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	30	20	10
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	705	370	340	485	260	220	12,965	6,375	6,585
None	530	275	255	290	165	130	7,835	3,825	4,005
English	90	45	40	75	40	30	2,310	1,170	1,140
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Non-official language	60	35	25	90	35	50	1,890	910	980
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	60	35	25	90	40	55	1,890	910	980
English and French	5	5	5	0	0	0	10	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	15	10	5	570	290	280
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	5	0	5	255	130	130
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	670	335	335	515	270	240	12,830	6,310	6,520
Official languages	645	330	320	455	240	215	11,950	5,935	6,015
English	645	330	320	455	240	215	11,940	5,930	6,010
French	20	10	10	0	0	0	360	180	180
Non-official languages	240	115	130	405	200	205	10,225	5,065	5,160
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	240	115	130	405	200	205	10,225	5,065	5,160
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	15	90	40	50	345	175	165
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	20	15	90	40	50	275	135	140
Amharic	0	0	0	30	15	15	60	20	35
Arabic	30	20	15	55	20	30	200	110	95
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	95	45	45	0	0	0	150	70	80
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	95	45	45	0	0	0	150	70	80
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	85	40	45	45	15	30	1,335	615	720
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	40	60
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	60	30
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	85	40	45	45	15	30	1,295	600	700
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	175	155
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	100	90
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	75	50
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	200	105	95	7,540	3,815	3,725
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	195	105	90	7,160	3,640	3,525
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	195	105	90	6,820	3,460	3,360
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	85
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	280	240
Hindi	0	0	0	95	45	50	2,440	1,250	1,195
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	170	95	75	4,945	2,480	2,475
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	35	20	15	1,100	565	535
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	235	210
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	90
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	50
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	100	65
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	95	55
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	190	205
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	140	165
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	205	210
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	85	85
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	25	65	30	30	210	95	125
Chinese languages	25	0	15	60	30	30	210	95	125
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	10	10	65	25	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	0	15	55	30	25	155	65	85
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	670	335	330	515	275	245	12,830	6,310	6,520
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	45	25	20	0	0	0	65	30	35
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	45	25	20	0	0	0	65	25	35
First Nations (North American Indian)	40	20	15	0	0	0	30	10	20
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	625	315	315	505	275	240	12,760	6,280	6,480
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	670	335	330	515	275	245	12,830	6,310	6,520
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	25	10	15	0	0	0	40	15	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	640	325	315	515	275	245	12,790	6,300	6,495
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	215	...	...	135	...	...	3,585	...	...
Owner	160	...	...	115	...	...	3,125	...	...
Renter	55	...	...	25	...	...	455	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	215	...	...	135	...	...	3,585	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	0	...	...	920	...	...
Not condominium	210	...	...	135	...	...	2,665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	215	...	...	135	...	...	3,585	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	35	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	0	...	...	235	...	...
2 bedrooms	0	...	...	10	...	...	505	...	...
3 bedrooms	135	...	...	30	...	...	1,585	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	70	...	...	95	...	...	1,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	215	...	...	135	...	...	3,585	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	20	...	...	15	...	...	1,350	...	...
5 rooms	30	...	...	35	...	...	875	...	...
6 rooms	65	...	...	20	...	...	555	...	...
7 rooms	55	...	...	15	...	...	365	...	...
8 or more rooms	50	...	...	55	...	...	445	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.9	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	215	...	...	135	...	...	3,585	...	...
One person or fewer per room	215	...	...	130	...	...	3,205	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	215	...	...	135	...	...	3,585	...	...
Suitable	190	...	...	130	...	...	3,140	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	0	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	215	...	...	135	...	...	3,585	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
1961 to 1980	30	...	...	20	...	...	20	...	...
1981 to 1990	135	...	...	85	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	45	...	...	20	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	0	...	...	45	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	0	...	...	720	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	2,750	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	215	...	...	135	...	...	3,585	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	215	...	...	120	...	...	3,505	...	...
Major repairs needed	0	...	...	10	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	215	...	...	135	...	...	3,585	...	...
One-maintainer household	110	...	...	65	...	...	1,180	...	...
