Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48061042More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062519More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48061117More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	447	...	...	13,230	...	...	525	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	158	...	...	3,757	...	...	171	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	152	...	...	3,573	...	...	157	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5,484.7	...	...	1,247.7	...	...	5,009.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.08	...	...	10.60	...	...	0.10	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	445	215	235	13,230	6,475	6,755	525	270	255
0 to 14 years	85	40	50	3,330	1,680	1,650	95	40	50
0 to 4 years	30	15	15	1,450	730	720	25	10	15
5 to 9 years	30	15	10	1,065	550	510	35	20	20
10 to 14 years	35	10	20	815	395	415	35	15	15
15 to 64 years	315	150	165	8,920	4,405	4,515	360	190	170
15 to 19 years	25	15	10	660	320	340	45	25	20
20 to 24 years	35	15	25	755	380	375	45	25	20
25 to 29 years	30	10	25	1,155	510	640	30	15	15
30 to 34 years	35	25	10	1,800	885	910	40	20	20
35 to 39 years	35	15	20	1,480	740	740	20	10	10
40 to 44 years	35	15	20	1,105	555	550	45	25	20
45 to 49 years	25	15	15	725	390	335	30	15	15
50 to 54 years	30	15	15	475	250	225	45	20	25
55 to 59 years	25	10	15	380	195	190	30	20	10
60 to 64 years	35	15	15	390	185	205	35	20	15
65 years and over	45	20	25	975	385	595	70	40	35
65 to 69 years	25	15	10	340	160	180	30	15	20
70 to 74 years	10	0	10	170	80	95	25	15	5
75 to 79 years	5	5	5	155	75	85	10	5	5
80 to 84 years	0	0	0	90	35	50	5	0	5
85 years and over	5	0	0	220	35	190	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	5	0	0	115	20	95	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	90	10	80	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.1	18.6	21.3	25.2	25.9	24.4	18.1	14.8	19.6
15 to 64 years	70.8	69.8	70.2	67.4	68.0	66.8	68.6	70.4	66.7
65 years and over	10.1	9.3	10.6	7.4	5.9	8.8	13.3	14.8	13.7
85 years and over	1.1	0.0	0.0	1.7	0.5	2.8	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	36.6	36.6	36.6	31.9	31.1	32.7	38.1	38.6	37.6
Median age of the population	36.0	35.2	36.0	32.0	32.0	32.0	38.4	38.4	38.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	150	...	...	3,575	...	...	160	...	...
Single-detached house	5	...	...	1,950	...	...	135	...	...
Semi-detached house	140	...	...	545	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	590	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	195	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5	...	...	290	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	155	...	...	3,570	...	...	155	...	...
1 person	30	...	...	350	...	...	25	...	...
2 persons	50	...	...	645	...	...	30	...	...
3 persons	20	...	...	775	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	925	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	880	...	...	40	...	...
Number of persons in private households	445	210	235	12,770	6,315	6,455	525	270	255
Average household size	2.9	...	...	3.6	...	...	3.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	355	170	185	9,900	4,795	5,105	430	225	205
Married or living common-law	195	95	100	6,590	3,285	3,300	235	120	115
Married	170	80	85	6,205	3,095	3,105	225	115	115
Living common-law	30	15	15	385	190	200	15	5	5
Living common law - Never married	30	15	15	310	145	160	5	5	5
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	0	0	0	45	25	25	10	5	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	165	75	90	3,310	1,505	1,800	195	105	85
Not married and not living common law - Never married	120	60	60	2,365	1,270	1,095	150	90	60
Not married and not living common law - Separated	10	10	5	160	50	115	10	5	0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	25	5	20	320	125	195	25	10	20
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	5	0	5	470	70	400	10	5	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	120	...	...	3,495	...	...	135	...	...
2 persons	50	...	...	1,040	...	...	45	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	1,005	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	1,030	...	...	35	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	420	...	...	25	...	...
Average size of census families	3.2	...	...	3.3	...	...	3.4	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.0	...	...	1.8	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	120	...	...	3,495	...	...	135	...	...
Total couple families	95	...	...	3,135	...	...	115	...	...
Married couples	80	...	...	2,940	...	...	105	...	...
With children⁶	50	...	...	2,215	...	...	75	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	730	...	...	30	...	...
Common-law couples	15	...	...	195	...	...	10	...	...
With children⁶	5	...	...	95	...	...	0	...	...
Without children	10	...	...	95	...	...	5	...	...
Total one-parent families	25	...	...	360	...	...	20	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	20	...	...	305	...	...	10	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	55	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	445	210	235	12,765	6,315	6,455	525	270	255
Total - Persons in census families	380	175	200	11,460	5,640	5,815	450	235	220
Married spouses or common-law partners	190	95	95	6,270	3,125	3,150	230	115	115
Parents in one-parent families	20	5	15	360	50	305	15	5	15
Children⁶	160	75	85	4,825	2,470	2,355	210	110	95
In a two-parent family	130	60	65	4,250	2,170	2,075	165	85	80
In a one-parent family	30	15	15	580	300	280	40	20	15
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	70	35	35	1,310	670	635	70	35	35
Living alone	30	15	15	355	180	175	25	10	10
Living with other relatives⁷	20	10	15	585	280	300	20	10	10
Living with non-relatives only	15	15	5	375	210	165	25	15	10
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	155	...	...	3,570	...	...	155	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	90	...	...	2,275	...	...	95	...	...
Couple-family households	75	...	...	2,075	...	...	85	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...	1,640	...	...	65	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	435	...	...	25	...	...
One-parent-family households	15	...	...	200	...	...	10	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...	435	...	...	15	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	95	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	15	...	...	280	...	...	10	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	5	...	...	135	...	...	10	...	...
