Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48061145More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062539More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	963	...	...	5,281	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	356	...	...	1,573	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	342	...	...	1,537	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	87.0	...	...	3,183.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	11.07	...	...	1.66	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	965	480	485	5,280	2,595	2,685
0 to 14 years	240	130	110	1,265	635	630
0 to 4 years	75	45	35	285	145	135
5 to 9 years	85	50	30	470	240	230
10 to 14 years	85	40	45	515	250	265
15 to 64 years	620	300	325	3,550	1,745	1,800
15 to 19 years	70	35	40	380	195	190
20 to 24 years	40	20	20	300	160	145
25 to 29 years	45	25	25	215	105	110
30 to 34 years	60	20	35	290	135	155
35 to 39 years	80	30	50	465	210	255
40 to 44 years	75	35	40	485	230	255
45 to 49 years	60	25	30	510	245	265
50 to 54 years	70	35	30	405	205	200
55 to 59 years	55	30	25	300	160	140
60 to 64 years	75	40	30	200	100	100
65 years and over	100	50	45	465	210	250
65 to 69 years	45	25	20	185	90	95
70 to 74 years	25	15	10	155	65	85
75 to 79 years	15	5	15	60	30	30
80 to 84 years	5	0	5	35	15	20
85 years and over	5	0	0	35	15	20
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	20	10	15
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	15	5	5
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	24.9	27.1	22.7	24.0	24.5	23.5
15 to 64 years	64.2	62.5	67.0	67.2	67.2	67.0
65 years and over	10.4	10.4	9.3	8.8	8.1	9.3
85 years and over	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.7	0.6	0.7
Average age of the population	35.8	35.7	35.8	35.3	35.0	35.6
Median age of the population	37.2	37.6	36.4	37.2	37.2	37.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	340	...	...	1,535	...	...
Single-detached house	205	...	...	1,170	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	195	...	...
Row house	80	...	...	165	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	55	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	345	...	...	1,535	...	...
1 person	85	...	...	155	...	...
2 persons	85	...	...	320	...	...
3 persons	75	...	...	305	...	...
4 persons	55	...	...	415	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	345	...	...
Number of persons in private households	940	460	475	5,280	2,595	2,685
Average household size	2.7	...	...	3.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	720	350	370	4,015	1,960	2,050
Married or living common-law	335	170	170	2,685	1,345	1,345
Married	270	135	135	2,510	1,255	1,260
Living common-law	70	35	35	175	85	90
Living common law - Never married	50	25	25	120	65	55
Living common law - Separated	5	0	0	10	0	5
Living common law - Divorced	15	5	5	45	15	25
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	385	185	205	1,325	620	705
Not married and not living common law - Never married	255	135	115	1,040	540	500
Not married and not living common law - Separated	35	10	25	55	20	35
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	70	30	35	115	45	70
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	30	5	25	120	10	105
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	250	...	...	1,445	...	...
2 persons	95	...	...	420	...	...
3 persons	70	...	...	335	...	...
4 persons	55	...	...	465	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	220	...	...
Average size of census families	3.2	...	...	3.4	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	245	...	...	1,445	...	...
Total couple families	160	...	...	1,315	...	...
Married couples	130	...	...	1,225	...	...
With children⁶	85	...	...	915	...	...
Without children	40	...	...	310	...	...
Common-law couples	30	...	...	85	...	...
With children⁶	25	...	...	50	...	...
Without children	10	...	...	35	...	...
Total one-parent families	90	...	...	130	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	75	...	...	105	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	15	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	940	460	475	5,275	2,595	2,685
Total - Persons in census families	785	365	415	4,865	2,420	2,445
Married spouses or common-law partners	320	160	160	2,625	1,315	1,315
Parents in one-parent families	90	10	80	135	25	105
Children⁶	375	195	180	2,110	1,080	1,025
In a two-parent family	215	120	90	1,905	975	930
In a one-parent family	165	80	90	200	105	95
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	150	90	60	415	175	235
Living alone	85	55	30	155	75	80
Living with other relatives⁷	25	10	15	160	40	115
Living with non-relatives only	40	25	10	100	55	40
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	345	...	...	1,540	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	210	...	...	1,110	...	...
Couple-family households	140	...	...	1,020	...	...
With children⁶	95	...	...	790	...	...
Without children	40	...	...	235	...	...
One-parent-family households	75	...	...	90	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...	155	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	15	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...	55	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	15	...	...	40	...	...