Two-maintainer household	90	...	...	35	...	...	1,910	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	10	...	...	40	...	...	495	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	215	...	...	135	...	...	3,585	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	0	...	...	60	...	...
25 to 34 years	30	...	...	15	...	...	1,125	...	...
35 to 44 years	35	...	...	15	...	...	1,325	...	...
45 to 54 years	50	...	...	15	...	...	670	...	...
55 to 64 years	75	...	...	55	...	...	285	...	...
65 to 74 years	15	...	...	25	...	...	95	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	210	...	...	135	...	...	3,575	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	185	...	...	130	...	...	2,445	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	30	...	...	0	...	...	1,130	...	...
30% to less than 100%	20	...	...	0	...	...	1,105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	215	...	...	135	...	...	3,585	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	45	...	...	25	...	...	1,525	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	30	...	...	0	...	...	1,010	...	...
Not suitable only	20	...	...	10	...	...	345	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...	10	...	...	45	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	90	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	165	...	...	115	...	...	2,055	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	210	...	...	135	...	...	3,550	...	...
In core need	15	...	...	0	...	...	230	...	...
Not in core need	190	...	...	125	...	...	3,320	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	160	...	...	110	...	...	3,130	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	78.1	...	...	40.9	...	...	96.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.5	...	...	0.0	...	...	31.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	5.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,410	...	...	695	...	...	2,200	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,440	...	...	1,020	...	...	2,238	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	348,000	...	...	400,000	...	...	428,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	345,000	...	...	420,000	...	...	442,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	55	...	...	20	...	...	455	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	27.3	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	32.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	16.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,400	...	...	x	...	...	1,580	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,360	...	...	1,600	...	...	1,585	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	670	340	335	510	270	245	12,825	6,315	6,515
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	630	315	310	510	270	235	12,745	6,270	6,480
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	670	340	335	510	270	240	12,830	6,310	6,520
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	595	305	295	400	205	190	8,795	4,395	4,395
Canadian citizens aged under 18	130	50	80	65	35	25	3,325	1,670	1,660
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	465	250	215	335	170	165	5,470	2,725	2,740
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	75	35	40	115	70	50	4,035	1,915	2,120
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	670	340	335	510	270	240	12,830	6,310	6,520
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	440	220	215	180	110	70	4,375	2,180	2,195
Immigrants⁸¹	225	115	115	330	155	175	8,015	3,900	4,120
Before 1980	25	15	10	40	25	15	115	55	60
1980 to 1990	45	25	20	65	25	40	180	85	95
1991 to 2000	25	0	15	50	20	30	770	405	370
2001 to 2010	60	30	30	90	50	45	2,275	1,110	1,165
2011 to 2021⁸²	75	35	40	85	40	40	4,675	2,245	2,430
2011 to 2015	40	20	25	55	35	25	2,235	1,120	1,115
2016 to 2021	35	20	20	25	10	20	2,440	1,130	1,310
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	230	210
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	225	115	115	330	155	170	8,015	3,900	4,115
Under 5 years	30	15	15	10	10	0	555	230	320
5 to 14 years	40	30	10	40	20	20	1,020	545	470
15 to 24 years	50	25	30	75	40	40	1,635	760	870
25 to 44 years	90	40	55	130	60	70	3,910	1,920	1,990
45 years and over	20	0	15	65	30	35	910	445	470
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	225	115	115	330	155	170	8,015	3,900	4,115
Americas	10	0	10	10	0	10	295	150	150
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	50	30
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Europe	15	10	0	0	0	0	205	85	115
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	15	40
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	25
Africa	15	10	10	55	30	25	770	370	400
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	55
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	120	130
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	25
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	25	15	0	305	155	145
Asia	190	95	95	265	120	140	6,675	3,255	3,420
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	90	70
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	45
Lebanon	0	0	0	20	10	10	25	10	15
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	20	55
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	15	0	0	20	10	10
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	80	45	40	45	20	25	1,265	595	670
Viet Nam	60	25	35	30	20	10	110	55	55
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	75	55
India	0	0	0	100	45	50	3,940	1,965	1,980
Pakistan	0	0	0	40	20	20	600	295	310
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	40	25	10	15	0	10	225	90	135
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	35
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	35	15	20	30	10	20	2,445	1,130	1,310
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	70
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	25
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	125	145
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	85
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Asia	35	15	20	30	10	20	1,975	915	1,060