One-person households	35	...	...	350	...	...	25	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	360	170	190	9,440	4,630	4,805	430	225	205
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	340	155	180	8,870	4,380	4,490	395	215	190
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	41,200	30,000	41,600	47,600	36,800	34,000	38,000	30,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	340	155	180	8,870	4,380	4,490	395	215	190
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	38,800	28,600	37,600	42,000	34,000	31,200	34,800	28,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	275	135	140	7,940	4,110	3,830	335	190	145
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,200	38,400	22,600	37,600	45,200	30,000	23,600	28,400	20,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	240	125	115	7,395	3,785	3,610	285	160	120
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	41,200	24,800	36,400	44,000	30,800	23,600	29,200	18,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	315	140	170	8,095	3,910	4,185	375	200	170
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,100	8,400	12,600	6,200	2,980	9,100	12,600	10,700	14,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	50	25	25	1,360	520	845	65	40	25
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,120	5,480	6,000	5,480	6,280	5,480	5,480	5,880
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	140	70	70	3,765	1,770	1,995	185	100	85
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	8,000	8,500	8,000	8,000	8,600	8,000	8,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	430	205	225	9,475	4,630	4,850	480	250	225
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	395	180	220	8,900	4,365	4,535	440	245	195
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,000	42,400	32,800	46,240	52,800	39,920	36,400	38,800	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	395	180	220	8,905	4,365	4,540	440	245	195
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	38,000	29,800	40,240	45,120	35,560	33,000	34,800	30,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	325	165	160	8,005	4,105	3,905	350	200	155
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,500	34,400	28,400	41,680	49,440	33,560	27,800	30,600	24,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	290	155	130	7,475	3,790	3,680	315	175	135
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	34,500	32,000	41,280	48,440	33,960	27,600	31,000	23,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	385	175	210	8,150	3,925	4,230	420	230	190
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,480	10,500	12,300	9,570	7,120	11,840	14,750	14,900	14,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	60	35	25	1,500	545	960	45	20	20
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,600	6,000	7,600	8,000	6,640	8,760	7,400	7,600	7,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	170	95	65	3,850	1,730	2,120	210	110	100
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,100	8,600	9,600	9,220	8,910	9,470	11,200	12,600	9,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	430	205	225	9,480	4,630	4,850	475	250	225
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	85	50	35	3,190	1,900	1,290	110	65	45
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,400	58,400	54,400	56,400	61,600	48,800	49,200	56,000	46,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,000	58,000	72,000	60,450	65,200	53,350	49,000	58,000	35,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	155	80	75	3,285	1,430	1,855	145	90	60
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,000	30,600	18,600	21,000	24,800	17,600	10,300	10,300	10,300
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,800	27,000	18,500	28,040	31,600	25,260	16,800	15,000	19,500
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	70.0	76.0	64.0	81.0	87.8	72.4	61.2	64.0	58.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	65.0	70.0	60.0	75.0	79.6	69.0	54.0	58.0	50.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	30.0	24.0	36.5	18.9	12.1	27.7	38.8	36.5	42.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.8	2.8	2.8	2.9	1.6	4.6	2.2	1.8	2.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	11.6	12.0	11.4	9.4	7.2	12.3	16.2	16.0	16.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	10.4	11.2	9.5	8.6	6.7	11.1	14.6	14.4	14.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	355	170	185	9,435	4,630	4,805	430	225	205
Without total income	25	15	10	570	255	315	35	15	15
With total income	335	160	180	8,865	4,375	4,490	400	210	185
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	15	20	825	310	515	45	20	30
$10,000 to $19,999	40	20	20	840	355	480	55	20	35
$20,000 to $29,999	60	20	45	1,260	570	695	80	45	35
$30,000 to $39,999	55	25	25	1,305	510	800	60	35	25
$40,000 to $49,999	45	25	20	1,215	610	605	45	25	25
$50,000 to $59,999	35	15	15	980	505	475	30	10	20
$60,000 to $69,999	25	20	10	780	430	350	25	20	5
$70,000 to $79,999	15	5	10	560	340	220	20	15	10
$80,000 to $89,999	15	15	5	370	240	125	15	10	0
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	255	165	90	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	10	5	5	480	345	135	15	15	0
$100,000 to $149,999	10	5	5	380	265	120	15	15	0
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	95	80	10	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	355	170	185	9,435	4,630	4,805	430	225	205
Without after-tax income	25	15	10	565	255	315	35	15	15
With after-tax income	335	160	180	8,865	4,375	4,495	400	210	185
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	15	20	830	315	520	45	20	30
$10,000 to $19,999	40	20	20	870	370	500	60	20	35
$20,000 to $29,999	75	20	55	1,475	650	820	85	50	40
$30,000 to $39,999	55	30	30	1,585	690	900	70	35	30
$40,000 to $49,999	55	30	20	1,420	725	695	45	20	25
$50,000 to $59,999	35	25	15	1,065	590	480	40	25	20
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	10	700	425	275	25	15	5
$70,000 to $79,999	10	5	5	395	245	150	10	10	0
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	0	225	155	70	10	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	105	65	40	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	200	155	45	5	0	0
$100,000 to $124,999	0	0	0	130	90	35	0	0	0
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	70	60	10	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	355	170	185	9,435	4,630	4,805	430	225	205
Without employment income	115	45	75	2,040	845	1,200	150	65	85
With employment income	245	125	115	7,400	3,790	3,610	280	160	120
Under $5,000 (including loss)	25	5	20	705	295	410	50	30	20
$5,000 to $9,999	15	10	10	675	275	405	30	10	20
$10,000 to $19,999	40	20	20	910	395	510	45	20	20
$20,000 to $29,999	30	10	20	850	415	435	35	20	15
$30,000 to $39,999	25	15	10	825	375	450	30	15	15
$40,000 to $49,999	40	25	10	805	400	405	15	10	5
$50,000 to $59,999	15	10	10	715	380	330	20	5	15
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	10	585	335	250	15	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	10	5	0	425	285	145	15	15	0
$80,000 to $89,999	5	5	0	295	195	100	10	10	0
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	195	135	60	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	10	5	5	405	300	105	10	10	0
$100,000 to $124,999	5	5	0	240	165	80	5	5	0
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	160	130	25	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	360	170	190	9,440	4,630	4,805	430	225	205
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	330	155	175	8,655	4,285	4,370	385	200	185
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	41,600	28,400	39,200	46,400	33,600	32,400	36,400	27,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	330	155	175	8,660	4,285	4,375	385	200	185
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	38,400	26,400	36,000	41,200	31,400	30,600	33,200	25,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	280	135	145	7,795	4,025	3,770	325	170	150
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	41,200	28,800	39,600	47,200	32,400	31,000	36,400	24,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	245	125	120	7,370	3,775	3,595	270	150	120
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	44,400	31,000	38,000	44,800	32,400	33,200	36,400	25,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	300	140	160	7,755	3,775	3,980	335	175	165
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	2,480	1,780	5,680	1,050	900	3,520	4,320	1,980	7,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	40	25	15	885	295	595	45	25	20