One-person households	85	...	...	155	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	695	330	365	4,015	1,960	2,050
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	640	305	330	3,790	1,860	1,930
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	38,000	36,400	43,200	52,400	37,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	640	305	330	3,790	1,860	1,930
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	34,400	34,800	39,200	46,400	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	500	255	250	3,430	1,725	1,705
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,600	36,400	25,200	40,400	52,000	31,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	450	235	220	2,965	1,525	1,440
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	40,800	29,400	43,600	55,200	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	580	270	310	3,265	1,555	1,715
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,000	8,800	15,400	6,000	4,000	7,350
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	95	45	50	415	185	235
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,280	6,280	6,240	5,480	5,480	5,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	280	125	155	1,330	640	695
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	10,000	10,000	9,400	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	700	345	360	4,160	2,040	2,130
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	635	300	330	3,935	1,935	2,005
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,000	47,200	35,200	61,050	72,000	50,480
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	635	300	330	3,935	1,935	2,005
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	40,800	32,600	50,520	58,050	43,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	485	250	230	3,605	1,790	1,810
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	45,600	26,200	58,000	70,700	45,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	430	230	195	3,060	1,565	1,490
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,600	47,600	28,200	58,550	69,500	47,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	580	265	315	3,490	1,680	1,810
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,150	9,900	17,800	9,010	7,530	10,380
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	65	30	30	415	150	265
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,800	8,000	9,000	7,040	7,300	6,950
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	250	120	130	1,475	725	755
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,700	9,200	10,200	9,270	8,600	9,900
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	700	340	360	4,160	2,035	2,125
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	175	100	75	1,455	880	580
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,800	67,000	40,400	78,000	85,000	67,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	58,000	64,000	50,000	90,100	96,800	80,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	130	65	65	1,240	560	685
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,600	34,000	7,250	17,400	17,600	17,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,600	40,000	15,200	32,600	38,800	27,550
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	68.0	82.0	52.0	87.0	91.0	81.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	64.0	78.0	47.0	74.4	78.2	69.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	31.8	18.4	48.0	13.1	9.1	18.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	1.8	2.4	1.2	0.8	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	10.9	8.4	13.8	6.2	4.8	8.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	9.4	7.8	11.6	5.7	4.5	7.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	695	335	360	4,010	1,960	2,055
Without total income	60	25	30	220	100	120
With total income	640	305	335	3,790	1,855	1,930
Under $10,000 (including loss)	70	30	45	425	185	240
$10,000 to $19,999	70	35	35	450	195	255
$20,000 to $29,999	130	65	65	510	230	280
$30,000 to $39,999	80	35	50	410	150	265
$40,000 to $49,999	85	35	50	335	145	195
$50,000 to $59,999	65	30	40	265	115	145
$60,000 to $69,999	50	25	30	225	115	110
$70,000 to $79,999	40	20	15	180	95	85
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	5	175	105	65
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	5	140	85	60
$100,000 and over	15	10	5	670	440	225
$100,000 to $149,999	20	15	5	405	255	150
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	265	190	80
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	695	335	360	4,010	1,960	2,055
Without after-tax income	60	25	30	220	100	120
With after-tax income	640	305	335	3,790	1,855	1,930
Under $10,000 (including loss)	70	30	45	435	190	245
$10,000 to $19,999	65	35	35	460	200	260
$20,000 to $29,999	145	75	70	580	255	320
$30,000 to $39,999	100	40	60	460	170	285
$40,000 to $49,999	95	40	50	385	165	225
$50,000 to $59,999	80	40	45	320	160	155
$60,000 to $69,999	45	20	25	220	120	100
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	5	230	140	90
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	10	170	90	85
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	130	75	50
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	405	290	115
$100,000 to $124,999	5	5	0	185	130	50
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	220	160	65
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	695	335	360	4,010	1,960	2,055
Without employment income	245	100	145	1,045	430	615
With employment income	450	230	220	2,965	1,525	1,435
Under $5,000 (including loss)	60	20	35	385	180	205
$5,000 to $9,999	45	20	25	260	115	150
$10,000 to $19,999	60	30	30	330	145	190
$20,000 to $29,999	40	25	20	215	90	125
$30,000 to $39,999	40	20	25	210	90	120
$40,000 to $49,999	60	30	25	225	110	120
$50,000 to $59,999	45	20	20	170	80	90
$60,000 to $69,999	30	25	15	165	90	80
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	10	165	85	80
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	0	145	90	50
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	120	70	50
$100,000 and over	15	10	0	580	385	190
$100,000 to $124,999	10	10	0	235	135	100
$125,000 and over	5	0	0	345	250	95
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	695	330	365	4,015	1,960	2,050
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	620	300	325	3,655	1,785	1,875
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	39,600	31,600	42,800	53,600	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	620	300	325	3,655	1,785	1,875
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	34,800	29,800	38,800	47,600	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	505	255	250	3,365	1,680	1,685
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	42,000	26,000	43,200	56,000	34,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	455	230	225	2,940	1,485	1,455
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	44,800	30,400	46,000	60,800	36,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	550	255	300	3,065	1,465	1,605
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,640	1,220	9,400	1,010	890	1,880
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	55	25	30	215	90	125
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,000	5,520	8,800	6,750	5,480	8,200
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	700	345	360	4,160	2,040	2,130
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	615	285	325	3,865	1,890	1,975
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	46,800	32,600	57,750	69,300	46,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	615	285	325	3,865	1,890	1,975
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	39,600	29,800	47,600	55,600	39,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	480	255	225	3,595	1,785	1,805
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	47,200	30,800	58,000	70,400	45,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	425	235	195	3,075	1,560	1,515
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	50,000	32,400	60,050	71,300	48,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	550	260	290	3,255	1,560	1,695
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,080	5,080	12,700	4,640	3,368	5,805
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	60	40	15	245	105	145
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,200	5,800	7,000	7,600	7,000	8,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	700	340	360	4,160	2,035	2,125
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	175	100	75	1,430	860	570
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,800	64,500	55,200	78,000	81,000	64,500
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	58,400	65,000	50,000	86,800	95,200	74,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	115	65	50	1,185	520	665