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	15	0	10	1,325	635	695
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55
Philippines	10	0	10	10	0	10	420	170	245
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	670	335	330	515	270	240	12,830	6,310	6,520
First generation¹⁰⁰	245	125	120	330	160	170	8,525	4,180	4,350
Second generation¹⁰¹	120	60	60	155	95	60	3,475	1,725	1,745
Third generation or more¹⁰²	305	155	150	25	10	15	830	405	425
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	200	100	105	290	130	155	7,905	3,845	4,055
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	60	35	20	75	35	35	4,200	2,230	1,970
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	30	15	15	35	20	20	1,845	1,230	615
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	25	25	0	40	20	20	2,355	1,000	1,355
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	100	30	70	130	45	80	2,875	1,175	1,700
Refugees¹⁰⁸	45	25	15	85	45	40	770	400	370
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	20
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	200	100	105	290	130	155	7,905	3,845	4,055
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	215	105
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	15	0	10	0	0	0	795	365	435
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	45	30
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	0	0	0	0	0	775	525	245
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	185	85	90	270	130	140	5,930	2,695	3,235
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	670	335	330	515	270	240	12,830	6,310	6,520
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	325	155	165	490	255	230	11,765	5,790	5,970
South Asian	0	0	0	200	115	85	7,195	3,635	3,560
Chinese	0	0	0	55	35	25	195	90	105
Black	30	15	15	55	25	25	1,200	570	625
Filipino	90	50	40	75	35	35	1,655	765	895
Arab	30	20	15	50	25	25	225	105	120
Latin American	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	110	130
Southeast Asian	150	65	80	20	0	15	240	105	135
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	205	125
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	90	130
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	25	20	10	230	95	135
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	345	180	165	25	10	15	1,065	515	545
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	670	335	335	515	270	240	12,830	6,310	6,520
Canadian	85	40	40	0	0	0	445	180	265
English	45	20	25	0	0	0	265	110	155
Irish	45	25	20	0	0	0	265	120	145
Scottish	85	50	35	0	0	0	235	130	105
French, n.o.s.¹²²	40	15	25	0	0	0	145	80	65
German	110	50	55	0	0	0	265	120	150
Chinese	20	10	10	75	40	35	285	110	175
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Indian (India)	10	10	0	75	40	35	3,355	1,705	1,650
Ukrainian	30	10	15	0	0	0	120	45	75
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Polish	10	10	0	0	0	0	70	25	45
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25
Filipino	75	45	30	80	35	40	1,585	730	860
French Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	20	15	0	0	0	0	65	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	35
Russian	15	15	0	0	0	0	60	15	45
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	35
Welsh	20	10	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
American	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	25
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	45	80
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	50	25	25	655	320	335
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	120	135
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	90	45	45	1,550	775	775
Vietnamese	100	40	60	0	0	0	150	70	75
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	70
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	45
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	135	150
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	25	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	0	30
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15
Lebanese	0	0	0	35	15	25	35	20	15
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	85	45	35	1,105	550	555
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	240	225
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	25
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	100	100
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	70
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	45	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	35
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	145	100
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	70	50
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	95	95
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	50
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	35
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	65
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	60
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	30
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	30	15	20	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	55	25
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	45	80
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	15
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	60
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	55
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	25
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	670	335	330	515	275	245	12,830	6,310	6,520
Buddhist	65	20	45	40	20	20	130	50	85
Christian	270	150	120	155	75	85	3,660	1,740	1,920
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	45	30	15	0	0	0	965	435	525
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	30	15	15	0	0	0	20	0	15
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Catholic	135	70	70	90	40	50	1,940	940	995
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	50	25	20	105	60	45
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	70	90
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	15	15	0	0	0	0	210	90	120