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,600	4,800	x	6,800	4,760	8,000	6,550	6,550	6,600
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	430	205	225	9,475	4,630	4,850	480	250	225
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	390	180	215	8,665	4,285	4,380	440	235	200
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,200	41,600	31,800	43,440	50,400	36,640	30,500	32,000	28,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	390	180	215	8,665	4,285	4,380	440	235	200
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	37,200	29,000	37,840	43,000	32,760	27,300	28,600	25,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	340	170	170	7,870	4,040	3,825	320	160	155
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	38,800	30,800	43,360	51,250	35,040	31,400	35,600	26,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	310	165	150	7,450	3,820	3,635	260	145	120
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	38,000	32,500	42,680	49,600	35,400	34,400	36,500	32,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	365	170	195	7,775	3,785	3,995	395	215	185
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,000	5,320	8,500	4,520	2,324	6,600	8,600	8,700	8,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	50	35	15	1,000	305	695	35	20	20
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,400	5,600	8,000	8,800	6,080	10,020	13,000	16,000	8,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	430	205	225	9,480	4,630	4,850	475	250	225
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	85	50	35	3,155	1,880	1,275	110	65	45
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	59,600	58,400	59,600	50,400	55,200	42,800	44,400	50,800	44,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,000	56,000	68,000	56,200	61,750	48,000	52,000	58,000	44,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	140	70	70	3,035	1,330	1,700	90	50	40
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,000	34,000	21,000	30,200	34,400	26,800	16,800	11,700	32,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,000	37,000	23,000	35,240	40,960	30,760	22,400	17,500	29,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	82.0	88.0	76.0	90.6	96.0	83.6	75.0	76.0	74.0
Employment income (%)	77.0	82.0	70.0	84.6	87.8	80.2	67.0	68.0	66.0
Government transfers (%)	17.8	12.0	24.0	9.3	4.1	16.4	25.4	24.0	26.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	2.4	2.0	2.3	0.9	4.3	3.6	4.5	2.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	155	...	...	3,570	...	...	155	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	107,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	35	...	...	350	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	54,000	...	...	53,600	...	...	41,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,400	...	...	46,400	...	...	36,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	125	...	...	3,220	...	...	130	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	98,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	175	...	...	3,585	...	...	170	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	114,900	...	...	94,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	350	...	...	20	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	65,600	...	...	52,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,000	...	...	54,600	...	...	44,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	145	...	...	3,230	...	...	145	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	120,300	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	155	...	...	3,570	...	...	160	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	25	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	50	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...	60	...	...	0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	60	...	...	0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	80	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	145	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	220	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	250	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	315	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	0	...	...	315	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	55	...	...	1,985	...	...	75	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	700	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	515	...	...	25	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	10	...	...	515	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	265	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	155	...	...	3,570	...	...	160	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	25	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	35	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	65	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	65	...	...	0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	85	...	...	0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	90	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	200	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	290	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	355	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5	...	...	400	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	350	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	40	...	...	1,580	...	...	60	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	700	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	420	...	...	25	...	...
$150,000 and over	10	...	...	460	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	115	...	...	3,155	...	...	125	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	96,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.4	...	...	3.8	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	470	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	101,000	...	...	79,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	87,000	...	...	69,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	2,270	...	...	75	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.5	...	...	4.3	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	275	...	...	15	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	77,000	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	70,500	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	45	25	20	725	385	335	50	30	20
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,000	41,200	42,000	46,400	46,400	46,800	36,400	46,400	22,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	39,200	38,000	41,200	41,200	41,600	33,200	38,400	22,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	145	...	...	3,135	...	...	140	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	117,900	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	103,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	385	...	...	20	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	103,200	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	88,400	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	2,395	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	123,600	...	...	108,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	108,100	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	260	...	...	20	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	75,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	50	30	20	770	355	415	45	30	0
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,000	40,000	24,000	55,100	55,800	54,400	38,000	32,000	x
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,000	36,000	24,000	46,300	46,600	46,000	34,000	30,000	x
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	445	215	235	12,770	6,310	6,455	525	270	255
0 to 17 years	100	50	55	3,725	1,870	1,850	120	55	65
0 to 5 years	35	15	20	1,690	860	830	30	15	20
18 to 64 years	295	140	155	8,435	4,150	4,285	335	175	155
65 years and over	45	20	25	610	295	315	70	40	35
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	60	25	30	675	320	350	70	30	30
0 to 17 years	20	15	15	270	135	135	20	15	10
0 to 5 years	10	0	5	130	75	60	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	30	15	15	375	175	200	40	15	25
65 years and over	5	5	0	20	10	10	10	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.8	13.0	13.0	5.3	5.1	5.4	12.8	13.0	13.0
0 to 17 years (%)	22.0	24.0	20.0	7.4	7.2	7.5	18.0	28.0	12.0
0 to 5 years (%)	25.0	25.0	x	7.9	8.8	7.2	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	10.0	9.0	10.0	4.5	4.2	4.7	12.0	9.0	15.0
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	3.8	4.5	3.2	10.0	10.0	x