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,200	28,000	31,200	26,000	26,600	23,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,000	46,000	27,000	41,500	48,600	35,900
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	79.0	90.0	65.0	93.2	96.0	89.4
Employment income (%)	74.5	86.0	59.0	82.6	84.8	79.6
Government transfers (%)	21.0	10.0	35.0	6.8	4.0	10.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.8	1.2	0.8	0.6	1.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	345	...	...	1,535	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	111,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	85	...	...	155	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,600	...	...	67,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	28,800	...	...	57,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	255	...	...	1,380	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	119,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	360	...	...	1,540	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	71,600	...	...	156,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	63,800	...	...	129,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	105	...	...	105	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,500	...	...	58,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	255	...	...	1,430	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	162,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	134,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	340	...	...	1,535	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	55	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	80	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	35	...	...	55	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	60	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	105	...	...
$100,000 and over	95	...	...	1,015	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	40	...	...	220	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	180	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	25	...	...	270	...	...
$200,000 and over	10	...	...	350	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	340	...	...	1,535	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	40	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	35	...	...	85	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	90	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	35	...	...	75	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	115	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...	105	...	...
$100,000 and over	70	...	...	885	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	245	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	185	...	...
$150,000 and over	10	...	...	450	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	245	...	...	1,360	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	135,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	45	...	...	240	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	110	...	...	970	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	155,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	132,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.2	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	80	...	...	115	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	50,400	...	...	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	49,200	...	...	78,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	125	80	40	250	135	120
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,000	29,400	28,000	54,000	60,000	47,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	27,400	27,000	28,000	47,200	50,800	42,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	245	...	...	1,410	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	160,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	132,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	250	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	95	...	...	990	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	186,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	152,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	90	...	...	135	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	55,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	52,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	160	105	55	235	120	110
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,000	46,000	27,000	66,000	84,000	47,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,500	39,500	25,000	52,400	63,000	40,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	935	465	475	5,280	2,595	2,685
0 to 17 years	285	145	140	1,520	755	760
0 to 5 years	90	55	40	355	180	175
18 to 64 years	560	265	290	3,300	1,630	1,670
65 years and over	90	50	45	465	210	250
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	210	110	105	340	180	160
0 to 17 years	85	45	40	110	60	55
0 to 5 years	30	15	15	40	20	20
18 to 64 years	100	50	60	185	100	85
65 years and over	20	10	10	45	20	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	22.6	23.2	22.0	6.4	6.8	6.0
0 to 17 years (%)	30.4	32.0	28.0	7.4	7.8	7.0
0 to 5 years (%)	30.0	32.0	28.0	11.6	13.0	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	18.4	17.5	19.0	5.6	6.0	5.2
65 years and over (%)	24.0	24.0	20.0	8.8	9.0	8.5
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	940	460	475	5,275	2,595	2,685
0 to 17 years	290	150	140	1,515	760	760
0 to 5 years	95	50	40	360	180	180
18 to 64 years	555	270	290	3,295	1,625	1,670
65 years and over	90	50	40	465	210	255
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	100	45	50	205	105	100
0 to 17 years	40	15	25	65	30	30
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	20	10	10
18 to 64 years	55	30	30	125	65	60
65 years and over	5	0	5	15	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.6	10.0	11.2	3.9	4.1	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	14.0	12.0	16.0	4.2	4.0	4.4
0 to 5 years (%)	12.0	12.0	16.0	5.0	6.0	5.0
18 to 64 years (%)	10.4	11.0	10.0	3.8	4.2	3.5
65 years and over (%)	4.0	x	x	3.6	4.0	4.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	935	465	475	5,280	2,595	2,685
In bottom half of the distribution	645	320	320	1,875	915	965
In bottom decile	180	85	90	265	135	130
In second decile	185	85	95	370	180	190
In third decile	100	45	55	340	160	180
In fourth decile	100	55	45	420	195	220
In fifth decile	85	45	40	475	240	240
In top half of the distribution	290	140	155	3,405	1,685	1,725
In sixth decile	135	60	70	540	265	275
In seventh decile	60	30	35	520	245	270
In eighth decile	35	15	20	640	310	325
In ninth decile	30	15	15	800	400	405
In top decile	25	15	15	910	460	455
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	940	...	...	5,275	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.290	...	...	0.319	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.490	...	...	0.400	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.261	...	...	0.280	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...	3.7	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	955	470	485	5,280	2,595	2,680
English only	890	445	450	4,760	2,380	2,380
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	40	20	25	205	85	120
Neither English nor French	15	5	15	310	125	185
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	955	470	485	5,280	2,595	2,680
English	925	460	470	4,905	2,445	2,465
French	10	5	5	35	20	15
English and French	5	5	0	30	10	20
Neither English nor French	15	5	15	305	125	185
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	955	470	485	5,280	2,595	2,680
Single responses	900	445	455	4,840	2,375	2,465
Official languages	620	315	305	2,265	1,140	1,125
English	610	310	300	2,240	1,125	1,115
French	10	5	10	25	15	5
Non-official languages	275	130	145	2,575	1,235	1,340
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	275	130	145	2,575	1,235	1,340
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	20	25	120	55	65
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	15	25	110	55	55
Amharic	5	5	5	10	5	10
Arabic	25	10	15	95	50	45
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	25	30	80	40	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	25	30	80	40	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	100	45	55	155	80	75
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	5
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	90	40	50	120	60	65
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	65	35	30
Kannada	0	0	0	15	10	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	15	5	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	30	30	800	385	415