Presbyterian	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	10	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	15	10	0	0	0	0	135	65	70
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	740	700
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	40	20	15	135	70	65	2,110	1,070	1,040
Sikh	0	0	0	130	75	55	4,215	2,105	2,115
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	280	135	140	50	35	15	1,270	605	670
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	665	340	330	510	270	240	12,495	6,125	6,365
Non-movers	600	300	300	495	260	230	10,085	4,950	5,140
Movers	70	35	35	20	0	15	2,410	1,175	1,230
Non-migrants	40	25	10	0	0	0	1,795	885	905
Migrants	30	10	20	0	0	0	610	295	320
Internal migrants	20	0	15	0	0	0	420	215	205
Intraprovincial migrants	15	0	15	0	0	0	165	75	90
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	145	115
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	80	115
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	640	320	320	505	265	240	11,265	5,520	5,745
Non-movers	470	230	245	375	200	170	2,500	1,290	1,215
Movers	165	90	75	130	65	70	8,765	4,235	4,530
Non-migrants	120	65	50	110	50	55	6,065	2,940	3,130
Migrants	50	25	25	25	15	10	2,700	1,295	1,400
Internal migrants	25	15	15	10	0	0	1,215	620	595
Intraprovincial migrants	15	10	10	0	0	0	440	215	225
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	10	0	0	770	405	365
External migrants	25	10	10	10	10	0	1,485	675	805
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	565	290	270	460	245	225	9,480	4,630	4,850
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	210	100	105	115	45	65	1,625	775	850
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	355	190	165	355	195	155	7,855	3,855	4,000
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	410	205	205	310	170	135	7,390	3,595	3,795
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	130	60	70	55	25	30	925	425	500
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	280	145	135	255	145	110	6,465	3,170	3,295
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	565	295	275	465	245	225	9,480	4,630	4,855
No certificate, diploma or degree	180	95	90	105	40	65	1,515	720	795
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	190	85	100	170	80	85	2,145	1,155	990
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	195	115	80	190	120	65	5,820	2,750	3,070
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	145	85	60	105	75	25	2,145	1,070	1,080
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	55	40	20	25	20	0	345	235	110
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	20	15	0	145	90	55
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	50	40	10	0	0	0	195	145	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	65	30	35	50	45	15	1,280	590	695
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	15	0	25	15	10	520	245	270
Bachelor's degree or higher	50	30	20	90	50	40	3,670	1,680	1,990
Bachelor's degree	45	25	20	75	45	30	2,405	1,100	1,300
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	75	90
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Master's degree	0	0	0	10	0	10	1,000	455	545
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	415	205	205	310	175	140	7,390	3,595	3,795
No certificate, diploma or degree	110	50	55	50	25	25	820	375	450
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	135	55	75	105	55	55	1,410	815	595
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	170	95	70	145	95	50	5,155	2,405	2,755
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	65	50	80	60	20	1,800	880	920
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	45	30	15	20	20	0	290	195	95
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	15	15	0	115	65	45
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	45	30	15	0	0	0	180	135	45
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	50	25	30	40	30	10	1,065	475	590
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	15	0	20	15	0	445	205	235
Bachelor's degree or higher	55	35	25	70	30	35	3,360	1,525	1,835
Bachelor's degree	45	20	25	50	30	20	2,175	985	1,195
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35
Master's degree	0	0	0	15	0	15	945	430	515
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	565	295	275	465	240	220	9,480	4,625	4,850
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	365	180	195	275	120	155	3,660	1,875	1,785
Education	0	0	0	10	0	10	200	15	180
13. Education	0	0	0	10	0	10	200	15	180
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	10	0	0	85	25	55
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	10	0	0	85	25	55
Humanities	10	0	0	15	0	10	430	170	255
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	40
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	120	160
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	20	0	20	25	10	15	425	125	295
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20	0	0	0	50	0	50
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	10	0	0	85	30	60
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	50
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0	180	80	100
Business, management and public administration	30	10	20	30	15	10	1,510	670	835
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	30	10	20	30	15	10	1,455	655	800
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	125	165
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	25	60
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	60
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	20	10	0	540	300	240
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	20	10	0	445	250	195
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	80	75	10	50	50	0	1,115	955	160
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
14. Engineering	20	20	0	15	15	0	570	445	115
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	0	0	15	15	0	230	195	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	25	0	0	0	0	105	105	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	145	145	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	45	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	50	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	45	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Health and related fields	25	10	15	20	10	10	965	215	750