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	445	210	235	12,765	6,315	6,455	525	270	255
0 to 17 years	105	50	50	3,725	1,875	1,855	120	60	60
0 to 5 years	35	15	20	1,690	860	830	35	15	20
18 to 64 years	300	145	160	8,430	4,145	4,290	335	180	160
65 years and over	45	20	25	610	295	315	70	35	30
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	30	10	15	375	185	190	40	20	20
0 to 17 years	5	0	0	130	65	60	10	10	5
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	60	30	25	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	20	10	10	240	115	125	25	10	15
65 years and over	0	0	0	10	0	5	5	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.4	7.0	6.0	3.0	2.9	2.9	7.6	7.0	8.0
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	8.0	x	3.4	3.5	3.3	8.0	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	3.4	4.0	2.8	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	7.2	7.0	8.0	2.9	2.8	2.9	8.0	6.0	10.0
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	1.2	x	1.6	6.0	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	445	215	235	12,770	6,310	6,455	525	270	255
In bottom half of the distribution	285	145	135	6,730	3,280	3,450	310	155	155
In bottom decile	50	25	25	610	295	315	65	30	35
In second decile	55	25	30	1,035	505	535	65	30	35
In third decile	70	35	35	1,395	675	725	65	30	30
In fourth decile	65	40	25	1,685	835	850	65	35	30
In fifth decile	40	20	25	2,005	975	1,030	50	30	20
In top half of the distribution	165	65	100	6,040	3,035	3,005	215	115	100
In sixth decile	55	15	35	1,615	795	815	60	30	30
In seventh decile	45	20	25	1,625	820	805	60	30	25
In eighth decile	40	15	20	1,445	715	730	40	20	20
In ninth decile	15	10	10	945	490	460	30	15	20
In top decile	0	0	0	410	220	195	25	20	10
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	445	...	...	12,765	...	...	525	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.258	...	...	0.230	...	...	0.278	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.388	...	...	0.321	...	...	0.428	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.235	...	...	0.208	...	...	0.255	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	2.6	...	...	3.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	445	210	235	12,965	6,375	6,590	525	270	255
English only	415	200	220	11,615	5,820	5,800	495	260	235
French only	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
English and French	15	10	5	435	190	240	15	10	10
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	900	355	540	20	5	15
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	445	210	235	12,965	6,375	6,590	525	270	255
English	425	205	225	11,870	5,915	5,955	500	260	235
French	0	0	0	120	55	65	10	5	5
English and French	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	875	350	530	20	5	15
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	445	210	235	12,965	6,375	6,590	525	270	255
Single responses	420	205	215	11,530	5,660	5,870	495	250	240
Official languages	230	115	115	3,625	1,795	1,825	310	160	155
English	225	115	115	3,510	1,745	1,765	300	150	150
French	0	0	0	110	50	65	10	5	5
Non-official languages	190	85	105	7,905	3,865	4,045	180	95	80
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	190	85	105	7,905	3,865	4,040	180	95	80
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	15	20	210	95	110	60	35	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	35	15	25	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	15	20	165	80	90	60	35	25
Amharic	5	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Arabic	20	5	10	95	45	55	55	35	25
Aramaic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	80	35	45	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	5	75	35	45	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	20	15	970	435	535	20	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	65	35	35	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	15	15	825	365	455	15	5	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	240	120	115	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	135	70	70	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	50	30	25	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	80	35	40	6,085	3,025	3,055	85	45	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	5	20	5	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	5	20	5	10	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	55	30	30	5,780	2,870	2,910	70	35	35
Indo-Aryan languages	50	25	25	5,425	2,690	2,740	60	30	30
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	350	170	180	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	5	340	170	170	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	5	5	3,920	1,940	1,980	35	20	15
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	5	585	295	290	15	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	355	180	170	10	5	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	70	35	35	10	5	0
Persian languages	10	5	5	215	115	100	0	0	0
Dari	10	5	5	150	75	75	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	30	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	15	270	135	135	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	5	5	0	5	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	15	5	10	250	130	125	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	135	60	75	15	5	5
Chinese languages	20	10	10	130	55	75	15	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	25	10	15	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	5	95	45	50	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	10	15	1,430	715	720	35	20	15
English and French	0	5	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	1,255	615	640	30	20	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	120	65	60	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	445	210	235	12,965	6,375	6,590	525	270	255
English	225	115	115	3,435	1,700	1,730	275	140	135
French	0	0	0	35	15	25	0	0	0
Non-official language	55	25	25	3,140	1,515	1,630	55	30	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	55	25	25	3,140	1,515	1,625	55	30	25
English and French	0	0	0	80	35	40	5	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	155	70	80	5,860	2,900	2,955	185	90	90
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	5	85	50	40	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	320	150	170	5	5	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	445	210	235	12,965	6,375	6,590	525	270	255
Single responses	410	195	210	11,355	5,585	5,765	480	245	230
Official languages	285	140	140	5,050	2,480	2,570	370	185	185
English	285	140	140	4,990	2,455	2,535	370	185	180
French	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Non-official languages	125	60	70	6,305	3,110	3,200	105	60	45
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	125	60	70	6,305	3,110	3,195	105	60	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	15	110	55	55	35	20	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	15	90	45	45	35	20	10
Amharic	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	45	20	20	35	20	10
Aramaic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	35	15	15	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	5	30	15	15	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	690	320	370	15	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	5	10	645	295	350	10	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	140	65	75	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	40	15	20	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	30	25	5,080	2,535	2,545	45	20	20
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	20	4,885	2,430	2,450	45	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages	35	20	20	4,650	2,315	2,340	30	20	15
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	60	35	25	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	275	130	145	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	280	145	135	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	70	30	40	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	5	3,455	1,710	1,745	25	15	15
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	465	240	220	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	235	120	115	10	5	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	50	25	20	10	5	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	140	75	65	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	85	45	40	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	190	95	90	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	5	5	175	90	85	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5	85	40	45	10	5	5