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	45	20	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	45	20	25
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	15	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
German	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	20	10	590	295	295
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	520	260	260
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	35	10	25
Gujarati	0	0	0	40	15	25
Hindi	10	5	5	45	25	20
Kacchi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	20	10	15
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	210	105	100
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	10	5	155	80	70
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	75	40	35
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	20	10	10
Persian languages	5	0	5	55	30	25
Dari	0	0	0	40	20	20
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	15	155	65	85
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Spanish	20	10	15	105	45	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Korean	0	0	0	45	20	20
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	40	20	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	5
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	0	1,250	595	655
Chinese languages	5	5	0	1,250	595	655
Hakka	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	485	230	255
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	725	340	385
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	5	0	5
Lao	5	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	25	30	445	220	220
English and French	10	5	0	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	380	195	185
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	45	20	25
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	955	470	485	5,280	2,595	2,680
English	635	320	310	2,300	1,155	1,145
French	0	0	0	5	0	5
Non-official language	80	35	40	890	410	475
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	80	35	40	890	410	475
English and French	20	10	15	30	20	15
English and non-official language(s)	210	100	115	1,900	935	960
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	30	15	20
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	120	55	60
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	955	470	485	5,280	2,595	2,680
Single responses	885	440	445	4,760	2,335	2,425
Official languages	715	360	360	3,080	1,545	1,535
English	710	355	355	3,060	1,540	1,525
French	5	0	0	20	10	10
Non-official languages	170	80	90	1,680	785	890
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	165	80	85	1,680	785	890
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	75	35	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	15	70	35	35
Amharic	0	0	5	5	0	5
Arabic	25	10	10	65	35	30
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	20	45	20	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	15	20	45	20	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	25	35	80	40	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	30	30	75	40	40
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	15	10	485	225	260
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0	20	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	20	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	5	5	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	10	360	170	190
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	315	150	170
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	20	5	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hindi	5	5	0	30	15	15
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	15	5	10
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	125	60	65
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	90	45	50
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	5	0	40	20	25
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	5
Persian languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Dari	0	0	0	25	10	10
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	5	105	50	55
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	5	5	90	40	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Korean	0	0	0	40	20	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	905	425	485
Chinese languages	0	0	0	905	425	485
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	385	185	205
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	495	225	265
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	65	35	35	525	265	255
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	70	30	35	505	255	245
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	955	470	485	5,280	2,595	2,685
None	775	385	385	3,655	1,795	1,855
English	80	40	45	580	275	305
French	15	0	10	25	10	10
Non-official language	70	35	35	800	410	390
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	75	40	35	800	410	390
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	115	60	55
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	25	15	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	85	35	45
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	1,005	510	495	5,465	2,640	2,825
Official languages	995	500	490	5,160	2,525	2,635
English	995	500	490	5,160	2,525	2,635
French	25	25	0	180	70	110
Non-official languages	375	165	210	3,560	1,705	1,855
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	365	165	200	3,560	1,705	1,855
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	40	40	245	120	120
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	75	40	40	220	115	105
Amharic	0	0	0	20	0	15
Arabic	55	25	35	180	105	75
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	30	10	15
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	185	85	105
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	20	15	185	85	105
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	110	40	75	235	120	115
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	15	0	15	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	100	35	70	235	115	115
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	120	65	55
Kannada	0	0	0	55	25	35
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	30	20	10
Telugu	0	0	0	45	25	15
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	80	40	40	1,250	600	650
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	55	15	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	55	15	35
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Russian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	30	20	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
German	0	0	0	25	10	15
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	55	35	30	935	460	475
Indo-Aryan languages	50	30	20	880	430	450
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	75	25	45
Gujarati	0	0	0	80	40	40
Hindi	0	0	0	345	155	190
Kacchi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	385	200	190
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	15	15	300	165	135
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	0	10	60	30	30
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Dari	0	0	0	50	25	25
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	250	115	140
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	200	85	110
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Korean	0	0	0	50	20	25
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	15	170	80	90
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	30	10	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	0	105	55	45
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	0	15	30	10	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,425	665	755
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,425	665	755
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	755	350	400
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	40	20	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	820	390	430
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	0	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,005	505	495	5,465	2,640	2,825
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	35	15	25	45	25	20
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	20	0	15	40	25	20
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	0	10	10	10	0
Métis	0	0	0	30	15	10
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	965	490	475	5,420	2,610	2,810
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,005	505	495	5,465	2,640	2,825
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	10	0	10	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	990	505	485	5,465	2,640	2,825
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	360	...	...	1,540	...	...