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	25	10	15	20	10	10	950	205	745
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	0	15	15	0	0	195	95	105
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	0	15	15	0	0	140	50	90
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	415	210	205	305	170	135	7,395	3,595	3,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	240	110	130	160	75	85	2,235	1,190	1,040
Education	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	15	155
13. Education	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	15	155
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	10	0	0	80	30	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	10	0	0	80	30	50
Humanities	10	0	0	15	0	10	340	130	215
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	85	130
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	15	0	15	10	0	10	360	110	250
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15	0	0	0	35	0	30
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	20	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	30
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	70	100
Business, management and public administration	30	0	15	25	10	10	1,325	580	745
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	30	0	15	25	10	10	1,270	560	710
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	105	140
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	45	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	20	10	0	500	265	235
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	20	10	0	415	225	190
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	70	65	0	50	50	0	1,005	860	145
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
14. Engineering	25	25	0	10	10	0	530	415	110
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	15	0	200	175	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	20	0	0	0	0	90	90	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	130	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	0	0	0	35	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	55	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	45	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Health and related fields	15	10	10	10	10	10	885	190	700
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	15	10	10	10	10	10	870	170	695
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	10	0	0	0	170	80	95
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10	0	0	0	125	40	85
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	30	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	415	210	205	305	170	135	7,395	3,595	3,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	240	110	130	160	75	85	2,235	1,190	1,040
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	175	100	75	150	95	50	5,155	2,405	2,755
Location of study inside Canada	105	65	45	85	70	20	2,000	910	1,085
Same as province or territory of residence	80	50	30	80	65	10	1,375	550	825
Different than province or territory of residence	25	15	10	10	0	0	625	360	260
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	60	35	25	60	30	30	3,160	1,495	1,665
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	95	95
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20
Asia	55	30	25	60	30	30	2,755	1,290	1,470
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	45	25	20	15	0	10	590	275	320
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	40	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	25	20	15	1,775	830	940
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0	220	105	120
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	25	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	565	295	275	465	245	225	9,480	4,630	4,855
In the labour force	380	200	175	290	165	130	7,345	3,865	3,480
Employed	305	155	150	230	130	100	6,510	3,490	3,015
Unemployed	70	45	25	60	35	30	835	375	460
Not in the labour force	185	95	95	170	80	90	2,135	765	1,375
Participation rate	67.3	67.8	63.6	62.4	67.3	57.8	77.5	83.5	71.7
Employment rate	54.0	52.5	54.5	49.5	53.1	44.4	68.7	75.4	62.1
Unemployment rate	18.4	22.5	14.3	20.7	21.2	23.1	11.4	9.7	13.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	565	295	275	465	240	220	9,480	4,625	4,850
Did not work¹⁸⁶	200	110	95	195	95	105	2,675	1,100	1,580
Worked	360	185	175	270	145	120	6,805	3,530	3,270
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	205	105	100	145	75	70	3,300	1,970	1,330
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	160	75	80	125	75	50	3,505	1,560	1,945
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.4	39.0	41.8	41.4	42.4	40.0	39.6	41.6	37.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	375	200	180	295	165	130	7,345	3,865	3,475
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	0	0	0	0	215	105	110
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	360	190	175	290	155	130	7,125	3,760	3,370
Employee	325	170	155	260	130	130	6,155	3,020	3,135
Permanent position	295	150	145	195	90	105	5,235	2,630	2,605
Temporary position	30	20	0	65	40	30	925	390	530
Fixed term (1 year or more)	10	0	0	35	20	15	285	115	170
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	25	15	0	30	15	15	640	275	365
Self-employed¹⁹²	35	15	20	30	30	0	970	735	230
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	375	200	180	295	165	130	7,345	3,865	3,475
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	0	0	0	0	215	105	110
All occupations¹⁹¹	360	190	175	290	155	130	7,125	3,760	3,370
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	45	20	25	30	15	20	965	315	640
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	10	10	0	15	15	0	570	430	140
3 Health occupations	25	15	15	10	0	10	615	85	530
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	25	0	25	0	0	0	540	160	380
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	10	0	10	65	30	30