Chinese languages	15	10	5	80	35	45	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	20	5	10	5	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	5	60	30	30	10	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	45	15	25	1,610	785	820	50	25	20
English and French	0	0	0	25	15	15	5	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	40	15	20	1,530	745	785	40	20	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	30	20	10	5	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	445	210	235	12,965	6,375	6,585	525	270	255
None	315	150	165	7,835	3,825	4,005	370	190	175
English	55	25	30	2,310	1,170	1,140	45	25	20
French	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Non-official language	60	30	30	1,890	910	980	100	50	55
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	60	30	30	1,890	910	980	100	50	55
English and French	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	570	290	280	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	255	130	130	10	5	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	515	240	275	12,830	6,310	6,520	610	330	285
Official languages	500	230	260	11,950	5,935	6,015	585	320	260
English	500	230	260	11,940	5,930	6,010	585	320	260
French	35	20	15	360	180	180	10	0	0
Non-official languages	270	125	145	10,225	5,065	5,160	365	200	165
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	270	125	145	10,225	5,065	5,160	355	190	165
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	345	175	165	225	110	115
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	15	15	275	135	140	225	110	115
Amharic	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	20	10	10	200	110	95	220	105	115
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	15	150	70	80	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	15	150	70	80	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	25	15	1,335	615	720	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	105	40	60	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	90	60	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	25	15	1,295	600	700	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	335	175	155	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	185	100	90	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	120	75	50	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	145	70	85	7,540	3,815	3,725	125	75	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	105	55	50	7,160	3,640	3,525	105	65	40
Indo-Aryan languages	75	40	40	6,820	3,460	3,360	105	65	40
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	190	105	85	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	520	280	240	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	2,440	1,250	1,195	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	85	45	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	10	20	4,945	2,480	2,475	60	35	25
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	40	25	20	1,100	565	535	55	35	25
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	35	20	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	20	15	440	235	210	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	175	85	90	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	105	55	50	0	0	0
Persian languages	25	15	10	170	100	65	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	150	95	55	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	10	30	395	190	205	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	0	10	50	30	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Spanish	25	10	15	300	140	165	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	410	205	210	15	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	170	85	85	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	20	210	95	125	10	0	0
Chinese languages	25	10	20	210	95	125	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	10	155	65	85	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	515	235	275	12,830	6,310	6,520	615	330	280
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	20	20	0	65	30	35	20	15	10
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	15	15	0	65	25	35	20	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	15	15	0	30	10	20	15	15	0
Métis	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	490	215	275	12,760	6,280	6,480	590	315	275
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	515	235	275	12,830	6,310	6,520	615	330	280
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	15	15	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	500	225	275	12,790	6,300	6,495	605	320	280
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	175	...	...	3,585	...	...	170	...	...
Owner	145	...	...	3,125	...	...	135	...	...
Renter	35	...	...	455	...	...	35	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	175	...	...	3,585	...	...	170	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	920	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	170	...	...	2,665	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	175	...	...	3,585	...	...	170	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	35	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	10	...	...	235	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	20	...	...	505	...	...	15	...	...
3 bedrooms	85	...	...	1,585	...	...	35	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	65	...	...	1,230	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	175	...	...	3,585	...	...	170	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	15	...	...	1,350	...	...	15	...	...
5 rooms	35	...	...	875	...	...	35	...	...
6 rooms	50	...	...	555	...	...	15	...	...
7 rooms	50	...	...	365	...	...	20	...	...
8 or more rooms	20	...	...	445	...	...	80	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	5.3	...	...	7.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	175	...	...	3,585	...	...	170	...	...
One person or fewer per room	165	...	...	3,205	...	...	155	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	380	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	175	...	...	3,585	...	...	170	...	...
Suitable	155	...	...	3,140	...	...	155	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	445	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	175	...	...	3,585	...	...	170	...	...
1960 or before	15	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	135	...	...	20	...	...	105	...	...
1981 to 1990	20	...	...	10	...	...	45	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	10	...	...	15	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	45	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	720	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	2,750	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	175	...	...	3,585	...	...	170	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	165	...	...	3,505	...	...	160	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...	75	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	175	...	...	3,585	...	...	170	...	...
One-maintainer household	75	...	...	1,180	...	...	70	...	...
Two-maintainer household	90	...	...	1,910	...	...	75	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	10	...	...	495	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	175	...	...	3,585	...	...	170	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	60	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	45	...	...	1,125	...	...	25	...	...
35 to 44 years	25	...	...	1,325	...	...	30	...	...
45 to 54 years	55	...	...	670	...	...	25	...	...
55 to 64 years	35	...	...	285	...	...	50	...	...
65 to 74 years	15	...	...	95	...	...	30	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	175	...	...	3,575	...	...	170	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	120	...	...	2,445	...	...	130	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	55	...	...	1,130	...	...	40	...	...
30% to less than 100%	45	...	...	1,105	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	175	...	...	3,585	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	85	...	...	1,525	...	...	55	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	55	...	...	1,010	...	...	45	...	...
Not suitable only	25	...	...	345	...	...	10	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	45	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	90	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	90	...	...	2,055	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	170	...	...	3,550	...	...	165	...	...
In core need	35	...	...	230	...	...	15	...	...