Owner	225	...	...	1,300	...	...
Renter	130	...	...	235	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	360	...	...	1,540	...	...
Condominium	45	...	...	180	...	...
Not condominium	315	...	...	1,360	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	360	...	...	1,540	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	20	...	...	10	...	...
2 bedrooms	120	...	...	125	...	...
3 bedrooms	180	...	...	730	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	45	...	...	670	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	360	...	...	1,540	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	120	...	...	230	...	...
5 rooms	120	...	...	310	...	...
6 rooms	60	...	...	275	...	...
7 rooms	40	...	...	180	...	...
8 or more rooms	30	...	...	550	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.1	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	360	...	...	1,540	...	...
One person or fewer per room	330	...	...	1,480	...	...
More than one person per room	35	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	360	...	...	1,540	...	...
Suitable	315	...	...	1,450	...	...
Not suitable	50	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	360	...	...	1,540	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	80	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	100	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	150	...	...	20	...	...
2001 to 2005	20	...	...	140	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	590	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	755	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	360	...	...	1,540	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	325	...	...	1,525	...	...
Major repairs needed	40	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	360	...	...	1,540	...	...
One-maintainer household	235	...	...	555	...	...
Two-maintainer household	100	...	...	860	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	25	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	360	...	...	1,540	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	65	...	...	165	...	...
35 to 44 years	95	...	...	455	...	...
45 to 54 years	55	...	...	470	...	...
55 to 64 years	90	...	...	290	...	...
65 to 74 years	45	...	...	130	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	20	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	355	...	...	1,535	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	295	...	...	1,195	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	65	...	...	340	...	...
30% to less than 100%	60	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	360	...	...	1,540	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	135	...	...	425	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	55	...	...	325	...	...
Not suitable only	45	...	...	80	...	...
Major repairs needed only	30	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	225	...	...	1,110	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	355	...	...	1,490	...	...
In core need	80	...	...	100	...	...
Not in core need	270	...	...	1,385	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	230	...	...	1,305	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	71.7	...	...	76.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	17.8	...	...	21.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	18.2	...	...	5.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,330	...	...	2,200	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,260	...	...	2,200	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	312,000	...	...	580,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	272,000	...	...	606,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	135	...	...	235	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	70.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.8	...	...	23.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	25.9	...	...	17.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	580	...	...	1,800	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	800	...	...	1,800	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,000	505	495	5,460	2,640	2,825
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	45	20	25	10	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	40	20	20	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	30	10	20	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	10	0	10	50	30	20
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	10	0	10	50	30	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10	25	15	10
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	25	20	10
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	945	480	470	5,405	2,605	2,800
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,000	505	500	5,465	2,640	2,825
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	835	450	390	4,825	2,360	2,470
Canadian citizens aged under 18	320	190	135	1,475	680	790
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	515	255	255	3,355	1,675	1,680
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	165	60	105	635	285	355
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,000	505	500	5,465	2,640	2,825
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	650	350	295	2,580	1,270	1,310
Immigrants⁸¹	335	145	190	2,860	1,350	1,510
Before 1980	35	15	20	120	60	60
1980 to 1990	15	15	0	390	205	190
1991 to 2000	50	30	20	505	225	275
2001 to 2010	140	60	80	965	470	495
2011 to 2021⁸²	100	30	70	875	390	485
2011 to 2015	45	10	35	565	235	330
2016 to 2021	50	20	30	315	155	155
Non-permanent residents⁸³	20	10	0	25	20	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	335	145	190	2,860	1,350	1,510
Under 5 years	30	10	25	190	85	105
5 to 14 years	70	35	30	470	280	195
15 to 24 years	85	40	45	455	165	290
25 to 44 years	135	50	80	1,480	700	775
45 years and over	20	15	10	265	120	145
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	335	145	190	2,860	1,350	1,510
Americas	25	10	15	205	90	115
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	50	25	25
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	20	10	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	20	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	15	0	10	40	10	30
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	65	30	30
Europe	15	0	10	90	50	40
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	15	10	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	20	10	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	15	10	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	10	10	0
Africa	75	25	45	370	185	190
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	55	25	25
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	20	0	10	20	10	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	175	80	95
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	10	30	105	60	40
Asia	220	100	120	2,185	1,025	1,165
Afghanistan	0	0	0	35	20	20
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	710	315	395
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	170	75	95
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	30	20	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	90	30	55	230	110	120
Viet Nam	50	30	25	225	105	115
Bangladesh	0	0	0	40	15	20
India	10	0	0	415	195	225
Pakistan	25	10	15	195	105	95
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	15	95	35	55
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	50	20	35	310	155	155
Americas	0	0	0	20	0	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	15	0	15
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	50	35	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	45	25	20