6 Sales and service occupations	110	40	75	105	40	60	2,140	875	1,265
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	125	105	25	85	80	10	1,840	1,590	245
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	85	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	20	0	10	30	0	25	295	180	120
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	375	200	180	295	165	130	7,345	3,865	3,475
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	0	0	0	0	215	105	110
All industries¹⁹¹	360	190	175	290	155	130	7,125	3,760	3,370
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	115	30
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
23 Construction	45	30	15	15	15	0	445	390	55
31-33 Manufacturing	60	40	20	25	10	15	400	280	115
41 Wholesale trade	25	20	10	15	0	10	200	140	65
44-45 Retail trade	35	0	30	60	25	35	1,170	545	625
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	30	20	15	30	20	10	1,270	985	280
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	65
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	10	0	10	220	105	115
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	25	10	15	10	10	0	395	230	165
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	30	10	20	385	225	160
61 Educational services	15	0	10	0	0	0	250	85	165
62 Health care and social assistance	35	10	20	15	0	15	985	110	870
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	10	0	0	0	0	45	15	35
72 Accommodation and food services	30	20	15	15	0	10	525	200	330
81 Other services (except public administration)	30	0	25	35	20	10	210	95	115
91 Public administration	0	0	0	10	10	0	195	90	105
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	390	205	190	325	175	150	7,645	3,945	3,700
English	380	200	180	255	135	125	6,650	3,380	3,275
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	10	205	110	95
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	25	15	10	205	110	95
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	45	30	15	725	425	305
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	390	205	190	325	175	150	7,645	3,945	3,700
Single responses	390	205	190	305	160	140	7,470	3,840	3,625
Official languages	385	200	185	280	145	130	7,115	3,635	3,475
English	385	200	185	280	145	130	7,095	3,620	3,475
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	25	15	10	355	205	150
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	25	15	10	355	205	150
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	310	185	125
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	305	175	125
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	305	175	125
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	10	0	265	165	100
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	15	0	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	15	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	10	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	25	10	0	175	100	75
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	25	10	0	165	100	60
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	390	205	190	325	175	150	7,645	3,945	3,700
None	380	200	180	300	160	140	7,025	3,595	3,435
English	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	50
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Non-official language	10	0	10	20	15	10	390	215	175
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	10	20	15	10	390	215	175
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	305	155	150	230	130	105	6,505	3,490	3,015
Worked at home	25	15	10	30	15	15	925	465	465
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
No fixed workplace address	40	35	0	10	10	0	1,250	925	330
Usual place of work	245	105	140	190	100	85	4,310	2,090	2,220
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	245	105	140	190	105	85	4,315	2,095	2,220
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	210	80	135	180	105	70	3,420	1,630	1,795
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	25	20	0	15	0	15	790	410	380
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	285	140	145	205	115	90	5,565	3,015	2,545
Car, truck or van	255	130	130	180	105	75	4,945	2,795	2,145
Car, truck or van - as a driver	230	120	110	160	100	60	4,590	2,710	1,880
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	25	15	15	20	10	10	355	85	265
Public transit	20	0	15	25	10	15	455	150	305
Walked	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	55	65
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	285	140	145	205	115	90	5,565	3,015	2,545
Less than 15 minutes	55	35	20	80	40	40	830	370	455
15 to 29 minutes	120	50	75	70	35	30	2,695	1,485	1,210
30 to 44 minutes	70	35	35	50	30	15	1,455	860	595
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	10	0	0	260	160	100
60 minutes and over	30	15	10	0	0	0	325	140	185
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	285	140	145	205	115	90	5,565	3,015	2,545
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	40	20	25	20	10	10	450	295	150
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	45	45	0	20	10	10	870	515	355
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	60	25	35	30	15	15	1,040	520	520
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	30	10	15	10	0	0	930	445	485
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	55	10	45	70	40	30	890	440	450
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	45	25	25	55	35	20	1,385	800	585
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	160	80	80	90	50	35	3,765	1,890	1,870
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	0	5	0	0	165	85	80
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	155	75	80	90	50	35	3,595	1,810	1,785
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	125	60	65	75	40	35	2,235	1,115	1,115
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	0	5	0	0	115	55	60
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	5	0	0	65	35	40
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	125	55	65	75	40	30	2,120	1,060	1,055

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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