Not in core need	130	...	...	3,320	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	140	...	...	3,130	...	...	130	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	85.7	...	...	96.0	...	...	69.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	21.4	...	...	31.6	...	...	23.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	15.4	...	...	5.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,450	...	...	2,200	...	...	1,640	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,380	...	...	2,238	...	...	1,680	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	288,000	...	...	428,000	...	...	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	300,000	...	...	442,400	...	...	410,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30	...	...	455	...	...	35	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	66.7	...	...	32.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	50.0	...	...	16.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,660	...	...	1,580	...	...	1,840	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,500	...	...	1,585	...	...	2,000	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	515	235	280	12,825	6,315	6,515	610	330	280
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	15	15	0	65	30	35	10	10	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	15	15	0	65	30	35	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	15	0	45	15	30	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	490	215	280	12,745	6,270	6,480	590	310	280
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	515	240	275	12,830	6,310	6,520	610	325	285
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	460	215	250	8,795	4,395	4,395	530	280	250
Canadian citizens aged under 18	100	45	55	3,325	1,670	1,660	155	80	75
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	365	170	195	5,470	2,725	2,740	380	200	180
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	50	25	30	4,035	1,915	2,120	75	45	35
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	515	240	275	12,830	6,310	6,520	610	325	285
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	295	130	165	4,375	2,180	2,195	370	205	170
Immigrants⁸¹	210	105	105	8,015	3,900	4,120	235	125	110
Before 1980	10	0	10	115	55	60	40	20	20
1980 to 1990	15	0	10	180	85	95	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	50	20	25	770	405	370	40	30	10
2001 to 2010	45	25	20	2,275	1,110	1,165	75	35	40
2011 to 2021⁸²	85	50	40	4,675	2,245	2,430	75	40	30
2011 to 2015	60	35	30	2,235	1,120	1,115	25	10	10
2016 to 2021	20	10	15	2,440	1,130	1,310	55	30	20
Non-permanent residents⁸³	10	0	0	440	230	210	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	210	100	105	8,015	3,900	4,115	235	125	110
Under 5 years	15	10	10	555	230	320	10	0	0
5 to 14 years	35	25	10	1,020	545	470	15	0	10
15 to 24 years	40	0	35	1,635	760	870	75	35	45
25 to 44 years	115	60	50	3,910	1,920	1,990	115	75	35
45 years and over	0	0	0	910	445	470	15	10	10
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	210	100	105	8,015	3,900	4,115	235	125	110
Americas	20	10	10	295	150	150	25	0	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	80	50	30	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	45	20	20	10	0	10
Europe	0	0	0	205	85	115	15	10	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	45	35	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	30	10	25	0	0	0
Africa	30	10	20	770	370	400	60	45	20
Algeria	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	90	30	55	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	255	120	130	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	40	10	25	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	305	155	145	45	30	10
Asia	155	75	75	6,675	3,255	3,420	135	65	65
Afghanistan	10	0	10	160	90	70	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	15	0	10	85	35	45	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	25	10	15	55	30	25
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	75	20	55	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	40	30	15	1,265	595	670	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	110	55	55	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	125	75	55	0	0	0
India	20	10	10	3,940	1,965	1,980	40	20	20
Pakistan	35	20	15	600	295	310	25	10	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	25	10	15	2,445	1,130	1,310	50	35	20
Americas	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	40	10	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	275	125	145	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	150	70	85	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Asia	25	10	15	1,975	915	1,060	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	1,325	635	695	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	420	170	245	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	515	240	275	12,830	6,310	6,520	615	330	285
First generation¹⁰⁰	220	110	110	8,525	4,180	4,350	250	135	115
Second generation¹⁰¹	125	60	65	3,475	1,725	1,745	230	120	105
Third generation or more¹⁰²	170	70	100	830	405	425	130	70	65
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	200	100	100	7,905	3,845	4,055	195	100	95
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	115	55	50	4,200	2,230	1,970	30	15	15
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	50	35	20	1,845	1,230	615	10	10	0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	60	25	40	2,355	1,000	1,355	20	10	15
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	35	20	15	2,875	1,175	1,700	70	35	40
Refugees¹⁰⁸	50	20	30	770	400	370	80	50	25
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	60	30	20	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	200	100	100	7,905	3,845	4,055	195	100	95
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	320	215	105	30	25	15
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	20	15	0	795	365	435	0	0	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	75	45	30	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	0	0	775	525	245	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	160	70	90	5,930	2,695	3,235	160	85	75
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	515	235	275	12,830	6,310	6,520	615	330	280
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	295	150	145	11,765	5,790	5,970	495	260	235
South Asian	75	40	35	7,195	3,635	3,560	110	65	50
Chinese	25	0	20	195	90	105	0	0	0
Black	50	25	25	1,200	570	625	105	55	45
Filipino	55	30	20	1,655	765	895	0	0	0
Arab	20	0	0	225	105	120	255	130	135
Latin American	0	0	0	240	110	130	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	10	0	0	240	105	135	0	0	0
West Asian	30	15	15	330	205	125	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	220	90	130	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	10	0	0	230	95	135	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	215	90	125	1,065	515	545	120	70	45
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	515	240	275	12,830	6,310	6,520	610	325	285
Canadian	70	20	55	445	180	265	65	35	25
English	55	25	30	265	110	155	30	15	15
Irish	45	15	25	265	120	145	10	0	0
Scottish	35	10	20	235	130	105	55	30	30
French, n.o.s.¹²²	35	0	30	145	80	65	30	0	20
German	25	15	15	265	120	150	30	15	10
Chinese	25	10	20	285	110	175	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	70	35	35	10	10	0
Indian (India)	0	0	0	3,355	1,705	1,650	35	15	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	120	45	75	0	0	0
Dutch	15	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	70	25	45	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	30	0	25	10	0	10
Filipino	45	35	15	1,585	730	860	0	0	0
French Canadian	15	10	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	15	0	10	65	35	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	75	35	35	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	60	15	45	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	0	10	45	15	35	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	35	15	25	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	130	45	80	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	35	15	20	655	320	335	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	260	120	135	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	1,550	775	775	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	150	70	75	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	135	65	70	50	15	30
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	15	10	0	100	50	45	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	280	135	150	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	35	0	30	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	35	20	15	120	75	45
Iranian	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	1,105	550	555	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	465	240	225	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	25	0	25	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	200	100	100	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	130	65	70	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	75	45	30	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	30	15	15	240	145	100	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	120	70	50	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	190	95	95	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	45	15	30	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	105	55	50	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	75	35	35	55	20	30