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	50	15	30	230	115	115
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	120	55	65
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	40	20	15
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	25	10	15	25	15	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	1,005	510	495	5,465	2,640	2,825
First generation¹⁰⁰	370	165	195	2,940	1,385	1,555
Second generation¹⁰¹	310	160	155	1,625	840	785
Third generation or more¹⁰²	320	180	145	900	415	490
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	300	130	175	2,735	1,290	1,450
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	90	40	50	1,665	830	835
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	20	0	15	670	440	225
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	70	30	35	995	390	610
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	115	40	75	795	295	500
Refugees¹⁰⁸	85	50	40	255	150	105
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	0	10	20	10	10
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	300	130	175	2,735	1,290	1,450
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	0	0	105	60	45
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	30	10	20	220	90	130
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	75	40	40
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	0	10	195	110	85
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	10	0	10
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	245	115	130	2,130	995	1,135
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	1,005	510	495	5,465	2,640	2,825
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	615	310	310	4,310	2,075	2,230
South Asian	55	35	30	1,115	530	580
Chinese	0	0	0	1,625	780	850
Black	220	125	95	475	220	255
Filipino	120	45	75	280	145	135
Arab	50	20	35	155	80	75
Latin American	0	0	0	135	60	75
Southeast Asian	95	50	40	230	110	120
West Asian	0	0	0	45	30	20
Korean	0	0	0	45	25	20
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	35	20	25	195	100	95
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	390	200	185	1,155	560	595
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	1,000	510	495	5,465	2,640	2,825
Canadian	115	55	60	265	140	115
English	65	25	40	365	160	200
Irish	65	45	20	215	95	120
Scottish	40	30	10	310	140	165
French, n.o.s.¹²²	20	15	10	80	35	45
German	75	40	40	265	140	125
Chinese	0	0	0	1,670	790	875
Italian	10	0	10	180	80	95
Indian (India)	20	10	10	580	250	330
Ukrainian	25	10	15	100	55	45
Dutch	10	10	0	45	30	15
Polish	25	15	10	50	30	25
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	15	15	0	65	35	30
Filipino	140	55	85	225	120	110
French Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	95	40	55	25	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	25	10	15	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	35	25	15
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	15	10	0	50	20	30
Russian	15	0	10	20	10	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	45	20	30
Welsh	0	0	0	35	0	30
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	0	15
American	0	0	0	10	0	10
Spanish	15	0	10	45	25	20
Swedish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	250	150	100
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	115	60	50	75	50	25
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	105	50	55
Vietnamese	85	50	40	215	100	115
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	50	30	25	40	15	20
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	15	0	10
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	140	65	80
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	50	25	25
Romanian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Lebanese	0	0	0	35	20	20
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	60	25	40
Danish	0	0	0	20	10	10
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	100	40	55
Austrian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	85	35	45
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	35	20	10
Finnish	0	0	0	35	20	15
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	30	15	20
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	75	35	45
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	30	20	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Afghan	10	0	10	70	35	35
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	40	20	20
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	80	30	45
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	45	20	30
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	150	70	80
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	25	15	15
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	70	35	35
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	30	10	20
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	35	20	15	60	30	25
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	1,005	505	495	5,465	2,640	2,825
Buddhist	0	0	0	245	110	135
Christian	365	165	205	2,030	950	1,090
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	75	35	40	450	215	235
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	25	15	10	40	20	25
Baptist	20	10	15	15	10	10
Catholic	200	85	110	1,005	480	530
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	135	40	95
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	10	10	10
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	30	15	10
Lutheran	0	0	0	20	10	20
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	175	85	95
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	35	20	15
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	20	10	10	110	50	60
Hindu	15	10	10	360	155	200
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	190	105	75	605	305	295
Sikh	0	0	0	340	165	175
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	15	15	0
No religion and secular perspectives	395	200	195	1,870	945	925
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,000	505	500	5,410	2,615	2,795
Non-movers	950	485	465	5,045	2,440	2,610
Movers	55	20	35	360	175	190
Non-migrants	50	20	25	240	120	115
Migrants	0	0	0	125	55	70
Internal migrants	0	0	0	65	30	35
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	15	10	10
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	45	25	25
External migrants	0	0	0	60	25	35
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	920	465	455	5,125	2,475	2,650
Non-movers	710	370	340	3,785	1,835	1,950
Movers	210	95	115	1,340	645	700
Non-migrants	130	60	70	820	405	420
Migrants	85	35	45	525	240	285
Internal migrants	30	15	15	260	120	140
Intraprovincial migrants	10	0	10	145	70	75
Interprovincial migrants	20	15	10	115	50	60
External migrants	50	15	30	260	115	145
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	700	340	360	4,160	2,040	2,130
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	255	125	135	610	280	335
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	445	215	225	3,555	1,760	1,795
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	515	255	260	2,980	1,445	1,535
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	175	80	95	230	105	125
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	345	180	165	2,745	1,340	1,405
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	700	345	360	4,165	2,035	2,130
No certificate, diploma or degree	235	115	115	545	240	305
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	200	120	80	955	480	475
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	270	105	165	2,665	1,315	1,350
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	185	60	125	805	405	400
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	60	40	15	120	80	40