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	125	65	65	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	120	60	60	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	50	15	30	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	75	55	25	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	125	45	80	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	50	35	15	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	130	65	60	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	90	35	55	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	60	30	25	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	30	10	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	60	35	25	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	515	235	275	12,830	6,310	6,520	615	330	280
Buddhist	25	0	20	130	50	85	0	0	0
Christian	160	75	85	3,660	1,740	1,920	145	75	70
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	15	15	0	965	435	525	50	30	20
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	20	0	15	10	0	10
Baptist	0	0	0	60	30	30	15	15	0
Catholic	60	25	40	1,940	940	995	50	20	25
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	165	70	90	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	10	0	0	15	10	10
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	210	90	120	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	25	10	10	135	65	70	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	1,440	740	700	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	95	55	40	2,110	1,070	1,040	300	155	145
Sikh	25	15	15	4,215	2,105	2,115	45	30	20
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	195	90	110	1,270	605	670	90	50	40
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	510	235	275	12,495	6,125	6,365	605	325	285
Non-movers	390	175	215	10,085	4,950	5,140	585	315	270
Movers	120	60	60	2,410	1,175	1,230	20	10	15
Non-migrants	105	50	55	1,795	885	905	0	0	0
Migrants	0	0	0	610	295	320	20	10	15
Internal migrants	0	0	0	420	215	205	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	165	75	90	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	255	145	115	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	195	80	115	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	485	225	260	11,265	5,520	5,745	570	310	260
Non-movers	320	145	175	2,500	1,290	1,215	435	235	200
Movers	165	80	80	8,765	4,235	4,530	140	80	60
Non-migrants	120	65	50	6,065	2,940	3,130	70	40	30
Migrants	40	15	30	2,700	1,295	1,400	70	40	30
Internal migrants	25	0	20	1,215	620	595	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	20	0	15	440	215	225	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	770	405	365	0	0	0
External migrants	15	0	15	1,485	675	805	60	35	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	430	205	225	9,480	4,630	4,850	475	250	225
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	90	50	40	1,625	775	850	140	70	65
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	340	160	180	7,855	3,855	4,000	335	175	155
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	315	140	170	7,390	3,595	3,795	330	175	155
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	55	30	30	925	425	500	90	45	50
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	260	110	140	6,465	3,170	3,295	235	125	105
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	430	205	225	9,480	4,630	4,855	480	250	225
No certificate, diploma or degree	80	35	40	1,515	720	795	130	65	60
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	165	90	75	2,145	1,155	990	155	80	75
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	185	80	105	5,820	2,750	3,070	195	110	90
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	95	35	60	2,145	1,070	1,080	135	65	70
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35	25	10	345	235	110	45	20	25
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	10	10	0	145	90	55	30	0	25
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	0	10	195	145	55	20	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	45	15	35	1,280	590	695	75	40	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	0	20	520	245	270	15	10	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	90	45	50	3,670	1,680	1,990	65	45	20
Bachelor's degree	65	35	30	2,405	1,100	1,300	50	35	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	170	75	90	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Master's degree	15	10	0	1,000	455	545	10	0	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	310	140	175	7,390	3,595	3,795	325	170	155
No certificate, diploma or degree	45	15	25	820	375	450	75	40	40
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	110	60	55	1,410	815	595	105	50	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	155	65	90	5,155	2,405	2,755	145	85	60
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	80	25	55	1,800	880	920	90	45	40
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	30	20	10	290	195	95	20	0	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	15	0	115	65	45	15	0	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	10	10	180	135	45	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	25	0	25	1,065	475	590	60	35	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	0	20	445	205	235	10	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	75	35	35	3,360	1,525	1,835	55	35	20
Bachelor's degree	45	30	20	2,175	985	1,195	40	25	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	130	60	70	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Master's degree	20	10	0	945	430	515	15	10	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	430	205	225	9,480	4,625	4,850	475	250	230
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	245	125	120	3,660	1,875	1,785	280	145	135
Education	0	0	0	200	15	180	0	0	0
13. Education	0	0	0	200	15	180	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	85	25	55	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	85	25	55	0	0	0
Humanities	10	0	10	430	170	255	15	10	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	25	0	20	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	50	0	40	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	280	120	160	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	20	10	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	30	0	25	425	125	295	25	0	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	45	15	35	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	50	0	50	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	85	30	60	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	50	0	50	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	15	0	15	180	80	100	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	45	10	30	1,510	670	835	30	20	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	45	10	30	1,455	655	800	30	20	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	290	125	165	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	90	25	60	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	85	50	35	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	0	540	300	240	15	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	0	445	250	195	15	15	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	85	40	40	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	40	30	10	1,115	955	160	40	35	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
14. Engineering	10	10	0	570	445	115	0	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	230	195	30	20	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	105	105	0	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	0	0	145	145	0	10	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	45	45	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	75	50	25	10	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	60	45	10	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Health and related fields	25	0	20	965	215	750	35	0	30
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	25	0	20	950	205	745	35	0	30
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	0	195	95	105	15	10	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	140	50	90	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	45	35	10	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	310	145	170	7,395	3,595	3,795	325	170	155
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	160	75	85	2,235	1,190	1,040	180	90	90
Education	0	0	0	170	15	155	0	0	0
13. Education	0	0	0	170	15	155	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Humanities	15	0	10	340	130	215	15	10	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	25	0	20	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	50	0	45	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	210	85	130	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	0	15	360	110	250	15	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	45	15	35	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	35	0	30	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	70	20	50	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	40	0	30	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	15	0	15	170	70	100	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	35	10	30	1,325	580	745	20	10	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35	10	30	1,270	560	710	20	10	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	250	105	140	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	85	35	55	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	75	45	30	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	500	265	235	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	415	225	190	10	10	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	70	35	40	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	30	25	0	1,005	860	145	30	25	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0
14. Engineering	10	10	0	530	415	110	0	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	200	175	25	15	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	90	90	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	0	0	130	130	0	10	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	35	35	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	75	55	25	15	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	60	45	10	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Health and related fields	20	0	20	885	190	700	30	0	25
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	0	20	870	170	695	30	0	25
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	10	0	170	80	95	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	125	40	85	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	40	30	10	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	310	145	170	7,395	3,595	3,795	325	170	155
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	160	75	85	2,235	1,190	1,040	180	90	90
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	155	65	90	5,155	2,405	2,755	145	80	65
Location of study inside Canada	90	40	50	2,000	910	1,085	100	50	45
Same as province or territory of residence	75	30	45	1,375	550	825	100	50	45
Different than province or territory of residence	10	10	0	625	360	260	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	65	25	35	3,160	1,495	1,665	45	30	20
Americas	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	10	100	45	55	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	195	95	95	20	15	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	50	30	20	20	15	0
Asia	40	15	25	2,755	1,290	1,470	30	15	15
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	10	590	275	320	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	60	40	20	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	1,775	830	940	15	10	0
Pakistan	20	10	10	220	105	120	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	30	25	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	430	205	225	9,480	4,630	4,855	480	250	225
In the labour force	285	145	140	7,345	3,865	3,480	310	190	120
Employed	260	130	130	6,510	3,490	3,015	260	155	100
Unemployed	30	15	15	835	375	460	50	35	15
Not in the labour force	145	60	85	2,135	765	1,375	165	60	110
Participation rate	66.3	70.7	62.2	77.5	83.5	71.7	64.6	76.0	53.3
Employment rate	60.5	63.4	57.8	68.7	75.4	62.1	54.2	62.0	44.4
Unemployment rate	10.5	10.3	10.7	11.4	9.7	13.2	16.1	18.4	12.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	430	205	225	9,480	4,625	4,850	475	250	230
Did not work¹⁸⁶	185	75	110	2,675	1,100	1,580	220	100	120
Worked	250	125	120	6,805	3,530	3,270	255	150	105
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	85	50	40	3,300	1,970	1,330	115	65	50
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	160	75	80	3,505	1,560	1,945	145	85	60
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.8	41.2	38.4	39.6	41.6	37.3	37.6	36.4	38.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	285	150	140	7,345	3,865	3,475	310	190	120
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	215	105	110	20	15	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	280	140	140	7,125	3,760	3,370	285	175	115
Employee	250	130	120	6,155	3,020	3,135	230	135	95
Permanent position	220	110	110	5,235	2,630	2,605	180	90	85
Temporary position	30	20	10	925	390	530	50	40	10
Fixed term (1 year or more)	0	0	0	285	115	170	0	0	0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	30	20	10	640	275	365	45	40	10
Self-employed¹⁹²	25	10	20	970	735	230	60	40	25
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	285	150	140	7,345	3,865	3,475	310	190	120
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	215	105	110	20	15	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	280	140	140	7,125	3,760	3,370	285	175	115
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	30	20	10	965	315	640	30	0	20
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	15	0	15	570	430	140	15	15	0
3 Health occupations	10	0	10	615	85	530	25	0	20
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	20	0	10	540	160	380	0	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	65	30	30	10	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	125	55	70	2,140	875	1,265	110	55	50
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	75	65	15	1,840	1,590	245	80	75	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	95	85	10	10	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	295	180	120	15	15	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	285	150	140	7,345	3,865	3,475	310	190	120
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	215	105	110	20	15	0
All industries¹⁹¹	280	140	140	7,125	3,760	3,370	285	175	115
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	140	115	30	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
23 Construction	0	0	0	445	390	55	50	45	10
31-33 Manufacturing	10	0	0	400	280	115	10	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	20	15	0	200	140	65	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	35	10	25	1,170	545	625	55	40	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	50	45	0	1,270	985	280	25	25	0
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	135	70	65	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	10	0	10	220	105	115	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	90	55	35	10	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	15	15	0	395	230	165	25	15	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	20	15	10	385	225	160	10	0	0
61 Educational services	15	10	0	250	85	165	0	0	0
62 Health care and social assistance	25	0	25	985	110	870	25	0	25
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	45	15	35	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	35	15	25	525	200	330	40	10	30
81 Other services (except public administration)	20	0	15	210	95	115	25	0	15
91 Public administration	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	295	150	150	7,645	3,945	3,700	305	175	125
English	280	145	135	6,650	3,380	3,275	290	170	115
French	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	205	110	95	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	205	110	95	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	725	425	305	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	295	150	150	7,645	3,945	3,700	305	175	125
Single responses	285	145	140	7,470	3,840	3,625	305	175	125
Official languages	280	145	140	7,115	3,635	3,475	295	170	120
English	280	145	140	7,095	3,620	3,475	295	170	120
French	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	355	205	150	10	0	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	355	205	150	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	310	185	125	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	305	175	125	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	305	175	125	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	265	165	100	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	0	175	100	75	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	165	100	60	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	295	150	150	7,645	3,945	3,700	305	175	125
None	285	145	140	7,025	3,595	3,435	295	170	120
English	0	0	0	135	80	50	0	0	0
French	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	10	0	0	390	215	175	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	390	215	175	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	260	130	130	6,505	3,490	3,015	255	155	100
Worked at home	25	0	25	925	465	465	15	10	0
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	75	55	20	1,250	925	330	55	45	10
Usual place of work	155	75	80	4,310	2,090	2,220	185	100	80
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	155	75	85	4,315	2,095	2,220	185	100	85
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	135	65	80	3,420	1,630	1,795	160	80	80
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15	10	0	790	410	380	25	20	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	60	35	25	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	230	125	105	5,565	3,015	2,545	240	145	95
Car, truck or van	175	105	70	4,945	2,795	2,145	210	135	75
Car, truck or van - as a driver	170	105	65	4,590	2,710	1,880	185	115	70
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	355	85	265	30	20	10
Public transit	50	20	30	455	150	305	25	10	0
Walked	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	125	55	65	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	230	125	105	5,565	3,015	2,545	240	145	95
Less than 15 minutes	35	15	25	830	370	455	60	40	20
15 to 29 minutes	125	85	40	2,695	1,485	1,210	120	70	50
30 to 44 minutes	40	15	25	1,455	860	595	45	35	15
45 to 59 minutes	10	0	10	260	160	100	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	15	10	10	325	140	185	10	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	230	125	105	5,565	3,015	2,545	240	145	95
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	10	0	450	295	150	20	20	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	60	35	25	870	515	355	45	30	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	55	30	25	1,040	520	520	50	15	30
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	30	10	20	930	445	485	45	35	10
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	45	15	30	890	440	450	40	25	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	35	35	0	1,385	800	585	45	30	20
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	110	55	55	3,765	1,890	1,870	125	60	60
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	5	165	85	80	15	5	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	105	55	50	3,595	1,810	1,785	110	60	50
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	75	40	35	2,235	1,115	1,115	100	55	45
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	5	115	55	60	15	5	10
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	65	35	40	10	0	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	40	35	2,120	1,060	1,055	85	50	35

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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