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	10	10	30	10	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	35	35	0	90	65	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	105	20	90	510	255	255
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	0	15	175	70	105
Bachelor's degree or higher	80	45	40	1,855	910	950
Bachelor's degree	60	35	30	1,285	600	685
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	15	0	105	50	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	40	15	25
Master's degree	10	0	10	385	210	170
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	40	35	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	520	260	255	2,975	1,440	1,535
No certificate, diploma or degree	155	75	80	190	80	110
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	145	95	50	465	235	230
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	215	85	125	2,320	1,120	1,200
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	140	50	90	680	330	345
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	40	30	10	95	60	30
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	10	10	0	20	10	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	25	20	0	75	55	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	85	15	70	430	215	220
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	0	10	150	50	95
Bachelor's degree or higher	75	35	40	1,645	790	855
Bachelor's degree	55	30	25	1,115	510	605
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	10	0	85	30	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	30	10	20
Master's degree	10	0	10	375	205	170
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	40	35	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	700	340	360	4,165	2,035	2,125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	430	230	195	1,500	725	775
Education	10	0	0	160	35	125
13. Education	10	0	0	160	35	125
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	50	20	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	45	15	30
Humanities	10	0	10	130	35	95
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	25	0	25
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	20	10	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	55	15	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	15	10	0
54. History	0	0	0	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	15	0	10	230	85	150
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	40	0	30
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	25	10	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	35	10	20
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	130	50	75
Business, management and public administration	45	10	40	660	330	330
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	30	20	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	40	0	35	625	310	320
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	10	155	75	85
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	65	30	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	40	25	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	45	20	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	15	10	200	125	75
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	15	10	165	105	60
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	30	15	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	60	55	0	630	490	145
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	40	40	0
14. Engineering	15	15	0	390	270	115
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	95	75	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	20	0	35	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	20	0	50	50	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	35	25	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	25	25	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	15	0	15
Health and related fields	60	0	60	325	65	255
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	35	15	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	60	0	60	285	55	230
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	30	15	15	80	30	50
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10	55	10	45
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	15	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	515	255	260	2,980	1,445	1,535
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	305	175	130	655	320	335
Education	10	0	0	140	25	115
13. Education	10	0	0	140	25	115
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	35	15	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	30	10	15
Humanities	10	0	10	125	35	95
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	30	0	30
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	15	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	50	15	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	15	10	0
54. History	0	0	0	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	10	215	75	135
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	30	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	20	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	25	10	20
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	125	50	80
Business, management and public administration	40	10	30	580	285	295
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	25	15	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	30	10	25	550	270	280
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	0	135	65	70
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	50	30	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	35	20	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	40	15	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	15	0	195	120	80
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0	160	100	60
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	35	15	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	40	40	0	530	410	125
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	25	25	0
14. Engineering	15	15	0	335	235	105
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	80	65	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	35	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	40	40	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	25	15	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	15	15	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	15	0	10
Health and related fields	50	0	50	275	50	220
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	25	0	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	50	0	50	245	50	195
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	15	10	70	30	35
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	50	10	35
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	15	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	515	255	260	2,980	1,445	1,535
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	305	175	130	655	320	335
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	215	85	130	2,325	1,120	1,205
Location of study inside Canada	150	60	95	1,360	695	665
Same as province or territory of residence	130	50	80	1,080	550	525
Different than province or territory of residence	20	15	10	285	145	145
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	60	25	35	960	425	535
Americas	0	0	0	105	45	55
United States of America	0	0	0	50	20	35
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	15	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	25	10	15
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	65	40	25
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	30	20	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	10	10	0
Africa	0	0	0	125	55	70
Nigeria	0	0	0	65	30	40
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	25	10	15
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	25	15	10
Asia	50	20	30	660	280	380
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	20	10	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	180	65	115
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	10	0	10
Philippines	40	20	20	120	55	60
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	220	95	125
Pakistan	0	0	0	70	35	40
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	700	345	360	4,165	2,035	2,130
In the labour force	400	210	185	2,965	1,565	1,400
Employed	330	180	150	2,555	1,410	1,145
Unemployed	70	30	40	410	155	255
Not in the labour force	300	125	175	1,200	470	730
Participation rate	57.1	60.9	51.4	71.2	76.9	65.7
Employment rate	47.1	52.2	41.7	61.3	69.3	53.8
Unemployment rate	17.5	14.3	21.6	13.8	9.9	18.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	700	340	360	4,165	2,035	2,125
Did not work¹⁸⁶	365	160	200	1,315	520	800
Worked	340	180	160	2,845	1,520	1,325
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	195	105	85	1,520	920	600
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	145	75	75	1,330	600	725
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.8	41.8	35.2	40.5	41.9	38.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	400	215	185	2,965	1,565	1,395
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	15	15	95	35	55
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	370	195	170	2,875	1,530	1,345
Employee	320	175	150	2,400	1,225	1,180
Permanent position	250	135	110	1,920	995	925
Temporary position	75	35	40	480	225	250
Fixed term (1 year or more)	10	10	0	160	70	85
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	65	30	40	320	160	165
Self-employed¹⁹²	45	25	25	475	300	170
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	400	215	185	2,965	1,565	1,395
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	15	15	95	35	55
All occupations¹⁹¹	370	195	170	2,875	1,530	1,345
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	20	15	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	70	20	50	580	250	335
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	20	10	10	465	360	105
3 Health occupations	15	0	15	230	50	180
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	25	0	20	270	80	190
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	60	30	30
6 Sales and service occupations	110	35	80	780	360	425
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	85	85	0	355	300	55
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	35	25	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	45	45	0	70	60	10
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	400	215	185	2,965	1,565	1,395
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	15	15	95	35	55
All industries¹⁹¹	370	195	170	2,875	1,530	1,345
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	10	10	165	95	70
22 Utilities	0	0	0	35	30	0
23 Construction	35	30	0	205	175	35
31-33 Manufacturing	45	35	10	105	80	25
41 Wholesale trade	20	10	10	90	75	15
44-45 Retail trade	70	40	30	390	180	210
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	25	25	0	205	145	60
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	85	55	30
52 Finance and insurance	10	0	10	165	65	100
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	80	55	25
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10	0	0	330	190	130
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	20	10	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	30	15	15	60	35	15
61 Educational services	25	0	15	170	55	120
62 Health care and social assistance	30	0	30	350	80	275
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	50	25	25
72 Accommodation and food services	20	0	15	200	85	115
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	0	10	75	35	40
91 Public administration	0	0	0	85	50	35
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	415	210	200	3,060	1,635	1,425
English	390	200	185	2,750	1,470	1,270
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	75	35	40
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	75	35	40
English and French	0	0	0	20	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	215	115	95
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	415	210	200	3,060	1,635	1,425
Single responses	415	210	200	3,015	1,615	1,400
Official languages	410	210	195	2,920	1,570	1,355
English	410	210	195	2,915	1,570	1,350
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	95	45	50
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	95	45	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Chinese languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	40	20	20
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	40	20	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	415	210	200	3,060	1,635	1,425
None	390	200	185	2,860	1,525	1,340
English	0	0	0	20	10	10
French	0	0	0	15	10	0
Non-official language	10	0	0	120	80	45
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	120	80	45
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	35	10	25
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	330	180	150	2,555	1,415	1,145
Worked at home	40	0	40	845	475	370
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	65	55	15	315	230	85
Usual place of work	215	120	95	1,385	700	685
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	215	120	95	1,390	700	685
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	205	115	95	1,260	625	630
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	10	0	100	50	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	25	25	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	285	180	105	1,705	925	775
Car, truck or van	245	170	75	1,545	845	695
Car, truck or van - as a driver	225	165	65	1,440	810	630
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	20	10	15	105	35	70
Public transit	25	0	25	100	45	55
Walked	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bicycle	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	35	25	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	285	180	105	1,705	925	775
Less than 15 minutes	70	50	20	295	140	155
15 to 29 minutes	115	70	45	785	415	375
30 to 44 minutes	65	40	25	405	240	165
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	130	70	60
60 minutes and over	25	20	10	85	60	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	285	180	105	1,705	925	775
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	15	15	0	105	100	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	55	45	15	205	115	85
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	55	40	15	355	160	195
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	50	25	25	365	235	130
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	50	20	30	345	160	190
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	50	30	20	320	155	165
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	290	150	140	1,545	775	770
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	10	10	85	45	40
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	275	140	130	1,460	730	730
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	210	105	105	1,230	610	620
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	10	5	70	35	35
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0	25	10	15
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	5	45	25	20
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	190	100	100	1,160	575	585

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 28, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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